Regular style in landscape design description. Types, styles and main components of landscape design
This article will help you make a difficult choice: which style to give preference to when arranging landscape design. We will talk about the main styles of garden design, their distinctive features and main principles.
Jules Renard's words "Bad style is an inaccurate thought" can characterize the correct approach to landscape design. It is very important to clearly understand what exactly you want to see on your site and, based on this, choose the style of garden design. Only then will the site become truly stylish, but at the same time unique and inimitable, reflecting the views of the owner on beauty and comfort.
Style in landscape design is harmoniously combined elements and design techniques. Most of the styles used in modern landscape design have evolved over the centuries. Techniques for their design were honed, new methods and opportunities appeared. But the original idea and design traditions were necessarily preserved. That is why each style is so recognizable.
Eclecticism is not the absence of taste, but its refined manifestation
It is worth starting a conversation about styles with eclecticism - a mixture of artistic styles, trends and compositional techniques.
After all, very often the plots are decorated in this "style". But quotation marks for the word "style" in relation to eclecticism in garden design can only be put if the site is designed without taking into account the features of the landscape, the nature of natural features, if there is no internal logic in its design. Tastelessly designed landscape design does not depend on the amount of material resources spent on its device. Plastic furniture with a homemade wattle fence, and an expensive carved oak set against the backdrop of an oriental-style fountain with a gilded cupid “like in the Louvre” will look equally bad.
But eclecticism is quite a popular and dynamically developing style of garden design. It allows you to mix styles and directions, use what is at hand, which is very important for summer cottages, which usually bring everything that is no longer needed, but it is a pity to throw it away.
Sometimes a mixture in reasonable proportions of elements belonging to different eras and styles becomes amazingly harmonious and whole. It is eclecticism that gives the widest field for self-expression. But it is this style that is the most difficult for its independent implementation.
In order for eclecticism in the design of garden design to become just a style, you should consider the following rules:
- Eclecticism implies a mixture of two or three styles, no more.
- Do not be afraid of contradictions, but all elements should have a unifying emphasis. For example, the same repeating color shade, the general purpose of objects (a table with assorted chairs in the gazebo).
- Playing with a recurring idea produces amazing results. For example, the deliberate "neglect" of the site or the design of the garden in the "Soviet style" will allow you to place completely incongruous at first glance small forms, a home-made gazebo and garden furniture.
- The easiest way is to divide the site into functional zones with clearly defined boundaries. Most often this is done with arches, trellises entwined with greenery, fences. Each zone can be decorated in its own style (but see paragraph 1).
What should never be done when designing landscape design in any style:
- Clutter the site with a large number of elements (several gazebos, a large number of benches, flower beds, etc.).
- Design garden furniture, small forms, fences, etc. in one color.
- Use artificial plants and flowers.
- Arrange zones and elements haphazardly, not thoughtfully, without communication with each other.
- Plant in one place at the same time a large number of bright and exotic plants.
The main styles and directions of landscape design
Regular or French style
It’s worth mentioning right away that this style is suitable for large (from 20 acres) plots with flat relief. The reason lies in the very concept of this style - the domination of man over nature, his desire for order over primordial chaos. Everything must be subordinated to this idea. A rococo or renaissance house should be the center of the site's symmetry. Relative to it, elements of landscape design are arranged in a strict order - a well-groomed lawn of a strict geometric shape with the main color spot - a luxurious flower garden in which brightly flowering plants are planted. The French flower garden requires constant care - it should not have withered, stunted plants. In the middle of the flower garden, a fountain is usually installed in the form of a sculptural composition or a bowl. Hedges are actively used, which should be symmetrical and neatly trimmed. Garden furniture and small forms are made of expensive natural stone or fine wood. Trees are more often planted evergreen, which tolerate shearing well. A reservoir in the form of a pond should be a well-balanced round or rectangular shape with clearly defined banks.
A modern version of the regular style is the architectural style of the garden landscape.
Landscape (English) style
Looks great in small areas too. It is not difficult to create it by hand. The concept of style is fusion, unity with nature, plus coziness and comfort. Even some neglect and originality is allowed. Symmetry in the English garden is useless - soft and smooth lines - it's so "English". House with obligatory terrace. The trees are tall and shady. In the most secluded and cozy corners, it is worth placing benches and gazebos. The recreation area is separated by a trellis or arch, entwined with climbing flowering plants. Another distinctive feature of the style are multi-level flower beds. Neither gravel paths, nor hedges, nor alleys should have strict geometric lines. Even a pond, which is always present in an English park, is distinguished by the absence of a clearly defined coastline, and can be slightly overgrown. Sculptures should not be the center of something, they should be placed in arbitrary places. Most of all, antique-styled busts, images of animals, mossy columns, antique sundial, etc., are suitable for the English garden.
