All about beet growing. Suitable conditions for growing beets

How to grow beets in open field- many know. But after all someone this makes the first time. And he does not realize that there are certain tricks and secrets. Unwittingly, they can make mistakes. But you can grow a wonderful crop without a greenhouse, just by following some recommendations.

The most frequently asked questions are about:

• land preparation
• seed treatment
• choice of landing method
• care needs
• top dressing
• cleaning deadlines

Let's break down each of the points in order to get a first-class harvest.

What kind of land do beets need

Fluffy and nutritious. Only not manured! Beetroot is very grateful for mineral supplements, overripe compost or green manure. And it does not tolerate fresh manure at all. When it is applied, the beets become clumsy, often get sick and shoot.

Autumn preparation includes weeding, fertilizing and digging the beds. Be sure to add chalk or lime. Beets do not like acidic soil.

You can prepare the ground in the spring. As soon as the snow melts, the soil is loosened. This will allow the weeds to sprout earlier, and you to get rid of them so that the young plantings do not suffer.

A place for planting beets should be chosen sunny. She doesn't like shadows. By the way, people say that beets grow better if they sweep over the hem of the hostess. That is, along the edges of other beds. But it is better to allocate a separate strip to it.

Directly on the day of planting, grooves are made with an improvised tool. About 5-7 cm deep. The bottom is powdered with ash. This is a good dose of potassium. Then gently rinse with water. As soon as it is absorbed - you can plant.

Advice. Landing dates in each region are individual. Focus on the temperature of the earth. It should be above +15°C.

How to plant beets

The seeding depth is about 3-4 cm. The distance between them is 8-11 cm. No more is needed. Huge root crops are spectacular, but what will you do with such a firebrand? Cook for three days? Although, if you need it for an exhibition, feel free to double the distance between the seeds.

Rows of plantings can be arranged 20 cm apart from each other. This is done for the convenience of primary weeding.

Get ready for the fact that the beets will have to be pulled apart. 2 or even 3 plants grow from one glomerulus. If this is not done, then you can forget about a good harvest.

Advice. Now the selection offers special varieties that do not require pulling. That's what they're called, singletons. Look for information on a bag of seeds.

If the seeds are simply put into the ground, then shoots appear only after 3 weeks. During this time, it may rain, the soil will be covered with a crust, and seedlings may not wait at all.

In order for the beets to sprout in 4-5 days, the seeds must first be processed and germinated. To do this, they are soaked in strong solution potassium permanganate for 3 hours. This will kill pathogenic bacteria and spores. Further, without washing, beet seeds are placed for a day in a biostimulant solution. Instructions can be found on the packaging. Be sure to ensure that the temperature of the liquid does not fall below + 20 ° C. Beets love warmth.

At the end of the term, a wide container is prepared. Clean sawdust, a cotton cloth, and paper napkins are placed at the bottom in a thin layer. Wet well clean water. Do not pour, namely moisturize! Treated beet seeds are poured on top and covered with glass or a transparent bag. Removed to a warm place.

On the second day you can check. Some of the seeds should have hatched by now. On the third, almost everything sprouts. Now you can plant.

Advice. Make sure that the substrate does not dry out. Spray it with warm water if necessary.

Seeds or seedlings

Depending on what the beets are intended for, there are two types of planting.

1. Seeds. The method is simple, allows you to get a guaranteed harvest without special efforts. The downside is that for early landing he doesn't fit.
2. seedlings. The method is more troublesome, but it helps to get an early harvest of root crops. Of the minuses: dancing with laying roots in grooves, seedlings are very capricious and painful. You can not guess with the weather, and then the survival rate will be very low.

Decide for yourself what is more important for you - to eat one beetroot in July or to collect good harvest autumn? Although, if you have rich experience, you can try. Now there is a lot of information about such experiments.

Advice. If was chosen seedling method, then never tear off the central spine when picking. It is through him that the beets receive nutrition in dry times.

What care is required for beets

Small beet plants are very weak, painful, poorly kept in the ground. Therefore, they must be protected from any misfortunes:

1. Flea attack. At the same time, small holes immediately form on tender leaves. Therefore, inspect the beets in a timely manner, if necessary, dust them with ash or spray them with insecticides.
2. Earth crust. While the plants have not yet gained a good mass of leaves, they breathe with roots. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically loosen the earth in the aisles. Just be very careful not to damage the roots!
3. weeds. They grow much faster than beet plantings and create unnecessary shade. Weeds must be mercilessly destroyed until the leaves close in rows. And there the beets will cope on their own. She just won't let the grass grow.
4. Return frosts. What if the weather forecast promised a cold snap, and your seeds have just come out into the light? No need to panic! We put temporary arcs, put on a greenhouse film and wait for the heat. In severe frosts, you can cover the top with non-woven material.

This is the main concern as long as the beets are young. After the appearance of 6-8 of this leaf, you can moderate your ardor.

Advice. In order not to run around the beet garden, looking for an insidious weed, you can simply mulch it. This will prevent future growth of weeds and will keep moisture in the ground even in the most drought.

Do I need to fertilize beets

Beets are very responsive to top dressing, so do not neglect them. It is best to use foliar, that is, on the leaves. The most suitable is green manure. Make it very easy.

Fresh nettles, dandelions, clover are stuffed into a plastic bucket to the top. In this case, it is desirable to grind everything with secateurs. Or tear with your hands into pieces about 10 cm long. A handful of dry grass is placed on top and poured with water. Leave in the sun. Get ready for a stunning "aroma". Once a day, stir with a wooden stick. After 7-9 days, a wonderful fertilizer is ready.

It is diluted with clean water in a ratio of 1 to 10. And only then beet plantings are watered. For spraying on the leaves, you need to dilute 1 to 20. The result will be noticeable the very next day. In total, 4 such top dressings are carried out per season.

They can be alternated with watering with salt water. For 10 liters of liquid 1 tsp. table salt. The amount of top dressing with salt is 2 per season.

By the way, about watering. Beets can grow without them, but then they will be woody and bitter. At the same time, she does not like waterlogging. From excessive dampness, root crops quickly become ill. Therefore, it should be watered only when the ground is dry to a depth of 10 cm or more.

About a month before harvesting, all nutritional procedures and watering are stopped. Let the roots get stronger and accumulate their sweetness. If you continue to do this until the very harvest, then the roots will not be burgundy, but red. Plus, light rings will appear in the pulp.

