How to plant winter garlic. Basic rules for winter sowing

To date, there are two varieties of garlic: spring and winter. Between themselves, the two subspecies differ in terms of planting, as well as in agricultural cultivation techniques. Our article will tell you how to plant garlic before winter to get excellent harvest next year.

Home hallmark winter varieties of garlic is that their planting, unlike spring varieties, occurs in the fall. However, in order for the planting of garlic before winter to bring the desired effect, it is necessary to know the timing of planting planting material.

Usually planting garlic in the fall is carried out approximately 35-45 days before the onset of frost. If you do not have time to invest in the allotted time, then root system won't be able to develop. By the beginning of frost, it should grow by 10-12 cm.

to plant planting material winter varieties available from 20 September. At the same time, planting winter garlic lasts until mid-October. Experts recommend waiting for the moment when the earth will seize with an ice crust at night, and thaw during the day. Therefore, in order to more accurately determine the landing time, you should check the weather forecast. You can also use the lunar calendar, determining from it the most auspicious days for this manipulation.

It is important to know when to plant winter garlic, since a very early planting will lead to the germination of planting material. If the gardener was late and did not plant the cloves on time, then the planting material will not have time to take root and will freeze.

Many novice gardeners often wonder "is it possible to plant winter garlic in the spring." Yes, you can. But only on condition that not cloves, but bulbs will be used as planting material. They are sown in April. To plant shooting winter garlic in the spring, you need to prepare planting material in advance.

As you can see, for the future harvest it is very important that the planting material is planted at the right time.

After which crop is it better to plant

Crop rotation is very important point, which provides direct influence on the quality and quantity of the harvest obtained at the end of the season. Indeed, after some crops, garlic grows very poorly, forming defective heads. Therefore, planting garlic for the winter should be carried out in the place where the optimal predecessors had previously grown.

Best of all, this variety grows when it is planted in the place of growth of annual vegetables that have a short growing season (for example, zucchini, pumpkin, peppers, cucumbers, eggplants). Also, cloves can be planted after berry bushes and grain crops.

You can not plant garlic in the fall after root crops. This is because they have more late dates harvesting and in the process of their growth greatly deplete the soil, which by the next season does not have time to recover sufficiently.

Soil selection

To plant garlic before winter, you need not only to determine the timing of this procedure, but also to choose a landing site. After all, garlic is a capricious culture that loves fertile light soils.

The site selected for the cultivation of this crop must meet the following requirements:

• be well fertilized. The soil should be nutritious, light and accessible for penetration into its layers of air;
• an elevated place where the situation of stagnant meltwater is excluded. If moisture stagnation occurs on the site, then the risk of rotting of plant roots increases significantly. This will lead to the appearance of diseases and pests. In this case, you need to do high beds. But such a situation should still be avoided;
• lighting beds for almost the entire day.

In order to choose the site that is optimal in terms of its characteristics in the spring, when the snow melts, you need to carefully monitor the garden and identify all the places where moisture accumulates. They definitely cannot be planted with cloves. In autumn, the chosen place should be covered with snow early to prevent freezing of planting material. As a result of observations, preference should be given to areas where:

• snow lies long enough;
• people and animals do not walk;
• ice crust is formed.

When choosing a site for planting winter garlic, it is necessary to take into account the fact that during winters with little snow, planting material may freeze. This usually happens when there is no snow in the garden during severe frosts.

To prevent the development of such a negative scenario, you need to know how to plant garlic in the fall.

A good place would be a site located near the fence. At the same time, it is desirable that it be located on the north side. In this case, the shadow from the fence will allow the ice crust to remain on the surface of the earth as long as possible. At the same time, the fence will protect the beds from blowing snow.

Once the site for planting the winter garlic variety has been determined, it must be properly prepared. Without preparation it is very difficult to get really good harvest.

The preparation of the beds is that the site should be well dug up and fertilized. An excellent fertilizer for this crop will be humus. You can also use complex top dressing. Fertilizers can also be applied before the direct planting of planting material. In this case, superphosphate (30 g), potassium salt (20 g) and humus (5-6 kg) should be used. In addition, the entire area, after fertilizing it, is recommended to be watered with a solution blue vitriol.

The calculation of the amount of fertilizer applied is based on how fertile the selected area was. With a strong depletion of the land, one bucket of humus should go per 1 sq.m of the site. by the most the best choice for garlic of this variety there will be sandy and non-acidic soils.

Preparation of the site for landing should be done in early September. After finishing preparatory procedures the beds are covered with a film on top, which is removed before direct planting.

