Planning a vegetable garden on a small plot. Where are the best crops to plant? How to make the best choice for arranging an orchard

Happy owners of their own land plots, whether it is a dacha or private house, almost immediately face the problem of competent zoning of the territory. There are now many specialists in landscape design, but our person is closer to planning a garden with his own hands. A house, a garden and a vegetable garden are their own, and here it is important to take into account all the nuances from the very beginning, because it will be problematic or even impossible to remake.

Common types of planning

Tip: in the vast majority of cases, when designing a standard garden and vegetable garden with their own hands, experts adhere to proportions according to which residential buildings account for 10% of the territory, 15% is taken by a recreation area and outbuildings, 75% is given to plants.

Despite the apparent diversity, the layout of the garden plot can be done in four main ways.

1. The most common is the rectilinear or parallel-perpendicular version.. He is chosen not because he has some special beauty, but rather because it is easier. Plus, such an arrangement is subconsciously associated with order.

Important: parallel-perpendicular forms, in terms of landscape design, create the effect of reducing space.
Therefore, in this way, planning can be carried out garden plot 10 acres or more.

1. The exact opposite would be the circular arrangement option.. Let's say right away that this is a rather specific method, and it requires certain knowledge in landscape design. An orchard and flower beds can be entered in this way, but it will be more difficult with a vegetable garden.
2. The diagonal arrangement can be called universal to some extent.. Thus, it can be done as a layout of a garden plot of 15 acres or more. So the arrangement on the standard six acres. The diagonal orientation creates a visual volume and at the same time makes it possible to easily arrange the location of various zones on the site with your own hands.
3. The fourth option can be safely called creative. There are no specific laws here, as a rule, it is a symbiosis of several of the types described above. Most often it is used in areas with incorrect configuration and broken perimeter lines.

Tip: Before you start implementing your project, be sure to draw it on paper.
If you have purchased a finished site, which already has some buildings and plantings that you do not plan to clean, they should be noted first of all and further build on the resulting picture.

Laws of rational distribution

Of course, it is much easier to plan the location of buildings, a garden and a vegetable garden on 10 acres, this is the very critical quadrature on which such landscape delights as an open pond or a separate playground will already look appropriate. But the owners of smaller plots should not be upset either, with a competent approach, you can make a masterpiece out of any territory.

In any project, the house is the main object, they pay attention to it in the first place, so you should start with it. The approach here can be twofold, depending on the general focus.

If the site is being developed in order to grow a good harvest and in the future it should be overgrown with fruit trees and a rich garden, then it is better to place the buildings on the outskirts. Moreover, from the north or north-west side, so as not to block the sun for plants.

On the territory intended exclusively for recreation, with lawns and flower beds, it is more reasonable to locate housing in the center or closer to the front part. Outbuildings, in both cases, are recommended to be hidden in the depths of the territory, if this is not possible, then they should be decorated with shrubs or vineyards.

It is better to have a recreation area with a barbecue and appropriate furniture closer to home, in small areas it is appropriate to make covered terrace, adjacent to the house, in large areas you can equip a gazebo. So it will be more convenient to bring the necessary communications. But, of course, such a zone should be hidden from prying eyes.

If you wish to receive regular good harvests and admire the beauty of their flower beds all season long, then all green spaces should receive as much sunlight as possible. Also great importance has a floor plan orchard and a garden with your own hands, because the price of improper planting is the lack of a crop.

Arrangement of an orchard

Suppose that all the torments of creativity associated with the arrangement of various zones in your country house or in a private household are already behind us and it is time to purchase seedlings. The most common mistake young owners make is the desire to plant everything and more.

But do not forget that fertile land is not dimensionless and no more than 7 tall, fruit-bearing trees can fit on one hundred square meters.

Can fit up to 15 in a low or flat fit healthy trees and at the same time there will still be room for a small vineyard and shrubs. In this case, it is much better to plant less than to invest in quality seedlings, the price of which can be rather big, and uproot the trees after a couple of seasons, because they do not develop well and interfere with the growth of neighboring plantations.

Review your list.

Think about whether you need all the plants that you plan to plant.

