The device of wells and requirements for their placement. Operational requirements for the working part of the well

Since sewer systems have been created and used for thousands of years, the technology of their equipment has been worked out to the smallest detail. This article describes correct device sewer well, as prescribed building codes.

Here, the locations and types of wells, their sizes and the requirements for these structures are regulated.

In the case of private households with local treatment facilities(septic tank) in the area between the release internal sewerage from the building and the receiving chamber of the device must be equipped with a manhole. Also, one of the options for disposing of wastewater after a septic tank is this.

An observation well is also provided before the entrance of the local sewer system into the intra-quarter network or the central collector, outside the red development line (a conditional border separating the territory for the placement of buildings from streets, driveways, etc.).

Important information! According to SNiP, sewer wells (inspection) with a pipe size external sewerage up to 150 mm should be arranged after 35 m, at 200 - after 50 m on straight sections of pipelines, as well as:

• When turning the system
• When changing pipe diameter or slope
• At branch entry points

The requirements for sewer wells and their components are set out: for reinforced concrete products - in GOST 2080-90, for polymer wells - in GOST-R No. 0260760.

For plastic devices many manufacturers also develop their own specifications ( specifications).

stone wells for sewerage can be made from prefabricated and monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete, bricks, and filtering wells - and from rubble stone.

Doing construction sewer wells from polymers, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), or polyethylene (PE) are used.

In addition, some models are made by combining some of the listed materials.

The dimensions that sewer wells should have SNiP denotes in the following way:

• On pipelines with a diameter of up to 150 mm - at least 70 mm
• Up to 600 mm - 1000 mm
• 700 mm - 1250 mm
• 800-1000 mm - 1500 mm
• 1200 and more -2000 mm
• Not less than 1500 mm for any diameter and depth of 3 m and above

At the same time, the volume of the sewer well is not separately regulated, but, based on the given depth and diameter, it is not difficult to calculate it.

Any construction of sewer wells begins with earthworks- excerpts of the pit and trench. Before this, the complex preparatory work.

It includes:

• Breakdown (marking) of the territory where the well will be located
• Demolition of trees, shrubs, other vegetation at the work site
• Demolition / relocation of buildings that interfere with construction
• Arrangement of a temporary road/exit to the construction site

When constructing a pit for sewer wells standard project provides next order works:

• Held his excerpt
• The bottom is being cleaned
• The level of laying and the angles of slopes of the walls are checked against the project
• For stone structures: device at the bottom of the waterproofing (usually with bituminous mastic) with a layer of 20 cm, with a dense compaction

stone wells

After that, for a concrete or reinforced concrete well, following works:

• Foundation preparation. Laying a slab or placing a concrete pad 100 mm thick from concrete M-50
• Arrangement of a tray of the desired shape made of M-100 concrete with steel mesh reinforcement
• Concrete and bitumen sealing of pipe ends
• bitumen insulation inner surface concrete rings
• Rings of sewer wells are installed (carried out after the curing of the concrete of the tray, 2-3 days after laying) and the floor slab on the M-50 solution
• Grout cement mortar seams between the prefabricated parts of the well
• Waterproofing joints with bitumen
• Tray finish cement plaster, followed by ironing
• Device at pipe entry points clay castle 300 mm wide and 600 mm higher than the outer diameter of the pipes
• Well testing (carried out during the day by filling with water up to top edge, with the installation of temporary plugs on the pipes). Considered successful if no visible leaks are found
• External backfilling of the walls of the well, followed by tamping
• Device concrete blind area 1.5 m wide around the mouth of the well
• Insulation of all remaining joints with hot bitumen

Similarly, the construction of sewer wells made of bricks is carried out, but here, instead of installing prefabricated elements, masonry.

Waterproofing is done in exactly the same way.

Thus, the installation of wells made of stone materials is carried out for all types of sewerage: domestic, storm or drainage.

However, in the case of a storm well, lattice hatches can be installed on the well, which simultaneously perform the function of a catchment area.

For drainage - the well itself can be an element of water disposal, through special holes in the walls, but this design requires a special calculation.

At the same time, there are slight differences in the components that the series defines: sewer wells KFK and KDK - for domestic wastewater, KLV and KLK - for storm water, KDV and KDN - for drainage.

