Layout of the garden and vegetable garden in a private house. Garden layout: options

Like any responsible event, laying the future garden on the site begins with planning: how carefully you think through all the details of the placement of capital and outbuildings, how responsibly you treat the choice of a place for trees, shrubs, vegetable and berry plants, will depend on the abundance harvest, and the comfort of your stay in the country.

When planning a garden and vegetable garden, there are many nuances to take into account, so take your time, calculate several suitable options at once, and then choose the best one.

If you want your garden to not only bear fruit, but also look wonderful, you need to make a little effort and a little imagination already when laying it. This is a very responsible job: it includes a large number of processes running simultaneously, besides, preparatory work and planting must be carried out in a short time.

The laying of a garden deserves special attention also because the mistakes made at the same time are difficult to correct in the future, since fruit trees are planted once for many years.

How to fill your garden with beautiful and prolific plants? In order to properly plan the backyard garden, use the advice of experienced summer residents presented on this page.

Planning the territory of the future garden

Whichever path you choose, the laying of the future garden should begin with a clear layout of the territory. All plants must be planted immediately in a permanent place, as transplants greatly harm the plants. In order not to be mistaken, think over the site plan to the smallest detail and sketch all your ideas.

Use your site measurements to plan your garden and orchard by drawing a plan to scale. Such care is needed not only to accurately determine the landing site. You can easily calculate the number of selected plants.

When planning the various zones of their garden, they usually try to make sure that the playground is clearly visible from the kitchen or from the recreation area.

It doesn’t matter if you are planning a berry garden or a garden on your site or not - it is simply necessary to make a working area. After all, the garden will be planted with plants that need care.

In the working area there is a barn with inventory, a pit for a compost heap. And since this zone is not very attractive, it can be hidden by plants.

When the entire site is divided into zones and measurements are made on the ground, you need to think about communication between the zones, that is, about paths and paths. It is better if the tracks do not run at right angles, but begin to bend smoothly.

Walk along the marked paths, check: is everything convenient? If all is well, you can move on to placing plants around the site.

If you cannot imagine your life without fresh vegetables, then take a well-lit place for the garden, located not on the aisle and in such a way that the trees do not interfere with the normal growth of vegetables.

When planning the design of the garden, in order for the plantings to please you not only with their appearance, but also with the harvest, trees are placed at a distance of 4 m from each other, shrubs - 1.5-2 m. To create hedges, plants are planted at shorter intervals, depending on the type of fence.

A recreation area can be located next to the house. Berry bushes located on it, formed on trellises, and fruit trees on trunks will create a special comfort. Do not place a pool or other body of water near the playground.

Look at the photo - when planning paths in the garden, you need to take into account that they must provide access to every corner of the site:

The width of the path should be sufficient so that a garden wheelbarrow can pass through it normally.

Here is one example of successful garden planning:

• • Low hedge of chaenomeles
  • on the lawn

• Hozblok
• paved paths
• Compost
• Garden of columnar apple trees
• hedge from
• Patio
• Golden currant hedge
• Lawn
• Arch with Actinidia
• Playground
• flower garden
• Composition of bushes - on boles and ordinary
• Garden
• Gooseberry
• coastal plants
• Path covered with gravel
• plums
• Three pear trees

Planning a place to plant plants in the garden

As experienced gardeners advise, when drawing up a site plan, it is important to be guided not only by your desires, but also by the needs of plants, therefore, when planning a garden, it is important to choose the right place for planting them.

Any plant for normal growth and development needs good lighting. However, this does not mean that they must roast all day in the open sun.

As shown in the photo, when planning a vegetable garden, trees should only be placed in an open area:

This is especially true for plants formed in the form of trellises, cordons and palmettes. This need is due to the fact that when shading, the branches will grow unevenly, one-sidedly, strongly stretched, and, therefore, it will be difficult to form and further care for the plantations.

In addition, mature trees have a limited number of branches where overgrown branches can form. To extend the productive period, it is important to take care of good lighting of these particular branches, because they bear fruit.

When planning a garden on a plot, shrubs can be content with a shaded position, as they are less demanding on lighting. In addition, the root system of shrubs is more superficial, and therefore more demanding on moisture conditions.

The Earth for us is a natural wealth that fed our grandfathers and parents. Today, only a small percentage of people manage to interact with it directly - coming to summer cottages a couple of tens of kilometers away, living in rural settlements or their own private house within the city. All these options often converge on one thing - cultivation work, weed removal, planting of cultivated plants and (or) ... Sometimes, all these things are carried out on the "weekend", after working working days. But, after all, you also need to relax, go out to the summer terrace or just stand on the edge of the garden and contemplate how you were able to properly plan the garden on your site.

