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Ventilation in apartment buildings often works unsatisfactorily. Because of this, children and adults get sick, furniture gets damaged, and they become covered with fungus. building structures. Neither air purifiers nor household air conditioners solve the problem. For air hygiene in rooms, it is necessary to organize air exchange. Not every family can afford to install an expensive ventilation system. However, in the battle for freshness, you can often get by with little loss by adopting the simplest and most accessible technologies.

Air mass roads

In most residential apartment buildings modern construction natural (gravitational) exhaust ventilation. Fresh air enters the rooms mainly through leaks in the windows (between the sash and the frame) and from there through the undercuts interior doors moves into the corridor, and then to the ventilation grilles in the bathroom and kitchen. Along the way, the air absorbs various kinds pollution.

From apartments, polluted air enters the natural ventilation exhaust ducts, which multi-storey buildings(6 or more floors), as a rule, it is transported to warm attic, from which air is removed into the atmosphere through common house discharge shafts. In buildings up to 5 floors high, the “exhaust” usually goes directly into the atmosphere (in this case, the ventilation ducts are brought to the roof, their heads are covered with deflectors).

Natural ventilation ducts are installed in houses during the construction phase: they are made from floor-by-floor standardized concrete blocks. Each vertical of apartments can be served by two ventilation ducts, and if the bathroom and kitchen are nearby, then one is enough.

To ensure fire protection and optimal aerodynamics in most modern houses, polluted air does not enter the ventilation ducts immediately, but through satellite ducts. The source of the satellite is behind the wall ventilators in the kitchen (in the toilet, bathroom), and the outlet, connected to the general house channel, is on the floor above.

Unfortunately, gravity ventilation does not always work effectively enough. In addition, residents, wanting to squeeze more equipment they really need into their small kitchens and bathrooms, often encroach on the integrity of the ventilation ducts, although this is strictly prohibited. As a result, the functionality of the natural ventilation system is disrupted, the restoration of which becomes very difficult and costly.

Methods for organizing effective ventilation on a whole-house scale are discussed in detail in modern technical literature, for example, in the recommendations of TR ABOK-4–2004. We will limit ourselves to a review of typical apartment ventilation problems and simple technical solutions , which are easy to implement to improve air exchange.

Only fans...

The performance of natural ventilation depends on random climatic factors - wind speed and direction, indoor and outdoor air temperature, and others. For example, in winter, with a large temperature difference in the apartment and outside, a natural ventilation system can work well, but in summer its effectiveness drops sharply.

If the apartment has ordinary wooden windows(those that were installed in all residential buildings during the Soviet era), in winter, autumn and spring the ventilation efficiency of the residents is quite satisfactory, then the problem is solved with the help of one or two fans installed in the exhaust openings in the bathrooms and in the kitchen.

The most widely used fans today are those that operate on 220 V (in rooms with high humidity, fans rated at 12 V are used). Such devices are fixed in exhaust openings in discharge shafts or at the end of the air duct. Such a device can be turned on and off using a rope switch or, what happens more often, from the light switch at the entrance to the kitchen or bathroom.

However, other control methods are possible, depending on the type of ventilated room.

For example, the bathroom is the main source high humidity in the apartment. Waterproof models with a humidity sensor are often used here. Such a device turns on automatically when the level of relative humidity in the bathroom exceeds a specified limit (can be set to turn on at 60–90%), and turns off when the steam evaporates, wet surfaces dry out, evaporation slows down and the air in the room becomes drier.

Among the models with a humidity sensor, we can note Decor 300CH from Soler&Palau, CB-100 PLUS H from Cata, E-Style 100 PRO MHY (smart) from Elicent and others.

In toilets, fans with a motion sensor and a shutdown delay timer are very often used. When a person appears, such a fan automatically turns on, and after the room is empty, a timer controls the operation of the fan for a set time (2–20 minutes). At the end of the delay period, it deactivates the fan. An example is the 100/125 MA TP model from Vents.

