Long-burning boiler or conventional. Classification of solid fuel boilers for long burning

An industrial solid fuel boiler for long burning came to our homes not so long ago, although humanity has known about the principle of this kind, slow burning, since medieval times. And the technology of a “smoldering fire” enclosed in a stone vise will be shown in practice by any professional forester or hunter. There are a great many modifications, and almost every seller offers a long-burning solid fuel boiler.

It will be possible to choose the optimal and reliable long-burning boiler for a private house only after a thorough assessment of the characteristics of the presented devices. In addition, it will be necessary to coordinate them with the characteristics of the heated room.

Choose a boiler for solid fuel long burning you will be helped by solid knowledge of the range and classification of devices. Let's take a look at their varieties together and see what makes up the price of such an interesting and attractive product.

The demand among the population to buy long-burning solid fuel boilers is based on the constant need to save money, as well as the time spent on fuel loading and regular cleaning of equipment.

Solid fuel boiler of long burning - varieties.

The honorary title - a solid fuel boiler of long burning is given to any device that maintains combustion during the day. The boiler burned out for a day - it received the status of long burning, two burnt out - the status does not change, it burned out for a week - get everything the same name.

Thus, we can meet an apparatus with a different fuel smoldering support period, while the phrase “long-burning solid fuel boiler” itself is unlikely to reveal everything to us. specifications devices.

Only two main types of equipment are distinguished in this segment - a long-burning wood-fired boiler and a long-burning coal-fired boiler. Both devices are capable of serving both a system with a water circuit and a system with. In addition, a long-burning solid fuel boiler has a number of hallmarks which we will focus on.

Solid fuel boiler of long burning - methods of burning fuel

Traditional volatile boilers.

In traditional models, it is usually implemented the simplest circuit burning fuel reserves. By design, they resemble an ordinary stove, with an uncharacteristic special window located in the upper part of the boiler and used to load firewood or coal.

The principle of its operation is based on the smoldering process, which does not involve the burning of a bright flame. During smoldering, a special ventilation pump helps to release enough heat for heating, which turns on automatically and removes excess oxygen from the furnace.

Manufacturers have taught devices to track the percentage of oxygen in the combustion chamber, allowing the required amount only to maintain smoldering, preventing an open flame from flaring up. The smoldering state, which maintains a solid fuel boiler for long burning, provides obvious savings in expensive fuel, and also frees the owner from the routine, hourly lining of firewood or coal.

Engineers made sure that the traditional solid fuel boiler of long burning included a special compartment for afterburning fuel residues. The afterburner is a winding labyrinth that promotes maximum heat transfer.

A simple solution made it possible to ensure almost complete afterburning and destruction of toxic products that occur during the operation of the boiler. Thus, the environmental safety and efficiency of the device as a whole is increased. At the same time, generated heat is coming for heating the coolant, increasing the efficiency of the boiler up to 85%.

The main element in the implementation of heat exchange in a traditional boiler is a heat exchanger. The coolant flowing through it ensures further transfer of thermal energy directly to the heating radiators.

The traditional solid fuel long-burning boiler is famous for its ease of operation, high reliability and long service life. The disadvantage is the mediocre efficiency, which leaves much to be desired. A more significant problem may be volatility.

Electronic oxygen regulation and fan operation are not possible without mains power. Thus, the operation of the heating system becomes vulnerable in case of emergency power failures. Of course, a pre-installed uninterruptible power supply device will come to the rescue. But, firstly, you need to buy it, and secondly, its work does not imply a long service life.

non-volatile long-burning boilers

The second method of combustion is represented by numerous gas generators. This structure is often referred to as pyrolysis boiler. It is characterized by an increased efficiency value reaching 90%. High intensity of thermal energy generation is achieved by a special method of fuel combustion.

First, the fuel material is dried. The further process is accompanied by degassing, as a result of which, about 85% of the substances during combustion are converted into combustible pyrolysis gas. Video review, describes in detail how a long-burning pyrolysis solid fuel boiler is operated.

The advantage of pyrrole boilers, is their complete non-volatility, the device is perfect for installation in problem regions with difficulties in supplying electricity. The second plus is autonomy. No constant adjustment required temperature regime maintained in the specified mode with an error of no more than ± 3°C.

Five times more economical than a direct flame boiler. It will take 10 kg of fuel per day to heat an area of ​​100 m2. Practically complete combustion- frees you from the frequent work of cleaning the boiler from ash. The duration of burning is about 12-16 hours.

Solid fuel boiler for long burning - pros and cons

In the absence of a gas main, there are not many alternatives to build a heating system. You can install, provided that gas supplies are established in the region. You can use environmentally friendly, but expensive electricity by connecting. But what if these options are not affordable? Or are gas and electricity resources limited or non-existent?

A solid fuel boiler for long burning will not require significant installation costs from the owner and will provide a reasonable replacement for the listed heating methods.

Advantages:

• Simple operation. traditional work on wood, pellets or coal does not require special skills. Ash removal takes no more than an hour a week.

• Durability. Service life exceeds 10 - summer period. A long-burning boiler is an unpretentious technique. Simple design, with careful operation, can regularly serve for several decades.

