AirGo compressed air breathing apparatus from MSA. Compressed air breathing apparatus

DRAGER PA 94 Plus Basic.

Brief instructions for use

Personal protective equipment /PPE/ - insulating technical means of individual protection of the respiratory organs and human vision from exposure to an environment unsuitable for breathing.

DRAGER PA 94 Plus Basic- conforms to the European standard 89/686 EWG. It is a compressed air device (balloon respirator) according to EN 137, has a fire safety certificate.

1. Main performance characteristics of DRAGER PA 94 Plus Basic

2. Description of the components of the breathing apparatus

4. Schematic diagram of the operation of the Drager apparatus

5. RPE checks, their procedure and frequency

6. Calculation of work parameters in RPE

Main performance characteristics of DRAGER PA 94 Plus Basic

Protective action time	up to 120 min	Backrest weight with gear, pressure gauge and suspension system	2.7 kg
Mass of DAVS assembled, in running order	1 bottle	2 bottles	Panoramic mask weight	0.5 kg
9.4 kg	15.8 kg
Reducer outlet pressure (Pp.out.)	7.2 atm. (6-9 atm.)	Weight of lung machine	0.5 kg
The pressure at which the reducer operates	from 10 to 330 atm.	Tank weight (without air / with air)	4.0 / 6.4 kg
Whistle (horn) actuation pressure	55 atm. ± 5 atm.	Balloon volume (Laxfer)	6.8 l / 300 atm.
Reducer safety valve trips at pressure	13 - 20 atm.	Quantity (reserve) of air in the 1st cylinder	2100 l
Overpressure (mask pressure)	0.25-0.35 atm	Quantity (reserve) of air in 2 cylinders	4200 l
Breathing resistance when inhaling	no more than 5 mibar	Minimum pressure on entry	265 atm.
Temperature limit of DAVS operation	From -45 to +65 gr.С	Air consumption	30 – 120 l/min
Air tank dimensions (without valve)	520x156 mm	Air consumption for: - light work - medium work - heavy work	30-40 l/min 70-80 l/min 80-120 l/min
Dimensions (without cylinder, with carrying straps folded up for storage)	Length: 620 mm Width: 320 mm Height: 150 mm	Average pressure flow (bar/min) for: - light work - medium work - heavy work	1 bottle	2 bottles
	2,5

2. Description of the components of the breathing apparatus .

DRAGER PA 94 Plus Basic consists of the following parts:

1. Back (lodgement)

2. Reducer

3. Sound signal (whistle)

4. Pressure gauge

5. Tee (adapter)

6. Lung machine

7. Panoramic mask (Panorama Nova SP)

8. Two air tanks (Laxfer).

Back (lodgement).

The cradle consists of a custom-fitted plastic plate made of antistatic material (fiberglass-reinforced antistatic Duroplast), which has holes for picking up by hand when carrying a balloon respirator. The wide, padded waist belt makes it possible to wear the device on the hips. The weight of the balloon respirator can thus be shifted from the shoulders to the hips. All belts are quick changeable and made of Aramid/Nomex fabric which is non-flammable or self-extinguishing.

On the lower part of the lodgment are located: a mount for a pressure reducer and an elastic shock protection element. In the upper part of the cradle there is a cylinder support with a built-in attachment line, which, in combination with a folding bracket, cylinder attachment tape and a tension buckle, makes it possible to attach various compressed air cylinders.

Each breathing apparatus has an individual number, which is located on the back, has a designation of 4 letters and 4 numbers (BRVS-0026).

pressure reducer

The body of the pressure reducer is made of brass. It is fixed on the bottom of the supporting frame. The pressure reducer contains a safety valve, a pressure gauge hose with a pressure gauge, an audible signal and a medium pressure hose. The pressure reducer reduces the pressure from the cylinder (10-330 atm.) to 6÷9 atm. (bar). The safety valve is adjusted in such a way that it operates at a pressure in the medium pressure section of 13÷20 bar. The gearbox does not require maintenance for 6 years, after the maintenance - another 5 years (sealed).

Two hoses come out of the gearbox:

Medium pressure hose – the Plus-A lung governed demand valve and the panoramic mask Panorama Nova Standard P are attached to the medium pressure hose;

High pressure hose - a horn (whistle) and a pressure gauge are attached to the high pressure hose.

The minimum pressure at which the reducer ensures uninterrupted operation is 10 atm., - the guaranteed minimum pressure of the manufacturer, at which human safety is ensured.

Sound signal (whistle) - warning device and 2.4. pressure gauge

The warning device is adjusted so that it gives an acoustic signal when the pressure in the cylinder drops to the set pressure - 55±5 bar. Activated by high pressure, the whistle uses medium pressure. The signal sounds almost until the used air supply is used up. Sustained sound over 90 dBl up to 10 bar (atm.). The whistle is built into the pressure gauge hose. The whistle and pressure gauge are fully protected. The manometer scale is luminescent.

Note: The breathing apparatus is supplied with a set value of 55 bar +/_ 5 bar.

Tee

The tee allows the connection of two 6.8l/300 bar composite cylinders.

Lung machine

The Plus A lung governed demand valve is switched on with the first breath. To turn off the aircraft, press the red key.

panoramic mask

The panoramic mask Panorama Nova Standard P is attached to the head with a five-ray headband. The mask has a plastic glass frame and a speech membrane. Glass - polycarbonate. The mask has a valve box - 2 inhalation valves (the first is for breathing, the second is to provide air pressure of 0.25-0.35 atm) and 1 exhalation valve. The expiratory pressure from the panoramic mask is 0.42-0.45 atm.

Compressed air cylinders

The device is equipped with Laxfer metal-composite cylinders with a capacity of 6.8 liters with a working pressure in the cylinder of 300 bar (atm.). Depending on the ambient temperature and humidity, there may be external icing on the cylinder valve, pressure reducer and connection, but this is not important for the operation of the device.

Each air cylinder has an individual number, which has a designation of 2 letters and 5 digits (LN 21160).

When taking up combat duty, the air pressure in the RPE cylinders must be at least 265 atm. – requirement for this device of the DRAGER electronic automatic control and warning system Bodyguard II(bodyguard).

When opening 2 cylinders, provided that the cylinders had different pressures, the pressure in the cylinders equalizes, the total pressure drops, the air flows from one cylinder to the second (a characteristic hissing sound is heard), since they are communicating vessels. The time of the protective action, however, is not reduced.

Requirements for working with breathing apparatus and safety when working with it

1. When working in RPE, it is necessary to protect it from direct contact with an open flame, shock and damage, do not allow the mask to be removed or pulled back to wipe the glasses, do not turn off even for a short time. Shutdown from RPE is carried out at the command of the GDZS flight commander: "Link GDZS, from breathing apparatus - turn off!".

2. The valve is opened by turning the handle counterclockwise. To prevent involuntary closing during use, the cylinder valves must be opened at least two turns. Do not turn by force until it stops.

3. When docking the cylinders, do not allow dirt to get on the threaded connections.

4. When twisting - unscrewing the cylinders, the "3-finger" system is used. Do not use force.

5. When activating the lung machine into the atmosphere (without a mask - as a backup option), the first breath should be taken after 3 seconds. after air supply.

6. Safety rules for putting on a face mask: beard, mustache, goggles come into contact with the seals of the face mask and may adversely affect the user's safety.

7. When attaching air cylinders to the back of the device, do not tighten the fastening belts with force until the fastener is closed (Tavlo system).

8. When servicing the panoramic mask, do not wash it with organic solvents (gasoline, acetone, alcohol). For maintenance, use a foam solution of baby soap.

9. Drying of the mask is carried out at a temperature of not more than 60 gr.С.

10. The glass of the panoramic mask, during operation, must not be wiped with gloves, leggings, dirty rags, so as not to damage the glass.