In the kitchen, fans are used that are turned on by a signal from an external air quality sensor.

The sensor is usually a device about the size of a cigarette box, and its sensors constantly monitor indoor air quality. As soon as it worsens (the smell of cigarette smoke appears, as well as unpleasant odors), the fan is activated. After the air quality has returned to normal, the sensor automatically turns off the device with a short time delay (3–20 minutes).

An example is the Vario (Vortice) axial wall fan model with a C Smoke sensor.

Cheap fan models - consumables, be prepared to replace them after 3–6 months of continuous use. Only the highest quality devices can operate up to 30,000–40,000 hours in a row (approximately 4.5 years). If you want your apartment to be ventilated more intensively, buy a fan with a powerful motor that has a turbo function. However, here you need to know when to stop. In order not to harm others, the fan’s air output should not exceed 90–120 m 3 /h.

In addition to the fans of the listed companies, it is worth noting devices from the brands Sylavent, O. ERRE, Xpelair, Ductex, Systemair, Maico Ventilatoren, Ballu Machine as well as Arktos and Smart.

Windows+

If you were quite satisfied with the efficiency of ventilation in your apartment before installing sealed plastic windows with double-glazed windows, but after their installation you felt a lack of fresh air, the solution to the problem of home air supply may turn out to be unexpectedly simple. Set the window latches to winter ventilation mode (latch handle up and slightly to the right) or summer ventilation mode (handle up). Through the cracks formed in the window narthexes, the fresh air necessary for breathing will leak into the rooms. None additional devices and you don't need any devices.

Alas, through windows slightly open even in this way, street noise will penetrate into the house, and drafts will arise, especially dangerous for the elderly and children. If these phenomena are unacceptable, it is better to use supply air to depressurize the apartment. ventilation valves, which provide silent access to fresh air into the home and normalization of natural ventilation.

Supply ventilation valves can be installed in various places in the apartment. It could be outer wall- on the side of the window, at the height of human growth (for example, KIV-125 valves), a foamed window-wall joint (Climabox valves from KVE), a sash or impost profile of a plastic or wooden window (EMM valves from Aereco). Siegenia - Aubi offers very interesting models supply ventilation valves mounted in the gap between the end of the glass unit and window profile(“Aeromat-80”) or under window sill board("Aeroflet").

Supply ventilation valves do not consume electricity; their capacity, depending on the model, can range from 2 to 50 m 3 / h (for some models, the flow rate can be adjusted manually or automatically).

The number and location of valves is determined according to calculation. Usually they are installed in every living space, at least two valves per apartment. For example, to normalize the operation of a natural ventilation system that removes 90 m 3 /h of exhaust air from a house, it is enough to install 3-4 valves in living rooms with a capacity of 30 m 3 /h each with a pressure difference between the apartment and the street of 10 Pa.

It must be said that the better the draft in the ventilation ducts and the higher the wind pressure on the facades, the more air will flow through the supply ventilation valves into the home. Sometimes supply air there may even be too much, so the valves have to be closed. It is not recommended to place the head of the bed, especially a child’s bed, next to the valves, since in winter they give off a noticeable cold.

But in summer, in calm weather, fresh air may not enter the house at all, even if the valves are completely open. Therefore, in order to provide an apartment with fresh air (especially if it is located on the last or penultimate floor of the house), in addition to valves, it is still better to equip the exhaust openings in the kitchen and bathroom with good exhaust fans.

Overhaul or replacement?

Redevelopment carried out by a neighbor above, or a banal blockage of the satellite air duct (after long-term operation kilograms of soot are extracted from it, pieces of concrete...) often leads to the fact that the exhaust air is not removed from the apartment at all. The candle flame in front of the ventilation grilles does not even flutter. To resuscitate the ventilation system, it is often enough to contact management company, whose specialists will help you find out and eliminate the cause of the lack of traction. However, you may not be able to wait for help...

