How to care for begonias: root, tuberous, hybrid flowers. Rules for growing and caring for bush begonia at home
Begonia is a very beautiful and amazing flower that conquers gardeners with its magical shape and diverse flower colors. These flowers can be seen in almost every home and garden. They decorate various recreation areas, squares, parks, apartments and balconies. Let's take a closer look at the most common types of begonias and their brief description.
Begonia, like all plants, requires attention and care. Timely watering and top dressing is necessary. She loves the bright sun, especially during the flowering period, as well as high humidity, since at first she appeared and grew in tropical conditions. In general, caring for begonia is not difficult, the main thing is not to miss the main points for caring for a flower.. temperature control and proper lighting will allow begonias to bloom their beautiful flowers, which you can admire for a long time.
ever blooming
The flower is also called always blooming. It got its name because of the long flowering time. Begonia is presented in the form of a perennial shrub, which has a thick stem of large size, and the leaves have a delicate and smooth surface.
Inflorescences are represented by flowers of white, red and pink shades. The inflorescence itself is located on tall peduncles. male flower four-petal, and the female consists of three petals. Seeds ripen and are stored in boxes dark - Brown.
About 600 varieties have already been bred from the ever-flowering begonia, which have different plant heights, the color of the leaf plates and the flowers themselves. Basically, these varieties are represented by heterotic hybrids. These are undersized hybrids with a height of 15 to 20 centimeters, medium-sized from 20 to 30 and tall, whose height reaches 50 centimeters.
Lianovaya
Begonias of this species are very powerful and large plants. The length of such a flower can reach up to three meters.. Its tenacious shoots always reach up and cling to all kinds of parts of any material, living and inanimate. Flowering is simply amazing in its beauty. But due to the large length of the plant in room conditions This begonia is not to everyone's taste.
Deciduous
Deciduous or decorative-deciduous do not have above-ground shoots. The leaf blades of this plant grow straight from the spreading root. This species got its name for its beautiful and multifaceted leaves, which differ in color and shape.. On them you can see different spots of various colors and shapes, and there are also just plain ones.
Royal (Rex)
Rex is one of the hybrid plant species. The leaves reach a length of thirty centimeters, and the edges are jagged. The shape is oval and round. Their color can be either purple, brown-pink, or purple. There is always a very beautiful border on the leaves of the plant, which decorates the plant with its silvery, green or white color.
Metallic or Metallica
The leaves of this species are usually up to 15 centimeters long. They are covered with olive green hairs. The shape is ovoid, and the edges are serrated. Due to the characteristic color and unusual coating, the leaves seem to be covered with a metallic coating.. When exposed to direct sunlight and bright daylight, the leaves reflect them and gracefully shine.
Bauera (Tiger)
The second name of this plant is Bauer's begonia.
This is one of the most beautiful views decorative leafy begonias. The stem is straight and branched. The length of the leaves can reach up to seven centimeters. Their shape resembles a heart, only slightly beveled and pointed at the tip. Color - brown-olive, which is covered with white spots. That is why the tiger begonia is called so.
The flower of this variety does not tolerate direct sunlight. Feels good indoors. In the winter months, it is better to reduce the temperature.
Watering should be done directly into the soil. It is impossible for water to fall on the leaf blades of the flower. It is necessary to water systematically, but moderately, so that stagnation of water does not occur. To increase the humidity of the air near the begonia, you can put a vessel filled with water.
Mason ( Begonia M asoniana)
Place of growth - New Guinea. On the leaves is an amazing pattern in the form of a Maltese cross. The drawing is brown, and he is green. Can grow up to 20 cm in length. The height of the plant is 20 - 35 centimeters. The flowers are usually medium-sized, beige.
Cleopatra ( Cleopatra)
The leaves of this flower are similar to maple. Therefore, this variety is considered very decorative. The color of the leaves varies from side to side. The outer side is painted in olive or bright greenish color, and the lower side is red and burgundy.. The leaves are located on fleshy and long cuttings, which are covered with hairs of white or gray color. This distinguishes this flower from other varieties.
The bush of the plant can reach a height of 30 to 50 centimeters. Cleopatra blooms usually from January to February. When the plant begins to bloom, it stretches out flower stalks, on which whitish-pink small flowers are placed.
Collared
It is also called cuff begonia. The plant is native to Mexico. The plant has a creeping stem, the leaves are large and grow up to 30 centimeters in diameter, covered with villi. The cuttings of the leaf blades are long, which are surrounded by a cuff of red villi. At home, they bloom in winter, forming at the same time approximately five peduncles, which grow about 60 centimeters in length. The flowers are formed into a brush of pink.
Bush
Bush begonias have a fairly branched and cranked stem, which looks like a bamboo stem. Grows as a bush, from which many side shoots grow. Leaf shape and color varied. Flowering is very beautiful of graceful flowers. The root system is thick and fleshy, not divided.
The peculiarity of bush begonias is that they bloom throughout the year.
Among the varieties of this species there are both annuals and perennials. The height of the plant is quite large and under optimal conditions can reach up to two meters.
The most common varieties of bush begonias are:
coral
The stems of this plant are straight and bare, the length of which reaches from 0.5 to one meter.. They have a non-uniform color from different sides. The green color on the outside is covered with silvery specks. The reverse side of the leaf blade is dark red. The flowers are small, but the inflorescences are dense.
fuchsia
The flower has highly branched tall stems which can grow up to one meter in height. The leaves are oval, the surface is glossy green. On the flowers of fuchsia begonia there are many various shades Red. But the flowers are rare and hang strongly.