Of course, while the endless expanses of the snow cover are in front of you, you don’t really “plan”, but you have a warm blanket, a cozy chair, you have brewed delicious tea for yourself and you can start to decide from a theoretical point of view how you want to plan the garden.

If you decide, you can give each square meter of land such a look that cultivated plants will give up to 15% -20% more yield, the flowers will be slimmer, and the eye will only rejoice

Based on this, we offer you the following theses, which We will reveal during our “journey” in planning a “workspace”:

• We decide on the landing plan;
• We form the correct dimensions and position of the beds;
• Alternation of cultures - what is it and what is eaten with;
• Combined landing;
• Crop rotation and many other "topical" issues and their solutions.

Soil in the garden

We are sure that you, as an experienced person in terms of the annual choice of crops grown on your site, know that in order to plan them, you need to know which soil in the garden is more suitable for a particular variety or variety. And if earlier this was done “by eye”, now it is necessary to correctly determine the soil composition, which means that it is imperative to find out acidity (pH).

This is quite simple to do - take samples taken in the garden to a special laboratory. Be sure, for a more accurate composition, you need to take several samples from different parts of it. If you do not want to wait a long time, pay, or are just interested, and Can this test be done at home?, we answer - albeit not so accurate, but possible. To do this, take the same “samples”, mix them thoroughly to get a literally homogeneous mass and pour some into a jar or other container. Next, pour some vinegar and see the result. There will be 2 of them, and each will point to its designation:

• On a soil sample, when in contact with vinegar, bubbles appear, which will mean neutral pH;
• The vinegar will soak into the ground with no visible reaction, which will determine acidic pH soil.

Let's say right away that this is not the most accurate analysis, but it allows you to quickly and more clearly highlight this important issue.

Planning rules or how to plan a garden

In addition to the composition of the soil, plan a site the competent arrangement of those several beds that you are already “sorting out” in your imagination will help. Here are some rules to help you with this:

• The best option for the location of the garden is a flat area. In cases where the site is on a slope, choose the southern or southeastern part;
• Be sure to resolve the issue with. Innovation or automation is not important here - it's your choice. Both large and small gardens love the availability of water, which will be more convenient for you;
• We define the soil. Chernozem is best suited to plan a garden and get a rich harvest. But if heavy clay predominates in the soil, you will have to ennoble it and bring peat, sand, or black soil itself to the site;
• If you have not yet decided how to make beds correctly and where to start, start by laying out the site at a distance from the trees. They will not create a shadow, and at any time the ground will be warmed up by the sun's rays.

• From south to north beds are located if the site you own is in a lowland. Often, the earth is constantly damp, which means that it needs to be warmed up by the sun;
• West to East, beds are planned in case of dry soil. The aisles will be under the shade of the plants, which will retain moisture;
• With ground slope, it is better to break the beds across;
• South side suitable for planning a garden, and northern- a garden, if the site is not initially flat.

We create a landing plan

We agree that planning a garden is a painstaking work that will take a single day, but without it you will not make rich harvests, and this place will not become your rest.

The first thing to start with - Draw a plan of "possessions" on paper

The drawing should contain the most complete information: shape and size, information about the acidity of the soil, its orientation. Next, break the site into zones - a garden, a vegetable garden, a residential and economic zone. It will be great if you observe, and bring in, the magnitude of the shadow from buildings, trees. Now, in order to more clearly plan the garden, we make its “model”. To do this, cut out strips of paper and write the name of the plants you will be planting, as well as important fixtures such as watering centers,. Place them, "play" and find the right combination. For those who think that these actions “can be omitted”, let’s say that it’s better to prepare on paper than to find the right places in the garden itself in the spring. When all forms and places are determined, you can think about the varieties and varieties of crops that are needed in the garden.

Correct beds

If there are no proper beds in the garden, then rest will not work - everything will be painstaking work. Therefore, we will pay attention to the beds in order to correctly plan the garden.

• Lowering or lifting

There are several positions of the beds: deepened, raised, level with the ground. The level is determined by the availability of watering every day, natural conditions. For example, if you cannot water your beds every day, then it is better to deepen them, and vice versa.

• Dimensions

Forms can be completely different, the most important thing is easy access. If the length can be any, then the width for easy access should not be more than 1 meter. Optimum width - from 60 cm. Size design - according to your desire (brick, slate, etc. or not to design).

