A practical greenhouse for seedlings with your own hands. How to build a greenhouse from improvised materials with your own hands

Everyone loves useful and delicious vegetables grown on their own land or in the country. Not all plants can survive summer in open ground. To preserve the crop, many summer residents use special designs called greenhouses or greenhouses.

The option of building such a structure depends on the needs, financial capabilities and size of the site. Functionality and design features greenhouses and greenhouses practically do not differ, because they are intended for growing vegetables and seedlings. The only difference between these buildings is the size.

Greenhouses are rather large buildings that are installed permanently on the foundation. In you can grow year-round, if you spend there special system heating.

Greenhouse- a reduced copy of the greenhouse. This design is usually used for early planting seedlings and growing vegetables in the summer in the cold regions of the country.

Design features building a greenhouse in the country with their own hands are simple and easy to install. Their varieties are usually determined by the type of material used and the ability to move.

There are greenhouses stationary and portable type.

• Stationary ones are usually made in the shape of a butterfly with doors opening on both sides.
• Portable greenhouses are usually made in the form of a tunnel or arch. The material for such greenhouses is a standard polymer film.

In its turn, greenhouse options can be very different:

• Greenhouse "Dutch" has in common with a free-standing structure, but its walls thicken closer to the ground to concentrate heat.
• A detached structure with a gable roof, where glass frames are used as the roofing material.
• The easiest and most budget option is to make a greenhouse in the form of a tunnel. The material for it is a film, most often used in the country.
• Wall construction, which, to save heat, is closely adjacent to the house with one wall. The disadvantage of this design is the lack of natural light.
• Do-it-yourself arched greenhouse is a construction that is difficult to build. It assumes a single system of roofing and walls in an arched form. Experts note that when choosing an arched greenhouse, it is necessary to carefully familiarize yourself with the features of the material of the frame and coating before buying or self-constructing a structure.
• A small greenhouse, built with your own hands, is ideal for a small cottage. This design is made a continuation of the main building and equipped with a shed roof.
• The do-it-yourself polygonal design of a metal greenhouse has a rather aesthetic appearance, but it is not economical to operate.
• A dome-shaped greenhouse is an ideal structure for sunlight to enter.

How to build a do-it-yourself greenhouse from improvised materials

DIY construction

When choosing a place for a greenhouse, it is more correct to take into account factors that can affect the quality and quantity harvested crop. It is better to place the greenhouse in an open space away from other buildings on the site and large trees.

If the land area is small, then you can build a greenhouse with one side adjacent to the wall of an existing building, for example, to a house or a barn. In this case, especially important condition it will become necessary to build the remaining sides of the greenhouse on the south side of the site to receive the maximum amount of sunlight.

Material selection

The material for a simple greenhouse with your own hands must meet the following requirements:

• Ease of installation.
• Good throughput sunlight.
• The cost of the material and its installation.
• The magnitude of the load of the structure on the soil.
• Resistance to soil movements, temperature changes and various deformations.
• Duration of operation.

Glass is rightfully considered the most durable material, but its installation involves a fairly strong foundation and an expensive frame. And the most budget option there will be a polymer film, which can be selected according to quality and characteristics.

Greenhouse construction

Foundation laying required only for a stationary greenhouse structure for products made of polycarbonate or glass.

To do this, before starting work, the fertile layer of soil is removed, the rest is well compacted.

The ideal option for the greenhouse foundation is the so-called tape-reinforced type, the depth of which is 25 centimeters or more.

After 4-5 days after pouring the foundation, you can start installing the frame. It is an integral part of every greenhouse, for this reason its integrity and quality must be given maximum attention. Usually the frame is made of wood, plastic or metal profile.

We build a greenhouse-bread box with our own hands

How to make a greenhouse

The wooden frame is environmentally friendly and easy to install. But the tree does not cope well with temperature changes and changes in climatic conditions.

In order for such a frame to last longer, it must be processed once a year. protective equipment for wood.

The metal framework has the increased wear resistance and maintains big loading. The main thing is to protect such a frame from the effects of corrosion. This is a more time-consuming process for making a greenhouse, which will require a special welding machine and a grinder.

To build a light mobile greenhouse with your own hands, plastic pipes are suitable, which are lightweight, flexible and affordable. For connection, fittings and a special soldering iron are required.

Structure coating

After making a solid frame for a greenhouse or greenhouse, you can proceed with the installation of walls and roofs using the selected material.

The film is the easiest to install and affordable option to cover the greenhouse with your own hands. When choosing such a coating, you need to follow simple rules:

• Do not cut the film ahead of time. It is necessary to cover the entire structure with it, leaving small gaps, and only then cut it off.
• Avoid mechanical damage to the material by using a special stapler or wooden planks for fastening.
• Carry out work in calm weather and average temperature.
• For greenhouse glazing, the material from which the frame is made is important.

If the frame is made of wood, then the glazing of the roof is carried out along the bars with special grooves for collecting and draining condensate. Better to make fixing material from dry wooden blocks and pre-primed them with drying oil.

When laying glass on a metal frame, only one difference is in the fastening material - metal bars. Otherwise, the installation is no different, the glass is laid on the putty and attached with brackets.

How to make a greenhouse from arcs with covering material

Polycarbonate to cover the frame is used by the side where the pattern is located. Sections of sheets of material are sealed with a special tape for sealing on the top and perforated on the bottom. This material is attached to the frame using a specialized profile and rubber gaskets in order from the roof to the sides.

The construction of the floor in the greenhouse is done for greater convenience and aesthetic appearance. High-quality floor retains heat in the building for a long time. The best option arranging the floor in the greenhouse is sand or gravel.

Most an expensive option will install underfloor heating in the greenhouse. This requires additional preparation and supply of electricity to the greenhouse, but this also solves the problem of heating it in winter.

Ventilation system in the greenhouse and greenhouse

The process of ventilating a standard greenhouse usually provides for its very design - doors that open in warm weather.

Greenhouses, in turn, can be equipped with both natural ventilation and automatic hoods. Natural ventilation systems include vents and doors. Automatic systems designed for regular ventilation, excluding the penetration of cold air into the greenhouse.

