Zabutovka. Installation of a fence from corrugated board by backfilling load-bearing pillars

The fence from a professional flooring is one of the most widespread modern protections. This is facilitated by the advantages of such fences:

Durability and strength;

Reliable protection of the site from noise, wind and dust;

Relatively low cost;

Ease of installation and fast installation time.

Decking- This is a steel sheet, profiled by cold rolling. Grades of corrugated board differ in profile height and steel thickness. To protect against corrosion, a layer of galvanized steel is applied to the steel sheets or polymer coating, which has a fairly wide color scheme. The polymer film can be applied both on one side of the sheet and on both sides. The color of the coating can be matched to the color of, for example, the roof of the main building. Also, the profiled sheet is lightweight, so the construction of it does not require the use of special equipment.

The corrugated board is used for the construction of small pavilions and kiosks, warehouses and industrial premises, used for fencing construction sites, agricultural and public areas. But corrugated board has received the widest distribution as a material for the construction of fences and fences in private construction.

Metal shaped pipes with a section of 60x60 mm are used as supporting pillars for fences made of corrugated board. The poles are about 3 meters long. For load-bearing posts for gates and gates, longer posts with a larger section are used. Pillars cover special composition from corrosion - primer-enamel. The upper end of the column is hermetically sealed with a metal plug by welding.

Installation and production of corrugated fence posts can be carried out different ways, one of the most common and economical options- backfilling of pillars into the ground.

Zabutovka (the term "zabutka" is also used) is the filling of gaps and cracks in the construction of fences and foundations. For backfilling use fine and medium gravel, stones, broken bricks, crushed stone, sand. For the backfilling process, large stones should not be used, as they are difficult to compact.

The first step in installing a fence from a profiled sheet is a thorough marking of the site. The distance between the fence posts is 2.5 meters.

Holes are drilled in the ground to install the poles according to the marking. Their depth is 1.2 m - this is the optimal installation depth of fence posts for middle lane Russia. With such a deepening of the pillars, the fence is resistant to wind loads. Hole diameter is 150-200 mm. A small layer of sand is covered at the bottom of the wells. Then, pillars are installed in the pits, reinforced with wedges and carefully set in level and plumb.

Next, backfilling is performed - filling the wells around the pillars with stone, gravel, sand, broken brick. Backfilling is carried out in layers, each layer of buta is well compacted and covered with sand. Sand is spilled with water and also rammed - it settles and fills the gaps between the stones. Thus, the well is filled to the top, carefully tamping the earth around the post. When backfilling, you should constantly make sure that the post does not deviate from the vertical, otherwise the backfilling will have to be done again.

After installing the pillars, they proceed to the installation of transverse jumpers (vein, log). For this purpose, profile pipes with a section of 20x40 mm are used. They are coated with primer-enamel to protect against corrosion and are attached to the poles by welding. For fence standard height 2.0 m, it is enough to install two jumpers, if the height of the fence is higher than 2 m, add a third. The upper jumper is fixed at a height of 25-30 cm from the upper edge of the fence, the lower one is fixed at the same distance from the lower edge of the profiled sheet. If necessary, the third jumper is strengthened in the middle between the first two.

The next stage is the fastening of the corrugated board to the transverse lintels of the fence. Installation of corrugated board is carried out with self-tapping screws in the color of the profiled sheet or with rivets. When using self-tapping screws, pre-drilling holes is not required. The profiled sheet is attached through the wave. 12-15 self-tapping screws are used per sheet. Fastening sheets of corrugated board is overlapped on one wave. When installing the corrugated board, leave a gap of 10-15 cm between the lower edge of the fence and the ground for the flow of melt water.

For the construction of fences, professional flooring of the C8 brand is traditionally used. The customer determines the height of the fence himself: usually from 1.5 to 3 m. top edge fences, a fence strip is installed in the color of the corrugated board to protect it from atmospheric precipitation and give the fence a finished look.

The corrugated board is also used for sheathing the frame of the gate and the gate. The frame of the wicket and gate is welded from metal pipes or corners and sheathed with corrugated board on one or both sides. Gates are hung on hinged posts. Pillars for gates and gates should be of a larger section than the supporting ones, since they bear a large load. Pits for gate posts are drilled deeper. To avoid distortions of the gate posts, they are often fastened with a horizontal lintel.

