Decorative beans. Decorative beans as a decoration for a summer cottage

Along with potatoes, tomatoes and corn, beans are another "vegetable" gift that America has given the world. This plant has spread throughout the world and has penetrated into the gastronomic cultures of almost all countries. Due to its nutritional properties - high content of protein and microelements - beans are one of the most favorite dishes of vegetarians and just people who prefer a healthy diet.

plant for decoration

However, beans are not only tasty and healthy, but also beautiful. Even the ordinary bush variety beans can decorate the garden or household plot flowers unusually bright as for an agricultural crop, so what can we say about such a miracle as ornamental variety beans.

The dignity of this culture is in a rare combination of practical nutritional value and aesthetic beauty of the plant. Being essentially a common, edible bean, the ornamental variety is no less productive than its bush relative. From 10 m2 at proper care and fertilizer, it can produce up to 20 kilograms of fruit. decorative beans, planting and caring for which is not too energy-intensive - the reason why this crop is a frequent guest in gardens and household plots.

True, she still requires a certain treatment with herself. This concerns mainly the creation of specific conditions for its growth. However, very soon, the beans will pay back all the efforts spent on caring for them: 25-30 days after planting, the beans will be magnificently covered with flowers, and then the turn of fruits will come.

Beans in landscape design

As the name implies, purple decorative curly beans needs vertical planes or special props, because such a plant for decoration is able to "climb" to a height of up to 5 meters, and sometimes even higher. As such a support for the beans, a chain-link mesh, specially stretched ropes on poles, can serve. However, the wall, which must first be provided with cords, is also perfect.

Curly bean vines will perfectly decorate a garden, a personal plot, a house yard, an arbor or a fence. With it, you can create a natural canopy that provides shade. The advantage of ornamental beans is that they will delight with their flowers from July to October.

In order to minimal cost forces, means and time to give your site sophisticated look and create a vertically oriented decorative background for other, "horizontal" colors, you can take the advice of designers and cock a cone-shaped flower bed.

"Flower cone" begins with determining the place where the flower bed will be located, after which a circle is outlined, and a pole is dug into its center. Its length depends on individual preferences, however, the degree of protection of the site from the wind should be taken into account (if the structure is too high, it can simply be knocked down by a gust of wind).

Further along the circumference, pegs are driven in, to which ropes are tied. The ends of the cords are fixed at the top of the pole. Decorative curly beans are planted near the pegs. After the entrances and the appearance of the stems, the latter will wrap around the ropes and stretch upwards.

As the beans grow, a pretty cone will form, covered with bright colors and greenery. Around this "pyramid" you can plant ornamental plants or break beds: vertically oriented geometric figures go well with horizontal-planar decoration.

Landing and care

The technology of growing beans does not require any complex knowledge and skills, and even a person who is not very experienced in gardening and crop production can do this. It will only require compliance with a number of necessary rules and a desire to decorate your site.

Beans are grown in two ways:

• landing in the ground;
• sowing seedlings.

The first method is the least labor intensive. Planting seeds in open ground produced in late May or early June. 2-3 seeds are laid in one hole, the distance between the nests is at least 20 centimeters.

The second method, although it requires more effort, is more productive and allows you to achieve more early flowering. Seedlings are being prepared at home. It is best to do this not earlier than the end of April - the beginning of May, since the seedlings can “outgrow”, and it is better to transplant more young plant. In addition, it may be difficult to transport it to the site.

Pre-soak the seeds and put them in a wet cloth for a couple of days. After this period, the beans are laid in the ground to a depth of about 1 centimeter. Seedlings should appear on about day 4, after two weeks you need to fertilize liquid top dressing nitrogen based. The best option: for one seed - a separate pot.

Ofosch is transplanted into the ground around the beginning of June, when it is already warm and definitely will not freeze. Seedlings should be planted very carefully, otherwise they can be damaged. root system and the plant will die. The distance between seedlings is 15-20 centimeters.

Proper fertilization of the plant is the key to it rapid growth. As a top dressing for beans, it is good to use humus, the layer of which should be at least 5 centimeters. During the summer, several top dressings are usually carried out with the help of full mineral fertilizer, but it is not worth abusing droppings and manure.

It should be remembered about the moisture-loving nature of this plant and water it abundantly. It requires especially abundant watering from July to August. If these requirements are met, the beans are able to bloom even in the midst of autumn.

Growing Features

In addition to fertilizing and watering, beans also require weeding and loosening. Mulching the soil with straw will help keep loosening and watering to a minimum.

