Quadrocopter from improvised means at home. Heavy FPV quadcopter - development, assembly and first flight

Hey! Today on the agenda we have very interesting topic. I think you have already thought about the fact that you can assemble a quadrocopter with your own hands. The idea is really interesting. Choosing this, not the easiest way, you will not only get a good drone, but you will also be able to understand its device and gain a lot of useful knowledge. And you will absorb some of this knowledge today. Go!

Before starting, it’s worth remembering - what are the ways to get your quadrocopter? Actually there are five.

RTF

RTF (ready to fly) - Just buy a ready-made copter. All you have to do is take it out of the box and launch it into flight. This is a good option, if you are not interested in these constructors, and you just want to satisfy your need for a UAV. However, it's not nearly as fun as the other options.

All inclusive package

Suitable for those who want to make a drone with their own hands, but are not going to spend hours figuring out documentation, calculators and other subtleties. There everything is also calculated by the manufacturer and adjusted. You just need to assemble and set up. If you are now choosing your first quadcopter, then this is definitely your choice.

ARF kit

ARF (Almost Ready to Fly) - Everything is a little more complicated here. There are different degrees of "readiness". Somewhere you need to buy a controller, and somewhere in the kit there is only a copter frame. You will have to assemble the quadcopter, configure and calibrate it yourself. An option for those who dig deeper into their UAV.

From scratch

This is the choice of advanced users. Building a quadcopter from scratch means designing and manufacturing a frame and so on. This is a difficult, but very interesting path, especially if you do not take finished module control, or raspberry pi.

From improvised materials

We are not looking for easy ways. Grandfather's garage, aliexpress and electronics dump - our choice. Path of pain PVC pipes and hardcore, but as a result you will get a completely homemade quadcopter. There is full scope for imagination, and all the necessary components and drawings of quadrocopters can be found on the Internet.

Instructions for assembling a quadrocopter with your own hands (for beginners)

And now let's figure out how to build a dream quadcopter. I must say right away that this is a generalized guide, and some points may differ. I will try to systematize the process, and point out the main points of selection and assembly.

Parts for assembling a quadcopter.

Assembling a quadrocopter with your own hands begins with the selection of components. This is the most crucial step.

Frame accessories

The supporting structure of the quadcopter is extremely important. How much extra power you have left depends on its characteristics. The lighter the frame, the more expensive it is. At the expense of strength, you should not strain too much if your plans do not include the construction of a quadcopter for massive cameras. There are three main types of frame - four-beam, six-beam and eight-beam. In this case, we will start from a four-beam layout with single engines (one engine per beam).

Also, the frame can be equipped with folding arms, but this is already very expensive and not very necessary. You can try to implement it yourself.

Features when choosing components

Motors

What you need. Firstly, if you take them in China, then their characteristics will be overestimated. Secondly, it will give you more space. For example, if you need to hang a heavier camera, or some other module, then this will not damage the flight performance.

Propellers

This topic is quite extensive. When you need to focus on your needs. If it will be a simple copter for “flying”, then you can safely take plastic ones. If you want a real working unit for aerial photography, or (which is not paradoxical, because every gram counts there), then it is advisable to use composite materials. Well, don't be greedy. An overpayment of 10 percent can eliminate the need for balancing.

Remote control and receiver

For starters, a smart decision would be to take a remote control that has a receiver in the kit. Then they will be already paired, and you will only have to connect the receiver to the control board. Also, do not take the remote control thoughtlessly. Usually, decent specimens with a large range start at 1,000 rubles. Many have a bunch of features that will be impossible to use. For example, there are mode switches, but the flight mode board does not support it. Because of this, useless switches take up weight and volume.

Speed ​​controllers

They are characterized by power, motor turns, internal resistance, the presence of reverse, work accuracy and a bunch of other terrible parameters. If possible, look for a set of motors with controllers. If you don't want to, then you'll have to smoke forums and documentation. In principle, if we agree on the permissible type of motors and the output power, then the chance to miss is minimal, but I did not say this. Recheck.

