Watering radishes in open ground. Which variety is better to choose? radish care

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August sowing

If you really want to grow

Premature shooting and deterioration in the taste of root crops

• Garlic, legumes, tomatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, onions are considered good predecessors of radishes.
• ​Plant late varieties radishes from late July to August. First, the beds are prepared with the application of organic fertilizers and ash.
• When growing radishes, you need to remove all weeds in time, they deplete the land, shade the plantings, which can greatly reduce the yield.
• Mid-season summer varieties of radish include "Virovsky white", "Round red with a white tip", "Saksa". They can be sown between July 25 and August 10.​

Radishes are very hygrophilous. Optimal Humidity soil should be 80%. This is a lot, so the plant must be watered often. With rare watering, root crops become bitter. With insufficient moisture and elevated temperature the plant goes into the arrow, flowering appears. As a result, radishes do not form roots. With uneven soil moisture, the fruits crack.

​French breakfast is an early ripening variety that matures in 21-23 days. Red-crimson tubular roots with a white tip. Delicate dense pulp of slightly sharp taste.

1. In order for the radish not to "stack", it must be weeded. For this, the strongest plants are selected. 2-3 seedlings are left after 5-6 centimeters. After a few days, the strongest are selected from these seedlings, and the rest break out.
2. Radishes are fairly early ripening vegetables. It is often grown in greenhouses. But you can also do this in open ground. To do this, you need to know just a few simple rules, and even an inexperienced gardener can handle the process.
3. Late-ripening radish is somewhat different from early spring crops. Most often it is grown as

radish in summer

Radishes are often planted in the same garden with other vegetables - cucumbers, carrots and onions. Experienced summer residents they say that under such conditions, radishes are especially successful.

After that, grooves are made at a distance of 10 cm from each other. Sow the seeds at a distance of 6-8 cm, sprinkle them with peat or humus.

• Watering should be frequent, approximately every 2-3 days, and in hot weather everyday. With a lack of moisture, root crops will grow flabby and too sharp. Excess moisture is also harmful, in addition to the threat of disease development, it can lead to fruit cracking.
• There are also a number autumn varieties radish. They differ significantly from those listed above. Their growing season is longer. The fruit is quite large, up to 200 g. It is sweeter in taste. These varieties are harvested in September. These include: "Alba white", "Quantum", "Soffit", "Autumn giant", "Saratov" and a number of others.​
• Video about growing and caring for radishes
• Carmen - an early variety forms a rounded red fruit with a slightly sharp taste in 20 days.
• In order for the radish fruits to be large and juicy, it needs regular weeding. This not only removes weeds, but also loosens the soil, which has a beneficial effect on the size of the fruit. Also, this plant needs watering. In very dry soils, the fruits of the radish will be small and bitter in taste, and its ground part will begin to throw arrows. thinning this plant should begin only when the seeds in the majority germinate. This action is carried out approximately 5-7 days after sowing, when the rows are clearly visible.
• In order for the radish to fully grow and develop, it needs to prepare favorable soil. When planting radishes, it must be remembered that its soil should be as loose as possible. If such soil is not provided to this plant, then cracks will form on its fruits. That is why, before planting radishes, the soil is dug up and appropriate fertilizers are applied to it.
• re-culture after harvesting vegetables - lettuce, mustard leaf, watercress, onion on a feather, a little later - early potato and early ripe tomatoes.
• , It is possible to do this by covering the beds with a dark film or opaque

If you liked the first harvest, then leave a few strong plants for the formation of flowers and then pods. you can get yours own seeds radish. But be careful - ripe pods can crack and spill seeds. To prevent seed loss, experienced gardeners tie flower stalks with gauze.

Water the seedlings regularly so that the earth does not dry out and is not too dense. Ripe root crops are harvested towards the end of September to mid-October.

Grade "Glory"

You can sow radish seeds in winter. Agricultural technology for growing radishes will allow this. The right time to do this is in December. Dry seeds are sown in the ground, in a pre-prepared garden bed.

If the seedlings are thick, then it is necessary to thin them out, leaving one sprout per 5 cm. But, it is advisable to immediately sow the seeds at a certain distance from each other, since the delicate roots of neighboring plants are damaged during thinning.

Photograph of a radish

After the final thinning, the radish must be watered from a watering can for rooting.

An ideal option for planting this plant is super-sandy, slightly acidic soil.

Before sowing

• material, from 18:00 to 08:00. Or you need to plant weakly arrowing varieties and hybrids:
• March 30
• Since not every summer resident has a greenhouse on the site, growing radishes in open ground conditions is much more common. Seeds do not require any additional processing before planting, since they sprout well anyway. Just take aside all the small and damaged seeds - they are not suitable for us. To plant radishes in the spring, you will need to make not too deep grooves in the beds. Sand or ash can be poured into the bottom of the groove. Seed material should not be buried too deep - 1 cm will be enough.
• As you can see, growing radishes in the open field is not at all difficult, you just need to carefully study the article and a good harvest is guaranteed.

Collect root crops as they ripen selectively. The ripening period is usually indicated on the seed bag.

Radish pest: cruciferous flea.

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Growing radishes or how to get 5 kilograms per square meter

Harvesting is carried out as it ripens. If the size of the root crop has reached normal sizes, carefully pull it out and serve it to the table.

Cardinal is a mid-early hybrid that forms a rounded red root crop in 25 days. The variety is resistant to flowering. This is necessary, since during thinning the root system of the radish may be disturbed, which may not be strengthened without water. Radishes need to be watered from a watering can. On average for one square meter beds need to pour two liters of water.

​Earth fertilization:​

Plant residues are removed from the garden and, since the predecessor vegetables used a significant part

​French breakfast, White nights, Virovskiy white, Champion, Zlata, Quarta, Children's F-1, Rhodes​

You can sow radishes in a film greenhouse, and with

Radish is more convenient Post tags:

• It is recommended to plant several different varieties with different periods ripeness, then the harvest can be obtained for a longer time.
• And now about the problems affecting the radish. Like any other cultivated plant, he has his own diseases. Consider the main ones and measures to combat them.​
• Early maturity is what distinguishes radishes from other vegetables. It has a whole pantry of vitamins and minerals. These are vitamins B and C, mineral salts, fiber. This composition contributes to a good metabolism. And radish helps to increase appetite and improve digestion. And the essential and mustard oils contained in the radish give it a piquant, spicy taste.
• Red giant - mid-season variety for long-term storage. Carmine-red root crops are formed up to 3-40 days and reach a mass of up to 150 g. The ripening period is 30-40 days. White-pink dense pulp is pleasant to the taste.