Advice. If you are not a supporter of organic farming, then use mineral fertilizers. Their beets are also very fond of. Only without fanaticism! Strictly follow the instructions and do not exceed the dosage.

When and how to harvest beets

The exact timing depends on the variety. As a rule, cylindrical roots ripen a month earlier than round ones. In general, it is customary to navigate by foliage. The signal for harvesting is yellowing and wilting of 4-5 lower leaves. But you still need to look at the weather. If in the near future the forecast transmits heavy rains or frost, it is better to remove the beets a few days earlier. Than then to dig in the cold mud.

How to clean? You will need a pitchfork, gloves, burlap, secateurs. Carefully dig up the root crops with a pitchfork, trying not to damage them. Shake off the ground and cut off the tops with secateurs. Petioles are left about 2 cm. Then they are laid out on burlap to dry in a barn or garage for 5 days.

Some simply spill out onto the floor without bedding. In principle, it is possible. Just burlap allows you to not dilute the dirt.

Why 5 days? Because during this time all damage or sores will appear, if they are on the beets. Such root crops cannot be stored. But they can be processed into blanks for the winter.

After the final drying, the beets can be harvested for winter storage. To do this, it is laid out in wooden or plastic boxes, then placed in a cellar or basement. Temperature +6-8°C, darkness and humidity of about 75% are ideal conditions for long-term storage of beets.

1. After pulling out the beet plantings, do not throw away the plants. If there is a free piece of land, then you can try to plant them. Caring for such plants is no different from sown. The processing is also the same. You may even get a better harvest.
2. If you do not want to experiment or there was no free land, then discard the roots, and leave the young leaves. This is an excellent vitamin supplement for salads, borscht, okroshka.
3. Water the beets by sprinkling. So the sockets are refreshed and washed. There is no harm in this. After each watering the next morning or afternoon, gently break the crust on the surface of the soil.
4. There are recommendations about winter landing beets. Allegedly for an earlier harvest. But the reviews speak of the inefficiency of this method. Semyon still will not rise before the earth warms up. What is the point of planting in advance in the winter, if you can plant it in the warmed earth in the spring?
5. If you need medium-sized root crops for preservation as a whole, then simply do not pull up the beet plantings and loosen the ground more often. Then they will be small, but fully formed.
6. One of the characteristics of beets is their elevation above the ground. Some root crops stick out 2/3 of their length. No need to convulsively spud it and close it from the sun's rays. Beets do not accumulate solanine and do not turn green. Let it stick out, enjoy.
7. Feeding beets should begin when the root crop reaches the size of a quail egg. It shouldn't be done before. The root system is too weak.

How to grow beets outdoors? As you can see, nothing complicated. Care, weeding, watering, fertilizing. And now the vinaigrette from our own harvest, and not purchased.

Video: the subtleties of planting beets in open ground

Growing Beets If you've been trying to grow a big crop of beets year after year and it still doesn't change, you may be missing something. To know for sure, read effective recommendations and implement them in your garden.

In order for beets to grow juicy and tasty, you need to follow the rules of agricultural technology. For planting, choose a well-lit place with non-acidic soil. After the seeds are sown, it's time to start care work.

Step 1. Loosen the soil on the beds with beets

Loosening the soil improves air exchange, which is so important for the development of the beet root system. It is worth starting this procedure even before the germination of the seeds in order to speed up their germination. To do this, gently loosen the soil 2-4 days after sowing, trying not to touch the sprouts. When shoots appear, start loosening the aisles. In the phase of 4-5 leaves, loosening can be carried out to a depth of up to 8 cm.

Beets do not like it when they loosen the ground near root crops, so do not touch the soil there. Hilling the beets is not necessary, because. most varieties do not grow deep, but protrude above the soil surface.

On a note. Loosen the beets throughout the season, especially after rains and watering, and the root crops will grow healthy and juicy.

Step 2. Thin out beet seedlings

The more space for one plant, the larger the root crops will grow, so be sure to thin out the seedlings. For multi-seeded varieties with 3-7 sprouts, this is done in several stages.

First thinning. 5-10 days after germination, the beets have 2 new leaves. At this time, you need to rid the bed of weak seedlings. First, the earth is watered abundantly, and then 1-5 weak sprouts are pulled out, leaving the 2 strongest ones. The pits are covered with earth and compacted.

Second thinning. Three weeks later, the sprouts grow 3 leaves, and one of the plants that looks weaker needs to be pulled out.

Important! In single-sprout varieties of beets, thinning is not necessary, and in two-seeded varieties, the first stage of the procedure is excluded.

Step 3: Water Your Beets Regularly

Summer residents who do not water the beets in the right amount may not count on a good harvest. It is thanks to the water that the beets grow tops and root crops faster. And if there is not enough moisture, it grows hard and tasteless.

Irrigation rates depend on the soil. Dry sandy requires frequent moistening, while peat and clay soils retain moisture longer. The average watering rate is 7-15 liters per 1 sq.m, but if the weather is dry, feel free to increase it to 20 liters per 1 sq.m. The main thing is to make sure that the water does not stagnate, because. it's bad for the roots.

Important! Beets should be watered when dry upper layer soil. Pour water into the aisles, avoiding the area around the roots.

As for the timing of irrigation, in June, after the start active growth, do this 2-3 times a week in small portions, taking into account the weather conditions. From August, reduce watering, and completely stop 1-2 weeks before harvesting so that the root crops are tasty and stored for a long time.

Step 4. Feed your beets

Without fertilizer, it will not be easy to get an unprecedented beet harvest, so be sure to find time for root and foliar top dressing. Liquid top dressing is best planned for mid-July, when beets are actively growing.

As a fertilizer, choose mineral preparations and rotted organics. But try not to use fresh manure - it makes the roots coarse, contributes to the accumulation of nitrates and reduces the plant's immunity to fungal diseases.

Usually three root dressings of beets are carried out per season. For convenience, we have put them in a table.

On a note. To make the beets grow sweeter, feed them with salt - 15-20 g per 10 liters of water. Watering the leaves with such a solution is carried out 2-3 times per season. Also, salt top dressing helps fight the lack of sodium, which is manifested by reddening of the leaves.