Tuberous
This species has rhizomes in the form of a tuber. Stems tall about 80 centimeters, fleshy. Flowers are like simple type, and terry, they look like flowers of roses, peonies, carnations and camellias. Flowers can be arranged singly or in inflorescences, small and large. Their diameter is usually 3-20 cm.
Tuberous begonia can be ampelous, shrubby or herbaceous. Heart-shaped leaves come in matte, glossy, flat and corrugated shapes. They have shades of green, light and dark tones. It blooms in May and until October, it looks very beautiful.
The most common varieties:
- Picotee Harlequin (Picotee)
- Bouton de Rose
- Duck Red (BegoniaDark Red)
- Crispa Margarita (Crispa Marginata)
Begonia Bouton de Rose Begonia Picotee Harlequin (Picotee)
blooming begonia
This group combines many varieties that are able to bloom in months summer period. At the same time, their flowering is not affected by weather conditions.
The most popular varieties:
- Baby Wing
- Ambassador
- cocktail
- Gloire de Lorraine
- Competitor
- Marina
- Rosemary
One of the famous varieties is hybrid Elatior. It was bred by crossing tuberous and Socotrans species. Elatior is able to bloom almost the whole year. Because of this ability, it is called winter begonia. The plant is small, about 40 cm high, the stems are thick and bright, the leaves are glossy.. Their length can reach up to 8 centimeters, in the form of an uneven heart. Pedicels are long, on which castings grow.
According to the height of the bush are divided into three types:
- high - up to 40 cm
- medium - up to 30 cm
- undersized - up to 25 cm
hogweed
It is popular among gardeners and gardeners. The plant is large up to 40-50 centimeters in height. The stem is creeping and fleshy. The length of the leaves is about 30 centimeters, the color is green (dark or light).
The flowers are pink or white, collected in a brush, which reaches a length of 50 cm. It blooms from February to April, and the peak of flowering occurs in the spring and summer months..
hybrid variety hogweed is red-leaved begonia. This is herbaceous plant, which usually spreads along the ground. The stem is shortened.
Slightly rounded leaves, quite large, the length and width of which varies from 10-15 cm and 8-10 cm, respectively. The outside is glossy green and the inside is red.
Flowering starts from December to June. The flowers are small, white with a pink tinge.
yellow
This is a semi-shrub, whose height is from 40 to 50 centimeters. Shoots recumbent, rhizome thick. Shanks are pubescent. Large leaves grow up to 20 cm long and up to 15 cm wide. The tips are pointed, the edges are serrated.
Flowers in inflorescences are dull yellow. Begonia yellow is used to produce hybrids. Breeding varieties is carried out by both breeders and amateur gardeners.
Griffin ( Gryphon)
This species is one of the newest and most popular hybrids.
The plant is quite large. Height can reach forty centimeters. The leaves of the flower are wide and distinguished by their decorative effect.
Bover's room begonia
This is an indoor or house plant. Considered decorative. The leaves are dark green, palmately divided. Fingers stand out with green spots. Cuttings, pubescent and low.
Flowering comes with the arrival of spring. Flowers are white and pink. Maintenance of this plant is minimal. Feels good at home. But, as with most flowers, in order to establish long-term flowering, it is necessary to observe optimal temperature conditions and maintain humidity. Reproduction is not required. special efforts, a beginner florist can handle this.
You need to repot once a year.
Also applies to indoor Red begonia. The plant is large enough for indoor conditions, but it looks impressive. The leaves are shiny and smooth, ovate.
The inflorescences are collected in a panicle, the flowers are bright red shades.
Terry Pink
Plant of small growth up to 20 centimeters. The flowers are pink and double. Flowering is abundant from July days until frost.
To achieve long flowering wilted flowers must be removed. Thus, the plant will not spend energy on the formation of seeds, but will direct them to the formation of new flowers.
If you want this variety of begonia to bloom earlier, then you can plant the tuber at home in a pot with a sterile substrate (peat, coco substrate, perlite, etc.) to the depth of the tuber.
Such begonias will look good on the balcony.
Begonia is a plant that has won the hearts of many gardeners and breeders. It gained its popularity due to the long flowering period (some varieties bloom all year round), a huge variety of plant sizes, leaf color and, of course, the flowers themselves. So currently until now the world's leading breeders are creating more and more new varieties and hybrids. And everyone else can only admire and admire the beauty of the amazing begonia.
An unpretentious flower that came to our homes and gardens from distant tropics attracted the attention of millions of flower growers. Caring for begonia at home is not difficult and is available to everyone. The original shape of the leaves, various types of inflorescences, a tall and mundane version - all this is a majestic begonia. With her beauty, she charmed more than one generation of men and women.
Today, about 1000 of its species and ornamental varieties are known, as well as 2000 bred hybrids.
Pleasant acquaintance with the queen of the tropics
Among the huge number of types and classifications of begonias, the main ones can be noted:
- deciduous varieties;
- flowering species;
- deciduous;
- evergreen;
- tall;
- creeping begonias on the ground;
- with tuberous roots;
- with strong rhizomes;
- perennial varieties;
- annual species;
- street options;
- indoor begonias.
Each plant has beautiful unusual leaves. Big and small, green and red, glossy and velvet, plain and patterned. Most of them resemble maple or palm leaves, which makes the flower original.
No less attractive are the forms of the hardwood plate. Some of them are large, like burdocks or the ears of an African elephant. Others are round, resembling glossy plates. There are varieties whose leaves are cut along the edges, which creates the appearance of asymmetry.