Unusual buildings

• A mini-greenhouse is a cap made of a plastic bottle without a bottom, it is easy to make and it is great for growing seedlings of plants that are painful to transplant. Immediately after planting the seeds, the cap must be closed with a lid, and when the temperature during the day is above 20 degrees, it can be removed.
• Neat houses from old window frames help provide plants with comfortable growth and serve as a stunning decoration for a summer cottage.
• A dome is a large polygonal building with wooden frame covered with ordinary oilcloth. Despite the complexity of construction, such a domed structure is attractive, stable and has excellent light penetration.
• The box, consisting of four boards and a window frame, is a small original greenhouse for flowers and undersized plants.
• A practical folding greenhouse made of modern PVC pipes of small diameter and ordinary polyethylene film.
• Greenhouse umbrella - small original design from a wooden barrel and an old oilcloth umbrella covered with plastic wrap.
• A greenhouse-tent is a compact mobile structure made of a children's tent with walls equipped with oilcloth inserts.
• Plastic house - a greenhouse made of plastic bottles, which can be in the open or closed version. The creation of such a greenhouse does not require high costs and special skills.
• A flowerbed is a small greenhouse made of wooden frame of the required size, two thin plastic pipes and a piece of oilcloth. The convenience of this design is that if the air temperature rises to the required norm, the oilcloth can be easily removed, and you get a neat flower bed.
• Mini-house - a cute greenhouse made of plastic boxes, which is suitable for indoor plants and will decorate any standard balcony.
• It is enough just to build a small greenhouse from old pallets covered with plastic wrap. This design is perfect for growing flowers and seedlings.
• From a standard plastic container, you can build an excellent greenhouse for growing seedlings on the balcony.
How to choose a quality shading net for plants in a greenhouse

Do not exclude the possibility of buying a ready-made greenhouse or greenhouse from trusted companies. Then you can get an advantage in the form of essential guarantee that this product It has high quality for long term use. Besides, inIf you receive a defective product, you can exchange the greenhouse during the entire warranty period.Large suppliers offer greenhouses at affordable prices and provide all the information about the materials used for their manufacture.

Enjoying fresh vegetables from the garden is available not only at the height of summer. Even in winter, you can delight your household every day with freshly picked greens or fragrant fruits grown on a balcony or veranda. Such mini-shelters are very convenient not only for forcing greenery in winter, but also for growing seedlings and arranging a winter garden in an apartment. You can just buy a finished structure, but it’s better to see what and how to make a greenhouse yourself and equip free space with maximum benefit.

Homemade greenhouses - a cheap option

If this is the first time you have thought about how to make a greenhouse yourself, then the simplest model with a pitched roof will do. Such a box is made of wood or polycarbonate. Since a greenhouse is installed on the floor or cabinet, and then containers with seedlings are placed in it, the bottom is not made in the box. It is also convenient for using the structure in the country - the box is simply installed on the garden bed.

Tools and materials for manufacturing

It is better to make a greenhouse with your own hands from a high-quality board - so its service life will be long, and if necessary, it can be disassembled and assembled. So, you will need:

• boards 20 mm thick (the number and length are calculated based on the size of the greenhouse);
• timber 40x40 mm;
• rail 20x10 mm;
• window glazing beads for fixing glass on the frame;
• loops for fastening the frame;
• glass or polycarbonate according to the size of the folding frame - 2 pcs;
• material for insulation;
• hooks-clamps and loops for hooks;
• self-tapping screws or screws;
• glass cutter;
• saw;
• screwdriver or screwdriver;
• oil paint or enamel, a means to protect wood from decay.

Shed greenhouse with a frame made of glass or polycarbonate is suitable for balconies and cottages

Preparing for the installation of a greenhouse

First of all, to install a small greenhouse on the balcony, you need to choose a suitable place. Keep in mind that the plants will need to be looked after, so access to them should be convenient. Also check the lighting conditions - on the southern balconies, the box can be placed along any wall, in other cases, position the greenhouse so that the plants are well lit in the morning.

Then decide on the dimensions of the box and draw an auxiliary layout drawing. Be sure to pay attention to the presence of insulation - if you will sheathe the box with foam from the outside, then lay in the dimensions the allowance for the sheathing immediately. If this is not done, then the finished box may simply not fit in the allocated place.

If desired, a wooden greenhouse with a glass lid can be made double

Important. The dimensions of the sides and details are arbitrary, but remember that the back side should be 30-40 cm higher than the front, and the height of the rear bars should be sufficient to fix the folding frame in the raised position. It is better not to make the length of the greenhouse more than 1-1.5 m.

Think carefully about the system for removing excess water. If these are trays with seedlings, then be sure to install them on pallets. If you plan to simply line the box from the inside with a film into which the soil will be poured, then make sure that the floor on the loggia is lined with ceramic tiles and has a slight slope towards the street (for water drainage).

If you plan to use a greenhouse on the balcony not only in spring for seedlings, but also all year round for growing greenery, then equip the structure with additional lighting (you can use a lamp daylight or phytolamps) and a soil heating system.

Greenhouse step by step assembly

After all preparatory work you can start installing the greenhouse.

1. According to the drawing, mark and cut out the details:
   • 2 front racks;
   • 2 high rear pillars;
   • 4 parts for a folding frame (from a bar 40x40);
   • boards for sheathing the box.
2. Treat wooden parts with an anti-rot agent and paint.
3. Attach the boards to the racks with self-tapping screws or screws.
4. Sheathe the box with thermal insulation.
5. Fasten the bars for the frame end-to-end. If possible, immediately cut the grooves for installing glass on both sides of the frame (top and bottom). If not, then lay glass or polycarbonate on the frame (sheet size is 40 mm smaller than the finished frame) so that there is 20 mm left on each side to the edge of the frame.
6. Attach a 20 mm rail around the perimeter of the frame. Get an impromptu groove.
7. Fix the glass with glazing beads. Then do the same with the underside of the frame. To make the frame retain heat better, put a layer of window putty under the glass on the frame.
8. Install the frame on the box and screw the hinges to its back wall.
9. Attach the hooks on top of the rear racks. You can make hooks of different sizes - long ones for fixing the frame during ventilation, and short ones for attaching the lid while caring for seedlings.

