How to cover a greenhouse with a film. How to properly cover the greenhouse with foil

In the country house and in the garden, it is not possible to do without a greenhouse and a greenhouse in all regions: in the north, summer is too cool and short, so you have to lengthen it. Yes, and in more southern regions, then grow seedlings, then get early / late vegetables-berries. That is why these facilities are popular: the costs are not very high, but there are many benefits. Moreover, do-it-yourself greenhouses and greenhouses can be built of any design, from any material, for any task.

Immediately make a reservation, what is the difference between a greenhouse and a greenhouse. The greenhouse is serviced from the outside. It is small and cannot be entered. A greenhouse is already a more solid structure in which you can stand to your full height and work. The plants in it are served from the inside. Here, in fact, is the whole difference.

Despite the obvious difference in the dimensions of the structure, the same ones are used. There are several basic ones, as well as many combinations and modifications.

The main design differences are in the shape of the roof. There are three of them:

• arched;
• lean-to;
• gable.

What is the frame for greenhouses and greenhouses made of?

The choice of materials is wide, and they are often combined. So, the frame of a greenhouse or greenhouse is made from:

Probably everyone knows about the advantages and disadvantages of metal and wood. But what are good and bad plastics, probably a few. Plastics are good because they bend well, their outer surface is initially smooth and does not require processing, it does not tear the covering material. Plastic pipes are round, there are square ones, their wall is quite thick and strong, it holds self-tapping screws. Their main advantage: they are chemically neutral, do not bloom, do not rust, do not rot. Another property is their lightness. Regarding the construction of greenhouses, this is both an advantage and a disadvantage. On the one hand, the design is light, it is easy to assemble and disassemble. But at strong wind lightness is already a disadvantage. It is neutralized with good foundation to which the frame is securely attached.

What to cover

The main covering material for greenhouses and greenhouses is a film. It is used on both small and large structures. For year-round use, glass used to be used, but it high price and fragility led to the fact that it is used very rarely - an expensive shelter is obtained. A large weight of glazing requires a solid frame.

There are two new items. A more familiar polycarbonate, which is used for both canopies, and a relatively new one is spunbond non-woven covering material.

Now about all the details.

Film for greenhouses and greenhouses

Produced from different polymers, has different thickness. The most common are polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride. There are also reinforced ones.

Polyethylene films are the most inexpensive, but they are also the most short-lived. Even with the most careful attitude, they do not serve for more than a year: they become brittle under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, and they are finished off by cold. However, more often buy them: cheap.

Available in sleeve form. Cutting it on one side, we get a double width. It is not worth using an uncut film: the service life will remain the same, and the consumption will be exactly twice as much. There is only one feature: the film breaks quickly along the fold. It is difficult and almost useless to seal it later: adhesive tape sticks very poorly to a dusty surface. Therefore, this fold is glued with adhesive tape before use. It turns out reliably.

Thickness and types

The optimal thickness of the polyethylene film for country greenhouses and greenhouses is 150 microns. To take a thicker one - anyway, its service life is one season, and the characteristics and 150 are enough.

More durable reinforced film. Manufacturers give a 3-year warranty on it. It is easy to distinguish by its appearance: it is in a cage. Fibers of other polymers or the same polyethylene, but processed in a different way, are woven into the polyethylene web. Thanks to stronger fibers, such a film greenhouse can withstand wind and snow loads well (to a certain extent). Reinforced film is available in different densities, for greenhouses and greenhouses in summer cottages and household plots, 120 g / m 2 to 200 g / m 2 is more suitable.

There are also polyvinyl chloride films. They can be used up to 7 years. But they are expensive. The material is also good because it transmits sunlight well (80-90%) and almost does not transmit infrared (5-10%), that is, it does not allow the greenhouse to cool overnight. If you need a warm greenhouse that maintains the temperature well at night, this is your choice.

There are also films that are called perennial. Most often it is polyethylene with various additives. Some other polymers are less common. Typically, multi-year films have some special properties:

• less destroyed by ultraviolet radiation - light stabilizing;
• less transmits thermal radiation - heat stabilizing;
• does not allow condensation drops to form on the film - hydrophilic;
• reflects thermal radiation, glows in the dark, absorbs ultraviolet - these properties depend on the type of additives, but are called light-transforming.

These properties can be combined in one film. So you can find a long-term hydrophilic heat-stabilizing film, etc. One more moment. Such films usually have some kind of tint: yellow, greenish, blue ...

When choosing a multi-year film, be sure to specify its service life. It can be from two seasons to 3 years. Note. If 2 seasons are written, this means that it needs to be removed for the winter. If 2 years, then this is a film for year-round use. Sellers often manipulate these concepts, saying that two seasons are two years.

Polycarbonate

This cellular material has many advantages: it is light, transmits light well, retains heat, bends, and is easy to install. Disadvantage - Relatively high price. However, if the greenhouse is operated for more than one year, such investments will pay off: even without additional heating, the growing season is significantly increased.

But polycarbonate is different in structure and thickness. The most commonly used types in the construction of greenhouses are in the table.

For normal conditions (average snow load and wind), single-chamber sheets are used to cover greenhouses. For regions with large quantity it makes sense to take reinforced snow.

The thickness of the sheets is optimal - 6 mm or 8 mm. You should not take less: sheets are too fragile and their characteristics are not very good (see table). Polycarbonate 4 mm thick can be placed on small ones. He can't handle heavy loads.

Polycarbonate still needs to be fixed correctly: the cells must be oriented from top to bottom, open edges it is necessary to seal it with a special tape or adhesive tape, fasten it with special thermal washers or bolts with a large metal washer, under which it is necessary to put a rubber or plastic lining.

