When to plant seedlings of fruit trees in spring. Planting seedlings of fruit trees and shrubs in spring

Ideal time for gardening own site counts autumn time. Alas, it is not always possible to plant seedlings in the ground before the onset of frost. What to do? The answer is simple - to postpone planting until the onset of heat.

Planting trees in spring starts from the moment the snow retreats and ends a couple of weeks before bud break. At this time, the plants are still in a dormant state. As soon as the trees begin to wake up (even before the buds appear), planting work cannot be carried out.

Before you start spring gardening, here are a few tips from the pros. Using them, you will significantly increase the chances of survival of your plants.

• Pay Special attention to the ground. It is not necessary to plant trees in frozen ground. They are unlikely to survive. Checking the ground is frozen is easy, if when excavating a pit it takes a lot of strength to drive a shovel into the ground - the ground is too frozen.
• Roots each plant is desirable in addition soak in clay mash- this will increase traction with the ground.
• Be sure to introduce fertilizer to the bottom of the pit- a couple of buckets of manure are perfect.
• Planting trees in the spring (photo at the top right, and video at the end of the article) is carried out at least two people. While one digs in a seedling, the second holds it in place.

If desired, all types of work can be done for your money by our professional gardeners. Not only will they quickly and efficiently land, the specialists will show you the entire technological process absolutely free of charge.

Planting trees in spring - timing of work

to plant perennials novice gardeners start only with the onset of heat. Eventually most of seedlings die in the first couple of weeks. The fact is that it is possible to engage in planting work only when the seedlings are in a state of sleep. As soon as the plant begins to awaken (the first buds appear), planting it in a new place does not make sense. It won't survive.

Landing fruit trees spring begins almost immediately after the snow melted. A few days after the last lump disappeared in the yard, do not be lazy and check if the earth has warmed up enough. If the soil temperature is acceptable, feel free to start gardening.

Features of spring gardening

Most people prefer to plant in the middle of autumn, as the young grow well through the winter and grow well when the weather warms up. Most often, after planting plants in their places, they are fertilized mineral compositions. This is the standard procedure for autumn.

Landing fruit trees spring is a little different. As fertilizers, a natural product in the form of manure is used (it is poured to the bottom of the pit). Special mineral fertilizers are not introduced into the soil. As soon as the seedling gets used to the new place a little (approximately in 5-7 days), the so-called growth activators can be introduced into the soil. These are nitrogen based fertilizers. They contribute to the rapid germination of new shoots.

Landing coniferous trees spring differs in special trepidation in relation to a sapling. It is the warm period that is considered the most dangerous for transplanting needles. She is too sensitive to the sun. Therefore, with spring period time, you need to carefully select a place for the future tree. The main criteria: partial shade, plenty of moisture.

Optimal time planting trees in spring for our latitudes - from mid-April to early May, depending on weather conditions. It is impossible to measure the optimal interval more precisely in advance, you need to look at the change in the weather in the spring. As practice has shown, last years The climate began to change at a relatively rapid pace.

How will we plant?

The rules for planting trees in spring are the same as in autumn. Here are just foundation pits for seedlings, it is desirable to prepare before winter. During the "downtime" the earth can be saturated with all kinds of fertilizers. By April you will have excellent pits with ideal ground for the young.

Planting trees in the spring is carried out according to the standard scheme:

1. Manure is poured into the prepared pit and sprinkled with a thin ball of soil.
2. The plant is carefully placed in the hole and dug in. At the end, the soil is gently pressed down with your feet.
3. At the end of planting, the tree is tied to a pre-prepared peg and watered.

After the landing work All that remains is to enjoy the result of the work done.

Planting trees in spring video

If it becomes necessary to plant trees and shrubs in the garden, then you need to follow certain rules. This is where I ran into some problems. From my grandfather got a house in the village, where there was a fairly large garden. I would like to save valuable trees, as well as plant new ones, so that children and grandchildren have a place to relax and live.

Ennobling the territory, it is necessary to remove old plantings, plant new plants. The main principles that guide me, I decided to reflect in this article.

