Marigold white varieties are undersized. Species and varieties

Is South America, they have successfully taken root in our area. And so much so that they began to be grown everywhere: both in city parks and gardens, and in private garden plots. These unpretentious care bright flowers pleasing to the eye until late autumn. Today you will get acquainted with the best varieties of marigolds. Presented to your attention detailed description varieties, as well as a photo selection with the names of individual varieties.

plant description

An annual/perennial plant belonging to the Astrov family. Differs in a variety of stem lengths (from 15 to 130 cm) and the presence of a fibrous root system. Flowers grow quite large, forming lush bush, which can become a worthy decoration of any flower bed or garden.

The leaves of the plant are pinnate, whole, serrated. The color of the leaves is pale green and even a rich green hue. Inflorescences on the bush are found both single and composite. A distinctive feature of marigolds is their bright saturated color (yellow, orange, brown and multi-colored with red variegated coating) and a peculiar delicate aroma.

Flowering marigolds

Marigolds are generous beautiful flowering, which begins with the arrival warm summer and ends in late autumn (sometimes until the first frost).

Advice. If you want to add a "zest" to your garden, but do not know which plant to choose, you should pay attention to marigolds. Competently choosing suitable variety, you not only do not spoil the appearance of the garden with it, but also enhance the pleasant impression. In addition, marigolds are for the most part a perennial plant, so for 3-4 years you can enjoy their beauty carefree.

Marigold classification

Despite the fact that there are annual and perennial varieties of marigolds, the latter are most often used in horticulture. Marigolds are also classified according to the height of the bush: giant (about 1.5 m and above), high (about 0.6 m), medium (not higher than 0.5 m), undersized (up to 0.4 m), dwarf (maximum height - about 0.15-0.2 m).

Main types

Despite the variety of marigold varieties, only a few main types of this plant can be distinguished:

upright marigolds

• Upright (African). This species is characterized by spreading upright bushes covered with a thick "carpet" of terry rounded inflorescences. The diameter of the flowers is, on average, about 10-12 cm. The stems of the plant are quite large, strong, reaching 1 m in height. This variety is most often used in group compositions, in flower beds and even in small bouquets.

Advice. If you have chosen a variety related to this species, keep in mind: significant disadvantage The African variety of marigolds is considered to have poor moisture tolerance. With frequent and heavy rains, flowering begins to lose its original view, and the plant itself rots over time.

• Small-colored (French). A low variety of a plant - in height does not exceed half a meter. The inflorescences are also quite small - only about 3-5 cm in diameter. The plant pleases with its flowering until mid-autumn. The flowers are characterized by a monochromatic orange color (sometimes they are two-tone). Most often used to create a beautiful edging near the borders. In care unpretentious.

Small-flowered marigolds

• Thin-leaved. Thin-leaved marigolds grow in a very compact bush, not exceeding 0.4 m in height. The inflorescences slightly resemble chamomile in shape, but have a rich yellow color. The size of the flowers is small - only 3 cm in diameter. Most often used to create bright compositions in small flower beds. Also used in cooking (as a condiment). Demanding care: love light and warmth.

thin-leaved marigolds

• Small (graceful). Despite their name, marigolds of this species are truly gigantic in size - the height of the bush sometimes exceeds 1.2 m. But the inflorescences themselves look very elegant, neat, and differ in tiny sizes. They are often used in cooking.

small marigolds

hybrid species

Separately, several varieties of marigold hybrids can be distinguished:

• Antigua. This dwarf hybrid (about 30 cm) is most often used to compact and decorate garden plantings. It is distinguished by the variety of color shades of its inflorescences: yellow, lemon, golden, etc.
• Aztec Lime Green. Bushes of medium height (about 0.4 m) on their tops proudly bear lush terry inflorescences of tender lime color with a green tint.

Aztec Lime Green

• Lunasy. These undersized African marigolds differ in incredibly small sizes (about 15 cm) and inflorescences unusual look- they look like chrysanthemums. They bloom unusually quickly (in just a couple of months) and fade just as quickly.
• Vanilla. An unusual hybrid that got its name from the inflorescences delicate color vanilla. It is used exclusively for propagation in a flower garden and flowerpots (after cutting).
• Amber. The hybrid is represented by low bushes with powerful stems bearing bright orange terry inflorescences. The species pleases with its early flowering and resistance to adverse climatic factors.

• Carnations. Grown exclusively for further cutting. Differ in medium size and powerful beautiful inflorescences.

The hybrid varieties presented above are just a few of the large variety of marigold plants.