• Crop rotation for your crops

This is one of the most important issues that must be addressed not only in order to plan the garden, but also to get a rich harvest. The sequence of "returning to the same place" is about 4 years. Therefore, we advise you to divide the entire area into 4 sections, and follow all the necessary sequences, according to the crop rotation tables.

• Combined planting crops

Here, in order to correctly plan the site, it is worth knowing which cultures cannot get along side by side, and which ones will even help to grow, forming a “community”. For example, beans and, among agronomists, are called "Three Sisters" because their growth rates are perfectly matched. But, it is worth knowing that not all plants are so “friendly”. Dill and a knowledgeable person will never plant nearby. The same applies to beans and. In order to understand exactly which cultures help, and which ones “scam” each other, see the TABLE:

Culture compatibility table

Interesting tip: garlic can not only help a person to strengthen the immune system, but also allow you to take care of the "immune system" of plants. So, they will be much less sick. To do this, make a useful infusion according to the recipe: cut 5 garlic cloves and pour boiling water over them (1 liter), and then close the lid and let it infuse for about 20 minutes. Immediately after this, in order to prevent any diseases, it is possible to water indoor and garden plants with this infusion.

Planning and planting a garden in 6 acres

Planning a large garden is quite simple, because of the good dimensions. But here on 6 acres you can’t really clear up. But this is not a problem, especially if you take into account a few nuances:

• Garage position;

Do not arrange a garage in the depths of the cottage (house), because it will be necessary to allocate a road (entrance) for the car.

• The garden on the south side will cover the vegetable garden with shade for most of the day;
• Installation of the brazier is best done from the windward side;
• The non-standard shape of the flower beds will allow not only to plan the garden, but also visually expand it;
• A mini-garden located in the barbecue area or gazebos will decorate the perimeter and save space;

To do this, the block is knocked down from the boards, earth is poured and flowers or crops are planted. The bed can be fenced with wattle to limit the beds.

• Drainage systems in the lowlands are simply irreplaceable;

If your site is located on a slope, then the lower part will always contain excess moisture. It is the drainage systems, disguised as special terraces, that will visually and actually make the use of the site more convenient.

These tips will serve as a good lesson, both in planning a simple garden of small sizes, and large plots.

So, adhering to the above measures, you can make the right garden this spring right from a piece of paper, which will bear fruit to your delight.

We wish you to relax on your personal plot and not to believe people who say that work in the countryside turns into torture. Turn your site into a fairy tale right now.

A plan for a garden is like a pattern for sewing a dress. To begin with, we will measure the site or take as a basis the plan issued to you at the BTI. Next, we transfer the site plan on a graph paper sheet at a scale of 1:100, that is, 1 cm on paper will correspond to 1 m of land. The plan should indicate the boundaries of the site, the gate and the gate, the house and other garden buildings (bathhouse, barn, gazebo, etc.), those trees and large shrubs that you decide to leave, hedges, if any, doors and windows of the house. Be sure to put on paper the location of the well, electrical cables, sewer manhole and other necessary things. We will transfer the paths and paved areas to the plan, but only those that we intend to leave. Let's outline the functional zones on the plan. Routes for moving around the garden should connect them with the house and among themselves, as well as provide access to those places from where we will admire the garden.

Preliminary sketch after site survey

Necessary:

• mask a bad view of neighboring buildings from the windows of the house;
• check the views from the windows of the garden, make them especially picturesque;
• find a place for a reservoir and a gazebo near it;
• arrange a small herb garden near the patio;
• plant two apple trees (early and medium ripening).

The house is the dominant element of any site. It sets the style and scale of the garden, for example: if the house is large, the paths cannot be narrow, and the flower beds are small. The garden and the house should look organically together. Trees and shrubs that cover the house when viewed from the gate, as well as decorating its facade with vines, will not only not damage your house, but also make the overall impression of the garden more interesting, and if the house is very modest, this is the only way to ennoble it. Ideally, one should strive to ensure that the house does not stick out like a finger, but is, as it were, dissolved in the landscape, forming a worthy duo of architecture and wildlife. It does not at all follow from this that the house should be small, and it does not have to be one-story, even if the plot is tiny.

But it is important to decorate the corners of the building, this can be done with the help of a tree-shrub group, it is also necessary to cover the basement of the house, the plants should not close the windows of the house, and higher plants can be placed in the piers.

The founder of Muskau Park, the largest English-style landscape park in Central Europe, Hermann von Pückler-Muskau believed that in order for buildings to make a harmonious impression, they should be visually covered with plants by at least a third.