The table of sewer wells by standard sizes is as follows:

The process for differential wells looks a little more complicated due to their more complex configuration.

Here, depending on the specific design, in addition to the tray device, in some cases it is necessary:

• Riser installation
• Water breaking equipment
• Installation of a water barrier wall
• Create a practice profile
• Pit device

The very installation of the body of the mine, base and ceiling is carried out according to the same rules.

The only exception concerns a drop well with a riser - at its base it is supposed to lay a metal plate that prevents the destruction of the concrete part of the structure.

It looks like this:

1. Riser
2. water cushion
3. Metal plate at the base of the pillow
4. Riser intake funnel

The intake funnel is designed to compensate for the vacuum that can be created in the riser due to rapid movement. Wastewater.

It is necessary to create differential sewer wells with your own hands using a practical profile only in exceptional cases - similar design It is provided for pipelines with a diameter of 600 mm and a drop height of up to 3 m.

Similar pipe diameters in individual systems sewers are not used. But other types of wells can be used in local sewage with success.

In accordance with the requirements of SNiP, sewer overflow wells are installed:

• If necessary, reduce the depth of the pipeline
• At intersections with other underground utilities
• For flow control
• In the last flooded well before the discharge of waste into the reservoir

Typical cases when the overflow well device on suburban area expedient:

The meaning of such a drop is that due to the creation of a large slope in a short section of the system, the drains begin to move much faster, not having time to cling to the inner walls of the pipe.

The device of pipeline entrances to wells

Depending on the specific soil conditions, the entry of pipes into the well can be performed in different ways.

For dry soil, it is easier to perform. Only two types of materials are used here: cement, indicated in the figure by the number 1, and asbestos-cement mixture, indicated by the number 2.

For wet soil, a resin strand 3 and a waterproofing layer 4 are also added to these materials.

Both methods are designed for non-sagging soils.

In regions where soil movements are possible, the connection is made movable, using a pipe winding with a plastic waterproofing packing.

Sometimes a metal sleeve is inserted into the hole in the hatch wall, and the packing is already arranged inside it.

Plastic wells - a modern alternative

A reasonable and practical replacement for stone viewing chambers are polymer counterparts.

Moreover, plastic wells can significantly reduce the amount of excavation, the construction of sewer wells made of these materials speeds up and simplifies the process of installing drainage systems.

There are rumors about the compressive strength of plastic wells - but they are not confirmed by the facts. This is especially true of the simplest wells for intra-yard networks.

As a rule, there are no such loads that are able to damage the plastic.

Among other things, a concrete well with a diameter of a meter can replace a plastic well, starting from 30 cm in diameter, despite the fact that, despite the difference in size, the maintenance of sewer wells made of polymers will be even simpler than their giant concrete counterparts.

After all, they are produced with releases that clearly comply with the standards of pipes from any material - plastic, cement, asbestos.

Therefore, immediately after installation, such shafts can be connected to any within minutes. If they are used plastic pipes– then the process will be even faster.

Therefore, before building a sewer well, it is worth weighing the pros and cons, the seeming cheapness of some solutions is deceptive. For a private area where one, two, maximum three wells are equipped, it will be much cheaper to make plastic wells than to try to save money by using concrete rings. The enormous weight and the need to order heavy equipment will nullify the seeming cheapness of old solutions. And the modest diameter of the plastic well, the speed of installation are not the last arguments.

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Regulations are very difficult to master, especially for non-professionals. To understand all the requirements for engineering networks, you need to spend a lot of time processing a large amount of material. It is also quite problematic to find exactly the information you need on the web: often the search results turn out to be completely different from what they should be.

This article will describe all the information that relates to sewer systems, the main types of sewer wells, their parameters and requirements for structures will be considered.

Sewer systems of private houses

In the arrangement of suburban areas are often used autonomous systems sewers, which are distinguished by the presence of a large number positive qualities. Some systems are more cost effective than using a central manifold, while others are the only possible solution sewer problems.

For normal operation outdoor sewerage and ensure quality service the design of the system must be arranged in accordance with the norms and rules displayed in the relevant documents.

The installation scheme of the sewer system and its operation largely depend on factors, which include:

• topographic indicators of the selected territory;
• types of soils located on the site;
• the presence of water sources near the site;
• layout of engineering underground networks that are already present on the territory.