Popular varieties

Consider one of the most popular varieties of marigolds, most often used for growing in small flower beds, private gardens and to decorate urban flower beds. Among the large number of African varieties, the following can be distinguished:

• Gold Dollar. The variety is compact and at the same time large sizes(small in width, but tall - more than 1 m). The flowers are orange with red accents.
• Kilimanjaro. A hybrid variety intended exclusively for cutting. The size of the bush is large - it reaches a height of 0.6-0.7 m. Lush marigolds have an unusual white color for a plant.

kilimanjaro

• Glitters. An unusual variety, represented by giant bushes - about 1.1 m. At the same time, the inflorescences grow in rather rare groups, they differ small size- about 5 cm in diameter.
• Smile. This late-flowering variety is represented by a fairly powerful developed bush about 1 m high. The inflorescences are large, yellow color(sometimes on the same inflorescence several shades of yellow overlap at once: light yellow, lemon, golden, etc.).

Among the French varieties, the following can be distinguished:

• Naughty Marietta. One of the most popular varieties. Unpretentious care, blooms for a long time. The bushes have an average height - no more than 0.4 m. The flowers grow densely, they look like chamomile. The color of marigolds is bright yellow, with a reddish core.

Naughty Marietta

• Fighter. A variety with an unusual appearance: marigolds look like chamomile flowers. They grow very densely, creating a beautiful lush bush. They bloom for a short time - only at the beginning of summer.
• Bolero. A relative newcomer to the wide variety of marigold varieties. Already managed to attract Russian gardeners. The bushes grow quite small - only about 0.3 m. The flowers on them are also small, double. The color is unusual - rich red with small yellow splashes. Blooms for a long time, unpretentious care.

Among the Mexican varieties, the following can be distinguished.

Marigolds are bright unpretentious flowers that can be found in many suburban areas, in parks, city flower beds. These charming ornamental flowers are in luscious orange, sunny colors will decorate any garden and create a cheerful, cheerful mood in it. Marigolds are very popular in Ukraine, they are called "Chernobrivtsy" here. Marigolds have long been used to decorate rural courtyards and streets. They so organically fit into the rural color that they are considered to be a symbol of Ukraine, although America is the birthplace of flowers. Marigolds deserve national love not only because of their attractiveness, but also because of their unpretentiousness in care, even a beginner can grow these charming flowers.