Baroque garden
Luxury lovers style. When arranging landscape design in this style, even some excess is acceptable. Suitable for large areas. It is a kind of mixture of regular and landscape style with some theatricality, the inclusion of all the riches of the world in the "scenery". A distinctive feature is the labyrinth - an indispensable part of the garden in this style. The use of Chinese sculptures, terracing, and water cascades is also characteristic.
Country style
For small summer cottages and houses in the village, the rustic style is the best fit. Setting it up is very easy. It is enough to remember what great-grandfather's farmstead looked like or look for pictures of village life of the past or the century before last. The main thing is to preserve the integrity of the idea - if this is a Russian village, then you should not stray into Ukrainian or Baltic accents and vice versa. The style is universal in that it perfectly allows you to beat a real vegetable garden, a fruit-bearing garden, and outbuildings. A log hut with carved architraves, a functioning well in the yard, a wattle fence with clay caps, bright benches, winding paths paved with cobblestones. Such popular garden sculptures of animals - frogs, hedgehogs, storks - will be appropriate here. The flower beds are bright and colorful with plants traditional for your area. Arranging a rustic-style garden can be budgetary, because you can use a lot of things that have served their purpose - an old cart or wheelbarrow for a flower bed, wicker baskets for flowerpots, old boards for a fence or gate.
Eco style
A new, but rapidly growing trend in landscape design. The concept is to minimize the intrusion into nature. The more natural features of the site can be preserved and beaten, the more stylish such a garden will be.
Ideally, this should be a pristine corner of the ecosystem characteristic of the area. Achieving 100% environmental friendliness of the garden is almost impossible. Most often, an ecological garden refers to stylized natural landscapes. An eco-style garden can be arranged on a plot of any size. It does not require special costs and care, as natural materials and wild plants are used. Although timely watering, fertilizing, mowing, cleaning the reservoir and other garden work must be carried out regularly. The "neglect" of the ecogarden is deceptive.
One of the varieties of eco-style is the so-called forest style, in which the site is a continuation of the forest. It is a traditionally Russian style, which has been successfully arranged in summer cottages for a long time, especially in the first half of the 20th century.
Gardens in ethnic style
The arrangement of such gardens implies a serious human intervention in the existing ecosystem. Indeed, in order to organize landscape design in Japanese, Chinese, Oriental, Dutch, Mauritanian, Muslim, Alpine, Italian style, plants growing in these countries are planted, and for their growth and flowering, a certain soil composition and special watering are required. Some of the gardens listed above are very difficult to arrange on your own, and they may require the services of a professional gardener to care for them.
If you really want to have one of the above gardens in the Central Russian zone, then you should be prepared for a serious struggle with nature, which will still try to take its toll. But the arrangement of such gardens is quite feasible. The main condition is to carefully study the features of each style and ethnic group, this will help to correctly place the accents. And also competently approach the choice of plants, consult what exactly will grow in your area, and understand the rules for caring for them.
The result of a properly arranged ethnic style garden will certainly be impressive. The same recommendations can be attributed to the arrangement of the garden in a tropical style.
Gardens in fantasy, gothic, medieval style
A great way for fans of this trend in literature and cinema to create their own story. Most suitable for wetlands.
romantic style
Strictly speaking, this is not a style, but a mixture of styles. Everything should be subordinated to only one idea - romantic. Most often, not the entire site is decorated in a romantic style, but only part of its zones. For example, a romantic gazebo covered with flowers or a secret grotto for dates. Forged openwork lattices, fragrant flowers, sculptures depicting lovers. Specially arranged lighting plays an important role.
Hi-tech style
Modern style, which is preferred by young people. A house made of modern materials of laconic forms. The main concept is convenience and minimalism. Nothing superfluous, a lot of light and space. This is a kind of garden-studio. Sculptural compositions, garden furniture, plant supports of unusual "space" structures made of modern materials (aluminum, plastic and glass are required). Not many plants are planted, they should be easy to care for and match the style. A body of water, and this is most often a pool or concreted streams and channels, can have original shapes.
Alpine gardens
It makes sense to arrange on sites located on the slopes, since its concept is a reproduction of a mountain landscape. The process of its construction is quite laborious.
The article made a general overview of the existing styles and trends in landscape design. In the following articles of the series, we will dwell on each of them in more detail. What preparatory work needs to be done, what plants to use, what elements will help maintain the site in the chosen style? The answers to these and many other questions will be given in the first article on the French (regular) style.
For a modern gardener, it is important to have not only a fertile, but also a stylish beautiful garden and vegetable garden. There are about 15 basic styles of landscape design of the site. Some of them are ideal for central Russia, others require a lot of effort for implementation and further care.
Fundamentals of any landscape design
The main condition for the harmonious design of the garden plot is to match the style of the house with the rest of the plot. It is also necessary to take into account the existing landscape (alpine style on the plain rarely looks good) and the surrounding nature (Moorish style in birches is an extremely original solution).
The main styles of landscape design for the middle lane
Below are the main characteristics and photos of modern landscape design styles.
