How to make a semicircular roof. Arched roof - a fresh look at the architecture of a private house

Today, among the habitual hardened master of roofing structures, an arched roof has taken a firm place. This roof design makes the house not only original and interesting, but also protects it from excessive wind load. In addition, it is the arcuate overlap that makes it possible to let in maximum light into the room if transparent polycarbonate is chosen as the roof. About the advantages and disadvantages of such a domed roof and the principles of its installation in the material below.

The use of arched roofs is now widespread throughout the world. Now in Russia they began to introduce such a design into the architectural field. In particular, such a roof is justified on such objects:

• Swimming pools and indoor sports grounds;
• Stop pavilions and sheds for transport;
• Greenhouses and conservatories;
• Arched country house;
• Capital buildings, such as powerful hangars, production shops etc.

Important: by the way, frameless roofs made of metal profile. Such structures have great rigidity and strength, which allows you to mount large rooms without the use of a complex truss system.

Pros and cons of a semicircular roof

It is worth knowing that arched roofs carry a lot of advantages both for the house itself and for its owner. Main positive moments such arcuate overlap are:

• Reducing the wind load on the floor of the house. That is, moving along a sloping roof, the wind does not experience resistance, which means it does not tear off the roof and does not loosen the truss system.
• Unhindered convergence of snow crusts from the roof. Such a moment is important, since precipitation in the form of snow has additional pressure on the cover.
• Possibility to fill the room natural light(subject to the use of a transparent roof).
• Significant savings in attic space. The absence of a complex truss system ensures this.

But the semicircular roof has some disadvantages. These include:

• Some complexity of installation. Especially if load-bearing frame the master decides to make from wood.
• The impossibility of using any vending material as a roofing material.

Arched Roof Coating Materials

As a rule, light roofing materials with a certain elasticity are used to cover the arches of the roof. In particular, as a roof can be used:

• Sheets of galvanized steel. Such a material, with its flexibility, is able to form both a coating and a supporting rigid frame at the same time. Moreover, steel with galvanized coating is resistant to corrosion.
• Plastic roll slate. The coating is made of polymers and has excellent elasticity. Such roofing material has a smooth surface and a strong structure, which allows the master to use this material as an arched one.
• The profile flooring is arched. In this case, the coating has the structure of a standard profiled sheet. The only difference between these two types of coatings is their shape. Arched already has an arched shape. Its advantage is that such material can be mounted on the roof frame already in whole fragments.

Important: arched corrugated board must be ordered from the manufacturer according to the parameters of the arched roof (span width, height of its walls and arc height).

• The beam is glued. With careful installation and a properly selected profile, you can also make a wooden timber roof. And although this option is not profitable in terms of durability, nevertheless, from the aesthetic side, such a roof looks environmentally friendly and attractive.
• Drywall or plywood. From above, the materials will need to be covered with any type of roofing material. shingles etc.
• Light-conductive coatings(polycarbonate). Today it is the most popular for overlapping arches.

Roof frame materials

As for the materials for creating the roof frame, a variety of materials can be used. However, they should be divided into materials for use in capital industrial construction or for use in private work. So, for capital construction, you can use:

• Reinforced concrete. For the installation of such arches, complex special equipment is required, and the work will be very labor-intensive. Therefore, private masters do not work with such material.
• Frameless profile sheets. It was written about them above that such material simultaneously performs both the function of a rigid frame and the function of a roofing covering.

In private construction, for the arch frame, you can use:

• Wooden arched rafters. The creation of such roof elements is up to the carpenter. Or you can order such rafters in a carpentry workshop. Most often they look like arcs or semi-arcs glued from thin boards.
• metal steel profile(square tube). A material that is durable and resistant to stress, but requires some effort in profile bending.
• aluminum pipes. Ideal for arched roof frame. Aluminum is not subject to corrosion, is quite simple to work with and easy to erect the frame. And with the strengthening of such legs with spacers, the roof can withstand any roofing material.

Important : for the device of an arcuate greenhouse, you can use pipessPVC.

Do-it-yourself arched roof on an aluminum profile

To build a semicircular roof with your own hands, you need to prepare aluminum pipes with a section of 5 cm and a length of 5-6 m. And to cover the roof, in our case, we will take translucent polycarbonate of any shade. But it is worth remembering that although such a coating is modern and attractive, it is still better to use it for constructing a roof-canopy over a car, a pool roof or an extension roof. Since in the summer indoors under such a roof it will be very hot.