Marigolds (lat. Tagetes) - annual or perennials, belong to the Aster family or Compositae. The birthplace of a flowering unpretentious culture is America, where they are widespread from the southern American states to Argentina. Marigolds came to Europe thanks to the Spanish conquerors in the 16th century and soon spread throughout the continent. To date, there are up to 40 species this plant. Latin name Tagetes (Tagetes) received flowers in honor of the grandson of Jupiter - Tages (Tagetes), who has the gift of a predictor. Tagetes is a compact shrub with an upright, branched stem, the height of which reaches from 20 to 130 cm. The marigold leaves are openwork pinnately dissected or pinnately divided, arranged oppositely, sometimes in the next order. The leaves, depending on the variety of the plant, are painted in a light green or dark green shade. Marigolds have a fibrous root system. The inflorescences of the plant are baskets: terry or simple, can be collected in inflorescences. The median bisexual flowers are tubular, and the marginal flowers are false-lingual, there are five stamens. The color of the flowers is bright and showy. There are marigolds of bright yellow, orange, red, golden, brown colors. The flowering of marigolds is plentiful, long, starting from June, ending with the first frosts. The fruit of the plant is a linear achene, narrowed towards the base, the flowers reproduce perfectly by self-sowing, retaining their germination for 3-4 years. Distinctive feature flowers - a strong spicy, slightly tart aroma, exuded not only by flowers, but also by the leaves of the plant. Not everyone likes the aroma of marigolds, but it is this pronounced specific smell that repels pests from the plant that can harm it. Types of perennial marigolds The species diversity of marigolds is huge, the most common in our region are three types of plants: Tagetes rejected (Tagetes patula), another name for the species is French, small-flowered, undersized. A low compact plant reaching a height of no more than 60 cm. small flowers up to 8 cm in diameter. Flowers, depending on the variety, can be double or collected in simple inflorescences with a pronounced disk in the center. The color of the flowers can be yellow, orange, golden or bicolor. Small-flowered marigolds are often used to decorate lawns, flower beds, flower beds, they are planted as a border or grown in flowerpots, containers. unpretentious look marigold grows everywhere, is a cold-resistant species. The most common varieties of rejected marigolds: Carmen is a variety with bright double flowers with corrugated petals. The color of the petals is a yellow-orange core, framed by a red-brown edging. The height of a sprawling bush is up to 30 cm. Gold Bol - the height of the plant bush is up to 60 cm, the color of the flowers is a bright yellow core with a red border. Lemon marigolds - have bright lemon-colored petals, double flowers. They look great in a one-color flower bed. Bolero marigolds are a low-growing plant, up to 20 cm tall with lush inflorescences, wavy petals, painted in yellow-red colors. The most common variety of marigolds, grows well in the shade. Tagetes thin-leaved, Mexican (Tagetes tenuifolia) - a miniature type of marigold with original openwork foliage. There are about 70 hybrids of this plant species. The height of the bush is about 20-40 cm, the inflorescences are small, up to 2 cm in diameter. The color of the petals is golden, orange, red, yellow. Popular varieties: Ursula is a bush up to 50 cm high with golden flowers. Paprika - bush height up to 25 cm, blooms red or orange. Lulu - bush height up to 25 cm, blooms with yellow-golden flower baskets. Tagetes erect or African (Tagetes erecta) is a variety of tall marigolds. The height of the bush is from 30 cm to 1 meter. A feature of this species is luxurious large double flowers up to 15 cm in diameter. As a rule, the color of flowers is monophonic: yellow, cream, golden, orange. Popular varieties: Vanilla - a bush up to 70 cm tall with creamy double inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter. Kilimanjaro is a shrub up to 70 cm tall with charming large spherical white flowers. Antigua is a low bush up to 30 cm tall with bright flower baskets: golden, orange, lemon. Which marigolds to choose: annual or perennial? decorating country cottage area, many flower growers are wondering which better varieties marigolds to choose for cultivation. When choosing between annual or perennial marigolds, you need to decide on the purpose of growing flowers. For a permanent place near the house, a veranda, or to decorate a flower bed, undersized perennial marigolds are suitable. It should be remembered that, propagating by self-sowing, perennial species have the ability to capture new territories, and every year, the bushes of the plant develop better, and the flowers become more magnificent. These varieties include: Carmen, Bonasa. Perennial marigolds can be bought at flower shops or assemble by yourself. Annuals hybrid varieties propagate by dividing the bush or by digging. Every year, more and more new and interesting bright annual marigolds appear, which do not have time to get bored, surprising with a new color or flower shape. New hybrid varieties for the summer period can be planted in flower beds, in hanging planters, flowerpots, pots, decorate window sills. They can be both short and tall. Among the well-known annual varieties can be distinguished: Mandarin, Eye of the Tiger, Kilimanjaro. Perennial Marigolds: Growing Unpretentious marigolds can be grown in several ways: sow seeds immediately into the ground or grow through seedlings. Growing marigolds through seedlings Sowing seeds for seedlings of upright tagetes is carried out in March, it is better to plant small-flowered and thin-leaved varieties for seedlings in early April. For more early landing, in February, seedlings will need to be illuminated, since daylight hours in February are still short. Stages of planting seedlings: In May, when the night frosts are gone, the seedlings are ready for planting in open ground or in flowerpots and containers for growing on windowsills, balconies, verandas. To transplant seedlings, it is enough to gently pry with a spatula and transplant onto permanent place on the site, observing the distance between landings of 30-40 cm. Undersized varieties planted according to the scheme 20 by 20 cm. The earth under the bush needs to be lightly tamped. The soil for planting should be nutritious, saturated with minerals, neutral or loamy. For flowers planted in soil with low fertility, in the future, during the growing season, top dressing will be required. Watering young plants should be moderate and regular, the lack of moisture in the soil affects the further growth and flowering of marigolds. Sowing seeds of perennial marigolds immediately in open ground Perennial marigolds can be planted immediately in open ground. For the first planting, seeds can be bought at the store, and then harvested planting material after flowering for breeding marigolds on the site, also the seeds of marigolds are abundantly propagated by self-sowing. Seeds collected in autumn are stored until spring, and then planted in the ground. Optimal time sowing seeds - mid-May, when the soil warms up enough. For planting, it is necessary to prepare in advance wide holes, 5 cm deep, at a distance of 15 cm from each other. Seeds are sown in moistened holes, and then sprinkled on top with a small layer of earth, about 1 cm. Watering is neat and moderate until the first shoots appear, which will appear quite quickly. If young marigolds have risen too densely, they should be thinned out and transplanted to another place. Perennial marigolds: care Caring for marigolds is not difficult, just observing simple conditions for their cultivation: Reproduction of perennial marigolds Marigolds can be propagated not only by seeds, but also by rooting. stem cutting in water or soil. In addition, adult marigold bushes are perfectly propagated by dividing the bush. It is enough to dig up the mother bush and divide it into several parts with a root and foliage. Collection and storage of perennial marigold seeds To collect planting material, you must wait to wait for the inflorescence on the bush to dry completely. Then, in dry weather, the inflorescences are torn off and the seeds are removed from them. You can store marigold seeds in paper bag in a dry, dark and ventilated area. When collecting seeds of a certain variety, it should be taken into account that only three out of four seeds inherit parental traits. Diseases and pests of perennial marigolds Marigolds rarely get sick. Their specific aroma is a kind of protection of plants from many diseases and pests. Due to the high content of phytoncides, the plant can protect not only itself, but also other crops surrounding it. But, if the summer turned out to be rainy, damp, the flowers are attacked by slugs and snails that feed on the leaves and stems of the plant. For pest control, traps from a bleach solution are used, which are placed around the perimeter of the site. Another disease associated with an excess of moisture is gray rot. Infected bushes should be removed to prevent infection of healthy specimens. In a dry summer, flowers can be attacked by a spider mite; in the fight against it, onion infusion is used, which is sprayed onto the bushes. To prevent the occurrence spider mite flowers in dry weather should be regularly sprayed, artificially increasing the humidity of the air. Possible problems in growing perennial marigolds With insufficient soil moisture, the plant will not fully develop, and this indicator also affects the size of the flowers. Excessive moisture leads to root rot and fungal diseases. In rainy summers, there is a possibility of decay of faded inflorescences, so it is recommended to remove them regularly. When the air temperature drops to 10 degrees, the plant stops developing. Perennial marigolds in landscape design Marigolds look great in any part of the garden, decorating flower beds, lawns, borders with bright juicy and lush inflorescences. Tall varieties harmoniously look in the center of the flower bed, and stunted ones look like decoration of borders and the side of a flower bed or lawn. Monochromatic velvet flower beds made of yellow marigolds or bright multi-colored flower beds, planted with marigolds of various colors. Marigolds - perfect option to decorate even the most small plot if the area for planting flowers is limited. Bright, unpretentious flowers can even be grown in beds, among potatoes or other vegetable crops. Marigolds planted in flowerpots, containers on verandas, in arbors look very beautiful. Cheerful flowers will give a good mood until autumn. Marigolds are an unpretentious and versatile plant that a beginner can grow. These bright flowers fragrant aroma fill your garden with warmth, joy and happiness. Perennial marigolds, photo