To root dressing successful, follow these simple rules:

• to apply the solution, dig grooves 3-4 cm deep in the aisles;
• carefully pour in fertilizers, taking into account the instructions for their use;
• water the aisles with clean water.

In between root dressings, spraying on the leaves is also effective. For example, using this mixture: dissolve 1/2 tsp. boric acid, 1/4 tsp iodine and 1 g of potassium permanganate in 10 liters and carefully process the leaves of the plants. The rest of the solution can be poured into the aisles.

Step 5. Protect beets from diseases and pests

If you loosened the soil and thinned seedlings in a timely manner, follow the irrigation regime and fertilize regularly, your plants already receive reliable protection. But sometimes this is not enough, and the beets become vulnerable to pest invasion. Often it is also affected by diseases, especially if the crop rotation rules were not followed, and the beets were planted after carrots or cabbage. But it is in your power to save the plants and thereby ensure a rich harvest!

You should start with prevention, for example, water the crops with solutions of fungicides that destroy pathogenic fungi. If the weather is cool and humid, also use anti-fungal drugs, otherwise the beets may get sick. downy mildew.

Important! When preparing a bed for beets, be careful - if you add too much lime to the acidic soil, the plants will be affected by scab.

No less dangerous for beets is the beet miner fly. For prevention, weed weeds and dig up the soil in the fall. And if the fly has already appeared and feasts on the leaves, use insecticides.

Step 6: Harvest and Store Beets Properly

So, you have successfully grown beetroot and are looking forward to the moment when it will be on your table. But do not rush, it is important to properly collect root crops and provide them with high-quality storage.

There are three terms for harvesting beets. Dig up early varieties already in early July, 70-80 days after germination. In August, conduct a selective digging of root crops to please loved ones with a home-made refrigerator or borscht. And in the second half of September, on a sunny day, start mass harvesting of the beet crop.

Important! If you hurry with digging, then the root crops will be stored worse and rot. And if you start harvesting too late, the plants can freeze, accumulate more nitrates and also not last long.

During harvesting, try not to damage the root crops so that they do not rot later. Dig up the soil with a garden fork, and if the soil is dry, you can carefully pull out the beets. Cut the tops at a distance of 2-3 cm from the base, leaving a stump. Do not cut the roots, you can only slightly shorten the tip. So the beets will be stored longer.

It is better to store beets in a cellar or basement. For this, boxes with sand are suitable. You can also spread the root vegetables on the potatoes in a small layer, then they will retain their juiciness longer.

On a note. It is better not to leave root crops in the garden, during the winter they will rot and become a breeding ground for bacteria and pests.

By consistently following the steps described, you will be sure that you did everything correctly. But when growing beets, do not forget to also pay attention to preparing the soil and seeds, choosing a variety. And then at the end of the season you yourself will give advice on caring for beets to your neighbors.

Fig, fig, fig tree - these are all names of the same plant, which we strongly associate with Mediterranean life. Anyone who has ever tasted fig fruits knows how delicious it is. But, in addition to a delicate sweet taste, they are also very healthy. And here is an interesting detail: it turns out that figs are completely unpretentious plant. In addition, it can be successfully grown on a plot in the middle lane or in a house - in a container.

Quite often, difficulties in growing tomato seedlings arise even in experienced summer residents. For some, all seedlings turn out to be elongated and weak, for others, they suddenly begin to fall and die. The thing is that it is difficult to maintain ideal conditions for growing seedlings in an apartment. Seedlings of any plants need to provide a lot of light, sufficient moisture and optimum temperature. What else do you need to know and observe when growing tomato seedlings in an apartment?

Delicious vinaigrette with apple and sauerkraut - a vegetarian salad of boiled and chilled, raw, pickled, salted, pickled vegetables and fruits. The name comes from a French vinegar sauce, olive oil and mustard (vinaigrette). Vinaigrette appeared in Russian cuisine not so long ago, around the beginning of the 19th century, perhaps the recipe was borrowed from Austrian or German cuisine, since the ingredients for the Austrian herring salad are very similar.

When we dreamily sort out bright bags of seeds in our hands, we are sometimes subconsciously sure that we have a prototype of the future plant. We mentally allocate a place for him in the flower garden and look forward to the cherished day of the appearance of the first bud. However, buying seeds does not always guarantee that you will eventually get the desired flower. I would like to draw attention to the reasons why the seeds may not sprout or die at the very beginning of germination.

Spring is coming, and gardeners have more work to do, and with the onset of heat, changes in the garden are happening rapidly. Buds are already beginning to swell on plants that were still sleeping yesterday, everything literally comes to life before our eyes. After a long winter, this can not but rejoice. But along with the garden, its problems come to life - pests and pathogens. Weevils, flower beetles, aphids, clasterosporiasis, maniliasis, scab, powdery mildew- the list can be very long.

Breakfast toast with avocado and egg salad is a great start to the day. The egg salad in this recipe acts as a thick sauce that is seasoned with fresh vegetables and shrimp. My egg salad quite unusual, this is a dietary version of everyone's favorite snack - with Feta cheese, Greek yogurt and red caviar. If you have time in the morning, never deny yourself the pleasure of cooking something tasty and healthy. The day should start with positive emotions!

Perhaps every woman at least once received a gift blooming orchid. It is not surprising, because such a lively bouquet looks amazing and blooms for a long time. Orchids cannot be called very difficult indoor crops to grow, but not fulfilling the main conditions for their maintenance often leads to the loss of a flower. If you are just starting to get acquainted with indoor orchids, you should find out the right answers to the main questions on growing these beautiful plants in home.

Lush cheesecakes with poppy seeds and raisins, prepared according to this recipe, are eaten in my family in the blink of an eye. Moderately sweet, plump, tender, with an appetizing crust, without excess oil, in a word, exactly the same as mother or grandmother fried in childhood. If the raisins are very sweet, then granulated sugar can not be added at all, without sugar, cheesecakes will be better fried and will never burn. Cook them in a well-heated frying pan, greased with oil, over low heat and without a lid!

Cherry tomatoes differ from their large counterparts not only in the small size of the berries. Many varieties of cherry are characterized by a unique sweet taste, which is very different from the classic tomato. Anyone who has never tasted such cherry tomatoes with their eyes closed may well decide that they are tasting some unusual exotic fruits. In this article, I will talk about five different cherry tomatoes that have the sweetest fruits of unusual colors.