Battery

With the help of a calculator. It takes into account many parameters, including the weight of the battery pack itself. Again, I do not advise you to take cheap ones. It burns beautifully, but too quickly. , and is equipped with powerful motors and other attachments with high energy consumption, then do not forget to check if the batteries have enough power.

Camera

Wow, this is the craziest one. The camera is not always needed, but if it is needed, then . Action should be used as a recording camera cameras - GoPro or its Chinese counterparts (they are not much inferior in video quality, if not even superior to the "firm"). You need to focus on weight, and on the viewing angle. Everything is clear with weight, but I’ll tell you about the angle.

I would like the camera to capture the beauty of the world, but not shoot the rays of the copter. If you miss and this happens, then you have to choose from two bad options.

Lower the camera so that it does not touch the propellers. It will most likely have to be lowered a lot, and this will cause a lot of problems with takeoff and landing, as well as with maneuverability, due to the shifted center of gravity.

Move the camera forward. Also trouble. The center of gravity will shift again (in this case, you can try to balance it with the help of a battery). It will make the structure even heavier, because you will have to come up with a very powerful latch. Otherwise, no budget vibration dampers will help the cause, and the jelly effect is guaranteed.

You can try using the approximate formula L= 2 * tg (A / 2) x D, where:

• L — Camera field of view at distance D
• Α - Camera viewing angle
• D - distance to the object (in our case, to the propellers)

You will get the diameter of the circle, but since the camera is shooting a rectangular image, this diameter will be a diagonal. There you can roughly estimate whether it hurts or not.

Components are selected, guided by the desired result. Do not take the best if it is not necessary. You can roughly calculate the possibilities of your assembly using a calculator.

Chinese details

I say right away - you can take it in China, but you should take the issue much more seriously. The Chinese are constantly overestimating performance. So, you need to roughly understand how and what works, and not be led by the Chinese's tales of unprecedented parameters and wonderful quality. In short - you can, but with an understanding of the matter and at your own peril and risk.

Controller

The controller is the brain of your multicopter. They can be divided into two types.

Universal: For example, DJI NAZA. Such a controller can be used with absolutely any assembly. Be it a quadcopter or an octocopter. It's not designed to be controlled by anything specific. You can hang a bunch of equipment on it, it has many functions and sensors.

There are also disadvantages. The first negative is the price. The same DJI Naza-M V2 costs 17,000 rubles. The second disadvantage is the need for customization. To do this, use a special program written for a specific controller. Almost everything can be replaced and adjusted there, but it requires certain efforts, knowledge and time.

Specialized: As in the following example. It has already been tuned to work with a specific copter layout. Of course, it gives some space, but you can’t adjust the power on each engine. It's cheap, doesn't do much. That's it, for starters.

Step by step assembly instructions

Let's agree that you have read our article about choosing a set for quadcopter assembly, and took advantage of the most valuable advice - to take a frame with a distribution board. If not, then we connect the wires directly to the control module.

For example, consider an assembly of the following components:

• Diatone Q450 Quad 450 V3 PCB Quadcopter Frame Kit 450mm
• Motor DYS D2822-14 1450KV Brushless Motor. 4 pieces
• DYS 30A 2-4S Brushless Speed ​​Controller ESC Simonk Firmware
• Propellers DYS E-Prop 8×6 8060 SF ABS Slow Fly Propeller Blade For RC Airplane
• Quadcopter control module KK2.1.5 kk21evo
• Turnigy nano-tech 2200mah 4S ~90C Lipo Pack Lithium Polymer Battery
• Battery charger Hobby King Variable6S 50W 5A
• Battery Connector XT60 Male Plug 12AWG 10cm With Wire
• Connectors 20 Pairs 3.5mm Bullet Connector Banana Plug For RC Battery / Motor
• Spektrum DX6 V2 with AR610 Receiver remote control (complete with receiver and transmitter)

Approximate price - 20 000 rubles

We spread the components on the table in an even layer, and we begin.