There is another extreme, when the house is completely hidden from view by vegetation. Such a house gives the impression of abandonment, and you don’t want to look there.

The unified color scheme of the house and the space around it contributes to the creation of a particularly integral impression of this part of the garden. The white balusters of the terrace, the blooming jasmine bush, the white border of the leaves of the 'Elegentissima' derain, while the greenish, but soon whitening caps of the hydrangea tree inflorescences - what a harmonious and elegant garden picture, and the plants are the most simple and ordinary.

A large solid house looks very dignified, but does not suppress the space around due to the fact that adult conifers hug it, visually covering a large part. The house and its respectable surroundings do not compete with each other, but make exactly the impression that is required.

You can also fit a house into a garden with the help of plants shaped like palmettes, as well as with the help of vines.

On the plan you need to put everything that you want to add to it. After the plan is sketched out at least approximately, we will try to wander through it. A harmonious garden is a series of successive species. It is very important to control which garden pictures open from the gate, from the front door and windows of the house, from the recreation area, etc.

In the garden, it is not necessary to plant every square centimeter of the area, it is important to ensure the alternation and the correct ratio of open and closed spaces. Open space is what is below human eye level, such as a lawn, paving, pond. Closed space is what is above eye level, these are trees, high hedges, etc. There is a rule: in northern countries, including in central Russia, the ratio of closed and open spaces should be 1: 2 (house area from consideration excluded), that is, the area of ​​open spaces should be approximately twice as large as the area of ​​closed spaces.

In a well-planned garden, you want to take a walk, sit in those places where the most beautiful views open, and see interesting garden plants.

When you start planning a garden with your own hands, you need to correctly measure the size of the area adjacent to the house with the ideas you have. The smaller the size of the plot, the more difficult the layout of the garden, since you will have to take care to perform competent zoning without overloading the territory with excesses. Landscape tricks will come to the rescue here, they are simply irreplaceable when planning a garden. And one of them is planning with a grid.

How to properly plan a garden on a plot (with photo)

Before you properly plan a garden that pleases with proportional proportions and strict cleanliness of lines, you need to carry out functional zoning and thereby make the space suitable and comfortable for your family.

When planning a garden, the design of which is dominated by clear lines is convenient, logical and comfortable, geometric solutions are especially suitable for small areas, in addition, it is a good way to connect the house with the garden. The smaller the garden area, the more concise its plan should be.

Photo gallery

Look at the photo: the layout of the garden using simple geometric shapes such as a circle or a square is typical not only for the classic regular version, it is also suitable for a completely modern garden.

Before you plan the garden on the site, stock up on a scale grid. Its step can be chosen based on the architectural features of the house, if any, often this is the distance between the windows of the house. The size of the grid can vary, but it is always based on the size of the house: if the house is large, then the grid is large, and vice versa. You can take the distance between the fence posts as a step.

A garden plot designed with an unnecessarily fine grid will be overloaded with details. For small gardens up to 6 acres, its size is 2-3 m.

The grid is just a tool, but an extremely important tool, you can try to create a harmonious and logical garden design with it, it will tell you where to start designing.

Garden layout views using a scale grid

There are three types of grid layouts. The most common is the rectangular version, it is the most obvious, often very simple, sometimes almost primitive, but extremely functional.

The grid in the rectangular variant always starts from the facade of the house, in this variant all the lines of the garden (paths, borders of flower beds, paving, lawns) are parallel or perpendicular to the facade of the house.

Photo gallery

Pay attention to the photo on how to plan a garden using diagonal lines: this type of layout not only allows you to come up with original design solutions, but also helps to visually enlarge the garden space, how to push its boundaries, because the diagonal is always larger than the side of the rectangle. In this case, the garden lines are also straight, but at a 45° angle to the front of the house. Plans made using diagonals bring lightness and dynamics to the design of the garden, they are always interesting.

The third option for garden planning is circular, designing a garden with circles is not easy, but the result is impressive, so it's worth trying.

When designing your own garden, I advise you not to be too lazy to make all three possible options and even their combinations, and then choose the most impressive one.

If you are thinking about how to plan a garden, but absolutely do not accept straight lines, then by designing a garden using a grid, you can easily make them smooth by rounding the corners.

The form is the most important part of any object, information about color, texture, size is secondary in relation to the form. Any design work should begin with the choice of form. Of all the existing forms, the circle and the ball are closest to man, because such forms are created by nature itself - remember, for example, an apple, the sun, the full moon, the wheel and the millstone have long been known and familiar. The circle symbolizes enlightenment, perfection, the yin-yang symbols are also enclosed in a circle.