If you cannot tolerate musty air in your home, there is an option to organize an individual apartment exhaust ventilation system that discharges exhaust air from the kitchen and bathroom directly to the street, and simply install plugs on the existing exhaust ventilation openings in these rooms.

Such a system can work in constant mode or “on demand” (for example, turn on based on a signal from humidity sensors or air quality sensors in the apartment). The bottleneck of such installations is freezing of exhaust vents on the street in bitter cold. However most of For years they have been functioning without problems - if only there was electricity in the house.

First thing for normal operation the system requires access of fresh air from the street to the living quarters - bedroom, living room. If the rooms have old wooden windows, no special equipment not required. If plastic windows with a sealed porch are installed, then the air flow into living rooms, most likely, will have to be organized. For example, using the supply valves already mentioned above, mounted in through holes in the external walls.

Air exhaust from the kitchen is often achieved using a wall-mounted centrifugal exhaust fan placed over a through hole cut in external wall Houses. From the side of the house façade, the opening is closed with an exhaust ventilation grille.

A centrifugal wall fan for the kitchen should have a built-in check valve to prevent cold air from flowing into the room from the street when it is turned off. Example: fans of the CF series (Vents). In the southern regions, axial exhaust fans with automatic shutters are also used, mounted in a through hole with a diameter of 100–150 mm in window glazing. Similar devices are available on Russian market under trademarks Vortice, Sylavent, O. ERRE, Xpelair, Ductex and others.

To extract air from the bathroom and toilet - rooms that usually do not come into contact with the outer walls of the house, you will need a moisture-proof duct fan with a capacity of approximately 80-150 m 3 / h: it is usually installed in the bathroom, behind a false ceiling. With its help, moist air from the bathroom and toilet is pumped out into the street through an air duct that is moisture-resistant and sound-proof. Such an air duct must be laid through the living rooms, along the shortest path to the nearest external wall, in the space behind the hemming flow, or in the voids of the decorative lowering of the ceiling along the perimeter of the room. The air intake in the bathroom and the air duct outlet on the street are covered with ventilation grilles.

For bathrooms in an apartment, it is logical to buy a centrifugal fan with a low noise level (32–36 dB (A)), adapted for long-term operation (resource - at least 30,000–40,000 hours).

We can recommend VKP-mini (Vents) with a capacity of 80 to 176 m 3 /h. Up to 4 short air ducts can be connected to the inlet pipes of this device, and only one outlet pipe. Durable models duct fans from polymer materials, which do not care about long-term contact with moist, polluted air, produce Vortice ( model range Lineo), Cata (SMT), Panasonic (FV-12NS1), Shuft and others.

Among the manufacturers of air ducts, we note the companies DEC, Diaflex, Sodiamex. High-quality supply and exhaust ventilation grilles in wide range The companies Trox, Systemair, Halton, Swegon, IMP Klima, and Arktos have them.

No smog or smell

In modern megacities, plastic windows are often installed only to tightly isolate an apartment from the street. The air outside the windows due to the proximity to highway contaminated with hosts of the most dangerous chemical compounds. And its inhalation over time necessarily affects the health of household members...

Alas, sealing the home, as the only measure to combat smog, does not bode well for apartment residents. In a closed home, the air quickly becomes even more toxic than outside. Therefore, in addition to installing sealed windows, it is necessary to equip the home with a mechanical ventilation system.

The simplest solution is an air supply unit that thoroughly cleans the street air of contaminants and, if necessary, heats it to a comfortable +17 ºС before supplying it to the apartment. The discharge of exhaust air from the home is organized through natural exhaust ventilation channels (if they are in working condition), otherwise - using individual system apartment exhaust ventilation.

Such systems, if, of course, they are correctly designed and installed, maintain the highest level of climatic comfort in the room and do not create drafts. There are no problems with heating the supply air even in severe cold.