Stage one. Assembly

1. Approximately estimate the required length of the controller wires, add a small margin "for curvature" and cut them to the desired length
2. You solder the connectors to the outputs of the regulators, so that later it would be easier to connect the motors
3. Solder the regulators to the wiring board
4. Solder the battery pack connector to the wiring board
5. You screw the motors onto the arms of the copter. When installing the motors, try not to strip the threads.
6. If there are no connectors on the engines, then solder them too
7. You screw the beams with motors to the board
8. Attach the regulators to the drone's beams. It doesn’t matter what, but it’s most convenient with plastic clamps
9. We connect the wires of the regulators to the engines in random order. If necessary, then we will change
10. You fix the control module on the case (after photographing the back part. It will come in handy). Again, at least for chewing gum, but I advise you to use soft double-sided tape for now
11. You connect the speed controllers to the controller. In those ports that are marked (+ - empty), usually connected with a white wire to the screen
12. With the rest of the adhesive tape, you fix the receiver as close as possible to the control unit, and connect the necessary channels to the necessary ports. Use your receiver's documentation and photo back side boards to figure out which bundle of wires is responsible for what
13. Connect the power supply of the device from the battery, through the connector
14. Profit! Have you assembled your quadcopter

Stage two. Debugging

1. You start the engines (usually everything is different here, so see the documentation again)
2. You add a little gas, and look in which direction the propellers rotate. They must rotate as indicated in the diagram that is attached to the controller. Otherwise, the control will be inverted. If something is wrong, then just flip the connector that connects the motor and controller
3. When everything rotates correctly, you fasten the upper part of the frame. Don't push her into place. If she gets up tight, then something went wrong. Loosen the bottom screws, and after installation, tighten everything evenly
4. Attaching the battery pack
5. Mount adapters for propellers on motors
6. You install the propellers, taking into account the direction of rotation of the motors. The raised part of the blade must face in the direction of rotation.
7. Done. Your quad is ready to survive the first power up!

This was one of the simplest examples to start with. Of course, if you want to use a camera, GPS, or a more complex controller, then the design will be more complicated. Therefore, if you are not confident in your abilities, then you should start small. Everything else can be screwed on later.

However, do not overestimate the complexity of homemade. If there is no goal to assemble a multicopter from PVC pipes based on arduino (and this also happens), then there is nothing that an ordinary user could not do. The main thing is not to get lost, read and ask if something is not clear.

Conclusion

Finally, I would like to add a little morality to this text. Any such activity, whether it be designing or just assembling, is a powerful educational tool. The main thing is to just start. You will begin to understand many subtleties, and learn to focus on important points. This applies not only to the assembly of copters.

The quadcopter is a radio-controlled flying platform with four equipped propellers. The composition of such devices includes a flying multi-rotor platform. In flight, the quadcopter occupies, relative to the surface of the earth, horizontal position, is able to hover over the selected place, moves to the sides, up and down. Availability of a special additional equipment allows the quadcopter to carry out almost autonomous flights.

This device is equipped with four rotors that rotate diagonally in opposite directions. The rotors are controlled by a processor that reports data from three gyroscopes designed to determine and fix the position in space in all three planes. Thanks to the accelerometer, it is possible to take a completely horizontal position. Fixing the quadrocopter at the desired height is carried out thanks to the equipment with a pressure sensor. The device is displaced in space due to the fact that the speed of rotation of one or another pair of motors changes. There is a roll of the quadrocopter with its further movement.

First instruments

This direction began to develop in 2006. Developers from Germany Ingo Busker and Holgen Buss created a quadcopter with their own hands. A huge community of enthusiastic people gathered around him - RC modellers, programmers, designers. In mid-2007, quadrocopters began to hover and move quite steadily in the air. Such devices differ from radio-controlled helicopters in positive side due to the flexibility of the design and low cost. The equipment necessary for a quadrocopter can be purchased, and then there is a huge scope for creativity. In addition, in the event of a crash, it is usually much cheaper to repair such a device than a radio-controlled helicopter.

How to assemble a quadrocopter with your own hands: instructions

The frame for the device can be made independently. This will require not so many materials. Among them is a piece of plywood 150 x 150 mm, square aluminum profile 14 x 14 mm. The rays can be screwed with screws along the diagonals of the square. A thin aluminum strip can be used to create a landing ski and holder for each beam from the center is 300mm long and each beam is 250mm long. The holes for the engines at the ends of the beams can be made after assembly, marking everything on the engines.