• Sea buckthorn is certainly useful, but after the first harvest, interest in it drops sharply. Intensive growth, thorns and problematic collection, will quickly discourage growing it, it is easier to buy 1 - 2 cans on the market.
• Cultivated undersized Walnut rare, in 80% of cases they will sell you a regular one. Its crown will cover a large area, and its roots can tear out a light strip foundation. It is appropriate in large areas or next to a capital cottage, creating a shadow over the barbecue area.
• Hazelnuts will take a quarter of a hundred square meters and give a lot of shoots.
• One viburnum is enough, it is better to plant it on the outskirts, near the fence. The plant is unpretentious and normally tolerates shade.
• Chokeberry or chokeberry, for a big fan. The fruits are good for pressure, but this plant loves the sun.

Any plant reaches for the light, and until it reaches its goal, it will not bear fruit normally. Therefore, by planting a seedling in a deliberately shaded area, you doom yourself to a lack of harvest, and the plant to an eternal struggle. In this case, even the best, grafted seedlings will not save you.

The shadow is about half the height of the tree. Conditionally shaded is an area where there is no sun for half a day or more. But do not worry in these places you can place paths, design elements or flower beds.

Important: trees planted near high walls will “shy away” from them, they will need to be shaped.
The only exception is the south direction.

If the goal is big harvest then it is better to form trees with a height of no more than 2m, in some cases the height can reach up to 4m. A comfortable distance between the trunks should be two tree heights, in other words, there should be at least 4m between two-meter plants.

Lines of trees, vineyard trellises and rows of shrubs try to arrange from north to south. So you get additional opportunity planting between the rows of tall plants is also undersized crops, there will be enough sun for everyone.

A few words about the garden

In the garden, ease of movement is important. The comfortable size of the paths is made at least 40 cm. It should be convenient not only to walk on them, but also to import fertilizers or harvest.

Based years of experience, we can safely say that the parallel-perpendicular arrangement of the tracks is inconvenient in this case. You will constantly stumble over right angles, and scold sharp turns.

The law works on vegetable beds, the shorter the path, the better. Therefore, feel free to combine diagonals, semicircles, or any other configuration that is convenient for you.

The width of the beds can be different, but good bed should be raised to a height of about 20 - 30 cm and edged with a curb. The internal space, at the same time, is completely filled with fertile, fertilized soil.

Cabbage, root crops and some bushy legumes like beds at least 1 meter wide. Beds for climbing beans, tall spreading tomatoes, cucumbers or melons can be made 60 cm each.

You should also take into account the mutual love or dislike of cultures.

• Rhubarb, sorrel, perennial onions and horseradish are recommended to be planted separately from the general array.
• A variety of greens, such as dill, parsley, spinach, arugula and other salads, will find their place between the main beds.
• Cabbage does not tolerate neighborhood with tomatoes, strawberries, onions or potatoes. Onions are negatively related to legumes or turnips. Cucumbers do not need to be combined with tomatoes, rhubarb or carrots.
• If we talk about a favorable combination, then legumes, corn and sorrel get along well with zucchini. Tomatoes like to grow next to parsley, beans, carrots or onions.

Important: do not forget about crop rotation.
Related plants should not be planted in one place for more than 3 years, after which redevelopment should be carried out.
Otherwise, land depletion may occur.

The video in this article reveals some of the secrets of landscape design and do-it-yourself garden planning.

Conclusion

The layout of the garden and garden on 15 acres belongs to the category of layout large territories. Unlike miniature 6 acres, there is already room for creative thought to roam here. But we do not advise you to neglect the above recommendations, it can take a lot of time to correct errors.

Most of our readers have a dacha or a plot that we definitely want to keep in order and beauty. Therefore, many begin to set up gardens or vegetable gardens within the boundaries of their summer cottage, as far as acres allow. But in order to do everything beautifully and efficiently, you need to know the rules and features. Some have a developed imagination and are very fond of creative ideas, and, therefore, it will not be difficult for them. What about everyone else? With this we want to help you. In this article you will find tips on how planning is carried out on your own, what rules exist, how to find suitable plants and how to plant them correctly, how many beds are needed and how to place them, taking into account your acres. Also, which ones can be used? decorative elements and is it worth it at all? We will post some photos in the article that you can use to create your ideas.

To begin with, it is worth understanding what planning is and where to start it. The layout is the optimal layout for the site, which will provide the most rational use usable area for fruitful beds. But where to start? Many owners want to plant fruit trees and plant a garden on their backyard, but the question arises, is it possible to combine all this? You can always combine everything, you just need to know how to do it right. Therefore, we would suggest that you start by creating your own unique idea arrangement of beds, which will seem ideal to you.