To organize the flow of fresh purified air into a room with an area of ​​10–30 m2, air supply units for one room, for example Marta, or other similar devices are very convenient. This installation is mounted under a window or in any other place in the room, but always on a wall bordering the street. It sucks air from the atmosphere (usually in a volume of 40 to 120 m 3 /h) through a channel drilled in the wall with a diameter of 100–150 mm, processes the flow to the required conditions, and then releases it into the room.

It is noteworthy that air handling units for one room can be installed in already finished rooms, without disturbing the interior, without spoiling the finish, and in just a few hours. In recirculation mode, the unit works as a highly efficient room air purifier.

If several rooms need street air purified from pollutants at once, it is logical to consider the possibility of installing a ventilation system based on a monoblock air handling unit. It will take air from the street, prepare it accordingly, and then supply it through a network of supply air ducts to all rooms that need it. If the house you live in has patio and the air quality there is better than at the facade facing the roadway, then it is logical to “feed” the apartment with fresh air from this environmentally more favorable air pool.

Structurally, a monoblock air handling unit for an apartment is a box assembled from thermally insulated panels; a duct or centrifugal fan is located inside the unit, electric heater air (most often single-phase, 220 V, but in some cases three-phase models at 380 V are also used), filters, as well as an automation system and other elements.

Central air supply units are installed on the loggia, but sometimes also directly in the apartment - for example, on the mezzanine, in the pantry, in the dressing room or in the corridor. Depending on the design features, they are placed behind a false ceiling, installed on the floor or on a wall, in a horizontal or vertical position.

Models with a weather-resistant body coating and sufficiently effective thermal insulation can be located outside the heated zone - on a loggia or wall of a building - just like external blocks split systems. It is only necessary to provide for the possibility of their regular maintenance(filter replacement, engine repair and other work).

To supply air to rooms, an air collector duct (main section) is often provided, from which different rooms supply air ducts of smaller diameter are separated. The network of ventilation ducts is located behind the suspended ceiling. Air distribution devices that harmonize with the interior are installed at the mouths of the supply air ducts.

After connecting to the network and starting up, the air handling unit operates in automatic mode all year round. It is only important to pay electricity bills on time and carry out maintenance.

Among the monoblock air handling units for large rooms, one can note TLP and TA-MINI from Systemair, SAU125 A from Ostberg, CAU from SHUFT, “Compact” from Arktos, “Elf” from Engineering Equipment, Fresh Air from Electrolux, GLP 125 from General Climate, KKP from VEZA, Alfa Vent from 2VV and others. Well, we have already mentioned the manufacturers of high-quality air ducts, exhaust fans and ventilation grilles above.

Material provided

The purpose of the invention of plastic windows is to provide consumers with the opportunity to use one frame instead of two, making glazing cheaper. The plastic is sealed, attractive, and easy to maintain. But every coin has two sides. After removing the tree, additional ventilation is required in the apartment with plastic windows. Otherwise, building structures and furniture will be damaged by condensation. An air conditioner or air purifier cannot solve the problem.

What happens in an apartment with plastic double-glazed windows?

Most apartments in our country are naturally ventilated. Air flow is ensured by leaks in the frames and door frames. The exhaust air flow is removed through ventilation openings in kitchens, bathrooms, and toilets. It is enough if the house has wooden doors and the integrity of the channels is not compromised.

After installing PVC windows, even with well-functioning ventilation, changes are inevitable. After the air flow stops, the duct in the kitchen or bathroom turns from exhaust into supply. The premises are filled with unpleasant odors from neighbors, humidity rises, which promotes the growth of bacteria and the formation of fungus.

Homeowners are forced to provide fresh air or organize other ventilation systems.

What functions does ventilation perform in an apartment with plastic windows?

In rooms with wooden structures To increase ventilation efficiency, fans could be installed in the exhaust ducts. In winter, they didn’t even need to be turned on due to the temperature difference.

Installing plastic windows radically changes the situation. Over time, the air inside your home can become more toxic than outside.