RC Quadcopter: List of Required Parts

• Turnigy 9x hardware.
• Control board.
• Battery for equipment.
• Power battery for the quadcopter itself.
• Propellers.
• Charging device.

Assembling a quadcopter

First you need to install the control board, and try to place it as close to the center of the platform as possible. That is, it is better to measure everything in advance, so that later there will be no problems with balance and other points. Holes are drilled through the previously installed plywood, right into the ends of the aluminum beams. Long metal screws are used to screw the board directly to the beams. Speaking about how to assemble a quadcopter with your own hands, it should be noted that the beams should not be drilled through, since here the battery adjoins them as tightly as possible.

A receiver must be installed in close proximity to the board. It can be fixed with superglue. If the assignment of the channels at the receiver exactly matches those of the control board, then a simplified connection can be made for them using two three-wire loops.

Engine placement

If you talk about how to make a quadrocopter with your own hands, then you need to mark the rays and drill holes for the engine. The distance from the edges to the axis of rotation must be exactly the same in all cases. The hole for the tail of the shaft, which sticks out from the bottom of the engine, must be drilled through the entire width of the square, which will allow you to see if the shaft is clinging to its edges.

Disassembly with wiring

At this stage, it's time to perform the following operations. First, a “spider” is made of four speed controllers, and their power wires must be connected in parallel using special adapters. It is worth using only in one place - where the battery is connected to the "spider". Everything else must be soldered, and then tightened into heat shrink, as various surprises can happen in flight due to vibration. Now you need to connect the signal wires of the drivers in accordance with on the control board.

When everything is assembled, you can proceed to testing and solving problems that arise.

Alternative option

The first thing to say to those who are interested in how to assemble a quadrocopter with their own hands is that you should not save on details. Exist big number firmware, sensor options, ready-made controllers, but our article will describe the option using Arduino Mega, MegaPirate firmware, as well as relatively cheap sensors.

Details

To get started, you will need 4 motors plus 1 spare. Propellers should also be taken with a margin, there should be at least 2 standard and 2 reverse rotation. 4 speed controllers, plus a few spares. As a power source, you should not take one super-capacity battery, as it will only give excess weight device. It is best to prefer several small ones in order to change them in turn. The frame should be as strong and light as possible. The option described above can be called quite suitable. As the brains and sensors of the device, you can use a programmable microcontroller, an AllInOne board, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, control valves, batteries, a charger, and much more. The latter should be understood required amount bolts, screws, wires, ties. You will also need tools for the job, such as a soldering iron and accessories for working with it, a drill, as well as skillful hands.

Assembly of iron and its configuration

If you have everything described above, then it is quite possible to start the processes of drilling, soldering and twisting. The frame can be made in the same way as described earlier, or you can show your imagination. But only one point is important here: make sure that the distance from the center to the ends of the rays is exactly the same, while the propellers during rotation should not touch each other and the central part of plywood, since all sensors, brains, and also the camera are placed on it if you wish. Sensors should be mounted on thick adhesive tape, rubber or silicone to reduce vibration. In the middle or at the ends of the beams, you can fix foam, dense foam or rubber beacons, which will take over the functions of the landing gear at the time of landing.

Sensors and how to get them

The simplest option is to buy a ready-made board with four main sensors: a gyroscope designed to measure angular acceleration; accelerometer to measure gravity and acceleration; a barometer that determines the altitude and keeps the quadcopter at it; a magnetometer that records the direction of movement.

On the this moment You can also find such boards on sale, on which, in addition to the four indicated sensors, there is also a GPS receiver, which is actively used for autonomous flights.

Assembly of brains

To make the installation process as convenient as possible, it is worth placing everything on some kind of board that performs the functions of a prototype. The pinout of the connection depends on the type of firmware that is current at the time the device was assembled, so in each case everything should be connected in accordance with the instructions.