Shed polycarbonate greenhouse on a stand table

The same greenhouse can be completely assembled from polycarbonate. Suitable as connecting racks wooden bars, plastic pipes or metal corner. The finished greenhouse can be installed on the balcony on the floor or on a special table.

Mini-greenhouse on the site

Greenhouse shelf on the balcony

Film-coated greenhouses produce industrial way, but it’s not difficult to make such a greenhouse for an apartment or a summer house on your own. To do this, you need material for the frame (wooden beam, plastic pipe, metallic profile), angles and connecting tees, greenhouse film.

Greenhouse-shelf on a rigid frame

How to make a greenhouse in the form of a whatnot on a frame yourself:

1. Make a drawing of the frame according to the selected dimensions (usually it is 200 cm high, 90-100 cm wide, 40-50 cm deep).
2. Cut out the rack pieces.
3. If you make the frame from a bar, then fasten all the details - racks, lintels and carriers for shelves with self-tapping screws. If made of plastic or metal, connect all the parts and mark the places for attaching the shelves.
4. Paint the wood frame.
5. From a greenhouse film, prepare a cover according to the size and shape of the frame.
6. Connect the joints of the film with a stapler and glue with adhesive tape on a woven basis.
7. Make the front part of the cover removable - with a zipper or Velcro tape.
8. Install shelves (wooden, mesh or plastic) on the whatnot.
9. Above each shelf, immediately mount the lighting ( fluorescent lamps or phytolamps).
10. Put the cover on the frame.

Polycarbonate greenhouse cabinet

The home greenhouse in the apartment is ready, it remains only to install it on the balcony. By the way, the balcony itself should be glazed and additionally insulated with foam or mineral wool. So it will be convenient to maintain a suitable temperature inside - on a closed loggia, heat loss is much less. The same mini-greenhouses can be made of polycarbonate. Cabinets will be stronger and more durable.

Shelter for greens and vegetables in the country from reinforcement

Even if there is a full-fledged greenhouse in the country, it often becomes necessary to build a small greenhouse for planting seedlings or forcing early radishes and greens.

You can build such shelters from anything - old window frames, wooden blocks, plastic pipes. Sheathing the structure can be done with a greenhouse film, bottle plastic canvas, polycarbonate or glass.

Greenhouse with rebar frame

Here is an example of how to make a mini-greenhouse out of timber, fiberglass reinforcement and a greenhouse film in just 30 minutes.

You will need:

• 2 bars 40x40 mm 3 m long;
• 2 bars 125 cm long;
• 7 pieces of fiberglass reinforcement, 2 m long each;
• greenhouse film 3 m - 5 m wide (cut a standard one and a half meter sleeve);
• 4 connecting bolts;
• drill;
• construction stapler.

In some cases, you can do without reason

How to make such a greenhouse yourself:

1. Join the beams together.
2. Drill holes in the corners for the bolts and secure the frame.
3. Using a drill of a suitable diameter, drill 7 holes for reinforcement along the long sides - at the corners and every 50 cm. Do not drill through, the hole is about 3.5 cm deep.
4. Lay the frame with the holes down on the edge of the spread canvas so that a meter of free film remains on the right and left along the length of the frame, an indent of about 20 cm along the long edge.
5. Bend the film and attach it to the frame (for strength, you can fold the free edge 2-3 times).
6. Turn the frame so that the film remains on the ground, and the holes for the reinforcement are on top.
7. Insert the reinforcement so that you get 7 arches on the frame.
8. Carefully turn the frame with reinforcement over the film so that the film wraps around in arcs.
9. Cut off the excess film along the length and fasten it tightly along the second long side.
10. Carefully lay the free ends of the frame film into folds and attach to the frame.

Non-standard solutions from improvised materials

Small home greenhouses and mini-greenhouses can really be made from any available means. The main thing is to create an ideal microclimate for plants for vegetation: high humidity, stable temperature and sufficient lighting. So, from old aquariums and plastic bottles, you can make small compact greenhouses for seedlings and forcing greenery.

As a basis for home greenhouse an old medical glass cabinet, a refrigerator case, a shoe rack or a plastic barrel can serve.

In an apartment, even the loggia itself can turn into a real greenhouse if it is glazed and sufficiently protected from winter frosts. And in the country, the materials used for greenhouses are limited only by the imagination of the owner.

An old plastic barrel and a greenhouse film - an express greenhouse is ready

Old refrigerator cabinet window frame retains heat and moisture well

Organization of closed ground from old boxes

Waste boards and window frame

Lattice and film cover

Several plastic pipes become a frame

Combined greenhouse frame

Barrel under an umbrella

Small greenhouses for summer residents are the main helpers in growing good crops. Every year, the industry offers a variety of models of mini-greenhouses and greenhouses. Of course, you can just buy the right one. But, as experienced gardeners say, seedlings from a do-it-yourself greenhouse grow better, and yields are richer. And all because the real owner does everything with love, and greenhouses are no exception.

Each gardener can independently and correctly, and most importantly, economically and quickly make a greenhouse structure in the country. Required for construction good plan, literate step-by-step instruction and minimal experience with basic construction tool.

Advantages of self-manufacturing greenhouses

Currently, in the conditions of backyard and country vegetable growing, a huge number of varieties of greenhouse structures, both factory-made and handicraft, are used. You can make a greenhouse of any size yourself.

What will be a home-made greenhouse or greenhouse building, largely depends on the materials available to the summer resident. Undeniable advantages of such a design is its low cost and the possibility of erection at a convenient time and date. In addition, you can make quite unusual or original, but very functional greenhouses or greenhouses with your own hands.

Winter and summer designs

It is quite possible to build both a winter and a summer version on your own. However, before making a project and putting it into practice, you should understand how these types of greenhouses differ and why a winter greenhouse design needs additional costs.