Marigold flowers got their name in honor of the demigod named Tages (lat. Tagetes), who became famous for his gift to predict the future. Many people know this plant as Chernobrivtsy, this is how it sounds in Ukraine. Most gardeners grow velvet flowers as ornamental plant, without even suspecting what healing properties it has. In nature, there are about 30 varieties of tagetes, which can be both annual and perennial flowers.

Description of velvet

These plants are famous for their unpretentious care and ease of cultivation. Flowering begins with the onset of summer and lasts until late autumn.

velvet flowers photo

You can see how these flowers grow in their natural environment in the countries of South America. Chernobrivtsy are also bred in Mexico, Chile, passionate Brazil, mysterious Morocco, Belgium and many other countries, where their flowers were used not only in medicinal purposes but also in cooking.

• As a seasoning for meat dishes, marigolds help reduce the burden on the body.
• The use of the plant in decorative purposes lets decorate household plot large beautiful flowers.

Velvet flower, which has evenly branched stems, forming a small bush from 20 to 120 cm high. The leaves can be pinnately dissected or pinnately divided. There are whole or jagged-cut leaves, the color of which varies from light green to darkening emerald hue. They can be located opposite each other or alternately.

You can find simple or double flowers of yellow, orange and brick-brown shades collected in baskets. The size of the flower is medium, it has a cylindrical cover, which includes leaves fused together. On the edges are reed female flowers. Linear achenes taper slightly towards the base and have a black or black-brown fruit. Marigold seeds can be planted after no more than 4 years from the moment of their collection, subsequently the seed loses its ability to grow. Owners of this plant can enjoy an unusual aroma, something reminiscent of the smell of a garden aster.

Interesting! In addition, it is worth noting that these flowers can kill bacteria, microfungi and pests living in the soil. Insects such as aphids, hateful Colorado potato beetles, nematode, wireworm and earth-burrowing weevil will never attack your garden if Chernobrivtsy grow in it.

Luxurious marigolds health benefits and harms: application

There are many legends that talk about healing properties tagetes. Nowadays, scientists have managed to confirm all these legends and prove that these beautiful flowers can cure many ailments.

If you grow marigolds in a pot at home or in a flower bed, then you will always have at hand not only beautiful, but also healthy flowers.

Marigolds have extensive medicinal properties, in addition to the main decorative ones. The composition also includes micro and macro elements, vitamins and essential oils with an unforgettable aroma. Thanks to infusions from velvet, you can get rid of dysfunction of the digestive tract.

In addition, Chernobrivtsy will allow you to get rid of the flu, colds and many others. viral diseases. In order to avoid meeting these ailments, add flowers to tea or compotes.

Using marigolds does no harm, but still, before using them in home medicine, you should consult a doctor.