I started growing annual flowers in the garden and on the balcony more than 20 years ago, but I will never forget my first petunia, which I planted in the country along the path. Only a couple of decades have passed, but one wonders how different petunias of the past are from today's many-sided hybrids! In this article, I propose to trace the history of the transformation of this flower from a simpleton into a real queen of annuals, as well as consider modern varieties of unusual colors.

Salad with spicy chicken, mushrooms, cheese and grapes - fragrant and satisfying. This dish can be served as a main dish if you are preparing a cold dinner. Cheese, nuts, mayonnaise are high-calorie foods, combined with spicy fried chicken and mushrooms, a very nutritious snack is obtained, which is refreshed by sweet and sour grapes. The chicken fillet in this recipe is marinated in a spicy mixture of ground cinnamon, turmeric and chili powder. If you like food with a spark, use hot chili.

The question is how to grow healthy seedlings, all summer residents are concerned in early spring. It seems that there are no secrets here - the main thing for fast and strong seedlings is to provide them with warmth, moisture and light. But in practice, in a city apartment or a private house, this is not so easy to do. Certainly, everyone experienced gardener there is a proven way to grow seedlings. But today we will talk about a relatively new assistant in this matter - the propagator.

The variety of tomato "Sanka" is one of the most popular in Russia. Why? The answer is simple. He is the very first to bear fruit in the garden. Tomatoes ripen when other varieties have not even faded yet. Of course, if you follow the recommendations for growing and make an effort, even a novice grower will get a rich harvest and joy from the process. And so that efforts are not in vain, we advise you to plant high-quality seeds. For example, such as seeds from TM "Agrosuccess".

Task indoor plants in the house - decorate your home with your appearance, create a special atmosphere of comfort. For this we are ready to take care of them regularly. Care is not only watering on time, although this is also important. It is necessary to create other conditions: suitable lighting, humidity and air temperature, make the correct and timely transplant. For experienced flower growers there is nothing supernatural in this. But beginners often face certain difficulties.

Tender chicken breast cutlets with champignons are easy to prepare according to this recipe with step by step photos. There is an opinion that it is difficult to cook juicy and tender cutlets from chicken breast, this is not so! Chicken meat contains practically no fat, which is why it is dry. But, if you add cream, white bread and mushrooms with onions to the chicken fillet, you get awesome tasty cutlets that both children and adults will like. In the mushroom season, try adding forest mushrooms to the minced meat.

Cabbage juice is the most useful life-giving drink that can give our body a lot of necessary and useful substances. About what useful properties of cabbage juice exist, and how to drink it correctly, we will talk in our article. Cabbage is one of the healthiest vegetable crops because it has very valuable properties. This product is tasty and nutritious, besides, it is an affordable medicine that everyone can grow in their garden. By eating cabbage, you can eliminate many health problems. Although everyone knows that due to the fiber contained in cabbage, this vegetable is difficult to digest, causing gas formation. To avoid such problems, it is more useful to drink cabbage juice, getting the same beneficial substances contained in the vegetable.

Freshly squeezed cabbage juice contains vitamin C, which increases the body's resistance to infections. Scientists have calculated that in order to satisfy daily requirement our body in vitamin C, you can eat about 200 grams of cabbage. In addition, the vegetable contains the vitamin K we need, which is responsible for the full formation of bones, as well as for blood clotting. Cabbage and, accordingly, cabbage juice contain B vitamins and a very rich set of minerals, including iron, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and other elements.

What is very pleasant for people losing weight, cabbage juice is very low in calories (25 kcal per 100 ml). This is a diet drink that will help get rid of excess weight. Cabbage juice has wound healing and hemostatic properties. It is used externally, for the treatment of burns and wounds, and for oral administration (for the treatment of ulcers). It is effective to use fresh cabbage juice to treat gastritis and ulcers. The effect is provided thanks to the vitamin U which is contained in juice. This vitamin helps cell regeneration in the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. The juice is used to treat hemorrhoids, colitis and inflammatory processes in the stomach and intestines, as well as bleeding gums.

Cabbage juice is used as an antimicrobial agent that can affect some pathogens of dangerous diseases, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Koch's bacillus and SARS. Cabbage juice is also used to treat bronchitis, in particular, it is able to thin and remove sputum. For such treatment, it is recommended to take juice with honey to enhance the healing effect. Cabbage juice is also used to restore tooth enamel, improve the condition of nails, skin and hair. With diabetes, drinking cabbage juice can prevent the appearance of skin diseases.

Cabbage juice must be introduced into the diet of those who want to lose weight, due to its low calorie content and high biological activity. At the same time, cabbage juice can be satiated very quickly without getting extra calories, besides, it prevents the conversion of carbohydrates into fat deposits. Cabbage juice is able to normalize the work of the intestines, removing bile stagnant in the body, fights constipation and helps to remove harmful substances from the body.

Since the juice contains folic acid, which helps conception and the full development of the fetus, it is useful for expectant mothers to drink it. Vitamins and minerals contained in the juice protect against infections and colds.

When drinking cabbage juice, you should follow the rules. Juice has contraindications and restrictions. The drink is able to dissolve and decompose toxins accumulated in the body, causing strong gas formation in the intestines, so you can drink it no more than three glasses a day. It is worth starting to use, starting with one and a half glasses. For the reasons listed above, cabbage juice is not recommended in the postoperative period, if the operations were performed in the abdominal cavity, and during breastfeeding, with gastritis with high acidity, with kidney diseases and problems with the pancreas.

The world we live in often affects the state of our nervous system, as it is full of various stressful situations, chronic fatigue and systematic stress. However nervous system should be constantly monitored and not overstressed. To do this, it is necessary to streamline everyday worries, for which purpose create and adhere to the correct daily routine, if necessary, attend a course of psychotherapy, yoga, auto-training and other events. But the easiest way to relax is a simple cup of herbal tea, fragrant and warm. beautiful natural remedy soothing, which gently affects the nerves, exhausted during the day, is the evening tea. Teas that relax the nervous system help to level irritability, nervous exhaustion and relax before going to bed, overcoming insomnia. We will talk about how tea calms the nervous system in our article.

Tea from the collection of fragrant herbs

To prepare this wonderful tea, you should take in equal proportions such plants as St. John's wort, peppermint, chamomile and hawthorn flowers. Grind the ingredients, then Art. l. mixture pour boiling water in a cup, and leave for 30 minutes, covered with a lid. Strain the cooled infusion and add to it. a small amount of honey. Drink sleep. This tea will easily calm the nerves, but it is recommended to drink it for no more than two months.