Important: polycarbonate tends to expand when heated under the sun. Therefore, when attaching the roofing sheets, it is necessary to leave a technical gap for the expansion of the roof.

Calculation of the roof arc

• To calculate the length of one arc and its radius, you need to take a sheet of graph paper and put on it on a scale the width of the span of the arch (the distance from one wall of the house to another) and its desired height above the span.
• Having measured everything and received the data, they are transferred to a sheet of graph paper.
• Now, in the center of the span on the diagram, we install a compass and, resting its second end with a pencil on the edge of one wall according to the diagram, draw an even circle.
• Inside the circle, you need to draw an even hexagon.
• The resulting lengths of the sides on the scale will be the lengths of one arc, which will have to be added. In our case, for an arched roof, add three such lengths.

Important: arch arcs can be made not from a single pipe, but from its parts. In this case, two semi-arcs can join in the upper part of the arch, forming a steeper or less steep bend.

Frame installation

Pipes must be bent using a special bend, pre-forming cuts on the profile. It is important to remember that the more notches there are on the profile, the less steep the bending radius will be. And accordingly, the fewer notches, the greater the bending radius. Notches on the profile must be placed with the same pitch.

• The resulting arcs are attached with special brackets to the Mauerlat made of wood. And reinforce the design with special stiffeners. You can use a tree or a metal profile for this.
• Along the entire perimeter of the arcs installed in increments of 50-70 cm, a crate is attached. For polycarbonate, the crate pitch can also vary within 70 cm. But it is better to make it equal to the width of one sheet. So the installation of polycarbonate will be more convenient.
• When attaching roof sheets, it is necessary to make holes in them for self-tapping screws in advance. Moreover, the holes should be a few mm larger with the expectation of expanding the coating.

Important: for mounting polycarbonate, you need to use special self-tapping screws with tight washers and decorative covers.

• The gables of the roof are closed by any comfortable material. The one from which the box of the house is built will look beautiful.

Tip: if you are not confident in your abilities when calculating the parameters of the arc, then use the services of professionals or at least use a special program to calculate the parameters of the arch.

If you want to surprise your neighbors with an unusual roof structure, a great option is a house with a semicircular roof. The non-standard form is not its only advantage, there are others:

• In winter, snow does not accumulate on such a roof;
• In rainy times, water does not stagnate;
• Wind resistance is higher than that of roofs with flat slopes;
• There is more space in the attic than with straight slopes;
• For coating is suitable any material, except for rigid profile;
• Huge variety of design solutions.

How to make a semicircular roof? Let's figure it out.

I will say right away: building a semicircular roof is not easy. Not so much even the installation itself will cause difficulties, but drawing up a diagram and calculating the structure.

Samples of semicircular roofs

A semi-circular roof is, in fact, any roof with arched slopes. Lots of options:

• The roof with a ridge is gable, only the slopes are not flat, but arched;

• Roof for a balcony in the form of a half dome or cone;

• Roof for a greenhouse or greenhouse in the form of a semi-barrel. A common design is a semicircular greenhouse, entirely made of polycarbonate;

• Shed roof: arc - slope, high wall - glazed. A good solution for a pavilion or winter garden;

• The roof is hipped: the hips are not flat, but arched, etc.

What materials are suitable?

For the truss system it is easier to use metal carcass. Unlike a wooden beam, it can be of any shape. It all depends on the type of building:

• For the roof of a house designed for heavy loads, steel trusses can be used. Similar trusses are used for industrial buildings and hangars;
• For gazebos, greenhouses, balconies, you can use arched aluminum profiles;
• Aluminum is enough for a polycarbonate roof;
• If heavy coverage is planned (for example, ceramic tiles) - steel;
• You can make arched timber rafters: a long broken line consisting of straight sections.

note

The manufacture of such rafters is an energy-intensive task; it is easier to purchase metal trusses. But, firstly, the acquisition of farms will cost more. And secondly, for the roof of the house, which is expected to be heavily loaded, it will take a heavy steel frame. Wood is lighter and will place less stress on bearing walls and foundation.

Coating options

• Polycarbonate;
• Type-setting wooden roof - shingle, wood chips, shingles.

Is it possible to make a semicircular roof with your own hands?