Spunbond

This is no longer the same material. There are many brands: Agril, Lutrasil, Spanteks, Agrospan, AgroSUF, etc. It's just that Spunbond appeared first and now all similar materials are called that way, as well as "non-woven covering material" or "agrofibre". This is a non-woven polypropylene fiber that has unique characteristics: it allows air, light and moisture to pass through, while saving plants from overheating or freezing. Review of the practice on the use of this material in the video.

Agrofibre is characterized by density. The lowest is 17 kg / m 3, the largest is 60 kg / m 3. For seasonal greenhouses and greenhouses from spring to autumn, the optimal density is 30-40 kg / m 3, for winter, 60 kg / m 3 are already needed.

How to quickly build a greenhouse with arcs (with photo explanations)

As a rule, the first greenhouse in the country or in the garden is made from expensive materials: you need to try what it is and evaluate how profitable the idea is. Hence the requirements: simple, prefabricated structure from inexpensive, available materials. These requirements are fully met by frame greenhouses with arches made of PVC pipes(You can also use HDPE).

materials

Here is a greenhouse, as in the photo above, can be done in a few hours. You will need the following material:

• Board for the base, size not less than 75 * 40 mm, the length depends on the dimensions of your greenhouse. A frame is knocked down from a bar, which lies along the perimeter of the greenhouse. If the greenhouse is 6 * 3 meters, then the timber needs 18 meters, if 8 * 3 m, then 24 meters, etc.
• Board with a section of 50 * 20 mm for the organization of the front door.
• PVC pipes with a wall thickness of at least 2 mm. The length depends on the dimensions of the greenhouse. If you are going to build a greenhouse, then in top point its height must be at least 2.2 meters. Then you can easily work inside.
• Reinforcement with a diameter of 14-16 mm. It should be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of PVC pipes.
• Covering material - film or agrofibre. Others for this design will not work.
• Perforated metal tape.
• Wood screws.

Treat wood with rot and insect repellant before use. If there are pieces of bark somewhere, you need to get rid of them. That is where most of the larvae are. If there are any factory impregnations, you can use them. Do you have a completed machine oil- it will fit. If it is not there, you can burn the wood blowtorch. This method is unreliable, but even such processing is better than none.

Tools for the job

To make a greenhouse for a summer residence with your own hands, you will need a tool:

• hammer, nails;
• saw on wood;
• grinder with a disk for metal;
• sledgehammer or heavy hammer (to hammer rebar);
• screwdriver

We build a greenhouse from polypropylene pipes (photo report)

First of all, the site is marked out, then the site is leveled. She is leveled. Next, the actual construction of the seasonal greenhouse begins.

Preparatory work

A rectangle is knocked down from a wide board, which outlines the border of the greenhouse. If you know how, the beam can be connected into a paw, if not, just knock it down with a hammer and long nails (at least 10 cm). Reinforce the uly with metal plates or corners. We check the base. To find out how evenly it turned out for you, measure the diagonals. If they are equal, great. No - straighten it out. After that, we fix the base - in inside corners we drive in reinforcement rods. They will hold the base in place.

The reinforcement is cut into pieces about 80 cm long. They are installed every 50 cm on both long sides of the greenhouse. 40 cm are hammered into the ground and the same remains to hang around. The rods of opposite sides must stand strictly one opposite the other, otherwise the greenhouse will be skewed.

We put on arcs

We put a cut piece on the reinforcement on one side polypropylene pipe, bend it and put it on the same bar from the opposite side. Got the first arc. We do the same with everyone else. We get arcs installed every 50 cm. This is a greenhouse frame made of polypropylene pipes.

Now the pipes need to be fixed. Otherwise, they will come off just as easily as we put them on.

We take a perforated metal tape, a screwdriver, wood screws. We cut off a piece of tape, attach it to the frame near the pipe on one side, then on the other. You can screw one more - two self-tapping screws closer to the pipe so that the arc is held securely. To make the fastening stronger, it is better to take corrugated reinforcement rather than smooth, you can also fix the PP pipe twice: almost at the ground and closer to the upper edge of the frame.

Now you need to connect all the arcs with longitudinal pipes. They will give rigidity to the structure. If the greenhouse is small, only one longitudinal rib is enough. But it is more convenient when they are also on the sidewalls.

A long piece of PVC pipe or a beam of small section is tied at the top in the middle of the arch. It is attached with a plastic clamp to each arch. It will give the structure additional rigidity.

Plastic clamps - universal fasteners

Making doors

A doorway is already made from the board in the middle of the first arch. Its height and width depends on how high your greenhouse turned out. But the width of the door should not be less than 80 cm: it will be uncomfortable to walk.

Now the matter is small: choose what, cover the greenhouse. PVC pipes will be able to carry film (any) or non-woven material (or both). After the material is fixed, we can consider the manufacture of the greenhouse with our own hands finished: you can plant seedlings. There is enough height to grow even high varieties of tomatoes or cucumbers and you can easily make supports for tying.

Greenhouse using the same technology

It is interesting that it is easy to build a greenhouse using the same technology. Only its dimensions will be smaller (the fittings may be thinner, its pieces are smaller), and the whole technology is similar.

Almost also built a greenhouse "Snowdrop". The only difference is that the covering material is stitched in it, drawstrings are made in it, into which PVC pipes are threaded. After they are installed in necessary places agrofibres, they are stuck into the ground. Why is such a greenhouse convenient? The fact that the shelter can be moved along the arch, opening or closing plants as needed.