Lime tea

To make tea, mix in equal parts dry linden flowers and lemon balm, pouring the mixture with a glass of warm water, and boiling for about five minutes. The broth is infused for 15 minutes, filtered, a spoonful of honey is added and taken for tea drinking. If such tea is taken regularly, the nervous system will respond more calmly to various unpleasant stimuli.

Mint tea with motherwort

We mix chamomile and motherwort herb 10 g each, add chopped mint 20 g, Linden blossom, lemon balm and dried strawberries. Three tablespoons of the mixture should be poured into 1 liter of boiling water and insisted for up to 12 minutes. You need to drink the infusion during the day, if desired, add a little jam or honey. Such an infusion is intended not to completely suppress the nervous system, but only to calm it gently. Such tea should be drunk for a long time, without the risk of adverse reactions, harming health.

Simple soothing teas

We mix hop cones and valerian roots, 50 g each, then brew a dessert spoon of the mixture with boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, filter. Drink throughout the day in small portions. At night it is better to drink a whole glass of this tea. The tool quickly calms the nerves and helps in the fight against insomnia.

In equal parts, mix peppermint herb and valerian roots, then pour a dessert spoon of this mixture with boiling water, leave for half an hour and filter. We drink this tea in the morning and in the evening for half a glass. To enhance the effect, it is recommended to add a little anise or dill fruit.

Melissa, valerian root and motherwort are taken in equal proportions and brewed in a cup. Then insist and filter. You need to drink tea before eating a dessert spoon.

Drinking half a glass of tea before meals, prepared according to the recipe below, can calm the nerves and improve digestion. To prepare it, place 1 tsp in a half-liter jar. motherwort, hop cones and green tea, pour boiling water, leave for 12 minutes, strain. Add honey to taste.

Sophisticated soothing teas

Mix in equal proportions peppermint, oregano, St. John's wort and chamomile. Then we brew a dessert spoon of the collection in a cup, insist, filter and add honey. Drink this tea in a glass in the morning and before bed.

Mix in equal proportions peppermint, valerian root, hop cones, motherwort and ground rose hips. A tablespoon of the mixture should be brewed in the form of tea, insist and strain. Such depressant should be drunk throughout the day.

Calming teas for children

To prepare a soothing tea for children, you need to mix chamomile flowers, peppermint and fennel in equal parts. Then pour boiling water over a dessert spoon of the collection and hold in a steam bath for about 20 minutes, strain. This tea is recommended to be given to small children in the evening before going to bed by a teaspoon, as it can soothe, relax, normalize a healthy alternation of sleep and wakefulness.

The teas that were described in our article can calm the nervous system and normalize blood pressure. Such daily tea drinking helps to improve sleep and skin condition. medicinal plants, which are part of these teas, help eliminate dark circles under the eyes, improve vision, and improve the functioning of the stomach and intestines.

Previously, people could not imagine that a person's breakfast could consist of various crispy balls with dried fruits, cereals and milk. But nowadays, such food does not surprise anyone, because such a breakfast is very tasty, and besides, it is easy to prepare. However, such food opens up a lot of controversy and discussion, since it is important for people to know what are the benefits and harms of breakfast cereals for human health. The very concept of dry food appeared in 1863, and James Jackson introduced it. The first food was compressed bran. Even though it was not very tasty, it was a healthy meal. The Kellogg brothers supported the idea of ​​dry food already at the beginning of the twentieth century. At this time, both Americans and Europeans were embraced by the idea of ​​the right and healthy eating. At that time, the brothers produced breakfast cereals made from soaked corn kernels passed through rollers. These breakfasts were more like raw dough torn to pieces. They were helped by an accident in which this body was placed on a hot baking sheet and forgotten about it. Thus, the first dry breakfasts were obtained. This idea was taken up by many companies, and the cereal was mixed with nuts. Fruits and other products.

What are the benefits of breakfast cereals?

In the last twenty years, ordinary breakfasts, which consisted of sandwiches and cereals, began to be replaced by dry ones. The main advantage of dry food is, first of all, time saving, which is very important in our time. A full and proper breakfast in our time, few can afford. That is why the main benefit of breakfast cereals is their simple and fast cooking. These breakfasts are easy to prepare. All you have to do is pour the cereal with milk. In addition, milk can be replaced with yogurt or kefir.

During the production of dry breakfasts, all the useful substances of cereals are preserved. For example, corn flakes are saturated with vitamins A and E, while rice flakes contain amino acids that are important for our body. As part of oatmeal includes phosphorus and magnesium. But, unfortunately, not all breakfasts are good for the human body, some of them can be harmful.

Dry breakfasts include snacks, muesli, and cereals. Snacks are balls and pillows of various sizes made from rice, corn, barley, oats and rye. These cereals are steamed under high pressure, in order to preserve the maximum amount of useful trace elements and vitamins. However, with additional heat treatment, such as roasting, the product loses its benefits. When nuts, honey, fruits, chocolate are added to flakes, muesli is obtained. For the production of snacks, ground flakes, as well as various additions to them, are overcooked. More often, snacks are loved by children, so they are produced in the form of different figures. Some manufacturers add various fillings to snacks, including chocolate. However, after adding sugar and various additives to breakfasts, it will no longer be very useful. In this regard, in order to maintain health and figure, it is better to choose raw cereals or muesli with fruits and honey.

Why dry breakfasts are harmful

Snacks are the most harmful product, since more useful substances are destroyed during their preparation. One serving of such breakfasts contains only about two grams of fiber, while our body needs up to 30 grams of dietary fiber per day. It is more useful to eat raw flakes that have not undergone heat treatment. This product will fill the body necessary quantity fiber. Snacks are harmful due to frying, as they become high in calories and fatty.

It is necessary to take into account the high calorie content of dry breakfasts. For example, the calorie content of pillows with filling is about 400 calories, and chocolate balls - 380 calories. Cakes and sweets have a similar calorie content, and this is not healthy. Various additives that are part of dry breakfasts cause more harm. That is why buy raw cereal for children, without various additives. Add honey, nuts, or dried fruits to your breakfast cereal yourself and avoid foods that include sugar substitutes.