Country style
Rustic style is a style of cute neglect. The decor is characterized by a mixture of a garden, flower beds and a vegetable garden. The basis is fruit trees and shrubs, which are complemented by mallow, sunflowers, cosmea, calendula, chamomile and other unpretentious bright flowers. Sometimes, instead of flowers, the fruits of physalis, grapes, pumpkins are used.
Another characteristic is the use of many accessories: carts, wheels, old pots, wicker fences, decorative wells, barrels and benches.
It is important not to use strict forms and a clear division into zones, and also not to abuse spacious lawns.
English (landscape) style
To create an English-style design, you need to carefully study the existing vegetation on and off the site, since the basis of this style is maximum harmony with nature.
Another feature is the presence of winding stone paths, spacious lawns and small ponds decorated with stones, water lilies and irises. Mixborders are often planted that include a variety of flowers, ornamental grasses, and shrubs to mimic natural undergrowth.
You also need to remember about vertical gardening: ivy, wild grapes and, of course, climbing roses. In general, any variety of roses: semi-wild, weaving and separately growing is an integral part of the English style in landscape design.
Color accents - green, silver, purple. It is favorable to plant roses, delphinium, mallow, peonies, crocuses, sage, tulips, begonias, pansies and daffodils. Of the trees and shrubs, hydrangea, boxwood, mock orange, thuja, juniper, barberry and willow will ideally fit into the landscape. Flowers are planted in groups, mixed with flowers and herbs.
It is important to remember that the quality implementation of landscape style in landscape design requires a spacious plot of at least 12 acres and constant care to maintain slight negligence. Benches, forged lanterns, humpbacked bridges, flowerpots, small arbors are used as complementary accessories.
Chinese style
This is an original style based on water, stones and trees. There are no restrictions on the size of the plot, but its implementation in life is quite laborious work. First, you need to select a lot of stones of various sizes and shapes. Of these, landscape groups are formed, which are complemented by plants.
Coniferous plants are most often used: pines, junipers, dwarf spruces, decorative maples and cherries. Fescue, ferns, irises, peonies are planted from flowers and herbs.
And of course the center of the composition is a pond with water lilies and lotuses. On the shore there is a gazebo, which is also considered an integral part of the Chinese style.
It is important to remember that a house for this landscape style must either be hidden behind the trees, or be made in high-tech or modern style.
Hi-tech style
This style is distinguished by clear chopped forms with right angles. Rigid separation of paths from lawns and flower beds. The main focus is a well-groomed spacious lawn.
A variety of flowers and plants is not welcome. The most common choice is plants suitable for shearing, such as boxwood, juniper, cotoneaster, barberry. They are usually formed into cubes or balls.
From ornamental plants, preference is given to hostas, succulents, ferns, or small discreet ground cover flowers.
The main decoration of the high-tech garden is lighting and designer lanterns, as well as various benches and decorative balls made of polished stone or wood.
The paths are made as straight as possible from concrete plates. An artificial reservoir can become part of such a garden, but only if it is framed in concrete banks. The color scheme includes many shades of green and gray, blue, chocolate and purple.
Among the main styles of landscape design, one can also note the Mediterranean, Moorish and Alpine. All these styles require special landscape art skills to create a harmonious composition with the house and the surrounding nature.
And also associated with the use of exotic plants that require special care. Therefore, the best solution for central Russia is to use elements of a landscape or rustic style.
Photos of landscape design styles
It takes a lot of effort, investment, style searches, and time to create the garden of your dreams. The value of landscape design lies in the ability to competently and logically distribute and break up space, place floral and other plant accents on the site. This requires a special creative approach.
Consider in more detail the nuances of the design of the site in this article.
Peculiarities
It is human nature to surround yourself with beauty. Natural harmony and landscape beauty today can be created with your own hands. The main thing is to follow the chosen direction. And the choice here is really very large. The modern style design of a garden or a personal plot can tell a lot about the owner: his tastes, preferences, knowledge.
Today, in suburban villages, you can find both separate directions and a mixture of styles. Eclecticism has its own characteristic features here too - in one corner you can see alpine design, in the other - avant-garde. The use of different styles allows you to find a solution for a specific site using modern building, covering and other materials, such as geotextiles.
Stylistic decisions
In landscape design, all attention is paid to details: the shape of alleys and paths, the selection of plants, the color palette of the entire site, the presence of reservoirs and hills. The chosen styles may differ in popularity, but not in energy.
Any landscape is good if made with soul. For example, you can organize a chalet on flat terrain. But let's focus on the most common styles.
Landscape
This style is the most natural, classic. There is another popular name for it - English, so it is named for its commitment to classicism and traditions. A characteristic feature of this genre is the strict symmetry inherent in the landscape style. This applies to both site planning and trimmed shrubs. The naturalness of wildlife in this aspect is absent - everything is ruled by rationality, regularity in caring for the garden.