Improvements

Most of all questions arise at the organization of an input: the most problematic part turns out. Here are two options for solving it:

How to attach film to pipes

What are the advantages of PVC pipe arcs? They are smooth, the film and spunbond do not tear on them. But how to attach the film to them? You can’t drive a nail into them, you can screw in a self-tapping screw, but only into one lying on the ground. It “plays” in the frame and the screw does not screw into it. For fastening the film there are special plastic clamps-latches. They are put on top of the film, cover part of the pipe.

From a hose, a plastic pipe, other improvised materials

Such clamps can be made from improvised materials. For small greenhouses from arcs, a piece of old hose, cut lengthwise, is suitable. For greenhouses, its rigidity may not be enough: the windage is greater. Then the clamp can be made from a piece of the same plastic pipe. It is also cut lengthwise, but you will have to cut off some of the width: PVC, and HDPE are still quite rigid, and you can’t just unfold them. Which part of the pipe to cut out, determine empirically, then process the edges with emery: so that they do not tear the film.

Pipe clamps, which are used when installing pipelines in houses, do a good job of holding the film. You have to break off his leg, but otherwise he is very good.

Still people use stationery binders right size. This device holds well, but due to the fact that it is metal, there is a possibility that the film will tear in strong winds. To prevent this from happening, you can put a piece of cloth.

And another way that you can attach the film to the arc of the greenhouse: take double-sided tape and stick it on one side of the pipe. Then, gradually removing the protective film, stick the film to it. This is an option for cheap plastic film: it will be impossible to remove it. Another point: you need to stick the film not to the very bottom: after all, you may need to ventilate the greenhouse.

For convenient ventilation, the film is cut longer than required by 20-30 centimeters on each side (if the length of the arc, for example, is 2 meters, then the film will need at least 2.5). They take a bar, wrap it with a film and nail it. Now, if the film needs to be lifted, it is wound onto a bar, and it is fixed (or simply thrown onto the roof, tying a rope so that it can be pulled back). Only the bar should be well processed, without sharp edges. So it won't break the film.

Arcs for greenhouses from profiles

A greenhouse under a film can be not only made of a polymer pipe. You can also use galvanized profiles for outdoor use. They are light, due to the ribs have a sufficient degree of rigidity. A greenhouse with a galvanized profile can be covered with any material, except, perhaps, glass: it is too heavy.

To make an arc from the profile, its side parts are cut with a grinder every 20-30 cm, leaving the middle part intact. On the ground, an arc is outlined that needs to be formed (a semicircle can be drawn with a piece of rope and a pencil tied on one side if you are working on a concrete site or a sharp peg that scratches the turf or ground. The incised profile is placed on this drawing, folded in places of cuts. Then they take a screwdriver and self-tapping screws (fleas), fasten them in places where the side parts intersect, first from one side, then from the other side.

How it looks live, see the video.

Polycarbonate can already be attached to such arcs. But the structure is still not rigid enough to be walked on.

Video on how to make arcs for a greenhouse with wood polycarbonate

This method is available to experienced carpenters. But the result is excellent: not only reliable, but also beautiful. The fastening system was invented very interestingly: the polycarbonate is not fixed tightly, but moves along the guides, opening and closing the side faces. The design is more complex, but also more reliable.

Economical greenhouse with heating

How to make a year-round greenhouse, and spend a little on heating it? One of the gardeners came up with the idea to bury the greenhouse in the ground. One of the very rational options, see the following video.

Do-it-yourself greenhouses are made from different materials and different designs, but the priority is the arched structure. It is easier to build, and does not interfere with work, it allows you to ventilate if necessary.

Greenhouse "elite" are greenhouses covered with polycarbonate. This polymer material, of course, has its advantages, but the film also has a number of qualities that are superior to polycarbonate:

• it is much cheaper than polymers;
• mold does not form on it;
• light transmission is not lost over time;
• does not block ultraviolet rays;
• some types of film are as durable as polycarbonate.

Modern film manufacturers are trying to take into account all the fair complaints of users about this material. The consumer is not satisfied with the insufficient resistance of the film to atmospheric precipitation, the formation of condensate drops on inner surface, sagging of the material due to stretching.

As a result of "work on the mistakes", the following types of film appeared:

• stabilized hydrophilic;
• polyethylene unstabilized;
• heat-retaining;
• polyethylene reinforced;
• copolymer ethylene vinyl acetate;
• polyvinyl chloride.

The hydrophilic film allows condensate to run off without the formation of drops. Water does not collect overhead, and most importantly over plants.

Reinforced film is characterized by increased durability - it can last 7-8 seasons.

Ordinary unstabilized - does not differ in such characteristics. Therefore, if year-round crop cultivation is envisaged in a greenhouse covered with this film, then one cannot do without a gas boiler to increase CO 2 and reduce humidity.

The EVA film also has increased strength due to its multilayer nature. It is impossible to cover the greenhouse with it without additional 4-5 pairs of helpers' hands. The greenhouse is covered with a solid heavy canvas. But the skin is surprisingly strong and durable, it keeps heat well. all year round. The fastening of such a multilayer film has its own characteristics:

1. The first layer is attached, as usual, on top of the frame.
2. The next one should be at a distance of 7-10 centimeters from the first and located inside the frame.
3. The last layer is nailed with strips of conveyor belt to the additional crossbars of the internal racks. The crossbars that are nailed to the posts must be 2 m in the middle and at least 1.20 m at the edges of the greenhouse.

So indoors the effect of "thermos" is created. Even in the most severe winter, additional heating of the greenhouse is not needed. With the advent of heat, the third layer of the film can be dismantled.

Rules for attaching a film to a greenhouse

It is very convenient and reliable to cover the greenhouse with a conveyor belt. It is cut into strips of 2-3 centimeters and nailed with ordinary nails.