11. If during checks No. 1 and No. 2 of breathing apparatus malfunctions are found that cannot be eliminated by the owner, they are removed from the combat crew and sent to the GDZS base for repair, and a reserve device is issued to the gas and smoke protector.

5. CHECKS OF PPE, THE ORDER OF THEIR CARRYING OUT AND PERIODICITY.

Annex 10 The Instructions on the Gas and Smoke Protection Service of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, approved by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation No. 234 of April 30, 1996, determines the rules and procedures for checking gas masks and breathing apparatus.

Combat check- a type of maintenance of RPE, carried out for the purpose of promptly checking the serviceability and correct functioning (operation) of units and mechanisms immediately before the combat mission of extinguishing a fire. It is carried out by the owner of the RPE under the guidance of the flight commander before each inclusion in the RPE.

Before conducting a combat check, the gas and smoke protector puts on and adjusts his suspension system.

A combat check is carried out at the command of the commander of the GDZS link at the command: “GDZS link, breathing apparatus - check!”.

1.Check the health of the mask. Visual inspection.

Visually check the integrity of the glass, half clips, head straps and valve box, as well as the reliability of the connection of the lung governed demand valve. If the mask is complete and there is no damage to its elements, it is considered to be in good condition.

2. Check the tightness of the breathing apparatus for vacuum.

With the cylinder valve closed, apply a panoramic mask to the face, take a breath, and if there is a large resistance that does not decrease within 2-3 seconds, then the device is airtight.

3. Check the tightness of the high and medium pressure system.

Open the cylinder valve and close it. Determine by the manometer the change in air pressure in the cylinder, if there is no air pressure drop, the device is considered tight.

4. Check the operation of the lung machine.

4.1. Checking the lung machine and exhalation valve.

4.2. Checking the air boost valve.

4.3. Checking the emergency supply.

5. Check the operation of the sound signal.

Attach a panoramic mask to your face and inhale, slowly pump out the air until the beep sounds. The sound signal should work at a pressure on the remote pressure gauge of 55 +/-5 atm. (bar).

6. Check the air pressure in the cylinder.

With the lung machine turned off beforehand, open the cylinder valve and check the pressure using an external pressure gauge

7. Report to the commander of the GDZS unit on readiness for switching on and air pressure in the cylinder: “Gas and smoke protector Petrov is ready for switching on, pressure is -270 atmospheres.”

The inclusion of personnel in the RPE is carried out at the command of the commander of the GDZS link:

“Link GDZS, into the apparatus - turn on!” in the following sequence:

• remove the helmet and hold it between your knees;
• open the cylinder valve;
• put on a mask;
• put on a helmet.

Check #1 - It is carried out by the owner of the breathing apparatus under the guidance of the head of the guard immediately before taking up combat duty, as well as before conducting training sessions in clean air and in an environment unsuitable for breathing, if the use of RPE is provided for in free time from combat duty.

The results of the check are recorded in the log of registration of checks No. 1.

The reserve RPE is checked by the squad leader.

1.Check the health of the mask.

The mask must be complete with no visible damage.

2. Inspect the breathing apparatus.

Check the reliability of fastening of the suspension system of the apparatus, cylinders and pressure gauge, and also make sure that there are no mechanical damage to the components and parts. Connect the mask to the lung machine.

3. Check the tightness of the breathing apparatus for vacuum.

With the valve of the cylinders closed, tightly attach the mask to the face and try to take a breath. If a large resistance is created during inhalation, which does not allow further inhalation and does not decrease within 2-3 seconds, the breathing apparatus is considered to be airtight.

(by pressing the button, turn off the lung machine).

4. Check the tightness of the high and medium pressure system.

Open and close the cylinder valve, having previously turned off the overpressure mechanism in the undermask space. Determine the change in air pressure in the cylinder using the pressure gauge, if the air pressure drop does not exceed 10 bar within 1 minute, the device is considered tight.

5. Check the operation of the lung machine.

5.1. Checking the lung machine and exhalation valve.

After turning off the lung machine, open the cylinder valve. Apply the mask to your face and take 2-3 deep breaths / exhalations. At the first breath, the lung machine should turn on and there should be no resistance to breathing.

5.2. Checking the air boost valve.

Insert your finger under the obturator and make sure that there is air flow from the mask. Remove your finger and hold your breath for 10 seconds. Make sure there is no air leakage.

5.3. Checking the emergency supply.

Press the bypass button and make sure that the forced air supply is working. Turn off the lung machine. Close the bottle valve.

6. Check the operation of the sound signal.

By smoothly pressing the button on the lung machine, release the pressure until a sound signal appears, if the sound signal appears at a pressure of 55+/- 5 bar, then the sound signal is working.

7.Check the cylinder air pressure readings.

The pressure in the cylinder must be at least 265 bar to put the breathing apparatus into combat crew.

Check #2 - type of maintenance carried out during the operation of RPE after check No. 3, disinfection, replacement of air cylinders, and also at least once a month, if during this time the RPE was not used. The inspection is carried out in order to constantly maintain the RPE in good condition.

The check is carried out by the owner of the RPE under the supervision of the head of the guard.

The reserve RPE is checked by the squad leader. The test results are recorded in the N2 test log.

Check No. 2 is carried out using instrumentation in accordance with the instructions for their use. In the absence of control devices, check No. 2 is carried out in accordance with check No. 1

Check #3 - type of maintenance carried out within the established calendar terms, in full and with a specified frequency, but at least once a year. All RPEs that are in operation and in reserve, as well as those that require complete disinfection of all components and parts, are subject to verification.

The check is carried out on the basis of the GDZS by the senior master (master) of the GDZS. The results of the checks are recorded in the check register N 3 and in the registration card for RPE, a mark is also made in the annual check schedule.

6. CALCULATION OF WORK PARAMETERS IN PPE

The main calculated indicators of the operation of gas and smoke protectors in an unbreathable environment are:

· control air pressure in the device, at which it is necessary to go out into fresh air (Pk.out.);

· operating time of the GDZS link at the fire seat (Trab.);

· the total time of operation of the GDZS link in an environment unsuitable for breathing and the expected time of return of the GDZS link to fresh air (Ttot.).

The methodology for calculating the parameters of work in RPE is carried out in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 1 to the Manual on the GDZS of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (Order No. 234 of 04/30/96).

A compressed air breathing apparatus is a self-contained insulating reservoir apparatus in which the supply of air is stored in cylinders in a compressed state. The respiratory apparatus operates according to an open breathing scheme, in which air is taken from the cylinders for inhalation, and exhalation is made into the atmosphere (Fig. 3.4).

Compressed air breathing apparatus is designed to protect the respiratory organs and eyesight of firefighters from the harmful effects of an unbreathable environment when extinguishing fires and performing emergency rescue operations.

The air supply system provides the person working in the device with a pulsed air supply. The volume of each portion of air depends on the frequency of breathing and the magnitude of the rarefaction during inspiration.

The air supply system of the apparatus consists of a lung machine and a reducer; it can be single-stage, gearless and two-stage. A two-stage air supply system can be made of one structural element that combines a gearbox and a lung machine, or two separate ones.

Breathing apparatus, depending on the climatic version, are divided into breathing apparatus general purpose, designed for use at ambient temperatures from -40 to +60 ° C, relative humidity up to 95%, and special

Rice. 3.4.

values, designed for use at ambient temperatures from -50 to +60 ° C and relative humidity up to 95%.