You can also find such a name for the landscape style as cottage. Wealthy people living in cottages outside the city need a calm, predictable atmosphere, at the same time not without some riot of vegetation. Certain types of plants are suitable for this, for example, bright, catchy spirea.
Signs of landscape style in garden landscape design:
- straight paths, paths and alleys;
- strict outlines of flower beds;
- classic view of trees and ponds;
- the presence of fountains (especially in the middle of the composition);
- the presence of gazebos at the intersection of paths.
landscape design is best for large plots (at least 15 acres). The color palette of the landscape can be any, the transition of shades should be soft.
To give more natural design in the design often used natural material (stone, wood).
In a landscape style, it is preferable to use topiary plants - linden, thuja, pyramidal poplar, maple are suitable for the main vegetation. A worthy decoration of the garden will be grapes, jasmine, lilac, juniper.
It is better to put a gazebo in a rounded shape with an imitation of an ancient Greek portico, or pergolas can be used. The garden will be decorated with cast or forged benches, ledges. To complete the composition, sculptural figures, columns, flowerpots on a leg and arches are suitable..
In the landscape style and in any of its varieties, there is romance and the desire for harmonious combinations, correct geometry (combinations of both strict and more loyal shapes and sizes), a lot depends on the general style of the design of the site.
Regular
Strictness and symmetry are also present in the regular style of landscape design. It's more French chic with popular axial compositions.
All attention is given to the key object in the landscape. The central figure is a sculpture, a tree, a fountain, a bush, and even a house. All objects are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other.. Although it is worth emphasizing that experiments are appropriate in a regular style. You can put a classic gazebo, and break a motley flower garden around. The reservoir can be natural or artificial, like a gazebo (for example, from shrubs).
The choice of plants for a regular garden is based on fundamentally important factors:
- strict symmetry and axial compositions;
- central or key figures;
- neat lawn and paths;
- symmetrical arrangement of flowers, shrubs and trees;
- flower beds planted in a certain order;
- the presence of gazebos from plants (bosquet) is welcome;
- the main flower garden in a regular garden usually consists of long-flowering plants (for example, marigolds or pergolas);
- bush plants are better to choose those that retain their shape for a long time after cutting (for example, barberry, maple, hawthorn, spirea);
- symmetrical crop plantings can be diluted with plant species from the natural environment.
Scandinavian
The refined and free Scandinavian style in landscape design attracts with a chaotic distribution of trees, flowers, bushes or sculptural figures on the site, an abundance of vegetation of different varieties and their bold combinations. At the same time, in the design of such a garden, a clear line of harmonious combination of all elements can be traced, up to garden furniture.
In many modern sites, the eye clings to beautiful wicker or wood furniture. It creates an indescribable feeling of home coziness and comfort.
Some designers advise to move away from stereotypes and give preference not to exquisite benches, but to large hewn logs. Even a simple snag under a bush can bring more positive emotions than a chic sculpture.
In the Scandinavian style, the emphasis is on natural beauty and naturalness, natural shades in the design of the landscape. The presence of pebbles, cobblestones and branches “accidentally” found around the turn of the path is welcome.
Unusual shapes of objects are considered appropriate here.(benches, tables, awnings). A beautiful canvas of flowers can be adjacent to a high hedge. In general, greenery in such a garden should be in abundance.
In Scandinavian style, details play an important role. So, some rustic utensils can dilute the overall picture.
The main points that decide a lot in the Scandinavian style of site design:
- obligatory presence of stones (from ordinary and untreated blocks to small pebbles);
- artificial grottoes against the background of various plants create a natural phenomenon;
- the presence of decorative elements made of wood or stone;
- no asphalt paths, only grass or stone;
- free rectangular areas are also made of stone, and plants of bright colors and even berry bushes are planted around the perimeter;
- there should not be clear zoning in such a site.
Russian estate
Of great interest in landscape design is the design of the garden in the style of a Russian estate. The main difference of this design is that beauty and practicality are skillfully combined in it. In such a garden, both bright flower beds and neat vegetable beds look great.
Harmony is the main success factor in the design of a Russian estate. But it is worth considering that garden in domestic terms is inappropriate here. It is more like a decorative element of the landscape. In this style mini-gardens are practiced “for the soul and good”- this is one of the conditions for designing a garden in the Russian style.
The natural environment, even some carelessness and randomness of the vegetation on the site are also one of the characteristic features of this style.
The garden requires regular care, but without fanaticism. It is more difficult to create a natural or natural landscape under the guidance of a gardener. In this case, you can do without cutting shrubs, but the lawn must be well-groomed. In the Russian garden, you can use both typical Russian latitudes and exotic plants.
Particular attention is paid to the topic of zoning on the site, when it needs to be divided into recreational and functional zones.
On the example of many sites, you can see the placement of accents from stones, architectural elements, hedges, arbors. If we take examples of how old Russian estates looked like, then we can recall vast areas with forests where birch, oak, and coniferous plants grew. Near the house, lilac bushes and fragrant flowers were sure to flaunt.