In order to create something of your own, look at several options for ideas on the Internet, photos on websites or in landscape design magazines. You can also find several video tutorials on the basics of design. Please note that you can create everything with your own hands, but if you think that it is difficult and painstaking, then you can use the ideas of designers or their direct services.

Step-by-step instructions for planning

We want to help you organize your planning work on suburban area so that there are no unaccounted moments. If you decide to make a complex of vegetable and fruit plantings, then you should start with the layout.

• Create an outline of your initial idea that reflects common features that you want to see on the site. Can do color scheme in two versions, to see at once what your site will look like in spring and autumn period s.
• Calculate the size of the plot in advance, find out how many acres are in it (most often there are plots of 4 and 6). You should know not only overall dimensions, but also some features, including the size to which plants can grow, planting should not be very tight.
• Think about where you can place your garden. We want to say that many gardeners advise to have everything on the south side. If this is not possible for you, then try to make your place sunny, but with periods of shade.

Plan where is the best place to make beds

• Write a list of plants that you would like to see in your area. It can be both vegetable beds, fruit trees, and ornamental plants and flowers. Later we will talk about the most common schemes that exist at the moment.
• Consult with experts or read for yourself to see if the plants you choose are compatible with each other. To do this, you need to study the soil and fertilizer requirements for each type of plant. As well as the frequency of their watering, the need for solar energy and other.
• Find out what the acidity of the soil is, is there ground water, what is the relief, the orientation of the terrain relative to the sun.
• Estimate how many beds you can create. Think in advance which processes you will carry out with your own hands, and in which you will need help.
• Plant plants in a specific order. Seedlings cannot be in the shade, as well as bushes and low plants should be closer to the sun.
• It is necessary to find out the terms of fruiting of all trees and shrubs. And place all the plants according to their maturity.
• Take a photo of your work.

What should be indicated on the diagram, which plants to use?

What should be indicated on the diagram

The planting scheme should be developed as correctly as possible and it can be easily done with your own hands, without the help of experts. In order for you to take everything into account and not forget anything, we decided to develop special recommendations for you.

1. To start planting, you should always have a photo of the site with you. Since you can not always be in close proximity to it, and your circuit will often require it.
2. Put on the diagram the location of the house, if the site is not yet built up, then the estimated size and location.
3. Designate not only the sizes personal plot, but also its distance from the site boundaries. If you decide to combine several types of plantings into one composition, then it is worth indicating what size each of them will be and at what distance they will be located.
4. Pay attention to painting everything with colors. This is only important for decorative look. Thanks to this, you will be able to see from a new point of view.

What plants can be used in the garden?

For the garden, you can use any plants that you need:

• cabbage,
• carrot,
• potato,
• cucumbers,
• tomatoes,
• greenery,
• beet,
• eggplant,
• pumpkin.

What are the site planning models?

In order to outline only the main points of planting, we decided to show you three main options for planning a garden and including a garden. It is worth noting that the choice should be influenced not only by the “liked” factor, but also by the relief of the site, the number of acres, the estimated number of beds.

1. Decorative model. This model designed exclusively for lovers of unpretentious site management and assumes the presence of ornamental plants and plantings. Most often, such a model is embodied in the form of a circle. Inside there are plantings of flowers and only ornamental plants (preferably tall ones to show all the beauty). Outside, a kind of “frame” is created from fruit plantations (currants, raspberries, strawberries). Very often buy low shrubs that will not hide decorative flowers too much. If the site allows, then they land in a semicircle behind fruit trees(their number depends on the size of the model). For example, you can see a photo of landing on the Internet.
2. Rectangular model. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that here you make both a garden and a vegetable garden at the same time. Most often used for giving square shape. The peculiarity is that you plant several beds of vegetables (as far as the acres of the plot allow). There are several garden beds nearby. berry bushes(currant, raspberry), selected according to your taste. For best view fruit trees are also planted, but a little further away. The peculiarity is that, with all the abundance of species, a square or rectangular shape is preserved.
3. Arbitrary model. Here, the shape and size depend solely on acres and on your capabilities. The scheme is the same: you combine several vegetable and berry beds with fruit and ornamental trees. As you can see in the photo, only your imagination plays a role here.