Some useful tips:

1. After the height of the seedlings has reached 15-17 centimeters, they need to be spudded, and the tops wrapped around the support.
2. Curly beans need more nitrogen than bush varieties.
3. The 1st top dressing is done before hilling, the 2nd - around mid-July, and the 3rd is done in early August.
4. When applying top dressing, care must be taken so that the fertilizer does not get on the leaves, otherwise the plant will get “burns”.

Harvest time depends on the variety of curly beans: early varieties give a harvest already 2 months after the first shoots, late ones - after 100 days. A sign of full ripening of the beans is the dryness of their valves.

Most different types green beans and grain beans have long and with pleasure been used by humans as food crops and green manure. But at the same time, one more role of the plant is not forgotten. Curly beans are decorative and have been taking pride of place among the garden, greenhouse and even a modest balcony for three and a half centuries.

The advantage of decorative curly beans is:

• high growth rate, which allows greening large vertical surfaces during the spring-summer season;
• unpretentiousness;
• a variety of shapes and colors appearing on the shoots of inflorescences;
• long-term preservation of attractiveness due to the presence of not only spectacular inflorescences, but also pods, sometimes striking with an unusual appearance;
• the possibility of using the green mass of the plant for green fertilizers and composts;
• soil enrichment with nitrogen accumulating on the roots of plants of this family.

The only thing to consider when planting beans is the thermophilicity of the plant and the culture's need for light and abundant nutrition.

Properly using the ability of the plant to climb to a height of 2 to 5 meters and combining different varieties of curly beans, you can equip unusual green arbors, create arches in the garden and ennoble the most unpresentable corners and hedges.

It is important that several plants are used for landscaping today. independent species belonging to the legume family, but having unique properties and appearance. Moreover, all these crops are valued both as ornamentals and as vegetable plants.

Common beans of curly varieties are well known and loved by Russian gardeners. An annual plant native to Latin America, perfectly combines the properties vegetable crop, supplying green pods and mature seeds to the table, and highly decorative. Curly beans in height can reach from 1.5 to 3 meters, a month after sowing forms the first inflorescences, and with proper care, fertilizing and flowering and the formation of pods continues until mid-autumn.

Components decorative effect is small, but numerous flowers of various colors, and dense foliage, and pods hanging from the stems of varying degrees of maturity. Regular harvesting of string beans on many varieties of climbing beans stimulates the formation of new buds, which prolongs the life of the living and fences.

If the flowers of ordinary beans, depending on the variety, can be white, lilac, pinkish or cream, then Turkish beans or, as this catchy plant is also called, fiery red beans strike with scarlet inflorescences. It is interesting that this species, which came to the territory of Russia two centuries before the usual vegetable beans, has not found wide distribution as garden plant, but firmly settled in greenhouses and gardens.

Turkish beans are very unpretentious and with minimal care grow up to 3-4.5 meters. When planted early, plants bloom from mid-June to late September. If until recently summer cottages were decorated with creepers that bloom only with bright red racemose inflorescences, today there are varieties of curly beans that give two-color, salmon, burgundy and completely white flowers.

Plants are distinguished by numerous large foliage, which, like most legumes, has three divided lobes. In the presence of a strong support, the whips willingly climb to great heights, easily braiding lattices, hedges and even tree crowns.

Young pods of this type of curly ornamental bean are inedible due to tough fibers and substances harmful to human digestion. The valves of such beans are densely pubescent. Inside the pod can be from three to six seeds of purple-pink color, characteristic which are contrasting dark strokes over the entire surface.

Mature seeds after soaking in taste and nutritional value are not inferior to hulled beans of cultivated varieties.

At their summer cottage, Turkish beans can also be used to create vertical gardening, and to create green shelters from the wind for heat-loving crops, such as melons or grapes.

Another spectacular annual plant from the legume family is rightly called curly lilac. With this ornamental shrubs dolichos, lablab or hyacinth beans are related by the shade of flowers and the appearance of large, uniting up to four dozen buds, inflorescences.

In Russia and other regions with a temperate climate, this ornamental climbing bean is sown in the spring, and by autumn the plants finish their growing season. But in Africa and Asia, where the climate is warmer, and the daylight hours are longer, dolichos is a large, constantly flowering perennial.

Under favorable weather conditions, varieties of curly beans of this species grow up to 1.5–3 meters and very quickly master the supports prepared for them most different forms and designs. Thanks to abundant flowering and large three-lobed leaves, hyacinth beans create a dense decorative coating. Moreover, depending on the variety, the purple color can extend not only to the inflorescences and valves of the beans, but also to the stems and even leaf blades.