Also, after planting radishes, he needs to ensure the timely application of fertilizers. Urea and mullein are used as fertilizers. You need to take one teaspoon of urea, and one glass of mullein. Five liters of the resulting solution can process 1 square meter of beds. Thanks to the introduction of these fertilizers, the development of radishes will be significantly accelerated. In order to limit the radish from the possibility of a pest attacking it, before weeding the beds, it is necessary to pour ground pepper or dry mustard in the amount of 1 teaspoon per 1 square meter.

• In order for the radish to form roots correctly, it needs to be provided optimal amount mineral fertilizers. These fertilizers include potassium salt and superphosphate.
• soil nutrients, make organic and mineral fertilizers. Approximately in this quantity: 2-3 kg of humus, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium sulfate and superphosphate, 1 teaspoon of urea per 1 m2 of beds. It is advisable to add 1/2 cup of sifted ash. The soil is dug up, leveled and furrowed.
• and others
• April 10

sow on ribbons

Mid-season varieties, as a rule, are much larger than early ones, have a better taste, are more diverse in shape, color, and better in taste.

"Black leg" is a fungal disease that infects not only radishes, but also many other crops, making it difficult to grow high-quality vegetables. The defeat is much more common in greenhouses. It appears as a darkened root neck, which gradually becomes thinner and rots.

• Radish contains many vitamins and minerals.

Octave< – среднеспелый сорт. Белый округлый корнеплод с нежной мякотью без пустот с маслянистым привкусом.​

Harvesting is carried out as it ripens. If the fruits have reached normal size, then they must be harvested. To do this, you just need to gently pull the plant by the stem.

Soil fertilization directly depends on the planting period of this plant. When fertilizing, you need to know that fresh manure adversely affects radishes. That is why it is by no means worth using it as a fertilizer.

• Gotta keep in mind

​In open ground​

- in open ground. True, at this time without a film on

, in which case it will not be necessary to thin them out. Unfortunately, there are no radishes on ribbons in sales, so it makes sense to spend winter evenings to prepare and make them yourself - this will save you a lot of time in the spring.​

It is probably not an exaggeration to say that almost every Russian summer resident

• Growing radishes in open ground is often complicated due to seedling diseases, which most often develop from excessive moisture when the plants are under the film for too long. Young sprouts may develop a black leg or rot. Sick shoots should be removed, and for prevention during the day, the film should be removed, covered only at night with a threat of frost.

What measures should be taken to avoid this disease?

• Many gardeners are confident that they know how to properly grow radishes. It seems to them that the agricultural technique of growing this vegetable is very simple. But in practice, it is not so easy to get a quality root crop. And there are a number of reasons for this. It can be bad seeds(very small or old), too dense planting, insufficient moisture, and so on. At low temperatures, radishes shoot arrows and, as a result, root crops ripen hard and tasteless.

Red giant is a late-ripening variety for long-term storage. Pink-red large, elongated cylindrical roots reach a mass of up to 300 g. White juicy pulp has a pleasant sweet-spicy taste.

Radishes can be attacked by weevils, cabbage moths, cabbage fly larvae and many others.

Crop care

Soil fertilization must be done in advance. For example, if planting radishes is planned for spring, then the soil is fertilized in autumn.​

That many late-ripening radish varieties form large root crops (up to 300 g), so they need It is profitable to grow radishes as a compacting crop of leafy vegetables. In this case, individual

arcs are indispensable. In hot weather it is necessary to arrange

How to make a ribbon with seeds

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Growing radish and its agricultural technology

grows radishes on his plot

If you are not able to open the beds every day, put small arcs, use not a film, but a special covering material that allows air to pass through.

​Most reliable means- this is, if possible, replacing the soil.

Radish: growing it right

Agrotechnics for growing radishes is quite simple. It can be grown both in the greenhouse and in the open field. And doing everything the necessary conditions right, you will reap a rich harvest.

Many gardeners are concerned about the question, does the radish sing for 18 days during the time stated in the title? Experience shows that the radish of this variety can be harvested on the 23-25th day from germination. The plant forms a root crop in 18 days under certain weather conditions and temperature.​

In order to limit the possibility of the appearance of these pests, it is necessary to sprinkle the beds with ordinary wood ash. Before planting this plant, you should not use wood ash, as it can cause arrows to appear, which will negatively affect the crop. When radishes are affected by pests, it is necessary to immediately start fighting them.

At least one bucket of manure must be applied per square meter of the area allocated for radishes, which has overgrown a large amount of nutrition. To ensure it, furrows 1.5-2 cm deep are made after 20 cm, the seeds are laid out after 10-15 cm.

Ridges are not made for him, but sown between two rows, for example lettuce. At the same time, radish seeds are sown less often, at a distance of 6 cm from each other.

Growing radishes outdoors

ventilation

. Cut strips from toilet paper, using tweezers and clerical glue, carefully glue the seeds at a distance of 5-8 cm, roll into rolls.

. No wonder - the vegetable ripens quickly, is relatively undemanding in care and gives abundant harvests. Properly choosing a radish variety, taking into account the climatic features of the region, you can enjoy delicious and extremely healthy root crops at the beginning of summer.​

Acidic soil can lead to the development of clubroot. Kila - a disease of cabbage, radish, lettuce, radish. The leaves begin to turn yellow and slowly wither without visible reasons. The plant is easily pulled out of the soil. Kila is caused by a fungus that grows on the ground. The prevention of this disease is the introduction of ash.

It is also possible to improve it with a solution of copper sulfate. For 10 l hot water bred 2 tbsp. vitriol spoons. All diseased plants must be removed. Regular airing of the greenhouse will also help. Infected soil must be treated with potassium permanganate (based on 10 liters of water 3 g), then mulched with sand. Only then can it be used to grow radishes.​

Radish is an annual plant. It can be characterized as an early ripening, moisture-loving and light-loving plant, resistant to cold weather. It belongs to the cabbage family. There are many different varieties, but the most popular include "Early Red", "Dawn", "Ruby" and "Heat". You can buy seeds of these varieties both in retail gardening stores and by ordering by mail.