Wheat, rice and corn flakes are very easy to digest because they contain simple carbohydrates. This fills the body with energy and provides nutrition to the brain, but excessive consumption of these carbohydrates leads to excess weight.

Dry breakfasts that have undergone heat treatment are very harmful. During the cooking process, the fat or oil used in the cooking process can lead to cardiovascular problems and high cholesterol levels. The composition of breakfasts often includes flavor enhancers, baking powder and flavorings. Avoid purchasing products with such additives.

A child can be given cereal from the age of six, not earlier, since coarse fibers are difficult to digest by the children's intestines.

The pain that people can periodically feel for various reasons can destroy all the plans for the day, spoil their mood and worsen the quality of life. Pain can be of a different nature, but in order to get rid of it, people resort to the use of painkillers. However, at the same time, few people think that by using an anesthetic, we can harm our health, since each drug has side effects, which can be manifested in a single organism. However, not everyone knows that some products are able to reduce or relieve pain, while quite effectively and without exposing the body to additional risk. Of course, with the appearance of any pain, it is necessary to determine what it is associated with. Pain is a kind of signal from the body, indicating that it has problems. Therefore, in no case can one ignore pain, and sometimes it is impossible to do this, because it reminds of itself, sometimes at the most inopportune moment. In our article, we will talk about what products can relieve pain, or reduce its manifestation at least for a while.

People who have chronic diseases, which are periodically manifested by pain sensations, you can make some kind of analgesic diet to alleviate your condition. So, here are the products that can soothe the pain:

Turmeric and ginger. Ginger is a proven remedy for many diseases that can effectively deal with pain. For example, in oriental medicine, this plant is used to reduce toothache. To this end, you need to prepare a decoction of ginger and rinse the mouth with it. Pain resulting from exercise and due to intestinal disorders and ulcers can be soothed with ginger and turmeric. In addition, these plants have a positive effect on kidney health.

Parsley. This green contains essential oils capable of stimulating blood circulation in the human body, including blood supply internal organs. The use of parsley in the body increases the adaptive capacity, which accelerates healing.

Chilli. This is another pain reliever. In the course of the studies, it was found that red pepper is able to increase the pain threshold of a person. The molecules of this product activate the immune defense in the body and produce endorphins that work as an anesthetic. Traditionally, this pepper is included in the menu of peoples living in complex natural conditions and doing hard physical work.

bitter chocolate. As mentioned above, the hormone endorphin, which is also called the "hormone of happiness", is a natural pain reliever. The production of this natural pain reliever is stimulated by the consumption of chocolate. Everyone knows the peculiarity of chocolate to give pleasure, however, this product not only gives mood, but is able to relieve pain.

Whole grain products. According to some experts, the ability of products made from whole grains to relieve pain is excessively high. These products contain a lot of magnesium, and this allows you to relieve muscle pain. In addition, these products help to relieve headache because they protect the body from dehydration.

Mustard. Mustard is able to reduce headaches that arose from overwork or other causes. It is enough to eat a piece of bread spread with fresh mustard.

Cherry. It is very easy to eliminate a headache by eating a few ripe cherries.

Garlic. This is another stinging product that can relieve pain, in addition, this applies to pain resulting from various inflammations.

Citrus. These fruits have painkillers, just like other foods containing vitamin C. Citrus fruits relieve pain from various causes. In addition, these fruits act as a general tonic. Therefore, it is the first product to be transferred to patients in the hospital.

Cinnamon. Another important remedy used in the fight against various inflammations and pains. Cinnamon reduces the degree negative impact uric acid, increased content which can trigger the development of many diseases, including arthritis.

Biennial plant of the haze family; the closest related vegetables are chard and spinach. In the first year, a rosette of leaves and a root crop is formed, in the second, a stem with flowers and seeds grows.

The leaves are alternate, broad, entire, often wavy along the edges. The color is green, with red veins, with long petioles. Taproot, forming a root crop, which is located to a greater or lesser extent above the soil surface. The stem part of the plant and the root take part in the formation of the root crop.

Depending on the development of these parts, root crops of one form or another are formed: shorter, round - with the predominant growth of the stem parts of plants and longer - with the predominant growth of the root.

The plant is cross-pollinating. The flowers are bisexual, small green or whitish, arranged singly or in groups of 2-4 or more, the ovary fuses with the pericarp, resulting in the formation of multiple seeds. There are also single-seed varieties.

Nutritional value of beets

Root vegetables are mainly used for food. Sometimes root crops are planted in the ground, germinated and the resulting young leaves are used as greens in salads.

Root crops contain up to 14% carbohydrates, a lot of mineral salts, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and iron, organic acids (malic, tartaric, lactic, citric) and vitamins: except for C and B! there is vitamin PP, which helps strengthen blood vessels, vitamin U (14.6 mg%).

Beet roots are used boiled for cooking various soups, side dishes, salads. Beetroot is one of the important sources of vitamins and microelements in winter, it is widely used in diet food, its use is good for children.

Beetroot juice is recommended for anemia, constipation, liver disease, atherosclerosis, neurosis, insomnia - as a tonic, for the formation of red blood cells, improve memory, cleanse the kidneys, gallbladder and blood vessels.

Unwanted Items

Beet is able to accumulate nitrates in an amount exceeding the maximum allowable concentration by 4-18 times. This is due to the use of excess nitrogen nutrition, a lack of trace elements and violations of growth and development processes.

Another undesirable element in beet roots can be fungal toxins, disease-causing beets. These toxins can penetrate into all parts of the affected tubers, even into apparently healthy ones, and, when ingested by humans, cause serious ailments.

To prevent the accumulation of undesirable elements and obtain high-grade nutritious root crops with a maximum content nutrients a number of conditions must be met.

1. Ensure the beets are balanced mineral nutrition with enough potassium and boron.

2. Apply to the soil and apply in top dressing a complex of microelements, including boron, manganese.

3. Apply biological stimulants growth to coordinate the processes of growth and development, better based on coniferous plants.

4. Grow varieties that are resistant to the main fungal diseases of beets.

5. Apply agrotechnical and microbiological methods to prevent beet diseases during growth and storage.

6. Apply only agrotechnical methods of beet pest control.

7. With the mass development of pests, use preparations of plant or microbial origin.

Beet cultivation

Selection of varieties

The best varieties are considered with root crops of dark red or purple-red color, without light rings and coarse fibers (vascular bundles). With a decrease in the mass of root crops, the color intensity increases, and it is uniform, without rings. The color intensity is higher in more long varieties compared to round ones.