The sewerage device can be quite simple: simplest design consists of a single piece of pipeline that transports wastewater to a pit or septic tank located outside the building. You need to know how far from the house to make a septic tank. The simplest septic tank can be made from car tires stacked vertically on top of each other: the effluents will still be filtered, and the solid fractions will be periodically pumped out by the sewage machine. This design is well suited for installation in suburban or small urban areas. In order for the sewer to work normally, it is enough for it to provide a constant slope and periodically pump out.

It is much more difficult to arrange a sewer system in a site that has a difficult terrain, or where a source is located. drinking water. In this case, the sewage system must comply with the sanitary requirements that apply to septic tanks or waste storage tanks. In addition, the device of the system can be complicated by connecting to it drainage system and storm drainage. See also: "".

This design consists of several separate pipelines, so it will require a large number of wells. To ensure the operability of the system, you need to either contact the specialists, or carefully study all the nuances associated with the sewerage requirements.

Types of sewer wells

The main document that defines design features sewer elements and the distance between sewer wells - SNiP 2.04.03-85 “Sewerage. External networks and structures”. The document contains a large number of requirements, but there is no need for owners of private houses to study them all - it is enough to deal with the problem of local drainage (read also: ""). The main thing you need to know is that any sewer system requires intermediate wells, and they will be installed depending on various factors.

Distance between manholes according to SNiP

Manholes should be installed in such situations:

• in the presence of an extended pipeline running in a straight line;
• if there are turns or bends in the pipeline, as well as when the diameter of the pipes changes;
• in the presence of branches of the structure.

The function of manholes for sewers is to monitor the system and the ability to gain access to its interior for maintenance.

Determines the distance between the SNiP sewer wells, and according to it, the following rules must be followed:

• with a pipe diameter of 150 mm, wells are installed every 35 meters;
• 200-450 mm - 50 m;
• 500-600 mm - 75 m.

A further increase in the diameter of the pipes allows you to increase maximum distance even more between sewer wells. However, the likelihood of such a design appearing in a summer cottage is extremely small, because the volume of effluents produced by 3-4 people does not require wide pipes. Use of pipes large sizes can be justified if absolutely all sewage passes through the sewer: precipitation, bath water, and direct waste from a residential building.

As a rule, when arranging private sewer systems, pipes with a diameter of 100 mm are used. When using them, the distance between sewer wells is defined by SNiP as 15 m. In the event that the sewer does not have bends, branches, and the diameter of the pipeline does not change throughout its length, then the distance can be increased to 50 m.

Rotary wells for sewerage

This type wells in its purpose and design is absolutely identical to the inspection ones, with the only difference that rotary wells are mounted in places where the direction of the pipeline changes. Sharp bends with large angles of rotation are usually the areas most likely to become clogged, so they need to be given Special attention. It is this function that rotary wells perform.

The distance between the rotary sewer wells is usually calculated based on the length of the straight sections between the bends of the pipeline. If the pipeline section is longer than specified by the regulatory document, then it must be equipped with inspection wells to ensure a sufficient level of control over the operation of the system.

Drop wells

Installation of sewerage on a site with difficult terrain is a rather troublesome business. If the territory has a noticeable slope, then the slope of the pipeline will also be appropriate, which is absolutely impossible to allow: wastewater moving from high speed, will gradually settle on the walls of the sewer system, thereby clogging it and rendering it unusable.

Regulatory documents in this case speak of the need to install differential wells, which are installed in steps and compensate for the high speed of waste transportation, saving the structure from blockages (more: "").

In this case, SNiP does not determine the specific distance between sewerage wells, but imposes some design requirements:

• firstly, the height of one drop must be less than three meters;
• secondly, with drops up to 0.5 m deep (when using pipes with a diameter of up to 600 mm) drop wells can be replaced by viewing ones using drains.

You should always remember that any sewer system ends with a spillway point, in which the final well is necessarily located, requiring an inspection hatch.

Other regulations

In addition to the standards described above, which are often a problem for owners of private plots due to their inaccessibility, there are others that must also be followed in order to avoid problems with the functioning of the sewer in the future. For example, minimum distance from the sewer well to the building should be 3 m, and the maximum - 12 m, regardless of the type of well used. The distance from the house to the sewer well is quite important indicator which must be observed. It is important to consider the distance from the cesspool to the well. In addition, it is important to always remember the existence sanitary norms, which determine the removal of elements of sewer systems from reservoirs, water sources, vegetable gardens and orchards.

