School landscaping project. Landscaping of schools and kindergartens
Little Christina
The theater begins with the wardrobe, and the school with the school yard, because the yard is the face of the school.
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School scientific and practical conference
Landscaping
schools.
Work completed
Little Christina studying
9 b class MBOU secondary school Ust-Uda
Supervisor:
Malenkih Alexander Gennadievich, teacher of technology, drawing
year 2012
Research
Little Christina
Irkutsk region, Ust - Udinsky district
Municipal budgetary educational institution
secondary school in Ust-Uda
annotation
"The theater begins with the wardrobe, and the school with the school yard, because the yard is the face of the school." From this we concluded that the appearance of our school is not entirely aesthetic, and this is what instills in children a taste, a perception of beauty.
Working on the project, we hope to improve the appearance personal plot which helps to increase the interest of the villagers in school life. This is the first reason why we chose this topic. Secondly, original design the school site will cheer up students, teachers and school staff, which, in our opinion, should improve the quality of education, because the mood with which adults and children come to school depends on how they will work. And, finally, thirdly, while working on the project, we hope to learn a lot of interesting and useful things that can be useful to us in the future for successful socialization in society.
The school is our common home, because most of the time we spend in the school that we love and want to see it beautiful not only from the inside, but also from the outside.
Having identified the relevance of this problem for the school, setting goals and objectives to be solved in the course of this project, then we decided to put our plans into practice. During the development of this stage, we not only analyzed the collected information, but also calculated how to get this problem off the ground. We outlined a program of action for ourselves.
2. Reconstruction of the sports ground - 1 - 2 years.
Research
"Improvement of the school territory"
Little Christina
Municipal budgetary educational institution
secondary school in Ust-Uda
Study plan
Problems that we saw during the study of the project:
1. The school yard is in poor condition.
2. The flower garden is practically not decorated.
3. The sports ground is in a deplorable state.
Project Goals - organizing and carrying out events for the improvement of the territory of the courtyard in order to achieve an aesthetic and practical appearance of the facade of the school. Schoolchildren have a low level of environmental activity.
Project objectives:
- The formation of an active life position in children, to be indifferent to the fate of their small homeland.
- Attracting young people to participate in labor activities.
- To form an active civic position in the younger generation.
- To promote the moral, aesthetic and labor education of schoolchildren.
- Involve children in the search for mechanisms for solving urgent problems of the local community through the development and implementation of socially significant projects.
- To form a sense of personal responsibility for the state of the environment.
- Transform and improve the school grounds.
Research
"School landscaping"
Little Christina
Irkutsk region, Ust-Udinsky district
Municipal budgetary educational institution
secondary school in Ust-Uda
Research Article
Playground
Over the past decades, there has been a negative trend in the decline in the level of health of children, adolescents and young people in our country.
Increasing attention to the physical culture of schoolchildren has a positive effect not only on the physical, but also on the social health of the younger generation: the state of health improves, the level of fatigue and fatigue decreases, and the possibility of professional growth increases. Physical education has the significance that motor needs have become a necessity that activates many other vital needs of students. Here, as in culture as a whole, the process of mastering new values by the individual, developing attitudes on this basis, value orientations, social needs. And, as you know, it is the social needs of people that ultimately determine this or that way of life.
A decisive breakthrough in this regard is prevented by the poor material security of our school with sports equipment.
Reconstruction of the sports ground will be a good link in achieving sports results, will provide an opportunity to maintain health during the period of study at school, to form the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities for a healthy lifestyle, will enable schoolchildren and youth to realize their needs in their favorite sport at any time of the year .
After consulting with physical education teachers, and based on the territory, we took into account the minimum number of necessary sports facilities for physical education lessons and extracurricular sports activities, as well as for organizing leisure activities for school students. An integrated sports ground should include the following components:
- Volleyball Court;
- obstacle course;
- gymnastic town;
- basketball playground;
- football field
Design at school grounds
At the first stage of work on landscaping the school territory:
1. We study the places for the location of flower beds
2. We also study the level of illumination
3. We make the necessary measurements
Taking into account the specifics of the object, in order to develop students' aesthetic perception of nature, put into practice the acquired knowledge in biology, geography and other subjects, create flower beds when designing the landscape design of the school territory.
When creating flower arrangements, you should strive to ensure that the plants bloom all the warm season.
To do this, you need to combine plants with different flowering periods, which will replace each other, or sow a flower garden with long flowering plants.
For a flower garden, plants are selected with approximately the same requirements for soil conditions, moisture and light conditions.
Well-marked, even underlined borders give a neat finished look to the flower garden. For this, a variety of techniques and materials can be used.
Traditionally, medium-sized natural stones are laid out along the edges, low, stone, ceramic, wooden or plastic borders specially designed for flower beds are set up, glass bottles or just plastic bands.
The filling along the edge of a narrow strip of colored gravel looks good (river or small sea pebbles look better, crushed limestone or granite looks worse). You can simply trim the edges of the sod evenly.
Preparation for the implementation of the landscaping project provides for competitions among school students for the best flower bed and the best decorative crafts to decorate the garden, making garden decorations, creating a plan for the design of a flower garden, collecting seeds and planting material from the population, growing seedlings.
Implementation of a landscaping project: creating flower beds and borders, planting seeds and seedlings of flowers, transplanting perennials, placing garden decorations on the site, caring for flowers during the summer.
Project for decorated decoration a flower garden is economically beneficial, since minimal costs are required for its implementation.
Research
"School landscaping"
Little Christina
Irkutsk region, Ust-Udinsky district
Municipal budgetary educational institution
secondary school in Ust-Uda
Rationale for the relevance of the project
It is not easy to teach a person to think not only about himself, but also about the world around him, this problem is especially relevant for teenagers in our school. Conservation and protection of nature allows teenagers to feel their importance, maturity, to feel their ability to do important, useful things, to really see the results of their activities, to bring joy to others, to create beauty.
We chose this problem because:
The school yard is in poor condition;
The school site is not landscaped enough;
There is no play area on the school site;
The sports ground is not up to the mark;
Schoolchildren have a low level of environmental activity.
We believe that the project will help students express themselves, gain confidence.
And so the landscaping project was born. school grounds.
In order to correctly assess the situation, we examined it from different angles: ecological, biological, social.
One of the negative factors is also the deterioration in the health of children, the growth bad habits, useless pastime of teenagers, which can lead to negative consequences.
There are social and environmental problems: dustiness, air pollution, low level of environmental activity among schoolchildren and residents of the microdistrict, low cultural level of communication with nature.
The project will help children express themselves, gain self-confidence, improve the school yard, and take part in the life of the school. Therefore, the active life position of children is now important for the future, for successful socialization in society. The project serves to solve this problem.
Features of flower plants
You need to think about how different points flower garden will be perceived. Some flower arrangements are arranged in a vertical plane. The distance from the path to the flower bed should be twice the height of the largest plant. Other compositions are arranged in a horizontal plane. Here, the most spectacular plants should be planted at a distance of 50-60 to 250 cm from the point of perception.
When creating flower arrangements, you should strive to ensure that the plants bloom all the warm season. To do this, you can combine plants with different flowering periods, which will replace each other, or plant a flower garden with long-flowering plants.
The most important information about the biological characteristics of the plants that we are going to use: relation to light and moisture, life span, flowering time and preservation of green parts of the plant (vegetation period), maximum dimensions in adulthood, biological compatibility with other plants, growth rate - avoid the use of aggressive plants, especially in relatively small flower beds. In any case, plants are selected for the flower garden with approximately the same requirements for soil conditions, moisture and lighting conditions.
Rules for organizing a flower garden. Tall plants are planted in the background, lower ones in the foreground. A good flower garden should have at least three conditional rows and three levels. The tallest and largest plants are planted in two unequal groups along the diagonal of the flower bed at its opposite edges. The remaining free space in the foreground is filled with undersized or ground cover plants, in the background with taller ones that form the background. Early spring perennials are planted so that in summer they are not visible behind other, later growing flowers. In place of faded bulbs, you can plant seedlings of letniki.
Breakdown of a flower garden on the ground. The layout of the flower garden on the ground begins with the designation of its boundaries. To do this, pegs are hammered along the contour of the flower garden, and a cord is pulled over them, the sod inside the contour is removed, and the remaining roots are selected. The soil is dug up by about 30 cm, large clods are crushed.
If the soil is heavy clay, compost is added to it or good humus, sand, peat, a little ash or bone meal; if the soil is sandy or sandy, add peat, compost and, if necessary, loam. From soil mixture form an earthen cushion, rising 10 cm above the level of the turf (a kind of bed). The soil mixture is leveled and compacted.
After the soil cushion is formed, they proceed to the breakdown of plantings. With a sharp peg on the surface of the flower garden, the boundaries of the placement of a particular culture are outlined, the transitions between which should be smooth.
Borders. Well-marked, even underlined borders give a neat, finished look to the flower garden. For this, a variety of techniques and materials can be used. Traditionally, medium-sized natural stones are laid out along the edge, low stone, ceramic, wooden or plastic borders specially designed for flower beds, or simply plastic ribbons, are put up. The filling along the edge of a narrow strip of colored sand or gravel looks good (river or small sea pebbles look better, crushed limestone or granite looks worse).