The film is not nailed onto the frame directly, but through a wooden glazing bead or rail. But if the film on the frame and bead is held only with nails, there is a danger that the tree will dry out over time. This will cause the tension to loosen and the cover to sag. This can be avoided by wrapping a plastic film around a wooden lath and securing it with packing tape. The tape must be pressed against the film and attached with a construction stapler. It is better to use 6-8 cm staples. When working with reinforced film, it is better not to use nails, but to fix it with furniture stapler staples.

It is necessary to choose the right degree of film tension. Too tightly stretched - it will soon tear, weakly - sag, deformed. For optimal tension of the film material, a polypropylene cord tension can be used. With a step of 1 meter, the letter Z, the cord is attached over the film. Instead of a propylene cord, you can use a rope or a rubber band.

You can avoid the problem of dripping condensate from the film onto the plants by providing a kind of grooves from the film for draining water. It is necessary to knock out the film between the racks so that a natural drain forms.

The metal frame of the greenhouse wipes polyethylene very quickly. You can significantly slow down the process by wrapping the frame with a cloth in problem areas Or cover them with duct tape. When using a polymer frame, such problems are not observed.

Another disadvantage metal structure- it gets very hot in the sun, and the temperature in the greenhouse rises to undesirable levels. If the metal elements are painted with light paint, then the heating will become less. However, the paint will not help to avoid rubbing the film. To solve both problems together, light plastic pipes can be put on metal racks. Instead of plastic pipes can be used rubber hoses or bicycle tires. You just need to pre-paint them in White color. Light coating metal reduces its heating by half. At the same time, it must not be forgotten that wooden frame does not heat up and does not rub the film.

A low-budget version of a home-made greenhouse under the film

The simplest and cheapest option for an independent built summer cottage is a "film" greenhouse arched structure. The sequence of actions for its manufacture is as follows:

1. Any building starts with a foundation. Vertical metal pipe sections, about 40 centimeters long, are dug into the ground. A tee is welded to the end, lowered into the ground, it will act as an anchor. A crosspiece is welded to the free end. An 80 cm piece of pipe is attached to one wing of the cross. The same distance will be later between the arches. The whole structure is welded in detail in a line. Its length is equal to the estimated length of the greenhouse.
2. Greenhouse installation. Fits horizontally into a shallow groove bottom trim and sags a little. An arched rod is welded into the cross of the foundation pipes (also vertically). A length of 5.5 meters will suffice. The second end of the rod is welded to the opposite harness.
3. Strengthening the structure. For him, boards are needed, the thickness of which is 25 mm, the width is 10 cm. The boards must be treated with an antiseptic. The reinforcement is attached to the frame longitudinally.
4. Installation of the greenhouse ridge. Two wooden planks are screwed to each arch along the entire length of the greenhouse with self-tapping screws. One bar is outside, the other is inside.
5. Greenhouse cover. It is necessary to cover the greenhouse on top with the selected film and fix it using one of the methods discussed above. The free hanging ends of the film are dug into the ground.
6. In pre-selected places of the structure, doorways and vents are cut and installed.

More recently, greenhouse craftsmen have discovered another material suitable for building a "green house". This is an ordinary large-mesh metal grid. It serves as an excellent frame for a film greenhouse. The wire from which the mesh is made is light and bends well. Today it is actively used for portable structures. If the mesh is chosen as the material of the frame, then the floor of the greenhouse is also made from it. For the floor, you can use material with smaller, but rigid cells.

​Related Articles​

​In my own way chemical structure it is a polycondensation of diphenylolpropane with carbonic acid. And all derivatives of the latter are called carbonates - that's where the famous name comes from.

Covering the greenhouse with polycarbonate should be carried out with the correct installation of the bolts. Excessive twisting can cause deformation of the material. The perpendicularity of the fastening should be observed, this will avoid damage to the sheet;​

Films and non-woven fabrics

For better connection panels, experts recommend using the F-shaped and U-shaped profile. Holes up to 3 mm in diameter should be drilled in the bottom of the panel. They will contribute to a better outflow of water.

Polyethylene film

• ​0,700​ ​ 8​
• ​35​ Quite high thermal insulation, which, according to manufacturers, is three times higher than glass. The thermal conductivity of a polycarbonate sheet is 8 mm. higher than glass and comparable to double glazing;​

And this is very worthy option, since glass has such useful characteristics in greenhouses as:

• You can praise modern greenhouses made of cellular polycarbonate as long and eloquently as you like, put forward arguments in favor of traditional glass or argue in favor of film, but not convince your opponent that you are right. Because everyone decides how to cover the greenhouse, depending on their needs and capabilities. For the installation of polycarbonate, special aluminum fastening systems, profiles and other structures that can be ordered are traditionally used. But many summer residents are stunned by the question of how to fix polycarbonate - is it really impossible to do without branded thermal washers, or is it more rational to use self-tapping screws for a profiled sheet? Should the sheets overlap or use a special profile to connect them? To answer this question, let's look at the coefficient of thermal expansion of polycarbonate - 0.068 mm from each meter per 1 degree. At first glance, this seems insignificant - but with a temperature drop from -20, as in Russia in winter to +30 in summer, a six-meter polycarbonate sheet will change in size by exactly 34 mm, and this is already quite noticeable. And the self-tapping screw, which is always in place due to the almost complete absence of thermal expansion in the metal, will simply “break” an oval hole in the polycarbonate. At the same time, branded washers with a diameter of more than 30 mm completely seal the holes and are designed for any thermal deformation of the material that is invisible to the eye. Just pay attention when buying plastic thermal washers that they are already too fragile after two years - due to exposure to ultraviolet radiation.​

​When installing a panel wider than one meter, additional fastening should be used along the entire length of the material. conventional mount, in this case, is not enough to avoid straightening the sheet, it can also move under pressure.​

Greenhouses have a different configuration and often they differ from each other. Therefore, we give advice on specific type, and those that will help to complete the work in any design. Now tips will be given on how to cover a greenhouse with polycarbonate and at the same time avoid problems, extend the life of the structure.