Firmware setup and download

Finding the right firmware at the moment is not difficult, so you should download the appropriate archive and unpack it. After the firmware in the Arduino is successfully loaded, you can upload the setup program, and then close the A5 pin to GND. When the program is running, select the Arduino COM port from the Option menu and AC2 Setup from the Action menu. It is important that the setup of the quadrocopter is successful, and for this you need to clearly follow the instructions that will appear in front of you after pressing the huge button. In one window, you will need to move the knobs on the remote control to the maximum and minimum values, and in another window you will be asked to make sure that the device is level in order to correctly calibrate the sensors.

Further work

Quadcopter control is configured after calibration. After you complete the setup, A5 with GND can be opened, and then find the AC2 Sensor item in the menu, where you can check if the sensors are working correctly, in the Raw Sensor tab. Each turn of the board with sensors should be worked out as clearly as possible, that is, as they turned, so the arrow becomes, if it falls short or goes over the desired value, then you have problems either with the sensor or with the coefficients in the code.

It is necessary to check the operation of the receiver. This is done in the next tab. If the level movement is correct, then when the throttle stick is moved down for 2 seconds to the right, the red LED should light up. When the same manipulator moves slowly upwards, approximately the same level deviation should occur in the left column.

Result

When everything has passed the test, you can mount the propellers, and then try to take off. To do this, the quadcopter should be placed away from you, tilt the left stick down and to the right, and then slowly add gas. If the device took off, it's very good, but if it shakes, then you have to adjust the PID. This is done in the PID Config item. This is all done in each situation individually, that is, there is no universal solution. Now you know how to assemble a quadrocopter with your own hands.

In order to assemble a quadrocopter with a camera with your own hands, you need to divide the assembly into two stages. The first stage is the assembly of the quadcopter itself. The second is to connect a camera to it.

So, the first stage.

Do-it-yourself quadrocopter assembly recipe

To build a quadcopter, we need the following:

• four engines for a quadrocopter;
• four speed controllers;
• four propellers (propeller), it is possible with a margin;
• power splitter 3.5 mm;
• configurable board via usb to control the quadcopter;
• four batteries or more to get the most out of your flight;
• battery charger;
• quadcopter radio control device (sold with receiver and transmitter);
• additional boards for connecting the receiver with the “brains” of the quadrocopter;
• wires in a silicone sheath for motors, two pieces of red and black;

It's all about the mechanisms and management.

Do-it-yourself quadrocopter frame

In order for our quadcopter to feel confident in flight, it needs to be equipped with a kind of skeleton on which all control mechanisms will be held. There are two approaches to solving this problem:

• finished frame for quadrocopter;
• frame assembled by hand;

To choose the most suitable option for you, you need to understand some of the nuances. If you purchase a ready-made frame, then as a rule, everything can already be screwed onto it and you can launch it into flight. But if, any part is damaged by a fall or careless use, it will take some time to wait for this part until it is delivered by courier services to your address.

As for the prefabricated frame with your own hands from improvised means, in this case you will need to tinker to cut and attach everything evenly. In case of any incidents, the broken part can be easily replaced.

The most common option for making a frame from improvised means are plastic pipes, which are used in construction for wiring wires. Their properties are ideal for fastening all necessary elements controls, engines. To screw them (motors), you can use fasteners, those that are used to fasten pipes to walls when wiring wires.

With the help of such pipes it turns out quite good construction, on which you can securely fix all the details of the quadrocopter and the camera. So, we almost have a do-it-yourself quadrocopter with a camera, it remains to assemble it all correctly and go on test flights.

Do-it-yourself quadrocopter with a camera: video of the assembly process

The whole process of assembling a quadrocopter with your own hands is presented in this video. We look.

Below are photos I found on the internet. They show quadrocopters with a camera, which were assembled with their own hands from improvised means.

How to connect the electronics of the entire quadcopter

I could not find a Russified instruction, thanks to my friend who translated this instruction from English into Russian for you.

When connecting motors, you will have to extend the wires by extension. You can use any suitable wires, but preferably "silicone". This will allow them not to crack at low temperatures, if you suddenly want to capture New Year's fireworks in winter on video.