The respiratory apparatus must be able to work in breathing modes characterized by the performance of loads: from relative rest (pulmonary ventilation 12.5 dm 3 /min) to very hard work (pulmonary ventilation 100 dm 3 /min), at an ambient temperature of -40 to + 60 °C, as well as ensure operability after being in an environment with a temperature of 200 °C for 60 s. The breathing apparatus includes:

• - Breathe-helping machine;
• - rescue device (if any);
• - spare parts kit;
• - operational documentation for DAVS (operating manual and passport);
• - operational documentation for the cylinder (operating manual and passport);
• - instructions for use of the front part.

The generally accepted working pressure in domestic and foreign

DAWP is 29.4 MPa.

The shape and overall dimensions of the breathing apparatus must correspond to the physique of a person, be combined with protective clothing, a helmet and equipment of a gas and smoke protector, provide convenience when performing all types of work on a fire (including when moving through narrow hatches and manholes with a diameter of 800 ± 50 mm, crawling, on all fours, etc.).

The breathing apparatus must be designed in such a way that it is possible to put it on after turning it on, as well as to remove and move the breathing apparatus without turning it off when moving through tight spaces.

The reduced center of mass of the breathing apparatus should be no further than 30 mm from the sagittal plane of the person. The sagittal plane is a conditional line that symmetrically divides the human body longitudinally into the right and left halves.

The total capacity of the balloon (with pulmonary ventilation of 30 l/min) must provide a conditional time of protective action (PVZD) of at least 60 minutes, and the mass of DASA should be no more than 16.0 kg with PVZD equal to 60 min and not more than 18.0 kg at HPV equal to 120 min.

The main technical characteristics of breathing apparatus with compressed air are given in Table. 3.4.

The composition of DAVS (see Fig. 3.4) includes: a frame / or a back with a suspension system consisting of shoulder, end and waist belts with buckles for adjusting and fixing the breathing apparatus on the human body; balloon with valve 2 , reducer with safety valve 3 , collector 4, connector 5, lung machine 7 with air hose 6, front part with intercom and exhalation valve 8, capillary tube 9 with buzzer, pressure gauge with high pressure hose 10, rescue device 11, spacer 2.

In modern devices, in addition, the following are used: a shut-off device for the pressure gauge line; rescue device connected to a breathing apparatus; fitting for connecting a rescue device or an artificial lung ventilation device; fitting for quick refueling of cylinders with air; a safety device located on a valve or a cylinder to prevent an increase in pressure in the cylinder above 35.0 MPa; light and vibration signaling devices, emergency gear, computer.

Suspension system of the respiratory apparatus - a component of the apparatus, consisting of a backrest, a system of belts (shoulder and waist) with buckles for adjusting and fixing the respiratory apparatus on the human body.

The suspension system prevents the firefighter from being exposed to the heated or cooled surface of the cylinder. It allows the firefighter to put on the breathing apparatus and adjust its fastening quickly, simply and without assistance. The system of breathing apparatus belts is supplied with devices for adjusting their length and degree of tension. All devices for adjusting the position

Rice. 3.5. Breathing apparatus PTS "Profi": but- general form; b- main parts

breathing apparatus (buckles, carabiners, fasteners, etc.) are made in such a way that the belts are firmly fixed after adjustment. The adjustment of the suspension system belts should not be disturbed during the apparatus change.

The suspension system of the breathing apparatus (Fig. 3.6) consists of a plastic back /; belt systems: shoulder (2), end (2), fastened to the back with buckles 4, belt (5) with a quick-release adjustable buckle.

Lodgements 6, 8 serve as a support for the balloon. The balloon is fixed with a balloon strap 7 with a special buckle.

Parameter		AP-2000 (AP "Omega")
Number of cylinders, pcs.
Cylinder capacity, l
Working pressure in the cylinder, MPa (kgf/cm2)
Reduced pressure at zero flow, MPa (kgf/cm2)	0,55...0,75 (5,5...7,5)	0,5...0,9 (5...9)	0,5...0,9 (5...9)
Activation pressure of the safety valve of the reducer, MPa (kgf/cm2)	1,2...1,4 (12...14)	1,1-1,8 (11... 18)	1,1 .1,8 (11...18)
The conditional time of the protective action of the apparatus during pulmonary ventilation is 30 dm3 / min, min, not less than			At a temperature: 25 °С - 60 min, 50 °С - 42 min
Actual inspiratory breathing resistance with pulmonary ventilation 30 dm3/min, min, Pa (mm water column), no more	300...350 (30...35)		350...450 (35...45)
Excessive pressure in the submask space at zero air flow, Pa (mm w.c.)	300...450 (30...45)	200...400 (20...40)	200...400 (20...40)
Alarm device actuation pressure, MPa (kgf/cm2)	5,3...6,7 (63...67)	5,5...6,8 (55...68)	4,9...6,3(49...63)
Overall dimensions, mm, no more	700 x 320 x 220
Weight of equipped vehicle (without rescue device), kg, no more

Table 3.4

Main technical characteristics of domestic DAS

	PST "Standard"	PTS "Profi"
0,55...1,10 (5,5...11,0)	0,7...0,85 (7...8,5)	0,7...0,85 (7...8,5)	0,6...0,9 (6...9)	0,7...0,85 (7...8,5)
1,2...2,2 (12...22)	1,2...1,4 (12...14)	1,2...2,0 (12...20)		1,2...1,4 (12...14)
350...450 (35...45)
150...350 (15...35)	420...460 (42...46)	300...450 (30...45)		420...460 (42...46)
5,0...6,0 (50...60)	5,0...6,0 (50...60)	5,0...6,2 (50...62)	290...400 (29...40)	5,0...6,0(50...60)

Rice. 3.6.

The cylinder is designed to store the working supply of compressed air. Depending on the model of the apparatus, metal, metal-composite cylinders can be used (Table 3.5).

Cylinders have a cylindrical shape with hemispherical or semi-elliptical bottoms (shells).

A conical or metric thread is cut in the neck, along which a shut-off valve is screwed into the cylinder. On the cylindrical part of the cylinder, the inscription "AIR 29.4 MPa" is applied.

The valve (Fig. 3.7) consists of a body /, tube 2 , valve 3 with insert, breadcrumbs 4 , spindle 5, gland nuts 6, handwheel 7, springs 8, nuts 9 and plugs 10.

The cylinder valve is made in such a way that its spindle cannot be completely turned out, and the possibility of its accidental closing during operation is excluded. It must maintain tightness in both the "Open" and "Closed" positions. The valve-cylinder connection is sealed.

The cylinder valve withstands at least 3000 opening and closing cycles. The valve fitting for connection to the reducer uses a 5/8 internal pipe thread.

The tightness of the valve is ensured by washers 11 And 12. washers 12 And 13 reduce friction between the spindle shoulder, handwheel end and gland nut ends when the handwheel is rotated.

The tightness of the valve at the junction with the cylinder with a conical thread is ensured by a fluoroplastic sealing material (FUM-2), with a metric thread - by a rubber O-ring 14.

Specifications of Air Cylinders

Designation	Cylinder capacity, l, not less than	Mass of a cylinder with a valve, kg, no more	Overall dimensions of a cylinder with a valve, mm (diameter x height)	Balloon material
				Steel
TU 14-4-903-80
				metal composite; liner - stainless steel
				Metal composite with aluminum liner
				Metal o composite with steel liner
				Lightweight metal composite with aluminum liner

BK-U-ZOOA-U
SUPER ULTRA
SUPER PREMIUM

Rice. 3.7.

but - with tapered thread W19.2; b - with cylindrical thread M18 x 1.5

When the handwheel is rotated clockwise, the valve, moving along the thread in the valve body, is pressed by the insert against the seat and closes the channel through which air enters the breathing apparatus from the cylinder. When the handwheel is rotated counterclockwise, the valve moves away from the seat and opens the channel.