The main vein of the leaf divides it in half into two different parts. Therefore they always have bizarre shape. On the stem, the leaves sit in the form of a mosaic. This allows them not to obscure each other from the main light source.
The upper part of the leaf plate is most often green. Depending on the variety, gradation of shades is allowed. The back side of the sheet is painted in red, purple or brown.
Delicate hairs on the stem and leaves of the plant look royal. They are painted scarlet or green, white or bronze. Thanks to this, begonia has a delicate and velvety appearance, which you want to touch.
The originality of the leaves is given by intricate patterns, various spots or strokes. Sometimes, it seems that the leaves are the flowers of decorative begonia.
So that the leaves do not lose their original beauty, they should not be sprayed. When water drops get on them, stains appear. Subsequently, the leaf dies.
In fact, when the plant blooms, you understand that the leaves are just a prelude to the magnificent decoration. Begonia inflorescences delight the eye with such colors:
- scarlet and rich red;
- snow-white and milky;
- pink and soft lilac;
- brilliant yellow and orange.
In addition, these lovely bouquets exude a pleasant aroma. When the plant fades, miniature boxes appear on the stems, inside of which are seeds. Ripened "capacities" crack, and they scatter around. Thanks to this, the earth is filled with new colors.
As practice shows, begonia has spread throughout the earth and has taken root perfectly in the middle latitudes. Since her main residence is a living space, it is important to properly care for her.
Simple rules for caring for begonias
Houses where they find their home tropical beauties, resemble a haven of pleasure. They constantly delight the eyes of the household lush greenery or the charm of flowers. Without due attention to the plant, this cannot be achieved. By adhering to simple rules for caring for begonias at home, you can create a piece of paradise in your home.
A guest from the tropics does not require special attention, but the main principles must be followed.
Enough light
Since the home of the queen of indoor plants is the tropics, she constantly needs lighting. If it is not enough, the plant will lose its decorative effect. At the same time, it is important that it be of a diffuse nature. Bright rays of light often provoke burn marks on the leaves. To create comfortable light conditions, it is recommended to place begonias in shaded areas of the house.
To create a beautiful crown, the pot can be periodically exposed to the light.
Optimum air humidity
When the question arises: how to care for begonias, adjusting the humidity in the room is not the last place. This plant needs high humidity, but not by spraying.
To solve the problem, you can make such a design. Place the plant pot on a small stand. Then it is placed on a wide pallet, which is covered with expanded clay around the edges (moss can also be used). After that, it must be moistened regularly so that evaporation occurs. As a result, the begonia gets its dose of moisture.
Competent watering
To ensure competent care of begonias, weather and watering should be taken into account. Although it originally grew in the tropics, where there is a lot of rainfall, you should not overfill it.
To avoid overflow, drainage is poured into the bottom of the container into which the begonia is planted. Thus, excess fluid freely comes out. It is important to ensure that water does not stagnate in the pan.
It is better to water the begonia with a clean settled liquid. The operation is recommended to be repeated as the top layer of soil dries.
It is wise to adhere to such a begonia watering scheme:
- In the summer months, the plant should be watered abundantly twice a week.
- When there is intense heat outside, moisten the soil every day.
- In autumn (starting from October) - as the upper part of the soil dries.
- In winter, the plant does not need abundant moisture. Only on demand.
- With the beginning of spring, the amount of watering should be gradually increased to stimulate the growth of the plant.
It is advisable to act in accordance with the needs of begonia, given its type and flowering period.
Regular feeding
In order for begonia flowers to always be juicy, you need to feed them regularly. For this, there are special fertilizers.
As soon as the begonia begins to bloom, it requires top dressing. Therefore, once every 14 days, the soil is fattened with useful minerals.
If it is included in the chemical top dressing, it is used for deciduous begonia species.
Creating lush bushes
An exotic guest from the tropics almost always looks perfect. However, in some cases, it loses its decorative effect. To correct this flaw, the plant is advised to prune. At a height of about 5 cm from the edge of the vase, cuts are made. Thanks to this, the lateral buds come to life and begin to actively develop.
It is advisable to trim the branches with a sharp knife so as not to damage the begonia inflorescences.
Gentle care of flowers
Most often, you can enjoy flowering begonias in the summer, on bright sunny days. Only a few varieties bloom all year round. Therefore, caring gardeners, during this period, try to gently take care of the flowers. To prevent the plant from depleting, some of the buds are plucked. As a result, the plant gets sick less. Looking at the photo of begonia flowers, you can imagine what a pleasure it is to take care of such a plant.
Applying these simple rules caring for begonias, you involuntarily get a lot of positive emotions. But, what will help to grow such a queen of the tropics at home? Reasonable advice from flower growers.
Growing begonias at home
Before planting a begonia at home, you need to choose a suitable container. The best option is ceramic pots. They should be a little more root system plants by 4 cm. If the container is too spacious, then the plant may suffer from excess moisture. As a result, the flowering period is disturbed.
The soil can be bought ready-made or prepared independently. Take a little leaf ground, add sand there, and humus. AT ready mix plant a plant.
In order for the cultivation and care of begonias at home to bring worthy results, it is important, for starters, to plant it correctly.
Drainage is placed at the bottom of the prepared container. The next layer (3 cm) is charcoal, which serves as a means of protection against rot. Then a plant is placed here with a small amount of soil. The resulting voids are filled with prepared soil. After that, the begonia is watered abundantly.
It is desirable to plant a plant in mid-March. Just at this time, there is enough light for young begonias.
The queens of the tropics are first germinated in trays, not buried in the soil. They are placed in well-lit rooms at a temperature not lower than 16 degrees and high humidity. When the plant takes root, it is planted on permanent place at the beginning of spring. 