Planning helps to distribute the territory according to different purposes. In conditions countryside(sometimes in cities) plots are allocated for individual housing construction. On them, in addition to a residential building, part of the land is allocated for green spaces.

Plantings of shrubs and trees are distributed on the plan. Recreation areas are defined that cannot be imagined without trees. Usually in gardens they try to have:

• 1…2 apple trees early varieties maturation;
• 3…4 apple trees of late ripening varieties with long-term storage harvest;
• 1…2 pears different varieties, selection is needed for reliable pollination;
• 1 ... 3 cherry and cherry trees;
• 1…3 apricots early term maturation;
• 2 ... 5 currant bushes (black, red, white, yellow);
• 2 ... 3 gooseberry bushes (green, black);
• 3 ... 5 raspberry and blackberry bushes;
• 2 ... 3 bushes of honeysuckle;

In addition to fruit and berry plants planting perennials and ornamental plants. They are pleasing to the eye, decorate the site.

When to plant trees and shrubs in the garden

Autumn plantings

Residents of the Central and Southern regions try to plant in the autumn. They explain their preferences with a number of advantages:

• available in autumn big choice a wide variety of varieties. Zoned plants are selected, they take root better in the autumn-winter period;
• stone fruit crops during autumn acquisition are planted less often, they are added dropwise for spring planting, cover with a layer of non-woven fabric, and on top with snow;
• you need to perform one or two irrigations, the rest of the irrigations are organized by nature, in the fall it rains torrentially;
• in autumn period the gardener has more free time to devote to seedlings.

Disadvantages of autumn planting seedlings:

• autumn colds may suddenly come, then all work will have to be postponed in anticipation of warm days;
• at high location ground water additional measures are needed to overcome root freezing. Mounds are poured and plants are planted on them;
• at a small amount rains (dry autumn) you will often have to water the plantings;
• prices in autumn are slightly higher than in spring;
• need protection from hares and other winter garden pests.

Based on long-term observations, the main proposals for planting seedlings for the regions were formulated Russian Federation(table 2).

Spring planting of trees and shrubs

With the onset of spring, gardeners try to make use of the special conditions that occur after the snow melts. The soil is saturated with moisture to the maximum. When planting, plants actively develop, form roots, without fear of freezing.

In the south, plantings are organized in March, in the central regions the snow finally melts only in April. It's landing time. In the Northern regions, planting is carried out in the first decade of May.

In the spring, stone fruits (cherries, sweet cherries, honeysuckle and others) take root quite easily. Within a week after planting, the root system grows quite intensively.

When planting trees, the root neck should be left above the soil level. If it is deepened, then the plant develops slowly. Sometimes you can observe the fading of the development of a tree.

In apple trees, pears, apricots, when the root neck is deepened, you can never wait for flowering and the appearance of fruits.

Benefits of planting in the spring

• on the trading floors choice planting plants quite extensive;
• prices are usually lower than in autumn, and the quality is higher;
• easier to check the quality of the roots in plastic container, plants can be lifted and see the state;
• the soil is sufficiently moist, bushes and trees take root easier;
• you need to have time to plant seedlings before bud break;
• spring for the gardener is created comfortable temperature, high spirits.
• many plants begin to bloom leaves, you may not have time to plant before the leaves appear. Plants in this case may die;
• during spring planting, it is necessary to treat near-stem areas for pests;
• in the spring, the seedlings need to pull the wire or support pegs.

Rules for planting trees on tall rootstocks

1. Planting large trees requires extracting deep holes 0.8 ... 0.9 (length) x 0.8 ... 0.9 (width) x 0.6 ... 0.8 (depth) m.
2. More often they dig rectangular holes (tradition).
3. At the bottom is a small mound of fertile soil. Can be filled with humus or high peat.
4. Install the seedling vertically. A support peg is placed nearby.
5. Sprinkle a hole, holding a tree. It is necessary to trample down the earth around the root.
6. An irrigation circle is formed around the trunk.
7. After planting, pour at least two buckets of water.