The round shape is suitable for decorating any garden element - a lawn, a paved area, a flower arrangement, a pond. If the recreation area or lawn is given the shape of a circle, and the paths are designed in the form of smooth lines, which are parts of circles of various diameters, such a garden looks spacious and comfortable.

A round-shaped playground looks great against the background of a round lawn, it is paved with rectangular clinker bricks in a circle, which once again emphasizes its shape. The circle as an element of garden design creates intimacy and privacy so necessary in this place. By the way, there is also a round umbrella, which not only protects the owners of the garden and their guests from the sun, but also repeats the shape of a paved area. Paving is not the only option for covering a recreation area; wooden round flooring, slightly raised above the ground, is also very good.

In a modern garden, pergolas are widely used, most often their pillars are located in a straight line, but this is not the only possible option, pergolas look interesting, the bases of the pillars of which are located in a circle.

A circle is the ideal shape for a lawn. It is this geometric figure that organizes the effect of space even in a small area. The dense surroundings of shrubs and herbaceous perennials create the ideal conditions for privacy in such a garden.

Garden layout: landscape design tricks

If you are designing a garden using geometric lines and shapes, they should be clearly read not only on the plan, but also when taking it out to nature, everything must be verified to the centimeter, even a slight negligence in this case is absolutely inappropriate.

For a proper garden layout, a combination of the two options is often used. For example, in the case of a rectangular pond with quarter-circle cutouts at the corners, this is a combination of rectangular and circular options. Spectacular cutouts are emphasized by sheared "hemispheres" of shrubs. In our climatic zone, they can be made from Thunberg's barberry, Japanese spirea, brilliant cotoneaster, Schmidt's alpine currant, snowberry, western spherical thuja is good for this purpose, for example, the Globosa variety. One of the corners of the reservoir is almost adjoined by a recreation area in the form of a circle with a round table with chairs in the middle.

Another illustration to the theme of a successful combination of rectangular and circular layout. The paved platform is in the form of a rectangle combined with a semicircle adjoining it. It is adjoined by a pond, consisting of two symmetrical parts, each also using straight lines and a quarter of a circle. The "roundness" of the composition is emphasized by boxwood balls in ceramic pots, in our climate the same effect can be achieved by trimming the dwarf Japanese spirea of ​​the Little Princes variety, whose leaves are as small as boxwood leaves.

Whether we realize it or not, our eye picks out geometric shapes in the garden, they are good for harmonizing space, the repetition of such elements allows us to make any design more stylish and calm.

Nowadays, an increasing number of people are resorting to growing vegetables in and on summer cottages.

After all, only if we have received crops from our beds, we can have no doubts about the quality of the cultivated greens, root and vegetable crops.

And the cost of purchased vegetables is quite high, especially in winter.

The layout of the orchard begins with preparatory work.

In order for all vegetation to grow comfortably, it must be taken into account that the most successful places are suitable for it according to its preferences for soil and lighting. Then you need to analyze in detail the entire site, this will help to rationally place the objects of landscape style, it includes both completed constructions and plantings, as well as future ones.

Drawing in your mind a picture of your future site, you need to create a draft project and not miss a single subtlety. It is recommended to immediately measure the dimensions of the site, which is planned for fruit vegetation, estimating 4 square meters per tree. sites, and this is minimal.

It is better to choose a flat or slightly sloping area for the garden. You should choose a place for the garden, located from the south, and in the absence of such an opportunity, you need to choose another, most importantly sunny and not particularly shaded. It is required to analyze the land, for trees in comfortable fertile soils with normal acidity (chernozem or sandy loam).

You should also take into account the depth of groundwater, because this can adversely affect the root system of vegetation. You can make a list of the names of crops that you would like to grow in the yard, study in detail the conditions for their growth to find out if they get along. Plan the number of ridges, think about whether you need someone's help or is it feasible to cope with the landings on your own.

Distribution of garden plantings into separate zones

On a blank sheet of your gardener's diary, you need to sketch out the assumption of the garden. It can be front, side or back relative to the house, only trees and shrubs should grow from the north side to the south for better lighting and mean three parts.

The location of the zones should go one after the other or be divided into three divided territories, which will be located at different ends of the common area of ​​the site:

• First. Compatibility of fruit trees and shrubs in this variation of zoning. In the first zone we lay a garden, its vegetation will not obscure the representatives of the second part, and in the mornings it will be endowed with its share of the sun.
• In the next zone, it is more successful to place berries, their height does not exceed 1.5 meters. The shadow emanating from the bushes in the morning will not interfere with the vegetation of the third part.
• In the part of the third order, we plant fruit. From the previous one, it should be in the interval of about 3 m, so that there is no threat of their shading.