Set up and “train” the quadcopter using software

So we assembled a quadrocopter with a camera with our own hands, it remains to train our car to behave correctly in flight. To do this, you need to “train” her. How it's done? Very simple! You need to upload the firmware to the board via usb. You can find this firmware on a specialized forum or on our website. When an article with the firmware is released, a clickable link to the firmware will appear here.

If you still don’t know how to fly a quadcopter and want to learn, then I’ll write an article on this topic especially for you. The link will appear here. There I will talk about the features of controlling a quadrocopter and which one is the fastest to learn to fly like a professional.

As for the second stage, then everything just needs to attach a camera that you consider suitable for yourself in terms of price and quality. In the video reviews you will find a suitable camera, if not, then write to the chat, which is located on the left bottom corner, other users will tell you.

At the end of this article, I suggest you watch another video on assembling a quadrocopter with a do-it-yourself camera.

The quad can hang in one place and take photos and videos, which is why many photographers keep up with the progress and buy quadcopters for video shooting.

Quadcopters burst into our lives along with technical progress. Today, ordering electronics for a quadrocopter from China is very cheap. Assembling a quadrocopter frame with your own hands from improvised materials is not at all difficult. You can learn how to fly with the help of flight simulators. So the main thing is the desire to make a quadrocopter with your own hands.

It is best to buy ready-made electronics for a quadrocopter.

Details of a homemade quadrocopter

Quadcopter motors, 4 pcs - D2822/14 1450kv

Of course, the additional purchase of a small quadcopter is a bit expensive, but by flying on this you will learn how to manage and be able to fly on big quadcopter with a camera without falling! A small toy can always be given to a child.

And finally, short video quadcopter flight, camera recording.

In this article, we reviewed the basic manufacturing principles homemade quadcopters. If you want to know more, see the section

iskra comments:

how to make a quadcopter so that it flies within a radius of 500 meters with a real-time camera that displays the image on the screen

chelovek comments:

Guys help!
I want to assemble a quadric on the arduino mega platform using these components:

Now on the Internet you can find several useful tutorials (all links at the end of the article) on how to assemble a drone on a 250 frame yourself. But, while collecting my first quadric for these articles, I ran into problems that were not covered in any way. Namely, I did not find full sheet parts and additional equipment that I need, price complete assembly, as well as some practical and theoretical questions. That is why it was decided to make this article as a summary of my personal experience and other people's experiences to help beginners (like me) build their first drone as productively as possible.

Part 1 will be devoted to the selection of parts, equipment, assembly and connection of all components of the copter. The software side will be discussed in 2 parts.

Immediately report what I got:

It is noticeable in the video that the legs of the drone disappeared during the flight, but more on that later

FAQ List:

AT: Isn't it easier to buy a ready-made quadric and fly?
O: Easier, only if you are not going to keep improving your drone and building others. That is, you just want to fly, and not rack your brains and waste precious time. A store drone is in any case easier to learn and easier to operate. As an alternative, I can offer MJX Bugs 3. Review on it. Price from ~120$.

AT Q: Do I need to solder?
O: Yes need!

AT: Is it cheaper to assemble a quadric yourself than to buy in a store?
O: Not! I consider this a delusion. If you are a beginner, and since you are reading this article, most likely you are, then in addition to parts for a quadcopter, you will need a lot of other things. I am attaching a list below.

List to buy:

In order not to bother with the selection of the main components, I see an excellent alternative in buying a ready-made kit. Without wasting time on the selection of parts, you will get everything you need.

Everything you get in the kit. On the picture not connecting wires from the controller to the transmitter are shown

3) At least 2 additional sets of propellers (4 pcs included: 2 left, 2 right) ~0-100 rub.

Propellers really consumable during the first flights, so it is better to take with a margin. Oddly enough, but ordering from China is more expensive, and the wait is long. Maximum diameter 5 inches. I bought .

Batteries from Aliexpress. Both are out of order. The second jar failed for the left one, the third jar for the right one.