It is also important to know how to transplant correctly. As it grows and takes root, it becomes necessary to move it to another pot. To do this, first, the soil is abundantly poured with water so that the plant can be freely removed from there. It is better to transplant it the next day so that the soil is not wet, but slightly damp.
When the plant is already in a new pot, it is important to fill it with earth to the brim and immediately fill it with water. In a week the soil will sit down, and upper layer will dry. If necessary, add the missing volume of soil. During the first week, begonias can not be watered, but only periodically sprayed. Also carefully protect it from drafts and bright lighting.
If the begonia is not blooming, home care involves periodic pruning of the plant's branches. Especially after the transplant. This approach helps to create beautiful bushes and decorative forms.
Reproduction of overseas beauty
A unique tropical flower reproduces in several ways:
- method of sowing seeds;
- tuber division;
- cuttings;
- separation of bushes;
- root cutting.
The most suitable period for breeding begonias is spring or the first month of summer. 
Sowing seeds
Sowing seeds is recommended at the end of winter or in the first week of March. They are scattered on the ground in a special container. Without covering with earth from above, cover with glass and take it to a warm, bright place. You can water the surface with a sprayer.
When the third leaf appears, the begonia is dived for the first time. Second 2 months later. Then the begonias are transplanted into separate pots, where they take root. With a lack of light, additional lighting is used.
The sooner the seeds are sown, the faster the begonia will bloom.
Tuber division
This method of reproduction is performed by cutting the begonia tuber into pieces. Places of cuts are sprinkled charcoal to let them dry. After that, germinate in flower vases or boxes.
cuttings
Propagation cuttings should have at least 3 leaves. Slices must be sprinkled with powdered activated charcoal. The plant takes root in 1 month at a temperature of 21 degrees and high humidity.
The division of the bushes
This method is used for bush begonia species. The whole bush, together with the root, is cut into pieces. Then planted in separate flower vases.
Cutting the rhizome
This method is important to use in the spring, when transplanting a plant. It is desirable to cut the rhizome so that an escape with a root and a kidney is obtained. Each part is planted in a separate pot.
Sad reality - diseases
How sad to watch when a begonia loses unblown flower buds or leaves. Sometimes this is due to dry air, lack of water or light. Such problems are easily solved.
But when a plant is attacked by a spider mite or aphid, more effort is required. Insect settle on back side sheet and how cancer cell feed on plant sap. To rid the begonia of pests, it is recommended to spray diseased leaves with special substances.
Begonia, of course, will not be able to thank its owner for the attention and care. But, it will thoroughly clean the air in the room. Will give positive emotions during flowering. Originally decorate the home interior or household plot. It also reminds you of beauty. earthly paradise that once existed on earth.
Tuberous begonia care rules - video
Begonia can be found not only on window sills, but also in parks and flower beds. Bright and cheerful colors helped her gain popularity. It got its name from the name of Michel Begon, who at the end of the 17th century discovered unknown flower in the Antilles and described it.
Today, the natural habitat of the plant is America, Asia and Africa, but you can grow it at home in almost any part of the world.
General information about begonias
The begonia flower is an annual or perennial shrub or semi-shrub. The shrub can reach 2 meters in height and small - about 1-2 cm - flowers. Tuberous varieties produce flowers up to 30 cm in diameter. To useful properties relate:
Beneficial features:
- Increased immunity in people living in the apartment.
- Restoration of working capacity and elimination of feeling of weariness.
- Decreases nervous tension.
Feng Shui adherents also believe that the plant helps to smooth out conflicts, elimination of negative energy, normalization of the biofield and increased self-confidence at a subconscious level.
Begonia is divided into a thousand different species, not to mention two thousand hybrids. Basically, the types are divided into the following categories:
- flowering: flowers are the main ones;
- decorative leafy: they are grown for the sake of beautiful greenery.
Reproduction methods
At home, perpetually and ornamentally flowering varieties are commonly grown. The plant can be propagated in two ways.
Reproduction by seeds. They are planted in February, using one part of peat and sand and two parts of leafy soil. The pot is covered with a transparent lid and left in a warm room. Watering is carried out by drip method.
A week later, the first shoots appear. When they get stronger, they begin to slowly adapt to room conditions. After another two weeks, you can plant the sprouts, but very carefully: they are still fragile and die easily. A month later, the begonia can be finally transplanted to the chosen place.
Method of propagation by tubers. Sprouted tubers, you need to put them on a damp cloth and wait until the roots appear. Then they can be transplanted into the ground, but do not dig too deep: the tuber should protrude 1-2 cm from the ground when it becomes warm, the plant is planted in an open flower garden.
Features of flower care
Basic rules for good growth and flowering:
Main types
Despite the abundance of options, several species stand out among the domestic ones. They have some features of care and cultivation.
ever blooming. Among the variety of the species, elegant begonia, Lanchiana and Schmidt are especially popular. They have wide smooth leaves and small flowers of white, red or shades of pink. Grow up to 50 cm.
For optimal development, it is necessary to observe an increased daylight hours - at least 16-18 hours. Special phytolamps can help. The temperature should be at least +20 degrees. To immerse the flower in hibernation, it is enough to lower the temperature to +15 degrees. Twice a month it is necessary to make bait with boron and manganese.
Brindle. It does not grow above 30 cm, which is very convenient at home. Blooms usually in winter. Small flowers are white or pinkish, leaves are small, with notches along the edges, bright green with a brown border and light spots.