You can create a sketch for a drawing like this:

1. Draw a circle to scale.
2. Inscribe an equilateral polygon in it.
3. Half or a third of the polygon - this will be yours wooden arch. Measure the lengths of the sections and the angles between them.

The truss system of the half-rib roof is hanging. The ends of the arc-arch are pulled together with crossbars.

The roof frame will consist of the following parts:

1. Mauerlat. For a half-barrel - standard rectangular, as for ordinary pitched roofs.
2. Arched roof trusses.
3. Depending on the expected load - reinforcing struts.
4. Runs, they are roof stiffeners.

note

The boards of adjacent sections of the arches are connected with an overlap. During installation, the joints between the sections should fall on the side runs.

Installation is similar to the installation of pitched roofs:

1. On brick or concrete walls put a screed. Threaded studs are immured into it in increments of one meter.

2. Roofing material or other insulating material is laid on the screed.

3. Put a Mauerlat bar, fix it with nuts on top.

4. Roof trusses are installed on the floor beams with the same pitch.

5. Mount the side runs.

6. Depending on the purpose of the roof, they make or do not make a roofing cake. For gazebos, greenhouses with polycarbonate roofing and other structures with cold roof roofing cake is not required.

7. For roofs with opaque roofing mount the counter-lattice and the crate.

8. Lay the roofing material in accordance with the instructions for it.

This simple design semicircular roof, it is best used for garden buildings and other lightweight structures.

The roof of the house requires more complex calculations, and installation is energy-intensive. If you are interested in such a project, please contact us. We have extensive experience in roofing. We will perform for you a roof of any shape reliably, efficiently and at an affordable price.

You can see a photo report of our work with prices and descriptions, made in Moscow and the Moscow region.

As part of the topic “how to choose a roof for a house?” we have already considered gable and mansard roofs, as well as four-pitched with multi-tongue. But this is only a small part of the entire roofing variety. In this article, we will talk about flat and vaulted roofs.

Flat roof

A flat roof is not the most popular solution in. It is understandable - it needs careful care, and urban buildings have literally discredited flat roofs as a good idea. design solution. But flat roofs are full of interesting advantages.

Appearance

Flat roofs are suitable for minimalist styles of architecture: functionalism, Wright style, constructivism. Actually, such a roof does not have any artistic features, but it gives the house a geometric and modern shape.

Construction complexity

The main difficulty in the construction of a flat roof is to ensure its strength. It must withstand heavy loads of snow (and sometimes water). And for large areas, it will require additional supports.

Wind and water are not terrible for a flat roof, but snow is a real test for it. During the winter, a lot of precipitation can pile on it, but why? firstly, you need to take care of its heating, and secondly, sometimes get up and manually clean off the snow. And, of course, to do its strengthening at the stage.

An attic on a flat roof cannot be placed even with a very strong desire. But from it you can make something like an "open floor" - place furniture, add plants, stretch an umbrella or an awning: in general, it will be arranged with all conveniences. True, for the winter all this stuff will have to be removed from the roof.

Verdict: flat roof - perfect option for houses in a modern style, if it is not difficult to keep an eye on it and sometimes clean it from snow. However, you can calculate such a moment in advance and simply make the roof stronger.

vaulted roof

The vaulted, or, as it is also called, the arched roof, resembles a cropped cylinder. It is rarely installed in residential country houses- much more often it can be seen in greenhouses, greenhouses or sheds. But with the right approach and choice of materials, a vaulted roof will look great in the house too!

Appearance

Lack of corners and squat appearance vaulted roof Good for modern style homes. In some cases, such a roof can also be placed in Baroque and Rococo buildings, but you will need to carefully consider the choice of tiles.

Construction complexity

If the vaulted roof is not built in an ensemble with other types, then both its design and implementation are not very difficult. Even the consumption of materials is less due to the lack of tongs.

Weather resistance

If wind and rain are not terrible for a vaulted roof, then snow can cause a lot of inconvenience. The vaulted roof often has too gentle slopes and the snow lingers on it for a long time. Therefore, it is worth taking care of additional supports at the design stage. country house, as well as snow protection measures of the roof.

Possibility of loft location

Vaulted attic? Yes and no. A sloping, arched roof pressed against the upper floor will not allow reaching the required height of the attic. However, vaulted roofs have one big advantage: if you lift it up and make it out of glass, you get something like a greenhouse roof. With the climate control of such an attic, you will have to tinker a lot, but the result is worth it. True, it is unlikely that you will find ready-made house designs with such a non-standard design.