The breadth and generosity of the Russian soul is expressed not only in the song, but also in the space. Moreover, to feel free, it is not necessary to have large allotments. The main thing is the competent use of landscape space.
Japanese
This is a thematic garden that tunes in to East Asian philosophy. A feature of the Japanese-style garden is the maximum unity with nature. At the same time, here you will not find a chaotic planting of plants or "accidentally" scattered stones and sculptures. Japanese-style landscape design is possible even on a miniature plot, where several dwarf plants from the coniferous variety are usually located.
Thanks to the refined psychology of Japanese designers, a unique, inimitable landscape is created on the site, which does not accept the correct geometric outlines. The Japanese garden is characterized by the creation of several functional zones at once, regardless of the area..
Interzonal space has very smooth transitions due to the right choice of plants and materials. A garden in a classic Japanese style appears only in calm, delicate colors.
Chinese
Another type of Asian-style site is the Chinese garden. It is not always possible to equip a garden in this style the first time. Although the Chinese garden ideas seem simple, they are easy to implement.
The main subtleties of Chinese landscape design are that different styles can be easily combined here. For example, it is easy for the uninitiated to confuse Japanese and Chinese landscape design. In fact, there are a lot of differences. The Japanese style, like the Chinese, emphasizes the superiority and beauty of nature itself. However for the Chinese, it is important to emphasize the man-made nature of the garden.
The elements of water, fire and earth are the main components of the landscape.
When decorating the site, wood and metal are necessarily used. Design options in such a garden are extremely diverse. Therefore, before changing the general appearance of the site, it is worth deciding on the directions of Chinese-style design:
- the classic version of the design of the garden - with the presence of bright colors and smooth transitions, with many decorative elements;
- creation of a philosophical garden - a corner for solitude and reflection, without bright color spots;
- home garden - more like a small ornamental garden;
- calm or aggressive Chinese-style garden.
The whole landscape is arranged for tall or, conversely, low plants. But a full-fledged Chinese-style garden can only be set up on a large plot.
Country
The refined rustic country style attracts with the fact that it seems very familiar and familiar to many. This rural style in the design of the site has been known for a long time, subsequently the designers managed to find other approaches to decorating the garden in an eco-style.
Free flight of fantasy against the backdrop of a natural riot of colors, lush flower beds, low hedges with a mysterious gate. Free eco-style in the design of the site implies naturalness and undemanding care.
Landscaping in country style can be arranged even in a summer cottage.
The main features of country style:
- the presence of trees of different sizes;
- rural simplicity;
- romance;
- bench near the house;
- a low white fence or wattle fence;
- fragrant berry bushes and small fruit trees;
- country gazebos;
- all kinds of paths and paths, bordered by flowers.
Three basic principles are used to create a country-style garden. Site design should be built on romance, softness, without inclusions of exotic colors. Preference is given to hydrangeas, phloxes, peonies, lilacs or jasmine. Chamomile, cornflowers, field herbs, yarrow and plantain are suitable as a decorative frame.
Romanticism is inherent in slight negligence - in such a garden you will not see perfectly smooth paths and an English lawn. It creates a feeling of the presence in the garden of a particle of the environment, without human intervention.
Artificial decorative materials are almost out of place here, even elegant plastic figurines will stand out noticeably against the general background of calmness and natural harmony. But the presence of clay pots, wooden watering cans, carts with vegetation and even old wheels is welcome.
Accessories that recreate the old rustic style fit into the country style. For example, a small mill, if a stream flows nearby, a gazebo from a rose garden, a wooden trough or bucket.
Humor in country style is clay figurines of gnomes or wooden sculptures of animals.
Modern
The modern stylistic design of the personal plot was embodied in a vivid example of modernity. There is also a mixture of minimalism and high-tech. This style reflects the individuality of the owners of the house, who prefer a bright urban style in design.
The Art Nouveau garden does not take up much space. Everything you need is already at hand - a lawn with clear lines, a couple of bushes, flowers and grass in the corner, free planning or zoning, possibly a pond or stream. The geometry of the garden here seems more symbolic, natural, unpretentious.
The presence in the garden of forging elements on a bench, a German-style lantern will perfectly complement the overall look of the site. The simplicity of the garden lies in the fact that it is clearly visible from any side.
The Art Nouveau landscape also implies contrasts. This applies to shapes, lines and colors, horizontal and vertical transitions, the play of light and shadow. When organizing a style garden, it is necessary to select plants, preferably exotic species. The more unusual or unusual the coloring of large leaves of garden plants, the better. Bushes can be cut in the most unusual shape and make them spherical, rectangular with transitions. Preference is given to bushy plants, which are easy to give the desired geometric shape.
The well-groomed garden in the Art Nouveau style contrasts with the lush vegetation of asymmetrical forms.
You can plant rhododendrons, giving them, on the one hand, a bizarre look, and on the other, leaving them in a slightly original form. Of plants unchanged companions in the Art Nouveau style have long been girlish grapes, clematis, bindweed, hops.