In the diary, you can record the names and the main nature of the fruit and berry vegetation, and on a schematic plan indicate their location in the garden with numbers.

Berry layout

When breaking up a berry bush on a plot, one should schematically take into account the characteristics of the vegetation. Blackcurrant grows normally surrounded by the rest of the vegetation, and sea buckthorn and viburnum do not get along with their neighbors, therefore, they are planted separately. Sea buckthorn bushes can perfectly replace a green fence, and viburnum, hawthorn will decorate the landscape in a leisure corner.

Some gardeners prefer to place berries around the perimeter of the site. In this form, part of the territory is freed up for other crops or for leisure areas, sports activities, etc. This layout is suitable if the land is not fenced with a green fence, or the bushes with berries themselves will enclose the site with their location.

The thickening of the berry plantings is especially important. After all, it acts as a regulator of natural origin for the optimal development of vegetation, its strength to diseases and the formation of the crop:

• Raspberries are seated in tight rows, at intervals of half a meter from each other and at intervals of a meter and a half in rows. Raspberry vegetation, growing, fills the aisles, the former aisles are freed from overgrowth and serve as non-permanent paths. They change the places of crops by cutting off the shoots, returning, after three years, to the former site of growth.
• Yoshta and black currant are planted at intervals of at least one and a half meters, and red at meter intervals. Large bushy vegetation will shade each other, the spines of some varietal gooseberry species will completely block access to the fruits.

In the case of using honeysuckle and shadberry, like a green fence, the bushes are planted at intervals of a meter and a half, it can be even thicker, and in the berry bush at intervals of up to 2 meters.

The number of one or another berry vegetation is especially important. It is good to think ahead and schematically plan the number of each species and varietal type so that it is possible to please the family with fresh harvests of berries in the summer and to close jars of fragrant jam for winter storage.

A well-planned berry plot grows normally and bears fruit for about 11 years, and in the future it should be gradually rejuvenated or the plants transferred to another territory. Pruning fruit trees and crown formation is also an important activity. To do this, you need to know the characteristics of varietal species of fruit trees.

Setting up an orchard

On the next page of the diary, we draw a diagram with the placement of fruit crops, allocating conditionally 4 sq. m. for each copy. from the common area. No need to thicken the landings. Plants will grow and become a hindrance to each other.

Let the landing pits be located in a row at intervals of four meters. We pay attention to the types of cultivated vegetation. Currently, a large number of farms are switching to the formats of apple and pear trees in the form of columns - the fundamental horticultural vegetation in the household plot.

In terms of dimensions, these species are smaller, and yields are equal to high cultivated vegetation. For these types and care is easier, they are resistant to ailments, the most resistant in cold weather. Early, middle and late varietal species should grow in order to be able to enjoy fresh delicacies all season and so that it is possible to process and store grown fruits for the winter.

Of the garden cultivated vegetation, two sweet cherries (early and late) are quite enough. Instead of its average varietal species, it is more successful to plant two cherries.

They give out crops after early cherries. Let there be one quince (later it will be possible to graft a different species or other varietal types on it), two or three plums, including marabelle. A couple of apricots are enough, which are frost-resistant varietal species. Three apple trees, in the future, through grafting, they can be turned into 6 or 8 varietal species of different ripening periods. It is necessary to save a place for new representatives of vegetation.

In order for the garden to please with an abundance of harvests for a long period and not to fall ill, it is necessary to use zoned varietal species. They are more resistant to diseases, harmful insects, changes in weather conditions, the fruiting period is longer.

You can get acquainted with varietal species and subspecies for the region and their characters in the special literature. When purchasing seedlings, you should contact the experts. A garden filled with low-quality vegetation will add work and trouble, but will not please you with the quality and quantity of fruits.

How to build beautiful ridges and correctly place them in your garden

Formats

They can be all kinds, only the dimensions of the site can limit their size. Ridges can be built straight or of various geometries, or curly. You can provide a fence, or you can do without it, in height they can be low or high.

High ridges are now more in demand. Of these, the most successful are those that reach a height of 40 cm. Reasons:

• These beds are warm. On the lower layer of materials that are rapidly composted (branches, rags, paper, cardboard), a layer of materials is laid, they are composted more slowly (leaves, weeds, paper waste). Then it should be spilled with water, and covered with soil. In the process of decay, the ridge will begin to emit heat, and the crops will ripen more actively.
• The sun's rays warm the soil more actively. But irrigation also needs to be done more often.
• If you want to protect your upcoming crop from moles and mice, you should place a plaster mesh under the lower layer.
• Such ridges do not need to be dug. After all, they are not dug, but made.
• It is possible to harvest twice a season. You can also have time to grow, for example, lettuce, before planting the main crop.