Care is no different from the usual. Some flower growers prefer to remove flowers as they have little to no aesthetic value.
Griffin(royal variety). Subspecies of royal begonia. His distinguishing feature- carved edge of large leaves, which have a double color: dark green and pink, slightly pearly.
yellow. The species is divided into subspecies - terry and non-terry, there are also semi-double varieties. Color options also varied: pink, white, red, yellow with a pink border.
Reaches a height of 40-45 cm, has recumbent shoots. The leaves are oval, with teeth along the edges. The outer side is smooth, green color, inside burgundy with fluff.
red-leaved. The name comes from the color of the inside of the leaf. The leaves reach 15 cm, the stem is short, light green. It blooms with small pinkish flowers from December to June. At proper care a bushy plant is produced.
metal. The name comes from the leaves: outer side they have light green and red streaks and a metallic sheen. Able to grow up to 90 cm.
It is unpretentious in care: moderate humidity and watering, no spraying. It is recommended to plant in acidic soil and periodically turn different sides to the sun to form a beautiful bush.
Varieties of begonias requiring special care
coral. It has two varieties: with pink flowers and red-orange. The height is 30-90 cm, the sheets are silvery with green veins, Bottom part red. The life span is about 5 years, propagated by cuttings. Requires regular pruning, otherwise it may grow too large. Looks best in hanging pots.
Begonia royal or Rex. It has large leaves with serrated edges and interesting pattern: it seems to consist of multi-colored spots. As with the above species, the flowers are small and faded, they are usually cut off immediately after the appearance.
Royal begonia requires moderate humidity and a dark place, does not tolerate dry air and moisture on the leaves.
Ampelnaya. It is also called hanging because of the shoots: they are thin and form a beautiful “waterfall”, therefore it is better to plant it in a flower pot. Blooms from early spring to late autumn. The flowers are small, up to 5 cm, the color is bright: burgundy, orange, red.
Despite the fact that the flowers dry up after 10 days, new ones immediately grow in their place. Requires good lighting and heat, withstands up to +25 degrees. It is recommended top dressing with minerals during flowering, nitrogenous fertilizers in spring and organic summer(no more than twice per season). Most famous variety- Pendula begonia.
Cleopatra. Because of the shape of the leaves, it has received the name American maple. Outside, they are olive in color, with reverse side covered with white hairs.
The stem is erect, grows up to 35 cm. Does not tolerate excessive watering and dry air. For even development, it is necessary to rotate the bush regularly so that all sides receive light.
Types of begonias for beginner gardeners
Elatior or winter. The compact plant reaches a height of 40 cm, heart-shaped leaves are small, up to 8 cm, with a smooth, juicy surface. The flowers are also small, no more than 5 cm, usually pink.
Flowering usually occurs in the winter, however, after the leaves appear, all decorativeness is lost, and the begonia requires rejuvenation.
For abundant flowering, it is necessary to gradually reduce the daylight hours to 9 hours (the usual should be more than 16 hours), then cover with a dark film. This will help you get a lot of flowers and go through the cycle faster. Otherwise, Elatior does not differ from the general advice.
Non-stop. This is annual plant, not exceeding a height of 20 cm. At the same time, it is quite bright: the flowers reach almost 10 cm in diameter, the leaves are bright green. It blooms from June until the first frost. Feeding is required twice a month.
Bauer. The view is perfect for beginner gardeners: it is not demanding and at the same time beautiful. He has large decorative leaves, which should not be left in the sun, otherwise spots will appear.
Watering is moderate, the temperature should be at least +16 degrees. dwarf variety Bauera grows only up to 10 cm, but produces white and pinkish flowers.
Despite some difficulties in care, begonia is quite simple and undemanding. In addition, she will definitely repay with the beauty of the leaves and bright flowers, which will surely cheer everyone up.
Due to the variety of species and bright appearance, begonia has gained great popularity among amateur flower growers. Despite the fact that this plant is native to the tropics, it feels great in our climate, both at home and on garden plot. Today, there are about a thousand varieties of this plant. In this article we will talk about the types of begonias with photos and names.
These houseplants can be both annuals and perennials. Shrubs can grow to a height of more than two meters and have very small flowers. Root begonia, on the contrary, is capable of producing inflorescences larger than twenty centimeters.
Fans of Feng Shui believe that begonia at home eliminates negative energy and helps to smooth out conflict situations. It normalizes the biofield of residents and increases their self-confidence at the subconscious level.
Varieties of begonia
Classification
Begonias are divided into three groups:
- Decorative flowering;
- Decorative leafy;
- Shrub.
Decoratively flowering or otherwise tuberous begonia is characterized by abundant flowering, and the flowers themselves have many shapes and colors. Gorgeous decorative inflorescences, resembling a carnation, rose, peony or camellia, grow very large. And flowering occurs from early spring to late autumn. They are not whimsical and feel good in shady places, although they are photophilous. The root of these varieties is in the form of tubers and requires abundant watering.
Decoratively deciduous begonias differ from tuberous ones less beautiful flowering, but rich lush foliage of various shapes and colors adorns these species no less. Deciduous begonia prefers brightly lit places and abundant watering.
Shrub forms grow up to three meters. They have very large leaves, but small, unremarkable flowers. They are demanding temperature regime. For good growth, the air temperature should be within twenty, twenty-five degrees. In addition, the plant must be cut every two years.
Begonia, its types, varieties and their names, photo
decorative leafy begonias
Begonia metallic
It has medium-sized velvet leaves of muted green color, oval shape.
Their edges are dotted with teeth, and at the top, as if covered with a "metal" coating.