Spring work on the school site, regardless of whether we are going to arrange flower beds on our own or with the help of specialists, you need to know some rules: the area reserved for flower beds should be thoroughly cleaned of debris. No burials; before processing the site, uproot unnecessary trees and shrubs, cure those that remain, fill the tree trunks with organic and mineral fertilizers
current care. Flower beds must be watered. You can verify the need for moisture by tasting the earth with a scoop. If the soil is dry at a depth of 5 cm, it needs watering. In autumn, leaves that have fallen on the flower garden are removed. Plants sensitive to low temperatures are covered with heat-insulating material for the winter.
Diagnostic survey among school students
- Do you think that the reconstruction of the sports ground is necessary?
Yes - 91%
No - 0%
Don't know - 9%
- Do you agree that the reconstruction of the sports ground will help improve your health?
Yes - 72%
No - 8%
Don't know - 20%
- Would you like to transform the school yard?
Yes - 79%
No - 8%
Don't know - 13%
- Would you like to participate in the transformation of the school yard?
Yes - 50%
No - 21%
Don't know - 29%
Questioning of students showed that the majority of schoolchildren consider it necessary to reconstruct the school sports ground on the territory of the school. Also, more than half of the students agree that the sports ground will help improve their health. More than seventy percent of schoolchildren would like to transform the school grounds and about fifty percent of students would like to participate directly in this.
conclusions
Having proposed an idea for the improvement of the school territory, we are striving to call on the school administration, together with students and teachers, to bring this project to life. Calculating the approximate cost of the project, its implementation will require at least 100 thousand rubles. The cost of a sports ground is on average from 60 to 80 thousand rubles, and the design of the school territory, as mentioned above, requires minimal material costs. Since it is planned to create flower beds and flower beds on the territory, the costs will be directed only to seedlings and seeds, and the design can be made from natural materials.
The purpose of the project Delimitation of zones of the school territory in order to create the most favorable environmental conditions and create conditions for rest and play for elementary school students.
The objectives of the project are to draw the attention of students to solving urgent problems of the school. - to form in students a sense of responsibility for the school, the ability to implement concrete steps to improve and improve the school and its territory.
To form in each participant of the pedagogical process an internal need for the protection and enhancement of natural resources, the creation and maintenance of beauty around him, the development of an aesthetic and emotional attitude to nature; - involvement of teachers, school students and parents in improving the aesthetic design of the school. - student education practical ways and methods of landscaping, introducing modern achievements in the field of landscape design;
Hypothesis To feel their importance, adulthood, their ability to do important, useful things, really see the results of their activities, bring joy to others, create beauty with their own hands, the work on the improvement of the territory of the school site will help the students of our school.
Do you think that the reconstruction of the school playground is necessary?
Do you agree that the sports ground will help improve your health?
Would you like to transform the school yard?
Would you like to participate in the transformation of the school grounds?
school plan
Thanks for attention!
Introduction
1. Purpose of the object
6. Features of landscaping
7. Territory balance
8. Landing list
Conclusion
Introduction
In recent years, there has been a positive trend integrated approach to the solution of landscape design of school institutions. The main task of landscape design is to organize the space in accordance with functional, environmental and aesthetic requirements, to create a bright artistic image and evoke positive emotions in those around you.
In our country, for school educational institutions, equipment is produced developed by specialists in the physical development of children in collaboration with hygienists, teachers, engineers, designers and architects.
A lot of useful and original can be seen today at educational institutions different regions our region and city. And this is a great merit of the city administration, which pays great attention to improving the improvement of both the city and the territories of educational institutions.
When solving the issues of planning and improvement of school institutions, much attention is paid to landscaping.
Green spaces affect the microclimate and are of great sanitary and hygienic importance, which is as follows:
they have a positive effect on temperature interior spaces;
directly protect the building of the school institution, gazebos, sheds and areas of the territory from excessive insolation;
protect from strong winds;
have a beneficial effect on the child's body as a whole and, in particular, on his nervous system;
make it possible to organize children's recreation directly on the territory of the school institution.
Vegetation can be used in architectural and planning solutions.
Using the example of a term paper, I would like to offer my options for landscaping and landscaping the territory of a school institution.
The purpose of this project is to develop a project for landscaping and beautification of the school territory in accordance with the design standards and rules, to meet the social and functional needs of children, their physical and mental development, while trying to preserve the landscape and natural integrity of the territory.
1. Purpose of the object
The object of improvement considered in this course work is the territory of a school located in the village of Maryina Roshcha, not far from Gelendzhik. The site is intended for physical education classes for students, conducting experiments in natural disciplines, holding school assemblies and events, as well as a place for students to relax during their free time from lessons. Therefore, on the site of the school, in addition to the main building, training and sports areas with appropriate equipment are usually placed. The list of structures and landscaping objects on the school site and their dimensions are given below:
In addition to the listed elements of the educational and sports zones, rest areas are placed among the ornamental plants on the school site. In some cases, when the size of the school site is insufficient, some elements of the zones have to be excluded.
The area of plots for schools corresponds to the capacity of the latter: if the school has a capacity of 640 places, it is allocated a plot of 2 hectares, 960 places - 2.8, 1280-3, 1600-3.4 hectares. In this course project, the area of \u200b\u200bthe entire site is the school is 1.8 hectares, the projected fragment of the territory is 7700 m2
One of the decisive factors of improvement are natural and climatic. These conditions determine the specifics of landscaping and special requirements for creating comfortable conditions for people's life.
According to climatic characteristics, Gelendzhik belongs to the zone of dry subtropics of the Mediterranean type. It is characterized by dry, hot summers and warm, wet winters. Since ancient times, the climate of the area was determined by the magnitude of the slope of the sun's rays above the earth's surface (clima in Greek means slope). In this regard, Gelendzhik is located in favorable conditions - between 44 and 45 degrees northern latitude. The Caucasus Mountains protect it from the northern cold air masses. The Black Sea softens the summer heat, and in winter, on the contrary, gives off the heat accumulated over the summer to the coast.
The average annual air temperature in Gelendzhik is +13.7, Kabardinka +12.9, on Thin Cape +13.3 degrees Celsius. On the plain, freezing temperatures in winter time occur most often at night and at the north-east. And temperatures below 10 degrees are extremely rare. Table 1 shows the average monthly temperatures (in degrees Celsius) in some settlements.
Table 1 - Average monthly temperature (in degrees Celsius
mesyatsyZaIIIIIIShIIVIVVVIVVIIVVShIIHHHHHIHHIIgodAnapa12,116,250,410,115,620,023,423,217,212,572,431,411,9Kabardinka33,127,750,410,115,720,224,323,519,515,395,851,812,6Tonky mys32,948,060,810,816,020,224,023,819,915,195,461,113,3Gelendzhik55,245,870,611,717,219,924,124,019,315,485,871,013,7Tuapse44,347,670,611,316,220,123,023,419,615,610,261,613,5Sochi-tsentr68,064,080,011,516,120,122,923,119,815,911,881,414,1
The duration of sunshine in Gelendzhik is 2374 hours per year with a maximum in July and August. On average, there are 250 sunny days. Cloudiness is small. In summer it is 30%.
The amount of precipitation in Gelendzhik does not exceed 796 mm per year, and on its northwestern outskirts, on Thin Cape - 598. In the coastal strip, with advancement to the southeast, the amount of precipitation increases to 1000 mm (Arkhipo-Osipovka). Moreover, precipitation everywhere falls unevenly throughout the year. Their maximum falls on November-February. Moreover, this precipitation falls mainly in the form of rain. Snow on the plain is rare and does not last long - from 1-2 hours to 2-3 days. In the summer, precipitation falls extremely irregularly and their duration is short. In some years, there may be no rain at all for several months. The average relative humidity reaches its highest value - 75% in May, in the summer months - only 62-69% (compare: in Sochi - 78%). This is an important element of the climate. The lower the relative humidity of the air, the easier the summer heat is tolerated. The spur of the Siberian anticyclone creates stable northeast winds over the Black Sea - the famous Black Sea north-east winds. They are strongest in winter. During the north-east, the wind speed can reach 40 m/sec, and the air temperature sometimes drops to 15 degrees below zero.
On the sea coasts, where there are river valleys, gorges, foehns are formed - warm, dry winds blowing from the mountains. Such winds usually operate in spring, sometimes in autumn and winter.
The soil on the territory of the projected object is sand and gravel.
More than half of the sandy soil consists of sand particles smaller than 5 mm in size, the shape of which is close to spherical. The space between individual grains of sand is called pores, they are filled with water and air. Unlike clay<#"center">2. Rationale for the choice of the designed solution
The main trend in the development of areas of secondary schools in the near future is a significant improvement in planning, equipping with universal types of lightweight modern equipment, landscaping and territory design.
The main requirement in creating the aesthetic appearance of the site is not an increase in objects, but a comprehensive design, i.e. creation of uniform equipment in style, aesthetic integrity of the environment.
When deciding on the architectural planning of the zone of the school educational institution, I chose a mixed style of landscape design, based on a combination of regular and landscape styles.
Of all the styles of landscaping, regular is rightfully considered the most conservative. The basic principle of a regular style in landscape design is order and regularity in everything. All lines are geometrically correct, its paths are usually straight, and if not, then the lines of their bends are drawn on the plan using a compass. This style is used where they want to emphasize the impact of man on nature, to bring a sense of order, rigor and solemnity into the composition.