Verdict: Not the most practical and nice looking roof. However, if you take its design seriously, it can decorate almost any home.

What to choose?

If a flat roof good decision for houses in a minimalist style, then the vaulted one as a whole is difficult to aesthetically design if it is the only one. Therefore, the answer to the question "how to choose a roof for a house?", First of all, will depend on the architectural style. And you can approach the creation of such a project of a country house on your own.

Or you can turn to a pro. Our architects know a lot about design, and therefore they will create for you a creative and stylish project houses with flat or vaulted roofs. And there the matter remains small - to implement.

In essence, there can be no completely round roof. The roof structure can be conical or domed. Such a roof can be called round only conditionally, as it frames a round building, for example. As roofing material for such roofs, natural tiles or metal are usually used, but in Lately the so-called soft tile based on bitumen is becoming more common.

It should also be especially noted that in order to build a truss system for such a roof, you need to carry out a lot of calculations and drawings. So, you need to have considerable knowledge in the field of higher mathematics and drawing. If there is no such knowledge, then the most optimal way out of the situation would be to turn to the services of specialists.

If we describe the truss system that equips a house with a round roof, then it should be said that it is mounted according to the layered principle. The stiffeners or rafters rest with one end on the annular mauerlat, which is laid along the perimeter of the walls of the building, and with the other end on the annular run, which is attached to the central bearing pillar. Several such runs can be equipped, depending on the height of the roof.

Note! The installation of a central pole will entail an increased load on ceilings, which should be taken into account when designing and choosing a roofing material.

If it is assumed that the future roof will have a domed shape, then the rafters should be in the form of arches, which are also attached with one edge to the base on the wall, and the second to the ring support mounted at the top of the central pillar.

CONE ROOF

In order to better understand the essence of the manufacturing process of a cone-shaped roof, it is necessary to consider in more detail the technology of its production.

· First of all, waterproofing is laid under the Mauerlat. To do this, you can use the familiar and well-known roofing material.

After its installation, the Mauerlat itself is mounted, which can be used as wooden beam section from 150 × 150 mm, depending on the length of the rafters. The Mauerlat is attached to the wall with anchor bolts.

· After installing the Mauerlat, it is necessary to install a central pillar, which will serve as a support for the entire truss system. It is attached to the base with the help of supporting slopes made of timber or boards with a thickness of 40 mm or more. Please note that before installing bearing pillar in its upper part, you need to fix the second support ring for the rafters, made of timber.

When the pole is installed, you can proceed to the assembly of the truss system itself. For its manufacture, it is most advisable to use glued wooden beams. This material is able to withstand fairly large mechanical loads, despite the fact that it is affordable and versatile. The assembly of the rafters consists in their laying and fixing to the supporting elements. This is done using building corners. The distance between the supporting elements depends on the diameter of the roof, but should not be more than 50 - 70 cm, otherwise the truss system will not be able to perform its supporting functions.

· If the roof height is more than two meters, then an additional support ring is mounted, which will support the roof. This ring is fixed to the rafters with self-tapping screws or otherwise, and is attached to the pole with spacers.

After the truss system is ready, you can proceed to the next stages of installation. Further fit waterproofing material. You can attach it to the rafters and the crate using a stapler.

After waterproofing, you can proceed to the installation of roofing.

As mentioned above, since the truss system round roof is a geometrically complex structure, its design is best entrusted to specialists.

Note! It is better to pay and get high-quality and accurate calculations than to save money and make a mistake, because of which, after a while, the roof will leak or even collapse. This type of roofing is usually used for round or multi-faceted houses with a layered truss system. For support, there is an annular run fixed on the central column. The run is mounted so that the top point of the cone is not loaded. The second support is an annular Mauerlat, which is mounted along the wall of the turret. Ceiling beams must be designed so that maximum load was in the area of ​​​​the central pillar, to which, in turn, the ridge annular run is attached with braces. To calculate the nodes of the rafter system of houses with such a roof, it is better to involve specialists

DOME ROOF

This type of roof is built using a hanging truss system. Usually this is a 3-hinged arch, consisting of hanging rafters. One end of the arch rests on the mauerlat (laid along the wall), the other end on the support ring.