Original patterns on the green carpet are created by a contrasting combination of flower plants. Bionics, vintage and architectural forms in modern landscape design can combine the characteristic features of classic design elements, any theme is chosen.
Provence
The refined look and romance of the Provence-style garden goes back to the original source - French Provence. With lavender fields, winding paths, ornate stone wall decorations, this style fills the garden with indescribable charm.
Soft, energizing style Provence in landscape design embodies both Mediterranean and Italian design. The design of the garden in this style is typical for the most part for countries with arid hot climates.
The concept of style is well known, because any activity today is carried out within the framework of this definition. The stylistic direction includes the features of some art, characteristic of a certain time. Landscape design, however, like many other architectural and construction projects, also takes place according to a certain style trend. Choosing the right style of landscape design is not an easy task. Firstly, the types of landscape design are quite diverse, and secondly, not every style will look perfect in a particular area. But the desire of any land owner is that, when they see his territory, those around him characterize it with the word: “Delightful!”. Therefore, creating a landscape masterpiece requires a lot of effort, time and knowledge of what landscape design styles are and how best to reproduce them. This is what will be discussed below.
regular style
Landscaping in the style of a regular (classical) is characterized by symmetrical and graceful forms. It is characterized by the presence of restraint and clear boundaries. This stylistic direction suggests the presence of a large object as the main part of the landscape composition, it can be a water source, a pond or a statue. Around it are paths of an absolutely even shape, strewn with pebbles or gravel, and trees are arranged according to the same principle. As a rule, the paths are necessarily decorated with carefully trimmed hair.
Regular style or classic The classic style in landscape design allows for organization, planted in a strict symmetrical arrangement. Flower representatives can be from the brightest to discreet shades. The flower bed decorated with tulips, petunias, crocuses, for example, marigolds will also look most suitable for this style.
As part of such landscape compositions, there may be trees of a strict form. For example, the territory can be decorated with linden, catalpa, spruce or is also perfect.
A characteristic feature of the garden, decorated in the classical style, is the organization of bosquets, that is, geometric compositions created by decorative shearing of densely planted bushes or trees.
Classic style in the backyard landscape style
What it is? In short, this direction is the exact opposite of the aforementioned regular style.
It is characterized by the absence of any symmetry, clarity, restraint, everything is as natural and natural as possible. When designing in a landscape style, it is recommended not to focus on large objects, including the house itself, but rather to skillfully hide it behind the trees.
landscape style Features of such a landscape project are:
- Wildflowers and those that can be found in forest lands. They should be planted in an asymmetric order, according to the principle of the natural landscape. Some experts advise opting for colors of soft colors, close to pastels, which will create a greater effect of naturalness;
- Winding paths. Undersized grass will serve as the optimal cover for them, you can also use brick chips or sand cover.
Landscape-style paths have a winding shape Landscape garden (video description)
Japanese style design
The Japanese trend in landscape design is, first of all, achieving harmony between nature and man. Often this style is called "soothing", because the main goal of designing is to relax in the full sense of the word, from the physical state to the spiritual. The main landscape elements are stones and water.
Japanese style When designing the territory in this direction, focus on
- paths paved with stone;
- on decorative structures consisting of several stones (5-6 pieces);
- construction of stone fountains or sculptures.
These components are a mandatory requirement for creating a Japanese atmosphere.
As for vegetation, there are several basic recommendations - flowers of calm shades, low trees. Irises, ferns, dwarf pines, hydrangea, heather are suitable alternatives.
As for one more element - “water”, it can be organized as a miniature one, decorating it with a bridge and. These elements will give the landscape Japanese expressiveness and color.
Japanese-style pond is a must English style direction
English style in landscape design has a rich and long history. In view of this, often when designing a garden in this style, one can often find an imitation of ancient stylized ruins and statues.
English style Very often, natural water bodies complement the overall picture of a personal plot, although artificial ones are no exception, but created following the example of the first. Tall trees, sandy shores can be used as decorations for reservoirs. The paths can be lined with natural or similar stone, and small shrubs are planted along, as usual.
Designing in the English style is carried out in large areas, as there is a need to accommodate a large number of shrubs, trees, herbs. Dense vegetation is one of the main features.
For this flow, the observance of symmetry is completely irrelevant. On the contrary, winding paths, multi-tiered plants, alternation of shrubs and lawns and other contradictions are completely normal for a garden created according to the English principle. However, it is impossible not to mention the perfectly trimmed lawn, which is the main skate in this direction.
English style in the garden Country style
So far from a complex civilization, and so close to natural primitiveness, the style in landscape design is rustic. Its characteristic features are uncut grass on the lawn; nondescript and such ordinary plants; wattle fence, instead of a high stone fence; decoration in the form of aged vessels of various shapes. Among the trees, fruit trees, such as apple, cherry, pear, find their place, but the flower beds are decorated with daisies, cornflowers, tulips - in general, everything that reminds of a distant and carefree childhood. The final touch, emphasizing simplicity and rusticity, will be decorating the site with a clumsy stuffed animal, wooden cart or wheel.
