The use of iron sulfate in the country. Iron vitriol: instructions for use in horticulture Useful properties of iron sulfate

Fall is here, which means it's time to prepare your garden for winter. One of the most important activities is the autumn processing of trees and shrubs against all kinds of pests and diseases. For this there are different drugs, one of them - inkstone. About him today and will be discussed.

inkstone is a 53% salt of iron and sulfuric acid (iron sulfate) in the form of greenish crystals or powder, from which a solution for irrigation and spraying is prepared.

Ferrous sulfate is used in the following cases:

• The fight against fungal diseases of many garden plants(raspberry anthracnose, cherry coccomycosis, scab, downy and true powdery mildew, oidium on grapes, gray rot).
• Prevention and treatment.
• Pest control.
• Fight against lichens that have settled on tree trunks.
• Treatment of wounds and hollow trees.
• Basement wall treatment.
• Destruction of tree fungus.

Packing of iron sulphate. Photo from obi.ru

Let us consider in detail the main situations.

Application for pest control

Iron vitriol is detrimental to many insects and their larvae, as well as eggs laid under the bark of trees. Early in the spring, when the kidneys have not yet woken up, you need to carry out the first treatment.

For this, a 5% solution is prepared (500 g of the substance is diluted in 10 liters of water) and the plants are abundantly sprayed or poured over. You can also process fruit trees and bushes late autumn, already after leaf fall.

This drug is very effective against apple sucker - the enemy of most fruit trees. With early spring spraying with a 3% solution (300 g of the drug per 10 liters of water), almost half of the eggs laid by females die. It is necessary to spray both the trunks and branches of the tree, and the soil under it.

When processing, it is important to correctly calculate the time. Usually they are held in mid-April - at this time the insects have already woken up and laid their eggs, and the buds on the trees have not yet begun to bloom. It is important to understand that iron vitriol cannot destroy absolutely all pests, so you should not limit yourself to using it.

Application for the fight against fungal diseases

Iron vitriol is able to cope with many fungal infections of plants. It acts as a contact action (that is, as a substance that cannot penetrate into the cells and the space between them), therefore, it is washed off by rain rather quickly (within 2 weeks). To get rid of fungal diseases, it is enough to use a 3% solution of iron sulfate.

It must be remembered that surface treatment with this solution cannot completely destroy the fungus, since its spores can persist in hard-to-reach places. So for a more reliable result, it is better to process with products containing copper. You can alternate the use of these drugs: in the spring, spray with copper sulphate, and treat with iron in the fall. Also keep in mind that ferrous sulfate is not able to protect your plants from bacterial infections.

Iron vitriol for non-infectious chlorosis

Sometimes plants can suffer from a lack of iron in the soil or an inability to absorb it. Arises noninfectious chlorosis, which is expressed in the yellowing of the leaves and the general weakening of the plants.

Iron sulfate will help to cope with this disease. To do this, prepare a solution at the rate of 30-50 g of the drug per 10 liters of water and spray the plants several times after 5-6 days until complete recovery. green color. For preventive purposes, use 10 g per 10 liters of water.

In the next video, you will see how to prepare a solution and treat plants if they get sick.

Fertilizer from iron sulphate

Using iron sulphate, you can independently prepare a very valuable fertilizer - iron chelate. This is a microfertilizer containing divalent iron - that is, iron in the most accessible form for plant cells. Iron chelate is used to treat and prevent non-infectious chlorosis.

To prepare, you need to dilute 5 g citric acid in 2 liters of water, dissolve 8 g of ferrous sulfate in the same volume of warm water and slowly pour, stirring constantly, into the prepared citric acid solution. Add another 1 liter of water here.

At the output, we get 5 liters of a 0.5% transparent solution orange color. Apply it immediately, without diluting. This is very effective fertilizer for many garden and horticultural crops.

Iron vitriol will destroy lichens

It happens that they settle on the bark of old trees. And here iron sulfate comes to the rescue. For processing stone fruit trees(for example, ) and berry bushes a 3% solution is suitable (300 g of the substance per 10 liters of water). For spraying pome fruits (, ) - 5% solution (500 g of the drug per 10 liters of water). If you carry out such a treatment in the spring, then during the summer the lichens will come off on their own, and the bark will become clean and smooth.

If there are wounds and cracks on the tree trunk, it is useful to treat them with a 1% solution (100 g of vitriol per 10 liters of water) - this will serve as a good disinfection.
You can buy iron sulfate in our market by clicking on.

Iron sulfate fungicide 300 g Iron sulfate fungicide 300 g 49 rub LOOK
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Fungicide iron sulfate from moss 3 kg Fungicide iron sulfate from moss 3 kg 299 rub LOOK
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Inexpensive, available remedy with a wide spectrum of action - this is how the owners characterize iron sulfate. The use of ferrous sulfate in horticulture is not only protection against pests: the solution is suitable for disinfecting cellars, cesspools, and mold control.

Many summer residents use solutions of ferrous sulfate different concentration for autumn and spring processing fruit trees. A good effect is the use of iron sulfate as a fertilizer. Lot useful information for summer residents - in this article.