• The main difference lies in the material from which the structure is built. For example, plastic film is used in the manufacture of summer structures, but it is not suitable for winter ones. As a cover for a winter greenhouse, you should choose high-quality glass or translucent polycarbonate. Thin sheet polycarbonate can also be used in the manufacture of a summer greenhouse.
• If we are building winter greenhouse, then it is very important to pay special attention to the fundamental foundation, since this part has a direct impact on performance indicators heating system.
• The frame of a winter greenhouse building should be as powerful and reliable as possible, and for a summer structure, you can make it lighter.

These are the most important seasonal features that you need to consider in order to create a high-quality and durable greenhouse.

The main types of greenhouses

Most often, greenhouse structures are designed for the cultivation of a certain type of plant, taking into account their botanical characteristics, including illumination and temperature conditions inside.

• Shed greenhouse the roof is ideal option to create a winter garden or greenhouse, due to the presence of an internal transition to the building. In this case, the greenhouse will be easy to maintain, regardless of the time of year. A shed greenhouse is best attached to the south side of the house.
• Gable greenhouses or "house" structures have proven themselves in most regions of our country and quite deservedly belong to the category of the most common classical protected ground structures.

• teardrop-shaped options very durable, have excellent light transmission and do not retain snow mass on the surface, but they are difficult to install, so they are rarely made on their own at home.
• dome view not only looks original, but also has some functional characteristics, including the possibility of construction in earthquake-prone areas, as well as reducing consumption building materials. When creating such a structure, it is necessary to pay Special attention its high-quality sealing and insulation.

• polygonal design combines good light transmission, attractive appearance, as well as high resistance to gusty winds. It should be noted that the installation of such a structure is quite complicated and requires competent organization space for uniform heating of air masses.
• Dutch greenhouses differ in reliability and durability. Walls made with a slope allow you to maximize lighting, which has a positive effect on crop yields. In addition, the construction of such a greenhouse will be inexpensive.

Which greenhouse to choose (video)

AT last years tunnel structures - "booths" are popular. This design perfectly protects plants from bad weather and gusty winds, and as a result, when minimum investment in the building manages to get a stable and high yield. This allows you to evaluate this option as optimal for building in the country with your own hands. Most often, a tunnel greenhouse is used for growing peppers and tomatoes.

Collapsible and stationary products

All greenhouses erected and used in personal and garden plots are divided into stationary and collapsible (folding).

The folding greenhouse began to be used in the conditions of household vegetable growing relatively recently. Its basis is a lightweight collapsible frame, and its small size allow, if necessary, to transfer the greenhouse to a new location. A small design is quite cheap for summer residents, and it is not difficult to assemble it yourself.

The stationary greenhouse, on the contrary, has been used by vegetable growers for many years. The design features of such a building are the presence of a metal frame on which the coating is installed, and a foundation base. Most summer residents prefer just such greenhouses, due to their reliability and durability, as well as ease of use in the structure and ease of maintenance.

The choice of material for the frame

The frame base and the door must be rigid and durable, which will withstand multiple seasonal temperature fluctuations, as well as wind and a fairly large weight of snow mass. At the same time, the number of massive elements that reduce illumination should be minimized. The implementation of a collapsible design involves the use of materials with low weight and ease of carrying out installation work. Today, several types of materials are used to create the frame of greenhouses, differing in characteristics and price.

• Wood is the most affordable and cheapest option that does not require special skills and the use of professional equipment. The wooden frame is eco-friendly and lightweight, but is prone to rotting, so it needs to be treated with antiseptics.
• Aluminum allows you to create lightweight and durable structures with a high level of rigidity that can withstand significant loads. To connect the parts, a household riveter is used or mounted in a specially drilled holes nuts. Slightly reduces the popularity of the option high price aluminum frame.

• Plastic has such unique characteristics as lightness and strength, as well as non-susceptibility to the process of decay and corrosive changes. The flexibility of the material helps to create structures different shapes, which is especially important when building arched or gable greenhouses. However, it should be noted that the significant lightness of plastic requires mandatory attachment to the foundation or ground.
• Steel is used to create a greenhouse frame quite often and requires a strip foundation. Galvanized steel frames are characterized by resistance to corrosion, which increases the life of the greenhouse.

• Profile for drywall successfully combines such advantages as light weight and ease of installation work. As practice shows, a frame made of a metal profile turns out to be convenient to use, durable, collapsible and quite budgetary. Perfect for creating gable and single-slope buildings, as well as arched structures and the Mitlider greenhouse.
• window frames as a material for the frame of the greenhouse, they allow you to create a structure with acceptable thermal insulation in the shortest possible time and with significant savings. However, the fragility of such a frame should be taken into account: the average service life, even when wood is processed, does not exceed five years.

Other materials for creating a frame are not popular in home garden greenhouse construction.

Types of foundation for a greenhouse

The insignificant weight and large windage of the greenhouse structure often cause the structure to overturn under the influence of gusty winds, so the frame should be installed on the most reliable and durable foundation base. The choice of the type of foundation depends in most cases on the weight of the structure.

• brick foundation easy to install, reliable enough and suitable for most greenhouses. However, it should be borne in mind that the manufacture of such a foundation is a rather laborious and expensive process.
• stone base very reliable and durable. A properly executed stone foundation is able to withstand heavy metal structures made of profiled steel and fiberglass. Most often used to create capital greenhouses and is not among the budget options.

• concrete foundation is one of the inexpensive and prefabricated capital bases and involves the creation of formwork with subsequent pouring concrete mix and installation of rod anchors for fastening the frame.
• The simplest and most affordable option is wooden base. However, the operation of such a foundation made of boards or timber, even when treated with high-quality antiseptic compounds, is limited to five seasons, which makes its installation under the main frame impractical.

Greenhouse covering materials

Glass, polyethylene film or translucent cellular polycarbonate can be used as a coating material. Each of the types of material has advantages, but it is also not without disadvantages, which must be taken into account when choosing.

• Film is one of the cheapest and available materials, but in terms of durability it is not able to compete with polycarbonate or glass. Even the highest quality film coating should be changed every three years. An arched, arc greenhouse is most often covered with two layers of film at once, which allows plants to provide the most comfortable conditions for growth and development. The material has a good level of light transmission, but under the influence of sunlight it wears out quickly, the light transmission indicators decrease. The disadvantages also include the formation of condensate on the inside of the coating.