As for the layout itself, it must be strictly geometric, where the building is the axis of symmetry. The main feature is its isolation from the surrounding nature, so the random arrangement of garden elements is unacceptable.
It is hard to imagine regular style landscape design without topiary figures. Many trees and shrubs (both deciduous and coniferous) lend themselves to topiary haircuts; Topiaries are given a variety of shapes (ball, cube, pyramid, cone, spiral).
From plants for regular gardens choose evergreen species that remain decorative throughout the year. Arches often twine vines and climbing plants<#"justify">landscaping microclimate school planting
3. Description of the road and path network
One of the most important elements of improvement is the covering of paths and grounds, as they play an important role in the decorative design of the landscaped area.
In this regard, when choosing the type of coating, in addition to taking into account such indicators as reliability in operation, ease of installation and sanitary and hygienic characteristics, it is necessary to pay attention to decorative properties pavement.
The road and path network in school institutions is basically not much different from the rest of the coverage of urban areas. The exception is children's playgrounds and sports facilities, where it is desirable to use a green lawn or new modern soft and environmentally friendly surfaces.
In this work, I used the following paving methods:
Paving on concrete. These are the most durable paths and platforms. This type of paving is used on the pavement around buildings and recreation areas, as well as on the site for school-wide events;
synthetic coatings used on sports fields;
gravel paths and playgrounds are usually arranged in places of recreation and walks. Such paving needs periodic repairs, adding gravel or screenings, however, due to the contrast of textures, gravel paths give the park a special charm. So that gravel or screenings do not crumble to the sides, do not fall on the lawn, in flower beds, in a pond, curbs can be installed.
The installation of borders gives the paving more strength, prevents the edges from breaking off. Large stones, special concrete curbs, wood. You can install curbs flush with the paving or higher. In the first case, they usually strive to give more strength to the edge, and in the second, to prevent the loose material from spilling.
The installation of borders is carried out before the start of paving.
Tiled coverings also provide the most interesting decorative solutions. Slabs can be concrete, cement, silicate, ceramic, natural stone and decorative mosaics. Tiled coatings are quite durable and easy to use. They make it easy to replace damaged slabs, shift them in case of subsidence of the base or repair of communications laid under the tracks. The device of such coatings is very simple, not laborious and does not require expensive machines and equipment.
Gravel paths are arranged using granite cuttings ( granite chips).
Sports grounds. The most promising are synthetic coatings, among which the most widespread are polymers - polyurethanes in the form of monoliths - recortan, tartan, sportan - and coatings based on solid rubbers in the form of plates - armand, discord.
These coatings are primarily elastic, have the properties of elastic oscillation, allow the runner to achieve great results with the same expended energy and at the same time have high performance properties: they react poorly to climatic conditions, are easily removed by mechanisms, and are not sensitive to the type of sports shoes.
This project uses tartan - a gray-green or brown coating, laid on an asphalt concrete base 10-12 cm thick.
4. Description of the small architectural form
Small architectural forms - in landscape design, it is customary to call small structures installed in gardens and parks for functional and aesthetic purposes. These include gazebos, trellises, pergolas, arches, benches, sculptures, bridges, lamps, fountains, flowerpots, etc. In this project, a bench is considered as a small architectural form.
Benches are used for short-term (without backrests) and long-term (with backrests) rest for visitors to the facility. They are distinguished by a wide variety of shapes and are made of various materials (metal, concrete, wood and stone). Benches used on the territory of the school site are benches for long rest.
Benches tend to do:
with one span 1.2 - 2 m long;
with two spans 3.5 - 4 m long.
The height of the benches is 40 cm. Wood is the most accessible material, it is easily processed and has a high thermal conductivity. With antiseptic and drying, the tree can be used for a long time and, most importantly, it is easily replaced in case of breakage.
For the backs and seats, wooden slats with rounded top edges and a convex surface are used, which contributes to the rapid discharge of atmospheric precipitation from the slats and the drying of the surface of the backs and seats. Wide boards and half-beams retain moisture on their surface longer and dry out more slowly.
Solidly executed, with a beautiful silhouette, painted in calm pleasant colors, the benches blend harmoniously with the surrounding landscape. The benches are painted in light colors of cream and beige with a matte surface. Wooden parts with a beautiful wood texture can be impregnated with hot drying oil and coated with waterproof varnish. The supports of standard benches are treated with hot bitumen, and the wooden seats and backs are treated with antiseptics.
Small architectural forms for recreation areas, gaming purposes - benches, tables, swings, carousels, booms, climbing walls, sandboxes, pyramids, creepers, rolling hills, etc. - are mass-produced.
5. Description of equipment used
When designing the landscaping of the yard area, we used the following types site equipment.
Garden furniture.
Canopies for adults , are installed at meeting points with children on the playground in different compositions - a line, a semicircle, a square, etc.
Rest benches are an integral part of landscape design. Used mainly in the design of walking areas, they have metal base. The seats for the benches are various conifers tree. The wooden parts of benches and benches are exposed antiseptic treatment and toned. After that, the benches are covered with several layers of a special varnish that is resistant to various mechanical and atmospheric influences.
Children's play complexes, playgrounds, various sports facilities - all this contributes to the proper development of children and health promotion.
All equipment is made of metal and has all the necessary certificates and conclusions. The special coating of sports gaming complexes provides an attractive appearance and resistance to mechanical and atmospheric influences.
Fireproof bins - principle of operation: The lid of the bin acts as a guaranteed high quality fire extinguisher, shutting off air in the event of a fire, thereby eliminating the flame. This reduces the risk of emergencies at the school site.
Flower girls, vases and various forms are grouped into picturesque compositions or located on the site strictly functionally.
street lighting
Street lighting is necessary for the full life of any settlements. And it is used not only for security purposes, but also for decorating individual architectural objects, as well as parks and squares. . The installation of lighting poles allows you to increase visibility on the roads at night. In addition, lighting poles form a peculiar appearance of the settlement, and also provide the necessary level of safety for both pedestrians and traffic. Lighting poles can be turned on in the evening either from the control room or manually.
As street lighting, special street lamps and lamps are installed. Street lamps are called lighting poles, made in the form of one form or another, on which light sources are placed. And street lamps are called special lighting devices that are used to illuminate roads, parks, squares, as well as special illumination of various landscape and architectural objects.
One of the most common types of lighting poles are street lamps, which are mounted in a special way on lighting poles or lighting poles. This type of lamps is considered one of the most reliable and efficient due to the fact that in this case the light comes from a certain height. And this means that it is able to cover a large area and is less prone to various mechanical damage. Lighting poles include a wide variety of street lighting poles, including metal poles lighting, multifaceted supports and others. Lighting poles are made of steel sheets with a thickness of three millimeters. The lighting column has a conical shape, which has six or eight faces. The height of lighting poles can reach four, six, eight and ten meters. At the bottom of the lighting column there is a special hatch with a lid, which allows you to install and operate the electrical switching device. In addition, at the bottom of the lighting pole there is always a flange with a diameter of 200 millimeters, which is designed for installation and fastening on a concrete foundation, as well as on similar devices and an underground part.
At the top, the outdoor lighting pole has a diameter of 62 mm. This part is designed to install brackets with fixtures. Steel structures street lamps are hot-dip galvanized. These brackets are made of a metal pipe, the wall thickness of which is three millimeters. Outside diameter such pipes - 48 millimeters.
Equipment sports grounds.
Sports grounds include: football field, volleyball, basketball, tennis, camps, gymnastics grounds.
The composition of the equipment of sports grounds depends on the facilities available for team sports. Thus, the equipment of a basketball court consists of racks (wooden or metal) with transparent boards made of hardboard measuring 1.8x1.2 m, on which metal rings with a diameter of 450 mm are fixed at a height of 3.05 m from the surface of the site. Shields should move away from the supports: for schoolchildren - by I.1.2 m; for adults - by 1.6.2.2 m. Metal or wooden supports are painted in White color.
The volleyball court is equipped with two round metal or wooden poles with a diameter of 100.120 mm with a rope and a net tightly stretched between them at a height of 2.1 m - for children; 2.2 m - for women: 2.5 m - for men. In addition, the site has a mobile judges' tower, a table for judges-informers and benches for participants.
Tennis court equipment includes:
-low supports made of pipes with a diameter of 100.120 mm, sunk into the ground (into glasses with cement mortar):
-"a mesh 12.8 m long, fixed on a rope stretched between supports at a height of 1.07 m - at the ends; 0.91 m - in the middle;
-a training wooden wall 3.2-3.5 m high and of any width.
To tension the rope, a “shoe” with a hook is installed in the center of the site, for which the mesh regulator is attached.
The football field will be equipped with goals with an internal dimension of 7.32x2.44 m, made of round posts with a diameter of 120 mm and painted white. At the corners of the field, corner flags-limiters are installed.
The gymnastic ground is equipped with a gymnastic town or an installation for hanging apparatus.
A fence that separates the site from neighboring ones and protects the site from wind and noise.