The fact is that they contain essential oils that can harm allergy sufferers. Pregnant women should also use infusions from Chernobrivtsi with caution.

Perennial marigold varieties with photos and names

The garden can be decorated with flowers of red, orange, brown, yellow and amber hues from which an unforgettable aroma emanates. Exist the following types these colors:

Marigolds erect or African -Tagetes erecta

It may seem unrealistic, but this variety can reach a height of 1.5 meters. By placing several plants side by side in a flower bed at once, you become the owner of a bush of incredible size, completely strewn with large double flowers.

For cutting into bouquets, marigolds are also used, the cultivation of which will not bring you any trouble. When the plant grows, the base of its shoot becomes woody, which makes the cut convenient, and the overall appearance in the bouquet becomes majestic.

Among them it is worth noting:

Rejected or French - Tagetes patula

The height of this species is about half a meter. The plant is completely covered with bright yellow and orange double flowers, which are often bicolor. The duration of flowering differs this species from others. As a rule, the height of such samples does not exceed 60 cm.

Existing varieties:

Thin-leaved or Mexican Chernobrivtsy

The height of these plants does not exceed 35 cm. Due to the small unusual shape petals, it may seem that multi-colored butterflies are located on a green bush.

Since marigolds are able to quickly pollinate, the characteristics inherent in the original variety are quickly lost. Therefore, thin-leaved marigolds growing from seeds, when the time comes to plant them, have practically no resemblance to the plant from which the seedlings were obtained. You can become the owner of a wide variety of shades. This variety loves warmth more than others.

You can grow the following varieties of undersized Chernobrivtsy:

Important! If you will plant marigolds when growing more than one variety from seed in the same flower bed, then keep in mind that upright plants should be sown a few weeks before low-growing and small-leaved bushes. If you do everything right, then flowering will begin at the same time.

According to the texture of the petals, velvet is divided into:

1. Simple. They include reed fragments standing in one row.
2. Semi-double. This view, like the previous one, contains reed fragments, only now they are arranged in 3-4 rows.
3. Terry. They contain both reed and tubular fragments arranged in numerous rows forming a cap.

What you should pay attention to when choosing varieties of velvet

Many amateur gardeners are wondering how and when to plant marigolds, but the first thing to focus on is the plant variety. Before choosing one of the varieties, be sure to decide in which place you will plant the flower. The fact is that all species have a certain height and shape, and some may look inharmonious with each other.

Important! That is why you need to choose varieties so that they are the same height. If you decide to plant samples different heights, then in the background it is worth placing tall specimens, leaving the front part for undersized bushes.

Marigolds perennial planting and care in the country

Marigolds are flowers that are quite easy to care for, so even amateur gardeners can grow them. Varieties of rejected marigolds are able to survive even near roads, despite a large number of exhaust gases and smog.

which variety to choose

Most species love open areas, but if you plant them in the shaded parts of the garden, they will still delight you with their flowering. Chernobrivtsy prefer to grow in fertile neutral or loamy soils, where they need to be watered regularly.

But you should remember that if the marigolds grow in the shade, then their flowering will not be as plentiful as in the flower beds located in the sun.

Marigolds planting and care in open ground will require some effort from gardeners. The first thing you need to remember is that any of the plants of this species needs the sun's rays. If the light is not enough, then you will become the owner of a bush decorated a small amount little flowers. If you decide to grow marigolds in pots, then you need to place them on the southern loggias and balconies. In the event that planting is carried out in greenhouses, then in the daytime be sure to cover them for a couple of hours.

If you have the opportunity, then be sure to let the flowerpots stand in the fresh air, as the presence of flowers outdoors will not allow the plant to get sick further, and also allow the roots to get stronger.

Marigolds how to grow in a flower bed video:

Growing from seed

There is a proven way to grow marigolds from seeds quickly. If you want the seeds to germinate much faster, then be sure to germinate them before planting in the ground.

flower seeds

• Place the seedlings on a damp cloth, which should later fit into the bag.
• In this form, the seeds are stored in a warm place and after three days the first bores appear on them.

Any of the gardeners can independently collect the seeds. In order for seedlings to form on the bushes, do not remove the testicles from them and allow them to dry completely. Seeds that will ripen in them must be thoroughly dried. Seeds are stored in paper bags away from moisture.

In addition, it is worth remembering that Chernobrivtsy is grown from seeds when the time comes to plant, it is necessary to use only fresh planting material. Best of all, those seeds that were collected no later than two years sprout. Reproduction is carried out both by sowing in open ground, and by using seedlings.

Important! Remember that most of Chernobrivtsy are hybrids, so you are unlikely to get an exact copy of the plants you have. Some of the specimens receive separate traits of a male or female.