Release form

Ferrous vitriol is a chemical compound, a greenish-blue powder. The concentration of the active substance is 53%.

Ferrous sulfate II is actively used by summer residents to care for fruit crops, preventive measures, destruction harmful insects. For processing different surfaces the owners prepare a solution of a certain concentration. It is impossible to break the fortress of the composition: possible leaf burn, damage to the bark, at a low concentration, the effect of the procedure weakens.

You can buy iron sulfate in different packaging:

• packages of 200 g - price from 10 to 15 rubles;
• kraft bags 25, 40 and 50 kg - price from 21 to 37 rubles per kg;
• for large farms, the price of a ton of ferrous sulfate is from 3,600 to 5,500 rubles.

Benefit and action

Ferrous sulfate is a universal remedy. Unlike the more toxic one, the bluish-green crystalline substance is suitable not only for protecting the garden from pests and diseases, but also for other operations.

Summer residents use a solution of ferrous sulfate in the following cases:

• for whitewashing fruit tree trunks in spring/autumn;
• for the destruction of harmful insects, with a preventive purpose;
• for treatment dangerous disease- spotted roses;
• as remedy with the appearance of hollows and wounds on the bark of trees;
• as valuable fertilizer;
• how to destroy house fungus;
• for disinfection of walls of vegetable stores, cellars;
• to protect grapes from diseases and pests;
• for elimination bad smell from country toilets, cesspools;
• against scab, mosses, lichens on horticultural crops Oh.

Concentration

How to breed iron sulfate? A positive processing result will be only if the strength of the solution is strictly observed:

• treatment of chlorosis - concentration 0.05%;
• fight against oidium, mildew - 4 or 5%;
• autumn processing of grapes - from 3 to 5%;
• fight against lichens, mosses - concentration 3%;
• spring treatment of plants after removal protective coating– from 0.5 to 1%;
• as a microfertilizer for grapes - from 0.1 to 0.2%, for foliar feeding potatoes, all types of cabbage, tomatoes, the concentration is higher - from 0.5 to 1%;
• treatment of wounds, disinfection of hollows, whitewashing of trunks - 10%;
• fertilizer for digging along with compost - a concentration of 10% (for 10 kg of organic matter, take 100 g of ferrous sulfate);
• treatment of raspberry bushes, currants - the concentration of the solution is 2.5%;
• during the growing season, the solution is not stronger than 1%, after dropping the leaves - 5%;
• prevention of scab, black cancer, septoria - a strong remedy, the concentration of the solution is 5%;
• destruction of house fungus - 15%, for whitewashing the walls of cellars, storages with grain, a 6% solution is needed;
• the fight against black spot on roses is a rather weak solution, the concentration is 0.3%.

On a note! In the spring, spraying is carried out in mid-April, when the air and soil warmed up, the pests woke up and had time to lay their eggs. autumn processing starts after the leaves are shed. Interseasonal spraying is the prevention of the penetration of dangerous pests.

Advantages

Ferrous sulfate in the form of a crystalline powder has many advantages:

• a wide range of activities;
• protection of many horticultural crops, vine from diseases and pests;
• the benefits of spring / autumn processing of the garden, greenhouses, gardens;
• active fungicidal properties: destruction of the fungus on the walls of basements, granaries;
• ease of preparation of the working solution: iron sulfate II must be dissolved in water, and the composition is ready for use;
• long shelf life of crystals without loss of useful properties;
• iron is in the composition of sulfate in a form easily accessible to fruit trees, vegetables, shrubs;
• with the right concentration of the solution - a rather delicate effect on plants;
• the working solution is suitable for spraying vegetable, fruit, berry crops;
• good disinfectant country toilet, cesspool;
• iron sulphate is actively used for fertilizer different cultures;
• manufacturers offer different weights of packages and bags with ferrous sulfate for summer residents and large farms;
• the cost of iron sulfate is quite acceptable compared to some types protective equipment and fertilizers.

disadvantages

Like any gardening agent, ferrous sulfate II has disadvantages:

• for different types plants, disinfection, pest control, as a microfertilizer, for processing in autumn and spring, its own concentration of the working solution is required. An incorrect dosage of green-blue crystals per liter of water worsens the result, often provokes leaf damage or does not give a noticeable effect from the procedure;
• water easily washes away particles of the substance, you need to wait until dry, windless, cloudy weather is established;
• ferrous sulfate does not destroy pests wintering in the soil or tree bark. Late application of the solution harms the future crop and the tree itself.

Application in horticulture against pests

Ferrous sulfate solution effective remedy to destroy dangerous insects, damaging fruit and berry and vegetable crops. With careful spraying of trees, almost half of the individuals of the apple sucker die, damaging many plants. Often, after spraying, not only adult insects die, but also larvae, eggs laid by pests.

Iron vitriol destroys:

• codling moth;
• leaf beetles;
• sawflies.

On a note! The gardener must focus not only on the calendar, but also on the temperature of the air and soil. With early processing of trees and soil, pests sleep, there are no ovipositions, time and money are wasted. With late spraying of pears, plums, apple trees, fruit trees may be damaged, and pests wintering in the bark will continue to winter.