For the construction of such fences are used durable materials: brick, concrete blocks, stone. The minimum height of the fence is 1.5 m. To protect against precipitation, stone and concrete fences are covered with cornices from above. Massive fences will become a little more elegant if they are supplemented with arches and niches for flowers. From the side of the courtyard, benches of the same material are sometimes attached to the fences. Balls, flowerpots, containers with flowers or plates, the ends of which hang from all sides of the column, can be used as decoration for supporting posts.
Drinking fountains.
The fountain is designed for installation in standard water supply systems of schools and multi-stage cleaning drinking water through a filtration system and disinfection with an ozonator. After cleaning with ozone, the water is not inferior to spring water in taste and quality. Even if the permissible concentration of microorganisms that are usually harmful and hazardous to health is repeatedly exceeded, the system returns the water to its original purity, while all useful minerals are preserved in ozonized water, which is very convenient for installing and using such fountains in the school yard.
6. Features of landscaping
Proper landscaping of a general education school site is a factor in the aesthetic, mental, moral and physical education of children and adolescents.
When choosing plants, they take into account not only artistic, but also practical goals. So, alley (ordinary) plantings sometimes serve as protection from noise, wind, dust, snow, which will undoubtedly affect the selection of plant forms.
It has been established that when creating a green protective zone along the fence of a school institution, the wind speed is reduced by more than half, and the air temperature in the green zone is set below the city by 8-10 °.
Experts say that phytoncides (volatile protective substances) secreted by plants are able to kill pathogenic bacteria and purify the air (up to 70%) from dust.
A variety of trees and shrubs, the beauty of shapes, density and color of the crown allow you to create expressive landscaping compositions. Plantings: group, alley, single, bay window, row, chess, enclosing, labyrinth, etc. - enliven the site, allow you to better use the expressive qualities of trunks, crowns, foliage.
But planting trees and shrubs should not interfere with the insolation of the room (sunlight), and depending on the nature of the crown and the degree of foliage fall, they are planted at a distance of 5-10 m from the building. Before drawing up a landing drawing (dendroplan), you also need to find out where the electric and telephone cables, heating pipes and other communications pass. So, planting trees closer than 1.5 m from the water supply and sewerage and 2 m from other networks is not allowed. Shrubs are planted no closer than 2 m from the gas pipeline, 1 m from the heating system and 0.5 m from the electric cable.
Trees and shrubs such as maple, birch, linden, spruce, pine, poplar, ash, elm, bird cherry, larch, alder, chestnut, mountain ash, lilac, jasmine, spirea, cotoneaster, etc. In places where children play for a long time, it is recommended to plant trees with a dense crown - linden, maple, elm, etc.
In early spring And late autumn landscaping needs to be cleaned up. Maple, linden, poplar, elm, hawthorn, hornbeam, apple, willow, ash tolerate circumcision well, chestnut, birch, and walnut are bad.
When designing tree and shrub plantations, I observed the norms of planting between trees and from trees to the walls of buildings, structures, etc. The standards are given in table 2.
Table 2 - Distance from objects to plant axes
ObjectMinimum distance to the axis of a plant, mtree of shrubsExternal walls of buildings and structures51.5 Curb of sidewalks and garden paths0.70.5Edge of the carriageway, edges of reinforced lanes of roadsides or edges of ditches21Masts of lighting network supports, trams, columns, galleries and overpasses41Fences up to 2 m high21 Fences more than 2 m high 41 Soles of slopes, terraces, etc. 10.5 Soles or internal edges of retaining walls 31 Underground utilities: gas pipelines, sewerage 1.51 Heating networks (from the walls of the channel) 21 Water pipelines, drainage 2-Power cables and communication cables (from the outer wall of the pipe) 20, 7From underground utility networks protected by pipes (from the wall) 10.3
Small flower beds are also laid out on the site, but in such a way that the flowering of plants does not coincide. For example, tulips and daffodils begin to bloom in spring, peonies, carnations and delphiniums in early summer, then phloxes, gladiolus, dahlias, and until late autumn chrysanthemums, perennial asters, etc. These plants are perennial and require only top dressing, tillage and weed removal. The flowers on the school lawn are also selected for their continuous blooming.
First sown lawn grasses, then planted flowering plants. Perennials require cutting.
Color design is simply necessary when landscaping school institutions, but even here it is necessary to approach the selection with all caution.
Lawn coverings of group and sports grounds, sown with stable grass mixtures in combination with annual and perennial plants in a common flower garden, in flower beds and rabatka group sites, play an important role in landscaping the site.
The aesthetic appearance of the lawn is maintained by periodically mowing the grass, but it is also good to leave islands of tall-grass landscaping with field vegetation. The most widely used various types lawn gardening, combined with flower beds, rabatka, oases with water, sand, pebbles, etc.
The floral and woody design of the school site is fully consistent with the style I have chosen.
Planting is carried out in the morning. With a scoop, they dig holes of the right size so that the roots of the plants do not bend during planting, and the seedlings are planted a little deeper than the root collar. The distance between plants depends on their size. Flower beds are watered in the evening after 17 hours or in the morning. Flower beds from carpet plants are watered more often, up to 40-50 times per season. in dry and hot weather in the evening between waterings, a refreshing watering or spraying is carried out. To create a rose garden, a rose of two types is used. Californian on the sides, because it has almost no thorns, the flowers are not large, pink. Far Eastern in the middle, it is more prickly with red big flowers.
Tulip - varieties from the group of Darwin hybrids are especially good for decorating gardens and parks. They look elegant against the background of a lawn or shrubs, in flower beds.
For planting, it is better to take the bulbs of the first and second parsing, blooming the next year.
The most attractive are small groups of the same variety. Since the varieties bloom non-simultaneously, the height of the plants and the color of their flowers are different, it is not advisable to mix them.
In flower beds, tulips are grown in one place for 2-3 years. So that the site does not lose its decorative appearance after flowering, annual and perennial plants grown in pots are planted between rows.
Viola (violet, pansy) is a member of the violet family. A plant 20 - 25 cm high with large flowers of different shapes and colors. Varieties of large-flowered garden viola are complex hybrids.
So, tricolor violet (viola tricolor) appeared as a result of many years breeding work professionals and amateur florists.
It is believed that simple pansies came to the garden from England. Their progenitors are wild violets (viola tricolor and lutea). Although flower growers have long known these wild flowers well, the first serious attempts to cultivate them were made only at the beginning.
Caring for plants in a flower arrangement consists in regular watering, weeding and loosening the soil. In order not to develop fruits, all faded flowers are removed, otherwise flowering will stop.
For viola allocate sunny places. In partial shade, it blooms longer, but the flowers are smaller and paler. In the summer after flowering, it is replaced by others. annual plants. In our country, the following varieties are most often grown: Forbote (flowers white and blue), Zurich See (blue), Bergwacht (dark purple), Himmels Koenige (light blue), Gold Crown, Abendglut (reddish brown). These varieties bloom early in spring.
Brief description of climatic subregions. Trees and shrubs. Lawns and flower beds. Spring plantingAutumn plantingBeginning of sowingEnd of sowingClimatic subregion with an average monthly temperature of January - 15 0C and above July from +25 0C and above. MarchOctober - November1st decade of March1st decade of November
7. Territory balance
Since school grounds are restricted areas, and since these areas occupy a significant part of the territory of the microdistrict, they have great importance in common system landscaping of the neighborhood.
Zoning of the territory of the school site provides for the organization of group and sports grounds, a meteorological site, a utility yard, etc.
On the basis of the master plan, calculations were made, on the basis of which the balance of the territory was compiled, presented in Table 4.
Table 4 - Balance of the territory of the site
Name of elementsAreaNumber of elements per 1 ha. landscaping Note. m 2%of the total area Buildings and structures203026,42030School building and workshopCarriageways, m. ) paving made of concrete, slabs 25*25 cm. a) bench - 810b) urn - 68Area under plantations, m 2including: 3773.750-10000 a) under trees145018.8-1883-b) under bushes2353.1_305-c) under flower beds87.51.1_113-d) under lawns2001.226_2598-And that: 7700100---
Thus, the percentage of landscaping of the site is 50%, which is slightly lower than the norm of landscaping for the southern region, therefore, in the future, it is planned to increase the area of landscaping through the use of stationary garden flowerpots on recreation areas and on the site for events. Plantations with paths, areas for recreation and games occupy more than 70 % total area. Since the proportion of plantings equal to 75% of the total area of the site is recognized as reasonable, and in this project it is 74%, the distribution of the territory complies with the standards.
8. Landing list
The planting list contains information about trees, shrubs (name, plant height at the time of planting, number) and flower beds (their area and composition) designed for planting.
The planting list of plants used in the design is presented in table 5.
Table 5 - Landing List
Changing the breed and species of spaces from the TRAST, Poll., Square1Clene ostolist107s Komom 1.3x1,3х0.65 M2BERES Warf 1035С Komom 1.3x1,3х0.65 M3lip Meltsolite 1030s Komom 1.3x1,3х0.65 M4SPA Krymskaya1075Sashit Common 338Sholes6Shis m8Viola-345With a clod 0.1x0.1x0.15 m9Petunia hybrid-560With a clod 0.1x0.1x0.15 m10Lawn - sowing
Conclusion
Designing a general education school site is a long and painstaking work. In my course project, I tried to take into account all the goals and objectives of creating a green zone, taking into account the natural and climatic conditions, the needs of the population, the functionality and diversity of the object, as well as aesthetic appeal. At the same time, special attention was paid to the issue of preserving the existing landscape and vegetation.