The collector (Fig. 3.8) is designed to connect two cylinders of the apparatus to the reducer. It consists of a body / in which fittings are mounted 2. The manifold is connected to the cylinder valves with couplings 3. The tightness of the joints is ensured by sealing rings 4 and 5.

Rice. 3.8.

The reducer in breathing apparatus performs two functions: it reduces the high air pressure to an intermediate set value

and provides a constant supply of air and pressure after the reducer within the specified limits with a significant change in pressure in the cylinder. The most widespread are three types of gearboxes: leverless direct and reverse action and lever direct action.

In direct acting gearboxes, high pressure air tends to open the reducer valve, in reverse acting gearboxes it closes it. A leverless gearbox is simpler in design, but a lever gearbox has a more stable outlet pressure adjustment.

In recent years, piston reducers have been used in breathing apparatus, i.e. gears with balanced piston. The advantage of such a gearbox is that it is highly reliable as it has only one moving part. The operation of the piston reducer is carried out in such a way that the pressure ratio at the outlet of the reducer is usually 10:1, i.e. if the pressure in the cylinder is from 20.0 to 2.0 MPa, then the reducer supplies air at a constant intermediate pressure of 2.0 MPa. When the cylinder pressure drops below this intermediate pressure, the valve remains open permanently and the breathing apparatus operates as a single stage until the air in the cylinder is depleted.

The first stage of the air supply device is a reducer. As shown by the comparative tests of the devices, the secondary pressure created by the reducer should be as constant as possible, independent of the pressure in the cylinder, and be 0.5 MPa. The throughput of the pressure reducing valve must fully and under any kind of load provide two working people with air without increasing breathing resistance during inhalation.

In the steady state of operation of the reducer, its valve is in balance under the action of the elastic force of the control spring, which tends to open the valve, and the pressure of the reduced air on the membrane, the elastic force of the locking spring, and the air pressure from the cylinder, which tend to close the valve.

The reducer (Fig. 3.9) of a piston, balanced type is designed to convert high air pressure in the cylinder to a constant reduced pressure in the range of 0.7 ... 0.85 MPa. It consists of a body 7 with an eyelet 2 for attaching the gearbox to the apparatus frame, inserts 3 with sealing rings 4 and 5, pressure reducing valve seats including body 6 and insert 7, pressure reducing valve 8 , on which with a nut 9 and washers 10 fixed piston 77 with rubber o-ring 12, working springs 13 And 14, adjusting nuts 15, the position of which in the housing is fixed with a screw 76.

A lining 77 is put on the gearbox housing to prevent contamination. The gearbox housing has a fitting 18 s sealing ring 79 and screw 20 for connecting the capillary and fitting 21

for connecting a low pressure connector or hose. The fitting is screwed into the gearbox housing 22 with nut 23 for connection to the cylinder valve. A filter is installed in the nozzle 24, fixed by screw 25. The tightness of the connection of the fitting with the body is ensured by the sealing ring 26. The tightness of the connection of the cylinder valve with the reducer is ensured by the sealing ring 27.

The design of the gearbox provides a safety valve, which consists of a valve seat 28, valve 29, springs 30, guide 31 and lock nuts 32, fixing the position of the guide. The valve seat is screwed into the reducer piston. The tightness of the connection is ensured by the sealing ring 33.

The reducer works as follows. In the absence of air pressure in the reducer system, the piston 11 under the action of springs 13 And 14 moves with the pressure reducing valve 8, removing its conical part from insert 7.

When the cylinder valve is open, high pressure air enters through the filter 25 by fitting 22 into the cavity of the gearbox and creates a pressure under the piston, the value of which depends on the degree of compression of the springs. In this case, the piston, together with the reducing valve, is mixed, compressing the springs until a balance is established between the air pressure on the piston and the spring compression force and the gap between the insert and the conical part of the reducing valve is closed.

When inhaling, the pressure under the piston decreases, the piston with the pressure reducing valve is mixed under the action of the springs, creating a gap

between the insert and the conical part of the pressure reducing valve, ensuring the flow of air under the piston and further into the lung machine. Nut rotation 15 it is possible to change the degree of compression of the springs, and, consequently, the pressure in the cavity of the gearbox, at which an equilibrium occurs between the compression force of the springs and the air pressure on the piston.

The safety valve of the reducer is designed to protect against the destruction of the low pressure line in case of failure of the reducer.

The safety valve works as follows. During normal operation of the reducer and reduced pressure within the specified limits, the valve insert 29 spring force 30 pressed against the valve seat 28. When the reduced pressure in the reducer cavity increases as a result of its malfunction, the valve, overcoming the resistance of the spring, moves away from the seat, and the air from the reducer cavity escapes into the atmosphere.

When rotating the guide 31 the degree of compression of the spring changes and, accordingly, the amount of pressure at which the safety valve operates. The gearbox adjusted by the manufacturer must be sealed to prevent unauthorized access to it.

The value of the reduced pressure must be maintained for at least three years from the date of adjustment and verification.

The safety valve must prevent the supply of high pressure air to parts operating at reduced pressure in the event of a gearbox failure.

The adapter (fig. 3.10) is intended for connection to the reducer of the lung governed demand valve and rescue device. It consists of a triple 1 and connector 2, interconnected by a hose 4, which is fixed on fittings with caps 5. The tightness of the connection between the adapter and the gearbox is ensured by a sealing ring 6. In connector housing 3 a bushing 7 is screwed in, on which the assembly for fixing the fitting of the rescue device is mounted, consisting of a clip 8, balls 9, bushings 10, springs 11, corps 12, sealing rings 13 and valve 14.

9 17 11 12 3 18 16 13 2 5 4 1

When connected to the connector, the end of the fitting of the rescue device, resting against the cuff 17 and overcoming the resistance of the spring 11, diverts valve 14 with sealing ring 13 from the saddle 15 and provides air supply from the reducer to the rescue device. The annular protrusion of the fitting at the same time displaces the sleeve inside the connector 10 ; while the balls 9, out of contact with the sleeve 10, enter the annular groove of the fitting of the rescue device. Released Clip 8 under the influence of a spring 19 is displaced and fixes the balls in the annular groove of the fitting of the rescue device, thus ensuring the necessary reliability of the connection between the fitting and the connector.

To disconnect the hose fitting of the rescue device, simultaneously press the hose union of the rescue device and move the clip. In this case, the fitting will be pushed out of the connector by the force of the spring. 11, and the valve will close.

The lung machine (Fig. 3.11) is the second stage of reduction of the respiratory apparatus. It is designed to automatically supply air for the user's breathing and maintain excess pressure in the undermask space. Lung machines can use valves of direct (air pressure under the valve) and reverse (air pressure on the valve) action.

Rice. 3.11.

The lung governed demand valve consists of a body / with a nut 2, valve seats with sealing ring 4 and locknut 5, shield 6, fixed with screw 7. Lever 9 with springs is installed in cover # 10, 11. Retainer 12 made as a single unit with the cover. Lid with valve body and membrane 13 hermetically connected with a clamp 14 with a screw 15 and nuts 16. The valve seat consists of a lever 17, fixed on the axis 18, flange 19, valve 20, springs 21 and washers 22, secured with a retaining ring 23.

The lung machine works as follows. valve in rest position 20 pinned to the saddle 3 spring 21, membrane 13 fixed with a lever 9 on the latch 12.

At the first breath, a vacuum is created in the submembrane cavity, under the action of which the membrane with the lever breaks off the latch and, bending, acts through the lever 17 on the valve 20, which leads to its distortion. Air from the reducer enters the resulting gap between the seat and the valve. Spring 10, acting through the lever on the membrane and the valve, it creates and maintains a predetermined excess pressure in the submembrane cavity. In this case, the pressure on the membrane of the air coming from the reducer increases until it balances the force of the overpressure spring. At this moment, the valve is pressed against the seat and blocks the air flow from the gearbox.