Country style Country
The American continent is certainly considered the birthplace of this direction, the times of the development of the Wild West still remind of themselves. Wooden houses, garden fruit trees, a garden with a traditional wicker fence - all this is very familiar to the design of this style. In some features, it is very similar to the previous, rural one: there is still no lawns and natural grass, climbing plants on an extension to the house, trees and shrubs in wooden tubs, everything is quite natural and has no clear boundaries. Clay pots, wooden buckets or a trough act as decor.
Country style Chinese style
Landscape design in the Chinese style is, first of all, the unity of the principles of the ancient Feng Shui culture and modern achievements in landscape design. All components of the design should be located in their place according to the cardinal points. The basic rules are naturalness, splendor and beauty. Since, according to Chinese signs, red is a symbol of life and good luck, as well as wealth and glory, it is easy to assume that a garden plot would be simply unthinkable without plants of different shades of red. One of the central places will be given to a pond with lotuses, a small bamboo bridge is an obligatory attribute.
Chinese style A good option for choosing trees will be willow, peach or plum trees. Their number should be moderate so that they do not stand out too much and do not cover the main elements of landscape decoration. And of course, the main component of the overall picture has always been, is and will be - with a curved roof, built in the traditional Chinese style, which the inhabitants of the East call "the eyes of the garden."
mediterranean current
The main condition is the preservation of sophistication, but at the same time simplicity and nobility. The Mediterranean style in landscape design suggests the presence of "living" fences, consisting of shrubs, beautiful rose gardens, meadows with herbs and fruit trees.
mediterranean style As in other style directions, the construction of some water components, for example, a fountain, a stream or a waterfall, will not be superfluous. In some cases, to achieve completeness and maximum compliance with the chosen style, it is recommended to build a gazebo, preferably where there are many trees. It can be decorated with flowerpots and provide a path leading to a water feature.
Consultation with an expert on choosing a style (video)
So, as you can see, the styles of landscape design are diverse and unique. And these are just some of them, in fact, there are a lot of them, for every taste. The main thing to remember is that a wise choice and the right approach is the key to making dreams come true!
A person is closely connected with nature, which is why when he has a dacha or a house with a small plot of land, he wakes up with a desire to create the garden of his dreams: it can be a simple vegetable garden with a garden, intricate weaves of lawns and paths, or a simple Russian-style estate. To bring your ideas to life, it is very important to choose the right style for the future garden, according to the scientific style of landscape design. The word style itself is a set of creative techniques and ideas, due to the unity of artistic content and theme. It is necessary not only to correctly apply the planning technique, but also to decide on the color scheme, select plants, small architectural forms, type of decorative paving, garden equipment.
It is known that garden styles have existed since time immemorial: suffice it to recall the legendary wonder of the world - the gardens of Babylon, the description of which has come down to our days. In ancient Greece, Egypt, Rome, there was also gardening art, which became the basis for the formation of classical styles. Over time, the principles have been transformed, and the fashion for decorative elements is constantly changing. Recently, people's interest in traditional styles has been growing - for example, a classic noble estate - here, and a small pond, and a pair of snow-white beautiful birch trees, and lawns planted with wild flowers. Mediterranean and oriental motifs are also interesting.
The decorative details of the garden also attract attention - unusual planters, sculptures, flowerpots, bridges, bird feeders and birdhouses are actively used in the gardens. The fashion for sundials is returning - a trend in Europe, however, now they play not so much a practical role as a decorative one. Green sculptures are also a new-fangled element - and these can be both intricate trimmed figures, as well as ordinary shrubs, and weaving plants grown on a metal frame. In any case, existing trends should not put you in a rigid framework, it's time to show your imagination and decide on bold experiments.
Conventionally, all styles of landscape design are divided into 2 groups: regular and landscape. If the regular styles are characterized by the presence of some regularity and strict geometry, then the landscape style emphasizes the closeness of a person to Mother Nature and allows you to realize all ideas. Let's take a look at each of the styles in more detail.
Regular landscaping styles
French style landscape design
This style cannot but delight, because it is the very embodiment of luxury and elegance. It requires strict geometry so that the artificiality of the created garden is deliberately emphasized, and there is not a single hint of the naturalness of the composition. Wide alleys, graceful figures, parterre lawns, beautiful flower beds - these are the main elements of this style. Strict symmetry must be observed in the layout: it is preferable to cut shrubs in the form of geometric shapes or straight lines. True, such a garden will require considerable care.
photo: French style landscape design
An obligatory element in the French garden is a pond in the center of the composition, framed by cascades and sculptures. Lawns and flower beds are not high, they are in sharp contrast with bosquets - this is the name of trees and shrubs that are trimmed in the form of green walls. Paths lined with paving slabs with a green frame of undersized shrubs will look very nice.