• Glass refers to traditional materials for the greenhouse and is characterized as a durable coating with a high level of light transmission and good thermal insulation. When using it to create protected ground structures, one should remember about the rapid heating of glass and the significant weight of the material. In addition, it is important to consider that replacing broken or damaged glass is not cheap.
• Polycarbonate is a hard translucent plastic with a cellular structure. The material is characterized by durability, a high level of impact resistance and good light transmission, as well as excellent flexibility, which makes it possible to use it in arched and tunnel-type structures.

Other covering materials are sometimes used. Some amateur vegetable growers perform a combined shelter of greenhouses, in which the roof of the structure is covered with a film, and the side parts of the frame are glazed.

When a Foundation Isn't Needed

The foundation is the foundation that provides high level stability, integrity, as well as the maximum strength of the greenhouse building. However, there are varieties of protected ground structures that do not need to create a foundation foundation. These are lightweight portable and collapsible structures, the weight of which is insignificant, and protection against windage is achieved by attaching the greenhouse to the ground using pegs.

Schemes and drawings

Before proceeding with the construction of a greenhouse or greenhouse structure with your own hands, it is necessary to correctly draw up drawings and diagrams of the structure. Greenhouse drawings can be varied. Currently, in the public domain, you can also find schemes of Soviet classical wooden models, both modern and rational schemes of Mitlider's greenhouse.

The choice of a scheme and a drawing of a greenhouse or greenhouse structure should be based on the requirements, features and characteristics of the materials used in the independent construction of the structure, as well as the purposes of using the protected ground structure in the conditions of backyard or summer cottage crop production.

You can independently create a scheme for the future structure or use ready-made options. The second option is more preferable and can save time and effort.

Do-it-yourself greenhouse manufacturing steps

Self-manufacturing greenhouse or greenhouse construction includes several sequential steps:

• choice of building type;
• creation of a drawing and diagram;
• frame manufacturing;
• carrying out earthworks, including the construction of a foundation;
• installation of the supporting frame;
• installation of a translucent coating.

The peculiarity of each stage depends on the type of materials used, as well as the characteristics of the structure itself, including the size and season of use.

Greenhouse equipment

The creation of a microclimate favorable for the growth and development of plants in most cases depends on the use of special greenhouse equipment. In order to increase the productivity of cultivated crops and the quality of the harvested crop, it is necessary to take care of the modernization of the protected ground space in advance. Growing vegetable, berry or green crops in protected ground involves the installation of heating, irrigation, additional lighting, and ventilation.

• Irrigation system using drip or subsoil irrigation equipment can save gardeners and gardeners from heavy manual labor, as well as save time and water.
• Heating can be carried out in several ways, and the choice of equipment depends on the communication system that is on the backyard or garden plot. You can choose stove, electric or gas heating.

• Ventilation very important at all stages of growth and development of garden crops. It helps protect plants from overheating and provides full air exchange. For natural ventilation, open doors and vents are quite enough, and if necessary, to increase air circulation, an exhaust or circulation fan should be installed.
• Additional lighting necessary not only for seedling material, but also for almost any garden plants cultivated in conditions of too short daylight hours. Special lamps allow you to provide the cultivated crop with optimal comfortable illumination in the early spring period as well as in winter and late autumn.

How to build a greenhouse with your own hands (video)

Today, many gardeners cannot imagine their site without a greenhouse. And for the first time in our country, the famous scientist K. Timiryazev grew crops in this way. His merit was the construction in 1872 on the territory of the Petrovsky Academy of Sciences of a vegetation house for cultivated plants. This prototype of the modern greenhouse made it possible to develop in subsequent years up to the present day. various kinds structures of protected ground, which allow to lengthen the fruiting period of plants and improve the quality and volume of the crop.

Greenhouse management should be based on a sober calculation. There is no reason to buy an expensive greenhouse for growing vegetables seasonally, if you can make a greenhouse with your own hands, spending a minimum of money and time on it. It is quite possible to implement one of dozens of ideas both for those who, almost for the first time, hold tools in their hands, and for those who are considered an experienced craftsman. What do these or those constructions from improvised materials look like, and what is the principle of manufacturing each of them?

Mini greenhouse from the store

Do-it-yourself greenhouse in the country - it's easy

Gardeners most often build a greenhouse from improvised materials for cucumbers - these vegetables grow quickly, are well stored and are in year-round demand. Any building materials for building a seasonal greenhouse with your own hands are suitable, the main thing is to ensure their sufficient supply. To determine the type and size of a structure, take a closer look at the place where you plan to build and conduct an audit in your own garage or shed.

Do-it-yourself folding construction made of PVC pipes and timber

Choosing a place for a greenhouse

Majority vegetable crops, including cucumbers, come from hot tropical countries, and to get a good harvest, you need the appropriate conditions:

• thermal regime - not lower than 25 ° C during the day and 15 ° C at night;
• daylight hours - at least 10 hours;
• air humidity - within 85–95%;
• soil moisture - up to 95% during growth and up to 85% during fruiting.

Proper location of the greenhouse on adjoining territory helps provide optimal performance microclimate and at the lowest cost. In search of a suitable site, analyze the features of your site and, on a copy of its plan, shade the free zones that:

• located near a water source;
• well lit from 7 am to 9 pm;
• are not blown by the north wind and drafts;
• sizes allow you to orient the greenhouse in the east-west direction.

Choose a sunny spot

Consider the intersection of the hatches as the most suitable for the installation of the greenhouse. Permissible if no more than two items do not meet the stated requirements. In this case, consider whether it is possible to eliminate the shortcomings, for example, install a capacious tank, clear old plants and buildings, protect from the wind with a solid high fence or gazebo.

Make sure that groundwater does not come close to the surface at the selected site - they interfere with the development of crop roots and cause their diseases. An indirect sign of excessive dampness is the presence on the site of such plants as sedge, moss, meadowsweet, marigold. When you notice them, take the following steps:

• add soil and raise the height of the beds;
• plant water-water trees (plum-renklod, wild rose, pear);
• equip the gutter and drainage well.