In my opinion, the main task of a landscape architect is to harmoniously combine nature with the activities of human hands. Without destroying the green island she has already created, to be able to transform it into something beautiful, capable of serving the good and pleasing to the eye, but the issue of gardening must be approached very seriously.
The appearance of the school site should be thought out to the smallest detail even before the completion of the project of the building itself, based on the experience and mistakes of previous layouts, and is largely determined by its relationship with the building, the surrounding landscape, but most importantly - the layout and appearance of architectural structures, small forms and landscaping.
Having learned a lot about the design and improvement of a school institution, I realized how important it is for the health of our children, our future, for their physical and mental development.
Architects must create a beautiful and durable house, and the task of landscapers is to enclose and create comfort, to create as many corners of nature as possible.
I am very pleased that now the administration of Novorossiysk pays great attention to landscaping and beautification of streets, courtyards, school grounds and city parks.
Bibliography
1.GOST 21.204-93* SPDS. Conditional graphic symbols and images of elements master plans and transport facilities
2.GOST 21.508-93* SPDS. Rules for the implementation of working drawings of master plans for enterprises, structures and civil housing facilities
.GOST 21.101-97* SPDS. Basic requirements for design and working documentation
.SNiP 23-01-99* Building climatology
.SNiP 2.07.01-89* Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements
.Garnisonenko T.S. Handbook of the modern landscape designer. - Rn / D: Phoenix, 2005. - 315 p.
.Kaznov S.D. Kaznov S.S. landscaping residential areas urban areas. - M.: Izd-vo ASV, 2009. - 216 p.
.Krizhanovskaya N.Ya. Fundamentals of landscape design / N.Ya. Krizhanovskaya. - Rostov n / a: Phoenix, 2005. - 204 p.
.Sycheva A.V. Landscape architecture: Proc. allowance for universities / A.V. Sychev - 2nd ed., corrected. - M.: OOO "Publishing house "ONIX 21st century", 2004. - 85 p.
.Teodoronsky V.S. Construction and operation of objects of landscape architecture: a textbook for students. higher textbook establishments. - 2nd ed., erased. - M.: Publishing center "Academy", 2007. - 285 p.
Municipal state educational institution secondary school of the village of Svetlopolyansk, Verkhnekamsky district, Kirov region
District stage of the regional competition
"Beautiful school-2016"
A caring gardener strengthens the root,
on the power of which the life of a plant depends
for several decades,
So the teacher should take care of education
their children have feelings of boundless love for the Motherland.
V.A. Sukhomlinsky
Project coordinators:
Kandakova Elena Alexandrovna
technology and art teacher
MKOU secondary school Svetlopolyansk
Tarasova Tatyana Nikolaevna
director of MKOU secondary school
Svetlopolyansk
Svetlopolyansk, 2016
Content
Justification of the project……………………………………………………3
The relevance of the project topic………………………………………………..3
Project addressing……………………………………………………….4
Goals and objectives of the project………………………………………………………5
Project participants………………………………………………………..6
Project implementation period………………………………………………...6
Practical significance………………………………………………...6
Collection and analysis of information…………………………………………………6
Project resources………………………………………………………….10
Project Implementation Stages………………………………………………..11
Project Implementation Schedule…………………………………………....12
Expected result………………………………………………..…14
Project implementation:
13.1. Security module…………………………………………..14
13.2. Module "Landscaping and landscaping of the school
territory………………………………………………………....15
13.3.Memory module………………………………………………..…19
13.4. Module "Children's Town"…………………………………….... 21
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the project implementation………………….……. 22
Prospects for the implementation of the project………………………………….…23
1. Justification of the project
The peculiarity of the location of the school is that it is located in the central part of the village at the intersection of two streets st. New and st. Dzerzhinsky, the state of the school territory is always in the field of view of residents. The building was commissioned in 1975. It is located 9 km from the district center of Kirs, with which it is connected by road and rail.
total area land plot school territory - 3810sq.m.;total area under the building - 1755.8sq.m.
There are three zones on the school territory;
sports complex: paved Treadmills, gymnastic town, obstacle course, playgrounds, football field, basketball court, hockey box.
a school plot where students grow root crops: potatoes, carrots, beets.
flower beds and clubs.
On the territory of the school territory there is a forest zone, consisting of tree species: pine, birch, aspen, mountain ash, shrubs and a wetland.
The school staff is constantly working to educate students and their parents in respect for their locality, the development of aesthetic taste and the ability to appreciate beauty. Therefore, a system of moral and labor education of students has developed in the MKOU secondary school in Svetlopolyansk, an important part of which is instilling in students a love for nature and work. The educational system makes it possible to successfully solve the problems of teaching schoolchildren various labor skills and abilities, to enrich them with new knowledge about plants and the technology of their cultivation.
2. The relevance of the project topic:
“It is known that the feeling of the Motherland in every citizen is commensurate with his personal creative contribution to the common cause, hence it is easy to explain the patriotism of a true worker ...” L. Leonov.
At present, people began to pay more attention to the improvement of the surrounding world, the social environment, objects of social significance: their place of work, educational institution, territory adjacent to the house, creating interesting "corners of joy" to cheer up.
The homeland in the minds of each of us is something deep, laid down by our parents, teachers and the world around us. As A.I. Kuprin “Motherland is the first tested caress, the first conscious thought that dawned on the head, it is the smell of the air of trees, flowers and fields ... These are consistent impressions of life, childhood, adolescence, youth and maturity ...”
Most the child spends time on the territory of the school, and it is she who remains in the memory of each of us as a small warm "island of childhood" to which we want to return.
And for us teachers, the problem of improving the school territory always remains relevant. Starting from the first rays of the sun in spring, we begin to analyze the state of the school territory and make plans future work for the improvement of our native corner - the school yard.
All participants in the educational process are involved in solving this problem, which contributes to the formation of a single friendly team of teachers, students, and parents.
It is not easy to teach a person to think not only about himself, but also about the world around him. The improvement of the school territory allows teenagers to feel their importance, grow up, feel their ability to do important useful things, really see the results of their activities, bring joy to themselves and others, create beauty. The school is our common home, which we love and want to see beautiful.
The world that we create together contributes to the education of children's aesthetic taste, a sense of beauty. Forms an ecological culture of students. Indeed, “the goal of any education should be the creation of an active personality in the best ideals of social life, in the ideals of love, goodness and beauty” V.M. Bekhterev.
3. Project addressing:
Landscaping is especially important, since the territory of the school is an aesthetic, cultural, leisure, sports center of our village.
Exploring the school groundsnoted that some areas of our school yard do not look aesthetically pleasing: the front flower beds, near which wild rose grows, need to be updated with new perennials, the flower garden where poplars and acacias grow has a desert look. In the garden, bushes of wild rose, hawthorn, and shadberry have grown and turned into thickets. There is room for other landings. The area in front of the school requires improvement through the construction of various children's facilities.
After analyzing the amount of work, the opinion of the survey participants, we came to the conclusion that it is necessary to carry out a number of measures to improve the school territory through the joint efforts of teachers, children, parents and the public.
4. Goals and objectives of the project :
Target: creation of favorable conditions for emotional and physical recreation and development of children through the organization and implementation of activities for the improvement of the school territory.
Project objectives:
determination of zones of the school territory in order to create the most favorable environmental situation, improve the sanitary and hygienic regime on the territory of the school;
creating a comfortable environment for students, improving the environmentally attractive space near the school;
education of diligence, love for one's school, respect for nature;
development of students' creative abilities to practical activities in the field of landscape design.
development of forms of interdepartmental interaction, cooperation with the parent community and all interested organizations, institutions for the improvement of the school territory.
To achieve the goal and solve the tasks set, it is necessary:
to draw the attention of students to solving urgent problems of the school for the improvement of the school territory;
study the requirements of an educational institution, literature on the improvement of the design of the territory;
create creative teams to develop the project;
conduct a sociological survey among students, school employees, parents to identify proposals for the improvement of the school territory;
analyze available resources, attract sponsors;
develop and implement a plan for landscaping and beautification of the school territory;
evaluate the degree of project implementation and determine prospects.
The initiators and organizers of the project are the Council of High School Students
5. Project participants:
School students, school graduates, teaching staff, parental community, village administration, interested institutions and organizations and those who are not indifferent to the problems of the school.
6. Project implementation period: 3 years (2014-2016)
The work to improve the school grounds is not over. The team of teachers and students, parents have a lot of suggestions and ideas for future work.
7. Practical significance:
public involvement in the significance of the project;
definition of zones of the school territory;
improvement of the surrounding landscape of the school territory,
creation of favorable conditions for the development and recreation of children.
8. Collection and analysis of information:
Collection of information on the problem.
At the Council of Students (Activists, School Volunteers) discussed the issue of improving the school territory. Three groups have been created:
Analysts:
Conducted a sociological survey among students, school staff, parents and the population of the village on the following issues:
Designers:
They proposed to develop sketches of design compositions for playgrounds, flower beds and a scheme for placing them on the school territory in accordance with the means and capabilities of the school.