Rules for planting trees on dwarf and low-growing rootstocks, as well as shrubs

1. We need landing pits 0.4 ... 0.6 (length) x0.4 ... 0.6 (width) x 0.4 ... 0.6 (depth) m.
2. Pour on the bottom complex fertilizer, for example, nitrophoska. Norm 40 ... 50 g.
3. Spread the roots over the existing pit.
4. The seedling is kept in vertical position, sprinkled with humus, fertile soil or peat mixture.
5. Be sure to compact the soil around the trunk.
6. Form an irrigation circle.
7. More often, several plants are planted.
8. Install supporting pillars, a wire is stretched between them.
9. The branches are further stretched along the wire.

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Plant care in the first year after planting

During the first year of life, plants need constant care. While the tree or bush is young, formative pruning should be performed.

Top dressing is carried out at intervals of 18 ... 25 days. At the same time, part of the fertilizer is sprinkled in the trunk part. Useful foliar top dressing, which is performed by spraying a solution in which there are:

• 15…25 g nitrogen fertilizers(mainly urea);
• 20…25 g phosphate fertilizers(superphosphate);
• 12…15 g potash fertilizers(potassium salt).

All mineral fertilizers are dissolved in 10 liters of water, then applied to a bush or tree using a garden sprayer.

1. From the first decade of June to mid-July, feeding with chicken manure is useful.
2. 200 g of chicken manure is placed in a bucket of 20 liters.
3. Insist at least five days.
4. Filter the liquid. Solid inclusions can be buried at some distance from the root (1 ... 2 m).
5. The liquid is diluted in a ratio of 1: 20.
6. They water it trunk circle. Approximately 10 liters per large tree and 5 liters per bush.

Green fertilizers for seedlings

From June to mid-September, "green" fertilizers are used.

1. Grass is accumulated in the barrel, they try to fill it to the top.
2. They pour water. Close the lid, and in its absence, cover with plastic wrap.
3. Insist at least 10 days. The liquid ferments vigorously.
4. At the end of fermentation, the lid is removed.
5. Solid inclusions are taken out and used as mulch.
6. The solution is diluted 1 to 10. They are watered with young trees and seedlings. Under the trees, you can pour 7 ... 10 liters of solution. 3 ... 5 liters of "green" fertilizer are poured under the bushes.

Conclusion

1. Trees and shrubs are planted in early spring or late autumn.
2. They try to plant pome crops in the fall, and stone fruits in the spring.
3. Care and feeding are organized for young plants.

Every spring, all gardeners are overcome by "planting disease". It begins as soon as the snow melts, and it is hardly possible to get rid of its symptoms until the end of May. Occasionally there are summer residents who do not run around the markets and nurseries in the spring in search of seedlings - they planted everything in the fall. So, when is it better to plant trees - in autumn or in spring?

Theoretically, trees can be planted all year round as long as the ground is not frozen. The most important thing for a planted tree is the fullest possible contact of the roots with the ground. If the soil is frozen, it will not be possible to compact it enough to provide such contact. If the roots of the tree hang in the void, it will not be able to replenish the moisture evaporated above-ground part. After all, the fact that trees “sleep” in winter does not mean that they do not lose moisture.
If you plant a tree in the middle of summer, for example, the biggest problem will again be increased evaporation of moisture, which, however, can be replenished with frequent watering.
Thus, trees can be successfully planted at any time of the year.
The main thing is to land correctly and provide thorough care. True, why create additional difficulties for yourself and the seedling, if there are optimal timing landings that reduce these difficulties to a minimum?

The period of physiological or forced rest, when the trees "sleep" in anticipation favorable conditions for vegetation, and is optimal for planting. Hibernation begins as soon as trees will fall foliage, and lasts until the opening of the kidneys. The tree does not care when exactly during this period it will be planted. However, there are a number of factors that are important for the gardener. Let's consider these factors in more detail.

So, consider the reasons why you should not plant trees in the fall:
If the winter is exceptionally cold (as it was literally two years ago), the planted trees may freeze slightly. In addition, they can be damaged by heavy snow, ice, wind and other weather disasters.
Trees planted in the fall can be damaged by rodents or simply stolen if your garden is left unattended during the winter.
At the same time, there are significant advantages of autumn planting seedlings:

• In autumn, there is a rich choice of planting material, since it is during this period that nurseries begin selling seedlings.
• If you plant trees in autumn, one watering will be enough, coolness and frequent rains will take care of your pets even without your participation.
• If the winter is not too severe, the soil will not freeze to the depth of the roots. In this case, the planted tree will grow suction roots over the winter and heal the wounds caused by the transplant.