Dimension

As usual, the ridges are from half a meter to a meter wide. These dimensions are successful in processing, because care is simplified. And the length can not be limited. According to the Mitlider method, it is proposed to build completely narrow ridges of 45 cm, and the passages, on the contrary, are wider at 90 cm, while the length of the ridges should not exceed 9 meters. Gardeners using this technique speak positively about it.

The vegetation is well ventilated. With its growth, accessibility to it remains especially comfortable, and the main thing is that it receives more solar energy, and even in the cloudy summer season, the fruits ripen perfectly. Yields in this variation increase.

In the ridges arranged by this species, you can plant a variety of crops: tomato, cucumber, pepper, etc.

Location

As usual, the ridges are arranged from the south side in a northerly direction. This allows all vegetation to warm up evenly. And in the morning and evening, when the sun's rays illuminate the ridges from the sidewalls, they do not particularly shade each other. It happens that the site is endowed with a slope. How to properly arrange the ridges in this version?

It is more successful to place them across the slope, then the moisture will be evenly distributed. It happens that the site is completely uneven, in which case it is advised to place the ridges on a slope on the south side, and garden vegetation from the north direction.

layout

For her literacy, you need to consider:

• The yield of one or another varietal type of vegetables per square meter. After all, then it will be possible to calculate the required landing site for each species.
• Vegetation compatibility. Without it, it will not be possible to fulfill the plan qualitatively.
• If the site is too sloping, it is necessary to build terraces and place ridge boxes on them.
• Plan the planting of crops so that the taller vegetation is on the north side of the site. So lower species will not grow in shading.

Common missteps of a novice gardener:

• Overly thickened plantings: it is necessary to provide seedlings with thinning in due time, because if the vegetation is crowded, this will not favorably affect its growth, yields and resistance to harmful insects and ailments. Gaps between rows and vegetation in a row (planting patterns) are provided for each of the crops separately.
• The lack of work on the elimination of weeds in time will lead to a decline in the yield and its quality. Because weed grass, already resistant and actively growing, deprives a significant proportion of the nutritional components of the crop.
• Vegetable ridges in shading: negatively affects the quality of vegetation, some crops accumulate nitrate-containing components, growing in shading. Let the light on the ridges in the garden be present for at least 6 hours daily. In particular, vegetation uses the light of the afternoon. So, it’s lucky if at this time they are not in the shade.
• Overdose of dressings: overfed vegetable vegetation is much more prone to ailments. Excessive feeding with nitrogenous additives leads to fattening of the culture, as a result, fruiting suffers and nitrates accumulate in vegetables. It is imperative that strict adherence to the terms and norms of adding dressings is necessary, taking into account the preferences of the culture.
• Sowing seeds too early: sowing seeds in unheated soil destroys germination. Each vegetation has its own periods, this also applies to planting. If the spring period turned out to be cool and wet, it is better to postpone sowing for a week and expect friendly shoots a little later.
• Illiterate selection of vegetable representatives: warm-loving, capricious vegetables (

If desired, even in a small area, you can organically place both the garden and the buildings and leave room for a beautiful gazebo or recreation area, the main thing is to approach this issue competently and thoughtfully. Such a landscape design technique as planning will help to realize the plan.

Garden and vegetable garden planning: preparatory stage

In order for all plants in the garden to feel comfortable, it is necessary to choose the most suitable places for them according to their preferences for soil and light. After that, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the site, which will help to rationally arrange landscape design objects, which are both finished buildings and current plantings, as well as planned ones.

• Your imagination has probably drawn a picture of a future orchard, mixborder or lawn. Guided by your inner feelings, make a rough sketch without losing sight of a single detail.
• Measure the area planned for fruit and berry crops. Please note that for each tree with spreading crowns, at least 4 square meters must be allocated. area.
• Choose predominantly flat or slightly sloping terrain for the orchard.
• For a garden, look for a place located on the south side, if this is not possible, choose another, but sunny and moderately shady.
• Conduct a soil analysis, for trees, select an area with fertile soils of acceptable acidity (chernozem, sandy loam). Also pay attention to the proximity of groundwater, as this can adversely affect the roots of plants.
• Make a list of crops that you want to see in your yard, study the features of their life activity to understand whether they will take root there.
• Plan the number of beds, consider whether you can handle the planting yourself, or if you have to call someone for help.