When to plant marigold seeds

Landing is carried out after the frosts have finally receded and warm days have come. In the southern regions of Russia, as a rule, landing is carried out in mid-April, but in the cooler parts of the country in early May. In the event that you decide to grow seedlings first, then you need to sow the seeds in March or April, which will allow them to bloom in last days spring or early summer. Some of the gardeners sow seeds in February, which leads to early flowering in the first days of April, when it is too early to transplant young sprouts into open ground.

1. Before you start sowing, you need to loosen the soil a little and allow the sun's rays to warm it up a little. As soon as the earth warms up, make long holes in it and water them a little.
2. Place the seeds prepared in advance for planting in the hole, keeping the distance between the seedlings at least 1-2 cm.
3. Seeds must be sprinkled thin layer earth. When early sowing seedlings should be insulated with a film, which will help retain moisture and heat.

If you are interested in the question after how many days marigolds sprout, then you should know that the first bores will break through the ground after 2 weeks. If the seedlings are too densely planted, then they should be thinned out by planting them in other beds. The flowering of Chernobrivtsev begins after 1.5 months.

The most suitable time for planting seedlings

To plant marigolds for seedlings in Siberia, it is necessary to take into account some features. This method is most suitable for regions where such cold climate. Before planting it, it is necessary to consider not only weather, but also the time when you would like the plant to start producing the first flowers.

Usually the most the right time for planting is mid-April. If you want the bush to bloom early, then you need to sow flowers in winter time. But in this case, you should consider that such plants will need lighting with lamps and a temperature that is comfortable for growth.

What are the steps you need to go through:

Depending on the variety chosen, the distance between the planted young will come from. Tall species need a place whose size is at least 40 by 40 cm. Medium-sized ones need to be planted in a plot of 30 by 30 cm, and undersized bushes have enough space in a plot of 20 by 20 cm. For the correct formation of the root system, do not forget to water the marigolds in a timely manner.

How to store seeds

when to collect marigold seeds

Marigolds planting and care that do not require special efforts, after maturation need special storage. When does it start mass flowering you need to start picking flowers. It is customary to cut the plant, stepping back from the ground about 15 cm, and after the procedure, the raw materials must be immediately sent for special processing or dried at home in a shaded place.

In the marked marigolds, it is necessary to remove the testes located on the shoots of the first order and the central stems during the period when the seeds ripen. If this procedure is carried out later than the set time, then the seeds will fall to the ground. As soon as you cut the flowers, be sure to loosen the soil between the rows.

Small Chernobrivtsi are harvested during their active flowering period. As a rule, this period begins in September. Flowers are cut at a level of 30-35 cm above the ground.

As with the marked varieties, the seed plants should be harvested when they are ripe on the central stem, as well as the shoots of the first row. As soon as you dry them by placing them in a dry, dark room, be sure to peel them off.

Tagetes diseases and pests

All varieties of marigolds release a volatile substance that prevents ailments from attacking the plant. But even such an invulnerable bush can be in danger. The point is this: if the weather outside is damp, then snails or slugs can attack. To get rid of these pests you will need bleach. Put her in open jar and place between bushes in danger.

Gray rot is quite rare, but still attacks the velvet. In this case, the infected samples must be disposed of. Those bushes that did not have time to become infected should be treated with a soapy solution for prevention.

In order to avoid meeting with such a pest, be sure to humidify the air next to the plants.

The use of velvet

Recipe: Marigold Seasoning

To do this, you will need flower stalks of sunny species. Collect them and dry them well. Once the flowers are dry, grind them to make a powder. Seasoning from Chernobrivtsy is used in Caucasian cuisine, giving dishes an unforgettable aroma and taste.

Another world-famous spice is prepared from these flowers. Imeretian saffron, which is used in the culinary world, quite widely.

Now you know how to plant and grow velvet flowers correctly, so you can start breeding them. The main thing is to follow all the necessary rules and soon you will be able to enjoy the lush and unforgettable flowering of these unusual sunny flowers.

Tagetes application video review:

All amateur gardeners have these flowers. Marigolds are annual plants.

There are many legends about them.

Here is one of them: my mother had little black-browed, funny sons. Once the Tatars attacked the village, in the absence of the mother they stole the children. When she returned, she looked for them, but did not find them. Since then, she often cried under the window, where her children frolicked in the clearing. Marigolds are children who stretch their arms towards their mother.

Velvet first appeared in America, and then gradually enchanted the whole world with its unearthly beauty. There are many uses for these colors.

For example, one incomparable Georgian seasoning is prepared from them - Imeretian saffron.