Today, gardeners have at their disposal varieties that delight both traditionally lilac and purple flowers, and revealing white, pink, purple and even two-tone buds. Inflorescences appear from the sinuses, flowers that remain attractive for up to three days open alternately, and the entire brush lives from 20 to 30 days.

Interestingly, dolichos is a rare ornamental curly bean that has a pleasant smell, so large inflorescences are sometimes included in bouquets. Flowers easily tolerate cutting and remain in water for up to 10–14 days. With the completion of flowering, the plants do not lose their decorative effect. Purple, purple or dark green curly beans are grouped in clusters of 5-15 and in late summer are no less showy than flowering beans. The length of the pod on average ranges from 8 to 12 cm.

Elliptical, laterally compressed seeds of black or brown color ripen in pods. On seeds not exceeding 1–1.5 cm in length, a white scar is clearly visible. The seeds are edible and have been used as food by the peoples of North Africa for many thousands of years, and today they are a type of climbing ornamental bean suitable for planting in the garden and growing in balcony boxes.

The name of the amazing climbing plant was given by the snail, which is so similar to the flowers of this variety of climbing beans. Vigna Caracalla or, according to an alternative classification, Cochliasanthus caracalla is perennial native to the tropics South America. Vigna is one of largest species among cultivated varieties of curly beans. The shoots of cowpea Caracalla are able to climb to a height of up to 7 meters.

In the homeland of culture it is a perennial, but in temperate climate cultivated as an annual crop, and the species is quite thermophilic, therefore, wanting to save the plant for the winter, it is transferred to a room or to a heated greenhouse. Vignu, like other varieties of beans, is distinguished by a high rate of development and growth. Therefore, even when short summer middle lane winding decorative beans successfully braid hedges, terraces and arches. Vigna is attached to vertical surfaces with strong mustaches. The shape and appearance of the leaves of this crop differs little from other types of beans, but the flowers are truly unique.

The petals that make up the corolla are twisted like a dense spiral. The diameter of the flower can reach 3-5 cm. Depending on the variety and age of the flower, the color can vary from white, yellowish or cream to purple and violet. The cowpea inflorescence is a brush, in which there can be 5–12 gradually opening buds.

The flowers of this variety of curly beans are fragrant and quite long-lived. If the plant planted in the garden is not exposed to frost and cold wind, then its flowering lasts from July to the end of September.

As a balcony culture, it is better to pinch a large plant in order to control the length of the shoots and periodically provoke flowering. For the cowpea, they arrange supports from a rope net, onto which the growing stems are immediately directed. If you move mature plant, you can easily break off fairly fragile shoots.

Most unusual view curly ornamental beans first came to the territory of Russia quite recently, just a few years ago. But winged beans are well known in Goa, Thailand and New Guinea and other countries of this region.

Here, beans with pods of an unusual form for Russians have long been used for food. Moreover, for the preparation of culinary dishes, not only green juicy shoulder blades with four fancy lobes and mature seeds are used, but also inflorescences and powerful three-lobed foliage. In the local folk medicine the plant is recognized as curative, which today is confirmed by European experts.

As decorative curly beans, winged beans are grown, like cowpea, trying to protect from wind and cold. AT Russian conditions- This is an annual plant, reaching a height of 5 meters in the spring-summer season.

Inflorescences of winged beans are racemose, large, up to 15 cm in length. In each such brush, you can count from 5 to 15 blue, cream or two-color corollas up to 3 cm in diameter. After flowering, this variety of curly beans forms amazing tetrahedral blades, which, depending on growing conditions and variety, grow up to 10-25 cm in length. On the individual plants there are truly giant beans up to 40 cm long.

Inside the pod, from 5 to 20 almost round smooth seeds ripen with a diameter of up to 10 mm. The color of edible grains can be varied. At different varieties Curly beans of this species come in brown, brown, yellow and black seeds.

How to plant beans near a support - video

Curly beans can simultaneously produce a bountiful harvest of tasty fruits and serve as a decoration of the site. Plant curly beans along the fence, near the veranda or terrace, wind the gazebo - here you have a beautiful screen, and shelter from the sun, and a prolific vegetable. This bean grows quickly - within 30 days after sowing, its shoots will reach a length of 2 m and will be covered with beautiful moth flowers.