From simple solutions Residents have four:

• regular ventilation;
• installation of electric fans in mines;
• installation of devices for micro-ventilation;
• installation of supply valves;
• installation of compact fans.

The advantage of ventilation is that oxygen enters the premises. But in the city it is supplemented by dust, noise, and exhaust fumes. This means that this method is short-term and ineffective.

Electric fans are suitable for kitchens and bathrooms. They are installed in waste shafts and are turned on manually or automatically (when humidity increases or air quality decreases). These devices are offered by many manufacturers at different prices.

Micro-ventilation is the depressurization of plastic by installing a device into it that allows air from the street into the room. Essentially, this is the organization of cracks and the installation of devices in them, the cost of which depends on the manufacturer and configuration.

Supply valves can be installed in an external wall, in the joint between a window and a wall, in a profile, under a window board. This plastic pipes, through which the air flow from the street moves. The market offers models with different throughput, which is adjusted manually or automatically. It is better to hire a specialist to calculate the number and location of valves. To increase the efficiency of the air handling unit, you need a fan in the shaft.

Another option is exhaust fan, emitting waste air flow. It is suitable for the kitchen and can be used continuously or as needed. Check valve blocks the path of air flow from the street. Expensive models are equipped with sensors that turn on the fan at a certain level of pollution. For bathrooms and toilets, there are moisture-proof models for installation in external walls.

Parameters and composition of forced ventilation

The best option is a split system for the entire apartment on the balcony, in the closet, in the hallway. During installation, the need for maintenance and repairs must be taken into account. The structure can be placed in a wall, false ceiling, or on the floor. Airflow from the street it is supplied by a collector connected to the premises by air ducts built into suspended ceiling. The waste stream is removed from the bathroom, toilet or kitchen. After connecting to the mains, this forced ventilation in an apartment with plastic windows it works automatically all year round.

Before developing the project, the dew point and air exchange are calculated in accordance with the requirements of SNiP. If the project is developed correctly, a balance is restored that does not allow condensation to form.

The system may consist of:

• devices for forced inflow and natural exhaust;
• devices for forced inflow and electric exhaust fans;
• supply and exhaust device with recuperator;
• supply valves and.

The equipment is selected based on the characteristics of a particular apartment, preferences and financial capabilities of the customer. First, the dew point and air exchange in each room are calculated. Then the devices are selected ( supply valves with cleaning and heating, electric fans) and an air duct layout project is being developed.

Such a system is easy to set up, fully provides the required air parameters, and is practically independent of external factors.

Is it necessary to additionally ventilate a frame house?

Tightness indicators in frame house high if it is built using modern technologies. Natural ventilation works well only in winter, but reduces the temperature in the premises. At permanent residence required coercive system. The design is no different from those installed in apartments.

The type of system depends on the area and features of the house. The most economical option is natural inflow and forced outflow. But such ventilation lowers the temperature in the rooms. Therefore it is better to install expensive design, maintaining the set temperature and humidity parameters.

All of the above does not apply to a house or cottage in which people live periodically. In summer, ventilation is provided by ventilation.

With the onset of winter, most apartment owners in typical high-rise buildings are faced with the problem of proper ventilation of the room. System central heating, which is the main source of heat, often cause severe dry air. As a result, the very favorable microclimate that should contribute to comfort is not created. What kind of apartment ventilation should there be in winter and how to do it correctly so that the well-being of each family member is always excellent.

Ventilation in winter

Often, in winter time, plastic windows disrupt the very necessary air flow into the room, necessary for proper circulation. To put it simply, air from the street should come in exactly the same volume as it is removed from the apartment through the exhaust vents of the kitchen and bathroom. In summer, even with installed plastic double glazed windows, this can be easily achieved by ventilation through open windows. But in winter, you see, at minus 20 degrees. Few people will open the windows wide for fresh air.