Conclusion

Installation of a sewer system on own site is not a big problem. All installation work related to laying pipelines and arranging sewer facilities are quite simple, and any homeowner can do them (read also: ""). About all types of work, you can find other articles on this site, and then everything will become very clear.

There are open and closed type. They are used for the purpose of separating sewage effluents, with the help of which heavy fractions and large debris are separated from water. These facilities open type- This is a tank that is assembled from perforated concrete blocks. In them, the liquid goes independently into the ground through special holes. Heavy fractions remain in the mine and are removed using special equipment for further disposal.

Closed-type plants are a special hermetic container that has technological outlets located on different height. When sewage enters the mine, floating particles are discharged through the upper channels, and sediment layers are discharged through the lower channels.

It is necessary to install the structure in a place where groundwater occurs below the level of the station bottom. Additionally, a crushed stone pillow of 0.5 m is poured. The base should rise above the soil at 1 m.

Conclusion

Before you start equipping a sewage network, be sure to read all the provisions of SNiP, start planning, marking, and then choosing the mine that suits you. You will definitely need an estimate for the installation of a sewer well in order to correctly calculate in advance all the costs for arranging the entire backbone network.

Cable wells are actively used in almost any building. There are systems for power supply and communication cable ducts.

With the help of devices for cable installation, repair work and maintenance of electricity and communication networks can be carried out without opening underground channels. Various materials are chosen for the production of wells, but if reinforced concrete is preferred, the product will last a long time, since this material is characterized by inertness, high strength and durability.

Design features

Communication cable wells have great importance for the comfort level of the building. They are made of plastic or other materials. You can carry out KKS with your own hands and quite quickly. However, since power supply issues require close attention, it is important to act during installation strictly according to the instructions.

Arrangement of a cable well (video)

Requirements for cable systems and their construction

Cable wells should be built taking into account a number of rules, technical requirements and norms. One of the main requirements for the system power cables- reliability and long service life. Sewerage can be constantly expanded and improved, and defects, thanks to the flexibility and special structure of the cables, are quickly eliminated.

During the construction of a cable sewer well, it is worth protecting it from:

• electrochemical corrosion;
• mechanical damage arising from squeezing or shifting of the soil;
• exposure too high or low temperatures;
• penetration into the well of gas or water.

It is equally important to choose right place for cable ducts. It should be an impassable part with good coverage. Crossing the location of the KKS with rails and street roads is prohibited.

The main types of cable wells

Plastic cable manholes are used for installing, pulling, repairing and testing communication cables. Installation of wells is carried out in non-aggressive soils in relation to concrete.

The main types of cable communication wells are KKS-2 and KKS-5. They have an octahedral shape and include two halves - the upper one, which has top floor and half of the side walls, the lower half of the side walls and the bottom. Also, cable wells in their overlap have a hole equipped with an entrance hatch.

A variety of KKS-1 is used for installation on the carriageway and roads or for installation on footpaths. At the same time, it is important that the force of the footpaths be 10 tons, and the carriageway - 80 tons.

On the market are also cable systems shallow recess. They can be located on sidewalks, lawns and under the road. Unlike other types of wells, the coupling in shallow penetration devices is assembled outside, and not in the mine. Then it, along with the cables, is lowered to the well bottom. There are no seams on the presented design, so the impact ground water will not harm the system. In this regard, the period of use of the shallow penetration system is much longer.

Regardless of the type, all communication wells are made of M200 concrete. They are designed to withstand the load of the roadway. There is a reinforced ring at the top of the well. At the bottom there is a special pit for water drainage. Another of the elements of the well is worth noting ruffs that allow fixing brackets for equipment and cables, and earrings used to fix the unit during the cable.

The main advantages of communication wells

All KKS are divided into light and heavy systems. The light ones are placed under the pedestrian zone, the heavy ones - under the roadway. Manufacture of communication wells from polyethylene high density, and covers for the device are made of cast iron, concrete or HDPE. Without exception, cable systems have the following advantages:

• resistance to low temperatures;
• tightness of the structure;
• possibility of installation in difficult conditions;
• excellent strength;
• light weight;
• long service life;
• ease of installation, storage and transportation;
• the ability to connect the model to the sewer of a free configuration.