Landing and care rules

After we figured out when to plant garlic and in what area, you need to figure out the rules for the planting itself. It is worth noting that planting winter garlic in the spring differs from the autumn procedure in a different type of planting material, as well as technology. Garlic, planted in the spring, grows from bulbs, not cloves. When planting in the spring, weather conditions must be taken into account.

In the spring, furrows are formed for the planting material to be planted. Bulbs sit to a depth of no more than 3 cm. A distance of 2 cm is maintained between them. A free space of 10 cm remains between adjacent furrows.

To understand how to plant various varieties garlic in the winter, you need to know the following rules:

• planting material is planted in furrows, which have a depth of about 15-20 cm;

• a distance of 20-25 cm is maintained between the cloves. Although there is information that there should be a distance of 12-15 cm between large specimens, and 8-10 cm between small ones;
• coarse-grained sand is poured at the bottom of the furrow. Its layer should be 1.5-3 cm. A layer of sand will protect the planting material from decay.

In such prepared grooves we plant winter garlic in the fall. At the same time, we plant garlic in such a way that the bottom is from below. This will allow the root system to quickly begin to form. After the cloves have been properly placed in the furrow, they are covered with soil. Now you know how to properly plant garlic. However, in order to grow a decent crop, you need not only proper fit but also appropriate care.

After the planting has been completed, the ground is mulched. On top of the beds spreads a layer of dry peat. It can be mixed with sawdust and earth. To protect against cold weather, roofing material can be placed on top. Garlic leaves for the winter in this form. After that, care for the beds will be carried out in the spring.

It includes the following steps:

• removal of roofing material and cleansing the soil from mulch;
• arrows, which will appear at the end of June, must be broken off. They should not grow above 10 cm. Otherwise, the head will turn out to be small;
• when the first shoots appear, they are introduced into the soil nitrogen fertilizers(mullein, urea, bird droppings);
• the second top dressing is carried out in June / July. Ash is used here;
• abundant watering should fall on the stage active growth plants and head formation;
• after each watering, loosening of the earth and weeding are carried out;

As you can see, planting and caring for winter garlic is simple. Therefore, it is grown in many regions of our country.

Popular varieties of winter garlic

On the this moment exist a large number of varieties of winter garlic. Therefore, it is often difficult for gardeners to determine which variety should be planted on own site. Consider the most popular varieties of garlic that are planted for the winter.

Komsomolets

This is mid-season variety, which forms the arrows. Its growing season is about 120 days. But in the southern regions, it is reduced to 100 days.

The main advantages of the variety are:

• frost resistance;
• sharp good taste;
• simple care;
• unpretentiousness;
• good immunity.

Komsomolets forms a large head, which has a flat-round shape. At proper care up to 1.2–1.4 kg of crop can be harvested from 1 sq.m.

Petrovsky

Shooting mid-season variety, which has a universal purpose. Planting garlic is carried out in the fall. The plant is formed by heads that have a flattened shape. The head is covered with off-white scales on top, which are pierced by longitudinal purple stripes. On average, one head weighs about 75 grams. It has 8 teeth. They have a sharp taste and brown color.

Among the advantages of this variety, it is worth highlighting the following points:

• stable fruiting;
• universal purpose of garlic;
• high quality crop;
• good taste;
• excellent immunity.

Petrovsky today is actively grown on the territory of Russia, Moldova, Ukraine.

Gribovskiy 60

Another excellent variety of winter garlic is Gribovsky 60. It is planted for the winter. The variety forms an arrow. The first shoots appear in early spring. Planting well tolerate even severe frosts. The taste is spicy. One head contains approximately 11 cloves.

From this video you will learn how to plant garlic before winter.

Garlic like any other garden plant, is divided into 2 types according to the timing of planting: spring and winter. We are interested in the second option, and, most likely, it will be arrowing, that is, its growth will be accompanied by abundant ejection of green feathers, unlike some types of spring. There are quite a few hybrids, but we will consider only a few of them. First of all, it is worth mentioning the universal, that is, which is both spring, very spicy variety"Lyubasha". He grows the most large heads, weighing up to 300 grams, on average - 140-150. In addition, among the advantages of this variety appear frost and drought resistance.

Another variety with good germination is called "Antonnik", it is not as sharp as "Lyubasha", but is more resistant to diseases, in particular to fungal infections. His heads are also quite large, up to 70 grams, however, the number of slices in them rarely exceeds 5 pieces, and the average is 4 cloves. Also, high germination was noted in the Dobrynya variety, which, at the same time, is not highly resistant to diseases. Slices in the head, which rarely reaches a weight of more than 60 grams, usually there are 4 pieces, rarely - 5.