Thus, a clear problem emerges, especially in apartments with plastic windows:

• ventilation is necessary even in winter period time in any apartment;
• the efficiency and constant circulation of air in the room will depend on air exchange: on the volume of supply air and the volume of air leaving the room;
• care must be taken to create such ventilation that does not require opening windows or vents to enter the room required quantity fresh air.

That is, it turns out that initially it is necessary to ensure that the supply ventilation in the apartment in winter corresponds to high levels.

In multi-storey residential buildings, especially those erected in Soviet times, all ventilation of the room comes down to the so-called natural circulation air. Exhaust air flows out into the hoods located in the toilet, bathroom and kitchen, and a direct influx of fresh outdoor air occurs through cracks in windows, doors or open vents. There is no need to talk about normal ventilation in this way, especially when double-glazed windows are installed, and natural ventilation, arranged in an apartment simply cannot provide the desired effect.

How to increase the efficiency of apartment ventilation

In order for the air ventilation in the apartment to work effectively in winter, you can strengthen it using several methods.

1. Constantly perform manual ventilation, that is, open the windows slightly for a certain period of time, ensuring the necessary air flow. Ideal option, this is to ventilate for 20 minutes, every 3 hours. But given the fact that there is work and other things to do, it is sometimes impossible to adhere to this scheme.
2. Then you should consider the issue of ventilation using special automatic devices. They are installed on windows or vents and open and close them, following established settings. Such devices are called automatic systems ventilation.
3. For the necessary air circulation in the room, you can use a system in which fresh air is constantly supplied. This is done through special supply valves, which are usually built into the wall. It is mainly installed near the heating radiator. A grille is installed outside, and with inside valve is installed. Sometimes it is equipped with a noise suppressor and filter.
4. Usage mechanical device for forced supply of fresh air into the room. This device is a supply valve with a fan built into it.

Naturally, for every apartment owner, sooner or later the question arises of how to make ventilation in the apartment in winter or improve the existing one using modern technologies and devices.

Ordinary wooden windows

If you have not yet installed new double-glazed windows, then it is best to insulate old windows during cold weather using a material such as foam rubber. Today, a special adhesive-based material is sold. In addition, it is also breathable.

Considering the looseness of the insulating material and its porosity, even with strong wind there will be no drafts in the room. If we turn to physics, it turns out that the air passing through the foam rubber structure even heats up a little because air friction occurs. The so-called throttling effect.

Plastic windows

These models do not require insulation at all, since when correct installation they completely eliminate the presence of any cracks or leaks. In almost all modern types Windows instead of vents have special slots, the size of which can be adjusted. They allow you to bring the necessary amount of fresh air into the apartment.

They provide ventilation in the apartment in cold weather. This inflow gap is arranged so that the cold air coming from the street is directed downwards and mixed with warm air from the heating radiator, distributed evenly.

Inflow valves

Supply and exhaust ventilation in an apartment in winter is impossible without these devices. them in mandatory needs to be installed in the kitchen. There are two types of these devices. Some have a straight, rigid design. Others are corner devices having flexible hose. But all of them necessarily have built-in dampers that allow you to regulate the incoming air flow. Some models have a built-in heater.

Valves corner type are the least efficient in operation and have the lowest cost. They are installed mainly above the batteries, laying a flexible air duct hose with a downward slope. This is done to prevent the ingress of moisture from precipitation and dust.

Valves direct type have high operating efficiency. In addition to the influx, they also provide purification of the incoming air due to built-in filters. Minus one: unlike corner views valves These models have complex design, which is very noticeable from the outside of the building.

To ensure high level To ensure air circulation throughout the apartment, supply valves need to be installed in each room.

Additional hood

It also happens that the installation of supply valves still does not cope with the required task. In such cases, exhaust ventilation in the apartment in winter is additionally equipped with mechanical fans. They are installed in vents, thereby increasing air circulation in the room. True, several factors need to be taken into account here.