The lung machine and the additional air supply device are switched on by pressing the control lever in the “On” direction.

The lung machine is switched off by pressing the control lever in the "Off" direction.

The device may include a rescue device.

The rescue device consists of an approximately two-meter hose, at one end of which a bracket is attached for connection (for example, bayanette) with a T-shaped connector. A lung machine is connected to the other end of the hose. As the front part, a helmet-mask or an artificial lung ventilation device is used.

The breathing air for the firefighter and the victim comes from the same breathing apparatus.

When working in a breathing apparatus, the T-shaped connector can be used to connect to an external source of compressed air, carry out rescue operations, evacuate people from a smoky area and provide the worker with air in hard-to-reach places. The rescue device uses a lung machine without excess pressure.

Connections for connecting the lung machine of the main front part (if any) and the rescue device must be quick-disconnect (of the “Euro-coupling” type), easily accessible, and not interfere with work. Spontaneous shutdown of the lung machine and rescue device must be excluded. Free connectors must have protective caps.

The front part (mask) (Fig. 3.12) is designed to protect the respiratory and vision organs from the effects of a toxic and smoky environment and connect the human respiratory tract with the lung machine.

Rice. 3.12.

The mask consists of 7 body with glass 2, fixed with half-rings 3 screws 4 with nuts 5, intercom 6, fixed with clamp 7, and valve box 8, into which the lung machine is screwed. The valve box is attached to the body with a clamp 9 with screw 10. The tightness of the connection between the lung machine and the valve box is provided by a sealing ring. An exhalation valve is installed in the valve box 13 with hard disk 14, overpressure spring 15, saddle 16 and lid 17.

The mask is attached to the head with a headband. 18, consisting of interconnected straps: frontal 19, two temporal 20 and two occipital 21, buckled to the body 22 And 23.

mask holder 24 with inhalation valves 25 attached to the mask body with the help of the intercom body and the bracket 26, and to the valve box - a cover 27.

The headband is used to fix the mask on the user's head. To ensure the fit of the mask to size, the headband straps have serrated protrusions that lock into the body buckles. Buckles 22, 23 allow quick adjustment of the mask directly on the head.

To wear the mask around the neck, a neck strap is attached to the lower buckles of the front part. 28.

When inhaling, air from the submembrane cavity of the lung machine enters the cavity under the mask and through the inhalation valves - into the mask. In this case, the panoramic glass of the mask is blown, which eliminates its fogging.

When exhaling, the inspiratory valves close, preventing exhaled air from reaching the mask glass. The exhaled air from the undermask space is released into the atmosphere through the exhalation valve. The spring compresses the exhalation valve to the seat with a force that allows maintaining a predetermined overpressure in the undermask space of the mask.

The intercom provides the transmission of the user's speech when the mask is worn on the face and consists of a body 29, pressure ring 30, membranes 31 and nuts 32.

The capillary tube is used to connect a signaling device with a pressure gauge to the reducer and consists of two fittings connected by a high-pressure spiral tube soldered into them.

An alarm device (Fig. 3.13) is a device designed to give a working sound signal that the main supply of air in the breathing apparatus has been used up and only a reserve reserve remains.

To control the consumption of compressed air when working in breathing apparatus, pressure gauges are used, both permanently located on cylinders (ASV-2) and remote, mounted on a shoulder strap.

Rice. 3.13.

To signal the decrease in air pressure in the cylinders of the apparatus to a predetermined value, minimum pressure indicators are used.

The principle of operation of indicators is based on the interaction of two forces - the air pressure force in the cylinders and the spring force opposing it. The pointer is triggered when the gas pressure force becomes less than the spring force. In breathing apparatus, three designs of indicators are used: rod, physiological and sound.

Stock pointer The device is installed directly on the gearbox housing, on the hose, on the shoulder strap. When controlling pressure, the position of the stem is felt by hand.

The pointer is cocked by pressing the button of the rod before opening the valve of the device. When the pressure in the cylinders drops to the set minimum, the rod returns to its original position.

The physiological indicator, or the reserve air supply valve, in various designs is a locking device with a movable locking part. The locking part has a spring to hold the valve against the seat. When the pressure in the cylinders is above the minimum, the spring is compressed and the valve is raised above the seat. At the same time, the air freely passes through the ma-

hystrals. When the pressure drops to the minimum, the valve, under the action of a spring, falls on the seat and closes the passage. A sharply occurring lack of air for breathing serves as a physiological signal about the consumption of air to the minimum (reserve) pressure.

buzzer most common in compressed air breathing apparatus. It is mounted in the reducer housing or combined with a pressure gauge on the high pressure line. The design principle of the work is similar to the stock indicator. When the air pressure in the cylinders drops, the stem moves, and the air supply to the whistle opens, which makes a characteristic sound.

The operation of the sound signal according to standards, both European and domestic, should be at the level of 5 MPa or 20-25% of the air supply in the filled cylinder. The duration of the signal must be at least 60 s. The volume of the sound should be at least 10 dB higher than that of a fire. The sound must be easily distinguishable from other sounds without compromising other sensitive or important operating functions.

The signaling device (Fig. 3.13) consists of a housing /, pressure gauge 2 with cladding 3 and gasket 4, bushings 5, bushings 6 with sealing ring 7, whistle 8 with locknut 9, casing 10, sealing rings 11, shtochka 12, bushings 13 with sealing ring 14, nuts 15 with locknut 16, springs 17, plugs 18 with sealing ring 19, sealing rings 20 and nuts 21.

The signaling device works as follows. When the cylinder valve is open, high-pressure air enters through the capillary into the Aik cavity to the manometer. The manometer shows the amount of air pressure in the cylinder. From cavity A, high-pressure air through a radial hole in the sleeve 13 enters the cavity B. The rod under the action of high air pressure moves all the way in the sleeve 5, compressing the spring. In this case, both outlets of the oblique hole of the rod are located behind the sealing ring 7.

As the pressure in the cylinder decreases and, accordingly, the pressure on the stem shank, the spring will move the stem to the nut 15. When the exit of the oblique hole in the rod closest to the sealing ring 7 is mixed behind the sealing ring, air under reduced pressure through the channel in the housing 1, the oblique hole in the rod and the hole in the sleeve 5 enters the whistle, causing a steady sound signal. With a further drop in air pressure, both outlets of the oblique hole in the rod move beyond the sealing ring, and the air supply to the whistle stops.

Adjustment of the pressure of the alarm device is carried out by moving the whistle along the thread in the body. In this case, the sleeve 5 is moved with the sleeve 6 and O-ring 7.

Security questions for chapter 3

• 1. Name the device of the breathing apparatus with compressed air.
• 2. Tell us about the purpose and technical characteristics of domestic DAS.
• 3. Describe the principle of operation of AHSA.
• 4. Appointment of hose breathing apparatus.

Questions for self-study

Study the device and principle of operation of a breathing apparatus with compressed air.

• Complete with rescue device. Depending on modification. Cylinder capacity, overall dimensions and weight of the equipped apparatus are determined depending on the model.

When eliminating accidents at chemically hazardous facilities, extinguishing fires and conducting emergency rescue operations, it is often necessary to operate in an atmosphere unsuitable for breathing. For the protection of the respiratory organs and the vision of the rescuer in these conditions, two types of insulating apparatus are used: with a closed breathing circuit (oxygen insulating gas masks) and with an open one (breathing apparatus with compressed air). The latter are now becoming more widespread, as they have a number of advantages, although they are inferior in time to the protective action:

• simpler, cheaper and more reliable in operation;
• have less breathing resistance;
• provide more comfortable breathing conditions, since the air for inhalation comes dry and cold;
• excess pressure under the mask reduces the risk of air leakage from the environment in case of possible leakage of the mask;
• safer to use and maintain, as they do not contain a high-pressure oxygen cylinder;
• there are no problems associated with the acquisition and storage of stocks of a chemical carbon dioxide absorber, as well as with recharging devices with it after each use.