All white-tipped radishes, such as 18 days, French Breakfast, should not be kept in the ground in anticipation of the root crop gaining a lot of mass. The fruits further tend to hollowness.

The choice of a place for planting this plant also plays an important role. This culture is very fond of lighting and therefore it must be planted in very well-lit places. Also, the landing site of this plant must be reliably protected from the wind.

Varieties

Winter sowing

Can be sown

through the ends of the film tunnels or by lifting the film on one side. The soil in the beds should always be moist and loose, but not waterlogged, otherwise the roots will crack.

The distance between the seeds is 5 cm, and between the rows - 10-15 cm. After the seeds are planted in the ground, the grooves should be sprinkled with earth and tamped a little so that the seeds come into contact with the ground as closely as possible. Under favorable weather conditions, radish seedlings hatch in the garden for 3-4 days. To prevent the plant from shooting arrows, do not forget to cover it with black film for a couple of hours a day.

Do you also want to “settle” radishes in your garden? Fine! Growing agrotechnics is simple - even a beginner can handle it.​

If the kila struck large plot, then in the fall you can add lime to the soil, after which it is good to dig the site.

Another disease is downy mildew. It forms a white coating on the tops, after which the leaves die off.

Problems and their prevention

​When proper cultivation radish when cut crunches and splashes with juice. Pulp without fibers and voids.

If you find a weevil beetle in the garden, then you need to spray the plant with special insecticides. Also, to prevent the appearance of this pest, you can plant garlic and onions around the garden with radishes. The cabbage moth infects the ground part of this plant, which negatively affects the crop. When this pest appears, a garden bed with radishes must be treated with antibacterial drugs.

There are three ways to grow radishes outdoors:

radish makes it possible to get early production and saving time for garden work spring.​ early ripening radish Usually early spring sown early, radish. But you can simultaneously sow 3-4 varieties with different dates.

And if there is not enough space on your site, it will be useful to use a special marker for sowing radishes, which is easy to do yourself. This is a board with dimensions of 40 * 20 * 4 cm with holes drilled in it according to the scheme 5 * 5 cm or 3.5 * 3.5 cm. Cone-shaped teeth 1 cm long are inserted into the holes on the reverse side. receive wells located from each other at an equal distance. Thus, we will have sowing not in rows, but all over - the radish grows one to one.

Radish

You should not plant the same vegetables in one place for several years, this leads to the development of diseases, as well as soil depletion.

As a preventive measure against infection with this disease, it is necessary to clean the beds and adjacent areas from plant debris. Warm up the seeds, thereby disinfecting them. Another preventive measure is thinning the beds. In the most extreme case, it is possible to use Bordeaux liquid as a spray.

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Growing radishes outdoors

​If you decide to grow radishes in a greenhouse, it is important to know that it will be a little more difficult than in the open field.​

Pictured is a radish

Cabbage fly larvae are very dangerous enemy radish. Therefore, when they appear, you must immediately begin to deal with them. When this pest appears, the bed with the plant is treated with special insecticides or wood ash.

Spring

In early autumn, they make a bed 1 m wide, the length is optional. It is more convenient if it is intended for several at once.

Together with carrots, parsley, black onions, basil, in which seeds germinate

Soil preparation for planting

maturation.

To plant radishes before winter, choose a leveled area that is not flooded in spring with thawed and groundwater. Prepare the rows by mid-October, and when the first persistent frosts occur (in November), sow radish seeds. Landings are covered with peat or humus.

Planting radish seeds in open ground

• - cold-resistant culture, demanding for an abundance of moisture and sufficient illumination. But the vegetable does not really like drought (with the exception of some heat-resistant varieties). Radish seeds germinate already at 10 °C and are able to withstand late spring frosts. In regions with a long day (more than 14 hours), the plant blooms and does not bear fruit. But this can be prevented if
• Radish leaves in a hole indicate the appearance of a cruciferous flea. Insects also infect arugula, watercress, radish, turnip, cabbage.
• Here is another fungal disease- dry rot, or phomosis. It can infect radishes at any stage of development. It appears as light spots with a black dot on the leaves, the fruits themselves and even affects the seeds. As a result, the radish dries up. Warm and humid weather is a factor in rapid spread. Young seedlings are most susceptible to infection. Preventive measures to combat phomosis include disinfection of seeds and high-quality removal of plant residues. You can disinfect the seeds by heating them.

In a greenhouse, radishes do not grow very well, shoot arrows quickly, the fruits are tougher, and it happens that when grown in a greenhouse, a root crop does not form at all. For planting radishes in a greenhouse, choose the most lit place for the beds, as radishes are very fond of sunlight. As a frost-resistant crop, when grown in a greenhouse, it requires constant temperature monitoring. To maintain the optimum temperature in the greenhouse, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the greenhouse. To decide which varieties of radishes grow best in your greenhouse, plant different ones, and then choose the ones you like the most.​

Care and watering

Method number 1

• Radishes can also be affected by diseases such as powdery mildew, blackleg, white and gray rot etc. powdery mildew appears on radish leaves as white plaque. When the first signs of the disease appear, you must immediately begin to fight it. For this purpose, both chemical and bacterial methods can be used. With a bacterial method of struggle, special preparations for spraying are used. When using a chemical method, the use of fungicides is required. Also, when this disease appears, it is necessary to without fail remove the affected leaves of the plant.
• winter
• vegetables. Depending on their number, the bed is divided into several sections, approximately 1 m2 each (for radishes, carrots, parsley, dill, black onions, etc.).

Harvesting

tight, especially if they are sown without pre-training. Such sowing is carried out as follows.

Then the following will happen: after about

For winter sowing (from December to February), deeper grooves are prepared for radishes - up to 5 cm. Snow is removed from a pre-prepared bed, and seeds are laid in the soil. Landings are carefully covered with compost or peat.

​purchase arrow-resistant hybrids​

Pests and diseases

• Cruciferous flea

  Have a rich harvest!

• And now about how to grow radishes in an open area.

  What kind of soil is needed for sowing? Radishes prefer loose, moist soils. Before you grow radishes, you need to prepare the site: dig, add rotted manure, break up clods, level the soil. It is important to remember that the plant does not tolerate fresh manure. In no case should you fertilize the land freshly. Better garden bed prepare for early radish in the fall. 1 bucket of rotted manure per 1 m2 is applied to the soil.