Begonia tiger (Bauer)
Bauer's tiger begonia is otherwise called "Velvet". This is a low bush, up to 30 - 35 cm.
It has small green leaves in the shape of a heart, on which the animal pattern is located. dark shades.
Begonia "Mason"
decorative deciduous plant with large greenery, on which there are patterns in the form of a Maltese cross. The leaf size can reach more than 20 cm in length.
It blooms in small inflorescences of light colors.
Begonia "Fista"
This variety has short fleshy stems and round shiny leaves.
In summer it pleases with small pink flowers.
Not demanding in care.
Begonia "Kredner"
Quite large bushes of this variety have pubescent leaves of green-pink color and large flowers.
Blooms from March to October.
Begonia "Horse-leaved"
The plant is small, bushy.
It has powerful decumbent stems and decoratively carved palmate leaves. Ideal as a tapeworm plant.
Begonia 'Palomar Prince'
The double spiral leaves of this plant have copper- green tint, and light pink flowers bloom mainly in winter.
Easy to grow.
Begonia 'Charlotte Chiffon'
Spectacular plant with silver-pearl leaves, in the center of which is a purple-pink spot.
The edges of the leaves are wavy, with a bright pink border.
Begonia "Green Golg"
A flower with large rounded leaves, twisted in the form of a spiral. The color of the plant is predominantly silvery blue, with brown leaf edging.
The compactness of the plant is given by the shortened petioles of the leaves.
Begonia "Black Prince"
The variety has wonderful velvet leaves of an unusual shape and very discreet flowers.
As the name implies, the leaves are dark green, close to black.
Decorative flowering begonias
Begonia "Senator"
Begonia is ever-flowering, unpretentious in care, will be a wonderful decoration of a flower bed
An annual flower with lush greenery and bright medium-sized inflorescences.
Begonia "Fortune"
The plant has rich terry inflorescences of various colors.
Peduncles are short and strong.
This variety begins to bloom earlier than other species.
Begonia "Fimbriata pink"
Tuberous fringed begonia.
Huge double flowers of yellow-red, pink, orange and other shades will not leave anyone indifferent.
Flowering starts in June
Begonia ampelnaya "Venus"
The plant is unpretentious, pleases with its large semi-double flowers and picturesque greenery.
From a number of ampelous ones, white ampelous begonia and red ampelous begonia stand out with high decorativeness.
Begonia "Grandiflora"
Tuberous begonia with large flowers up to 15-20 cm in diameter.
A compact plant with unusually beautiful flowers, outwardly resembling roses of various color shades.
Flowers can be either simple or double.
Begonia "Apricot" or Begonia "Apricot"
Belongs to the NONSTOP series, i.e. continuous flowering.
very gentle, but showy plant with lush flowers of white, orange, yellow and pink hues.
The petals of which are decorated with a pink edging.
Begonia "Non Stop"
The low annual variety Nonstop is rich in large inflorescences. Its leaves have a bright green tint, and flowering continues throughout the summer.
Continuous flowering at temperatures above +18º
Begonia "Marmorata" (Marmorata)
This perennial shrub is grown not only indoors, but is also actively used in landscape design.
Bush height about 30 cm, flowering from July
Begonia "Terry" orange
Bright and lush flowers of this plant will decorate any interior.
It is also used in decoration. garden plots. Terry varieties also include Terry begonia, and Mix begonia will please with a variety of colors.
Begonia "Double White"
This is a plant with large white flowers and dark green foliage.
It does not exceed 30 cm in height.
Begonia "Elatior Borias"
This is an ever flowering begonia. The bush grows up to half a meter, has bright glossy leaves with mottled edges. Flowers of this variety can be both simple and double, with a variety of colors.
Begonia "Bada Boom"
This is a small dense shrub with bronze greenery. The flowers on it are simple white, pink or bright red.
It blooms noticeably earlier than other varieties. Therefore, seeds are sown for seedlings in January-February, planted in open ground when the threat is over return frosts.
Begonia "Pikoti"
This is a spreading low bush with green jagged leaves.
It blooms chic double flowers with a spectacular border on the petals.
Begonia "Crispa Marginata" yellow-red
The leaves on this plant are green with purple edging, and the flowers are yellow with red edging.
Does not exceed 20 cm.
Like all types of begonias, it prefers diffused sunlight.
Begonia "Marble"
This is a compact plant with large double pinkish-red inflorescences and carved greenery. Begonia tubers, I advise you to plant in early February in light ground, when the threat of return frosts has passed, transplant into open ground. Begonia will delight with its flowering from May to September
garden begonia
Garden begonia looks great both in city flower beds and in the garden.
Its flowers resemble small roses and bloom from early spring until frost.
Ampel begonia
"Bella" begonia
- "Bella" ampelous begonia. beautiful plant with a fleshy stem and large leaves, it will undoubtedly enliven the interior of any room.
- Another representative of the ampelous begonia, Chanson begonia with lush flowers of red, yellow or white.
- Begonia "Pendula Cascade yellow" is characterized by thick and juicy shades, bright and asymmetrical leaves and falling lush inflorescences.
- Illumination Pink Begonia is a perennial, herbaceous plant. It grows up to 30 centimeters and has heart-shaped green leaves and huge pink double flowers.
- Begonia 'Cascade Florence'. This is a perennial compact shrub, it has a strong stem and light green leaves. big curvy pink flowers Florence are located on hanging branches.
- Begonia "Bolivian". The shoots of this species grow upwards, but, growing to a certain level, they begin to slope effectively, forming a flower cascade downwards. The Bolivian begonia is divided into several varieties. The most popular are Copacabana, Bossa Nova and Santa Cruz Sunset.