The domed roof, the structure, a photo of how the final version should look like - all this is on the website of our construction company, which has the necessary specialists.

Apart from standard view roofs, there is another way of device. Creating a dome formed by triangles. This is also a domed roof - a geodesic dome: a structure with rather complex calculations of an unusual appearance. For fastening the rafters, connector and non-connector methods can be used. The connector method involves assembling triangles with pieces of timber and special locks. The connectorless method involves prefabrication of triangular panels and their collection at the construction site.

A geodesic dome has several advantages:

· More usable space.

· Less cost on the Construction Materials.

· Savings on space heating costs.

· Possibility of glazing the entire dome.

· High performance snow load and wind protection.

Sound insulation is higher than other types of roofs.

· Original appearance.

DOME ROOF

Another option for how to make a roof with a round base is to build it according to a domed pattern. As in the previous case, at the preparatory stage, it will be necessary to carry out calculations and draw up detailed drawings, which are best entrusted to specialists. This approach will avoid design errors. But the construction work itself is quite possible to perform independently.

It is worth saying that in general terms, the process of manufacturing a domed roof truss system is not much different from that described above, but it has some features.

· First, waterproofing is laid on the walls.

After the Mauerlat is installed and fixed.

Then put vertical support post, on which the second support ring is mounted at the top.

Next, you can proceed to the installation of rafters. For their manufacture, wooden arched elements are used, consisting of several sections. At one end, the arch is attached to the Mauerlat, and at the other, to the second support ring at the top of the supporting column. Similar design truss system is called hanging.

Rafter arches should be installed around the post at a distance of approximately 70-90 cm from each other.

· After their installation, a circular crate of unedged boards or timber is installed along their outer area.

· On top of the lathing, waterproofing is laid and, finally, roofing.

GEODESIC DOME

Another way to make a "round" roof is to install the so-called geodesic dome. This technology is most common in Western countries, in particular the United States, but for a general outlook, it is worth getting acquainted with the technology.

So, in general terms, the process of manufacturing a truss system using this technology consists in the fact that triangular elements of the truss system are made from timber trimmings, which, when connected to each other, form a rounded base of the roof.

It should be noted that the connection individual elements produced with the help special items called connectors. In case of their application, assembly general design occurs directly on top of the walls of the building. There is also the so-called connectorless mounting method, in which individual triangles of the structure are assembled in advance, and assembling them in single structure happens later.

It should be noted that the use of such technology allows you to quickly build the necessary structure that will meet all the necessary requirements. operational requirements, and also have a rather interesting and original appearance. It is also impossible not to note the following advantages:

In addition, a fairly large free space is formed inside such a dome, which can be used, including as a living space.

This design requires fewer materials than if other technologies were used.

· The geodesic dome system is not very heavy, which means it will not greatly increase the load on the walls and, therefore, the foundation, which in turn will have a positive effect on savings.

It is also necessary to highlight the excellent strength characteristics of the structure, allowing to cope with significant snow loads, which is important for residents of the northern regions.

Among other things, such a roof will have good performance in terms of aerodynamics, which allows the roof to successfully withstand large wind loads.

ONION ROOFING

Another option for making a roof on a building that has round shape, is the device of the so-called onion roof. It should be noted that this form of roof is usually used during the construction of churches and its use in private construction is hardly appropriate. However, it should be said that cases in life are different and no information will be superfluous.

In general terms, the construction of such a roof occurs according to layered technology, that is truss elements are installed and fixed, as if leaning against the bearing supports, that is, the central pillar and the Mauerlat along the perimeter of the walls. The main difference from other options for the manufacture of truss systems is the very specific shape of the rafters themselves, which provides the roof with a recognizable appearance.

To achieve the required strength indicators, the rafters are additionally reinforced with complex system braces and struts, which are installed in places of greatest load.

Concluding the above, we can add that, in principle, it is possible to build a roof, even if it is round, on your own, but it is better to entrust the calculations necessary for the correct design of the truss system to specialists. Perhaps this is the main thing. The construction work itself can be carried out independently, of course, subject to the availability of certain knowledge and practice in carpentry.

By itself, a round roof is not such a rarity. Most architectural monuments of cult purpose are round roofs: bulbs of Russian churches, domes of Muslim temples. The exception is Catholic Gothic. IN Western Europe domes usually crown secular buildings.