Iron vitriol protects plants in the garden from many dangerous diseases:

• false and real powdery mildew;
• black spot;
• septoria;
• scab;
• gray rot;
• spotty necrosis;
• black cancer;
• anthracnose;
• clasterosporiasis.

Mosses and lichens rarely settle on fruit trees and shrubs treated with ferrous sulfate. When undesirable organisms appear on the trunks, a 3% concentration of ferrous sulfate solution will cleanse the plants of growths. When spraying, spray the product not only on plants, but also on the ground. Green leaves cannot be treated with an active compound: burns are possible.

iron sulphate as a fertilizer

The good availability of the active substance in the composition of ferrous sulfate explains the active use of vitriol solution for feeding many vegetable crops and fruit trees.

For foliar feeding, dissolve 5–10 g active agent in a small amount of water, bring the volume to 10 liters. This method is suitable for fertilizing tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage. A good option- combine 10 kg of compost with 100 g of vitriol crystals to fertilize plants in the garden.

Helpful Hints:

• from iron sulfate it is easy to get quite expensive and effective remedy- iron chelate. For 10 liters of water you will need 2 tbsp. l. citric acid. After the crystals are completely dissolved, add ferrous sulfate - 1 tablespoon;
• it is forbidden to mix bluish-green powder with lime. When iron and calcium come into contact, compounds are formed that plants in the garden do not absorb well. Perfect option- prepare a working solution in soft water.

Mold use

Ferrous sulfate is an inexpensive, effective remedy for eliminating granaries, basements. The toxic effect is minimal, the mold leaves the treated surfaces well.

Application Features:

• you will need a solution of vitriol of medium concentration: for 10 liters of slightly warm water, take 100 g of bluish-green crystals;
• for ease of application, pour a little clay into a bucket with a prepared product for a more viscous consistency;
• walk along the walls of the cellar or granary with a brush, carefully process all areas;
• the optimal time for mold prevention is autumn;
• processing is carried out twice, after the procedure, ventilate the cellar well.

Mold control, prevention of fungal infections, spraying of plants should be carried out in protective clothing. Be sure to wear a respirator, rubber gloves, protective plastic goggles, make sure that the liquid does not get on your hands or eye area. Iron vitriol is less toxic than copper sulfate, but care must be taken. If liquid comes into contact with eyes or skin, rinse immediately running water. In case of severe irritation, visit a dermatologist or optometrist.

For normal growth and development of plants, you need to monitor their health. Iron sulfate is often used not only for treatment, but also for disinfection of plants. You can read about what kind of substance it is and how to use it in one case or another in the article below.

What is iron sulfate?

ferrous sulfate

Before studying the use of a substance in horticulture, you must first find out what it is. Iron sulfate is ferrous sulfate. It is obtained by the reaction of the interaction of ferrous iron and sulfuric acid. Iron sulphate is blue-green crystals that dissolve very easily in water.

Unlike copper sulfate, which has blue crystals, iron sulfate has blue-green crystals. It is by color that these two drugs are distinguished on the market at the time of purchase or immediately before use.

The use of iron sulfate in horticulture

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The use of iron sulfate in horticulture is the most diverse. So, for what purpose is the drug suitable?

• For the treatment of fungal diseases on shrubs and trees.
• For the treatment of vineyards from oidium, anthracnose and gray rot.
• To combat spotting on roses.
• For disinfection of pagon cuts and twigs on shrubs and trees.

Iron vitriol is one of the few drugs that are completely safe for plants. It has a contact action, which means that the substance penetrates into the intercellular structure of the plant without accumulating in it.

• For the destruction of pests.
• For processing storages for vegetables, fruits, disinfection of boxes, garden tools.
• For the destruction of lichens and mosses.
• Like fertilizer in the field.

Dilutions of iron sulphate

Any drug should be used according to the instructions. Iron sulfate is no exception. If you dilute it incorrectly, the plant may die or deteriorate. So, how to dilute the drug correctly?

1. The breeding container must be absolutely clean. If it was previously used for chemicals, then you need to wash it thoroughly.
2. The container is suitable for plastic or glass. Metal containers should not be used, because they will simply deteriorate.
3. The solution is stirred slowly and thoroughly. It also does not hurt to let it brew so that the crystals dissolve well, and then mix again.
4. Any manipulations are carried out strictly with gloves.

Pest control

In order for iron sulfate to help in solving the problem, and not to harm, it must be used in the correct dosage. So, in the case of pest control and their larvae, it is necessary to spray trees (shrubs) and near-stem circles in the spring, before the buds open.

Processing of young shrubs and trees is carried out with copper sulphate only once a year.

It is necessary to use a solution at a concentration of 5%. In other words, 500 g of sulfate is taken per 10 liters of water. Such processing is carried out 2 times a year - once in the spring and the second in the fall.

How to deal with lichens and mosses?