I hope that this article will help the consumer to better understand the structure of compressed air devices and navigate when choosing them for work.

Breathe-helping machine compressed air (hereinafter - apparatus) is fundamentally arranged as follows. Compressed air stored in high-pressure cylinders, through a shut-off valve, enters the inlet of the gas pressure regulator (reducer), where the air pressure is reduced to a safe level. The reduced air enters the input of the so-called lung machine, which supplies it to the mask during the inhalation phase and stops the supply during the exhalation phase. Exhaled air, through the exhalation valve located on the mask, is removed into the environment, which is why this breathing pattern is called open. The device has a suspension system, devices for control and signaling, as well as some additional functions.

Cylinders largely determine the mass and dimensions of the apparatus. Given that these characteristics are one of the defining ones, the improvement of cylinders has progressed in several directions. This is an increase in working pressure, the use of materials with a higher specific strength; selection of the optimal combination of shape (cylinder, ball), capacity and quantity in terms of mass and dimensions. In modern devices, mainly cylindrical ones have become widespread: steel and composite cylinders for operating pressures up to 29.4 MPa (300 kgf / cm 2). Composite cylinders are made according to modern technology of winding a steel or aluminum liner (thin-walled vessel) with carbon or fiberglass. They have the smallest mass, but also the highest cost. Therefore, steel is widely used. But the choice of materials, both steel and composite, should exclude the possibility of their fragmentation. The use of the cylinder after a special test must be permitted by the Gosgortekhnadzor of the Russian Federation.

Valve the cylinder is usually stuffing box type (as opposed to membrane), which ensures its minimum dimensions. The connection of the valve with the cylinder must allow its repeated installation and dismantling. This is necessary for re-examination of the cylinder in accordance with the rules of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia (PB 10-115-96). The outlet fitting of the valve must exclude the possibility of erroneous connection of fittings with threaded connection dimensions for a lower working pressure. The valve handwheel must be accessible to the user when the device is put on and have protection against accidental closing during use. The latter is usually ensured by choosing the location of the valve on the device, less often by using a special locking mechanism that requires the user to additionally move when closing the valve handwheel (for example, pull the handwheel along the axis). The cylinder with the valve should be easily removed and installed on the apparatus.

Reducer The device is usually connected to the cylinder valve directly or through an intermediate high-pressure flexible hose, which facilitates the removal and installation of the cylinder. On the gearbox housing there are sockets for connecting the hoses of the lung machine and pressure gauge. The reducer must provide significant (at least 200 l / min) air flow, while maintaining the reduced pressure necessary for the operation of the lung machine. For safety reasons, the reducer must always be equipped with a safety valve to limit excessive rise in downstream pressure. During the operation of the device, a significant decrease in the temperature of the gas in the reducer occurs, which is dangerous when using it at low temperatures, as it leads to icing of individual elements of the reducer mechanism and its failure. The design of the gearbox should ensure its operation at low (up to minus 40 0 ​​C) operating temperatures. This is achieved, for example, by minimizing the contact of the moving parts of the gearbox with the surrounding air and by using frost-resistant sealing materials.

Lung machine There are two types: with a direct drive from the membrane to the working valve and with the so-called servo drive. In the second type, the membrane is not mechanically connected to the working valve, but controls it pneumatically with the help of an auxiliary valve, using the energy of the gas supplied to the lung machine. The first type is the simplest and most reliable in operation. The second allows you to get the minimum weight and dimensions, which is important, given the placement of the lung machine on the device mask. For a more reliable elimination of the possibility of suction of the surrounding gas medium into the space under the mask, lung machines provide the creation of a small (30-50 mm of water column) overpressure. Thus, even with a deep breath under the mask, no vacuum is created. To prevent spontaneous outflow of air when the mask is removed, the lung machine has a mechanism for turning off excess pressure, while the lung machine is switched on again at the first breath of the user (somewhat difficult compared to the usual one).

To reserve the operation of the lung machine and purge, if necessary, the space under the mask, it should be possible to turn on additional (jet) air supply. Installation of the lung governed demand valve on the mask is carried out using a quick-disconnect connection (individual for each manufacturer). But a standard threaded connection can also be used, and it differs for lung machines with and without excess pressure.

Mask should be full-front with panoramic glass, usually made of impact-resistant polycarbonate. Inside the mask is the so-called pouch that covers the mouth and nose of the user. Its main purpose is to minimize the volume of the harmful space filled with the exhaled mixture (the smaller the volume of the harmful space, the lower the carbon dioxide content in the inhaled air), as well as to exclude the contact of the exhaled mixture with the mask glass to prevent its fogging (freezing). For the same purpose, dry air entering the undermask space during inhalation is directed to blowing the mask glass, and then through the check valves enters the undermask and further for breathing. However, in case of insufficient tightness of the mask holder and intensive work at low temperatures, in order to prevent frosting of the glass, it is necessary to use special lubricants or use a mask with glass having a special coating. The headband should be adjustable and fit well with the safety helmet (mesh headbands work best for this). An intercom is installed on the mask in the form of a sealed membrane that separates the space under the mask from the environment.

pressure gauge- remote, accuracy class not lower than 2.5 and must have permission from the State Standard of the Russian Federation for operation in Russia. Its scale should allow you to read readings in poor lighting conditions, the case should be protected from impacts and withstand immersion in water. The inlet to the flexible hose is protected by a nozzle (calibrated small diameter hole) to limit the outflow of high pressure air if the hose is damaged.

signaling device the exhaustion of the working air supply should be sound. It can be located next to the pressure gauge or in the cavity of the lung machine.

suspension system includes a back, waist and shoulder straps, made, like the buckles, fire resistant. The best option is a back made of carbon fiber and profiled according to the human body. The suspension system allows the user to quickly, without assistance, put on the device and adjust its mounting. All devices for adjusting the position (buckles, carabiners, fasteners, etc.) are made so that the belts are firmly fixed after adjustment.

rescue device recommended to be included in the device. It is usually an anti-gas helmet-mask with a non-overpressure lung machine, the hose of which is connected to a special hose on the device using a quick-release connection such as a ball lock. The device is designed to remove the victim from the infection zone using the air supply in the rescue apparatus.

General technical requirements and test methods for devices are specified in GOST R 12.4.186-97 "Insulating air breathing apparatus. General technical requirements and test methods." Compliance of the apparatus with the specified standards must be confirmed by a certificate, which must be held by the manufacturer of the apparatus.

S. Ermakov, chief designer of JSC "KAMPO"

The air supply system of the device consists of a lung machine and a reducer, it can be single-stage, without a reducer and two-stage. The two-stage air supply system can be made of one structural element that combines the gearbox and the lung machine or separately.

The devices are produced by manufacturers in various versions.

The main nodes of DAVS, their purpose

suspension system designed to mount systems and components of the device on it.

Includes: plastic back, shoulder and end straps fastened to the back with buckles, waist belt with quick-release adjustable buckle. Lodgment which serves as a support for the cylinder. The balloon is fixed with a balloon strap with a special buckle.

Marking: trademark of the manufacturer, symbol of the device, technical specification number, serial number, month and year of manufacture.

Cylinder with valve designed to store the working supply of compressed air.

The valve consists of: body, valve, gasket, 2 rings, cover, spindle, handwheel, cover, safety diaphragm, shut-off valve, shock absorber.