Experts:
We analyzed the state of affairs on the territory of the school, discussed with the school administration the issues of landscaping the territory and found out what tools and materials the school has and what needs to be purchased with the help of sponsors, people who are not indifferent to the problem of the school. Appointed responsible for the implementation of activities.
Analysis of a sociological survey and questioning
All questionnaires were filled in by the respondents themselves in our presence. If necessary, they received our clarifications. 250 respondents took part in the sociological survey.
Question number 1. Do you think the school grounds should be improved?
80% of the respondents answered: “Yes, the school and the school territory are not only located in the center of the village, but are also a center of worship and recreation. Therefore, the territory needs to be landscaped”;
Question number 2. What do you think should be done on school grounds?
63% of respondents would like to create flower beds with perennials, which would be located near the facade of the school and create interesting compositions in flower beds where poplars grow using elements of landscape design, as well as to renew the fence around the school.
35% - to equip recreation areas and playgrounds for children of different ages so that they can be used in different time years, and for adults to renew the benches;
2% - proposed to create an alley of memory.
The 11th grade students decided that every year our graduates would lay an alley or plant flower beds in memory of graduates on the school grounds.
Question number 3. Would you like to take part in the project, how can you help?
The majority of respondents (85%) are ready to take part in the improvement of the school territory.
Output:
The majority of respondents consider the problem of improving the school yard to be urgent and are ready to take part in its renewal.
Analysis of the state of affairs on the territory of the school, interaction with the public.
At the council of high school students, the principal of the school described the financial situation of the school.explainedWhat funds can be used to improve the school grounds.
This was not enough. We decided to ask for help from our parents, residents of the village,invitesponsors, given that during the survey, many offered their help.
DOK "Kamsky" offered lumber for the construction of a children's town, flower beds.
LLC GZDoffered to help with paint.
Parents on parentalmeetings offered to helpflowers perennials, seedlings of flowers.
The project includes work in the following areas:
Security module (repair of the school fence and landscaping, repair of the gate, restoration of lighting on the school territory) .
Module "Children's Town" (equipment of a children's play complex for organizing walks junior schoolchildren, middle school students and children of the village, renovation of a sports facility).
(actions for cleaning the territory of the "Clean Yard" school, developing the design of flower beds, flower beds using perennial and annual flowers, landscaping the garden and planting new trees, planting, caring for and harvesting vegetables in the school's educational and experimental area).
Memory module ( action "Gardens of Victory",Alley "Victory" at the initiative of the administration of the Verkhnekamsky district was planted - lilac.
For the 70th anniversary of the Victory, the design of the facade of the school: the action "Dove of Peace"
Work in the flower beds "March of Red Carnations", "Flowers to the Winner", "Wild Flowers", "Daisies to the Veteran"
9. Project funds:
Ramp equipment on the central porch.Lighting above the front porch.
Repair of the fence around the perimeter of the school.
Installation of a gate at the entrance of the school.
(funds from the collection of waste paper and scrap metal collection, help from sponsors)
Repair of gates (three pieces around the perimeter of the school)
Porch repair, drain equipment above the front porch.
(funds from the collection of waste paper and the collection of scrap metal)
Module "Landscaping and landscaping of the school territory"
Cleaning the territory from weeds and roots in the garden with poplars for new flower beds.
Breakdown of new flower beds in the flower garden.
Making and installing flower beds from old wheels.
Promotion "Gardens of Victory" (planting apple trees)
Campaign "Clean yard" in spring and autumn.
(transport-assistance to the village administration)
Making and laying out new flower beds at the entrance of the school, landscaping the rabatka at the school.
Work in the forest zone (remove undergrowth, fencing anthills)
Promotion "Victory Alley" (lilac)
"Red Carnation March"
"Flowers for the Winner"
(help from sponsors, parents)
Campaign "Clean yard" in spring and autumn
(transport-assistance to the village administration)
Renewal of flower beds with perennial seedlings of annuals.
Action "Wildflowers",
Campaign "Daisies to the Veteran"
(help from sponsors, parents)
Module "Children's Town"
Production of equipment for a children's playground, slides, hockey box
Renovation of the painting of the children's town;
Setting up an obstacle course.
(funds from the collection of waste paper, collection of scrap metal, help from sponsors)
Repair of benches near the school;
Swing installation
Renovation of the painting of children's facilities.
(funds from the collection of waste paper, collection of scrap metal, help from sponsors)
10. Stages of project implementation:
p/p
Direction of activity
Name of events
Deadlines
Preparatory stage
Definition of goals and objectives of the project.
Project development.
creation of a working group to develop the project;
conducting research on the improvement problem.
approval of the project at a meeting of the School Council;
preparation of design estimates for individual project modules;
2014 -2015 school. year
Basic
Project implementation.
holding a school competition of projects for the improvement of the school territory;
disbursement of borrowed funds for individual modules of the project;
joint labor activity of students and teaching staff for improvement;
the formation of new flower beds;
growing seedlings and planting plants.
development of the design of the children's town
development of the composition of the playground with the placement of a children's town on it, an obstacle course and a swing.
70th Anniversary of the Victory School Facade Decoration: Dove of Peace Campaign
work in the flower beds "March of Red Carnations", "Flowers to the Winner", "Wild Flowers", "Daisies to the Veteran"
action "Gardens of Victory", "Alley of Victory»
a gift from school graduates (flower beds, perennials, seedlings)
2014, 2015, 2016
Final
Comparison of actual results with expected ones.
summing up the results of the implementation of activities for each module;
making a decision on the action of the project, its individual directions;
meeting of the working group of the project.
2016
11. Project implementation schedule: -head teacher,Cl. leaders;
volunteers.
2014-2015 academic year year
Conducting research on the improvement problem
Technology teacher, senior council, volunteers.
year 2014
Preparation of design estimates for individual modules of the project;
analysis of the results of the 1st stage of the project
Head teacher.
Working group.
main stage
2015
2016
Security module
Partial repair of the school fence,
gate repair,
School Principal, Deputy housekeeping director parts, labor teams of students.
year 2014
year 2014
2016
2016
2015
2015-2016
Module "Children's Town"
Hockey rink repair, sports equipment renewal.
Installation of a children's sports town for organizing walks for junior schoolchildren and middle-level students;
Repair and painting of benches
swing equipment
Development of an obstacle course
Renovation of the painting of the buildings of the children's town.
Building maintenance worker, deputy housekeeper parts, labor teams of students
2014-2016
Module "Landscaping and landscaping of the school territory"
Labor landing for cleaning the school grounds, the action "Clean Yard" 2 times a year (spring and autumn)
Class teachers and students
2014-2016
2014-2016
2014-2016
2014-2016
2015
2014-2016
2014-2016
2015-2016
Improvement of the garden: pruning of bushes, formation of bushes.
Improvement of the flower garden, digging the earth, laying out new flower beds
Delivery of soil, laying out new flower beds and planting seedlings of flowers near the facade of the school
Care of planted flower crops during the summer
Action "Gardens of Victory" planting of seedlings of apple trees in memory of the participants of the Second World War.
Action "Gift of graduates to school"
Work at the school's educational and experimental site: planting, care and harvesting.
Participation in competitions for the design of educational institutions for the holidays: for the new year (building a snowy town on the school grounds, decorating windows with fabulous compositions), for Victory Day.
Biology teacher Pleteneva O.V.
Teachers of Technology Council Art., class. tutors, volunteers, work teams of students
students of the school in grades 5-6, volunteers
admin. schools, 11th grade students, class hands
Cl. hands 11 classes
Cl. hands, parents and students of grade 7
Technology teacher Kandakova E.A., class leaders, volunteers, students, parents
May 2016
Analysis of the results of the 2nd stage of the project
Working group
The final stage
July
2016
Summing up the results of the implementation of activities for each module;
Deciding on the action of the project, its individual directions.
Working group
12. Expected result:
Improving the environmental situation and the sanitary and hygienic condition of the school territory,creation of a place of rest and communication for schoolchildren in their free time from lessons.
Creation of conditions for emotional and physical comfort and development of children,joint pastime, contributing to the spiritual rapprochement of children and adults, the birth of common interests and hobbiesthrough the attraction of extrabudgetary funds. Increasing the competitiveness of the school.
Attracting the attention of residents of the microdistrict to the problems of landscaping and landscaping, maintaining environmental safety at the place of residence.
Renovation of school sports equipment on school grounds,introduction to a healthy lifestyle as an important component of ecological culture;
An integrated approach to the education of citizenship, patriotism, environmental culture, labor education.
13. Project implementation:
First stepto the improvement of the school territory is garbage collection.
Labor landing "Clean Yard" the school is held every spring and autumn to maintain cleanliness. Each class with class teachers cleans its own area assigned by the council of high school students.
Implementation of the project by modules:
13.1. Module "Security":
The fence around the school grounds was repaired, the gate was put up and painted.
Updated the painting of the fence around the front flower garden.
13.2. Module "Landscaping and landscaping of the school territory":
Tell me and I will forget
show me and I will remember
involve me and I will learn and pass on to others.
(Chinese wisdom)
The modern school is focused on ensuring that the child receives not only theoretical knowledge, but also directly practical skills. Therefore, what the student learns during the design and implementation will be useful to him in life. Biology lessons and technology lessons are used to work on landscaping the school. Children, when participating in planting, learn about the characteristics of plants and the rules for caring for them directly on the spot.