• Ecologicaly clean. The afterburner ensures almost complete combustion of the fuel. Emissions harmful substances natural product of combustion - processed as a result of photosynthesis.

• High efficiency. There are models on the market with a value of up to 90 - 95%. Minimum heat loss. Engineering solutions optimize the process of afterburning pyrolysis gases. The design of the heat exchanger is designed with maximum heat transfer to the heat carrier.

• Efficiency and economy. Modern equipment is not much inferior to gas counterparts. The effectiveness of long-term burning reaches seven or more days.

• Acceptable cost of fuel. Sometimes the only possible one. Frees you from dependence on expensive gas equipment.

• There is no permit documentation for the installation of the boiler. It is not required to conclude contracts with gas services for service.

• A solid fuel boiler of long burning allows you to provide homeownership with hot water, if there is a second circuit. In addition, it will help to expand the functionality.

Disadvantages:

• Permanent participation of the owner. Despite the long burning process from one load, sooner or later one has to return to replenishing the loading compartment with fuel.

• Regular cleaning. Probably the most unpopular process in maintenance requires constant cleaning of ash. It remains only to envy the pure gas equipment or electrical devices.

• Separate room. You will have to allocate a separate room with good ventilation and a chimney. A long-burning solid fuel boiler for a private house, as a rule, has significant dimensions, it may be necessary to prepare a special installation site with a reinforced foundation.

• Maintenance of fuel stocks. Replenishment and storage of fuel residues will require additional financial investments. Compliance with safety measures and maintaining a certain moisture content of the product also add to the problems in solving warehousing issues.

How to choose a long-burning solid fuel boiler

We propose to determine the evaluation criteria, according to which it will be easier to choose a long-burning boiler for a private house. Consider the main sections that you should pay attention to and get acquainted with the optimal parameters of suitable devices.

We hope our advice will help you choose the right long-burning solid fuel boiler to ensure comfortable living in the absence of gas.

solid fuel.

From the very beginning, you need to decide on the type of fuel most affordable in your area. Keep in mind that it will be cheaper and more accessible in transportation and warehousing. Is there active logging in the immediate area?

Most likely, wood-fired equipment should be preferred. Homeowners, where wood raw materials are in short supply, should be advised to take a closer look at heating with pellets.

A coal-fired or anthracite boiler is recommended for those properties where mining is underway or coal transportation is properly established. It is advantageous to organize heating systems using the sawdust combustion process at a wood processing facility.

Machine power characteristic

The contractor for the installation of the heating system will help you choose the required power of the long-burning boiler. If you equip comfort with your own hands, calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe heated room.

Traditionally, 10 kW of boiler power is assigned per 100 meters of area. With a simple mathematical calculation, determine the required value. The data obtained will help to find the optimal long-burning solid fuel boiler in a large assortment on the market. heating equipment. As a rule, it is recommended to add 10% to the obtained value in order to provide a power reserve in case of severe frost.

loading chamber

There is an indicator that depends on the ratio of the volume of the loading chamber and the power characteristic of the boiler. Sufficient, the value is considered if it falls within the range of the coefficient from 3.3 to 5 liters / kilowatt. The coefficient is important criterion which helps to choose a long-burning boiler for the house.

If the final figure is closer to the maximum index threshold, the more joy for the homeowner - he will not often need to exercise before loading the device.

For example, consider the pyrolysis boiler Viessmann Vitoligno 100-S 25. According to the technical data, the size of the loading chamber of the apparatus has a volume of 110 liters. Power is 25 kW. We calculate the index: 110/25 = 4.4 l / kW. As you can see, the coefficient is within acceptable limits and is considered very good.

Boiler for solid fuel long burning Stropuva

Since we are talking about companies that market long-burning solid fuel boilers, we cannot ignore the well-deserved leader - Stropuva. The Lithuanian boiler is able to work on one refueling of coal up to 120 hours, on pellets 72, on firewood 30 hours, respectively.

Not bad options for of this type long burning boilers. Let's take a look at why Stropuva boilers have gained such great popularity:

• Long burning. Reaches 5 days.
• Multilevel security level. The company claims that during overheating and over load, the boiler device shrinks as tin under load, the feet do not explode under any circumstances, but only shrink inward.
• Profitability. Optimal characteristics of resource use. Waste wood can be used as fuel.
• Energy independence. The Stropuva boiler does not need electricity.
• Ecology is in the first place and meets high European standards.
• Attractive appearance.
• Warranty 5 years.

Lithuanian engineers, it was not in vain that they designed a long-burning boiler in the form of a cylinder. Now, thanks to its compact dimensions, the installation of the Stropuva boiler does not require a large area and can fit in confined space city ​​apartment.

Pricing policy for long-burning boilers

The price is determined based on a variety of indicators and values, the main ones fit into three fundamental factors:

• Brand, country of origin;
• Thermal power characteristic;
• Design versatility and the ability to process various types of fuel.

By the way, wood boilers long-burning Stropuva with a power of 20 kW are in the price range of 1400-1900 euros. At the same time, similar power, but on a universal model, will cost 2000-2400 euros.

The classic is represented on the market by the Buderus long-burning boiler, from a German concern. Operation is allowed on wood, coal, anthracite and pellets. The cost of the Buderus boiler is determined by the thermal power and lies in the range of 1400-1900 euros.