Lichen control

Ferrous vitriol is a strong remedy for lichens and mosses, which can lead to damage to bushes and trees in the garden. How do you take off the fight? Shrubs and stone fruits in this case are treated with a 3% solution of iron sulfate, and pome trees - 5%. Spraying is carried out 2 times with a break of 2 weeks, first in spring and then in autumn. During these two times, moss and lichen completely fall off the bark.

If lichen and moss very often infect crops, it is worth regularly whitening the plants with a special mixture in autumn or spring. It is made from a 5% solution of iron sulphate and a small amount ash. Bleach this mixture and damaged twigs to disinfect them.

The use of iron sulphate

Iron vitriol treats many fungal diseases. In this case, a concentration of 3% is used. For plants, a preparation is prepared according to the following recipe: 10 liters of water, 300 g of iron sulfate. After mixing, you need to carry out 2-3 treatments with a break of a week.

The dangerous disease chlorosis is also treated by spraying with iron sulphate. To prepare the solution, you need to mix 10 liters of water and 50 g of vitriol. Processing is carried out several times with a break of 5-7 days. It is important that the leaves of the plant regain their natural, green color. In the case when chlorosis regularly affects plants, it is worth carrying out preventive spraying weekly. For this, a weak solution is used - 10 g / 10 liters of water.

How to process grapes?

For grapes, iron is a very important mineral, so this particular crop needs regular treatment with iron sulphate. It is applied either by spraying or under the root during irrigation. So before processing grapes, you need to decide what it is for.

Foliar top dressing allows you to treat the culture from diseases or maintain its strength at certain points in development.

• In early spring, a 1% solution is used to strengthen the vine.
• In the case of fighting fungal diseases, it is worth treating the culture with a 4-5% solution.
• Autumn processing involves spraying with 3-5% liquid.

Interesting!

If a in early spring treat the vine with ferrous sulfate, the buds will bloom a week later. Thanks to this simple method, freezing can be avoided during spring return frosts.

Root top dressing is carried out along with watering. It is used when the vine lacks iron. 10-15 g of ferrous sulfate are poured into a 10 liter bucket, stirred and poured into the root zone.

How to handle trees and shrubs?

spraying trees

In the spring, before the vegetation of the trees begins, and also in the fall, after the end of the growing season, it is recommended to treat the plants with a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate. For shrubs, a concentration of 1% is used. Such spraying protects the culture from diseases and maintains its strength.

In addition, if the tree has been cut, it is also desirable to treat all cut points with iron sulphate. For 10 liters of water, 100 g of ferrous sulfate is used. The cuts are smeared with the substance and left to dry.

Fertilizer Chelate

Not every gardener knows what can be made from iron sulfate good fertilizer- chelate. Its peculiarity is in stimulating photosynthesis in plants. It is being done in the following way. Boil 3 liters of water, then cool and dilute 1 tablespoon of citric acid. After that, you can add 2 teaspoons of iron sulfate. The color of the resulting mass should be light orange. Fertilizer is used no later than 2 hours after preparation, several times throughout the season.

Iron vitriol is very useful and has many different applications. This tool can be the best assistant gardener, if you use it correctly, remember how to breed and always maintain concentration.

Ways to use iron sulphate in the garden for the treatment of trees and shrubs.

Iron vitriol is a well-known remedy that is used seasoned gardeners. Beginners most often prefer pesticides and chemicals, considering them more effective and reliable. In fact, iron sulphate is as effective as fashionable drugs, but much safer.

Ferrous vitriol, use in gardening in the spring: instructions

Our grandfathers used this salt very often, as there were not enough chemicals in it. At the same time, ferrous sulfate is completely safe, unlike pesticides.

How to prepare a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate for spraying trees and plants?

Tree trunks and shrubs are treated with this solution. Processing is carried out after there are no leaves left on the trees. That is, in spring and autumn. You can process with a brush or sprayer. Excellent tool copes with moss and lichen.

Instructions for preparing a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate:

• Take liter jar and fill it with water. It is best to use a measuring cup. It is necessary that the water was 1000 ml.
• Pour 30 g of ferrous sulfate into the water. If you don't have a scale, throw in about a tablespoon of salt.
• Stir the mixture thoroughly until the crystals are completely dissolved. The liquid will turn orange.

Tomato chlorosis is a common ailment that often occurs when seedlings are uncontrolledly treated with potassium permanganate. In addition, gland deficiency can appear due to poor soil. At the same time, the leaves of the seedlings turn yellow and green veins are visible. To make sure that the culture does not have enough iron, run a brush dipped in a 0.1% solution of ferrous sulfate over the leaf. It will turn green in a day.

Instructions for using iron sulfate from chlorosis on tomatoes:

• Take a liter warm water and dissolve ½ teaspoon of citric acid in it. Enter a teaspoon with a slide of ferrous sulfate. When the crystals of acid and salt dissolve, you can start processing.
• To do this, the leaves of the seedlings are sprayed from the sprayer. So, iron will act within a day.
• You can water the plants, but iron will be absorbed through the roots only after 3 days.

Processing and fertilizing grapes with iron sulphate in spring: proportions

The processing of grapes with iron sulphate is carried out in autumn and spring. Moreover, the concentration of the solution is different.