The dome is a common variant of the roofs of urban buildings in individual projects, scientific buildings - observatories, etc. Only in suburban villages, houses with a round roof are rare. Reason - complex installation rafter system. How to make a round roof?

What is a round roof?

Calling the roof round is wrong. It's not completely round.

This group includes any roofs, the shape of which is a figure of rotation or one of its segments:

§ Dome (half or upper third of the ball);

§ Conical roofs;

§ Bulbous roofs;

§ Curvilinear roofs with complex geometry that do not have their own name.

The truss system for all these types of roofs is manufactured in different ways.

The design of the truss system of a round roof
note

Rafter systems for round roofs are usually layered. This implies the presence of additional supports for the rafters inside the structure.

Support points:

§ Ring Mauerlat;

§ Ring run in the upper part of the roof. If the roof is high (above two meters), there may be more than one run;

§ Central pillar. For small structures, one is enough;

§ Additional reinforcing elements (struts, couplers).

The rafters themselves:

§ For bulbs - rounded (often metal trusses are used instead of wood).

§ For domes - rounded arched, made up of several parts. The exception is the so-called. geodesic dome, popular in Western countries: it is assembled from many small triangular wooden sections.

§ Cone - rafter legs straight, based on round annular runs and a round Mauerlat. ridge knot at the top is mounted similarly to hipped roofs.

The order of installation of the system as a whole is similar to the installation of conventional roofs:

1. Laying an insulating layer of roofing felt on the wall.

2. Installing the Mauerlat. For example, a bar 15 by 15 (the section must be indicated in the roof project). The Mauerlat is fixed to the wall with anchor bolts.

3. If the entire building is wooden, do not put a Mauerlat. The rafters rest on the upper crown and are fixed with galvanized nails.

4. Mount the upper annular run on the beam for the support post.

5. Put in the center of the overlap support post. Reinforced with struts about 4 cm thick.

6. Install the rafters in increments of 50-90 centimeters, depending on the project. They are fixed to the Mauerlat and the run with building corners.

note

The general requirement for the installation of the truss system of any roof: pre-treat all elements with fire retardants and antiseptics.

Round roof installation

After the installation of the rafters, the device is carried out roofing cake- same as for others pitched roofs:

§ Vapor barrier;

§ Insulation;

§ Waterproofing;

§ Counter-lattice + crate.

You can limit yourself to one waterproofing (without vapor barrier and insulation) if the roof is cold. But it is quite possible to arrange a warm attic in the dome, there is enough space there. Or your own observatory

Roofing round roofs can be made of different materials:

§ flexible tiles;

§ composite tiles;

§ thin sheet steel (including seam roofs);

§ with some restrictions - ceramic tiles;

§ wooden piece coatings - shingles, shingles, etc.;

§ polycarbonate.

Laying of any of these materials is carried out in accordance with the instructions.

note

Installation of flexible tiles will not be difficult, but for iron it may be required bending machine and/or folding equipment.

If you are planning to make a roof with stacked wooden tiles, do not forget to treat them with all necessary protective compounds and waterproof varnish.

Features of a round polycarbonate roof

Polycarbonate stands apart in a number of roofing materials. Roofs of it are often made near greenhouses, greenhouses, arbors, winter gardens. In any case, these are transparent or translucent roofs; they do not have a roofing pie.

But polycarbonate itself has low thermal conductivity. The building is not completely cold, even in the absence of insulation.

When installing, you need to take into account the features of the material:

1. Drill holes for fasteners in advance. When drilling and cutting, be careful, avoid vibration of the sheets, because. the material is prone to cracking.

2. Suitable for cutting sheets electric jigsaw or circular with a small tooth. The speed is medium: at a low speed, chips appear, a high one can lead to melting of the material.

3. When moisture accumulates inside the sheets, they are blown compressed air(for example, with a vacuum cleaner).

4. Polycarbonate is subject to thermal expansion. Mounting holes should be made a couple of millimeters larger than the diameter of the screw rod.

5. The ends of the blanks of polycarbonate sheets must be glued with waterproof aluminum tape before laying.

6. For the installation of a polycarbonate roof, metal arcuate profiles are used. Installation is carried out along the radius. The frame is built up gradually, as the sheets themselves are attached.

7. protective film from the sheets are removed only at the end of the installation.