In the spring, the gardener-gardener has a lot of work: he needs not only to plant trees, but also to take care of the old garden, prepare the garden for planting, and so on and so forth. It's not so bad to do something in advance, freeing up time for other worries.
As you can see, there are more pluses in the autumn planting than minuses. So if you've been planting trees in the fall, keep doing the same. Now let's see if you should succumb to the "planting disease" in the spring and plant a couple more seedlings.

Why is it problematic to plant trees in spring:

• During spring planting, it is necessary to water the seedling twice: during planting and a day later, loosen the ground and cover with mulch. Further, you will also have to water the planted tree often, especially if the weather is hot or windy.
• If the spring planting is late, then the planted tree will have a significantly reduced chance of surviving. If the tree has not yet taken on, as it should, and the sap flow has already begun, then it will only come out by providing special care, which not every amateur gardener can do.
• In the spring, the market for planting material is poor - much is sold out in the fall.

During the winter, you have the opportunity to prepare theoretically, draw up a planting plan, on the basis of which you can already order seedlings - there will be no hasty decisions.
Winter is not such a “dead” season for a gardener: you can prepare pits, tools, and generally put the garden in order without rushing.
If you can't secure the site, you won't have to worry about planting trees all winter.
If you plant trees in the spring, they get one more year of vegetation - if you plant in the fall, you would have a crop a year later.
As you can see, there are more pluses here. So, if your “hands itch” to plant a tree, plant without looking back at those who mumble that it’s not right. That's right, this way, and that way. After weighing all the pros and cons, choose the most suitable time for you to plant trees.
Be sure to take into account the local weather and features. Residents of the southern regions, of course, are better off planting trees in the fall. There, the autumn is long and warm, and the spring is too quickly replaced by a hot summer. And the northerners better watch out for the harsh winter and plant trees in the spring. However, if you did not have time to plant something in March-April, postpone it until the fall. And if you don’t have time in the fall, fill in the gap next spring. Most importantly, plant trees and take care of them with love!

I hope you don’t think that planting a tree means digging a hole, sticking a seedling in there and filling it with earth?
In scientific terms, for a successful planting process, a number of rules must be followed under which the tree could form an active functional root system as quickly as possible, i.e. so that it takes root and receives the necessary substances and moisture for the development of the crown.
I wanted to talk about these rules, and for this you need to answer 3 questions, namely, what? as? when? Almost? where? when?)

What to consider when buying, unless of course you buy this seedling, and do not dig it up in the forest or in a neighboring area. I think it's worth highlighting a few simple rules:
Acquire in a specialized horticultural economy or a large firm, where you can get the necessary advice.
It is desirable that there be a label indicating the variety and breed.
So that the seedling does not have any distortions of the crown, a crooked trunk, an uneven distribution of branches along the trunk. And at least there must be 3 skeletal branches.
There should be no signs of injury or disease.
If the seedling is in a container, then the roots should not break through the drainage hole.
If the seedling is in a package, then the earthen ball should be dense and proportional to the above-ground part.
Seedlings with an open root system should not have damage on the roots, signs of disease, the roots should not be overdried. And also all the leaves of such seedlings must be removed.

When to plant? Here I see two options:
In autumn. The leaves have fallen off and the tree does not need to spend energy on feeding the crown, so it is engaged in the development of a new habitat. But one thing - planted in the fall winter-hardy varieties, such as apple, pear, berry and ornamental shrubs.
Spring. More heat-loving varieties are best planted in early spring, otherwise they will not have enough time to prepare for winter. This applies to apricots, cherries, plums, cherry plums, low-hardy varieties of pears and apple trees.
The time of planting a large-sized plant differs from, for example, the planting of lilac, which is planted from the second half of July to the beginning of September.
P.S. In this case, I meant the landing time in those areas where summer and relatively good weather lasts only 3-4 months.
P.P.S. Seedlings in containers can be planted in the summer, the main thing is that the roots are not overdried.