INSTALLATION OF A FENCE FROM PROFESSIONAL FLOORING BY THE METHOD OF BACKING BEARING POSTS

Zabutovka - a method of fixing support pillars when installing fences made of lightweight materials, such as corrugated board. When installing pillars by backfilling, crushed stone is poured into the hole between the pillar and the ground, which is carefully compacted. Backfilling is a more complex and time-consuming process than driving posts into the ground, but it provides high stability and reliability of the structure.

When can backfilling be used?

Backfilling can be carried out in cases where the work is carried out on sufficiently firm soils. If the soil is soft enough, then methods such as concreting or installing a strip foundation should be preferred.

The use of backfilling in heaving soils is considered optimal. The forces of frost heaving, acting on the ground, are able to squeeze out of it not only the foundations of light fence structures, but also the foundations of houses. When backfilling, under the influence of frost heaving forces, gravel can rise slightly in the earthen "glass" up the support column, but when the soil thaws, it will return back again, leaving the column in its original place.

What materials are used?

Metal pipes are used as support pillars for backfilling:

Profile pipes rectangular 40x80mm or square section 60x60mm with 2mm wall thickness.

Pipes with a rounded section most often have a diameter of 60, 73 and 76mm.

Logs, or crossbars (lintels) that will connect together supporting pillars, are also profile pipes, usually with transverse dimensions of 20x40mm with a wall thickness of 1.5-2mm.

Poles and lintels must be made of high-quality metal that meets all established standards.

Fence posts and logs made of corrugated board are painted with GF or PF primer and can be additionally painted with Hammerite, Tikkurila or 3 in 1 Primer-Enamel paints for metal.

The length of each column is selected in each case individually, depending on the planned height of the fence. It can be calculated by adding 1.2 meters to the height of the fence - it is this part of the pipe that most often plunges underground. Most often, the total length of each pipe is 3 meters - 1.2 meters in the ground and 1.8 meters above the ground. In this case, it must be taken into account that the distance between the corrugated board and the ground will be about 10 cm.

As a material for backfilling, it is best to use crushed stone of a fraction of 20-40 mm, ordinary gravel, brick battle are also used. The most important condition: the stone should not be large, otherwise it will not work well to compact.

Decking is a profiled sheet of galvanized steel with a high-quality polymer coating, the thickness of which is 0.4-0.5 mm (the optimal combination of strength and light weight). The most common type of profile used in the construction of fences and fences: S-8 and MP-20.

Preparation for work

Before filling the supporting posts for the fence, preliminary measurements and calculations are carried out:

The issue of the advisability of using backfilling, and not other methods of installing pillars, is being resolved;

The optimal location of the pillars along the perimeter of the site, the distance between the pillars, their total number are calculated;

The locations of gates and gates are determined, as a rule, they are located on the side of the facade, so that it is convenient to drive up and approach them.

Based on the data obtained, the optimal dimensions poles, logs and profiled sheets.

A hole (pit) is prepared for each pillar. The lead should have a diameter of 150-200 mm and a depth of 1.2-1.5 m - in this case, fixing the post in the ground will be quite reliable. When preparing holes for fence posts, manual garden drill or

motobur (yamobur).

When marking the site, first mark the places where the corner posts will be. A long twine is pulled between them, which will serve as a guide for the rest of the pillars. They are installed from each other at a distance equal to the width of the span, usually 2.5-3 meters. The exception is the gaps for gates and gates - they must have a width corresponding to the width of the gate and gate.

Installation and backfilling of pillars

Before installing the supporting poles in the holes prepared for them, it is necessary to pour a small layer of sand on the bottom of the pits and carefully compact it.

Then a post is inserted into the recess and fixed with wooden wedges. At this stage, it is very important to ensure the exact vertical position of the post. This is done using a level and a plumb line. If inaccuracies are made during the installation of the column with a backfill, you will have to remove the but and install the column again, which takes a lot of time and effort. You also need to ensure that the column pipe is located exactly in the center of the recess.

When the pillars are installed and fixed, they start backfilling. Each new layer of crushed stone or gravel is poured with water and carefully compacted. During backfilling, you should constantly take measurements and make sure that the post does not deviate from the vertical axis. After finishing work, crushed stone can be sprinkled with sand on top to prevent silting.

The installation of pillars on which gates and gates will be hung, as a rule, differs from others. They will experience increased loads, so they are most often concreted.

At the end of all work, the holes in the upper part of the pillars are closed with special plugs, metal or plastic. This is necessary so that precipitation does not get inside the pipe and does not cause premature corrosion.