8. Sheets can be curvilinearly formed using thermal, vacuum and cold forming.

9. It is impossible to move along the coating; roof ladders and ladders are used during installation.

The installation of a round roof is a complex and energy-intensive process. A small mistake can turn beautiful design into something formless.

The arched or domed roof is mainly used in the construction of buildings such as winter gardens, swimming pools, galleries and stadiums. But more and more often arched roofs can be found in cottage construction, where the building design allows you to mount this type of roof. The domed roof looks very impressive above the hall or above the attic, which is equipped for relaxation.

Design Description

Domed roofs have a peculiar truss structure; wood, concrete or metal are used for their manufacture, and sometimes all together. As a rule, the coating of arched domes is made of translucent materials: special glass, polycarbonate, transparent slate. But sometimes they may not apply transparent materials: copper, galvanized, sheets with titanium coated or a tree.

Domed roofs have many advantages over known standard designs. Aesthetic appeal, such a roof is really original and incredibly beautiful. The shape of the arch or dome makes such roofs very resistant to winds and snow loads, since snow does not linger on such a roof. Using a transparent roofing material, the premises receive a full, daylight, which is very valuable for winter gardens. In technical terms, the domed roof removes a lot of problems, you can cover several rooms at the same time and make a single smooth transition.

Arch or dome structure

The truss bearing elements of these structures have a curved appearance such as a truss or arch, they are made of metal, concrete and wood. For example, for a private low-rise building, heavy concrete structures are not used, so metal and wooden floors. If the building is large, then the load of reinforced concrete trusses is immediately taken into account during construction, so the walls and foundation are made especially strong.

It is worth saying that there are domed roofs of a small area, in the construction of which supports are not used at all, the coating of such roofs is made of durable and at the same time lightweight polycarbonate. Its properties allow you to make a wide variety of roof shapes.

Metal support structures are also very heavy and must be treated regularly to prevent corrosion. Plus, big metal structure creates a strong load on the walls and foundation. Therefore, recently, aluminum profiles have been increasingly used in the construction of domed and arched roofs. Aluminum is very light and at the same time strong, does not corrode, and thin beams are in harmony with the translucent material. Installation of truss supports is greatly simplified and becomes easier.

crate

With an aluminum frame, the same aluminum crate is installed, its pitch is calculated taking into account the thickness and weight of the polycarbonate sheets. The bending of the sheet is also taken into account, it also creates a load. However, the crate is not done here with frequent steps, as a rule, one jumper is placed on the floor of the sheet. Here are the main parameters of the lathing that need to be taken into account when constructing the lathing of domed roofs:

It is necessary to take into account the size of the polycarbonate and its type. If cellular polycarbonate is used, then its length is from 6 to 12 meters, the width is basically standard 2.10 meters;
- sheet-type polycarbonate has smaller dimensions, length 3 m, width 2 m, but here the sheet thickness of 10-32 mm can significantly change the weight;
- it is also necessary to clarify all the characteristics of polycarbonate, since sheets and honeycombs are often made to order and this must be taken into account;
- for the installation of an aluminum frame and lathing, it is necessary to create the most complete and accurate drawing, taking into account all the details, only then you can proceed with the installation;
- polycarbonate and aluminum do not need additional finishing, they blend well and create an original style.

Worth a close look at right choice polycarbonate, a variety of types and thicknesses allows you to optimally select desired material, the main thing is to correctly calculate the weight for the structure. in the rooftops small size, it is possible to create a domed structure without the use of a frame, which makes the roof especially beautiful and airy.

But it is worth remembering that polycarbonate, when exposed to the sun, creates a greenhouse effect, especially with a large coverage area. For rooms covered with a polycarbonate dome, it is necessary to install air conditioning or ventilation.
Fastening sheet and cellular polycarbonate

Proper mount plays important role in strength dome structure made of polycarbonate, there are different methods of fastening for honeycomb or sheet material. It is necessary to take into account the bending capabilities of the polycarbonate and its thickness, as well as take into account the full internal channels that must go in the longitudinal direction. You should also remember about the necessary thermal expansion for sheets when heated.

Often, for sheets of medium size, no more than 3 m, a point type of fastening is used. Do not use ordinary bolts or nails for fastening, otherwise the polycarbonate will crack when expanded. If the coating sheets are up to 6 m in size, then it is necessary to additionally use thermal washers. But with sheets up to 12 m, this will no longer help, so it is recommended to use special polycarbonate that has been hot-formed and has stiffeners. Sheets are pressed from the outside, polycarbonate rails or other materials are used as clamps.