Instructions for processing grapes:

• Dissolve 50 g of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water. Processing is carried out in early spring, when there are still no buds and young leaves. Leaf processing can harm the plant.
• After the dissolution of the crystals, the vines are sprayed. Can be applied with a brush.
• In autumn, the solution should be stronger. Processing is carried out after harvesting and pruning grapes.
• Dissolve 300 g of iron salt in 10 liters and treat the shoots in the same way.

Processing currants in the spring with vitriol will get rid of moss, aphids and lichens.

Ferrous sulfate will help get rid of powdery mildew, gray mold and mites. Strawberry spraying is carried out in autumn and spring. Two treatments per year are sufficient.

Instruction:

• Dilute 300 g ferrous sulfate in a bucket of water
• Draw the solution into a spray bottle and spray the leaves
• Pour the rest of the liquid under the stems

The main advantage of iron sulfate is that it not only eliminates pests, but also saturates the plant with iron. Thanks to this, it is possible to strengthen the plant and improve the yield.

Instruction:

• Ferrous sulfate is used in combination with urea. The result will be a highly effective preparation for pests and feeding the apple tree.
• A solution of urea is used for treatment with the addition of iron sulphate at the first spring spraying even before the appearance of the kidneys.
• A weak solution (50 g per 10 liters of water) is used to treat the tree a week after flowering.

Iron vitriol is an inexpensive and effective remedy for aphids, rot, lichens and moss. It allows you to fight chlorosis.

VIDEO: Iron vitriol in the garden

Each owner of a summer house or a private house needs to prepare for winter period. Your future arrangement of affairs in the spring depends on this preparation. Treating the garden in the fall from various diseases and pests, you direct your efforts to a greater extent to clean up from pests and to fight harmful insects, various microorganisms that excite all kinds of diseases, rodents and influence weather conditions. Autumn processing of trees is carried out in order to combat fungal and bacterial diseases as well as some pests. This event is considered preventive. Various infections that have been preserved since autumn will reactivate with the onset of warm days, so caring gardeners are carefully studying how to treat the garden in the fall with urea and iron sulfate from diseases and pests.

Autumn spraying should be done just before the onset of winter, when all the leaves have already fallen. More early processing can lead to negative consequences, such as leaf burn and untimely fall.

Not only will it not bring positive result, but will also lead to a weakening of the garden, which did not have time to get everything nutrients and properly prepare for the winter.

You need to start spraying in November, when there is no longer any danger of damaging the leaves. chemicals. Before starting treatment, old trees need to remove lichens and old bark with a metal brush.

How to spray bushes and trees in autumn

Among gardeners, the most popular treatment of plants after harvesting is 1% Bordeaux liquid. This tool helps to destroy dangerous fungi- pathogens of scab, powdery mildew, rot and other diseases. Using a special pressure bottle or spray gun, all fruit trees, berry bushes (including strawberries), as well as perennial ornamental crops, are carefully sprayed.

After leaf fall, but no later than the end of October, the crown of bushes and trees and the soil under them are sprayed with a solution of urea (urea). This is an excellent prevention of scab and spotting.

Autumn processing of the garden with iron sulphate

Iron vitriol is an antiseptic, fungicidal agent that allows you to fight rot, mold, and fungal diseases of plants. This preparation is the only fertilizer containing iron available to plants. With insufficient intake of such a microelement, premature yellowing and death of young shoots occurs. Most of all, fruit trees suffer from a lack of iron: pears, apple trees, plums, cherries and others. Peaches, roses, raspberry bushes, as well as vegetable crops - cabbage, tomato, potatoes, react sensitively to the lack of ferrous sulfate.

If the plantings are old and they are concerned about such problems as the presence of moss and lichen, then the autumn treatment of the garden with iron sulfate at a concentration of 5-7% will help get rid of them. The main difference between autumn processing with iron sulphate and processing Bordeaux mixture- Do not add lime.

The effect of the treatment with iron sulphate is much less than that of the previous methods, but there are also advantages - this is the saturation of trees with iron, and a distinctive effect on oxidation processes.

For the prevention and treatment of certain plant diseases, it is used together with others. chemicals for complex therapy of plantings. Insecticides can be added to the solution, which will repel unwanted harmful insects.

Autumn processing of the garden with copper sulphate

Autumn spraying with copper sulphate has preventive goals. By the time the buds begin to bloom, the trees will already be protected from diseases. A solution of copper sulfate will help prevent the occurrence of fruit rot, powdery mildew and scab.

The drug is considered a fungicide to combat diseases of berry, fruit (pome and stone fruit), ornamental crops. It is a good prophylactic various kinds fungal diseases on plants. The concentration of copper sulfate is chosen depending on the type of plant. So, for spraying apple and pear trees, as well as quince, it is necessary to make a concentration at the rate of 100 g of the drug per 10 liters of water. And for stone fruits, like plums, cherries, cherries, as well as peaches and apricots, use a different concentration - 50-75 g per 10 liters of water. The same concentration is used for spraying berry bushes. Spraying with copper sulphate is best done in the fall, as in the spring a highly concentrated solution will harm young foliage. But this can be done not earlier than November, since a chemical burn is possible when processing the leaves.