PVC film

Spunbond

All gardeners know what greenhouse lighting is. Light transmittance of double panel

Glass

Resistant to temperature extremes and sunlight; Each of these materials has a lot of advantages, all of them, to one degree or another, have disadvantages. We will talk about them in this article.

And, finally, polycarbonate has high impact resistance - it perfectly tolerates strong hail and even a thrown stone will not particularly harm it. That is why the manufacturer generously gives a guarantee for such covering material for all 10 years. And polycarbonate can also be bent, unlike glass - and therefore they build such different designs. A real outlet for landscape designers!​

A good coating for greenhouses is polycarbonate, but it also requires maintenance, this way you will preserve the properties of the material and extend the life of the structure.

• We will describe how to correctly put polycarbonate on the greenhouse and technologically fasten all the elements.
• ​2,100​

Cellular polycarbonate

is 80%​

High light transmittance;

Found their use and unusual materials for greenhouses - in some ways they are similar to a foreign awning, only their properties are slightly different. Getting more and more popular day by day nonwovens– Agril, Lutrasil, Thermoselect and others. There are many such brands, and all of them are designed for multifunctional use.​

• Do not light a fire near a greenhouse. Ignition in this case is unlikely, but melting of the material is possible;​
• Before starting work, prime and paint the frame in a light color. Give preference to an anti-corrosion primer. Light painting will prevent additional heating of the lower part of the polycarbonate sheet. When using dark color, Bottom part the material heats up from contact with the dark part of the metal and partially loses strength;
• ​1300​
• ​1300​

​Gap between stiffener in mm.​
​79​
​;​

Conclusion

inertia towards chemicals(toxic chemicals, detergents);

The main reason why many gardeners still choose film for greenhouses and greenhouses is its low price, which, however, varies greatly depending on the type of film and its performance characteristics.

oteplicah.com

But their qualities and properties should be paid the most close attention- so that it does not turn out that the plants will subsequently lack some important light spectra, and the harvest will be poor. In total, modern non-woven materials keep heat well in the greenhouse and slowly release it at night. But they cannot save seedlings from frost, and like fabric, they can tear and cost a lot. The choice is yours!​

​The surface should be washed with a mild detergent or just water. We should not forget about protective layer from ultraviolet rays with which the panels are covered. When processing, do not use abrasive cleaners and aromatic solvents;​

Advantages of cellular polycarbonate

​When bending the material, take into account the data given in the table. Increased bending puts more stress on the material and can lead to cracks in the outer layer. This may not even happen immediately, but after a while;

• ​800​
• ​800​​ 5,7​ ​35​
• A special coating prevents the penetration of ultraviolet rays. In the greenhouse you can just sunbathe, without any risk of getting burned;
• Good thermal insulation qualities.
• ​Today, film materials are produced that are designed specifically for agricultural needs and have special properties.​

If you nevertheless purchased such material, then during rains, be sure to cover it with ordinary plastic wrap, and then remove it: this way the non-woven fabric will last longer.​

Should not be applied garden tools for removing snow from the surface of the material.​

For many, this is the worst way cover the greenhouse - after all, you have to spoil the film. Such a film does not live for a long time, a couple of seasons at most. Well, if you nail cheap film, but nailing durable expensive film for a couple of seasons is stupid, especially if there are safer ways.

The safest way to attach the film to the greenhouse. First, the greenhouse needs to be covered with a film, and on top of it is a mesh, the mesh itself is tied to the body. In this case, the film is not damaged in any way, but there is one drawback - you will have to stretch the film more often, especially after rain and if there is no additional fastening.​

., must be at least

What is required for the installation of cellular polycarbonate

When the frame structure is installed. Jays are set at the right distance, material is selected and purchased. You can start installing sheets.

Preparing panels for installation

​Sheet thickness in mm​

To make the design reliable, you need to know how to properly cover the greenhouse with polycarbonate.

• Once I experimented - I covered one greenhouse with white agril. Everything grew beautifully, but in the autumn the plants died from cold dew at the moment. Unlike the plants in the other greenhouse, which was covered with foil.​

Mounting and cutting specifics

Almost the same as in the case of a greenhouse net, but instead of it, a polypropylene cord or elastic cord is used. Moreover, you need to tie up the greenhouse in the form of Z (between two parallel cords - one diagonally).

through 400-500 mm

• Now we will consider all the nuances that will be required when installing the structure.
• ​200 kg/m2​
• ​6000​

​Light transmission of cellular polycarbonate depending on sheet thickness and color​

• You will read about this in other materials of the site.