  When a black leg appears on a radish, it is necessary to start fighting it immediately, otherwise it will destroy not only the ground part, but also the fruits of the radish. To do this, it is necessary not to overmoisten the soil during irrigation, and also to carry out regular loosening. You can also use insecticides to control the disease. White and gray rot can occur on the tops and tops of radishes above the ground. At the first signs of this disease, it is necessary to remove the affected plants from the garden, and also treat them with special preparations.

• Winter

  Winter garden

  First, grooves are made for a long-term crop, such as carrots. Sow it through

  20 days In order to harvest radishes not only in season, but also in winter, they are often planted in heated greenhouses. According to experienced gardeners, growing radishes in a greenhouse is not a difficult task, the main thing is to comply with certain conditions - tightness of the structure, access to sunlight, good ventilation. If created in a greenhouse optimal conditions for the growth and development of radishes, you can harvest in 12-14 days. This is even earlier than the maturation of ultra-ripe varieties.​

  ​. Optimal length daylight hours, when the radish does not bloom, but uses all its strength to ripen the fruits - 10-12 hours There are special chemicals for pest control, but their disadvantage is that it will be possible to eat vegetables after processing only after a few days. Folk remedies do not get rid of fleas for a long time, but without harm to health:

  Radishes and lettuce are the most long-awaited vitamin foods on our table after a long winter. It is these crops that we try to plant first. Choose the sunniest place in your area for growing radishes, because with a lack of light, radish leaves will stretch out and the roots will be very small.

  We shed the earth well before sowing and make shallow rows. With deep embedding of seeds, the root crop changes shape. The optimal planting depth is 1 cm. Radish seeds are sown at a distance of 5 cm from each other, laid out individually. The beds are made one after another at a distance of 10 cm or more. After the seeds have been spread, close the bed and press it firmly with the palm of your hand so that the soil is more in contact with the seeds. So they will grow faster. Under good weather conditions, seedlings appear in 3-4 days. So that the radish sown in April grows good and juicy, From 5 pm until morning, cover the crops with a film.

Growing radishes in the open field is a fairly simple process, which consists in sowing, caring for and controlling pests and diseases.

The winter method of planting this plant is to sow seeds in the month of November. In the event that at this moment the ground is frozen, then dry seeds must be sown in the ground. After sowing the radish seeds, they are covered with humus. This method of planting this plant requires the choice of a southern or southeastern site. Also, when planting radishes in the winter period, you need to pay attention to autumn period the place was not flooded with melting waters.

definitely fertilize. For digging, 0.5 buckets of humus or decomposed compost are brought in, 1 tbsp.

• 20 cm
• After germination, you can enjoy
• Radishes in a greenhouse are sown to a depth of 1 cm, with a distance between seeds of 3-4 cm. Leave a little more space between rows - 8-10 cm. It is better to follow this planting pattern, otherwise you will often need to thin out and loosen the soil.

You can sow radishes in open beds, in greenhouses, grow them on a windowsill or loggia throughout the year.​

​Method 1:​

First vegetables after a long winter

Planting radishes is possible with seeds in holes the size of a finger, at a short distance from each other.

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How to grow radishes in the open field and greenhouse | Day of the summer resident

In order to get seedlings of radish not two weeks earlier than during spring planting, it is planted in winter. A spoonful of potassium sulfate and double superphosphate per 1 m2. Separate mineral fertilizers can be replaced with the same amount of complex fertilizers (mortar, Kemira-universal, growth 2, crop, vegetable or garden mixture). But humus cannot be replaced with fresh manure, radish does not tolerate it, and seeds

salad with French breakfast, later

The first shoots of radishes will appear in a couple of days. During this period, do not forget to thin out the plantings. For normal growth of root crops, try to maintain a temperature of 16-17 ° C in the greenhouse. It also does not hurt to control the level of soil heating - the temperature should be kept within 11-14 ° C. So, how to plant radishes? What care will a vegetable need for a bountiful harvest? Dilute 2 tbsp in a bucket of water. tablespoons of acetic acid, pour leaves from a watering can, wetting them well. The pungent smell will drive away insects. Let's start growing radishes in the open field in early spring when the earth thaws a couple of centimeters.

Probably everyone knows that radish is the so-called culture " short day”, It will be correct to sow its seeds in early spring or late August. Agrotechnics recommends that in order to obtain high-quality root crops in the middle of summer, do not be too lazy and cover the radish in the evening with a material that does not transmit light. Thus, you will artificially create the impression of a “short day”, and the result will not be long in coming.​

Method number 2

Terms of planting radishes in the country

Radishes are quite cold-resistant culture. It withstands frosts down to -2 0C. Optimum temperature for growth +18 0C. Consider everything possible options sowing.​

When using this planting method, the beds are prepared since the fall. To do this, grooves are cut, the width of which is five centimeters. During a snowy winter, snow is removed from the beds before planting radishes. Seeds are sown in the prepared grooves, and on top they are covered with peat. Then fertilized and dug up Radishes of early ripening varieties are laid out in the same furrows through 10 days The very first sowing of radishes

Sowing radishes, since many of its varieties ripen in an extremely short time, can be carried out in several terms. Providing plants optimal care, you will collect ripe vegetables from the garden for a whole season in a row. At what time is radish sown in the country? Method 2:

The plot of land where you want to plant a radish is covered with a film, left to warm up for several days. The radish tolerates low temperatures well, the seeds begin to germinate, even if it is only 3-4 degrees at night. BUT mature plant able to withstand frosts down to -4 degrees.

Preparing the soil for planting radishes

How to grow radishes when places are personal plot very little? For restricted areas good results gives the use of a special marker.​

In open ground, radishes begin to be sown from late April - early May. So that the vegetable is always on your table, sow the seeds in parts with an interval of 10-20 days. Radishes can be sown virtually all summer, with the exception of June. Why? Let's find out now.

The most commonly used when planting this plant is the spring method:

The bed is loosened, leveled and cut furrows

Planting radishes in open ground

25-30 cm

It’s time to pull out, we produce in a spring-summer greenhouse covered with glass. You can sow radishes in it in March. They throw it on the bed The first sowing is carried out, as a rule, or

A head of garlic is crushed, poured with a liter of water, left overnight. In the morning, the infusion is filtered, diluted with 5 liters cold water and spray the leaves of plants with it. But the heat can ruin everything, the seedlings will bloom, and the root crops will be flabby, too sharp, not tasty.