Garden treatment in autumn with urea

This is a highly effective granulating fertilizer containing in an assimilable form the nutrient element nitrogen necessary for the growth and development of plants. Mass fraction in fertilizer it is 46%. Urea is the most popular spray. It can be used both in autumn and spring. AT autumn period the concentration is taken at the rate of 500-700 grams per 10 liters of water.

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At the same time, it burns out many fungal diseases, even some of the pests that are trying to winter on fruit trees. Processing the garden in autumn with urea is chemical treatment rather than fertilizing trees. It is carried out over the entire crown of a tree or berry bush, and the surrounding land around the tree is necessarily sprayed nearby. Almost all pome and stone fruits, as well as berry bushes, are sprayed with urea.

What you need to know when treating the garden with urea in the autumn

When working with urea in the fall, remember:

• urea is organic fertilizers, but their composition is determined by mineral nitrogen-containing components;
• it is a fast-acting concentrate, the properties of which remain for a long period;
• fertilizer quickly disappears, therefore, it requires irrigation of the soil directly, including greenhouse and greenhouse;
• the connection is effective in waterlogged areas;
• biologically active soil retains more nitrogen than alkaline or neutral soil media;
• nitrogen-containing dressings are more effective and safe for the garden in the autumn, when the foliage does not burn when the concentration is violated;
• urea slows down vegetation, delaying flowering from fatal to the ovary spring frosts. This will have a positive effect on the preservation early ripe varieties plums, peach and apricot, and themselves fruit trees preserve the emerging kidneys;
• after spraying in the fall die garden pests, as well as eliminate various diseases garden crops;
• after connecting with the ground, carbamide turns into ammonium carbonate;
• nitrogen-containing compounds do not accept compounds with chalk, lime and simple superphosphates;
• urea helps to get rid of old stumps, provokes their rapid decay;
• autumn treatment of the garden with nitrogen concentrate protects garden plants from early frosts.

One of the most popular pest control agents is iron sulphate, the use of this agent in horticulture in the fall is no less active than in spring.

Iron vitriol has a crystalline appearance, opaque, odorless, in chemistry it is defined as ferrous sulfate or ferrous sulfate. With it, you can improve the condition of old trees, as well as increase the fruitfulness of young ones. It is usually used diluted in water, but different concentrations are needed for different types of plants.

In what cases is iron sulphate used?

Gardeners often resort to the use of iron sulfate, because it is not only effective, but affordable. Actively used to combat:

• insect pests;
• mosses, rot, lichens;
• infection on the surface and in hollows of trees;
• lack of iron;
• fungal plant diseases.

Iron vitriol finds its application not only in gardening, but also in construction as an additional antiseptic in the treatment of wood from fungus, rot and mold.

It should be noted that ferrous sulfate has an increased acidity, when it gets on the leaves it leaves burns, so it should be used to treat trees and shrubs in autumn and spring, when the leaves have not yet appeared or when they have already fallen. Most often, it is at this time that fungal foci occur, the reason for this is plant remains on the surface of plants, as well as the soil around them. In this case, not only trees, but also soil are treated with a solution.

Iron sulfate is also used as a whitewash of plant stems in preventive and disinfection measures. To do this, dilute 100 g of ferrous sulfate in 1 liter clean water.

Solution concentration

There is no single instruction for breeding ferrous sulfate. Experienced gardeners distinguish between different solution concentrations for different types of plants:

1. For stone fruit crops such as apricot, peach, clay, plum, sweet cherry, cherry, you need to make a 3% solution. Method of preparation: Dissolve 300 g of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water. Spray bare branches and trunk before the onset of cold weather. Treat the vine before covering.
2. For fruit pome crops, such as grapes, apple trees, pears, a 4% concentrate is prepared. Method of preparation: 300 g of ferrous sulfate diluted in 10 liters of water.
3. For these types of horticultural crops, it is possible to use a 5-6% solution. Method of preparation: according to the same algorithm as indicated above, it is only necessary to increase the amount of the product - dissolve 500-600 g in 10 liters of water.

Spraying with iron sulphate from harmful insects is carried out with a 5% solution, it is better to carry out the procedure in late autumn. This will help get rid of insects that hibernate in the bark of trees.

For spraying against moss and lichen rot, a 3% solution is used for stone fruits, and a 5% solution for pome plants.

Treatment of trees with iron sulphate in the autumn as a preventive measure is performed with a 1% solution (100 - 150 g of powder per 10-15 liters of water). It is useful to sprinkle with such a concentrate damaged areas plants.

Spraying trees with iron sulphate

Iron vitriol is used as a top dressing for trees with a lack of iron in the soil both in autumn and spring. A sign of iron deficiency is the chlorosis of young leaves, while the old ones retain their color. The increased sensitivity of crops to iron deficiency is most often encountered by owners of grapes, apple trees, plums, and raspberries. To feed the plants, it is necessary to dilute 50 g of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water, treat the trunk and soil every 4-5 days until the green color of the leaves appears.