When selecting varieties, it must be remembered that varieties of the southern type, when sown in the northern regions, especially with early spring sowing, often prematurely switch to stalking (in this case, the roots are small, woody). Northern varieties never give premature stalking.

Varieties with short flat root crops ripen in 4 months, with round ones - in 4.5-5, with long ones - in 7 months or more. Varieties with flat and round root crops are common in the north and in the center of Russia, varieties with long ones - in the south. Northern varieties are characterized by a green leaf color; strongly colored leaf blade corresponds to varieties of southern origin.

New varieties released in the Central region:

Bordeaux one-seeded (VNIISSOK, VNIIR N.I. Vavilov) - mid-season, from germination to ripeness 105-120 days. The root crop is rounded, corking of the head is absent or very weak. The pulp is red. The mass of the root crop is 210-350 g. The taste is excellent. Dry matter content 17.9-19.2%, total sugar 12.2-13.1%. Yield in Central region-2.9-5.3 kg / sq. m, maximum -6 kg / sq. m.

Virovskaya one-seeded (VNIIR N.I. VAVILOV, RUSSIAN SEEDS, INTERSEED) - mid-season. From germination to ripeness 110-120 days. The root crop is rounded flat, corking of the head is absent or very weak. The pulp is red. The mass of the root crop is 150-310 g. The taste is good and excellent. Dry matter content 10.6-18.5%, total sugar 7.6-14.8%. Productivity -2.4-4.8 (maximum 6.5) kg / sq. m.

Detroit (LAHC) - mid-season. The root crop is rounded, smooth, red with a thin and very short axial root, the flesh is dark red, without rings. The mass of the root crop is 111-212 g. The taste is good. Dry matter content 17.6-20.4%, total sugar 12.3-14.2%. Productivity 3.6-6.9 kg / sq. m.

Mona (WORLD OF GARDENING) - single growth, medium early, from germination to ripeness 105 days. The root is cylindrical, red, the head is medium, slightly corky, the flesh is dark red, tender, juicy, with weak rings. The mass of the root crop is 200-330 g. The taste is good and excellent. Productivity 5.5-5.8 kg / sq. m.

Regulsky cylinder (AGRO BEST) - single-growth, medium-early, from germination to ripeness 105 days. The root is cylindrical, red, the head is medium, slightly corky, the flesh is dark red, tender, juicy, with weak rings. The mass of the root crop is 200-300 g. The taste is good and excellent. Productivity 5.5-5.8 kg / sq. m.

Russian one-seeded (SEARCH) - medium early. The root crop is flat-round, corking of the head is average. The pulp is red. The mass of the root crop is 250-450 g. The taste is good and excellent. Dry matter content 11.8-18.8%, total sugar 6.9-14.5%. Productivity -2.7-3.4 kg / sq. m.

Cylinder (AGROFIRMA MARINDA, INTERSEMYA) - mid-season - The root crop is cylindrical, dark red, 4-7 cm in diameter, even, with a small pointed tip, the head is medium-sized, flat, slightly protrudes above the soil surface, the flesh is dark red, without rings, the root crop is easily pulled out of the soil. The mass of the root crop is 250-600 g. The taste is good and excellent. Productivity 7-10 kg / sq. m.

Accommodation

Beets are best grown on flat fields with sandy or loamy soils with a deep humus layer. Table beet does not grow well on poor sandy and sandy soils, does not tolerate waterlogged, cold and acidic soils with a low content of potassium and nitrogen, prefers loose soils with a neutral or slightly alkaline soil solution. It develops well on soils saturated with mineral salts and organic matter.

On the acidic soils liming is necessary, since beets require a neutral reaction of the environment (pH = 6 - 7).

The best predecessors for her are cabbage, pumpkin and nightshade, early potatoes, cucumbers and other crops under which organic fertilizers are applied.

Soil preparation

In medium and poor areas, organic fertilizers are applied from autumn: 2-3 kg of well-rotted manure, humus, peat compost or 3-4 kg of compost, 30-40 g of phosphorus, 60-70 g of potash and 1.5-2 g of boron fertilizers per 10 sq. m.

If under the previous culture they made organic fertilizer, then only mineral fertilizer is applied: 15-20 g ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate, 15-20 g of superphosphate and 20-30 g of potassium chloride per 1 sq. m.

Sowing

Beets are more thermophilic than other root crops, so they are sown when the soil is already well warmed up (up to + 5 ... 10 ° C at a depth of 5-6 cm). Seeds sown in cold soil do not germinate for a long time, and at a soil temperature of + 15 ... 16 ° C, seedlings appear on the 5-6th day. In Central Russia, beets can be sown into the soil in mid-May.

To accelerate germination, the seeds are soaked in warm water or in a solution of trace elements (0.1 - 0.2% boric acid, 0.01% manganese sulfate or 0.005% copper sulphate, 0.05-0.1% zinc sulfate, 1% crystallin or any fertilizer mixture with trace elements).

Additional treatment of seeds with physiologically active compounds leads to an increase in the content of ascorbic acid in beets. The effect of terpenes is higher than that of gibberellins, therefore it is better to use Silk, a natural plant growth regulator from fir needles. Processing mm of beet seeds accelerates germination, enhances initial growth, increases yield, increases vitamin content. Silk can also be used at later stages of development for spraying beet crops.

Beets are grown on flat surface ribbons or on low ridges; sowing is best done with a distance between lines of 20-25 cm. Seeds are sown in grooves and planted to a depth of 2-3 cm, on light soils -4 cm.

Winter sowing. Varieties Podzimnyaya A-474, Podzimnyaya flat, Podzimnyaya incomparable, Cold-resistant are suitable for winter sowing. Sow in grooves made at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other, to a depth of 3-4 cm. Crops are mulched with peat or humus. At winter sowing get the earliest products - at the end of June, but such beets will be stored poorly.