Planning is very important thing, so we would like to give some tips for those who will do everything by hand. To begin with, it is worth noting that it is necessary to take into account all the natural and geographical factors of the site: size, lighting, temperature changes. If you have a small area for a garden, then use the method more vertical beds, cucumbers, beans, peas, tall tomatoes, etc. feel great on nets and supports. Always pay attention to compatibility garden plants their need for lighting. Also, that you should not use old trees for the site, seedlings are quite suitable for you. If some process has become incomprehensible to you, we recommend that you look at the photo on the Internet, where you can also find instructions for optimal amount beds and the correct calculation of acres. Planning on your own is very painstaking, but after you dive into the process, you will love it!

Maximum light. Most vegetables are photophilous. It is better to choose a well-lit and evenly lit area for the garden. For example, tomatoes reduce yields even if they are in the shade for about 2-3 hours a day. So that both sides are heated evenly, the beds are oriented from north to south.

Calculate your strength. Allocate exactly as much space for the garden as you can - and want! - handle. If you are in the country only on weekends and then not every time, it hardly makes sense to plan a large garden and strive to plant as many crops as possible.

Wide beds are not always good. Traditionally, in our gardens, the beds are made 100-120 cm wide. This saves the useful area of ​​​​the garden, but makes it difficult to care for the plantings: it is not always convenient to stretch. 70 cm wide beds are much easier to care for. For the elderly, not only narrow, but also raised beds are convenient, over which you do not need to bend down. more and more often they are dressed in a frame made of boards, into which fertile soil is then poured. In this case, both water and fertilizers are used by plants more rationally.

Do not get carried away with beds complex shape : this makes it difficult to care for and worsens the conditions for plants, since the earth dries out faster in the corners, so the plants can develop unevenly.

The aisles between the beds should not be the same width.. For normal care, a distance of 40 cm is sufficient; for high beds add 20-35 cm due to the presence of walls. If the garden is large, you need a through path for walking and walking, you can also make a platform for recreation. However, before proceeding with the formation of the beds, think about how to lay. They should be wide enough, lead to all corners of the garden, it should be convenient not only to walk on them, but also to carry a cart.

Don't be afraid to combine cultures that are compatible with each other. The combination of different forms of foliage, shades of color and height of plants on the same bed looks much more attractive than monotonous rows of plantings.

How to make beautiful beds

The basic principles of garden design are quite applicable to the garden, because voluminous decorative compositions can be created from almost any plant.

For solo landing and creating a background, tall plants are suitable: sunflower, corn, dill, tall tomatoes. Sorrel and horseradish will find their place under the rhubarb, mint, perennial onions, and herbs will complement and decorate it with flowers and umbrellas.

Give the composition extra volume so that the garden does not seem flat, will help vertical gardening: it can be zucchini, pumpkins, cucumbers, beans, beans or peas, fixed on supports. You can add flowering ornamental plants to them, for example, which drives away pests.

for border great fit undersized plants with bright color or a beautiful foliage texture: basil, lettuce, carrots. And, oregano, parsley and coriander will also benefit the rest of the plants, repelling insects and creating a barrier to weeds.

color accents will become flowering plants: low annuals, bulbous, even medium-sized shrubs, not prone to overgrowth. Some ornamental plants not only decorate the beds, but also bring tangible benefits, repelling pests and improving soil composition. Marigolds, which have both properties, are considered especially favorable neighbors for garden crops.

Draw a garden plan

The main problems when planning a garden are the need to observe crop rotation and different needs for vegetables. Suppose a family needs one garden bed for radishes, a third of it for lettuce, and as many as three cucumbers. The next year, all the same will have to be planted in a completely different way. On the one hand, this is a plus, since the picture looks different every time. On the other hand, it is a headache, since this puzzle has to be solved year after year. To see if all the desired volume of vegetables will fit in the beds or if some positions will have to be reduced, draw a plan of the garden. Divide the area into beds using squares, rectangles, triangles. In nature, their size should be such that you can reach the middle of the bed with your hand. Estimate how many sections for which crop you will need (for example: zucchini - 4, radish - 2, etc.). Then cut the required amount from a sheet of paper and sign the name of the crop, its height, color. And then move these pieces of paper according to the plan of the garden, changing their places in accordance with the rules of crop rotation. Place low plants closer to the front edge, medium ones behind them, tall ones in the background and as accents. Insufficient height of vegetable plants can be compensated by the use of raised beds. Naturally, they also have a ladder, the lowest ones are closer to the observer. Do not forget about lighting: tall plants should not shade low ones for a long time.