This is a non-woven covering material with a membrane structure. Eco-friendly, very light and strong enough. It passes through itself not only light, but also water and air, while creating in the greenhouse optimal microclimate and protecting plants from direct sunlight.​

• Greenhouse - thick film roof, agril walls. Tunnels and arcs - film A rather specific way, and therefore I will describe it in passing. Eyelets are a hole in the film reinforced with a metal or plastic ring. It is not suitable for ordinary film, only for strong and preferably with the addition of a cuff that will prevent the eyelet from breaking through the material.​ . Sheet
• Before installing the sheets, they should be properly prepared.
• ​0,700​​5000​ ​8​​To select the right sheet, you should also know the physical capabilities of the material, which will help distribute the load on the structure. ​0.6​​Everyone is guided by their own motives when arranging a shelter for plants. If it is used only for temporary protection against return frosts, the film is quite suitable. If there is no money to buy expensive materials, glass frames will be the way out. Well, those who are serious about growing flowers and vegetables will prefer a solid polycarbonate greenhouse. That year, cucumbers were planted late, they didn’t cover anything at all, the harvest turned out great!​If you have your own interesting examples of attaching a film to a greenhouse, share it with them in the comments.​
• with a thickness of 6 mm.
• ​This will ensure that the connections are made correctly and will facilitate the work.​
• ​1,050​

Rules for the care of polycarbonate

​2500​

• Name

The video in this article contains visual and useful nuances on this issue.​

parnik-teplitsa.ru

6 ways to fix the film on the greenhouse

Council. For greenhouses and greenhouses, spunbond with a density of at least 42 g / m2 should be used.​

Rail (an option for a frame made of wood).

In general, we close with lutrosil.

In the late 90s, when a market was actively forming in our country due to unemployment, reinforced film began to be aggressively advertised among summer residents. It was touted for its extraordinary strength and especially long service life - up to 6 years. Unlike ordinary film, reinforced and more sun-resistant, and dense, and warm. And, as it turned out, this covering material really exceeded all expectations: even today it can serve the most thrifty owners for as long as 8 years. It is only important to follow some rules: protect such a film at the folds at the points of contact with the frame, get rid of sharp corners and do not stretch it too much.​

, fastened with a distance of not less

To ensure the sealing of the channels, the protective film should be removed from both ends of the sheet by 8-10 cm. This is done to attach perforated, aluminum or sealing tape;

Rail nailed on the ends

Clamps, clips (option for a frame made of PVC pipes, fittings)

​175 kg/m2​

Greenhouse Film Fixing System

​ Cellular polycarbonate sheet

Net

Rope, harness, elastic cord

Glass for the construction of greenhouses today is used even less often than film

Eyelets and elastic cord

The greenhouse is glass, the walls are made of old KAMAZ glass, the roof is ordinary glass, it is already 30 liters, we only change some of the glass on the roof. The greenhouse is made of old doors and the roof in the form of a house is covered with a reinforced film, we bring it into the greenhouse for the winter, it has been serving for 4 years.

But the simple polyethylene film has not remained in the past either. Even though it sometimes serves only one season, it is cheap for its owners, and it copes with its functions quite well. So, the ability to transmit light even in a two-layer film is 80%. And someone even thinks that it's bad - it's much better, supposedly, that the material skips 100%. In fact, it is by no means better - with an excess of light, greenhouse plants are too elongated in growth, and then the fruits are not pleasing to the eye. But 80% is enough for the tops to be exactly what they should be. These are such tricky moments, so never discard the good old traditions and experience - they can come in handy!​

BioTeplica.com.ua

Covering material for greenhouses - what is the best way to cover your greenhouse?

Polyethylene film - is it so simple?

​600-700 mm​

​Before mounting the tape, remove the temporary adhesive on the open ends of the sheet. A sealing tape is glued along the upper edge of the sheet, and perforated along the bottom. Both sides of the panel should be treated. It is possible to carry out sealing of panels using only end profiles;​

Cellular polycarbonate is the sales leader of the modern market

Sheet thickness in mm.

Tent as a shelter: clear advantages or advertising?

When a person installs a greenhouse, he always thinks about how to cover his building. The harvest also depends on this. Everyone wants to achieve the maximum result in this matter. This article will tell you how to properly cover the greenhouse with polycarbonate. What to look for Special attention. There are many videos on this topic, but it's better when you have the opportunity to watch it right away if you forgot something, rather than watch the video several times. We have on the site suitable video if you need.​

. Perhaps the only thing that can encourage a summer resident to do this is the presence of a large number of old window frames and the desire to save money.

I always use only agrotex and eat cucumbers already in June

Glass - for the most industrious gardeners

Why do most summer residents still prefer polycarbonate? It's all about durability - you only need to build such a greenhouse once, and you won't have to think about repairs anymore. It remains only to grow and enjoy the harvest.

. These dimensions must also apply to vertical fasteners;​

Vasha-Teplitsa.ru

And what do you cover the greenhouses with? (beds with cucumbers) And what do you advise? Who has been to Agropan?

Ludmila

​Attention: With an arched structure and the location of both ends at the bottom, both edges are processed with a profile tape.

Stepan Nikolaychuk

SMERSH

​1,050​
​32​
​ 4​
​0,8​

lolok

As a rule, three material options are offered to cover the greenhouse: glass, polycarbonate and film. The film may be suitable for small greenhouse, glass and polycarbonate remain.​

Nina

Cucumbers are better under a film = lovers of moist air, others under a covering material.
Cellular polycarbonate is indeed much warmer than window panes - even with a thickness of only 8 mm, it already retains heat inside the greenhouse twice as well, and a thickness of 16 mm is comparable to triple glazing. For modern greenhouses, polycarbonate is sold exactly cellular - i.e. with cellular structure. It consists of an upper and lower layer, between which there are stiffening ribs. The sun's rays settle on the lower and top sheet, but penetrate inside the greenhouse in different directions- scattering, which is especially good for the growth of the future crop. Manufacturers of polycarbonate also claim that it blocks "hard" ultraviolet rays - those that are destructive to plants, but "useful" completely miss. Therefore, in such greenhouses, you can even sunbathe safely, without fear of getting burned - this will not happen.
​Pay special attention to the mounting side when mounting. Manufacturers, in order to protect the material during transportation, apply a layer of film on both sides of each element, such as at the Orange greenhouse. On the one hand, the film has a transparent or white color, and on the other, the film usually has a blue color, or a pattern is applied on its surface, and this side protects the room from penetration of ultraviolet rays. Before starting installation, remove the light-colored film, that is, from the bottom of the material. Protective part films, that is, the top one, can be removed after installing the elements; Proper pinching of tomatoes in a greenhouse Proper watering of tomatoes in a greenhouse

The climate in Russia is quite cool even in summer period. grow on own site a rich harvest of vegetables is possible using greenhouses from arcs with covering material. This is about middle lane Russian Federation, Volga region, Central region and Northwest Central Region. What to make arcs for such a greenhouse, and what covering material to use?