How is the installation

Installation of a cable well takes place in several stages:

1. First, the pit is prepared. It should exceed the dimensions of the well by about 200 mm.
2. Next, a concrete pillow is made. Its dimensions depend on the dimensions of the cable well. If the groundwater level is higher than the bottom of the well, the bulk soil should be carefully compacted. At the end, an anchor is made of concrete, which will prevent the well from floating up. The anchor is produced using a formwork with a round or rectangular section. In the case of installing a well where transport passes, a 200-mm reinforced slab, which will make it possible to evenly distribute the load.
3. Installation of the well itself It is carried out using special equipment, but it can also be done manually. The structure is attached to anchor bolts, cables.
4. Conducting backfilling. The backfill is a mixture made of sand and cement in a ratio of 1/5. It should be carefully compacted every 20 cm.

The connection to the conduit system can be made various methods:

• using a slip-on coupling with sealing rings;
• with the help of a compression coupling;
• using a sliding sleeve with sealing rings.

Communication wells are actively used in buildings different kind. They reliably protect cables from damage and serve as long time. Wells of the specified type are made from various materials, but plastic is most often used. Devices should be built according to a number of technical standards and rules. If use quality materials, do not violate the technology and choose the right place, the communication well will serve the house for a long period of time.

Installation of a cable well (video)

Today, few people want to live in a country house or in country house, in which there are absolutely no amenities, even elementary ones. The sewer does country life much more comfortable and pleasant, and also safer, because in case of improper organization cesspool possible contamination of plants and groundwater. In this article, we will look at how device sewer well from concrete rings or plastic containers.

Even before the start of work, of course, a scheme of the sewer well and the entire sewer system must be drawn up, moreover, the device must be carried out taking into account the norms of SNiP. Only if this condition is met can all errors be avoided. And then the sewer will serve you long years without a single problem.

Types of wells

At the first stages of planning, the following activities are carried out:

• The location must be determined drain well. For this, a site located below the level of residential buildings and at a sufficient distance from the house is suitable.
• Then you need to select the point where sewage pipe, going downhill, will come out of your house.
• Now a drawing of a sewer well on a scale is being drawn up. This drawing shows the dimensions of the pipes. In addition, the number of connections must be counted. The quality of the entire sewer system will largely depend on the accuracy of the measurements.
• After the sewer well scheme is ready, you can calculate the amount of materials needed.

To begin with, consider what types of sewer wells exist. This will determine which structures will include the sewer system of the site. It may include the following types wells:

• Lookout, which is necessary to control the system.
• Differential, which is required in places with a strong drop in pipes.
• Swivel, which is placed in the places where the pipes turn to avoid blockages.
• Filtration, necessary for wastewater treatment.
• Accumulative - for accumulation of drains.

Advice! Often, one structure can perform several functions at once.

If you look at the section of the sewer well, then it will usually include elements such as a working chamber, a neck and a hatch. In addition, a tray device should be provided to ensure more convenient maintenance of the system.

If the sewer has a long pipeline, then the creation of manholes cannot be avoided. Its main function, as already noted, is to ensure the convenience of cleaning the system and unhindered monitoring of the sewer system.

Advice! According to existing standards, the distance from the first manhole to the sewer outlet should not be more than 12 meters, but it should not be closer than 3 meters from the house. All others should be placed at a distance of 15 meters.

Rotary are used in the event that a straight line arrangement of the pipeline cannot be avoided. In the place where the pipe turns, a rotary well is installed. Note that the swivel type trays have special form. Rotary at the same time can be used as viewing.

Drop well device

Note that the device of differential type sewer wells is required if the natural relief of the site does not allow laying the pipeline with the angle of inclination that is required.

As a rule, its scheme will differ from a conventional viewing or rotary well by the presence of a descent. But if the difference is insignificant, this detail could be dispensed with.

The drop can be done by yourself. To do this, you will need a straight cross, pipe and elbow. If plastic pipes are connected, then the elbow should reach 45̊, if cast iron, then the angle should be 135̊. The drop is attached to the wall of the well with clamps.

Advice! A cross at the top of the lowering is mandatory, because, otherwise, when a blockage forms, it will be quite difficult to clean.