What can and cannot be planted nearby?

There are garden crops that cannot grow and develop side by side due to the mutual intolerance of root and ether secretions. But there are also plants capable of "mutual assistance": planted in the neighborhood, they favorably influence each other.

Dislikes neighborhoods:

• „tomatoes and;
• „cucumbers and cabbage;
• onion (onion, garlic) and potatoes,
• cabbage, beans,
• beet;
• „legumes and nightshade (tomatoes, peppers);

To grow a garden fruit trees on your site, it is necessary not only to decide on the place and plants, but also to take into account the main nuances, such as the planting pattern, the size of the pits, planting and caring for seedlings, which will be discussed in this article.

Garden layout

When a place was chosen for planting seedlings, it is important to decide on a scheme for planting them. It is recommended to plant trees according to four schemes, which have their own peculiarities in the arrangement of plants, make it possible to simplify the process of caring for seedlings and get a bountiful harvest.

The most common planting pattern is quadratic: it allows you to create comfortable conditions for garden care. According to this scheme, trees are planted in even rows. The distance between trees depends on their type and variety.

Important! It is also necessary to take into account the landing pattern in order to rationally use the space, therefore it is better to arrange trees in a square plot in a quadratic pattern.

If were chosen dwarf varieties, optimal distance between rows will be 4 m, between trees should be left 2.5 m. Classic species that were grafted on a wild rootstock should be planted at a distance of at least 3.5 m from each other, between rows - 5 m. Tall and vigorous species should be at a distance of 4 m, between rows 6 m is kept.

The quadratic planting pattern is suitable for trees that are not demanding on lighting, normally tolerate partial shade created by adjacent rows. Usually apple trees are planted like this different varieties, some varieties of pears.

Chess

The chess scheme is very similar to the quadratic one, only in each square between four trees one more tree is planted. The scheme is denser, therefore it is suitable for planting medium-sized plants with a small crown. If the garden is located on a slope, then the chess scheme will be the best option planting trees to reduce soil erosion by precipitation.
The checkerboard planting method allows the trees to receive the maximum amount of light, therefore it is suitable for light-loving plants- plums, apricots, peaches, as well as for apple and pear trees. The distance between the trees should be 4 m, between the rows it is better to leave 5 m.

Planting trees in a triangular pattern is characterized by a denser arrangement of plants with a large crown. According to the triangular scheme, all trees will be evenly standing, which will allow planting 15% more plants than according to the quadratic scheme.

To find out the optimal distance between plants, you must be guided by the rule of doubling the indicator of the maximum width of the crown of an adult tree. For example, if the crown width is 4 m, then there should be a distance of at least 8 m between plants on all sides.
Thanks to the triangular planting pattern, plants can receive the maximum amount of light. Cherry, apple, pear, plum, apricot, peach are suitable for planting with this scheme.

horizontal layout

The horizontal planting pattern is used in the case of trees located on a hilly area. Plants in this case are planted on horizontal lines, which allows to reduce soil erosion processes and successfully grow seedlings on uneven areas. For fruit plantings, an elevated area is chosen, preferably in the south of the site. It is necessary to lay fruit trees in such a way that the maximum height of the trunks is directed to the north.
Due to this arrangement, the plants are provided nai large quantity Sveta. The distance between them in this case should be at least 3 meters, between rows - at least 5. For landing horizontal way suitable for any fruit trees.

garden planting

When the planting scheme has been determined, it is necessary to proceed with the selection and purchase of seedlings, which will then take root on the site.

Choice of fruit crops

In order for plants to bear fruit well, you need to be able to choose them correctly. Therefore, pay attention to the recommended growing region, soil and other conditions. There are special varieties that have been bred for each region: they easily tolerate frosty winters, different types soils are less sensitive to adverse weather conditions. Consider the basic recommendations for planting trees that feel normal in mid-latitudes.

most popular fruit plant in the middle latitudes is the apple tree. This culture is photophilous, so it is better to plant it in a well-lit area. An apple tree can grow on gray forest, soddy-podzolic soils, chernozems, which are distinguished by a light mechanical composition with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction. The tree does not tolerate excess moisture, so plant it on small hills, in areas with deep groundwater - at least 1.5 m deep.