First, form your garden idea on paper: all elements must be arranged in a strict order and be geometrically correct - build the bends with a compass. Remember that in such a garden there should be two points - the top one, where the house is located, from there a view of the entire plot should open, and the bottom one, where the main entrance is located. If you have a significant elevation difference on your site, you can form a cascade of flat terraces and connect them with stairs. An interesting solution would be the creation of labyrinths from thickets of honeysuckle, juniper or hazel. An elegant forged lattice can become a fence for such a garden.
Italian or Mediterranean landscape design
Initially, this style assumed the presence of strict geometric shapes and perpendicular paths. The center of the composition is a reservoir, around which there is a paved area and rare flower beds. The garden is surrounded by a sheared hedge or an elegant fence. A special solemnity can be given to the garden with the help of alleys and fountains, and spherical and cube-shaped shrubs and trees will become a harmonious frame for the paths.
photo: Italian landscape design style
Also a characteristic feature of this style is the patio - this is a platform on a hill, located next to the house. Here you can place garden furniture, decorate the patio with sculptures and flowerpots with vegetation, and both coniferous and deciduous trees and shrubs are appropriate.
Moorish or Muslim garden
A characteristic feature of this style is the use of several squares, the center of the composition is a fountain or pond, and around it plants are planted in a geometric sequence and paths are broken. Pools and fountains are often lined with marble or decorative glass, it is worth remembering that water in Islam is sacred, it is purification and life, without it the Garden of Eden is simply impossible to imagine.
photo: Moorish style of landscape design
The framing of such a garden are galleries, which are entwined with roses or wild grapes. A characteristic feature of such a garden is a corner of aromas where spicy herbs are planted - such a heavenly place will definitely appeal to the owners who adore spices and unusual aromas. Tiled or mosaic paving is common in the courtyard - it is both simple and elegant.
landscape styles of landscape design
This style is based on naturalness, it is a harmonious combination of human labors with the gifts of nature. There is no place for symmetry, geometric lines and shapes, most often the main role is played not by the house, but by the garden, while the building is hidden behind dense growth or entwined with wild grapes. Picturesque reservoirs, winding paths, plants planted in tiers - all this is a landscape style. If you have an uneven area, do not worry, because this style involves alternating hills, slopes and flat areas.
photo: English style landscape design
For reservoirs, it is worth creating a natural frame - planting near-water plants, sprinkle the soil with sand or pebbles, pave the paths with wild stone or cut tree trunks. Low shrubs are planted along the paths, but there are few flowers in the English garden - most often these are wild flowers and unobtrusive garden flowers - chamomile, calendula, aster, bluebell, and they are planted not in flower beds, but in chaotic groups.
chinese style landscaping
This type of gardening art originated many centuries ago, its characteristic features are naturalness, spontaneity, in fact, it is a world in miniature, giving its owner a sense of harmony and peace.
photo: Chinese style landscape design
In the foreground in such a garden - water and stones, and only then architecture. Flowers play only a fleeting role, coniferous trees, bamboo, stunted shrubs will organically fit in, but the lawn may be completely absent. It is definitely worth building a wooden pointed gazebo for tea ceremonies in the open air, stretch a bridge across the pond, and you can hang Chinese lanterns around the perimeter of the site
Japanese garden
Most often, a garden in this style occupies a small area, its beauty is in symbolism. Stone sculptures and figurines framing the pond, a light gazebo, and natural vegetation will be appropriate here.
photo: Japanese style landscape design
A special place in the Japanese garden is occupied by cherry blossoms - the embodiment of beauty and resilience. Perfectly get along in our climate and bonsai - bonsai, coniferous plants and low shrubs. Do not forget about the stones - chaotic heaps and intricate compositions will complement the Japanese garden.
Modern styles of landscape design
One of the modern styles, dictated by the trend of fashion trends. It implies the presence of simple lines and open space.
photo: Modern style in landscape design
There is no place for elaborate decorations and unnecessary details, a minimum of accessories is enough. The paths are laid out with slabs, a platform is created in the patio where you can put simple modern furniture, plants in the garden can be planted in a container. The layout can be asymmetrical, but the flower beds are characterized by strict geometric lines.
Cozy rustic style: in fact, it is in search of this unique comfort that many people buy summer cottages. A characteristic feature of this style is the use of simple and uncomplicated forms and natural materials. The texture and color of the decorative elements should be similar to the material from which the house is built - it can be stone, wood or brick. The garden is filled with different colors - flower beds with bright flowers are appropriate here - mallows, peonies, phloxes, calendula, marigolds, dahlias and others.
photo: Country style in landscape design
There are no visual restrictions in such compositions. It is advisable to make furniture yourself - in extreme cases, chairs can be made from stumps, and a table from several boards. You can use clay pots, wattle, old painted buckets or barrels - the main thing is not to be afraid to show your imagination and then your summer cottage will be really unusual and very cozy.