The popular genus of marigolds "Tagetes" distinguishes between upright, deviated and thin-leaved marigolds. This genus is represented by more than 30 varieties of flowers.

upright

As a rule, these are marigolds with tall bushes up to 90 cm, but among the upright ones there are also undersized ones, such as the Antigua variety.

Variety "Antigua" - bush height up to 20 cm, large flowers up to 10-12 cm, single, semi-double, can be double.

Rejected

Height up to 25-30 cm, strongly branched, inflorescences 4-5 cm in diameter, a large number different forms and colors, there can be two colors in one inflorescence.

Several popular types of rejected:

• "Tiger Eyes" - "Tiger Eyes" stem height up to 25 cm, double flowers are bright - orange color diameter 5-6 cm,
• "Yellow Jacket" up to 15 cm high, yellow terry inflorescences.

Thin-leaved

An elegant compact variety, the flowers are small, never double, used in borders, in balcony boxes.

Popular varieties:

• grade Lemon Gem 20 cm high, inflorescences lemon yellow;
• grade Starfire 15 cm high, bright orange color.

In addition, many marigold hybrids have been bred:

Kilimanjar

Example variety "Kilimanjaro", unusual vanilla-white color, undersized up to 30 cm, medium-sized inflorescences, 5-6 cm, double.

Suitable for planting on the balcony in boxes, and for flower groups in flower beds.

Undersized marigolds - planting, care

Flowers reach their maximum decorativeness in the open sun.

They tolerate partial shade, but do not respond well to frost.

When planted directly in the ground, flowering time is reduced. Seeds close up one centimeter deep. Dive in three weeks.

In order to get flowering marigold bushes in your garden earlier, flower seedlings are grown.

• Seedling. R planted in early April. Close up the seeds one centimeter deep. After the last frost, shoots are planted in open ground at a distance of thirty by thirty centimeters.
• The soil. Nutritious, moist soils with a neutral or slightly acidic environment are needed.
• Care, flowering. Plants are photophilous, drought-resistant. special care behind them is not required. They need to be watered, fed, weeded. Marigolds bloom from June to October. To extend this period, it is necessary to remove wilted inflorescences.
• Place of cultivation. Flowers are used in all kinds of flower beds, in a group of flowers in a flower bed, on a balcony. flowering plants, if grown in a box or vase, transferred to the house in the fall, will grow further. Planted plants in the ground in spring form a flowering bush.
• Watering. Flowers cannot be filled with water. The only abundant watering is done within two weeks after planting the seedlings. Due to the lack of moisture, the inflorescences of plants become very small. But from its excess, rotting of the inflorescences occurs. If the plants are kept in containers, then they need to be sprayed in dry weather.
• fertilizers. Fertilizers should be applied regularly to the soil where marigolds are planted.
• Diseases, pests. Resistant to diseases and pests. Roots rot when high humidity. If you follow the rules of watering, then there will be no problems with growing beautiful plants.

Marigolds have a strong phytoncidal effect.

They have a typical smell, which can hardly be called pleasant or unpleasant, different people respond differently to this smell. The strong odor has a bactericidal property.
It is useful to plant these flowers around the site, which repels pests. They are also used to control aphids.
Beautiful, miniature, fragrant plants will delight the eye in flowerbeds, in alpine slides, thoughtfully located in harmonious combination with nature, and in pots at home. Undersized marigolds are a charming, charming gift of nature for any gardener.

Good luck gardeners!

- This is a bush of erect, branched stems, 20 - 120 cm high. Leaves - from light green to dark green, pinnately dissected, less often serrated with translucent glands. The placement of leaves on the stem is opposite or alternate.

Inflorescences are ordinary or terry baskets of yellow, brown or orange color with a sharp smell reminiscent of asters. Flowering time from early summer until frost. root system fibrous.

There are annual and perennial species. They spread throughout Europe and beyond after they were brought from America by the Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century. You can read about all types of this plant.

Annuals or not?

The choice between annuals and perennials depends on the purpose for which marigolds will be planted. Perennials are suitable for long-term cultivation in one place, with an increase in the area that plants will occupy by self-sowing. Besides, every year the marigold bushes become stronger and give larger and more lush flowers.

Annual plants require annual planting, but this leaves more room for changes in landscape design. They can be planted not only in flower beds, but also in flowerpots, planters, move them with pots where a sense of aesthetic balance requires. Can this be grown? beautiful flower potted houses we wrote in .

In addition, their new varieties appear much more often than perennial varieties. Even just collecting seeds of flowers pollinated among themselves different varieties, you can get your own new hybrid. You will learn how to collect marigold seeds in.

Plant varieties and photos

Below you can find a description of the appearance of marigold varieties and look at their photos.

Rejected or French

They come from the mountainous regions of Mexico. The name is due to the fact that their side shoots are always rejected. They grow in low bushes up to 60 cm tall, consisting of erect shoots with dark green pinnately dissected leaves. Bloom from June to October.