Let's add one more manufacturer of the European Union from Germany - the solid fuel boiler of long burning of the company (Junkers) shows excellent characteristics. Stands out from the assortment better side boilerJunkers with a power of 32 kW with a price of 1600 euros for the device.

Viessmann asks for the highest price for its long-burning pyrolysis boiler for the Vitoligno model, the concern wants to receive from 2300 to 5900 euros for a boiler with a maximum industrial output of 80 kW.

It's time to turn to domestic manufacturer. Available Options start from 35 thousand rubles, so the Cooper solid fuel boiler Russian production can be purchased for 40 thousand rubles.

Also on the Internet there are a huge number of tips on how to make a solid fuel boiler for long burning with your own hands. If you have the material and skillful hands, you can create your own cauldron!

conclusions

In conclusion, we want to say that you should not give in to the impulse desire to buy a long-burning solid fuel boiler, calculate all the options, compare the calculations of operating savings again. Try to clarify the necessary and sufficient power of heat generating equipment. Most likely, the issue price will be in the same range.

Perhaps, in aggregate, let's say with, they will be equally costly from a financial point of view in comparison with a long-burning boiler, but less troublesome to use. Well, if you have decided that you cannot do without a long-burning boiler, do not be stingy and purchase a device with automatic coal supply, it will greatly improve your life.

A comfortable life in the cold season is impossible without heating, unless you decide to spend the winter in Thailand or on some other exotic islands. As for stoves and boilers, a long-burning boiler is a very good alternative to other types of heating devices. It all depends on preferences and goals.

Suppose that in addition to the heat in the house, you are also interested in hot water supply, in which case you should pay attention to a double-circuit solid fuel boiler for long burning. Still, most likely, long-burning pyrolysis boilers with a water circuit will come across your eyes - unlike the first, manufacturers claim that they give out much more high performance efficiency, because the secondary gases will be burned, and not released through the chimney. As for the price, solid fuel boilers long-term burning of Russian production are cheaper than imported analogues.

To facilitate the search among the numerous information, we have compiled a small rating of long-burning solid fuel boilers for rooms. for various purposes, so it remains only to choose.

	Name	price, rub.	Briefly about the main
			The body of Rod BS 04 is made of cast iron of the highest category. Power 22.5 kW (wood) and 23.3 (coal). Heated area 230 sq.m. The efficiency is high. Thermal insulation is excellent.
			Made of steel 5 mm grade 09G2S. A 25 mm water jacket is drawn around the entire perimeter of the combustion chamber. Grid-irons - from a thick-walled seamless pipe. Power up to 60 kW.
			Gas-generating boiler for working on logs. Power up to 80 kW. There is a display, you can connect an external control. Mains voltage is single-phase. Overheat protection.
			Does not require control - just fill in the fuel and set the temperature. One bookmark is enough for 10-12 hours of work.
			Power 20 kilowatts. You can add a heating element with a control panel to keep the house warm when there is no need to heat at full strength. Firewood cannot be used.
			Runs on solid and liquid fuels, gas. Dual circuit. Designed for an area of ​​up to 250 sq.m. There are two fireboxes and a built-in 72 liter boiler. You can put burners.
			Choose for houses up to 80 sq.m. One bookmark of firewood is enough for 72 hours (31 kg) and 120 hours of coal - 88 kg is placed at a time.
			Steel. Power 15 kW. It is possible to connect an electric heating element. Fuel tank capacity, l: 35 Fuel type: coal.
			The range includes units of different power from 6 to 12 kilowatts. Equipped with an air vent and safety valve. Plus - autonomous operation without connecting to the mains.
			Works on any fuel. Heats up very quickly. Power 9 kW, but enough for a room up to 100 sq.m.
			It is equipped with a remote firebox, an upper heater and panoramic heat-resistant glass, which allows you to observe the combustion process and heat the stove from an adjacent room.
			Designed for a maximum of 10 cubes. Firebox type - open. Plus - fast warming up due to the supply of air heated from the walls of the furnace into the heater.
			There is a removable ash pan. Heats up quickly, but is only rated for 12 cubic meters.
			Universal power 10 kW. The firebox is designed for half a meter logs. The shape is round and voluminous, due to which more fuel is placed and burns longer.

The advantage of such devices is versatility - one device both heats and heats water. Modern models are distinguished by high-quality assembly, economical fuel consumption and autonomy. If necessary, they can be equipped with a second circuit or a boiler can be connected.

RODA BRENNER CLASSIC R BCR-04

Cast iron double-circuit solid fuel boiler of long burning, equipped with a cast iron heat exchanger and a thermomanometer. The water temperature is controlled mechanically. An anti-condensation pump is required. Also, this unit is constantly ranked among the best.

RODA BRENNER CLASSIC R BCR-04

Specifications:

Applied in heating systems with natural and forced circulation of the coolant. I can use both as the main source and as a backup. The price of the unit is 42500 rubles.

• affordable price;
• good insulation and heat dissipation;
• the ability to use any type of solid fuel;
• easy to connect by yourself.

Users did not find any visible flaws.

Long-burning solid fuel boilers - semi-automatic devices from the Nedelka company, will help pass the cold nights without going down to the boiler room. You do not need to add fuel every 4 hours, because this is a long-burning boiler for up to 7 days, it will work quietly without additional bookmarking - all thanks to the manufacturer's proprietary technology.