This substance is able to delay bud break if the treatment is carried out with a 3-6% solution, the delay lasts about 7-10 days. This feature can be used during the spring frosts.

The following disadvantages of this substance are distinguished:

• iron sulphate is not effective in the fight against bacterial diseases plants;
• in the fight against pests and fungi, it is useless in low concentrations (1 percent or less);
• protective action lasts up to 14 days.

Precautionary measures

Do not confuse ferrous sulfate with copper sulphate, which is more dangerous for the human body. Iron vitriol belongs to the third class of toxic substances, the substance is not flammable and not explosive. When working with iron sulphate, special human protection is not required, but care must be taken that the solution does not touch the mucous membranes of the eyes and mouth. If the concentrated solution comes into contact with the skin, it must be washed off immediately. large quantity soapy water.

It is forbidden to store near food and tableware. Thus, there are more advantages in using iron sulphate for processing trees in autumn than in spring period. This is due to the fact that in autumn there are no leaves left that iron sulfate burns. A bare tree can be processed without fear of harming it. It is also very convenient to apply before wintering, providing disinfection to the plant.

To control insect pests and diseases of fruit trees modern market offers a wide range of funds.

Unfortunately, not all of them are effective and have adequate cost, so it is best to use a long-known proven remedy - iron sulphate.

What is iron sulfate?

Substance with chemical name ferrous sulfate, popularly known as ferrous sulfate, has been successfully used in horticulture for several decades.

The drug has the form of a crystalline light green powder, the concentration of the active substance in which is in the region of 53%.

Ferrous vitriol is salt, which is obtained as a result of the interaction of sulfuric acid and ferrous iron. Moreover, each molecule of the substance is associated with seven molecules of water, which turns it into a crystalline hydrate.

Why is it needed?

The most demanded ferrous sulfate among experienced gardeners. He gained such success due to his versatility and relatively low cost.

Processing the garden with iron sulphate is carried out to solve the following problems:

• trunk whitewashing garden trees spring and autumn;
• fight against moss, lichen and other fungal infections of horticultural crops;
• prevention of grape diseases;
• treatment of black spot of roses;
• pest control;
• healing of mechanical damage on the trunks of fruit trees;
• soil saturation with iron.

In addition to processing plants, ferrous sulfate will help get rid of the fungus on the walls of the house and in vegetable stores.

Features of use

Processing the garden with iron sulphate can be carried out twice a year: in early spring and autumn.

Young trees are sprayed only after winter before bud break. The old ones need to be processed in the fall.

Lime must not be added to the solution; it is used in combination with copper, not iron, vitriol.

In addition to seasonal differences in the use of ferrous sulfate, its concentration in solutions differs for different purposes:

1. Processing the garden in the spring with iron sulphate to combat fungal infections of fruit trees is carried out with a 5% solution of the drug.
2. Prevention of diseases is carried out at a concentration of 0.5–1%.
3. The processing of roses requires a smaller amount of active substance - only 0.3%.
4. Berry bushes are sprayed with a solution containing up to 4% of the drug.
5. Autumn processing of the garden requires more concentration - 7%.

Young trees are covered with thin bark, so the content of the drug for spraying them should be slightly less than for old ones. This fact must be taken into account, especially when processing twice a year.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any plant treatment, iron sulphate has a number of pros and cons to use. The first ones include:

• a wide range of applications;
• low price;
• low level of toxicity for humans upon external exposure (dangerous only if it comes into contact with mucous membranes and skin at high concentrations, to avoid damage, simply rinse with water);
• high efficiency in the fight against fungal diseases;
• the drug does not penetrate into parts of the plant, it acts only from the outside.

On the list of disadvantages ferrous sulfate usually include the following facts:

All negative sides treating the garden with iron sulphate can lead to serious consequences.

To avoid them carefully study the instructions for use of the drug and strictly adhere to its recommendations.

Iron vitriol is a popular remedy used to protect the garden from pests and diseases. Autumn processing of the garden with this tool in the fall is no less active than in the spring. Ferrous vitriol is ferrous sulphate (iron sulfate). On sale it can be seen in crystalline form, the crystals are odorless. With this fertilizer, you can increase the fruitfulness of young trees, improve the condition of old trees. When treating the garden with iron sulphate in autumn, fertilizer is used in the form of a solution, only different crops need a solution of different consistency.

Purpose of iron sulphate and its application

Experienced gardeners often use ferrous sulfate. He has low cost, effective in the fight against insect pests, diseases, saturates the soil with iron. Processing a garden with iron sulphate can immediately solve several problems at once:

• fight against lichen, moss and mushrooms of horticultural crops;
• whitewashing tree trunks in the garden in autumn and spring;
• treatment of spotting varieties of roses;
• spraying fruit trees to protect against pests;
• soil saturation with iron;
• restoration of old trees;
• treatment of mechanical damage to fruit tree trunks;
• prevention of grape diseases.

Ferrous sulfate is successfully used to remove fungus in vegetable stores, greenhouses, house walls.

It should be noted that iron sulphate has hyperacidity, causes burns when it comes into contact with leaves. It is necessary to use iron vitriol for processing trees when the leaves have already fallen off in the fall, or when they have not yet appeared in early spring. It is at this time that plants are susceptible to fungal infections.