Frame made of pipes in the form of a house

It is desirable that the selected site be slightly inclined to the south or be level, but not located on the western or northern slope. If there is no other site, you will have to level it, otherwise the beds will be illuminated unevenly.

Construction materials

To build the simplest greenhouse with your own hands, a film and a few wooden beams or reinforcing bars are enough. But, trying to reduce the cost of construction to the maximum, summer residents sometimes use other materials at hand:

• leftover plastic water pipes;
• rubber watering hoses;
• wooden containers and pallets from under building materials;
• dismantled metal-plastic or wooden windows;
• buildings old furniture and household appliances.

Boy from an old fridge

Summer residents make frames from anything, someone even uses an obsolete bus. But the choice of covering material is not so extensive - it is significantly limited by the requirements for strength, light transmission and price. Choose from these options:

• polyethylene film (reinforced or plain, but always with UV protection);
• white agrofibre with a density of 60 g/sq.m. (keep in mind that a canvas with a lower density is intended for frameless shelter or for later planting);
• polycarbonate 4–8 mm thick (the most reliable and durable material, however, lay it only on a rigid frame);
• glass (covering a greenhouse with heavy and expensive glass panels only makes sense if they are available).

simple shelter

If you want to build a high stationary structure made of metal or heavy lumber with your own hands, consider the type of foundation in advance. It determines the quality factor of the greenhouse structure, resistance to snow and wind loads, ease of use. The cheapest and easiest base to arrange is a wooden beam or round timber. Unfortunately, in greenhouse conditions, such a foundation does not serve for a long time.

You can significantly extend the life of the greenhouse by raising the wooden base on brick or concrete supports or pouring concrete tape. To fix the frame on the ground or foundation, and on the frame - covering material, stock up on self-tapping screws, nails, corners, reinforcing pins and other hardware. Consumption depends on the dimensions of the future design.

Mini-greenhouse on a columnar foundation

dimensions

Even experienced summer residents often underestimate the importance of choosing the optimal size of a greenhouse. But it depends on the dimensions which crops can be grown with your own hands, how comfortable the care of the plants is, whether the space is well ventilated. So, for a full cycle of growing cucumbers, you need a greenhouse with a height of at least 1.8 m, and for cucumber seedlings a small-format greenhouse up to half a meter high is enough.

To service a high greenhouse, doors and a fairly wide passage are needed, beds should be arranged inside or racks should be installed, which means that the width of the building cannot be less than 2–3 m. Greenhouses are usually not made wider than 3–4 m and longer than 6 m, because in calm without fans it is difficult to ventilate them.

Standard polycarbonate width 2.1 m

As for the greenhouse, when choosing dimensions, consider the following factors:

• technology of growing the selected crop;
• way of organizing ventilation;
• the possibility of free access to the far edge of the garden;
• standard sizes available building materials (for example, the length of the arc or film, the thickness and width of the polycarbonate sheet or window frame).

Greenhouse box dimensions

You can go the other way - look at purchased greenhouses and build the same one with your own hands. The most popular models - tunnel - have a length of 4 to 8 m or more, and the width and length depend on the length of the pipe (usually it is 2-2.5 m) and the installation method.

Open Top Factory Polycarbonate Greenhouses are usually designed like this:

• width - 1.6 m;
• height - 1 m;
• length - 4-8 m or more (on request).

The second life of plastic bottles

If you are just taking the initial steps in the greenhouse business, try your hand at small greenhouse- it is easy to increase it or put the same one next to it. And if you run out of steam and realize that this is not yours, the loss of time and effort will be minimal.

Types of homemade greenhouses - descriptions and photos

Looking at the photo, you might think that building a functional and simple greenhouse at home from improvised materials is a matter of 5 minutes. Indeed, the designs of most homemade products look unpretentious, but some options for greenhouses still require careful execution and skills in carpentry or welding. What skills are enough - look and choose.

Stock up on power tools for installation

Simple arc greenhouse

Almost all greenhouses and greenhouses offered in stores under the film have an arched shape. Their equipment is minimal - several arcs of pressure polyethylene pipes, covering material (film or spunbond), fasteners (clips and pegs). Sometimes the set includes finished arches with a canvas put on them, which significantly saves time and justifies the costs.

However, most manufacturers offer to bend the pipes and cover with foil on their own. What prevents you from choosing a kit and making a greenhouse for cucumbers with your own hands - in size, from more quality materials and with the same result, only cheaper? To install a four-meter greenhouse you will need:

• pipes made of HDPE or PVC with a diameter of 20 mm - 5 pieces;
• polyethylene film or spunbond with a width of 3.5 m - 6 m.

Such greenhouses are popularly called "snowdrops"

Replace plastic pegs with segments or whole reinforcing bars. If there is metal pipes, you can use them, but you need a pipe bender or considerable physical strength to give the desired shape. You should not run to the store and get a spunbond of the required width - if there is a supply of material 1.6 m wide, just glue or sew the panels, this is quite acceptable for mini-greenhouses.

To make it convenient to store the finished greenhouse, sew several folds 25 mm wide in agrotextile with a step between them of 1 m. After that:

1. Drive reinforcement into the ground in pairs along the perimeter of the future greenhouse so that ends 10–20 cm long come out.
2. Thread plastic pipes into the stitched spandbond, bend them and install them on the ends of the reinforcing bars.
3. Align the structure, if necessary, add soil around the perimeter or drive in wide boards.

You can water the beds without removing the spunbond. When you want to ventilate the greenhouse, lift the edge of the canvas on one side and fasten it to the arches with clothespins. It is also convenient to use plumbing clips or stationery binders as clamps. At the end of the season, remove the structure, fold it like an accordion and lay it in a dry, ventilated barn.

Insulated early greenhouse

Arc-shaped greenhouse with bottle insulation

The previous model is designed to equalize small temperature differences, but is not able to protect plantings from frost. Because of this, homemade greenhouses from improvised materials cause a lot of criticism. Indeed, in spring, the difference between night and day air temperatures reaches 20-25 ° C, which has a detrimental effect on plants.