Specifications:

Price 100450 rubles.

• fan and control panel are included;
• options: underfloor heating, boiler with indirect heating.

• not easy cleaning, takes about 2 hours;
• condensation inside, corrosion as a result;
• high price.

Wismann - a long-burning pyrolysis boiler is available in gradations from 18 to 45 kW. It is made of cast iron and the firebox is made of 0.8 cm refractory steel. It is very easy to operate using the primary and secondary air dampers. A long-burning wood-burning boiler with a furnace, a fairly deep clay chamber, allows you to fit firewood up to 0.5 m long - this increases the time until the next refueling. The consumed temperature mode is visible on the electronic display.

Equipped with silicon nozzle. Equipped with an automatic limiter that limits temperature fluctuations within the safe limits established by the manufacturer. The number of rotational movements of the fan can be controlled via the panel. Long-burning wood-burning boilers for home heating from Viessmann will give you comfort, warmth and trouble-free operation.

Specifications:

The cost of equipment is 138,700 rubles.

• not subject to corrosion;
• protective heat exchanger and smoke exhauster;
• easy to clean;
• connects both independently and in addition to the existing boiler.

• high price;
• fuel needs to be topped up every 4 hours.

These long-burning pyrolysis boilers with a water circuit operate from one bookmark to 12 hours, delivering 24 kW. Completely independent of auxiliary energy sources - unscheduled power outages are no longer a problem. The presence of two circuits makes it possible to heat water, in addition to heating.

Specifications:

Price 88000 rub.

• economical fuel consumption;
• All controls are mechanical.

• do not use antifreeze;
• frequent cleaning of ash and soot;
• sometimes comes across a flimsy assembly of the body, especially the doors;
• without expansion tank;
• "eats" a lot of firewood.

Medium-power long-burning coal-fired boilers for private houses, they transfer the accumulated energy to the water circuit through the grate. Pushers are cleaned automatically thanks to a specialized mechanism. The built-in sensor makes thermoregulation of draft automatically.

Specifications:

Price 44300 rubles.

• the ability to add a heating element with a control panel to maintain heat in the house when it is cool, but not enough to heat at full strength.

• cannot be fired with wood;
• inconvenient location of the thermostat.

The main difference between country units and home units is the absence of the need for frequent refueling. We do not visit the country house so often, but this does not deprive us of the need to maintain heat there. Depending on the chosen model, it is necessary to throw firewood into the combustion chamber from once every 3-4 hours and up to 12 hours.

WIRBEL ECO-CKB 25kW

Another double-circuit solid fuel boiler for long burning. It will give warmth to a cottage, country house or dacha with an area of ​​up to 250 sq.m. Austrian quality guarantees uninterrupted operation from one load, more than 9 hours. The device is combined, which expands the user's ability to use, in the literal sense, any type of fuel. The firebox is made of steel 0.5 cm thick.

WIRBEL ECO-CKB 25kW

Specifications:

Price 148900 rubles.

• built-in boiler for 72 l;
• the ability to put burners;
• a separate pump is not required;
• complete with thermometer, ash pan and cleaning tool.

• after prolonged use, it may crack when turned on;
• a large number of dust and soot falls on the operator when casting coal;
• requires frequent cleaning.

Stropuva offers solid fuel boilers for long burning. The equipment allows you to heat a room with a square up to 80 sq.m. From one bookmark, heat is given off for 72 hours - this is only a plus, but coal gives an even more amazing effect - 120 hours. 31 kg of firewood up to 45 cm long is placed in the combustion chamber at a time, and as much as 88 kg of coal. The manufacturer offers a wide palette, so the device will fit into any interior.

Specifications:

The cost is 65,000 rubles.

• fired with coal, pellets, briquettes and firewood;
• complete set.

• there is no ash pan;
• tar is formed, gives a sharp unpleasant odor;
• short reverse thrust provokes tar settling;
• the use of wet fuel will cause streaks on the floor around the machine.

NMK Siberia will help to heat the cottage in the cold season. The technology used allows not to feed the fire every two hours, because one bookmark is enough for a whole day.

NMK Magnum KDG 15 TE

Specifications:

Price 36500 rub.

• the ability to equip additionally with remote control and heating element;

• mediocre efficiency.

Ideal option for heating greenhouses. It is convenient that the water circuit system is easily connected, due to which both the soil will warm up and the air inside.

Prometheus 12M-3

Heating boiler for solid fuel of long burning Russian production, made of refractory steel. Equipped with a three-way heat exchanger, a water jacket and three vertical chambers. The damper is controlled automatically. The device is able to give off heat for 8-12 hours, from the moment the combustion chamber is filled. The firebox is lined with refractory fireclay - this also affects the amount of energy released. Able to warm the room up to 100 square meters.

Prometheus 12M-3

Specifications:

Price 31500 rubles.

• equipped with an air vent and a safety valve;
• Autonomous operation without connection to the mains.

• not intended for firewood;
• serves no more than 5 years;
• eats a lot of fuel.