Marking: cylinder designation, heat treatment stamp, quality control stamp, manufacturer's code, lot number, number of the cylinder in the lot, month and year of manufacture, year of the next survey, empty cylinder mass, working pressure, test pressure, nominal volume.

Reducer designed to convert high air pressure in a cylinder to a constant reduced pressure. The reducer has a safety valve (and also a signaling device mechanism can be structurally built into the reducer).

Includes: housing, reduced valve, piston, spring, handwheel, threaded fitting, sealing ring, cuff, safety valve, seal.

Capillary it is intended for accession to a reducer of the manometer and a sound signal.

Includes: 2 fittings connected by a high-pressure spiral tube soldered into them, inside the spiral of which the cable is also connected to the fittings, are inside 2 fittings connected and fixed by a hose using caps, sealing rings.

pressure gauge designed to control the pressure of compressed air in the cylinder, a sound signal to alert you that the air in the cylinder is running out.

Lung machine designed to automatically supply air to the user's breathing, maintain excess pressure in the undermask space, additional air supply, turn off the air supply and connect the front part to the device. The lung machine turns on at the first breath, turns off by pressing the button for additional air supply.

Includes: valve, spring, ring, diaphragm, valve seat, support, stem, button, cover.

panoramic mask designed to protect the respiratory and human vision from toxic and smoky environment and connects the human respiratory tract with the lung machine.

Includes: housing with headband straps, panoramic glass, two half-rings, a mask holder with two inhalation valves, an intercom, a plug connection for fastening a lung governed demand valve of a spring-loaded exhalation valve.

Adapter designed to connect the main front part of the lung machine and the rescue device to the gearbox.

Includes: tee, a connector interconnected by a hose which is fixed to the fittings of the tee by caps. A bushing is screwed into the connector housing, on which the hose fitting fixing unit is mounted to save the device and consists of: clips, balls, bushings, springs, housing, sealing ring, valve.

rescue device designed to protect the respiratory organs and eyesight of the victim from an environment unsuitable for breathing.

Includes: helmet mask, lung machine and low pressure hose.

The device complies with the requirements of GOST 53255-2009, GOST R 53257-2009, TR TS 019/2011 "On the safety of PPE". Has permission from the Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision. Certificate of type approval of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping.

Producer: JSC "KAMPO"

The device is intended for use by parts of the State Fire Service, Ministry of Emergency Situations, VGSO, production personnel and emergency rescue teams of enterprises with potentially hazardous production.

The firefighter's breathing apparatus ensures safe and comfortable work in a smoky or gassed environment where it is impossible to use filtering gas masks, as well as in places where there is a potential threat of the release of substances hazardous to the respiratory system and human vision, the concentration and composition of which cannot be predicted.

The device was created on the basis of many years of experience in the development and production of breathing apparatus, it is a modernized version of the breathing apparatus AP - 2000, which over the past few years has been supplying fire fighting and rescue services.

When developing the AP "Omega", all the wishes of users operating the AP - 2000 were taken into account, as a result of which the AP "Omega" acquired the following tactical and technical features:

Exceptional comfort at work:

• the suspension system consists of a molded, more ergonomic panel and padded shoulder straps created using new technologies using modern materials;
• the connector for connecting a rescue device, which is included in the standard package, is located on the left shoulder strap, at the level of the user's chest, which greatly simplifies the connection of a rescue device in conditions of poor visibility and work in overalls;
• the lateral location of the handwheel of the cylinder valve facilitates its opening / closing when using the device in winter combat clothing;
• a soft waist belt with a shock-absorbing pad allows you to more evenly distribute the weight of the device and reduce the load on the spine.

High Security:

• the presence of a valve equipped with safety and shut-off valves helps prevent the cylinder from bursting due to excessive heating and eliminates the formation of a jet stream when the valve breaks;
• a rubber damper on the lower base of the panel protects the cylinder valve from vertical impacts when the apparatus falls;
• The modified lung machine AP-2000 is distinguished by increased fire resistance and impact resistance, and was created using new materials.

Additional features:

• flexible equipment;
• the ability to work in a hose version from low-pressure compressed air supply systems (stationary and mobile) increases the period of protective action almost to "infinity", which makes it possible to complete complex and time-consuming work without interruptions for charging or changing cylinders;
• the “quick fill” device is designed to quickly charge the apparatus by bypassing compressed air from a transport cylinder, which allows providing an operating link or calculation with the necessary amount of high-pressure air to continue work in the temperature range from minus 40 to + 60 ° C (a standard high-pressure compressor operates in temperature range from +5 to +45°С).

Ease of Maintenance:

• the connection of the hoses of the air duct system is carried out with the help of brackets, which simplifies the installation / dismantling of the system;
• the air duct system does not require adjustment and adjustment during the operation of the device;
• the main components are disassembled without the use of special tools, which facilitates repairs in the field and significantly reduces the load on the bases of the gas station for the maintenance of breathing apparatus;
• the simplicity of the design allows the user to directly determine the cause of the malfunction in the event of an emergency.

Economy:

• the reliability of the air duct system allows not to keep spare parts in stock, which reduces the costs necessary to maintain the equipment in working condition;
• the main components and parts are interchangeable with the components and parts of the AP-2000 apparatus, which allows for the repair and maintenance of the AP "Omega" without retraining the masters of the GDZS;
• AP "Omega" can be taken into account together with the apparatus AP-2000; necessary details are easily rearranged from device to device.

The composition of the breathing apparatus with compressed air "Omega"

Panel and suspension system. Lightweight and comfortable, the new composite panel has an ergonomic surface profile for maximum user comfort. The suspension system provides soft shoulder straps of the original design and a comfortable waistband.

Hoses. The hoses used in the apparatus are distinguished by high strength, oil, gasoline and frost resistance, as well as resistance to surfactant solutions. Air hoses are routed in such a way as to completely eliminate accidental breakage during operation and ensure maximum safety. The breathing air hose has a tee equipped with two quick couplings for connecting the main mask and the rescue device mask. The chest location of the tee on one of the shoulder straps distinguishes this device from others with improved ergonomics and a higher level of safety.

Lung machine AP-98-7KM. The miniature lung governed demand valve with a servo drive is made of high-strength plastic, has a bypass and an overpressure switch-off button. The lung machine is attached to the mask on the side and does not interfere with the tilt of the head. Turning the bypass on and off is done by turning the handwheel on the body of the lung machine, which leaves hands free during high physical exertion.

Lung machine AP-2000. Made of high-strength polycarbonate, on the body there is a multifunctional button for turning off excess pressure / turning on additional air supply (bypass). The connecting thread of the lung machine complies with the requirements of NPB-165-2001.

Lung machine AP "Delta". The first Russian lung machine with a servo drive mechanism, which allows not only to minimize the size of the lung machine, but also to reduce the friction force to almost zero, which eliminates internal mechanical damage during operation of the mechanism. Thanks to small mechanisms, the lung machine does not interfere with turning and tilting the head while using the device inside the suit. The design provides for two options for bypass operation: “permanent”, which is activated by a fixed turn of the handwheel, and “periodic”, which is activated by pressing and holding the central button of the lung machine by hand.

The location and dimensions of the overpressure shut-off lever make it easy to turn off the lung machine with a hand in a fire glove or mitt. Assembly / disassembly of the lung machine is not difficult for the user, it is carried out without the use of special tools. Used in breathing apparatus: AP "Omega", AP "Omega-S", AP "Omega"-North, DShA "Vector", in self-rescuers ADA-Pro.

Mask PM-2000. Developed by JSC "KAMPO" specifically for use with breathing apparatus of the AP series.