Installing a regular fan in a bathroom vent will not work. For such a room you need to choose a device that has a certain degree of protection against humid environment premises and the electric motor is located in a protective housing. Ideally, it is advisable to purchase a model with a humidity sensor installed on it.

Devices with saber-shaped blades have the lowest noise level. But such models consume a lot of electricity.

In order for the apartment ventilation system to work effectively in winter, be sure to calculate the fan power. To do this, you need to know the volume of the room (kitchen, bathroom) and established coefficient. The values ​​of this indicator are for kitchen premises 10, and for the bathroom and toilet 7. The power of the fan model should be 10 times higher than the value obtained for the kitchen, and for the bathroom 7 times.

In conclusion

The use of these devices allows you to inexpensively and with your own hands create a system in which the room will be provided with the necessary volume of fresh air. The ventilation system in an apartment in winter allows you to create that very favorable microclimate in the room, which has a beneficial effect on the health of any person.

Device proper ventilation eliminates the formation of excessive dry air. It is this fact that causes a lack of oxygen and poor health of every person.

The above methods are the most inexpensive, but effective. More expensive option is the installation of split air conditioning systems, which provide not only the necessary air circulation in winter, but also in summer, while helping to cool it.

Ventilation is required for any room: residential, utility or special purpose. Read on to learn how the ventilation of dressing rooms and smoking rooms should be arranged, as well as how to do it yourself in a room with plastic windows.

Wardrobe ventilation

The dressing room must certainly be ventilated, otherwise unpleasant odor. Most often, dressing rooms do not have heating radiators, which means the humidity here is higher: good conditions for the development of mold and microbes. Therefore, you need to take care of ventilation in a remote room. Few owners know everything about how to organize ventilation in a room.

There are several options for ventilation in the dressing room:

Ventilation of a blind room

As a rule, ventilation is provided in blind rooms without windows. forced type. Natural air exchange in such cases is not effective enough, so additional costs have to be incurred.

There are several types of installations suitable for ventilation of blind rooms. Calculations made in accordance with the rules allow achieving maximum efficiency.

If the area of ​​the blind room does not exceed 40 sq. meters, a supply air supply will do ventilation unit, providing an influx of 120 cubic meters of air per hour. It is hung on an external wall and does not require special care.

More expensive models are equipped with several operating modes and operate in cold weather.

One of the most convenient ways Ventilation for a quiet room can be considered an air conditioner with a supply of air.

A budget option for an air handling unit for a room without windows - do it supply fan. It can bring in air both from the street, if mounted in an external wall, and from the adjacent room. This ventilation solution in the room can be equipped with your own hands.

The removal of exhaust air from a blind room is done, as in the case of a dressing room, using a gap under the door or a grille in its lower part.

Ventilation of a room with plastic windows

In rooms with plastic windows, ventilation is provided in several ways:

1. Micro-ventilation.
2. Window inlet valve.
3. Wall supply valve.

Micro-ventilation does not require any special costs. This function is built into the design of any windows.

But this method of ventilating rooms with plastic windows has disadvantages:

• cold air enters the room, creating a draft and lowering the temperature;
• when it’s cold, the window sash freezes over, frost and ice accumulate on it;
• air exchange is not controlled.

Window and wall supply valves are very convenient and meet all modern requirements.

The supply valve for ventilation of a room with plastic windows is installed on window sash. You can choose an adjustable or non-adjustable model. The valve creates a flow of air directed towards the ceiling, which mixes with the heated air of the room, creating secondary convection.

The principle of operation of a wall valve is similar. But it is installed in the outer wall. It is most advisable to place the valve above the heating radiator so that the cold air “drains” down, warms up and enters the room. Wall supply valves for ventilation of rooms with plastic windows can be manually or automatically adjusted. Such devices are equipped with humidity sensors and an air filter. The main disadvantage of wall supply units is that you need to make a hole with a diameter of 5–10 cm in the load-bearing wall.

All air supply devices described above work effectively only in apartments with a normally functioning centralized hood.