Long-burning solid fuel boilers from a domestic manufacturer devour any kind of solid fuel - so there should be no problems with this item. It will ideally fit into auxiliary, industrial or residential buildings up to 90 sq.m. It can also be connected to gas if you purchase a gas burner.

Specifications:

The cost is 28600 rubles.

• omnivorous, efficient;
• heats up quickly.

• difficulties during installation and cleaning;
• can give off a campfire smell;
• smokes during combustion;
• the combustion chamber is too small.

The design is in many ways similar to a classic stove, but the heated smoke is not directed into the chimney, but is used to heat the stones located in the heater. When choosing, the type of heater and heat exchanger is important. Also pay attention to the principle of operation used to heat water.

Katun

The NMK company produces a Magnum long-burning boiler, but besides this, there are still worthy models for a bath. This long-burning solid fuel boiler is an improved version of the Siberia furnace. Made from 6mm refractory steel sheets. "Raskochegarit" a bathhouse with a volume in the range of 12-24 m³. Secondary afterburning of gases allows you to extend the heat output without additional casting of firewood. The stones used to create the steam cloud heat up in 2 hours.

Sauna stove "Katun"

The dimensions of the stove are relatively small - 78x57x90 cm. The total weight is 160 kg, the weight of the stones reaches 200 kg. The cost is 25,000 rubles.

• can be fired with brown coal;
• clear glass system;
• cleaning the chimney is much easier due to the structure of the equipment;
• option of equipping with a heat exchanger;

Minus one - for such a baby the price is high.

A wood-burning boiler is suitable for a cozy bathhouse with a volume of no more than 10 cubic meters. Made from heat resistant steel. Above is a compartment for heating stones. The manufacturer recommends using only a certain type of stone - so that the heat transfer is more efficient.

The dimensions of the stove are relatively small - 67x42x61.5 cm. The total weight is only 40 kg, the weight of the stones is 20 kg. Chimney diameter 115 mm. The cost is 6670 rubles.

Plus - affordable price. Minus - not suitable for large steam rooms.

Wonderful long-burning solid fuel boilers from GREIVARI will not leave indifferent those who like to take a steam bath. Heating boilers on long-burning wood will quickly heat up a steam room with a volume of 12 m³, thanks to the wall thickness of the combustion chamber of 6 mm. Stones up to 45 kg are placed in the heater. Customer reviews are very optimistic, and they are selling it like hot cakes.

Unit weight 53 kg. Chimney diameter 115 mm. Price 9200 rub.

• removable ash pan;
• heats up quickly.

Minus - not suitable for large bath rooms.

The purchase of equipment will help not only keep the car warm, but also create comfortable conditions for repair work. Starting a car in the cold season is directly related to the ambient temperature.

Kupper Comfort

A compact, economical long-burning wood-burning boiler works up to 7 hours from one tab. Weighs only 67 kg - installing it yourself will not be difficult. Made from thick steel sheets.

Kupper Comfort

Specifications:

Price 20450 rubles.

Plus - universal, safe.

Minus - the installation requires the help of specialists.

Long-burning solid fuel boilers are the choice of garage owners. You can heat it with anything, moreover, you can burn the accumulated garbage, and also get heat from, it would seem, such uselessness. A power of 12 kW is enough to heat 120 sq.m.

Specifications:

The cost is 25,000 rubles.

In priority compact size- takes up a lot of space, but heats up very slowly.

Which is better - a long-burning boiler on coals or wood

This question is always asked by those who are just thinking of switching to non-solid fuel boilers for long burning. Consider the positive and negative aspects of each type of fuel.

In general, these are all the main criteria by which one or another type of fuel is chosen.

VIDEO: What is the difference between a long-burning boiler and a conventional one

Solid fuel boiler for heating a private house - a modern alternative traditional ways heating. With it you will not freeze in the winter at the dacha or in a country cottage. A variety of models will allow you to choose the one that suits you.

Classification of solid fuel boilers for long burning

The main feature of all varieties of such boilers is that they are installed where it is not possible to use other heating, for example, gas. They burn for a long time, up to several days, they heat only due to solid fuel. The principle of their operation is simple and similar to heating a conventional wood or coal stove: you load fuel into the boiler, it burns, releasing heat. Add raw materials as needed.

Cast iron heating solid fuel boiler

This is the advantageous difference between units designed for long-term burning from other types of solid fuel boilers: they do not need to be loaded often, you can not even get up at night. Some varieties do not depend on electricity. This makes them even more convenient for places remote from city life. Taking into account these and other characteristics, the following types of solid fuel boilers are distinguished, involving long-term burning:

What fuel is used:

• firewood;
• coal;
• pellets (granulated wood waste);
• sawdust;
• universal. Almost everything can be burned in such boilers - from coal to waste.

Advice. Do not burn the boiler with gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, laminate or chipboard residues, as well as glossy paper (for example, magazines or catalogs): they emit toxic substances.

How fuel is loaded:

• manually;
• automatically.

How it is burned:

• traditionally;
• using pyrolysis (without oxygen access);
• "top down" (top burning).

What are boilers made of?

• steel;
• cast iron.

From a huge number of models, choose the one that is most suitable for your home in terms of area

How many cameras have:

• one;

Their functionality:

• single-circuit, which only heat the room;
• double-circuit, which, in addition to the main function, are also used for heating water.