Fence installation

Only after all the support pillars are installed in their places, you can proceed to fasten the crossbars from the profile pipes. Most often, installation is carried out by welding, but the bolted connection of the pole and log is also common. In the future, the welding spots are primed.

very popular in recent times there is a fastening of jumpers to the poles using galvanized x-brackets, or "crabs", painted in the color of the corrugated board. Jumpers (lags) are attached parallel to the ground or with a certain slope, repeating the relief of the ground. The distance from the upper and lower edges of the corrugated board to the log is optimally maintained within 30-40 cm.

If the fence has a height of no more than 2 meters, then 2 jumpers are enough. With a height of 2.5 or 3 meters, it is recommended to install already three crossbars. Fences made of corrugated board of greater height are rarely installed.

The corrugated board is attached directly to the logs using metal rivets or roofing screws. Sometimes special anti-vandal fasteners are used - they are designed so that intruders cannot unscrew a single bolt or nut. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the upper and lower edges of the corrugated board exactly match. In order to carry out the fastening evenly, you can use building level, as well as a plumb line. The process itself is quite simple, but you should be careful about the coating on the front side of the profiled sheet. Between the lower edge of the corrugated board and the ground, a gap of 10 - 15 cm is usually left in order to take into account all possible unevenness of the earth's surface and prevent the corrugated sheet from coming into contact with the ground in order to avoid corrosion.

Wickets and gates are made of profile pipe or metal corner under production conditions horizontal position by welding. Hinges are welded, the welding spots are cleaned, then the entire structure is primed and painted. Gate structures and wickets are delivered unassembled to the installation site without corrugated board, which is attached to the frame after the gate is installed.

When the fence structure is fully installed, it is primed and painted, although professional fence installation companies often bring posts and logs to the site already painted.

Professional backfilling of poles and installation of a fence on your site

In order for the fence to be reliable, durable and installed carefully and with skill, it is worth entrusting the backfilling and the entire complex of works on installing the fence to professional masters.

ZABORIVOROTA offers:

Modern high-quality materials for the construction of fences;

The whole complex of works on the installation of fencing, performed by professional builders;

A competent approach to the implementation of backfilling and other work,

Providing a guarantee for all types of work.

The services provided to customers by ZABORIVOROTA never raise doubts about the quality of the work performed.

When installing fences, poles that play the role of the main support can be installed in various ways, including the backfilling method. About what this method is, in what cases it is used, what advantages and disadvantages it has, you will learn by reading this article.

Cases in which it is advisable to fill the pillars

The method in question is applicable if the soil has a high hardness. When working on soft soils, it is advisable to choose another way to create a foundation for a fence, for example, a strip foundation.
The soil in which the pillars are backfilled may be heaving. In the cold season, the heaving force lifts the gravel inside the column, while it itself remains in place. As the soil thaws, the gravel sinks.
The weight of the fence, which is attached to the posts, established method backfill should be relatively small. As a rule, the method in question is used in the construction of fences from corrugated board, euro picket fence, and other relatively light materials.

Backfill preparation

First of all, you need to purchase the following materials:
- pipes that will be installed in the ground. Their cross section can be round (the most common diameters are from 60 to 76 mm), square (pipes with a section of 60x60 mm are most often used) or rectangular (pipes with a section of 40x80 mm are widely used). The wall thickness of the posts must be at least 2 mm. The length of the posts should be calculated based on the fact that they will be buried in the ground by approximately 1.2 m. The length value, therefore, should be equal to the sum of this value and the height of the future fence;
- sand and gravel mixture with a crushed stone concentration of approximately 60%. In addition, ordinary gravel or brick breakage can be used.
The marking of the area where the pillars are planned to be filled is being carried out. Places for installation of corner and other pipes are outlined. The distance between the pipes, as a rule, is 2.5-3 m (with the exception of places where gates and gates will be installed).
In accordance with the markings made, holes are made in the ground with a depth of 1.2 to 1.5 m and a diameter of 150 to 200 mm. To do this, you can use a motorized or manual drill.

Backfilling

At the bottom of the holes made thin layer sand. The pillars are installed, leveled and fixed with wedges made of wood or reinforcement. In the intervals between the pipes and the soil, ASG is gradually (in small layers) filled up, and each layer is wetted and rammed.
After filling the pillars, plastic or metal plugs are installed on their upper parts. This event prevents the accumulation of sediments inside the pipes and protects them from corrosion.

Advantages and disadvantages of filling

Backfilling of poles makes it possible to ensure a sufficiently high stability and durability of the fence (for example, in comparison with such a method as driving in poles). This is the advantage of backfilling, but there is also a disadvantage: in comparison with the same backfilling, the method that was considered is more laborious.