The Council of High School Students, together with the parent committee of the school, made a decision to work out the practice of students during the summer holidays on the improvement of the school territory.Order No. 85a dated September 17, 2014 "Regulations on the involvement of students in work not provided for by the educational program" (clause 1.11).
At the council of high school students, work was distributed to all students in grades 5-11.
5 classes6th grade
Work on the front flower bed
(garbage collection, loosening, planting, plants); Watering and weeding;
Classroom teacher
Biology teacher
7th grade
Work on the school plot, Planting root crops
(plowing, planting, care and cleaning);
class teacher, parents
8th grade
Development of land in a flower garden, design of flower beds, their painting;
Classroom teacher, technology teacher,
9th grade
Pruning and shaping shrubs in the garden;
Classroom teacher
Grade 10
Formation of large trees, pruning of excess branches, garbage disposal;
Classroom teacher
Deputy for household parts
Grade 11
A gift to the school (new flower beds, memory alley or perennials)
class teacher parents
Land preparation inflower gardenfor flower beds.
On flowerbeds - slides are placed annual flowers seedlings, which are grown by the school, parents (marigolds, snapdragons, petunias, esholzia, calendula and others).
Along the edges are flowerbeds with perennials brought by the villagers (irises, daffodils, lilies, peonies,oxalis). Grade 11, as a keepsake for the school, made and installed a flower bed-steam locomotive, planted perennials.
Grade 8 designed and painted boxes for flower beds.
Grades 5-6 laid a film on the bottom of the flower beds, put foliage, and then land from the school site and planted seedlings of flowers (marigolds).
Every year in the spring, front flower beds are installed, and in the fall they are freed from the ground and cleaned in the school barn for the next year.In the summer, work teams of schoolchildren take care of the flower beds.
A front flower bed with perennial flowers (narcissus, evening primrose, daylily,sour, oktyabrinka, phlox). 
Perennials (bellflowers, daffodils, irises, balan, evening primrose, daylilies, etc.) were also planted in the front flowerbed, where wild rose grows, along the edges of annuals (escholtia, kosmeya, calendula, nasturtium).
Joint work contributes to the transfer of practical skills in the garden from parents to children. The class spends the proceeds on their own needs (hiking, trips, tea parties). The school has been practicing this kind of work for a long time.
The landscaping of the garden and the formation where wild rose, shadberry, hawthorn grow in the spring are grade 9. Together with the biology teacher and the class teacher. Students also acquire the knowledge and skills to work with pruners to correct formation bush.
Picked berries wild rose, shadberry and hawthorn are used to make tea in the school cafeteria.
13.3. Memory module:
In 2015, in the spring, our school heldactions dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.
A work plan has been developed to organize this action.
Work in flower beds
5 classes6th grade
"Red Carnation March"
Classroom teacher
7th grade
"Flowers for the Winner"
Classroom teacher,
8th grade
"Wildflowers"
Classroom teacher,
9th grade
Action "Daisies to the Veteran"
Classroom teacher
Grade 10
action "Victory Alley"
Classroom teacher
Grade 11
action "Gardens of Victory"
Classroom teacher
The Victory Gardens action is a living memory of those who defended land and freedom for us in their homeland.
A solemn line was organized dedicated to the memory of the participants of the Great Patriotic War with a minute of silence. Students, together with representatives of the regional administration from Oleg Valenchuk, representatives of the district administration and the school, planted 10 seedlings of apple trees in memory of the participants in the Second World War.
Action "Victory Alley" at the initiative of the administration of the Verkhnekamsky district planted - lilac, acacia.
For the 70th anniversary of the Victory, the design of the facade of the schoolaction "Dove of Peace".
13.4. Module "Children's Town"
At the council of high school students, they considered the problem of improving the territory of the school, took into account all the wishes of the respondents and decided to develop a layout for the children's town.
Layout of sports facilities and children's playground
The hockey rink was repaired with the funds earned from collecting waste paper and scrap metal. In winter, schoolchildren and residents of the village go skating, and in summer they play football. The school encourages students to lead a healthy lifestyle through various sports events: Health Day, Zarnitsa, tourist competitions and other competitions in various types sports. Therefore, all sports facilities are necessary.
A project was also developed to create a children's town. With the help of high school students, a locksmith, a deputy for economic affairs and a labor teacher, children's slides and an obstacle course were built.
Swings have been installed, sports facilities have been restored.
The basketball court has been restored.
14. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the project implementation:
Project implementation efficiencywill be determined by the following indicators:
Preservation of the contingent of students, the influx of children
from other educational institutions.
Increasing the number of children and adults vacationing on school grounds during all seasons of the year.
Reducing the incidence among students and teachers.
Increasing the satisfaction of students, their parents (legal representatives), teachers with the quality of the health-saving and comfortable environment of the school territory.
The active position of the student community in preserving and further improving the appearance of the school territory.
Prospects for the implementation of the project:
Further improvement of the school territory: holding actions, “Gift to the school from graduates”, organization of subbotniks.
Laying out new flower beds on the school grounds;
Portable car park equipment;
Landscaping of the forest area on the territory of the school.
Making garden sculptures from improvised material.
City children have little contact with nature, their life is practically not connected with the flora and fauna in any way. For the most part, they know the names of only the most famous trees and flowers: birch, oak, spruce, rose, chamomile. This is embarrassingly small!
To determine in practice the types of plants, to know and be able to use their useful properties, to understand the relationship between the flora and fauna, to observe nature - there is almost nowhere to do this in a metropolis. The development of computers, multimedia, the displacement of outdoor games by virtual ones has led to the fact that children do not receive a whole layer of knowledge about the world around them.
Purposeful environmental education of the younger generation will help to fill the gaps. For this, theory is not enough, a practical basis is needed. It is easiest to create it on the territory of a children's institution. This means that when landscaping is carried out on the school territory, it must be borne in mind that in addition to being decorative, it must perform educational functions.
Landscaping the territory of a kindergarten or school has its own specifics. Where there are children, poisonous plants, as well as plants that emit a lot of essential oils, which can cause allergic or allergic reactions, should not be used. skin diseases. Thorns, thorns, inedible fruits are dangerous. It is important that the work is carried out in strict accordance with SanPiN.
The site should be beautiful in winter and summer, so special importance is given to coniferous trees. Fluffy Christmas trees have another purpose: you can decorate your favorite winter tree with your children for the New Year, then dance, meet Santa Claus. If the children helped make toys, then the Christmas tree will become the center of winter entertainment, an occasion for competitions (on the best decoration or drawing).
When planning the landscape, it is necessary to create an alternation of shady and sunny areas, to provide “ventilation”, avoiding too close planting of plants. What plants can grow on the territory of a children's institution? First of all, these are conifers: spruce, pine - they look great all year round, juniper - lends itself perfectly to modeling. Unpretentious, decorative types feel good in the urban environment:
- snowberry;
- some types of mock orange;
- spirea;
- lilac;
- acacia,
- thuja, juniper.
One of the functions of green spaces is protective. Rows of shrubs shield the yard from the dust of the surrounding streets and contribute to a calm environment. A hedge at the same time will become an ornament if you skillfully trim the shrubs. Today it is fashionable to turn trees and bushes into funny animals, but a landscape designer must correctly model such figures and harmoniously “fit” them into the space.
It all starts in kindergarten
As early as the end of the twentieth century, the first attempts were made to create experimental environmental laboratories on the basis of a kindergarten. Children, under the guidance of adults, took care of plants and animals, watched them in their natural environment. They made a “corner of the forest” on the territory, where they tried to recreate a piece of the forest landscape with plants characteristic of this region (the experiment was conducted in Moscow).
The best ideas lie on the surface. Children enthusiastically take part in planting a garden and rejoice at the “forest clearing” created right on the territory. Some educators are creative in their creation. The garden helps to learn the alphabet, if you look at the beds and remember the letters that begin the names of vegetables. A forest clearing where primroses appear in spring (carefully planted in autumn) is an occasion to talk about the change of seasons.
Thoughtful landscaping of a kindergarten is necessary for educating children in respect for nature. The gardening plan for the kindergarten is developed taking into account the requirements of the legislation and sanitary norms. The best result is obtained if planting is thought out simultaneously with the design and design of verandas, the choice of equipment for playgrounds.
Organization of a school site
The original landscaping of the school territory with the division of the site into zones allows for some lessons and practical work on biology, natural history and the world around them right in the open air. Here scientists come to the aid of the school. As part of the cooperation between Moscow State University and schools, a schoolyard landscaping project was developed, which recommends allocating zones on the "green" territory:
- food plants.
- Green pharmacy.
- Useful plants (having properties used for the production of dyes, oils, etc.).
- Plants characteristic of the area.
- Mini pond for aquatic plants.
- Flower beds (flower beds of different sizes and shapes, flowerpots).
- Traditional crops that were grown in the area before.
- An experimental field that offers unlimited possibilities for the project activities of entire classes.
Classes that include observing and caring for plants clearly show the relationship between man and nature, develop meta-subject skills, and consolidate theoretical knowledge. The design of individual sections is an occasion for the manifestation of the creative imagination of schoolchildren and the embodiment of any ideas.