What are the features of boilers of different types

When choosing a boiler, decide how you will load it. Coal gives back more heat, and it burns much longer without additional loading. Firewood is considered the most environmentally friendly fuel. When giving preference to such a boiler, please note: it must have a sufficiently large chamber for the furnace and a wide door. So you can download a lot of firewood at the same time big size which will increase the burning time.

Attention! For the best energy efficiency, use wood with a moisture content of less than 20%.

pellet boiler

Boilers that are heated with pellets are mostly automated. You do not need to load them with raw materials every few hours, the manufacturers have provided a special hopper and mechanized feed for this purpose. Wood pellets burn almost completely, leaving a small amount of ash. However, pellets are not yet widely spread as a type of fuel due to the price, availability in warehouses and the cost of the boilers themselves.

A feature of automated devices is that they require an electrical connection. Without it, automation simply does not work. If there are power outages in your holiday village, it is better to opt for manually loaded boilers. For the convenience of owners, some automated models are equipped with control panels. In particular, they allow you to adjust the frequency of downloads.

Pellet boiler operation

If you choose universal unit, it is better that the main type of fuel for him was coal. Rugged construction, designed for black or brown "gold", will easily accept any fuel. In comparison, wood-fired boilers, which are mostly made from thin sheets of metal, are not designed to burn coal. Dispose of cardboard, shavings, sawdust, husks in universal solid fuel devices.

Most often, manufacturers produce 2 types of boilers: cast iron and steel. There are also ceramic ones, but they are almost not common. If the heating device is made of cast iron, its service life reaches 50 years. This metal is resistant to rust, but sensitive to temperature changes. Steel boilers they are cheaper, but they last about 20 years.

Is there a difference in how the fuel is burned in the boiler

In classical boilers, fuel is ignited from below, and the flame, rising, consistently “eats” everything that was put there. Most often, this is how boilers work, which need to be reloaded every 2-8 hours (depending on the model and type of fuel used). Long-burning devices usually have large volume fireboxes. This is what allows classic models after loading, do without the "additive" as long as possible.

Wood boiler device

There are shaft-type boilers where you need to ignite the fuel at the top, and combustion (or rather, gradual smoldering) also occurs from top to bottom. This innovation had a positive effect on the duration of the work. Without additional laying, firewood burns for about a day, coal - on average up to 6 days. It is impossible to top up or report something until the first load has decayed. Due to the economy and high efficiency, such models are more expensive than traditional ones.

Device for automatic control pyrolysis boiler

Another type of boilers according to the method of burning fuel is pyrolysis. In them, firewood, coal or waste is burned under the influence of high temperatures, but without oxygen. Such boilers usually consist of two chambers, raw materials are put into one and set on fire. After a while, the oxygen supply is limited, and the fuel begins to smolder. As a result of this, gas is released (or generated), which enters the second chamber and burns separately. Because of this feature, these boilers are also called gas-generating boilers.

Advantages and disadvantages of solid fuel boilers

The positive properties of long-burning solid fuel devices include:

Among negative points operation of solid fuel boilers for long burning, it is worth highlighting both general and those that are characteristic of individual models:

Advice. You can keep the fuel in the boiler room, if its size allows. It is better if the distance between the boiler and the fuel is at least 40 cm.

What else to consider when purchasing a long-burning boiler for a country house

Such boilers may well become not only a replacement for conventional heating, but also be an addition to it. With conscientious care and proper operation, they serve for many years without requiring repair and fully recouping the cost of their purchase.

How to choose a solid fuel boiler: video

Boiler for heating: photo

Which solid fuel boiler to give preference to heating a private house? We understand the features, pros and cons of modern long-burning heating units.

Frequent loading of the firebox - main disadvantage classic solid fuel heat sources. The fuel in them burns out quickly enough, and the generated heat is not enough for a short time. Allows you to solve the problem modern boilers long burning, which increase the process of combustion of solid fuel material by tens of times.

Long-burning heating boiler for a private house

Highly efficient heating units make the most of thermal energy, released by fuel during the combustion process, therefore they are ideal for heating private houses, as well as industrial premises.

The market for solid fuel boilers for long burning is quite extensive - the assortment includes models from the simplest to the most adapted to the interests of the user.

All units of this type operate effectively even at minimum power, demonstrating a difference in the amount of accumulated heat in comparison with classical boilers by approximately 10 times.

Heating boiler for wood

A suitable heat source is selected taking into account the following factors:

1. what type of fuel will be used (coal, firewood, peat briquettes, waste from wood processing and similar solid combustible substances);
2. what type of boiler is needed (simple, combined or universal);
3. how much big square will be heated;
4. how often fuel will be loaded;
5. what budget is planned for the purchase of the boiler.

Principle of operation

According to the principle of operation, the installations are divided into two types:

1. operating according to the classical scheme with the inclusion of a blower-fan;
2. models with top loading and air supply.

Heating system of a private house with a boiler

In both of these options, the operation of the blower is controlled by a special electronic unit - it controls the temperature of the water, increasing or slowing down the performance of the fan. In units with a supercharger, a decrease in the inertia of the processes is provided, due to which the duration of the combustion of solid fuel increases.