Vehicle for delivery of the winding machine and accessories

Coiling machine (transportation by truck)

Hydraulic Unit for Coiling Machine (Truck Transport)

Generator (transportation by truck)

Wheel Forklift

Tool:

Bulgarian

Chisel, chisel, chisel

backing material ( branded product Blitzdömmer®)

Thinner (eluent) and pore-forming additive

2. Site preparation

Training construction site includes security measures traffic, providing sites for machine tools and a warehouse for equipment and materials, as well as supplying water and electricity.

flow control

During the winding process, depending on the specific situation, it is possible to refuse to take safety measures if the sanitized collector is filled with water up to 40%.

A small flow can be used later for better movement pipes during the winding process and for fixing the pipe during backfilling.

Collector cleaning

Cleaning of the collector when using the winding method is usually carried out by means of a high pressure flush.

To preparatory work Relining also includes the removal of obstacles, such as hardened deposits, tie-ins of other communications, sand, etc. Their elimination is carried out, if necessary, manually using a cutter, sledgehammer and chisel.

Inserts of other communications

Canal branches flowing into the sewer to be rehabilitated must be plugged before starting restoration work.

Quality and quantity control of materials and equipment

On delivery to the construction site necessary materials and equipment, their completeness and quality are checked. In this case, for example, the profile is checked for compliance with the data according to the quality certificate for its marking, sufficient length, as well as possible damage resulting from transportation; branded backing material Blitzdömmer® is in turn checked for sufficient quantity and proper storage conditions.

Before mounting the coiler, it may be necessary to partially or completely remove the base of the chamber to ensure alignment between the coiler and the collector being sanitized. Removal is carried out, as a rule, by opening the base of the chamber using a perforator or manually using a sledgehammer and a chisel.

The winding of the pipe can be carried out both with the flow of the flow and against the flow, depending on the size of the chamber of the well and the possibilities of access to it.

In our case, the winding of the pipe is carried out against the current, since the chamber of the well at its lowest point has big sizes, which greatly simplifies the installation process of the winding machine.

3. Installation of the winding machine

Delivery of the winding machine

The hydraulically driven winder used in our example is designed for lining pipelines with a diameter of 500 DN to 1500. Depending on the diameter of the pipeline into which it is wound new pipe, winding boxes of various diameters are used.

First, the winding machine, disassembled into its component components, is delivered to the starting well. It consists of a tape drive mechanism and a winding box.

Lowering the machine parts into the shaft and mounting the winding machine

The components of the winding box are manually lowered into the starting shaft and mounted there.

For diameters up to 400 DN, the machine can be lowered into the shaft fully assembled.

Before lowering the hydraulic tape drive into the starting shaft, it is necessary to remove the transport paws of the tape drive.

The tape drive mechanism with a hydraulic drive is mounted on a winding box directly in the starting shaft. In this case, the receiving part of the winding machine must be below the level of the well neck to ensure unimpeded feeding of the profile into the tape drive mechanism.

Installation work is completed by connecting the hydraulic drive of the winding machine to the hydraulic unit located near the starting shaft.

Then it is necessary to check the coaxiality of the coiling machine and the sanitized collector, otherwise, during the winding process, the coiled pipe may stall against the walls of the collector or experience strong resistance from their side, which may adversely affect the length of the sanitized section.

4. Profile preparation

Unwinding and cutting profile

In order for the first coil of the coiled tube to be under right angle to the axis of the pipe, it is necessary to cut the profile using a "grinder" in accordance with the diameter of the pipe. To do this, it is necessary to unwind part of the profile from the coil located on the frame.

Profile submission

The cut profile is fed by means of a guide roller mounted on a manipulator boom or other device into the starting shaft.

First turn

The profile is fed into the tape drive mechanism, passes through inside coiling box (make sure that the profile falls into the grooves on the rollers; if necessary, correct the profile manually) and then interconnected using the so-called latch lock (loss in diameter due to the thickness of the profile is about 1-2 cm).

Profile available

Diameter range from DN 200 to DN 1500.

5. Winding process

A small flow lifts the coiled tube and reduces friction against lower part sanitized collector.

The profile forming the pipe is progressively fed from the winding box with rotational movements in the direction of the sanitized collector. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the coiled pipe is not subjected to strong friction against the walls of the old channel and does not cling to joints, tie-ins, etc.

Glue supply.

The long-term watertightness of the coiled pipe is achieved by supplying a special PVC adhesive to the latch-locks of the individual profile turns.