Did you know? apple orchards in the world cover 5 million hectares, and every third fruit tree in the world is an apple tree.

It is recommended to plant a pear on the south side of the site, as areas with harsh winters often cause trees to freeze. The site must be selected well protected from the wind, which is especially important in winter period. Pear grows well on moist soils, groundwater should be no closer than 1 m to the soil surface. The ideal soil for pear is loamy, sandy loam or slightly podzolic.
Cherries prefer warmer regions with more sunshine and warmth. The seedling is not recommended to be planted in the lowlands, as the cherry has poor winter hardiness and often freezes. The territory must be chosen well-ventilated - in this way many tree diseases can be avoided. As for the soil, the cherry prefers fertile soils with a light mechanical composition, characterized by high air permeability. Cherries are planted on light and medium loams, which allows you to get the maximum yield.

Plum also prefers well-lit areas, so it is necessary to plant seedlings on the south side of the site, on a wet clay soil with a thick fertile layer and a neutral reaction. Plum also grows normally in the northern regions, but subject to the basic recommendations for planting and caring for the plant. Apricots grow well in mid-latitudes and subtropics in the most illuminated areas with plenty of sunlight and heat. apricot trees must be well protected from the north winds: they can be placed on slopes and in places that are inaccessible to cold air.
The tree is best planted in light, well-drained soils. Peaches are planted in southern regions with a lot of heat and sunlight because they are not resistant to severe frosts that damage fruit buds. Peaches grow well on light loams with high air permeability and drainage, prerequisite is a good wind protection.

How to choose and buy seedlings

It is important not only to choose the right place for planting seedlings, but also to planting material, in order to ensure a good survival of the tree and obtain stable high yields further.

Important! It is preferable to buy seedlings in nurseries, avoiding markets and other dubious places.

First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the age of the tree: it is optimal to acquire planting material of two years of age, older trees have a low survival rate. Look closely at root system seedlings - it must be healthy, contain, in addition to skeletal, numerous growing roots. Do not buy trees that have knots, thickenings, growths, nodules, nodules or other dubious formations on the roots.
The minimum number of skeletal roots for a two-year-old seedling is 3, it is preferable to choose seedlings that contain more than 3. Do not buy trees that have gross mechanical damage to the roots created during the process of improper digging. The height of a two-year-old seedling should be at least 1.5 meters; healthy trees contain three lateral branches that are evenly distributed along the trunk. The bark should be smooth, not have any scratches, cracks.

Did you know? Exist interesting method determining the duration of storage of a dug up tree: it is necessary to clamp a tree branch between a large and index finger, and if the seedling is fresh, then a slight coolness will come from the tree, and if the seedling is dry–you will feel warm.

Planting hole preparation

Depending on the type of fruit tree landing pit getting ready different sizes and different shapes, but for almost all trees, round pits with sheer walls are best suited, which can ensure the normal development of the root system. The size of a hole dug in cultivated soil with a deep fertile layer should be about 70 cm in diameter and 70 cm deep.

If a tree is planted in a territory being developed for the first time, the size of the pit will increase three times, since it will need to be filled with a sufficient amount of nutrient mixture, which in the future will serve as a reservoir of substances necessary for the normal development of a young seedling. Heavy clay and sandy soils involve digging a hole 1 m in diameter and 1 m deep. Experienced gardeners it is advised to dig wider and less deep holes on clay dense soil so that water does not stagnate in their lower layers - this will have a detrimental effect on the roots of plants.
If the planting will be done in the spring, then the pits must be dug in the autumn of the previous year, if the planting will be done in the fall, then the pit is dug in May-June. This is necessary so that the fertilizers that were applied to the soil are well mixed and ripened, that is, they form the necessary microbiological environment.

Tree planting rules

Depending on the type of fruit tree, there are rules for the size of the pit, planting time and other nuances that need to be considered:

1. apple trees often planted in spring period if the seedling is not older than 2 years, so that over the summer the tree takes root, grows and survives the winter normally. Spring planting should take place in early May - late April, when the ground has already thawed and warmed up a little. If the seedling will be planted in the spring, then the pit can be prepared a week before planting. The size of the pit will depend on the soil: if it is quite fertile, then 60 cm in depth and diameter will be enough; if the soil is poor, then the depth should be at least 70 cm, and the diameter should be 80 cm. Seedlings of 3-4 years of age can be planted in autumn , since already a strong tree is not afraid winter frosts. Planting is best done in early October, so that the roots have time to strengthen before winter. In autumn, it is recommended to plant young trees in the southern regions with fertile soil. A hole is dug the same size as in the case of planting in the spring, but it is prepared a month before planting.
   