And now the landing itself, only 9 stages:
Designate a landing site. Here we think and plan the development of the future tree for years to come, so that it does not interfere with anything and has the opportunity to grow unhindered. We outline a place and designate a pit, which should be 2 times as wide as an earthen clod with roots.
Dig a hole. We separate the top excavated fertile layer from the bottom and pour them on opposite sides of the pit.
Loosen the bottom of the hole. This is done in order to make it easier for the roots to go deeper into the lower layers of the soil.
Fertilize planting soil. Upper layer the soil that we separated is diluted with mature compost or humus (Where to prepare compost can be found here). Add more pre-prepared fertile soil and mineral fertilizers. The lower unused layer of soil can be used to fill holes in the area, if any)
Drive in the stake. We install the support even before planting so as not to damage the roots, as a rule, it is needed for large plants.
Place the seedling in the hole. At the bottom of the pit we pour a little prepared earth and set the seedling vertically. At the same time, we do not sink the root system into the soil (we do not bury it), the root ball of the earth should only be lightly sprinkled with earth on top. After all work, the level of the soil in landing pit taking into account the future draft, it should be about 5 centimeters higher than the level of the rest of the site.
Fill the hole with earth. I think it is obvious that before filling the hole, you need to remove what the root ball of the earth was wrapped in, it can be burlap, paper, etc.
Tie the seedling to the support. In the form of a figure eight, tie a seedling to the support with soft twine. The twine should not cut hard into the bark of the tree.
Water the plant well. We compact the earth around the trunk, and along the edges of the pit we make a roller for irrigation. We water the near-trunk circle well (so that the roots come into contact with the soil), after which we sprinkle (mulch) it with peat or humus by 5 cm.

correct landing fruit trees

It is preferable to plant deciduous trees at the time of the vegetation break, that is, in early spring before the leaves bloom or in the fall after the foliage has fallen.
The best time for autumn planting is mid-September and all of October, but you should focus on specific weather conditions.
Spring planting is carried out after thawing of the soil, which in temperate latitudes usually occurs in mid-April - early May.
On wet, heavy and compacted soils, it is recommended to plant trees in the spring.
In areas with early harsh winters, it is also preferable to plant seedlings in the spring.
Heat-loving trees and shrubs are planted in the spring after late spring frosts, since when planted in autumn, they may not survive the winter.
When planting trees in the spring, you need to make sure that the ground has thawed and does not have frozen areas.
It is not recommended to plant trees during prolonged rainy weather, at the time of frost or dry hot weather.
Conifers and evergreens should be planted in late autumn, late summer or early autumn, so that they have time to take root in winter time fed the above-ground part with moisture.

Material courtesy of the site: http://green-dom.info/building-your-own-home/when-to-plant-trees/ Recommended!

If you dream about flowering trees spring and a rich harvest in autumn (which, however, will have to wait a couple of years), then planning a wonderful orchard you should start by studying the rules for choosing and the nuances of planting fruit trees. Today Elena Mironova, the leading designer of the Bastet studio, will talk about the most important, in her opinion, moments.

General Director and Leading Designer of Bastet Studio. Studied interior design at the International School of Design. Has been designing interiors for over 10 years. Considers work a calling. He loves non-standard, complex tasks that require full dedication and concentration.

Should I plant in the spring?

It's no secret that spring, like autumn, is a traditional time for planting. However, gardeners' opinions are divided on when it is best to plant fruit trees: some argue that optimal time plantings are autumn, while others are like spring.

Of course, both options are possible if the most important condition is met: the seedlings must be in hibernation (as you know, the hibernation period in plants lasts from the moment the leaves fall until the buds open).

But still, for Central Russia with its cold winters, it is preferable landing spring. It is also supported by the fact that young trees are much less likely to freeze, unlike those planted in autumn, and the fact that in spring young seedlings are not such tasty prey for rodents as during the first autumn frosts and snowfalls, and the fact that trees planted in spring will have a whole warm season more time for growth and development.