As recommended by agricultural technology, it is better to grow radishes in fertile sandy or loamy soil, and cultivated peat soils are also suitable. Another piece of advice given by agricultural technology is that it is better to plant radishes in the ground where cucumbers, potatoes or cabbage grew before. It is advisable to fertilize the bed for sowing radishes with humus or compost at the rate of one bucket per square meter. The best mineral fertilizer for growing radishes there will be a "garden mix". The height of the beds is not more than 10-12 centimeters. The sowing depth of radish seeds is approximately 1-2 centimeters. After seed germination, the radish must be thinned out, leaving the strongest specimens, keeping a distance of 5 cm between them.

On the board, teeth are made to a depth of 1 cm according to the 5x5 pattern. Thus, 400 seeds are placed per 1 m2. It turns out a continuous sowing, not in rows. The radish grows one by one. The soil before sowing should be moist, uniform and without lumps. If the area is skewed, then the teeth will not leave prints.

Video about growing radishes

Radishes are planted after the retreat of the winter cold.

Planting radishes in a greenhouse

After 15 cm, 3.5-4 cm deep.

radish Heat

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How and when to sow radishes, spring-summer, winter sowing of radishes

A layer of snow of 2-3 cm and directly on it, sowing dry seeds is carried out randomly. With the snow melting, the seeds are drawn into the ground and begin to develop rapidly. Before winter

​Method 3:​

What radishes are really demanding on is light. Long daylight hours with bright sunshine are essential for an early harvest. Therefore, spring is right time for planting early varieties of radishes (read more about varieties here).​​Now let's talk about how to properly water radishes. The root system of the radish is very poorly developed, so it is necessary to monitor the moisture content of the soil, especially when the root crop begins to form. It is correct to water the radish once every 2-3 days, but if the weather is very hot, then every day. We put the marker on the soil and walk on it, pressing it into the ground. The marker leaves holes. We beat off the land that has stuck to it. Even holes are formed in which we lay out the seeds, cover with earth and press with the palm of our hand. With such sowing, up to 5 kg of crop can be obtained from 1 m2.

June has the longest days. The optimal length of daylight hours for the normal development of root crops is 8-10 hours. If the length of the day increases to 14 hours, the plant begins to move from development to reproduction. The radish will go into the arrow, will not give root crops or they will be very small and hard.

Radishes are planted directly in open ground. Prepared

The radish is fast growing and marks the rows (that's why it's called "beacon crop"). At the same time, the soil can be loosened until the emergence of carrot shoots, this is only

, and also through

Leaves are pollinated with fine tobacco, sometimes fine road dust is used. To do this, take two layers of gauze, pour in the powder, tie it in a knot and shake it over the plants. How to grow radishes in the open field in the country to get an early harvest? For this, the beds should be prepared in the fall. The earth is carefully dug up, brought organic fertilizers, ash. Every gardener knows about the precocity of radishes. Radish ripens in about 20-30 days. Its seeds germinate easily at a temperature of about 4-5 degrees and even withstand minus temperature(up to -5 degrees).​ Photograph of a seeder for sowing radishes Early varieties have time to ripen before the onset of long days. Sowing late-ripening varieties does not make sense. They do not have time to gain mass and go to the arrow. To get a decent harvest, you need to choose the right variety that will not fade in color from the summer heat, or provide shading at the planting site. If it is impossible to create such conditions on the site, then it is better to continue growing radishes in mid-July - September, when daylight hours begin to wane. In this case, the radish does not shoot, the fruits grow large and tasty. You can still sow radishes before winter, but we will talk about a little later.

Planting time for radishes spring period directly depends on the characteristics of the region.​ The bed is covered with foil Contributes to the rapid germination of their seeds.

Sowing early-ripening varieties of radish

10 days

pour hot water on the ground

​at the very beginning of spring​​Pest control folk remedies has the main drawback - after rain or watering, the treatment must be repeated. The bed can be covered with a dark film before winter, then warming it up in the spring will be much faster.

Ideal for growing radishes is a temperature of about +20 degrees. Watch the color of the tops of the radish. If it grows very slowly and acquires a light green color, then it is necessary to apply fertilizer. You can dilute one teaspoon of urea and a glass of mullein in a 10-liter bucket of water and pour the radish beds with this solution at the rate of 5 liters per square meter. Method number 3 (winter sowing) Photograph of a radish The most common planting of radishes is from late April to early May., fix it with bricks or boards so as not to be blown away by the wind. Then Radishes grow quickly and are ready to eat in 20-25 days in time for okroshka ​,​ . It is believed that planting radishes in the spring gives the highest yields, because during this period pests and rodents have not yet woken up in the garden, and it is not too hot outside, in general, all the optimal conditions for growing radishes have been created. By the time of harvest, it is advisable to already prepare the next garden bed in order to have time to get a second crop before the onset of hot days.

autumn radish To plant seeds, grooves are made at a distance of 10 cm with a depth of 3-4 cm. Seeds are sown 2-3 cm apart, sprinkled with humus or peat with a layer of 1.5-2 cm.

​Do not be late with the harvest of radishes, because if they overripe, they will lose their taste qualities and become tough. How to properly store radishes plastic bags in the fridge. It must first be cleaned of tops.

Sowing and growing radishes in summer

When sowing radishes before winter, choose flat area with light sandy or sandy loamy soils with a slope to the south or southeast. The area must not be flooded. spring waters. Rows are cut in the second half of October. With the onset of stable frosts, sowing with dry seeds begins. Most the best time from 5 to 20 November. Seeds are covered with peat or humus. So, we decided on the sowing dates. Now we will decide which varieties we will sow. In the spring, early radishes are sown Early red and 18 days>. There are many varieties that are designed specifically for summer sowing. They will take longer to grow but produce larger root crops such as Octave, Red Giant and Red Giant. Already in early September, you will receive the first juicy fruits. Some late-ripening varieties, such as the Red Giant, can be stored in the cellar for up to 2 months. Planting radishes is carried out only when a long-term temperature is set at +15 degrees. At the same time, the night temperature should not be lower than +5 degrees.​

They store dry sifted soil or peat for mulching crops (a bucket or more, depending on the length of the bed), and carrots are just beginning to form the first true leaves. As a rule, with compacted sowing, radishes are harvested for Dungan

Press the seeds to a depth of 2-2.5 cm, sow no more than 5 cm, powder with peat on top. Second sowing

There is very little information about how to grow radishes outdoors in the fall. It is believed that autumn various vegetables, there is no need to grow this crop.