Planting curly beans in open ground

Curly beans are sown directly into the ground in the second half of May, when the threat spring frosts becomes smaller, and the soil warms up well. It is better to plant it in a place protected from the wind in fertile neutral soil.

Bean seeds are soaked in advance and even germinated, and then sown in several pieces near each support to a depth of up to 5 cm. Seedlings will appear in 7-10 days. If suddenly there is a threat of frost, it is better to cover them, because beans are a heat-loving plant and can freeze slightly.

Curly bean care

Bean care consists of watering and weeding. The land under planting should be kept in a slightly damp loose state, so it is best to mulch it. It should be remembered that beans do not like excessive waterlogging.

Curly bean top dressing

You can carry out 3 feeding of beans per season: in June, in mid-July and in early August (the last one). You can feed both mineral and organic fertilizers. When fertilizing, you need to make sure that they do not fall on the leaves. Top dressing is best combined with watering and subsequent loosening.

Support for curly beans

Bean shoots grow quickly and once they reach a length of 20 cm, they need to be directed to a support. If you miss this moment, the shoots will begin to trail randomly, and then it will be impossible to start them in the right direction. Having received support, the bean stalks begin to grow at an even faster rate. When they reach a length of 2-2.5 m, they should be pinched for better branching and ripening of the crop.

The support for climbing beans can be stretched cords or wire, rods 2-3 m long or a special net.

Harvesting curly beans

Early varieties of beans begin to bear fruit 60 days after germination, late-ripening - after 100 or more days. bountiful harvest can be collected for a long time, up to frost. Curly beans can be both grain and asparagus. Particular attention should be paid to maturation. asparagus beans so that her shoulder blades do not overripe.

I. Kalacheva, Karaganda

Curly Bean Video

See the experience of growing curly beans of the Korovka variety from the Tula region. To get beautiful two-color beans with a delicate taste, with a thin, quick-cooking skin, you need to pay due attention to the care of the beans. Bean Korovka gives good shoots, grows intensively and gains a powerful vegetative mass. Therefore, the development of the plant must be monitored, placed on supports and tied up if necessary, otherwise all the stems will intertwine and the harvest will be small.

At the word beans, a person intuitively imagines leguminous culture, which has been used for food since ancient times. But it turns out that there is a type of bean that can still be used in decorative purposes, such a plant is popular and well known to almost all gardeners and flower growers. decorative beans climbing plant can also be eaten, except for the purple bean variety.

Among flower lovers, curly beans are often used in their summer cottages for decorative purposes, as it is easy to plant and the plant is unpretentious in care. Therefore, novice flower growers often decorate their gardens and plots with such a plant. In addition, the bean has many other advantages, thanks to which it has gained such popularity.

Advantages of decorative beans

All over the world there are great amount different varieties curly beans, of which the most popular can be identified.

Planting ornamental beans

Like most plants, it can be planted from seeds directly in open ground or first into seedlings. Any method is good in its own way, so which one to choose is up to everyone. With any method used, landing will give good results, if you observe some nuances.

Planting for seedlings

In order for the seedlings to grow and get stronger before planting in open ground, experts advise sowing ornamental beans at the end of March. But before you start sowing, you need to prepare containers in advance, it is best to use peat pots, which can be bought at any specialized store. Beans do not need to be pre-sprouted Therefore, unsprouted seeds are placed in pots to a depth of no more than 1.5 centimeters. Place one seed in each pot. Next, you need to moisten the soil and leave it alone until germination. For maximum comfort, seedlings should be in a room with a temperature of +18 to +22 ⁰ C.

When the plant reaches 10 centimeters in height, it will be necessary to make a support for it. Transplant seedlings in open ground permanent place needed before inflorescences begin to form on it. And also for better adaptation, seedlings are planted along with the land in which it grew.

Landing in open ground

It is necessary to plant curly beans with seeds in open ground when the threat of night frosts has passed. The main guideline for beginner flower growers is the planting of cucumbers, which, like beans, are afraid of frost. Therefore, sowing must be done in the first half of May, when the soil warms up to the required temperature (from +12 to +14 ⁰ C). A place for landing is chosen such that it is well warmed up by the sun. And also experts advise planting beans in the area where potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers or cabbage grew before. Seeds for planting will need to be prepared in advance, for this, the beans are poured with a solution of potassium permanganate (1%) and left to stand for 20 minutes.