Locking technology.

The glue is fed into the groove on one side of the profile, after which the lock immediately snaps into place on the other side of the profile and thus a reliable engagement of both parts of the latch-lock occurs. This type connection was also called the "cold welding" method.

6. Filling / Overlapping the annulus with mortar

Dismantling the machine and fitting the pipe.

According to the footage marked on reverse side profile, you can calculate the length of the coiled pipe. After winding the pipe of the required length, check whether the distance from the end of the pipe to the receiving well matches the length of the pipe protruding from the starting well.

If they match, then the coiled pipe is cut off in the starting well with the help of a grinder.

The coiled pipe, supported by the flow in the header, is easily pushed by two workers from the starting well towards the receiving well, so that the edges of the pipe exactly match the edges of both wells.

These actions save material, since the length of the coiled pipe exactly corresponds to the length of the collector being sanitized, taking into account the part of the pipe protruding into the starting well and pushed later into the collector.

Then the winding machine is again dismantled into separate parts and removed from the starting well.

Covering the annulus

Covering the annular space between old pipe and coiled pipe is achieved by internal cementation with sulfate-containing cement mortar space about 20 cm from the edge of the well. Depending on the level groundwater and pipe diameter, it may be necessary to increase the number of nozzles for filling the solution and venting air.

Overlapping of annular space at the highest point.

First, the annular space is blocked at the highest point (in this case, this is a receiving well). After plugging the annular space and inserting air outlets into the base and top of the cement floor, the sewage flow is temporarily blocked (flow regulation), so that work in the well chamber can be carried out without interference from wastewater. waste water, which is still in the annular space, drains towards the lowest point, thus the annulus is emptied and ready for grouting. After completion of work on blocking the annular space, wastewater is released through the coiled pipe of the sanitized collector.

Raising the water level in a coiled pipe.

During this process also carried out is regulation of the waste stream, during which the coiled pipe is closed by means of a so-called bubble with a through profiled pipe and a pipe for adjusting the water level in the coiled pipe. Thus, the water level in the coiled pipe is raised and the pipe is fixed on the sole of the old channel during the process of two-phase filling of the annular space. This ensures that the angle of inclination is maintained and the possibility of bending is excluded.

Covering the annulus at the lowest point

Then, the annular space is covered at the lowest point (in our case, this is the starting well).

If necessary, pipes for pouring the solution are mounted in the roof of the floor, and pipes for venting air into the roof and the bottom of the floor. The pipe integrated into the bubble has a profiled outer coating and does not provide complete tightness, which allows leakage a certain amount waste water. With the help of a water level detection pipe, the level of sewage in the coiled pipe can always be monitored.
The first stage of filling.

In our case, backfilling of the annular space is carried out from the lowest point in two stages. To do this, at the edge of the well, a tank is installed for mixing the backing material, to which a hose is connected to supply the solution. Blitzdömmer proprietary backfill material is mixed according to the manufacturer's recommendations in special tanks of various volumes.

Next, the valve of the mixing tank opens, and the Blitzdömmer solution freely flows into the annular space between the old channel and the new wound pipe without external pressure. Wastewater that fills the coiled pipe prevents it from rising.

The process of mixing and supplying the solution continues until the solution begins to flow out of the air outlet pipe mounted in the bottom of the floor at the lowest point.

By comparing the amount of backfill mortar used with the calculated amount, it is possible to check whether the mortar remains in the annulus or whether it goes into the ground through holes in the old channel. If the used amount of the solution matches the calculated one, the backfilling process continues until the solution begins to flow out of the air outlet pipe mounted in the ceiling at the lowest point. The first stage of filling is considered completed.

The second stage of filling.

The hardening of the filling material lasts 4 hours, while there is a slight sedimentation of the solution in the annulus. After the mortar has hardened, the mixing of the Blitzdömmer backing material for the second backfilling phase begins. The process of filling the annular space can be considered complete when the solution begins to flow out of the air outlet pipe, mounted in the ceiling at the highest point.

For quality control, a sample of the filling solution is taken, flowing from the air outlet in the receiving well.

Then, the nozzles for pouring the solution and the outlet pipes in the starting and receiving wells are dismantled. through holes cemented in ceilings.

7. Final work

Sole restoration.

The partially cracked sole of the well chamber is being restored.

Work on the integration of tie-ins into a new channel is carried out by a robot.

Quality control

To control the quality of pipeline restoration work, an inspection of the pipeline itself is carried out, as well as a leak test in accordance with DIN EN 1610.