Care and reproduction
Home begonia does not require increased attention. The main concern for it is to maintain the optimum air temperature, timely watering and top dressings. Outdoor begonias need to be moved indoors during the winter.
seeds
Varieties of ever-flowering begonias are grown from seeds. It is they who best convey their varietal characteristics through the seed material. Seeds germinate very well and amicably.
They are sown in early February so that the young shoots become strong by the onset of autumn. Plant them in shallow containers. The sown seeds are not covered with earth, but only slightly pressed down to the soil. The boxes are covered with glass or polyethylene and the temperature is left in the room, which does not fall below twenty degrees.
In order to avoid washing out the seeds, watering is done drip method or use a spray bottle. After a week, they will begin to sprout. After that, shoots are gradually accustomed to room temperature, removing the glass and airing the containers.
A month later, the begonia seedlings are transplanted into individual pots of compact size. This should be done carefully, as young shoots are very tender and break easily.
After another month, they are transplanted into permanent pots. These varieties begin to delight with their flowering in the first year of growth.
sprouts
Begonia reproduces well by tubers, but small sprouts must be present on them.
Purchased planting material should be placed on a damp cloth as soon as possible. It is necessary to monitor the moisture content of the fabric until the first roots appear on the tubers. Then they can be planted in pots. The top of the tuber should be on the surface.
When the weather becomes warm enough, the begonia is planted in the garden, buried in the ground along with the pots. And with the onset of autumn frosts, they bring it home and cut the stems. Pots with tubers are left in a cool place for the whole winter. At this time, they are not watered. If sprouts appear, the tuber is freed from the layer of earth to accelerate growth. And when the plant gives several shoots, it is again covered with earth.
Flower growers always have special hopes for begonia. Extravaganzas of flowering, well-developed bushes, beautiful decorative leaves are expected from her. For the sake of this, tubers are carefully stored until spring, seedlings are grown, and they are carefully looked after.
Conditions for home growing
illumination
Begonias are photophilous, but cannot stand direct sunlight. In summer, for begonias, you should choose well-lit places, but away from direct sunlight. Best of all, they will feel on the east or west windows. On southern window sills, these plants should be shaded at midday to avoid burns on the leaves.
In winter, on the contrary, it is necessary to provide them with maximum light, and put them in sunny places in the morning. With strong shading, the shoots of the plants are extended and few flowers are formed. In winter, for blooming at this time, hybrids Lorraine and Elatior there is little natural light, it is desirable for them to provide additional lighting.
Humidity
Begonias prefer high humidity, because in wild nature these flowers grow in tropical forests, they also need high humidity air 60-70%. You can increase it at home by spraying. Humidify the air around the plants, but not the leaves themselves. These plants must be sprayed very carefully through the smallest sprayer - drops of water leave ugly spots on the leaves. It is best to place these plants on pallets of wet expanded clay, in a group of plants, or use a humidifier.
If the begonia is kept too dry, the tips of the leaves dry up, the buds fall off, and the plants lose their decorative effect. Also, do not place them near central heating radiators.
Temperature
Begonias are thermophilic, do not tolerate negative temperatures. They should not be grown on cold windowsills. It is important to observe the temperature balance: in summer the room should be within 20-24°C, in winter - 16-18°C, but not lower than 15°C.
The soil
Light, slightly acidic soil, with good air and water permeability, is suitable for plants. soil mixture prepared from 2–3 parts of humus soil, 1 part of high-moor peat, which has an acidic reaction, and 1 part of coarse sand.
Care
Watering
Begonia does not tolerate too wet soil. Waterlogging is especially dangerous for tender seedlings, plants "suffocate" from lack of air and can die from root rot. The substrate must be damp, but not wet. Watering should be avoided cold water, below 12 ° C, so that the death of the roots does not begin. During the flowering period, begonias should not lack moisture, otherwise the leaves will lose their decorative effect, and the buds and flowers will begin to fall off.
These plants have a delicate root system that is sensitive to overdose of fertilizers and improper watering. From spring to autumn, begonias are watered abundantly, after the topsoil has dried. Once every 10 days, add to the water for irrigation complex fertilizers. In autumn and winter, they are transferred to moderate watering, preventing the earthen coma from completely drying out. Excess or lack of moisture leads to the fall of leaves and buds, can cause various diseases and even death of the plant.
top dressing
For normal growth and development, plants need a balanced diet. When top dressing, seasonality, the age of the plant, its features are taken into account. Plants need nitrogen during spring growth. With its lack of begonias lag behind in development, the leaves become pale green. With an excess of nitrogen, plants do not adapt well to adverse conditions.
From mid-summer, flowers are prepared for the autumn-winter period. Fertilizers reduce the amount of nitrogen and increase the proportion of phosphorus and potassium. For top dressing, organic and mineral fertilizers are used. Frequency - 1 time in 10-14 days. Do not feed diseased and dry plants.
Transfer
You can transplant begonias throughout the spring, in extreme cases, until mid-summer, so that the plants have time to get stronger by autumn. This procedure is carried out annually, sometimes twice a year if the bushes and roots have grown quickly and the pot has become cramped. No need to take too much new capacity. The roots of the begonia should fill the entire volume of the pot, so it is better that the new pot is not much larger than the previous one.
Water begonias before transplanting. The soil should not be too wet. In a new pot, a layer of expanded clay is placed on the bottom for drainage, then the flower is transferred along with an earthen clod. If necessary, earth is added to the container and compacted around it. Transplantation can be combined with plant division. An important point when planting tubers is that they should not be buried too deep. This will negatively affect flowering, the bush will be lush, and flowering will be poor.