Left: battery for radio remote control with JR connector (black head). Right: Quadcopter battery

I strongly advise against purchasing batteries from China: both batteries ordered by me failed, that is, they stopped producing the required voltage (one bank failed). Yes, perhaps it was a matter of chance, but there were no such problems with other batteries, and a savings of 150 rubles. not worth the risk.

Turnigy 9X with battery. Sits very tight, the lid closes

10) Soldering iron by itself.

Total cost ~ 11878 - 13217 rubles.

If you are surprised by the list, then it is worth noting that most of everything you buy will serve you more than once.

I also want to note that prices are constantly changing, so I cannot guarantee the minimum cost for links. I'm sure you can find cheaper. I just shared sources one to one coinciding with mine.

Assembly

Frame assembly

There is a chance that a kit of parts will come to you without instructions for assembling the frame. So it was with me. If this happened, then we collect the picture or video. At this stage, you should not tighten all the screws in the "combat mode", you may have to disassemble the frame more than once. At this stage, it is not worth screwing the upper part at all; without it, it is more convenient to work with the insides of the copter. Also, do not forget about the washers, which I wrote about above.

Let's not forget the pucks. Of course, you don’t have a white plate - these are the very remnants of 3D printed legs

Motor installation

A very simple operation, if you remember about the direction of rotation of the motors. Decide where you will have the front. Motors with a black nut, rotating clockwise, we put in the front left and rear right places.

Pay attention to the location of the engines

Motor mount

Soldering

Distribution board soldering

So, you have already tried on and decided how everything will be installed for you. Solder time. When soldering the board The most important thing is to observe the polarity! It doesn't matter which places to solder the wires to, it all depends on how you are going to install the board.

Solder the regulators and power wires. We observe polarity. (My version)

Solder the regulators and power wires. We observe polarity. (Another variant)

Solder regulators to motors

First of all, we remove the standard red heat shrink from the regulators. In order for the motors to rotate in the direction we need, the regulators to the motors should be soldered like this:

Connecting regulators to motors

I think that you have a question: where to put the long wires from the regulators. They can be soldered and removed completely, or they can be cut to the desired length. The second method is preferable for beginners, as there is less chance of overheating the regulator when soldering.

Fully soldered standard wires of the regulator. I don’t advise you to do this, it’s better to just shorten the wires (don’t pay attention to the location of the wires, the picture was taken to show something else. Correct scheme above )

Solder the T-connector. Polarity matters!

We fix the power board, speed controllers

Time to fasten. Remember that the frame of the quad is conductive, so the board must be insulated from it. I put it on two layers of double-sided tape, pulled it from one end with a clamp, and then secured it with an elastic band.

We fix the fee. Two layers of double-sided tape + clamp + elastic band

I hid the speed controllers in heat shrink, put them on double-sided tape, tightened them with clamps and, to be sure, tightened them with an elastic band. Looks more than safe

We fix the regulators. Heat shrink + double-sided tape + clamps + elastic band

We fix the flight controller, receiver

Double-sided tape and rubber bands come into play again. Again, the tighter you fasten, the better.

I have it done like this:

Fasten the flight controller (1). Grass left after the crash

Attaching the flight controller (2)

Fix the receiver. Butt he also sits on double-sided tape

We connect everything with wires

Flight controller controls

From each of the regulators we have 3 wires. You need to do the following: on three of the four regulators, you need to pull the red wire out of the connector. You need to connect the wires to the controller in a certain order, this will be discussed in the next part.

On three of the four regulators, you need to pull the red wire out of the connector

Receiver to flight controller

And here the order of connecting the wires to each channel is not important. You just need to connect the power wire correctly - the white wire is closer to the side with the sticker.

Connect the receiver to the flight controller. The power wire should be located white closer to the side with the sticker

We fasten the upper part of the frame, look what happened

I also added a "camera mount".

"Camera mount"

Total:

About falls and what to do while waiting for the package

Be prepared for some falls first. And this: broken propellers, legs and camera in my case.

broken legs

Broken camera. By the way, I advise you to additionally seal the connector with a flash drive with adhesive tape, there is a chance of loss if it falls

Here is a video from my very first flight.