Positive traits

Shelters have a number of advantages that make their use simple and long-term. This is due to their portability, light weight and installation that anyone can handle. A greenhouse can be purchased as a ready-made kit or made independently, whether it be with arcs or not. It is used both for growing heat-loving crops in regions with temperate climate, and as a temporary shelter when planting seedlings in open ground.

Characteristic

A greenhouse under arcs with covering material can be purchased as a ready-made kit or assembled by yourself. When deciding to create a structure yourself, you should know a number of features. The arched greenhouse can have any height and width. Optimal width is the distance from 0.6 to 1.2 m. It is directly proportional to the height. Often the width and height are made the same - 1 m. Before installation, you should accurately determine the type of vegetables grown and their height, the installation site of the structure. A greenhouse made of arcs looks like in the photo.

Important! The greenhouse can be collapsible or installed on a foundation, with a service life of several years.

Material used

Arcs under the greenhouse are not installed further than 1 m from each other. It should be noted that the collapsible design has less strength. By reducing the distance between the arcs for a greenhouse in St. Petersburg, you can make it more stable and strong. The size of the arc for the planned greenhouse depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. When making arcs for a greenhouse with your own hands, you need to take into account the material used at home:

• tree branches;
• aluminum profile;
• heating pipes;
• hose and wire;
• plastic or metal pipes.

The choice of material from which do-it-yourself arcs for a greenhouse will be made remains with the owner.

Having chosen tree branches, it is worthwhile to understand that such a greenhouse made of arcs with covering material will reliably last no more than a season. The branches are interconnected and firmly fixed, they can be combined with a used hose. The bark is not removed from them. When choosing strong long branches, the structure can turn out without an arched vault, rectangular.

Important! The aluminum profile will help create a strong and robust design, which will last more than one year.

Arcs are fastened with nuts or bolts. Such a frame is lightweight, easy to attach the covering material. The disadvantage is the relatively high cost of the material.

It is easy to assemble a frame from pipes using factory couplings and fastening systems designed for them. Curvature can be a problem metal pipe for the purpose of using it as an arc on a greenhouse, which is used to fix the covering material. For this you need to have special equipment. The use of plastic blanks is much easier. They bend easily and give the frame the desired strength. The main thing is to properly fix them to the ground, using special stakes from half a meter long, made of metal or wood. The pipe is put on the resulting peg. If you try to drive plastic arcs for a greenhouse into the ground, they can be damaged or split. The larger the diameter of the pipe, the more reliable the design will be. In the presence of a wooden box, a plastic pipe can be fixed with a metal bracket to a tree.

The flexibility of plastic is also badly reflected in the strength of the structure. The plastic arc used for the greenhouse bends easily when pressed or carelessly handled. The door is best made using a wooden box, as this part is most often used. To facilitate the operation of a prefabricated greenhouse on arcs with covering material, it is used completely wooden box, to which plastic arcs for the greenhouse are attached. The use of a metal arc for a greenhouse in a PVC sheath occurs in a similar way.

Important! Making a metal frame will be difficult.

The availability of welding equipment will be one of the main conditions. Difficulties will also arise when bending the metal. It is easier to cut it and, fixing it by welding, give it the desired shape, getting a metal arc for a greenhouse in a PVC sheath.

The metal frame is often installed on a finished foundation, in which fasteners are left. You will need rods, long for the entire length of the greenhouse, and short, for making arcs. A greenhouse made of metal arcs with a covering material will be the most durable and reliable.

Greenhouse material

Covering material for a high greenhouse made of arcs must meet a number of requirements:

• be translucent;
• protect against temperature fluctuations;
• differ in strength.

The choice is made between materials:

• film coating (PVC or reinforced film);
• nonwoven material;
• polycarbonate.

The film coating for a greenhouse made of arcs with a covering material differs in its characteristics and price. Plain PVC film is inexpensive. It transmits enough light, withstands large temperature fluctuations. This material is harmless to environment, does not emit toxins that settle in the soil. Its service life is not more than one year. The disadvantage of using a film coating will be the creation of condensate inside the greenhouse, preventing the penetration of moisture and fresh air. Reinforced film has greater strength, which provides more long term use. However, it transmits light 30% less than usual, and it is also expensive. This makes it of little use for greenhouses.

Nonwovens are getting more and more popular. One of them is spunbond. It lets exactly that much heat into the greenhouse. To keep the plant comfortable, preventing it from overheating or burning out in too much sun. The ability to pass water and air makes the atmosphere inside the greenhouse with covering material the most favorable for growing, and even allows watering from above. Spunbond comes in handy to prevent crop loss due to invading birds or insects. It won't warp or crack and will last for several seasons. However, he is not able to protect the crop from excess rain. Often there is a need to additionally cover the greenhouse from above with another material - moisture-proof. The fastening of such material is similar to the fastening of the film.

Polycarbonate is often used as a covering material. It has a long service life. Its thermal insulation ability depends on the density of the material. It transmits light very well. Light weight and design ensures ease of installation. However, the cost of such material is expensive.

Important! Over time, polycarbonate, exposed to the sun and water, may crack.