In models with top loading, respectively, the supercharger is located in the upper part of the case. Air is supplied from top to bottom, fuel is burned in a similar direction, as a result, a fully charged installation is able to work very long time(from 8 to 48 hours).

In general, long-burning units have a lot of advantages, but there are also some disadvantages. Regardless of the principle of operation, they must be cleaned from time to time - if cleaning is neglected, the equipment may simply fail.

Scheme: long-burning boiler device

At full power boiler equipment It does not heat up instantly, but after a certain time. Another disadvantage is that it is impossible to quickly stop the operation of a long-burning boiler if necessary.

Differences in the type of solid fuel used: what to consider when choosing

Between themselves, long-burning boilers differ not only in the principle of operation, but also in the type of fuel used. Each of the heating units operating on a solid type of fuel has its own advantages and disadvantages, which should be considered when choosing.

wood burning boiler

The most important thing when choosing this model is the volume of the firebox itself for laying firewood, which will fit in it with one load. The larger the capacity of the firebox, the longer the firewood will burn.

Wood boiler for heating

coal boiler

If coal is used as a fuel, first of all, you should pay attention to the material of manufacture when choosing a suitable model. It is better to give preference to structures made of cast iron or stainless steel.

The wall thickness of the furnace also plays an important role, since the temperature will be very high when burning coal. It is recommended to choose a model with the thickest walls, which will keep warm for a long time.

Coal boiler for heating

pellet boiler

This type of boilers is able to work offline for the longest period of time, therefore it is very popular with consumers. Its battery life directly depends on the size of the hopper - the tank can hold from a minimum of 20 kg to several tons of granules. Therefore, it is rational to choose models with a capacious bunker in order to reduce the number of fuel tabs.

• high efficiency;
• profitability;
• automatic control (in the presence of electricity, the equipment independently pours fuel into the furnace using an auger);
• there is no need for frequent cleaning, since the fuel burns out almost completely.

pellet boiler

• rather high cost;
• energy dependence;
• fuel required High Quality(whole low-ash pellets), otherwise the burner will clog very quickly.

pyrolysis boiler

The operation of the pyrolysis boiler occurs by distillation of fuel under conditions elevated temperature with a limited supply of oxygen, contributing to the decomposition of wood into the so-called pyrolysis gas. Pyrolysis-type boilers have two furnaces, in one of which the primary combustion of fuel is carried out, and in the second - gas afterburning.

pyrolysis boiler

profitability;

high efficiency;

no special manual adjustment required;

practically no ash remains;

the temperature of the heat-carrier water remains stable as long as there is at least a minimum of solid fuel in the furnace;

heating of the room is achieved in 30-40 minutes;

equally good performance quality both with natural and forced circulation of the coolant in the system.

• requires high quality solid fuel;
• high price.

Types of pyrolysis boilers for long burning

Combined boiler

In addition to the main one, secondary types of fuel, as well as their combinations, can be used in these units. Some of the models are equipped additional function- electric heating, which is switched on after the existing fuel burns out, when the boiler starts the cooling process.

Combined long-burning boiler

Conclusion

The basic indicators when choosing a long-burning heating boiler are the power of the equipment, as well as the combustion method. The most efficient in terms of efficiency are boilers, the principle of operation of which is based on the pyrolysis process. Unlike conventional combustion, pyrolysis boilers burn not only fuel, but also wood gases.

Long burning boiler - modern way residential space heating

An additional plus in favor of their choice is ease of maintenance, since soot is practically not formed, the cleaning process is simplified. If there is no desire from time to time to load the next portion of fuel into the boiler, then it is rational to purchase automated system which completely eliminates manual labor.

What is a long-burning boiler: video

Long burning boiler: photo

The main disadvantage of solid fuel heating boilers is the short operating time from one tab. The fuel in the furnace burns out within 2-3 hours. Boilers for long-burning wood have a special design that increased the battery life to several days.

The principle of operation of a wood-fired heating boiler, long burning

Heating boiler for long burning on wood with a water circuit, uses the ability of wood to oxidize, under the influence of high temperature and limited oxygen content. The wood is charred due to the large accumulation of smoke, which restricts the access of oxygen. A large amount of CO is released.

The device and principle of operation of a wood-burning boiler long work from one load, is aimed at recreating similar conditions in the limited space of the combustion chamber. Firewood does not burn in the full sense of the word, but smolders. The operating time increases, and the lack of heat is compensated by the afterburning of the emitted gases.

The design of long-burning boilers includes the following components:

Most long-burning boilers are equipped with an enlarged loading chamber. The internal device allows for autonomous operation for 8-12 hours. Some manufacturers offer boilers that can work from one gas station for several days.

How to choose a slow burning wood burning boiler

Heating boilers for long burning on wood are offered by several domestic and foreign manufacturers. The design of the equipment, as well as the thermal characteristics, differ significantly. When choosing a heat generator, pay attention to the following parameters:

1. Performance.
2. Design features.
3. Manufacturer country.

According to the above three parameters, select suitable model boiler for domestic use.

Power calculation

A properly selected wood-burning long-burning heating boiler can easily cope with heating a living area up to 400 - 500 m². When choosing, take into account the performance of the heat generator. The power calculation is performed as follows:

1. Calculate total area Houses.
2. Calculate the required boiler power using the formula 1 kW = 10 m².
3. If there is a DHW circuit in the design, 15-20% of the margin is added to the result.