It is impossible to compensate for such heat losses without high-quality insulation, but how to make a greenhouse warm and not spend a lot of money at the same time? The solution to this problem is the use of plastic bottles, which restrict the movement of air near the walls of the structure and thereby reduce heat transfer.

Since the implementation of the idea takes a lot of time and work, start active actions with your own hands as soon as possible:

1. Approximately calculate how many empty eggplants you will need - measure the dimensions of one bottle (without the bottom), divide the total area of ​​\u200b\u200ball the surfaces of the greenhouse by its area.
2. Gather right amount bottles and prepare the container - wash, cut, sort by color and volume.
3. Using a thin knitting wire, connect the bottles together, inserting one into the other, like glasses.
4. Measure the length of the bottle "garland" - it should be equal to the length of the greenhouse arch. Assemble the rest of the "garlands" according to the template.
5. Cover the finished tunnel collected bottles, tie them together for security.
6. Wrap the greenhouse on top with a second layer of covering material, for example, frost-resistant film.

Very warm greenhouse

Use the remaining unused capacities as heat accumulators. Fill them with water and spread them inside the greenhouse between the beds. During the day, the water will heat up under the sun, and at night it will give off heat. This design will protect young plants from frost down to -5 ° C.

Triangular greenhouse from boards

A win-win way to build a greenhouse with your own hands in 2-3 hours is to use the remnants of timber and boards. It differs from previous solutions from improvised material in a triangular shape - it is good to grow seedlings of cucumbers, eggplants or peppers in this. The design turns out to be quite heavy, but if desired, it can be transferred. If you have a supply of lumber and hardware, use them:

1. Build a rectangular base around the perimeter of the future greenhouse from boards 100–150 mm wide.
2. In the center of the side jumper, vertically install a beam with a length equal to the desired height.
3. Determine the length of the slope (the distance between the top of the beam and the extreme point of the side jumper) and knock down the support post in the form of a triangle from a beam or board of a smaller section.
4. Divide the long side of the base into equal intervals (0.8-1.2 m) and count the number of racks.
5. Make racks according to the template, install them in the marked places and secure with nails.
6. Connect the tops of the racks ridge beam and cover the frame with a film or spunbond.

Triangular lumber greenhouse

For ease of closing and opening, nail one edge of the canvas to the base with nails and wooden planks, and wrap the other around the timber and also connect with nails. Do not fasten the beam to the base. When you need to open the greenhouse, lift the beam along with the covering material and fix it with twine or wire.

Fast wooden lattice greenhouse

After transporting furniture, appliances or building materials, often remain wooden boxes, crates, pallets. Instead of taking them apart for firewood, it’s much more correct to make a greenhouse with your own hands. It is easiest to connect the gratings into a gable structure with ordinary wide adhesive tape, then, as unnecessary, you can easily disassemble it and compactly fold the parts for storage.

If, during the installation process, you carefully fasten one grate to another and tightly wrap it with two or three turns of adhesive tape, the greenhouse will stand without moving - due to the weight and symmetrical arrangement he is not afraid of any wind. Similar design going even faster than the tunnel, and the benefits of it are just as great.

Collapsible greenhouse from lattices

Greenhouses "bread box" and "butterfly"

These greenhouse structures are interesting in that they use the entire area to the maximum. Sliding up cover allows plants access to the sun and fresh air, and it becomes very easy to take care of the plantings. Even more interesting from the point of view of operation is Fedorov's design, which is a kind of combination of Mittlider's greenhouse and a greenhouse-bread box.

The frame consists of two mobile halves of different heights. This solution allows:

• tightly close the greenhouse with the threat of a cold snap;
• leave an open opening in the upper part for ventilation;
• fully open the plants on each side in turn.

Butterfly greenhouse

Slightly less frequently household plots you can see the greenhouse-butterfly. It also has a movable roof, but it does not move out, but opens up - like the wings of a butterfly. Among the shortcomings of the model is a high windage in the open, so it is not recommended to leave it unattended.

Another disadvantage of mini-greenhouses from improvised materials is that it is much more difficult to make them with your own hands than the rest. However, if there is a pipe bender and skills in using welding machine, it will not be difficult to build the frame of the "bread box":

1. According to the size of the future mini-greenhouse, weld rectangular base from a metal profile 20x40 mm.
2. Make a mark in the center of the side and measure the resulting distance - this is the length of the mobile roof element.
3. On both sides, in the center, weld metal plates or hinges with holes for attaching the roof.
4. Determine the height of the greenhouse and specify the height of the roof elements.
5. According to the dimensions obtained from the 20x20 profile and the arcs made on the pipe bender, weld four roof segments so that one pair fits into the other with a minimum gap.
6. By welding, connect the segments with a jumper (pipe 20x20), drill holes in the corners and align them with the holes on the mounting loops.
7. Fix the roof parts with bolts, paint the frame and cover it with polycarbonate.

Greenhouse-bread box

Greenhouse from window frames

Puzzling over how to most rationally make a greenhouse out of improvised materials with your own hands, remember if someone in your environment replaced old windows with metal-plastic ones. If yes, then the problem is solved in an elementary way, and the window frames will serve as a greenhouse frame for several more years.

From the frames you can build a greenhouse of any shape and size - a small triangular, high gable and even arched, covered with a polycarbonate roof. The simplest design looks like wooden box on which a window frame is attached at an angle. No special investment of time and money is required, but you can also grow a crop that is limited in volume and variety.

The construction of a full-fledged greenhouse with an entrance and beds, on the contrary, will take a lot of effort, since you will need:

1. Gather an adequate supply of windows.
2. Restore and prepare them for installation.
3. Mount a sufficiently strong frame.
4. Install it on the foundation.
5. Sheathe the frame with frames.
6. Cover with a pitched or arched roof.

Dutch frame greenhouses

Keep in mind that both a mini-greenhouse and a greenhouse made of old window frames require constant repair and tinting of wood - due to high humidity buildings are rapidly deteriorating.

Stages of building a greenhouse

If you make a standard greenhouse out of boards and film, you may encounter a common problem, judging by the reviews on videos and forums. Summer residents often complain that the soil in such structures warms up slowly, and cucumber seeds can be planted only 5–7 days earlier than in open space. How to build a greenhouse with your own hands to speed up soil heating?