Of course, there are spring planting and minuses: a rigid upper time limit (if the seedling is planted too late, it will be problematic to leave it) and frequent, unlike autumn, watering. However, when choosing a planting time, there is one simple rule: the further north your site is, the more arguments in favor of spring planting and vice versa.

Should only be planted in the spring thermophilic plants, such as: cherry, plum, sweet cherry, apricot, cherry plum, non-hardy varieties of pears.

As practice shows, seedlings with closed root system(with a voluminous clod of earth): gardeners are less likely to damage the roots when planting, and such plants can be planted until mid-June. seedlings with open root system, on the contrary, it is necessary to plant strictly before the buds begin to swell and without much delay - it is better to do it right away, as soon as it was purchased, so that the tree does not have time to dry out.

Planting fruit trees in spring: where to get seedlings?

This is the second, if not the first question that comes up.

Alas, the choice of seedlings in large nurseries - both in terms of varieties and quality - is more extensive in autumn. In spring, nurseries mostly sell off autumn leftovers, which means that the probability of choosing a strong and healthy tree, and of the right variety, is significantly reduced. But you should not despair. If the idea to set up a garden of fruit trees did not suddenly visit you (you hatched it for some long time), then you can buy planting material from autumn, or even arrange in the nursery so that the employees reserve trees of the desired varieties for you in the spring.

But in large garden hypermarkets, it is better not to take seedlings. Alas, in such places everything is focused on the number of sales, and often at the time of purchase, plants that seemed healthy (but were actually just overfed with fertilizers) literally in a few days begin to wither before our eyes and die.

What to look for when buying?

If you still choose seedlings yourself you should remember the following:

• the seedling must be even and without flaws;
• it should not have any signs of disease;
• if the seedling is sold in a container, the roots should not grow through the drainage holes;
• any damage to the roots is unacceptable. Dried roots also indicate that the plant is not viable;
• earthen ball - again, not overdried! - should be the same volume as the crown of the tree;
• leaves on the seedling should be completely absent.

How to plant?

When thinking about planting fruit trees, do not forget that planting plan should not contradict general concept landscape design site. It is not at all necessary to place all the trees in one place, you can picturesquely “scatter” them around the site. But to take into account all the nuances, it is better to consult an experienced landscape designer.

And of course, the landing plan should be thought out in advance. Here it is important to keep in mind the composition of the soil, and the illumination, and the distance between the trees (at different types and fruit varieties, both the crown and the root system grow in different ways, which must be taken into account, otherwise mature tree may interfere with neighbors).

The landing algorithm itself is easy to find on the Internet or other sources. Let's focus separately on some nuances planting is spring, which gardeners often forget about.

1. In no case do not use fresh manure for fertilizer - it will burn the root system of the plant. The best option here is last year's manure, fermented or compost. You can also use store-bought manure-based fertilizers.
2. When you cover the roots with earth, do not forget to straighten them, and also periodically shake the seedling so that voids do not form under the roots.
3. The roots should not remain on the surface, but the plant should not be buried too deep. The best option when the root collar of the seedling (the place where the plant stem meets the roots) is at ground level.
4. It is better to fix the support for the seedling until the plant is planted, so as not to damage the roots. Just drive it into the bottom of the pit, and then place the tree so that the support is on its north side - this way it will also protect the unaccustomed to bright sun young tree bark. Remember that the upper limit of the support should be below the beginning of the growth of the branches.
5. If the site chosen for planting the tree is damp, fill in a mound of earth before planting to prevent root rot.

The most important thing One thing to keep in mind is that skill comes with experience. Of course, you are unlikely to do without mistakes, especially if you are planting a garden for the first time. In this case, before starting work, it is better to consult with experienced gardener or a landscape designer, which is even more preferable: a specialist will consider your idea from all sides and find vulnerabilities in it that you most likely do not notice yourself.

In any case, even if you have no one to consult with, in any case, do not give up the dream of your own orchard. Draw a landing plan on paper, write down separately everything that could be important, carefully analyze your plan again and go for it! You will definitely succeed.

Planting fruit trees in spring video:

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