Drain well device

Note that depending on the type of tray arrangement will vary. The drain is a reservoir for the accumulation and primary treatment of wastewater and has a number of features:

• When choosing a location for a drain well, it is necessary to take into account the existing sanitary rules, according to which the distance between it and the foundation of the house must be at least five meters.
• The drain well should be located as far as possible from the water intake. With sandy soils, the distance should be at least 50 meters, with clay soils - at least 20 meters.
• As a rule, they are tanks of square or round shape. The bottom is filled with concrete.

• It is important to ensure that the walls and bottom are as tight as possible so that raw sewage does not enter the soil.
• Drainage wells must be cleaned of sewage with sludge pumps.

Advice! More advanced sewer systems, which are based on staged wastewater treatment, require cleaning much less often.

• As a rule, they are made of brick, concrete or reinforced concrete rings. You can also use improvised materials, but it will not last long and repair of sewer wells will often be required.

• The walls of the drain well must be plastered with cement. The bottom is covered with concrete. It must also be sealed with a layer of greasy clay. The ceiling is best made of reinforced concrete slabs.

Often the owners country house the question arises of how to make a sewer well from reinforced concrete rings. Indeed, the use of prefabricated reinforced concrete rings in construction speeds up the process of creating sewers:

• To create a well made of reinforced concrete, you first need to prepare the bottom. To do this, you first need to make a pillow of crushed stone, which is first compacted and then filled with mortar.
• Reinforced concrete rings are laid on the finished bottom. Their number directly depends on the volume of the future well. As a rule, 3-5 rings are used.

Advice! Reinforced concrete rings are very heavy, so you will have to involve special equipment to install them.

• To achieve tightness, the seams between all rings must be coated with a special solution.

Finished plastic containers

One of the most easy option creation of storage wells is the use of ready-made plastic tanks. Previously, they were not used, because the plastic could not withstand severe frosts. However, thanks to the invention of new types of plastic, this problem has been solved.

By choosing this option, you greatly simplify your work, since their installation is very simple. plastic tanks available with pre-drilled holes for pipes and different volumes depending on your needs.

The device of storage wells made of plastic is almost no different from classic wells. But they are easier to install than, for example, reinforced concrete rings, since plastic container has less weight and pre-drilled holes. In reinforced concrete blanks, holes will have to be punched independently. Advantages:

1. Strength, resistance to aggressive environments.
2. Complete tightness of the design, which ensures the environmental safety of such containers.
3. Ease of installation and maintenance.
4. Resistance to temperature extremes from +70̊С to -50̊С, which makes it possible to effectively use such containers in adverse climate conditions.

The device of filter wells

And the filter well becomes the last element of the local sewer system. In this design, wastewater enters after passing through preliminary treatment through the chambers of the septic tank. When planning the construction of a filter well for a country house or cottage, you need to take into account all the features:

1. When constructing the bottom, the concrete should not be laid in a continuous layer, but only along the perimeter of the bottom, while leaving the soil completely free in the center. As a result, the bottom ring will rest on the concrete base, but the bottom itself will not interfere with drainage.
2. Also, to carry out additional filtration of wastewater, drainage holes are made in the lower compartment at a distance of 5-10 cm. If brick construction is carried out, then gaps are left in the tub.
3. At the bottom, the filter material is covered with a layer about a meter thick. It can be gravel, crushed stone or broken brick. The same backfill is done outside along its perimeter. The inlet pipe should be located at a height of about 50 cm from the upper layer of the filter material, which is closed with a water baffle board so that the liquid jet does not wash away the layer.

How can a well be masked?

No less interesting is the question of how to disguise wells. After all, the place for them is chosen not for reasons of beauty, but I want appearance suburban area not injured. It may turn out that he just ruins the whole look. But finding a way out is not so difficult - just decorate it. However, one condition must be met.

When decorating a well, you should always leave access to it. That is, it is necessary to use removable decor items, and it is also important to leave free ventilation pipe and ventilation hatch. There are several ways to decorate:

1. It can be covered with ornamental shrubs.
2. Removable flower beds look good, which can be easily removed at any time.
3. On top of the well can be installed light frame from wire and decorate it with climbing plants.
4. You can put on top fake diamond. Natural boulder cannot be used due to its enormous weight.

We hope that the article answered all your basic questions on arranging various types of sewer wells, and now you can do all the work yourself.