Landscaping of the school site plays an important role in dividing the yard into functional areas. If space permits, then the entrance can be decorated classically - an alley of trees. The sports complex is visually separated from the rest of the territory; Their flowering should begin before graduation. May is the time of bulbs: tulips, crocuses, daffodils, irises. Take care of their planting in the fall. It should be remembered that the grass also needs sun and care, and if these conditions cannot be provided, it is better to replace it with a special coating.
Unfortunately, not all school yards can boast that a landscape architect worked on them, but unusual “green” objects and small architectural forms are increasingly appearing, causing a smile, making children proud of their school. It turns out that the landscaping of the school yard is the beginning of the education not only of environmental literacy, but also of love for “ small homeland", patriotism.
Relevance of the topic
The priority of moral education today is recognized by our civil society.
Everything in the school should be permeated with the desire for beauty, therefore, at present, much attention is paid to the improvement of cities and villages, territories adjacent to educational institutions. We need to learn to feel, understand, appreciate and, most importantly, create beauty. Everything must be done so that the very premises of the school, its territory are attractive, somewhat magical.
Landscaping and landscaping of the school area plays an important sanitary-hygienic and educational role.
The implementation of this project helped to solve an important problem: the lack of a single, compositionally built, aesthetically designed space of the school territory.
The school is a cultural center. The child spends half of his day at school. Naturally, what surrounds him is important for his further personal development. Seeing daily well-groomed beautiful, always blooming flower beds, the child will not only receive positive emotions, but also learn to protect beauty, create it with his own hands.
In addition to the aesthetic function, the practical function is very important. The modern school is focused on ensuring that the child receives not only theoretical knowledge, but also directly practical skills. Therefore, what the student learns during the design and implementation will be useful to him in the future.
The peculiarity of the location of our educational institution is that it is located in the center of the village. Therefore, the condition of the school territory is always in the field of view of fellow villagers. This imposes on the team a great responsibility to educate students, their parents and villagers in respect for the wealth of the region, aesthetic taste and the ability to appreciate beauty. In the municipal educational institution "Laptevskaya NOSH" a system of moral education of students has developed, an important part of which is instilling in students a love for nature and work. The system allows successfully solving the problems of teaching schoolchildren various labor skills and abilities, enriching them with new knowledge about plants and the technology of their cultivation.
The action of improvement and gardening traditionally takes place at the school every year in four stages from February to October. It involves teachers and students in grades 1-4.
The first stage - February-March:
* development of projects for the improvement of the school territory, landscaping and rational use school area;
The second stage - April - May:
* preparation of planting material - flower seeds;
* growing seedlings;
* preparation of inventory;
*spring tillage;
* work on the improvement of the school territory and the area adjacent to it, the repair of the fence; pruning shrubs;
*spring planting (implementation of projects);
Third stage - June - August:
* care for plantings in the school area: watering, weeding;
The fourth stage - September-October:
* collection of seeds;
* autumn tillage;
* autumn plantings of bulbs;
* Summing up the work, preparing reports;
Problem
Poor motivation among students of the school to form the moral and labor qualities of the individual.
Labor, collective creative activity is one of the real ways of forming these qualities.
Hypothesis
In the process of working on the project, there will be an integration of educational and work activities, which, in our opinion, will increase the motivation for learning and, as a result, the quality of student learning will improve. Awareness by the project participants of responsibility for the common cause will improve the moral and psychological climate in the educational institution.
Object of study- Ecology of the village Laptevka.
Subject of study- environmental situation around the municipal educational institution "Laptev primary general education school"
Objective of the project - creation of an aesthetically and environmentally attractive space near the school, improvement of the environmental situation in the area adjacent to the school due to green spaces and flowers in order to foster industriousness, love for one's school, respect for nature, development of creative abilities of students, formation of healthy lifestyle skills and implementation of the principle of practice-oriented learning.
Tasks:
Combining the efforts of teachers, students, parents, the general public, aimed at the improvement, aesthetic design and landscaping of the school, the creation of a single spiritual environment, through participation in a common cause, common interests, desires.
landscape ecological design of the environment of your village on the example of a school site
delimitation of zones of the school territory in order to create the most favorable environmental situation, improve the sanitary and hygienic regime on the territory of the school.
creation of conditions for recreation for school students, as well as for everyone living in the village.
the widest use of the school territory in the educational process and extracurricular activities.
Project type
Practice-oriented, research, informational, interdisciplinary.
Project Manager:
Head of the school - Pisarenko Irina Vladimirovna
Project participants:
Plan
Implementation of the project "Landscaping the school area"
Term | Responsible | Result |
|
Approval of the theme of project activities | September | Pisarenko I.V. | Lecture " Project activity”, methodological developments |
Organization of a creative group of teachers working on the topic of the project. | September | September | |
Determination of the goals and objectives of the project | September | Pisarenko I.V. Toporina L. A. | |
Analysis of the territory of the school site | September | Kuleshova S. I. Toporina L. A. | Report |
Implementation of a site design sketch. | September October | Pisarenko I.V. | landscape design sketch |
Purchasing garden tools | September | Pisarenko I.V. | Inventory |
Work to create a flower bed | September October | Kuleshova S. I. Toporina L. A. | Flowerbed |
Conducting a subbotnik | September | 1-4 grades | Planting seedlings |
PLAN
events MOU "Laptevskaya NOSH"
for the autumn two-month landscaping
September to October 2012
pp | Events | Timing | Responsible |
Ecological subbotnik in assigned areas to clean up the school grounds and the surrounding area | Within two months | Cl. leaders |
|
Planting seedlings of trees, shrubs and fruit trees, repair of plantings of past years | Within two months | Cl. leaders |
|
Conducting class hours "Ecology and Us" in grades 3-4. | September | Cl. leaders |
|
Drawing competition "In defense of nature" (grades 1-4) | Primary school teachers |
||
Conversations in the primary grades "The Earth is our home" (Grades 1-4). | September | Cl. leaders |
|
Organization of a book exhibition on an environmental theme | September | Toporina L. A. |
|
Class reports on the work done with the presentation | October | Classroom teachers |
To implement the project, it was necessary to create "green building facilities": a complex of flower beds, borders, paths that bring aesthetic pleasure, joy to all participants in the school-wide project and local residents.
In 2012, the landscaping of the school yard was completed. Several design objects have been identified:
1st object – Rock garden (main entrance):
* backfilling hills with soil, laying boulders
* laying a path to the rock garden
2nd object – Complex of flower beds;
3rd object - Central alley of ornamental shrubs and rowan alley.
Among the many design options, one of the most magnificent means of landscape design was chosen - the creation Alpine slide. The construction of an alpine garden meant the creation of a plant composition, the main role in which was given to plants and stones, reminiscent of a high-mountainous alpine garden. climate zone. Such a decision gave our garden a special mood and charm.
Next year it is planned to enrich the territory of the hill. It will smoothly move into the adjacent pond with artificial flowers. Such an arrangement of an alpine slide will be a very good way to tie it into a single whole with other elements of the territory. A very good background for an alpine slide is also a flower lawn. When arranging the lawn, our teachers selected the plants so that they would harmonize with the rest of the plants growing on our site in terms of their height, flowering time, color of flowers, leaves and picturesqueness. It attracts with many colors in spring, summer and autumn. Nearby successfully combined: daffodils, tulips, irises, peonies, Turkish cloves different colors and shades, chamomile, viola, asters, nasturtium, etc. A path of flowers seems to be running towards the hill. In spring, these are daffodils, and from mid-summer to the end of autumn - marigolds.
The construction of the alpine slide has become a creative process, which is comparable in its significance to the work of a sculptor and an artist, and therefore requires knowledge and experience. Our teachers are constantly improving, finding new solutions.
The school rock garden is a very popular place. Adults and children come here to admire, dream, relax, take a break from daily worries ...
Flowers are an ideal and versatile tool in landscape design. They gave our schoolyard a unique charm. Flower beds have become decorative elements of the school area, serve as a wonderful decoration for it.
In winter, we calculate the number and type of plants that are needed for planting, grow seedlings and plant them according to the pattern and color scheme. We design flower gardens in such a way as to provide extraordinary in its splendor, as well as long flowering our garden. Every year, flower beds have different sizes, shapes, compositional solutions, combinations of ornamental plants. Their features are taken into account - the height and diameter of the bush, flowering time, compatibility with other species, environmental parameters (tolerance of light and shade) and many other aspects. Beauty is fleeting, most flower gardens look completely different in a month. However, our plantings are well planned and attractive throughout the year and are truly works of art. We admire salvias, annuals and perennial phlox, ageratum, petunias, marigolds, zinnias, annual dahlias of various colors.
The next object of landscape design is to make a recreation area for children located next to the school building. This is an area overgrown with grass and nothing pleasing to the eye. We want to make this corner our next attraction.
In order to create a holistic aesthetic picture of the school grounds and exciting memories of the road leading to the school threshold, we wanted to improve the design of the central alley. Diversify the species composition of flower beds.
| |
Municipal educational institution
MOU "Laptev primary school"
Landscape gardening and design
Completed:
4th grade student
Golodnev Daniel
Supervisor:
Pisarenko I. V.,
Primary teacher
classes