Growing seedlings

To grow seedlings, beets are sown in greenhouses in mid-April 20-30 days before planting in the ground. You can grow seedlings in cold nurseries covered with mats at night. Beets grown from seedlings are, as a rule, larger and ripen faster.

seedling care

Beet seeds begin to germinate at + 50 ° C very slowly, shoots appear on the 14-15th day after sowing. Seedlings tolerate frosts of -2 ... 3 ° C, but root crops at this temperature are damaged and then easily rot. So early crops it is better to cover beets with a film or non-woven covering material. From the emergence of seedlings to the formation of root crops, beets need a moderate temperature (+15 ... 18 ° C), with the beginning of the formation of root crops, the need for heat increases to + 20 ... 25 ° C.

Plants need a lot of moisture during the period of seed germination, rooting of seedlings and the formation of root crops. Adult beet plants easily tolerate a temporary lack of moisture. Excess moisture delays the growth and development of plants due to lack of oxygen, increased soil acidity and lower temperatures.

Growing seedlings

When 2-3 true leaves are formed in the beet, frosts are not terrible for it, but it is desirable that the soil warms up at a depth of 5-6 cm to + 5 ... 10 ° C. Seedlings with 4-5 leaves are planted in moist soil and shaded with burdock leaves, grass, paper. The distance between lines is 20-25 cm, between plants in a row is 10-15 cm. Per 1 square. m accommodates 20 plants.

Beets are damaged by beet aphids, which live on weeds in early spring, so in May, aphid colonies must be destroyed on shrubs and weeds by spraying with a soapy solution with ash.

plant care

Beet seeds are usually concentrated in several pieces in one glomerulus, therefore, when germinating from one glomerulus, several sprouts (2, 3 or more) appear, as a result of which beets, even with rare sowing, must be thinned out. When growing single-sprout varieties, this is not required. Delayed thinning drastically reduces yields. The first thinning is carried out 5-7 days after germination at a distance of 2-3 cm. Removed plants can be transplanted into a pre-prepared garden bed, preferably by treating the roots with Kornevin or Heteroauxin for better survival.

When the plants have 4-5 leaves, the beets are thinned out again, leaving a distance between plants of 12-15 cm.

Moderate soil moisture is most favorable for beet growth, excess moisture leads to plant disease. The lack of moisture affects during seed germination and during the growth of tops: the leaves become smaller and turn bright burgundy and purple.

Loosening during the summer is carried out at least 4-5 times, and first of all after the formation of a dense crust on the soil. Simultaneously with loosening and thinning, weeds are removed.

top dressing

The first fertilizing with mineral fertilizers is carried out after the formation of 3-4 true leaves: per 1 sq. m contribute 15-20 g of potassium and 10-15 g of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers and 2 g of borax. The fertilizer solution is poured into furrows 3-4 cm deep, which are laid at a distance of 5-8 cm from the plants; for a row 8-10 m long, 10-12 liters of solution are needed. After fertilization, the groove is covered with earth.

The second top dressing is carried out 15-20 days after the first, when the root crop is formed and phosphate and potash fertilizers are important. At the second top dressing, 15-20 g of potash, 10-15 g of nitrogen fertilizers and 2-5 g of borax per 1 square meter are applied to the middle of the aisle. m.

When growing beets, especially on limy soils, it is necessary to carry out foliar top dressing with a solution of boric acid (1 g of boric acid dissolved in 4 liters of water is used for top dressing per 40 sq. M of crops).

Diseases and pests

In areas with a relatively high content of calcium and a lack of boron, beets begin to rot the heart. Young leaves stop growing, darken and die, black affected rings appear on the roots. The disease is not caused by any pathogens, but fungi can settle on the affected tissues, causing a secondary disease. In areas where the disease is noted, borax is applied at a rate of 15-20 g per 10 sq. m, and at the first signs of the disease, the plants are sprayed with a solution of boric acid and potassium permanganate (1.3 g of boric acid and 4 g of potassium permanganate are dissolved in a liter of water and used per 10 sq. m).

With a disease of cercosporosis, numerous rounded spots appear on the leaves. light color with a red-brown border. The disease spreads in damp, warm weather. When signs of cercosporosis appear, it is necessary to feed the plants with potash fertilizers and after 1-2 days treat with Agat-25K, Epin or immunocytophyte.

A sign of phomosis disease are light gray or light brown irregular shape spots with a dark purple border, leaf wilt. Then pycnidia of the fungus are formed on them - small black dots. root system plants are affected, so they are easily pulled out of the soil. Affected root crops have dry spots that develop into dry rot. Diseased plants should be removed immediately. Treat all healthy plants with Immunocytophyte or Immunofit when signs of disease appear to increase resistance to diseases.

At the end of May, you need to look at the beet plants to see if the mining fly has laid eggs.

To combat beet flea, plants are pollinated with wood ash.

When colonies of beet aphids appear, the plants are sprayed with an infusion of fresh nightshade tops, dandelion or onion peel.

Harvesting

It is advisable to harvest the beets before frost, but not too early. The solid color of the root without light rings, characteristic of the variety, appears at full ripening. In an unripe root crop, a sufficient amount of pigment may not accumulate, and in an overripe, overgrown root crop, white rings form. With the aging of beets and with a lack of moisture, the root crop becomes woody. Before harvesting, beets tolerate frosts down to -2 ° C, more low temperature can lead to damage and rotting of the root crop. To protect against cold, root crops are spudded, covering the heads with a layer of earth 5-6 cm thick.

Immediately after pulling out of the ground, the tops are cut flush with the root crops. The beets are slightly dried.

Storage

Store root crops, as a rule, in bulk in bins or in boxes with a capacity of 20-30 kg or on earthen floor stacked in pyramids. Beets keep better and longer in the sand. If there is no sand, root crops can be layered with sawdust or small chips with a moisture content of 15-20%. The best storage temperature is from +1 to +3°C.

In the room, beets are well preserved for 2-3 months. At elevated temperature she withers and dries up.

In the process of storing vegetables, the content of vitamins decreases under the action of enzymes; the lower the storage temperature, the slower this process.

Getting green in winter

Small root crops (weighing 25-40 g) of beets can be used for forcing leaves in winter. They are placed in vegetable stores or basements up to 1 m high and stored at + 1 ... 2 ° C, and in January-February they are planted in greenhouses (or in a room) close to each other. The temperature regime is like that of celery, after 25-40 days you can remove the greens, the growth of which will be about 25-40% of the initial weight of the root crops. So that there is no excess of nitrates in the resulting greenery, plants do not fertilize nitrogen fertilizers. The resulting greens are best used in salads with sour dressing (vinegar, yogurt).