You can use a marker. This is a board to which small pins are nailed with a distance of 6x6 cm. Holes are made with a marker 2 cm deep, then the seeds are laid out, sprinkling them with fine peat. Now let's take a closer look various varieties radish. Early spring varieties of radishes include such popular varieties among gardeners as Zarya, Heat, Virovsky Red, Early Red, Rubin. All these varieties are of domestic selection. Of the foreign varieties, one can single out the varieties "Rhodes", "French Breakfast", "Vera", "Korund". Sow different varieties, and then choose the ones you like for annual planting. ​Method # 4 (winter sowing)

The most popular varieties

Before planting seeds, the beds are dug up and grooves are made in them. With the onset of stable frosty weather One take.

. Thus, with one sowing, you will have fresh radishes for almost a month.​ Good greenhouse soils radish can be carried out towards the end of May (in extreme cases - in the first days of June). But in order for the plant not to shoot arrows, it will take extra care for landings - they need to be covered with a dark film at a certain time of the day, reducing the length of daylight hours for them.

However, late radish varieties have a number of advantages over early ripe ones:

Some gardeners have adapted instead of a marker Plastic container from eggs, which are also convenient to make holes for planting.

Radish varieties: 1- "French radish", 2- "faith" (round radish shape), 3 "white radish". Winter sowing in December-February directly into frozen soil ensures early germination and a harvest 2 weeks earlier than in spring. Ridges are prepared in October. Grooves are cut with a depth of 4-5 cm. In winter, snow is removed from the ridges, the seeds are laid out and covered with compost or peat to a depth of 2 cm.

How to sow late-ripening radishes in summer, in August

The distance between the grooves should be at least twenty centimeters. in November - early December they start sowing

​Last season planting​

Extend term For radishes are: a mixture of soddy land and humus (1:2), soddy land and peat (1:1), compost and peat (1:1).

Third planting date for radishes

large size up to 15-20 cm The bed is carefully watered, covered with snatch material or film. The first shoots are afraid of low temperatures, when they get a little stronger, the film can be removed.

For each season, agricultural technology provides for its own terms and conditions for planting.

18 days - an ultra-early early ripening variety forms an elongated-cylindrical root crop weighing up to 17 g with pink top and white tail. White, dense pulp has a slightly spicy taste.

Planting seeds can be done in whole handfuls. Crops are dug and abundantly moistened.

How to sow radish podzima, podzimny sowing radish

. Sweep snow from the garden radish - in mid-August. As a rule, late-ripening varieties are sown at this time for

The use of radishes can also be repeated crops. The appearance of 2-3 true leaves on plants -​

Airing the greenhouse during the day, the air temperature is maintained at 15-18 ° C, at night it should be 8-10 ° C.

the first weeks of July. In this case, you will also need to stock up on black film to cover the radish seedlings. The last sowing can be done from late August to early September. By choosing fast-ripening varieties, you can still harvest root crops before the first frost. In this case, radish plantings require minimal care, since there is no strong heat, and daylight hours have decreased. To avoid damage to the vegetable, plant radish seeds in greenhouses. By this time, they are just freed from tomatoes and cucumbers. The taste is much better, due to the long aging period of 45-70 days

Proper care is the key to a good harvest

Thus, the agricultural technology of growing radishes recommends sowing early spring varieties in a greenhouse, starting from March 30 to April 10. And by the May holidays, the growing process will be completed, and beautiful and appetizing radish roots will flaunt on your table. Proper cultivation of radishes requires compliance with certain rules. After sowing, the radish is watered every day. Parched upper layer soil - death for young shoots. You also need to regularly weed and loosen the earth. To facilitate care, mulch is placed on moist soil with a layer of up to 2 cm. Humus or peat is taken as mulch. Remove weeds regularly. Heat - early ripe variety, ripening for 18-20 days from shoots. A rounded red-raspberry root crop with a slightly spicy taste has a juicy tender pulp.

If it becomes necessary to sprout a few days earlier, the planting site of this plant is covered with a film. The first shoots of radishes appear after five days. Most often used for planting radishes a large number of seeds, so the first shoots appear crowded. Remove the cover and lay out selected dry seeds of early ripening radish in furrows at a distance of 3-4 cm. Other vegetables are sown at the same time in accordance with their requirements. After sowing, the furrows are sprinkled with dry earth or peat, compacted and covered with snow. Autumn and winter consumption. However, early ripening varieties of radishes also work well, but they are not stored for a long time and are intended for quick consumption.

signal for a new planting. Usually repeated crops continue until mid-May. Then a long daylight hours are set, and it makes no sense to sow radishes because Low quality root crops formed by flowering plants.

With more high temperature there is an increased growth of leaves to the detriment of root crops. But also too low temperature causes Radishes are not too picky about the soil, but they especially love loose, neutral, organic-rich soil. But sandy soils are not the most the best way for growing radishes. But the situation can be corrected if, when digging the site, humus is added to the ground (up to 3 kg / m2). Start preparing the beds for planting crops in advance - better in the fall. During this period, the site should be fertilized with minerals (superphosphate and potassium chloride). Also, do not forget to loosen the soil and clean it of debris. In this state, the beds can be left until next spring. With the onset of heat, the site loosens again, and ridges are created for planting (width - 1 m). If the land is depleted by previous crops, then the soil is fertilized with compost. Long shelf life.

Gardener 24

The very first vegetable that grows in the garden is the radish. This healthy root vegetable is full of vitamins that you miss so much during the long winter months. How to plant it so that in May you can use it in fresh straight from the garden?

Radish is one-year-old and two-year-old. In the gardens of Russian summer residents, an annual plant grows, in which both root crops and seeds ripen in one season. BUT biennial plant grows mainly in Asia, it gives seeds only for the second season.

This article talks about the usual annual radish, which does not grow in the garden only at the laziest summer resident. And gardeners with extensive experience manage to grow four to five crops of this root crop per season.

It should be remembered that radishes ripen extremely quickly, and after picking it, the garden bed will remain empty for almost the entire summer. Therefore, it is necessary to think in advance about what to plant after this root crop.

Usually, after radishes, those vegetables or herbs that ripen quickly are planted. It can be any leafy greens, Chinese cabbage etc. Sometimes they make mixed beds - radishes are planted between rows among those vegetable crops that grow and develop for a long time, and their harvest is not harvested until August.