Film fastening methods

There are many ways to securely fasten the film. The easiest way is with a wooden greenhouse, to which it is nailed, having previously wrapped around a special plank in several layers. This will prevent damage to the material. The metal frame should be wrapped with a white cloth or wrapped with pieces of old hoses, as it is exposed to temperatures and gets very hot. You can make holes in the metal and fix the film on the screws. The stretched film is strengthened with a cord or fishing line, which is attached with a small step from the inside and outside of the greenhouse. The arcs of plastic pipes are simply covered with a film and fixed on top in several places with a cut pipe of a slightly larger diameter. The main thing is to make the edges smooth so that they do not tear the film. On sale there are special clips for the film, which will facilitate the fastening of the covering material to the arcs of the greenhouse.

When installing from polycarbonate, it is worth protecting the ends of the sheet special devices or self-adhesive tape. Do not forget about the holes for the condensate outlet, which must be left.

Polycarbonate is attached to a metal frame using special self-tapping screws or a thermal washer. Their use will protect the shelter from the penetration of air through the attachment point. Considering that polycarbonate can expand when exposed to heat, it is not fixed very firmly, leaving room for movement. In places where the material contacts the metal, the frame is wrapped with thermal film.

What type of covering material to choose is up to the user. PVC film is the most budget option. The use of glass and polycarbonate will be more expensive, but their service life is much longer. Non-woven fiber will ensure the maintenance of a favorable microclimate in the greenhouse. Its use will allow you to rarely visit the garden and is ideal for summer residents who visit the site by accident. In addition, temporary shelters for seedlings are easier to make from a film.

Ready kits for a greenhouse

There are a number of ready-made greenhouses with sewn-in arcs mass production. The convenience of their acquisition lies in the ease of installation and the availability of detailed instructions. There is no need to search for components and their connection. Most popular models:

Dayas

It uses a sewn-in covering material and arcs made of polymer 0.20 cm thick. The length of the arc for a greenhouse is from 4 to 6 m. Special legs serve as fastening to the ground of the structure. The appearance of a greenhouse made of arcs sheathed with covering material is shown in the photo.

Snowdrop

PVC arches make the greenhouse strong enough. The length of the arc for shelter can reach 8 m. The ready-made kit contains both legs and clamping clips.

cucumber

has a design from a galvanized profile. The kit includes PVC film, screws, nuts for fastening, fixing rails, cords for fixing the film. This greenhouse can be called the highest among greenhouses made of arcs with the use of covering material.

The websites of companies producing greenhouses from arcs with covering material give detailed information on the assembly of models, including a detailed video.

Except ready-made kits for a greenhouse, available individual elements. So, the arcs used for shelter can not be made by yourself, but taken as a kit anywhere in the country.

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Very often, those who spend some time on personal plot, the question arises: how to stretch the film on a metal greenhouse? you get an expensive film, cover the greenhouse with it with your own hands and do not get the proper result. Then everyone asks the same question: why is the result of cultivation not what we would like? The answer lies in how correctly you will attach it to a metal greenhouse.

The better (and more expensive) the film, the longer the seasons it will last.

In itself, the maintenance of a metal greenhouse requires a lot of time, effort, material costs. To reduce all these costs, the greenhouse needs to be carefully looked after, in particular, you need to buy quality coating. good film can last more than one season.

This is a fairly versatile material. At first, it was used only as a means by which you can perfectly pack an item. However, further use has shown that this is a multifunctional thing. Due to its properties, it can perfectly retain heat and let in daylight. These characteristics are highly valued by gardeners, which is why it is used in greenhouses.

The film has become great alternative glass, which is fragile and expensive. This material, of course, will not allow you to use the greenhouse all year round, but in this case, you can grow seedlings on natural soil, harvest a month or two earlier than usual.

Basic rules of use

Direct contact of the film with the frame metal is not allowed.

If you decide to cover your greenhouse yourself, you should take into account some of the nuances when using a film if the main construction material is metal.

If the fasteners are made incorrectly, then the film will become bad, unusable.

There are certain rules for its use specifically for the metal structure of the greenhouse:

1. In no case should nails, wire or self-tapping screws be used, as they can cause mechanical damage and lead to damage to the entire canvas.
2. The second rule is that you need to make sure that the film does not touch the elements of the metal frame of the greenhouse. They, being under the canvas and direct rays of the sun, heat up to +70 degrees. This directly affects the film. It constantly heats up, then cools down, and this intensifies the process of its destruction. Even a very expensive film, which is designed for several seasons, in such a situation will not always last even one season. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary, before covering metal carcass, wrap it with cloth or paper. You can take the fabric not new, but the old one that you wanted to throw away.

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The main methods of attaching the film

Reliable fastening of the film will keep it from fraying by the wind.

There are two main ways to attach the film to the metal frame:

1. The method in which the clip is used. Now a large number of greenhouses that can be purchased at the store have special clips in their kit. If you make a greenhouse with your own hands, then you can make these elements yourself. For the manufacture of clamps, you need to take the usual sheet bent iron. Be sure to use rubber gaskets, then the film will last a very long time. They are a kind of fuse and do not allow the coating to come into contact with the metal clips.
2. You can stretch the coating on a metal greenhouse using a coarse mesh or a strong cord. To attach the film to the greenhouse with a cord, you must first stretch it over the frame on both sides. The cord needs to be attached in one of the lower corners, then pulled, while throwing it in a zigzag from one side to the other. These actions must be done from the inside. So the canvas will be fixed on both sides with two layers of mesh, which was formed with a cord.

When stretching the film over a metal greenhouse, do not apply excessive force, because the material will quickly deform, especially when it is windy outside or with temperature changes.