Closed high bed

It is quite easy to fulfill this desire if you raise a mini-greenhouse from improvised material above ground level by 40–50 cm and equip it in this way high bed. To get enough height, make an appropriate base from any material you like - timber, brick or concrete blocks. Here is what the further assembly algorithm looks like:

1. By the size of the finished base, knock down a box from a 40x40 bar.
2. In the center of both sidewalls, nail two beams, the length of which is equal to the total height.
3. Connect the peaks together with a 20x40 ridge beam.
4. Tie the edges of the ridge to the corners of the box.
5. Measure the dimensions of the roof slopes and make frames for covering.
6. Install the butterfly loops on the ridge and hang the finished frames.
7. Using thin nails and glazing beads, cover the frame with a film on all sides.

The second way to arrange the roof

For support open roof select a beam of sufficient length and nail with inside greenhouse bar on which you can support the beam. Do not forget to paint the wood with paint or stain. Then proceed to the layer-by-layer filling of the greenhouse with old newspapers or cardboard, then large and small organic waste, and finally, fertile soil.

This option for arranging a greenhouse for cucumbers allows not only to get a crop 15–20 days earlier, but also to protect it from pests, provide comfortable care for crops, and also organize a garden bed on problematic soil. Moreover, neatly assembled and painted plant houses become a real decoration of a summer cottage or house adjoining area.

Video: a greenhouse in the country from improvised materials

Although structures made from improvised materials are considered temporary, with correct operation and timely repair, you can use them for several seasons, thereby saving family money on the purchase fresh vegetables, and even earning on their sale. Who knows, maybe your greenhouse business will start from this greenhouse?

Video 1: Do-it-yourself butterfly mini-greenhouse

Video 2: Greenhouse in 1 hour

Video 3: Underground trench greenhouse

Video 4: Cucumber greenhouse

They seem especially delicious to us. But sometimes creating a greenhouse with your own hands makes the summer resident think. Where to put it? What material to build? Which greenhouse is better? And a lot of other questions arise when we plan such a grandiose business))

Let's first look at what greenhouses are in general, and then I will tell you how to build a greenhouse with your own hands in one weekend.

What are greenhouses?

The most common types of greenhouses, the most convenient and beloved by our summer residents, are arched, single-slope and gable.

Arched greenhouses

has an arc-shaped roof, which allows the plants to receive more light, because the sun's rays are scattered on an arc-shaped surface, giving light and warmth to our carefully nurtured green breadwinners.

And in winter, it does not accumulate on the arched roof - accordingly, your greenhouse is not in danger of deformation or destruction (unless, of course, you carefully strengthened its frame and foundation).

Shed greenhouses

Shed greenhouse usually adjoins with one wall to some solid country house. And some summer residents attach it to the southern part of the country house.

Although there is another option: equip a greenhouse. But this - extra hassle: the stove must be heated regularly and constantly monitored temperature regime. When building a winter greenhouse with your own hands, you must definitely put it on a solid foundation and strengthen the base and roof well. Indeed, under the weight of snow, the structure can easily be deformed, or even completely destroyed, alas ... and it happens.

It is possible to build the so-called thermos greenhouse, which is deepened into the ground by 2 m. Accordingly, you need:

1. dig a ditch under it,
2. strengthen the foundation
3. build walls from thermoblocks,
4. make special insulation,
5. conduct heating and perform a lot of laborious and financially costly work.

Therefore, such greenhouses are built with their own hands much less often than others.

Summer greenhouses are usually called greenhouses, the frame of which is covered with a dense plastic film. This is the easiest and cheapest option for sheathing, and with careful use, plastic wrap is quite capable of lasting a couple of seasons.

Under the film greenhouses, as a rule, a wooden frame is built, on which in the spring light movements of our caring handles, a dense polyethylene film is thrown over and attached to wooden base ordinary nails with a wide hat (can be fixed with special building buttons). And you can use plastic PVC pipes () for the frame. It is not very difficult to build a film greenhouse with your own hands, even for summer residents who do not have good construction skills. Therefore, I will tell you about the construction of a film greenhouse with a PVC frame. So let's get started.

I hope you have already identified a flat and southern place for a greenhouse. Next, you need to draw up a plan for the greenhouse and take into account the consumption and cost of the material needed for construction. And the material will need the following:

• and, which are pre-impregnated with an antiseptic to protect against decay. It is possible to cover the wooden parts of the greenhouse with drying oil 2-3 times, soak with hot resin, or roast with an ordinary blowtorch;
• polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes;
• thick polyethylene film;
• metal bars (reinforcement), 1m high;
• nails and screws;
• special hinges for doors and windows;
• lock and handles (door and window);
• metal loops for fixing PVC pipes (see photo below).

Stage 1

At the first stage of work, you need prepare a flat area for the greenhouse, tamp it well and knock down the boards treated with an antiseptic around the perimeter. At the corners of the box of boards, it is necessary to strengthen the reinforcement, as shown in the photo.

Stage 2

Fasten several bars of reinforcement along the perimeter of the foundation at an equal distance from each other. For a 3 x 6 m greenhouse, you will need 30-35 rods. Dig the rods into the ground to a depth of 40-50 cm and strengthen them well, because they are designed to hold a fairly large weight. The height of the rods above the ground must be at least 60 cm.

Stage 3

Now you should put pre-cut PVC pipes on well-reinforced rods, which will connect opposite reinforcing rods to each other.

Stage 4

Fix PVC pipes metal hinges using a screwdriver.

Stage 5

Next, reinforce the structure with a bar with a section of at least 50x50 mm.

Stage 6

To ensure the stability of the frame, further strengthen the corners of the structure with a beam:

Stage 7

Fasten several PVC pipes together so that the total length of the resulting pipe is equal to the length of the greenhouse, and then attach the long pipe to the transverse frame arcs.

Stage 8

Now cover the frame with a thick plastic wrap. It is attached with special brackets (you can use wooden lath, which more securely fixes the film, preventing it from tearing).

Stage 9

Cover the back and front of the frame with foil, and, tightening the front part where the doorway is marked, bend the film inward.