To destroy the fungus, the soil and the fruit trees themselves are treated with a solution of ferrous sulfate. Whitewashing of trunks with iron sulphate is carried out in disinfection and preventive measures. 100 grams of fertilizer is diluted in a liter of clean water.

Iron sulfate to fight disease

Ferrous sulfate is actively and effectively used to prevent the following diseases:

• pear and apple scab;
• alternariosis;
• grape oidium;
• powdery mildew (false and real);
• coccomycosis;
• anthracnose;
• gray rot.

This fertilizer does not protect against bacterial infections. Therefore, when growing indoor flowers, it is practically not used.

Preparation of solutions of different concentrations

We will not be able to give a single instruction for the preparation of a solution of iron sulfate. It simply does not exist, a solution of different concentrations is required to process different crops. This can be seen from the table.

For the treatment of stone fruit crops (apricot, cherry, sweet cherry, plum, peach), a 3% solution is suitable. To prepare it, you need to take 300 g of crystalline fertilizer, dissolve it in a 10 liter bucket of water. Before the onset of cold weather, this solution should be sprayed on the trunk and bare branches of plants, trees and shrubs.

For the processing of fruit pome crops (grapes, pears, apple trees), a 4% solution is needed. In some cases, a 5 or 6% solution may be used. The solution is prepared according to the same recipe, only the amount of fertilizer itself is increased - they take 400-500-600 grams per 10 liters of liquid, respectively. Spraying trees with a solution from insect pests should be carried out in late autumn. The solution will help get rid of those insects that hide in the bark of trees.

Against lichen and moss rot, autumn spraying is used with a 3% solution for stone fruits, and 5% for pome trees. As a preventive measure, treatment with a 1% solution is sufficient. It is held in autumn. It is enough to spray the damaged parts of the plant with a solution.

Treatment of trees with iron sulphate is also carried out as a top dressing. It is necessary for crops that suffer from a lack of iron in the soil. The fact that there is little iron in the soil is indicated by the chlorosis of young leaves, while old leaves retain their color. You can spray trees in spring and autumn.

Gardeners who grow apples, grapes, raspberries and plums often find crops suffering from iron deficiency. How to dilute the mixture? To feed plants, you need to take 50 g of iron sulfate per 10 liters of water. It is necessary to work the soil and the trunk every five days until the leaves turn green.

Iron vitriol can delay bud break. For example, after treatment with a 3-6% solution, the delay will be 7-10 days. During the period of spring frosts, you can take advantage of this circumstance to delay development until it warms up.

ferrous sulfate fertilizer

Iron vitriol can be used to prepare a valuable fertilizer - iron chelate. It refers to world fertilizers, which is used for the prevention and treatment of non-infectious chlorosis. It contains ferrous iron, this form is the most accessible to plant cells.

To prepare this fertilizer, you need to take two liters of water, add 5 g of citric acid to it. In a separate bowl, dilute 8 g of iron sulfate in two liters of warm water. Stir, stirring, pour the vitriol solution into the citric acid solution. Add another liter of water to the mixture.

You will get five liters of a 0.5% clear solution of an unusual orange color. How to apply this microfertilizer for spraying? After preparing the solution, the fertilizer should be used immediately. It is effective for many cultures.

Advantages and disadvantages of using iron sulfate

Any fertilizer for the treatment of garden plants has its pros and cons. The benefits of using ferrous sulfate include:

• low price;
• a wide range of applications;
• with external exposure, a low level of toxicity;
• high efficiency in the fight against fungal diseases;
• acts on the outer parts of the plant without penetrating inside.

Disadvantages of using iron sulphate:

• For a full effect, it takes about 24 hours, it begins to act two hours after application. If it rains during this period of time, it will wash off the remedy, processing the garden in the fall from pests and diseases will be useless.
• There is a low efficiency of the drug against insect pests. Additional funds are required.
• It can only be applied during the period when there are no leaves on the trees: late autumn for winter or early spring.

The use of iron sulfate: safety measures

Iron sulfate is less dangerous to the human body than blue vitriol. Officially, it belongs to the 3rd class of toxic substances, which is not explosive and does not ignite. When working with iron sulphate, no special protection is required, it is important that the solution does not get on the mucous membranes of the mouth and eyes.

If the ferrous sulfate solution comes into contact with the skin, wash it with soap and water. Fertilizers must be stored in the category of chemicals, away from tableware and food. Apply solution better in autumn than in spring. At this time, the trees are already bare, the leaves have fallen off and they are not threatened with burns from iron sulfate. The use of iron sulfate before wintering allows disinfection.

Must comply following rules so that the fertilizer cannot cause harm:

• You should always carefully read the instructions on the package, do not exceed the proportions.
• Vitriol should be diluted in plastic, enamel or glassware.
• It is necessary to protect your hands with rubber gloves when handling.
• Ferrous vitriol must not be mixed with lime! Lime is combined only with copper sulfate.
• You can store crystalline ferrous sulfate for an unlimited time, avoiding moisture.