The above calculations are suitable for buildings with an average degree of thermal insulation, located in the middle latitude of Russia and having a ceiling height of no more than 2.7 m. For rooms with a complex configuration, large number window and doorways, calculations are carried out using on-line.

Design features

Types of long-burning boilers are usually classified into several groups, according to the following criteria:

Separately, it is worth highlighting boilers with a built-in storage boiler. Models of this type have one heating circuit, but are designed to heat the coolant and hot water.

Top Producers

Choosing the best wood-burning boiler for heating your home can be quite difficult, especially when you consider that products are manufactured in Russia, Austria, Germany, the Baltic states, the Czech Republic and Poland, and it is represented by at least a dozen different manufacturers. The cost of equipment, its thermal performance and reliability depend on the country of the manufacturer.

Thanks to consumer feedback, the following rating of long-burning wood-burning boilers was compiled:

• German boilers - equipment is offered by several companies, among which models and stand out favorably. The products are fully automated and are characterized by economical fuel consumption.
• Austrian boilers - produced models, are almost identical in quality to German units. A distinctive feature of Austrian boilers is the maximum automation and the presence of a multi-level security system. Products are offered by concerns, Wirbel, etc.
• Czech boilers - brands and ATMOS are considered the most popular. Universal stations operating both on wood and on other types of fuel remain in demand. Judging by the number of sales, boilers with cast-iron heat exchangers are in special demand among domestic consumers.
• Baltic boilers - the Russian consumer was able to evaluate the quality and thermal efficiency of the Latvian ones, the main advantage of which is a long operating time from one fuel load. In offline mode, the boiler is able to work for more than 2 days. The design of the unit is so simple that local "craftsmen" offer device diagrams for self-assembly.
• Russian boilers - the first models of long-burning boilers, were not entirely successful, had many design flaws. IN modern models, errors were corrected, which made it possible to increase the popularity of heating technology. On the this moment, products are offered by factories Teplodar, Trayan and others. Low price for long-burning wood-burning heating boilers, unpretentiousness to fuel quality - all this explains the high popularity of domestic products.
• Polish boilers - products of manufacturers are presented on the market:, Defro, Wichlacz. Boilers are practically analogues of German and Austrian companies, but at a more affordable cost. The popularity of the models is somewhat limited by the difficulties with the supply of components and the recently increased price of units.

Features of the operation of wood boilers with long burning

The burning time of one bookmark of firewood is from 8 to 24 hours. The battery life depends on several factors:

1. Boiler type.
2. Fuel quality.
3. Proper operation.

Learning how to heat a boiler correctly is much easier than it might seem at first glance. During kindling and further operation, adhere to the requirements specified by the manufacturer in technical documentation. After a few fires, the process becomes habitual.

How to achieve long burning wood

The consumption of firewood, subject to the use of the long burning mode, is 30-40% less than in conventional boilers. The efficiency reaches 92%. Not all consumers manage to get the boiler to work in the long burning mode the first time. Some complain about the copious release of resin during the burning of wood.

You can achieve long-term burning of firewood by carefully following the manufacturer's recommendations:

• Firewood is kindled with a fully open damper.
• In the mode of long burning, the boiler is transferred only after reaching a temperature of 600 ° C.
• The humidity of firewood should not exceed 20%. drown conifers wood is not recommended.

Violations of the rules of operation leads to the fact that tar is formed from firewood in the boiler. Most often, the following conditions are not met:

• The minimum outlet temperature of the coolant must not fall below 65°C.
• It is correct to heat the boiler with hard wood: aspen, beech, acacia, oak, etc.
• The high humidity of firewood leads to an abundant release of resin.

Proper operation of long-burning boilers extends the life of the equipment and increases heat transfer.

How to properly load firewood

Stacking firewood in the boiler is carried out in accordance with the following rules:

• The logs are split into large pieces.
• Stacking firewood in the firebox is carried out as tightly as possible. It is important to avoid voids between logs.
• The length of the logs should be smaller sizes loading chamber, at least 5 cm.

Ignition is carried out exclusively with dry splinters. It is forbidden to use gasoline or kerosene to kindle firewood. From time to time, it is recommended to use special chemical briquettes that remove tar deposits on the walls.

How much firewood do you need for the winter season

The device of a long-burning boiler allows you to save on fuel, approximately 15-30%, depending on the model chosen. Approximate consumption firewood is calculated as follows:

• It is generally accepted that for heating every 100 m², 3 Gcal / month will be required.
• When burning a kilogram of firewood, 3200 kcal is released.
• To get 1 Gcal, long-burning boilers burn 312 kg of firewood.
• To obtain 3 Gcal, approximately a ton of wood is required.

During heating season, to heat a house of 100 m², you need 7-8 tons of firewood.

Rules and regulations for the installation of a long-burning wood-burning boiler

The installation of a long-burning boiler is carried out in compliance with the standards applicable to all wood-fired boilers. During the installation work, take into account the existing requirements of PPB and SNiP:


In the room used for the boiler room, it is necessary to have supply and exhaust ventilation and natural lighting. If necessary, it is allowed to place the boiler in the basement.