Differs in the improved ergonomics and quality of the used materials. Used together with breathing apparatus: AP "Omega", AP "Omega-S", AP "Omega"-Sever, AP-98-7KM, DShA "Vector" and self-rescuers ADA-Pro

Mask "DELTA". Developed by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for any type of breathing apparatus with compressed air having excess pressure in the undermask space. The mask has a modern design, created using new materials. The mask is characterized by increased ergonomics, low inhalation and exhalation resistance. The air flow uniformly blows over the sight glass, which eliminates its fogging and frosting when the mask is used in a wide range of operating temperatures from -50°С to +60°С. A communication headset can be installed in the Delta panoramic mask. A design of the mask with fastening to the helmet of a firefighter and a rescuer has been developed.

Mask "PANA SEAL" Panoramic mask with lateral connection of the lung machine. It is made of neoprene or silicone, can have a belt or mesh headband. It is possible to use a mask with a welding shield. Used with breathing apparatus: AP-98-7KM, AP "Omega", AP "Omega-S", DShA "Vector" and self-rescuers ADA-Pro.

Alarm device with pressure gauge. It is located on the shoulder strap and has a convenient swivel joint. The pressure gauge is certified by the State Standard of the Russian Federation.

Full face masks.

For use with the device AP "Omega" apply:

• panoramic mask PM-2000 with lung machine from AP-2000 or AP-98-7KM,
• Panoramic mask Pana Seal with a lung machine from the apparatus AP-98-7KM.

All masks have replaceable impact-resistant polycarbonate glasses and are equipped with metal speaking membranes. Pana Seal masks can be supplied with strap or mesh headbands. In accordance with NPB 178-99, masks have increased heat resistance, in particular, they withstand exposure to an open flame for 5 s and a heat flux of 8.5 kW/m 2 for 20 minutes.

Reducer. A simple and reliable reducer with a built-in safety valve provides a stable reduced pressure throughout the life of the device and does not require adjustments during operation. The swivel mount facilitates the removal/installation of the cylinder(s).

Optional equipment.

• Connection of a rescue device (additional mask with a lung machine) using a special hose with a quick-release lock;
• Possibility of installation of the device "Quick Fill" for fast charging of a cylinder with compressed air bypass from a transport cylinder;
• Installation of a communication headset built into the mask;
• Mounting the welding shield on the mask.

High pressure cylinders and valves. As part of the apparatus, cylinders of two types are used: steel production in Russia or Italy and metal-composite production in Russia or the USA. All cylinders comply with the requirements of NPB 190-2000. Cylinder valves are made with both vertical and horizontal handwheels. The following valve options are available:

• With a membrane-type safety device designed to protect the cylinder from explosion when the pressure rises above the permissible level during excessive heating in an emergency, etc.;
• With a shut-off valve designed to prevent the formation of a jet stream when the valve breaks;
• With safety device and shut-off valve.

Specifications

Symbol apparatus	Protective action time, min, not less, at temperature, °C			Weight*, kg, no more	Overall dimensions, mm, no more
	+(25±1)	minus (40±2)	minus (50±2)
AP "Omega"-1-L68	60	45	-	10,2 (11,2***)	650x280x220
AP "Omega"-North-1-L68			42
AP "Omega"-1-L69			-	10,2 (11,2***)	650x280x220
AP "Omega"-North-1-L69			42
AP "Omega"-1-A68			-	10,4 (11,4***)	640x280x220
AP "Omega"-North-1-A68			42
AP "Omega"-1-AT68			-	10,4 (11,4***)	650x280x220
AP "Omega"-North-1-AT68			42
AP "Omega"-1-S9	80	60	-	12,6 (12,9***)	670x280x240
AP "Omega"-North-1-S9			56
AP "Omega"-1-AR9			-	12,6 (12,9***)	670x280x240
AP "Omega"-North-1-AR9			56
AP "Omega"-1-AR10	85	64	-	12,3 (12,5***)	660x280x240
AP "Omega"-North-1-AR10			60
AP "Omega"-2-M4	68	51	-	14,6 (14,9***)	660x280x190
AP "Omega"-Sever-2-M4			47
AP "Omega"-2-S47	82	62	-	13,6 (13,9***)	570x280x210
AP "Omega"-North-2-S47			57
AP "Omega"-2-S68	120	90	-	16,6 (17,9***)	650x330x220
AP "Omega"-North-2-S68			84
AP "Omega"-2-L68			-	16,8 (17,8***)	650x330x220
AP "Omega"-North-2-L68			84
AP "Omega"-2-L69			-	16,8 (17,8***)	650x330x220
AP "Omega"-North-2-L69			84
AP "Omega"-2-A68			-	16,6 (17,6***)	650x330x220
AP "Omega"-North-2-A68			84
AP "Omega"-2-AT68			-	17,6 (17,9***)	650x330x220
AP "Omega"-Sever-2-AT68			84
Notes: * The maximum weight of the device versions is indicated. Weight may be reduced depending on the equipment variant. ** Weight of the machine with hose with plug nipple. *** The mass of the apparatus, complete with a hose with a plug-in nipple and a SOID telemetry system. Explanation of abbreviations: L68 - Luxfer 6.8l L69 - Luxfer 6.9l A68 - Armoteck 6.8L AT68 - Armoteck 6.8l S9 - SCI 9L AR9 - Armoteck 9L AR10 - Armoteck 10L M4 - MASHTEST 4l S47 - SCI 4.7l S68 - SCI 6.8l

Cylinders included in the breathing apparatus with compressed air AP "Omega"
- R-EXTRA-5, "Worthington Cylinders GmbH", 6.8 l (steel) with valve (M18x1.5)
- RBMKT6,8-139-300, ARMOTECH s.r.o., 6.8 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- BK-4-300S, CJSC NPP "Mashtest", 4 l (metal composite) with valve (W19.2)
- BK-7-300S, CJSC NPP "Mashtest", 7 l (metal composite) with valve (W19.2)
- ALT 865, "SCI", 9 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- ALT 894, "SCI", 4.7 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- ALT 896, "SCI", 6.8 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- R-EXTRA-5, "Worthington Cylinders GmbH", 6.8 l (steel) with valve (W 19.2)
- L65FX, "LUXFER Gas Cylinders S.A.S.", 6.9 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- L65CX, "LUXFER Gas Cylinders S.A.S.", 6.8 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- BMK6,8-139-300, ARMOTECH s.r.o., 6.8 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- RBMK9-165-300, ARMOTECH s.r.o., 9 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)
- RBMK10-165-300, ARMOTECH s.r.o., 10 l (metal composite) with valve (M18x1.5)

1. The device is operational at air pressure in the cylinder from 29.4 to 1.0 MPa (from 300 to 1000 kgf / cm 2);
2. In the undermask space of the front part of the apparatus during breathing, excess pressure is maintained with lung ventilation up to 85 l/min and the ambient temperature range from -40 to +60°C;
3. Excessive pressure in the mask space at zero air flow - from 200 to 400 Pa (20 - 40 mm of water column);
4. The time of the protective action of the device with pulmonary ventilation of 30 l / min (moderate work) corresponds to the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in the table;
5. The alarm device is triggered when the pressure in the cylinder drops to (50 - 60 kgf / cm 2), while the signal sounds - at least 60 s;
6. Cylinders of the apparatus withstand at least 5000 loading cycles (fillings) between zero and working pressure;
7. The service life of the cylinders of the apparatus is:
   • 20 years for metal-composite firm "SCI";
   • 20 years for the steel company "FABER";
   • 11 years for steel GNPP "SPLAV";
   • 10 years for metal-composite CJSC NPP "Mashtest" and NPO "Poisk";
   • 15 years for metal-composite firm "Armoteck".
8. Service life of the device - 10 years, warranty period of operation - 1 year;
9. The mass of the equipped apparatus (without rescue device and with a hose with a plug-in nipple) is indicated in the table;
10. The mass of the mask does not exceed 0.7 kg.