Preparing garlic for planting

Even knowing how to properly plant the garlic chosen for early ripeness in the winter, it should be properly “hardened”, providing it with some protection from diseases in the fall. To do this, the heads divided into cloves are carefully examined for brown spots, selecting the strongest slices. It is recommended to remove the husk from some to ensure that the surface is clean. Then, in order to prevent damage by fungus and harmful bacteria, we place the cloves in a weak brine, mixing 0.5 tablespoons of salt in a liter of water. Further, planting material can be lowered onto a short time(2 minutes) into a solution of copper sulfate, taking its powder in the amount of half a teaspoon and mixing it in a liter of water.

A fairly universal solution is considered to be soaking the slices in a weak solution of potassium permanganate, throwing a few crystals per liter of water. It is enough to dip the garlic cloves into the liquid of pale color pink only 20 minutes to ensure they are completely decontaminated. Be sure to dry the planting material; wet garlic is never planted in the fall. At the same time, it should be remembered that it is necessary to disassemble the heads into cloves immediately before planting garlic in the prepared soil for the winter begins. That is, the beds should be loosened and correctly spud before sorting and processing the slices.

It is important to remember that the woody, tough "sole" at the bottom of the head of garlic must be carefully detached from the cloves that you plan to sow, otherwise it will prevent the roots from germinating.

Soil preparation for sowing winter garlic

When the time comes for planting winter crops, usually in autumn, warm days are already becoming rare, and at night the temperature noticeably tends to zero. In most cases, where winter comes early, and soil freezing begins already in mid-autumn, winter crops can be planted already at the end of August and all of September, and also, according to the situation, the first half of October. Where the warm days last all first autumn month, it is not too late to start sowing even in November. The only condition is that the soil must be suitable for garlic. It is difficult to expect good seedlings in waterlogged soil or where the soil contains too much sand.

In order to plant winter garlic before winter in the ground, the cloves should in no case be pressed into loose soil, neat holes should be made in the beds, where the planting material is laid. You can use an ordinary twig to get pretty neat recesses, but many use tools specially designed for this purpose. In particular, a piece of pipe mounted on a handle from a shovel is convenient, especially if a crossbar is welded to it, as on a spade. Then it is enough to set the tool vertically and lightly press with your foot to form a hole. When the technology is developed, the work goes very quickly. The cross member will serve as a depth limiter, so it must be welded at a distance of 5-6 centimeters from the bottom edge of the pipe.

Another technology is to make a long groove along the crest of the entire bed, and plant cloves into it at the required intervals (about 10 centimeters). As a fertilizer and to reduce the acidity of the soil, it is laid in a groove or in holes. a small amount of ash to the bottom. Also, garlic will be very useful powdered sand. The fact is that heavy rains make the soil limp, become sticky and tightly fit the garlic cloves, interfering with the access of oxygen, and after drying, moisture. Therefore, we pour a little sand on the bottom of the holes, then put a clove there and sprinkle sand on top again, and only then we level the soil over the planting material. The phased work can be studied with the help of video.

The subtleties of growing a good harvest of winter garlic

It is very important to protect your crops from freezing in winter, if there is suddenly not much snow. We plant garlic where the winds will not blow away the snow cover, and before winter we cover the beds with weed hay or straw, reeds. How to do it right, tell. The thickness of the covering layer should not be less than 15 centimeters. On warm days in the fall, as well as with the onset of clear weather in the spring, we rake the mulch so that the earth is warmed by the sun. From the top of the planted clove to the soil surface should be at least 4 centimeters, preferably 5 to avoid freezing.

It is very important to take into account the size of the heads and, accordingly, the cloves of garlic, the larger they are, the more distance should be left between plantings so that they do not interfere with each other. Remember that garlic very quickly draws potassium out of the soil, which is also actively consumed by any root crops. That is why it is highly undesirable to plant garlic next to the beds of potatoes, radishes or radishes. Planting spring garlic before winter is not recommended, firstly, spring varieties have a lower yield than winter varieties, and secondly, there is a risk that there will be no seedlings.

Good afternoon dear guests and readers of the blog!

I think everyone knows how difficult it is without this vegetable crop indispensable in the kitchen, because it gives the dishes a refined, spicy taste and refined aroma. Oh oh useful properties heard, for sure everyone, even children. Therefore, it is simply a must have in every home!

Many will say that garlic can be bought in the supermarket, beautiful and neat, and you should not even bother. But we do not know where and under what conditions it was grown, what fertilizers it was fed. And for lovers of agriculture, it is a sacred thing to cultivate everything with your own hands. Therefore, I suggest growing your own large, juicy and tasty vegetable.