Good neighbors for radishes in this case would be:

• onion;
• ordinary cabbage;
• carrot;
• seedlings of cucumbers or tomatoes.

By the time the main crops have grown, the radishes will have been harvested.

This root crop is resistant to cold, grows quickly, loves sunny places and abundant watering. To receive good harvests radishes, you need to know some subtleties in planting and growing.

Preparing a place for planting radishes

Prepare beds for it garden plant it is necessary in the fall - they need to be raised above the level of the plot by 10 - 15 cm and humus or compost should be added, but in moderation. Otherwise the plant will go into the tops, and the radish itself will be small and frail.

In the first decade of March, you can cover plastic wrap beds on which radishes will be planted. In this case, the snow under the film will quickly melt, and the earth will begin to warm up. Usually, already in late March - early April, you can plant radishes under the film and enjoy the early harvest of this root crop.

If there is a desire to plant radishes on the site several times during the season, then for the second or third time it is better to choose for this vegetable crop a place in the shade - for the ripening of the root crop does not need a long daylight hours.

Usually they plant radishes in two rows in the garden. To do this, it is enough to draw a pair of parallel grooves at a distance of 4–5 cm from each other with a sharp angle of the chopper. And at a distance of 20 cm, a couple of such grooves are carried out. Usually 3 - 4 such rows are enough. Radish seeds are sown in these grooves (preferably in a checkerboard pattern). In this case, each radish bush will not interfere with the growth of another, the seedlings will not need thinning. And it will be easier to fight weeds.

The preparation of the soil for growing radishes must be approached extremely demandingly. It should be very fertile loose drained, weed-free soil, loamy or sandy loam. On heavy, dense sandy and gravelly soils, radishes grow extremely poorly. In such soils, rotted manure is introduced before sowing the seeds.

Observe, in the area where root crops and cabbage grew, it is better not to plant radishes. The best predecessors are tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplant, peppers.

Fertilize the soil nitrogen fertilizers(20-25 g per 1 sq. m), but remember that its excess will contribute to the formation of voids in the pulp of the radish and the rapid decay of the root crop.

In autumn, carry out deep plowing on the selected area, apply ½ bucket per 1 sq. m. humus with 40-50 g of superphosphate and potassium salt 15-20 g. Level with a rake.

Planting radishes in open ground

In the spring, before sowing seeds, the soil is loosened. From April 10, early and early radishes are planted. mid-season varieties(Hothouse Gribovsky, Rubin, Early Red, Dawn, Yasochka and Saks). From August 1 to August 10, late-ripening varieties are sown.

For planting in open ground, choose the weather is wet and cool. If there is a drought, then do not expect a rich harvest. The place should be well lit and ventilated; radishes do not grow well in the shade. When planting in July, choose an area with little shade.

Prepare ridges up to 1.4 m wide on the site, leave a distance of 40-50 cm between them for the convenience of caring for plants, make grooves at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other. Soak the seeds 12 hours before planting, sow to a depth of 1.5-2 cm at a distance of 2-3 cm, at the rate of 2 g per 1 sq. m, germination begins in 4-5 days. Radish develops well at a temperature of 16-20°C. For early sowing, prepare film shelters, which are best made in an arcuate shape 40-50 cm high from the ground.

Approximate dates for sowing radish seeds for cultivation from early summer to late autumn: April 20, May 10, June 1 and 20, July 10, August 1 and 20.

Regularly weed, thin out and water in dry weather as needed. If you do not monitor the condition of the soil, then the plants will quickly begin to throw out an arrow. Thinning is carried out when the seeds have sprouted en masse and you will see rows, about 5-7 days after sowing, the distance between plants should be 4-5 cm.

Radishes are watered from a watering can (2 liters of water per 1 sq. M) every 2-3 days, in dry hot weather every day. After weathering the soil between rows, sprinkle with mustard or ground pepper (1 tsp per 1 sq. M) to combat cruciferous fleas, and then loosen.

If the development of the plant is weak, then carry out top dressing: for a bucket of water 1 tsp. urea and 1 glass of mullein at the rate of 4-5 liters of solution per 1 sq.m.

When to collect radishes from the beds and store them

If the root crop is not harvested in time, then its flesh will become coarse and unsuitable for eating. Dig up the root crops, shake them off the ground, cut off the tops and place them in plastic perforated bags (no more than 2 kg per bag). Store radishes in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2-3 ° C, late-ripening varieties in a cold cellar.

To make the radish large and tasty, you need to observe some nuances when growing it, which will be discussed in the next video.

Radish is one of the early vegetables, the first harvest of which can be harvested in the spring to make up for the deficiency of substances necessary for the body after winter beriberi. The culture is distinguished by precocity and unpretentious care. During the season, it is possible to grow several harvests of radishes in the open field. And so that she is always on the table in the summer, it is necessary correct selection varieties and planting seeds at several times.

Description: varieties and varieties of culture

Radishes are mostly annual crops. But there are also biennial varieties of this vegetable. Radish fruits are usually red on the outside, but white and juicy on the inside. But the color of the skin can be different - white, yellow, purple, pink. The radish is also distinguished by the shape of the root crop, which can be round, elliptical or cylindrical. Conventionally, the following groups are distinguished by varieties:

1. Ultra early or early ripening - ripen in 18-20 days. Famous ones include such as "18 days" and "First-born";
2. Early - ripening period 20-30 days. Popular varieties - "Saksa", "Carmen", "French Breakfast", "Heat";
3. Mid-season - you can get a radish crop in 30-35 days. In this group, "Duro" can be called one of the most popular among gardeners;
4. Late - ripen in 36-45 days. "Red Giant", "Champion", "Ice Icicle" are popular high-yielding varieties.

Attention! When growing radishes in open ground, you need to adhere to the timing of planting seeds, depending on the variety of crop. Planting early radishes is best done in the spring, and medium-term planting in the summer. For late-ripening, the first decade of August is more suitable.

Planting a plant

For planting seeds in open ground, it is preferable to choose places well lit by the sun, protected from the winds. Slightly shady areas are also acceptable for growing crops during the summer, when daylight hours are long. For the most favorable development, this crop needs about 10 hours of daylight, otherwise the growth of the root crop slows down in the radish, and an arrow quickly forms, especially in hot weather.