Creating a schema and choosing a planning model

Drawing up a diagram is a very important point, thanks to it, you do not have to constantly measure the distances between objects and take into account all the nuances of the distributed territory.

• Start designing the site from the house or square on which it will be erected. Using paper or a computer program, make a plan of the area, draw the outlines of all buildings on it, and also mark the points where trees already grow, indicating the dimensions.
• Using the measurements taken earlier, draw the outlines of the garden on the drawing, taking into account the distance from the boundaries of the allotment. If you want to create a composition of several types of trees, bushes and flowers, clearly indicate the size and distance between them.
• It is most convenient to make a color sketch, so it will be easier and faster for you to navigate the project.

Garden layout: examples of models

There are generally accepted landing patterns, the use of which will greatly simplify your task and help you correctly manage the territory.

• Decorative model. It involves the creation of compositions from decorative bushes, flowers and trees. Most often it has the shape of a circle: tall plants are planted in the center, and the edging is made of strawberries, raspberries or currants. Fruit trees are planted in the background.
• Rectangular. In this option, the garden and the garden are laid at the same time. Plants are planted in rows: first vegetables, then raspberry bushes, gooseberries, currants (at your discretion). At the end, the site is planted with fruit trees.
• Arbitrary model. The decisive factor in this case is the size of the allotment. Although, even on 6 acres, it will not be difficult for a person with a developed imagination to create a full-fledged plant world.

Do-it-yourself garden and vegetable garden planning: fresh ideas

You will not surprise anyone with vertical or pyramidal beds, gardens on the slopes or parterre lawns. We offer several new ideas with which your cottage will become even more beautiful.

decorative vegetable garden

Usually, the beds after harvesting are empty already in the second half of summer, making everything around gray and dull. An ornamental garden is a great solution to this problem. If you turn on your imagination and plan your landings wisely, soon the cottage will be transformed beyond recognition.

To make the garden look more attractive, you can give the beds non-standard shapes: ornaments from squares, circles, intersecting lines. Mini-beds will ideally fit into the garden style if you create a background of perennials of suitable colors. A border of boxwood, bush aster, lavender, parsley, undersized basil, or other crops will help separate vegetable plantings from other plantings. The entrance area will be decorated with an arch entwined with roses, clematis, lianas. Weaving from willow or walnut twigs will serve as a fence.

When planning an assortment of vegetables, combine varieties with different growing seasons. First, sow early crops (radishes, lettuces), plant plants between them that will replace them (zucchini, squash, peppers). Give preference to bush varieties, so it will be easier to care for the beds. Do not forget about the flowers: mallows, marigolds, calendula will not only be a bright decoration, but will also last until the frost.

dream garden

Wherever the backyard garden is located, the layout is not only about proper placement. It is equally important to harmoniously combine the beds with lawns, front gardens, paths and other elements of landscape design, without which a suburban area cannot exist, into a single composition.

If you put on a small one, but you want to place several objects, you can make a multifunctional building, for example, instead of a separate gazebo, attach a terrace to a garden house. It is also best to combine flower beds and vegetable beds using parterre lawns.

Cover a boring view of a fence or an unattractive structure with decorative landscaping from trees with a dense crown or a trellis entwined with lianas. And landscapes that are pleasant to the eye, on the contrary, are highlighted with decorative frames.

Think over the routes: those that will be used more often, make them as convenient as possible for movement, and winding and winding areas for walking. Draw the outlines of the tracks on the diagram.

When planning a garden, do not forget about view positions. It is especially pleasant to watch the picturesque landscapes from the windows of the house, being in the gazebo or sitting on a bench. Therefore, plant beautifully flowering large plants, as well as fragrant herbs and flowers in places of rest.

Layout of the garden and vegetable garden photo of originally designed plots

Gardeners and designers come up with more and more options for designing a summer cottage. Take a look, you might like something.

• A country house looks festive and lively if you decorate its facade and the surrounding area with beautifully flowering decorative deciduous trees, lianas, and columnar conifers. In the middle of rounded flower beds, spherical or weeping trees look spectacular.
• A rustic romantic garden looks simple and beautiful. The idea lies in natural compositions and unpretentious plants.
• A clearly structured garden area, consisting of many rectangular beds framed by boxwood borders, looks equally expressive in summer and winter.

Outcome

The layout of the backyard allows you to work out the overall picture of the garden or vegetable garden on paper so that the lines of compositions, lawns, fruit and berry plantations form a harmonious pattern.