After the expiration of the period, the seeds are planted in the ground, 3 beans in each hole to a depth of no more than 2 centimeters. The distance between the holes should be about 30 centimeters. Simultaneously with landing, it is also necessary to immediately install a support with a height of at least 3 meters. It is better to use as a support wooden structures, since the beans do not curl around plastic and iron.

Care

Although curly beans are unpretentious in their care, they still need timely watering, weeding and fertilizing. In addition, the young plant is afraid low temperatures therefore, if necessary, the young will need to be covered with a film. Optimum temperature, at which the plant will grow normally, +18 ⁰ C is considered. If this figure is lower, then warming is required.

Watering is very important for ornamental beans, especially during the dry season. Features of watering plants is that you need to water carefully from the watering can into the middle of the beds so that water does not fall on the inflorescences. Water is better to use warm, settled and without chlorine.

Timely feeding of the plant is also important and will only benefit. It is best to use beans as a top dressing organic compounds. Fresh manure cannot be used. Experienced gardeners often fertilize in advance the place where the beans will be planted. It is especially effective to mulch with hay, sawdust or straw. But you also need to remember that when using complex fertilizers, which contain superphosphate, you need to make sure that not a single drop of the substance gets on the leaves and flowers of the plant, since if it gets on the foliage, the plant can get burned, which in some cases will be difficult to fix somehow.

Gardeners take up growing beans on their plots to get beans or juicy and healthy green pods, but climbing varieties This crop is often planted for decorative purposes. The plant gives abundant long flowering red, white or pink inflorescences that look good on dense foliage. With the help of decorative beans, you can decorate any fence or an inconspicuous corner in the country, near the house.

seedling method

The method of growing ornamental beans through seedlings is used extremely rarely, mainly seedlings are sown in the northern regions, where the probability remains for a long time return frosts. Plants are painful to transplant, so they need to be planted carefully.

The beans for sowing are selected larger, they are carefully examined for damage, then the planting material must be soaked in a barely pinkish solution of manganese for two hours, after which the seeds are washed and left in warm water until they swell.

Planting prepared beans should be done in small pots or a container with a moist substrate, but when transplanting, you will have to capture a large clod of earth along with the roots, so the distance between seedlings should be appropriate, and this process is easier with pots.

It is not necessary to deepen the seeds too much. 2-3 cm is enough, 2 beans are usually planted in each glass or hole for safety net. Germination of seeds occurs at an air temperature of 18 to 22 degrees Celsius. If the seedlings are in pots for more than 30 days due to the impossibility of transplanting them, it is necessary to build supports in the form of small pegs for the plants.

Pinching the tops of ornamental beans is not done. Transfer to the place of growth is done when weather do not imply a cold snap, and the soil has warmed up sufficiently, while the seedlings should have two true leaves.

Growing without seedlings

Sowing seeds in the soil is done in the spring, before that they must be soaked in warm water for 24 hours, gardeners recommend adding growth stimulant preparations to it. The prepared planting material is planted on a pre-moistened bed to a depth of 1 cm. 3 beans are laid in the planting pits, the distance between them along the row is maintained at about 20-40 cm. Normal seed development occurs at an air temperature of 21-24 degrees Celsius.

Site selection and preparation

Ornamental beans are planted for the purpose of landscaping cottages, arbors, fences, balconies or houses, but it is desirable to allocate a sunny place for culture without drafts, although it will grow and bloom even in partial shade. The soil is prepared in the fall, it is desirable that it be fertile and have a lightweight structure. The soil is dug up and brought into it organic fertilizers(humus, compost) about 5 kg per 1 m², for this, complex mixtures that contain superfryate will do. AT spring period the site is simply loosened.

When to plant

When planting bean seeds in the ground optimal time the middle and end of May is considered, when the soil is well warmed up and frosts are no longer expected. If you have to grow ornamental beans seedling way, then sowing planting material take place from the middle to the end of April.

seasonal care

After hatching the seedlings, they must be piled up for stability, and then manually directed in a certain direction. If there is a possibility of freezing, the bean sprouts should be carefully covered nonwoven fabric or film. In order for the soil around the plantings to better retain moisture, it should be mulched with sawdust or straw.

Watering plants should be moderate, after which it is customary to loosen the soil. Plant feeding is carried out at the beginning of the growing season and in its middle, using superphosphate.

Collection of planting material

The collection of decorative beans is carried out in autumn period when they are already ripe enough, and the pods are well split. Before harvesting for storage, the seeds must be warmed up in the sun for 3-4 days so that they finally ripen, after which they can be collected in paper bag and place in a slightly cool but dry place.