Exhaust air from the room flows into the corridor, then into the bathroom or kitchen. From here, through the general building ventilation system, it is exhausted to the street.

How to organize room ventilation if general system Is the ventilation hopelessly clogged and there is no exhaust from the apartment? Forced supply ventilation into the room is provided. An air backpressure is created, squeezing out the waste masses through the idle ventilation grilles in the kitchen and bathroom, leaks front door. In such cases, exhaust fans built into the ventilation grilles of the kitchen and toilet help to increase the outflow of air.

Dorm room ventilation

People most often think about how to make ventilation in a dorm room by installing a shower stall in it. Owners of rooms with their own adjoining shower also face the problem of dampness and mold.

Directly from the shower stall with your own hands you can extend the exhaust ventilation duct to the window of the room, a load-bearing wall or a common house riser. An exhaust fan that is resistant to high humidity is built into the box on the side of the booth. The second end of the pipe is led outside the room. Many dorm room owners hide what they've done ventilation duct under a suspended or plasterboard ceiling.

If the question is how to make ventilation in a dorm room complete, you should pay attention to compact room units with recovery. They make it possible to provide supply and exhaust ventilation to a room without installing air ducts or changing the height of the ceiling.

The installation for supply and exhaust ventilation of the room is hung on load-bearing wall and serves the room in which it is located.

The owner can equip this kind of room ventilation with his own hands if he has access to the outer wall. To make ventilation in the room you will need polyurethane foam, hammer drill. In just a couple of hours, excellent supply and exhaust ventilation of the room is ready.

Tubes with a diameter of 75 - 125 mm are pulled into the holes. One serves to supply street air, filtered and heated. On the second tube room air is blown outside, having previously transferred heat through the heat exchanger to fresh supply air.

One room ventilation device can handle 25 square meters. meters of area, providing double air exchange. Electricity consumption depends on the outside temperature. Up to -10, up to 0.01 kilowatts per hour are consumed, and at -15 and less, up to 0.6 kilowatts per hour. Savings occur due to recovery.

Smoking room ventilation

Excellent ventilation is one of the the most important conditions comfort of people in the smoking room and adjacent areas. If air exchange is poor, harmful tobacco smoke will spread throughout the entire floor. How to make ventilation in a smoking room effective and economical?

The effectiveness of ventilation in a smoking room is judged by the content of triethylpyridine (3-EP) in the air. To maintain concentration within acceptable limits, in public buildings, visited a large number people, it is necessary to equip supply and exhaust ventilation systems for smoking rooms.

Air exchange should be 10 - 14 times, but no more, so as not to create the feeling of a draft.

On average per 1 sq. meter of the smoking room is supposed to accommodate 1 person.

The air flow into the ventilated room should be (in cubic meters per hour per person):

• with strong smoke emission– 70 – 100 cubic meters;
• with medium smoke emission– 35 – 40 cubic meters.

A simplified scheme for ventilation of a smoking room: mixing fresh and exhaust air, removing it. This system is quite inexpensive to install and maintain. Clean air is supplied to the room and mixed with smoke. At the same time, the content of toxic fumes is reduced. A serious disadvantage of such a room ventilation device is its poor efficiency and distribution of smoky air throughout the entire volume of the room.

The displacement ventilation system for a smoking room is more modern and effective. The influx of fresh air replaces the entire volume of the room. The advantages of this method are obvious - the frequency of air exchange can be clearly calculated, and people breathe clean air for some time. The downside is that the equipment is quite expensive.

Therefore, a third scheme was developed, based on physical properties tobacco smoke. The air flow into the smoking room is supplied from below, where ventilation grilles are equipped for this purpose. Warm cigarette smoke rushes to the ceiling of the room; exhaust channels are located here. From below, the smoke is supported by cool street air. If the air pressure in the smoking room is 5 Pa compared to neighboring rooms, smoke will not spread. And air movement at a speed of 0.7 meters per second will create quite comfortable conditions for smokers.