When planting, it is extremely important to follow the biological processes of the surrounding nature. Therefore, I propose to focus on these very processes, favorable dates for lunar calendar and of course take into account the climatic conditions of your region. And also follow the rules of tillage, planting and care. Then you will have a huge harvest, which the neighbors will envy (just kidding) - they will be delighted!

Today we will plant winter crop teeth and in the summer we will collect gifts. This variety is planted before winter (autumn), it will take root perfectly and grow all winter, without requiring much labor. Now is just the time to land, so I suggest reading all the recommendations and tips that are collected in the article and feel free to get down to business ...

And remember, the main rule is to love the land, and then you will collect incredible crops!

When to plant winter garlic before winter 2018 in order to harvest a good harvest?

The climatic conditions of a particular region directly affect the timing of planting garlic in the winter. and define accordingly the exact date landing is not realistic. But it is quite possible to choose a period of time that will favorably affect the work.

Every gardener, I'm sure, knows that in order for a vegetable to successfully winter, it is necessary that the seed is sufficiently rooted. Gathered nutrients and in no case germinated to frost.

To strengthen the garlic cloves, 2-3 weeks are enough.

From the above, one can following output- you need to plant piquant cloves 15-20 days before frost (2-3 weeks). And the air temperature should be stable and not higher than + 13- + 15 ° С. Optimum temperature+10 - +12°С.

Check the weather report in advance so that there is no warming, otherwise the plant will germinate before winter and die from frost.

If you look at the lunar sowing calendar for October 2018, then the favorable days for sowing are October 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 25, 26, 29, 30 October.

And the southern regions plant this crop in November and December, favorable numbers for planting:

• November — 5,6,7,14
• December — 5,8,11,14

But it should be noted and unfavorable days in October, on which it is not advised to work with plants:

If you plant on these "bad" days, then you should not expect a good harvest. The plant may not germinate well, turn yellow, get sick, or even rot.

How to plant a plant in the fall in the open field so that the garlic grows large

With auspicious dates we figured out the planting, now I propose to consider how to properly plant a plant in order to reap a good harvest. In fact, everything is very simple, garlic, in itself, is not a whimsical culture. But there are a number of rules that must be followed when growing. I propose to consider everything in order from soil preparation to harvest.

After which crops to plant winter garlic in autumn

Absolutely every crop that is grown on our site absorbs useful and nutritious substances. Accordingly, after a while the soil is depleted. In this regard, it is recommended that before planting a new crop, plant a plant that will restore the fertility of the land. This agricultural technique is called fruit change, it prevents the complete depletion of soil reserves.

Our hero has a short root system and, when grown, it significantly depletes upper layer soil. Therefore, before this, it is best to plant plants with a long root system that will feed from the deep layers of the earth.

The best predecessors are cereals (in addition to barley and oats), as these are super green manures that improve soil quality. The culture will also grow well after clover and alfalfa (forage grasses), zucchini and squash.

But there are also such plants after which it is impossible to plant: carrots, beets, potatoes, onions.

I know that many are still faced with the question - is it possible to plant garlic after garlic? It is possible, but not recommended! After all, if you grow on the same site, then pests and pathogens will remain. Therefore, if the territory allows you, then grow in different places.

Follow crop rotation and planting rules, then you will definitely have an excellent harvest!

Soil preparation before planting, how to fertilize the land?

It is necessary to prepare the land for planting in advance, at least two weeks in advance, and preferably a month in advance. You need to choose a sunny place in which water does not stagnate and then the plant will receive enough light and will not die from excess moisture.

Try to plant from north to south, this is the most optimal location.

Our the protagonist prefers soft, loose soil filled with nutrients. So that the soil perfectly passes air and water and has a neutral acidity. Therefore, immediately you need to clear the area from debris and weeds. Then dig deep (18-20 cm) and fertilize:

Then the dug up area is leveled and compacted a little.

Do not plant in too dense, acidic or clay soil. However clay soil can be made loose by adding sand or peat.

Preparing beds for planting garlic in the fall

We have already found out above that garlic will not grow in those places where water stagnates at the roots. Therefore, you need to choose a landing site where water from the rains will not accumulate. If a special choice no, then it’s worth equipping the garden bed with edging made of slate, brick, boards or plastic.

The height of such a structure should not exceed 20 cm.

A high bed will not let the rain wash away the soil and it will be good and quickly warmed up by the spring sun

It is possible to make such a klaptik of the earth in an embankment without "sides", but with a fence it is still more effective.