Flowers are double or semi-double 4 - 6 cm in diameter. They are undemanding to the composition of the soil and feel good even on stony soils. Widely used for planting in front gardens and on alpine slides.

Thin-leaved or Mexican

They grow in bushes up to 50 cm high from stems branching from the very base. The light green leaves are pinnately dissected, small and narrow. Flowers golden, orange, red, yellow up to 2 cm in diameter. They grow well even on heavily polluted soils and on roadsides. The leaves of some varieties are used in cooking.

Upright or African

Grow tall bushes from 30 cm to 1 meter high. The stems are straight, ribbed with pinnately divided serrated leaves in all shades of green. Flowers from light yellow to dark orange with a diameter of up to 13 cm. Well suited for cutting.

You can find out all the details about what types of marigolds exist in, and you will find photos and descriptions of the most popular varieties.

Appearance and features

Perennial marigolds grow in compact bushes consisting of erect, branched stems. 20 - 130 cm high. Depending on the species, the leaves are pinnately dissected and pinnately divided in all shades of green.

Reference. These flowers have a very strong and rather specific aroma. But this is rather their advantage. If you plant marigolds next to vegetable crops they will help protect them from pests.

Inflorescences consist of tubular and reed flowers. Depending on their shape and quantity, marigolds are usually divided into:

• simple(consisting of 1 - 3 rows of reed petals);
• semi-double(in their composition no more than half of the reeds);
• terry(more than half of these flowers are either tubular or reed).

Flowers can be colored yellow, orange, lemon, white, variegated, red-brown. According to the total height of the bush, marigolds are divided into:

• Giant - more than 90 cm.
• High - up to 60 cm.
• Medium-sized - up to 50cm.
• - up to 40 cm.
• Dwarf - up to 20cm.

In order for marigolds to develop normally, it is recommended to follow a number of rules for planting them in open ground.

Important. Abundant watering is very important for the further development of marigolds. In its absence, the bushes grow low, with a small number of shoots, and the flowers will be much smaller than they should be.

We wrote about how to get seedlings of your favorite flower in.

If the decision is made to plant by simple sowing, then there are two options. Seeds are sown either dry or pre-soaked in warm water for a few days. You will find all the details about growing marigolds from seeds.

1. At the landing site, grooves are made 5 cm deep and moistened.
2. Seeds are sown at a distance of 5 cm from each other.
3. Filled beds are covered with earth or peat.
4. After the appearance of a pair of true leaves, the sprouts dive and thin out. As a result, there should be a distance of 20 cm between plants, for tall varieties 40 cm.
5. Until the plants get stronger, carry out abundant watering and regular weeding.

You will find all the rules for planting marigolds in, and read how to do it correctly at home and in the open field.

Lighting

For landing, pay attention to its illumination. Although planting in partial shade and shade is allowed, it is better to plant these heat-loving flowers in areas that are well lit all day. Water should not stagnate in these areas, otherwise the flowers will rot with fungal root diseases.

Also, when choosing a place, the future height of the bush is important. Usually they form flower borders or plant them on alpine slides. Other varieties are used central elements flower beds or planted in the background of the flower garden.

Soil Requirements

In general, plants are quite unpretentious to the richness and density of the soil on which they grow. For best results, it is recommended to plant them in neutral loamy soil, which is pre-enriched with minerals and trace elements. For better oxygen supply good drainage such as adding compost.

Important. You can pre-fertilize the soil with any full mineral fertilizer in full dosage, but you can not use manure for this.

Care and choice of location

With the right choice of the initial landing site, with constant lighting, caring for marigolds, although not difficult, they still require some attention.

Common diseases and pests

• Gray rot It is formed if the summer is too rainy and cold or when plants are planted close to each other. Characterized by dark brown spots on stems and leaves. When an infected plant is found, it is dug up and destroyed.
• root rot appears as a result of stagnant moisture in the soil. It is treated with any phytoncides for plants.
• Slugs and snails begin to attack plants at high humidity. They fight with them by collecting them with their hands and placing open containers with bleach near the plants.
, then a certain number of seed boxes are simply left on the bushes. In the future, they themselves will open and the seeds will fall to the ground.

The easiest way to propagate is by dividing the mother bush. The excavated bush is simply divided into several parts with roots and stems. Then they are planted separately according to the rules of planting.

In general, we can say that marigolds are a good choice both for beginner flower growers and experienced gardeners and landscape designers.

A large selection of varieties and unpretentiousness in, make it easy to decorate with them as city ​​flower bed and the front garden of a private house or cottage. And gardeners will like the fact that their smell will scare away harmful insects from vegetable beds.