Loose and light soils are optimal for planting radishes. Preferably neutral or slightly acidic. If the soil is too acidic, then you need to lime it before planting this vegetable. Radish grows well in loamy soils. Its cultivation is also acceptable in sandy ones, but more frequent watering is needed here.

radish shoots

You can plant radishes in the soil early enough, when the ground thaws and warms up to about 15 degrees. A bed for spring planting it is better to prepare crops in the fall by digging up the soil along with compost, manure or humus. Then in the spring you only need to loosen the earth or dig it shallowly. It is better to soak the seeds for a day before planting in open ground so that they swell. They are sown in furrows about 1-2 cm deep with a distance between them of about 5 cm or a little more. The distance between the rows of radishes is preferably about 10-15 cm, otherwise it will not have enough space.

Features of care

Growing radishes is not too difficult, but it still requires some care. Otherwise, you should not count on a rich harvest. And all work in the care of radishes must be carried out in a timely manner. When planting seeds in early spring, when frosts are still possible, care must be taken to protect young seedlings so that they do not die. To do this, a bed with still fragile seedlings can be covered with a film or special material.

Care for this vegetable when grown outdoors consists of:

• regular watering;
• weeding from weeds;
• loosening between rows;
• thinning seedlings.

Care consists in loosening the soil, watering and fertilizing

Watering plants requires special attention. It should be fairly frequent and plentiful. In dry weather, it is better to water the seedlings even 2 times a day in order to prevent the land from drying out. If there is not enough moisture in the soil, then this leads to the appearance of bitterness in the root crop. From the lack of water, the radish quickly forms an arrow with a peduncle, and the process of plant reproduction starts. For better retention of moisture in the garden, mulching is carried out. But it is also not worth allowing waterlogging of the soil in the care of plants, because the fruit cracks from excess water.

Weeding beds from weeds and loosening row spacings are also important components of crop care. But it is advisable not to allow a strong overgrowth of weeds in the area where the radish is planted, since he does not like interference in the zone of his root crop. The same applies to thinning seedlings. Therefore, it is better to immediately make the landings not too thick, so that later you do not have to remove the excess. If the radish was still planted densely, then thinning should be done very carefully.

Fertilizer and top dressing of radish

It is desirable to prepare the soil in the garden, where it is planned to plant radishes, from the fall. In the spring, just before sowing the crop, you can add phosphorus and potash fertilizers or just a little wood ash. And with nitrogen fertilizers, you need to be careful not to put too much of them into the ground for radishes. Otherwise, the tops will grow too much, and the root crop will be small, elongated and oversaturated with nitrates. In sufficiently rich soils during the growing season of plants, additional fertilization is usually not required. If the land is poor, you can make one top dressing, but no more.

Advice. Radishes do not tolerate fresh manure. If you bring it into the ground just before sowing, the roots will be hollow inside.

Plant propagation

Reproduction of radish occurs by seed. With the advent of the arrow, the peduncle begins to form. After the end of flowering on the radish, you can see small pods in which the seeds will ripen. It is possible to propagate a radish of a variety you like (but not a hybrid) to take several plants with the most the best signs. After the arrow appears, dig them up, chop off the tip of the root and plant them separately. And so that they do not pollinate with other varieties, during flowering, you need to throw covering material on these plants.

Radishes are often attacked by slugs

Diseases and pests of culture

The main pest cruciferous flea. It is especially necessary to protect young seedlings from them, which insects can simply destroy. For stronger plants, these pests are no longer so terrible. Ashes are used to scare away, sprinkling plants with it. You can also spray the radish with a solution of ash with laundry soap and water. Used for these purposes and tobacco dust. Medvedka, wireworm, caterpillars, slugs are also crop pests, but they are less dangerous than fleas.

Among the dangerous diseases of radishes, bacteriosis, black leg and keel are distinguished. To understand what plants affected by these diseases look like, it is best to look at a photo of such a radish. Having done this, it will be very easy to determine the diseased plant in the future.

The combination of radish with other plants

Favorable for radishes, its combination with crops such as pumpkin, cucumbers, tomatoes, beans, beans, peas. They are good predecessors for him. It pairs well with carrots, parsnips and onions. The combination with hyssop will adversely affect him. It is undesirable to plant horseradish and cabbage after all root crops.

Growing radishes outdoors is not very difficult. Even a beginner can handle it. The main thing is to sow radishes in time and then follow some rules for caring for them.

How to grow radishes: video

Growing radishes: photo

You can start sowing radishes in the ground very early, as soon as the earth ripens and warms up by 3-4 cm (in many regions of Ukraine - in March, in central Russia - from April), and the second half of September is considered the latest for the same season. . Podzimny sowing to obtain a crop for next spring should be carried out shortly before the soil freezes, so that the seeds do not have time to sprout this year, most often in November.

By the way, at the very first early crops root crops of the same variety always grow larger than those sown, for example, in May. And in order to get fresh radishes for as long as possible, each new sowing should be done when the first real leaves unfold on the previous one.

Seed preparation

There is almost no need to cook seeds, you can just soak them for 3-4 days so that the seedlings become more friendly, but it’s better to still do something like a calibration by sifting them through a sieve with 2 mm cells and leaving the largest ones. If the seeds are dark (and in different varieties their color varies from light to dark brown), they should also be sprinkled with chalk before sowing so that it is more visible how they fall into the ground. But it is even more convenient to glue them with a paste to the paper tape in advance, and then put it in the groove - then they will probably be distributed evenly.

Sowing seeds

You can sow them in different ways - both in ribbons, and in rows, and in wide strips, or even scattered if the bed is small, but if you want the root crops to be leveled and harvested at a time, it is better to sow them under the marker. The grooves must be made in advance. Between the rows, the distance should be about 15 cm, and between the plants in them - at first only 1-2. On sandy soil, seeds should be planted to a depth of 2-2.5 cm, on heavier ones - by 1.5-2 cm. warming, how much in order to get rid of many weeds). As soon as they appear, the film must be removed immediately.

For winter sowing it is impossible to soak the seeds, as well as water the soil (it is dangerous for seeds to grow at this time). It also differs in that the grooves are made smaller (1 cm), but the mulch layer is not less than 2 cm thick, and preferably 3 cm thick. At this time, either peat or humus should be used as mulch.

If the seedlings have sprouted too densely, they will need to be thinned out after the cotyledons unfold. In varieties with small root crops, a distance of 2-3 cm can be left between plants, in especially large ones, like the Red Giant, 8-10 cm.