When the bed is prepared, we “forget” for it until the very landing. The soil during this time is fairly compacted, which is what we need.

How to process cloves before planting

Before planting, the head is disassembled into cloves, only large, whole, dry and not spoiled cloves are selected.

I want to emphasize once again that the head is disassembled just before planting, right in the garden, and not a week or a month earlier.

Before planting this vegetable with a piquant taste, it must be disinfected. There are several processing options:

1. Immerse overnight in a weak solution of potassium permanganate,
2. Soak the cloves overnight in a 1% solution of copper sulfate in the proportion of 1 teaspoon per 1 bucket of water,
3. Dilute the solution with 3 tbsp. spoons kitchen salt for 1/2 teaspoon of water, dip the garlic for 2 minutes, then immediately dip it for 1 minute in a solution of copper sulfate (see the proportions in paragraph No. 2). After all these manipulations, rinse the teeth in clean water and plant in the ground.

Before planting, the cloves must be dried from moisture.

Which option to choose is up to you, but I strongly recommend that you disinfect the planting material.

Scheme of planting garlic in open ground: at what depth and at what distance to plant

The scheme for planting a winter vegetable is approximately as follows: grooves are made along at a distance of 25 cm - 35 cm from each other, the depth of which is 6-8 cm (still very important role plays the size of the clove, it is necessary that there is a distance of 4-5 cm from the surface of the soil to the clove). And the teeth sprouted at a distance of about 8-10 cm from each other (the length of the palm). Make the holes convenient for you with inventory, it can be pegs, a hoe, a garden shovel).

Take care and sprinkle a small amount into each well wood ash- exactly this the best fertilizer for garlic for the whole winter.

When the planting material has been prepared, you need to carefully place the cloves on the bottom of the hole and sprinkle with earth. Do not press the tooth, as it may be damaged.

When to Water

It is not worth watering in the fall, because it is already a rainy time. And the plant cannot grow rapidly so that frosts do not hit.

If possible, mulch the bed with a layer of sawdust or dried grass, the mulch will save crops from hard frosts by keeping moisture in the ground.

Processing and feeding garlic in the spring

Spring dressing - milestone when growing, which is difficult to overestimate. BUT correct application fertilizers - will increase the yield several times!

Without top dressing, this fragrant crop can turn yellow or become lethargic.

Wood ash for garlic is a source of nutrition, a prophylactic against diseases.

And one more important point, if you planted a variety that forms an arrow, then it will then need to be cut off. Otherwise, the plant will grow small, and the yield will decrease by about a third. And if you leave these air arrows until ripe, then you get a great seed.

Shoots should not be thrown away, they can be used to make a delicious snack!

When to harvest (dig up) garlic planted in winter

This culture ripens in about 110 days from the date of germination, but still for the ripening period huge role play the weather.

The main signs by which you can determine that the garlic is ripe:

• No new stems appear
• Existing leaves turn yellow,
• Arrows straighten, and the seed box becomes purple,
• The neck becomes dry

You need to dig in clear sunny weather, in the morning or in the evening, so that the sun does not burn the heads. You can not pull out the bulbs, otherwise you will damage them. Dig with a shovel or pitchfork.

Some gardeners not only plant this vigorous vegetable according to the lunar calendar, but also dig it up.

in 2019, the harvest of winter garlic on the Moon falls from July 18-31 and August from 16-29. However, you need to look for visual signs of maturity, and the phases of the moon in our case are just hints, not a clear recommendation.

It is also very important to dry the vegetable well after removing it from the ground. If the weather is sunny, everything will take about two days. You can dry it right in the garden, just cover it with a film from dew at night or bring it into the room.

How to plant garlic from bulbils in the fall?

I think it's no secret to anyone that the seed needs to be updated periodically so that vegetable diseases do not accumulate. Planting bulbs is a wonderful way to get a healthy harvest.

However, there is one feature this method cultivation, the harvest will be only in the second year, and not the next. Because in the first year a clove will grow from a bulb, and in the second year a full-fledged head will grow from a clove.

I suggest watching a more detailed planting process in the video, where the author tells in detail how and what needs to be done in order to grow large garlic from bulbs

Planting winter garlic in different regions of Russia (Moscow region, Ural, Siberia)

Each region of Russia has its own landing dates, the climate is to blame. Let's go through the "correct" dates...

The best time according to the lunar calendar for planting garlic for residents Moscow region October 25-30. But most gardeners are planted on October 14, the time before the Day of the Intercession. There is an opinion that a decent crop will grow if planted on that day.