It is advisable to put a gasket between the polycarbonate and the joints with the surface of the truss structure so that oxidative stains do not appear. However, if you use an aluminum profile, then it is already covered with a special rubber or silicone sealant at the production stage.

vaulted roof- This is a type of pitched roofs with a rounded or parabolic shape.

Vaulted roofs have a very low percentage of use in private (cottage) housing construction. Such forms are more used in the construction public buildings and objects.

The expediency of using such a design is justified for overlapping large areas. Private owners sometimes use the form of the vault, adding another form as an element to the roof.

It looks good in a single ensemble, when grouped vaulted roofs create an ordered architectural space.

Recently, a vaulted roof has been increasingly used as an element of several types of composition. modern roofs- flat or single-sided. Arrangement of elements in modern home, covered with a vaulted roof, can be asymmetrical. In this case, it makes sense to repeat the shape of the vault in other elements, for example, in a canopy over the entrance.

The vaulted roof is a complex, extraordinary structure in the form of an arch, so it has another name arched roof. It is not widely used in private construction, most often such structures are built on public and industrial buildings with rectangular shape. In appearance, it resembles a cropped cylinder. Home hallmark buildings of this type are the absence of corners.

Application area

Basically, a vaulted roof is erected on non-residential buildings.

It can be:

Sports complexes, galleries, shopping centers, showrooms, retail space, warehouses, water parks, stadiums, swimming pools, temples.

In the construction of private houses, an arched roof is made for arrangement separately. standing buildings located on the site:

Attics, winter gardens, greenhouses, sheds, gazebos, verandas, terraces, canopies.

In rare cases, the roof of a private house of this form is made, mainly it is used as a decorative element in the roofs of a complex layout. In these cases, it can connect other sections of the roof to each other, giving it a modern, original design and a finished look.

Design features

Its frame is made of trusses, arcs or arches, curved accordingly. They can be made of wood, metal or reinforced concrete. Depending on the purpose and area of ​​the vaulted roof, the material for covering it is selected. Its streamlined shape gives the roof practicality, since precipitation does not accumulate on it, it does not trap air flows. The unusual, complex design of the vaulted roof has an attractive appearance, thanks to which it becomes the main decoration of the entire building.

Types of vaulted roof

Basically, according to the variety, symmetrical (parabolic) or asymmetric

The vaulted roof can be different kind. The main distinguishing feature in this case will be its shape. Related in roundness are the shapes of the roofs:

• dome;
• arched;
• semicircular;
• Lukovichnaya.

Roofing depends on the purpose of the building. different shapes. The onion shape is most often found in temples, but the domed, semicircular and arched forms are used to equip architectural buildings, industrial premises and in private construction.

Materials used for construction and coating

The frame is made from the following materials:

• Wood. Environmentally friendly material, pre-treated with impregnations that protect against decay and fire;
• Metal. In this case apply aluminum profiles, galvanized and copper sheets with a titanium coating;
• Concrete. Provides reliability and strength of the entire structure.

The following materials are used to cover the roof:

• Metal. To do this, use galvanized sheets with the necessary rigidity, arched corrugated board, having a bent radius at a certain angle;
• Polycarbonate. It can be transparent or made in any color. It is lightweight, retains heat well, durable, transmits sunlight;
• Strained glass.

Materials for vaulted roofs must be flexible and durable, if necessary, bend well. When choosing them, you need to take into account the shape of the roof.

Advantages and disadvantages

A roof of this form has many advantages:

• With its help, a favorable microclimate is created indoors;
• It is well ventilated;
• Economical. Its surface area is much smaller than the area of ​​roofs of traditional sizes, so less material is spent on its coating;
• Does not require special maintenance;
• Quickly built;
• Thanks to the streamlined shape air currents do not put pressure on its design;
• Can be used to combine rooms for various purposes;
• She is durable;
• If it is transparent, it provides good, natural lighting to the entire interior space;
• It has an original, attractive appearance both outside the building and inside the building.

The disadvantages of a vaulted roof include complex structure, the impossibility of erecting it on buildings and houses of any purpose, the limitation in the materials used to cover it.