2. pear can be planted both in spring and autumn. Spring planting (at the end of April) excludes the possibility of death of the tree from frost. It is better to prepare the pit in advance, in the fall of the previous year. During this time, the soil will shrink, and after planting the seedling, the root neck will not deepen much, which guarantees the normal survival of the plant. The hole should be about a meter wide and about 50 cm deep. If the soil is poor, then the hole is dug deeper and filled with several buckets fertile soil. As in the case of an apple tree, a pear is planted in the southern regions in autumn, which allows the seedling to take root normally. In addition, a pear that was planted in the fall and survived the winter will be stronger and more resistant to future frosts. dig a hole better in spring, the size of the pit in depth is 50 cm, the diameter is 1 m, and planting is carried out in early October.
   
3. Apricot in the spring it is recommended to plant before the buds awaken on the seedling - in mid-April. The pit is prepared in autumn, its minimum size– 70 cm deep and 70 cm in diameter. The preparation of the pit for the autumn landing should be carried out in a month, or even two. A width of 1 m is required, and a depth of 80 cm. The optimal time for landing is the beginning of October.
   
4. Cherry often planted in spring (end of April), especially in the middle lane and northern regions, since over the summer the seedling grows, becomes stronger and normally tolerates wintering. The hole must be dug in advance better in autumn, its depth should be at least 50 cm, diameter - 80 cm. In autumn, planting cherries is practiced only in the southern regions, sometimes in middle lane. Optimal time for planting - the end of September, so that before the first frost hits, the tree gets stronger. The pit is prepared in the spring, the size is the same as in the case of landing in the spring.
   
5. Peach is a heat-loving plant, therefore, even in the southern regions, planting is carried out in the spring (end of April). The pit is prepared in advance, best of all in the fall, the size of the pit should be at least 70 cm deep and 1 m in diameter.
   
6. prefers spring planting in the middle lane and in the northern regions, in the southern regions, planting seedlings is most often practiced in the autumn. In spring, plums are planted at the end of April in a prepared hole. It is better to cook the pit in the fall, add to it organic fertilizers, which over a sufficiently long period of time will overheat and create ideal conditions for a young seedling. The pit should be at least 60 cm deep and 70 cm wide, or more. In autumn, at the beginning of October, the plum is planted in a hole that was dug in the spring and fertilized with organic matter, the size of the hole is 60x70 cm.
   

Did you know?Unlike other fruit trees, plums cannot be found in nature in the wild. Plum was obtained by crossing blackthorn and cherry plum more than 2 thousand years ago.

How to care for newly planted trees

When the seedlings were planted in the soil, the first time should be given Special attention regular watering. The frequency of watering depends on weather conditions and regularity of precipitation. The minimum amount of water to be poured under one tree is 20 liters at a time. You need to water 1 time in 2-4 weeks. It is recommended to check the soil for moisture with a stick: if the surface of the soil is 20 cm dry, it's time to water the seedling.

The place around the seedling should be mulched - this is necessary in order to create a favorable environment for the root system, to retain moisture in summer period, slow down the growth of weed vegetation. Mulch is poured in a fairly thick layer (15 cm) at a distance of 1-2 meters from the trunk - use sawdust, straw. The near-stem circle is regularly loosened and rid of weeds. It is especially important to loosen the soil after watering, when it is compacted from the water. Loosening is carried out to a depth of no more than 5 cm, so as not to damage the young roots.
Be sure a young tree for the winter should be insulated so that it normally endures frosts. Warming the trunk will also help protect the bark from rodent raids, which gnaw it in winter, which leads to the death of the seedling. The procedure is carried out in early November, tying lower part trunk spruce branches not less than 70 cm in height. Whitewashing of trees is carried out 2 times a year - in autumn and spring. Autumn whitewashing is done on a sunny, not rainy day at the end of September, but spring whitewash should be carried out during a period of slight frosts, when the first insects have not yet appeared.