The best varieties for this region: Messidor, Kharkovsky, Spas, Yubileiny 07, Yubileiny Gribovsky.

For Southern Urals favorable days - October 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, and residents Northern Urals should focus on October 26,27,28,29,30.

I will also give a list of numbers when you should not plant this crop on October 8, 9, 10, 23, 24 and 25.

Inhabitants Siberia already sown and waiting for a rich harvest! For this region, the best dates were September 23-30 (second mid-September).

How to store winter garlic for the winter at home

Winter garlic is rather difficult to store until spring, with an approximate shelf life of 4-6 months. Therefore, they try to keep it by all known methods for as long as possible. Below is a list, read carefully and choose the one that suits you:

• Dried heads are braided and stored in a cool dry place,
• Storage in nylon tights, cardboard boxes or grids
• Cold storage
• Sprinkling with salt, flour or onion skins

Optimal conditions: temperature: +2 - +3 C (when stored in a refrigerator); +15 - +20 C (storage in the pantry or in the kitchen). Humidity: 70 to 80%.

But in no case should you keep this vegetable near heating appliances otherwise the heads will quickly lose moisture and dry out.

Here is an informative article! I hope it will come in handy for you, you will use the recommendations and grow a rich harvest of this vegetable crop.

If you plan to grow garlic on your plot, it is best to worry about this in the fall. Landing this bulbous plant before winter will provide excellent quality and big size heads and cloves of garlic.

It is no secret that the main conditions for obtaining a rich harvest of winter garlic are the correct determination of the place for planting and the observance of the technology for preparing the beds. We tell you how to plant garlic in the fall.

Planting dates for winter garlic

When to plant garlic before winter depends primarily on the planned planting depth.

1. Planting garlic before winter to a depth of 3-5 cm

Most often, garlic is deepened by 3-5 cm. In this case, planting is carried out 2-3 weeks before first frost.

AT middle lane this period is usually September 20th - October 10th. In warmer regions with a mild climate, this november.

2. Planting winter garlic to a depth of 10-15 cm

Many gardeners prefer to plant garlic at a greater depth, with this method it takes root better and is easier to tolerate. winter frosts. When to plant winter garlic with deep planting? In the middle lane - already from the last decade of August to the second decade of October.

How to distinguish winter garlic from spring

Naturally, the main difference is that winter garlic planted before winter, and spring- in the spring.

Moreover, they can be distinguished by outward signs.

Then you can plant garlic before winter

It is better if they grew in the garden before the garlic tomatoes, cucumbers, legumes . Also good predecessors garlic can be early cabbage, zucchini, pumpkin. In this case, the soil for garlic will be as saturated as possible with organic fertilizers.

In places that were occupied by potatoes or onions, planting garlic is not recommended. This is due to the fact that between these crops there is a high risk of "exchange" of diseases (nematode, fusarium, etc.).

You should also not plant winter garlic in areas where manure was applied this year: garlic will give abundant tops, loose heads and will be less resistant to fungal diseases.

Choosing a place for beds for winter garlic

Find in your area the most fertile soil with normal or low acidity. This is where the garlic should be planted. Make a bed on sunny side positioned from north to south.

How to prepare a bed for winter garlic?

Preparation for planting winter garlic begins in advance.

1. Prepare the soil for garlic

AT late August - early September it is necessary to fertilize the soil: 10 kg of humus, 1 cup of chalk and 2 cups of ash are added for each square meter of area, 2 tablespoons are added. potassium sulfate and 1 tbsp. superphosphate. Evenly distributing all the components on the soil, it needs to be dug up. The digging depth must be at least 20 cm.

2. We form a bed

An ideal bed for winter garlic will be up to 1 m wide and up to 25 cm high.

3. Give time to shrink the soil

Some gardeners are in a hurry and plant garlic immediately after digging. This affects the growth and development of the plant: garlic cloves, when the soil settles, are deep in the ground, and in the spring, the germination time of the shoots increases and the crop yield decreases.

4. We cultivate the soil

In order to prevent garlic diseases, treat the land with a 1% solution blue vitriol(1 tbsp. Dilute the substance in 10 liters of water). With the resulting solution, use a watering can to pour the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe beds. Then cover it with foil.

On average, 1 bucket of such a solution is required per 2 sq.m.

On the eve of planting garlic, scatter on the surface of the beds urea at the rate of 10-20 g per square meter and water the soil with water.

How to prepare garlic for planting

How to prepare a bed for planting and when to plant winter garlic, we have already figured out, now it's time to decide how to prepare the planting material itself.