Features of care in the winter
Wintering conditions for different species have their own characteristics, for some it is a period of relative rest, while others need a good winter rest. Watering and room temperature are important factors for keeping plants in the cold season.
Plants with decorative leaves in winter they can develop in the same way as in summer. But in conditions of short daylight hours and a lack of natural light, the shoots stretch out, become thin and brittle. Plant growth is controlled by watering. In winter, it is reduced, watered when the top layer of the earth dries up. The temperature of the content is also reduced to 16-18°C. You can not put flower pots near heaters and batteries. It is advisable to organize additional illumination for flowers.
At the begonias Elatior year-round cycle of development, with their flowering they can delight all winter. For it to be splendid artificial lighting provide 14 hours of daylight. Watering should not be excessive. Experienced flower growers are still advised to give rest to Elatior begonias between winter blooms. By pinching the tops of the shoots, you can adjust the timing of flowering.
For tuberous begonias after the end of summer flowering, watering is reduced, the shoots are cut off and the pots are transferred to a cool place - to the basement, glazed loggia, veranda.
Tubers can be stored in another way. At the end of September, after pruning, they are taken out of the ground, cleaned, dried, put in a bag of peat and placed on winter storage. The tubers will remain at rest until the end of winter. Regularly, at least 1-2 times a month, the tubers are checked. When root rot appears, the affected areas are cleaned, then they are treated with sulfur. If the infection has spread to large areas, then the tuber is discarded to save other plants.
It is undesirable to store tubers in the refrigerator, it is too cold for them there. The kidneys will wake up for a long time in the spring.
reproduction
propagate begonia seeds, leaves and stem cuttings, dividing tubers and bush.
cuttings
The advantages of this method are the preservation of varietal characteristics and the speed of reproduction. The best time is spring. Young shoots with 1-2 internodes are cut from the top of the plant. Flowers, buds, lower leaves are removed, the upper ones are shortened by a third to reduce evaporation.
Cuttings are planted in mini-greenhouses with good drainage. The rooting mixture is prepared from peat, sand and vermiculite. Planted cuttings are regularly sprayed, aired to prevent decay, and protected from the hot sun.
Begonia cuttings can be rooted in water, and plants can also be propagated leaf cuttings. Not old leaves with petioles 2–3 cm long are suitable for this. They are planted in a pot with a substrate, deepening the leaf to the length of the petiole. Small leaves for cuttings are taken whole, large ones are divided into parts. A leaf fragment should have a piece of petiole and a vein. To transplant rooted leaf petioles start only after the appearance of new young plants. Usually this period is 4-6 weeks. Feeding begins a month after transplantation.
Division of tubers and bush
This method is suitable for tuberous begonias and for plants that form large bushes. Its advantage is that begonias begin to bloom earlier.
At the beginning of spring, the plants, together with the earthy clod, are divided into parts and planted in containers. The tubers are cut into pieces so that each has buds. Then the delenki are slightly dried and planted in light soil. Tubers need air and moisture to form new roots. Waterlogging should not be allowed, the soil should be in a semi-moist state, since at first there is a high risk of rotting tubers.
Reproduction by seeds
propagated by seeds begonia ever flowering, ampelous and tuberous.
In this way, you can immediately more plants than when cutting or dividing.
In the middle of winter, shallow containers are filled with an earthen mixture consisting of equal parts compost, leafy soil, peat and sand. For disinfection, the surface of the soil is shed with a solution of fundozol. Begonia seeds are small, they are not embedded in the ground, but sown on a compacted surface of the substrate. The containers are covered with transparent glass or a plastic bag and placed in a warm place with a temperature of 21–23 ° C. Seeds germinate within two weeks. Next - the usual care of seedlings: daily airing for 1-2 hours, careful watering from a spray bottle, control over the formation of condensate on inside glass or film. After 12-14 days, the shelter is removed. During this period, the temperature of seedlings is reduced to 17–19 ° C and the plants are protected from direct sun. Seedlings are ready for picking after the formation of 2-3 true leaves.
Pests and diseases
Diseases
Most often, begonias suffer from powdery mildew and gray mold.
– fungal disease. It appears in the form white plaque on the leaves. Reduces the decorativeness of the plant and can spread to all above-ground parts. The leaves begin to turn brown and dry. Control measures - treatment with fungicides. In the room you need to reduce the humidity of the air, ventilate it more often.
Appears in wet and cool conditions. Fungi infect leaves, shoots, flowers. They form a gray fluffy coating. Help to cope with the disease systemic fungicides. In addition, reduce watering, ventilate the room.
Pests
Aphid – small wingless sucking insect of green or yellowish color. Pests are very prolific, multiplying rapidly, suck the juice from the plant. The leaves turn yellow, the flowers fall off. Destroy pests by spraying plants soapy water, tobacco infusion, chemicals.
spider mite like aphids sucking small insect. Depletes plants, begonia leaves are deformed, buds fall off. The affected bushes are washed with soapy water, treated with insecticides.
gall nematode – microscopic worm that settles on the roots and down on the stems. Outgrowths form on them, in which larvae develop. Plants lag behind in growth, rot. Sick plants are destroyed.
Blooming begonias will decorate the house, plants with colorful leaves of an unusual shape will enliven any interior. Looking at begonias, one cannot but believe that "beauty will save the world."
How to care for begonias? As well as interesting tips from experienced flower growers, you will learn by watching the video.