1. We disassemble the head into teeth

Firstly, it is important to carefully examine the garlic and disassemble the heads into separate cloves, from which the largest, healthiest ones need to be selected for planting.

If you are planting non-shooting garlic varieties, use only the outer tier cloves.

2. Disinfect garlic

Selected cloves must be soaked for a day in a 0.1% solution of potassium permanganate or a 1% solution of copper sulphate.

Proper planting of winter garlic cloves

Now we proceed directly to the technology of planting garlic in the fall.

1. Making holes

On the bed prepared in advance, we outline the place for planting winter garlic. To do this, make holes in the ground with a stick at a distance 10 cm from each other. Hole depth - from 3 to 15 cm depending on the method and time of landing. We have already discussed this at the beginning of the article.

Row spacing - 20-25 cm.

2. Bury the garlic cloves

Place the garlic cloves into the wells.

It is not worth pressing them into the ground, as this delays root formation.

3. We cultivate the land

If the earth is dry, you can shed it with a pink solution of potassium permanganate.

4. Fall asleep holes

Cover the holes with rotted compost.

5. Mulch the garden

The optimal layer of mulch is about 10 cm. For mulching, it is best to use peat, coniferous needles or spruce branches, fallen leaves.

In warm regions, mulching winter garlic is not necessary.

An alternative way to plant winter garlic

There is another, less familiar approach to preparing beds for winter garlic.

1. We apply fertilizer for planting garlic

At the end of August, it is necessary to apply fertilizer to the garden bed:

• potassium sulfate (2 tablespoons per sq.m);
• superphosphate (1 tablespoon per sq.m);
• wood ash (2 cups per sq.m);
• chalk (1 glass per sq.m);
• humus (10 kg per sq.m).

All fertilizers are applied dry and scattered on the soil surface.

2. Cultivate the soil

After that, the earth must be carefully dug up. Again, for early shrinkage, the soil is watered abundantly. If the weather turned out to be rainy, watering is optional.

3. We fill the garden

First of all, along the prepared bed, 35-45 cm from it, it is necessary to sow rows of peas, oats and white mustard.

4. We cultivate the soil before planting

Fertilize 1-2 days before planting garlic. To do this, urea is applied to the beds (10-20 g per sq.m). Then the earth is generously watered.

5. Planting winter garlic

In early October, when the sprouts of peas and oats reach 20 cm or more, it is time to plant garlic between their green rows.

This method of winter planting garlic is quite effective. The greenery will trap snow in the beds, so that in winter the garlic will be covered with a snow coat, and in the spring it will receive sufficient moisture.

Foreword

There are many circumstances when planting garlic before winter is more convenient and even more practical. Therefore, we will tell you all about the timing and features of such a procedure.

Why is it beneficial to plant garlic in late autumn?

Garlic is one of the most popular plants, it can be found in almost every area. It has a special taste, aroma and is valued for its healing properties. In addition, this plant is quite unpretentious and does not require special conditions. Therefore, the method of winter planting garlic is quite common. Why are more and more summer residents trying to make such a bed in the fall?

First of all, it provides earlier and high yields. At the same time, seedlings give uniform seedlings, and the gardener, using this technique, gets the opportunity to distribute sowing work for autumn and spring period making your work easier. Beneficial effect winter landing and on the quality of culture itself. Garlic heads are large, beautiful, and are also characterized by a distinct division into cloves.

More as a result autumn planting and wintering in the ground, the plant goes through the process of limiting natural hardening, after which it becomes strong. Due to early shoots, winter garlic avoids settling by numerous garden pests. Plants are much less vulnerable and prone to various diseases, and also feel normal at any level of humidity, they are not afraid of temperature changes.

Spring drought is not dangerous for winter garlic, because its seedlings use moisture for their nutrition, which is formed during the spring snowmelt. Therefore, the plant does not need regular watering until the onset of the summer heat. Another bonus: garlic planted before winter is better suited for shaping, including at home. As you can see, it's worth a try. It is only important to figure out correctly when to plant winter garlic, and that's what we'll do.

What is the best landing time?

In the fall, it is very important not to miscalculate over time when to plant this crop. In the case of early planting, garlic cloves begin to sprout in the fall. And this greatly weakens the seedlings and reduces their cold resistance. However, it is better not to delay the planting process, because before the onset of frost, the plant needs to properly get used to and take root in the soil.

Experienced gardeners claim that the period from the moment of planting winter garlic in the fall until the onset extreme cold should be about a month and a half. So optimum time considered to be the period from the end of September to mid-October. True, some gardeners use experimental method, planting garlic around the second decade of August. At the same time, the plant germinates and shoots, and, sprouting in the next year, gives, as they say, especially high performance productivity.

But still, most agronomists categorically do not recommend the procedure for planting winter garlic before the end of September. This is fraught with adverse consequences in the form of premature growth and a decrease in the frost resistance of the crop in question. And if the landing time for the winter is significantly ahead of correct timing, then garlic adapts perfectly in the soil and will start up young green shoots, but which will die under the first frost. The result of this will be the subsequent defeat of the rhizome.

The only chance for a successful wintering in this case will be a large amount of snow. But even with this option, surviving plants will be sickly, lethargic and unlikely to give a good harvest.

If the landing time before winter was chosen too late, then the garlic will hardly endure the cold, will be prone to freezing, will give unfriendly shoots, and for a good harvest in early dates you can't hope. A culture that has not had time to adapt and take root properly can die even with slight drops in temperature. And they will not be able to survive the harsh and dry winter at all.

Assessing climatic conditions

To give a more accurate date when it is best to plant in the fall, you need to focus on the climatic conditions of a particular area. It is advisable to wait for dry and calm weather. Temperature regime in this case, it should be about + 12–16 degrees. This has its own explanations. Planting a crop during rainfall can cause it to get wet, which very often causes rotting in the soil, and also provokes the development various diseases. If the temperature exceeds +18 ° C, then there is a high probability of garlic germination, which is considered an unfavorable factor. Planting winter garlic in cold weather can adversely affect the formation of its root system, and the plant may simply not take root.

Climatic conditions in different parts of Russia differ significantly from each other, so it is better to focus not on the date, but on temperature indicators. The further north the area, the earlier the landing time comes and vice versa. What else is worth paying attention to when determining the time for sowing winter garlic? Let's try to find answers to this question, focusing on folk wisdom, as well as using the experience of knowledgeable people.

So, from ancient times it was customary to start mass landings winter garlic 2 weeks before the onset of the Intercession. Also, our grandfathers and great-grandfathers carefully watched the trees, and the period when almost all the foliage fell from them was considered ideal. There are still a lot of indicators that our ancestors paid attention to in order to decide when it is time to plant a bed of garlic before winter:

• it becomes cool hands without mittens;
• begin to plant tulips;
• birds gather in flocks and fly to warmer climes;
• it becomes cold to walk barefoot on the ground;
• birch leaf fall is approaching.

Of course, it is not worth it to completely focus on signs, calculating the timing for sowing garlic before winter, but for more confidence it would be useful to keep them in mind. The main assistant of gardeners is invariably the weather forecast. However, to avoid possible error when you are planning to sow winter garlic, study the information in several synoptic reports and try to draw your own conclusion about weather conditions for the next month and a half.

Many experienced gardeners When choosing the time when garlic will be planted before winter, they will certainly be guided by the lunar calendar. Indeed, since ancient times it has been known that certain days and phases have a significant impact on the growth and development of plants. And we will describe a few rules. To successfully sow garlic before winter, the period when the moon is waning is considered ideal. If you do this on the waxing moon, then the growth of the plant may slow down. As regards the location of this celestial body, then it is desirable that at the time of planting the garlic she was in the so-called earth signs, which include Capricorn, Virgo and Taurus.

Protection for winter garlic

If you have successfully chosen the time when to plant a winter variety of garlic, then you still need to provide it with protection. To do this, it is recommended to mulch the beds with a mixture that includes peat, ash and sand. A more serious shelter should be taken closer to the possible onset of frost, which also directly depends on the weather and climatic conditions of each particular area. The layer height should be approximately 5–7 cm.

The most common for these purposes are peat, fallen leaves, sawdust, and dry plant stems. In frosty and snowy winters, experienced gardeners for sheltering garlic prefer insulating structures from several various materials. This will not only protect future garlic beds from waterlogging, but also protect them from a number of different garden pests.

What to do if for some reason you missed optimal timing planting garlic? Do not despair! There is a technique for forced germination of a crop, which will allow it to quickly gain a foothold in the soil. This process is quite simple. You will need to immerse the garlic cloves in a mixture of humate and warm water. Then soak the sawdust in the same liquid and place the planting material in them for a couple of days.

When the garlic sprouts and takes root, you can start planting them in the ground. It is preliminary recommended to moisten the soil and saturate it with fertilizers. Planted plants are mulched with loose earth and sawdust, and then covered with a layer of dense hermetic film. When the first snow falls, the shelter can be removed. This will provide garlic with a comfortable wintering and will allow you to get a rich harvest, even if you are late with planting.