Flushing of industrial boilers of any modifications. Chemical flushing and cleaning of boilers completely remove scale and other deposits

Timely technical inspection and maintenance of boiler equipment will always contribute to its uninterrupted and stable operation.

One of the important maintenance works is the cleaning and washing of boilers.

In this article we will describe in detail all the nuances and aspects of this type of work.

The essence of the procedure

Internal walls of pipes before and after chemical processing It's no secret that during the operation of boiler equipment, scale and various kinds of chemical pollution settle on the internal surfaces. This, in turn, complicates the operation of the boiler system.

The scope of work, which includes cleaning and removing unnecessary deposits, is precisely called the chemical washing of the boiler.

It is also worth noting that flushing is a relatively inexpensive cleaning method that results in maximum efficiency. (You can read about descaling the heating boiler here).

Advantages

Chemical flush boilers contributes to the following positive aspects:

Such improvements confirm once again that flushing is really effective and rational method boiler system cleaning.

Sequence of work

Flushing of boiler equipment should take place in a strictly defined order, the main stages of which are the following important points:

• complete shutdown of the boiler and cooling;
• draining from the technical fluid system;
• filling the boiler unit with a chemical solution using a special device;
• cyclic circulation of the solution in the system;
• draining the spent product;
• flushing of boiler equipment with technical water;
• disposal of all waste.

In fact, all stages of work do not pose any particular technical difficulties, but for a better understanding, it is worth dwelling in more detail on which devices are used to carry out the entire washing process.

Equipment for cleaning boiler systems

As mentioned above, the entire process of chemical washing is carried out using a special device called a booster.

The booster consists of the following elements:

It should be noted that the booster is a unique device of its kind, which greatly facilitates the washing of boiler equipment.

Materials used

An important aspect of washing the boiler unit is the question of the use of various acidic substances.

Exist the following types acids with which the boiler equipment is cleaned:

1. Adipic acid. This substance is diluted with water in a certain proportion, and is directly fed into the boiler with the help of a booster. Carbon dioxide when interacting with dirt and scale, dissolves them, and then turns into a precipitate, which is subsequently washed out under pressure technical water. The best option for using a solution with adipic acid would be for chemical washing of domestic boilers for heating.
2. Lemon acid. This type of acidic substance greatly simplifies the cleaning of the boiler, as it can be added directly to the reagent that circulates in process water.
3. Sulfamic acid. After the circulation of this reagent in the boiler equipment, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the system and then dry it. This type of acid effectively cleans the interior surfaces of steam boilers.
4. Hydrochloric acid. The concentration of the solution of this aggressive substance directly depends on the thickness of the contaminated scale. If the thickness of the deposits is 1 mm, then, accordingly, there should be a 1% solution. In other cases, the concentration of the solution does not increase, and the boiler is flushed several times. Hydrochloric acid is optimally suited for cleaning waste heat boilers.
5. Gel. This type of substance does not belong to acidic environments, however, it dissolves oil-based pollutants quite well. The main condition for the use of a gel substance is a thorough flushing of the boiler equipment with technical fluid.

Getting to know the characteristics chemical reagents for cleaning the boiler, we can conclude: all types of substances used are aggressive, therefore, precautions must be taken when working with them.

Safety regulations

When working with substances for chemical washing of boilers, it is necessary to observe a number of the following recommendations:

In this article, we have introduced you in detail to all aspects of chemical washing of boiler equipment. Taking them into account, you can easily cope with the dry cleaning of boilers of any modification.

Watch the video in which experts demonstrate competent chemical washing of the boiler:

• print

heat.guru

Flushing of boilers and heat exchangers: technology, chemicals

The boiler is flushed when the apparatus ceases to function normally. At the same time, most users turn to specialists who will clean the boilers for money and make all the necessary settings. But few people think that they can cope with this task on their own. But in vain.

Time to clean the boiler

Cleaning is done in three cases:

Boiler flush options

• mechanical;
• hydraulic;
• complex.

What is a heat exchanger

• chemical;
• mechanical;
• combined.

There are also disadvantages:

Washing Reagents

• pollution level;

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Conclusion

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Chemical flushing of boilers - useful information from ASGARD-Service

The company "ASGARD-Service" carries out chemical washing of boilers of various types:

• Steam, hot water (by type of heat carriers);
• Gas, solid fuel, diesel (according to the type of fuel);
• Boiler equipment.

Figure 1. Boilers

The problem with boiler fouling is a periodic and inevitable phenomenon, corresponding to the fuel used, the type of heat carrier, and water treatment. When using diesel fuel, the pollution of the furnace space occurs 3 to 4 times faster than when using gas. Using solid fuel(wood/coal) boilers may be contaminated according to an even tighter schedule. The space filled with coolant is distinguished by other types of pollution (salts, rust, etc.). The occurrence of such situations affects the deterioration of the economic component of the enterprise and can lead to considerable losses.

Figure 2 and 3. Pollution on boilers.

Procedure for chemical washing of boilers

This method of cleaning boilers and boiler equipment is the simplest and most reliable. When performing it, specialists use acidic reagents that contribute to quick and high-quality loosening, removal of deposits, scale and other types of deposits from the walls of boilers. Each boiler manufacturer develops its own recommendations for the selection of cleaning agents. Therefore, guided by their recommendations, the necessary solution for washing is selected. The actions of our specialists are fully consistent with the documents of manufacturers, working documentation.

Figure 3. The result of cleaning.

All work on cleaning boilers is carried out by our specialists in accordance with RD 34.37.402-96 " standard instruction on operational chemical cleaning of hot water boilers. This document states that all types of deposits can be cleaned using the following detergents: hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, as well as sulfuric acid with ammonium hydrofluoride, sulfamic acid, low molecular weight acid concentrate (NMA).

With a specific detergent, our specialists are determined after agreement with the customer and identifying the degree of contamination of the equipment that needs cleaning. It should be noted that the use of any acidic solution is made in combination with a corrosion inhibitor to protect the metal of the boiler.

The cleaning procedure includes:

• Calculation of the required amount of reagent, corresponding to the volume of the boiler;
• Filling the reagent inside the boiler;
• Creation of a closed circuit for the circulation of the solution.

During circulation, all types of deposits are separated, passing into solution and settling in an intermediate tank included in the flushing system. A few hours of work are enough to completely clean the boiler and prepare for work.

The time of the cleaning procedure corresponds to the degree of contamination of the boiler and can be either several hours or several days (for complete completion chemical reaction). These parameters are used to calculate the cost of work taking place at a particular facility.

Our specialists have successfully carried out chemical washing works at the following facilities:

asgard-service.com

Chemical washing of boilers

Chemical flushing of the heat exchanger is carried out using certified reagents by qualified specialists. When carrying out chemical washings, the risk of mechanical damage to the equipment is minimized. Heat exchangers are washed within 1-2 days, depending on the volume and degree of contamination. Previously, before flushing, the chemical engineer evaluates the nature and degree of contamination. Regular flushing will ensure reliable performance equipment and fuel economy.

Devices and devices

Acid is poured into the container using special equipment, most often boosters are used for this purpose. The devices consist of a container in which the reagent is placed, and a pump that pumps it into the boiler. Also, the equipment has an electric heater designed to increase the temperature of the reagent. It must be remembered that employees carrying out such maintenance of the boiler room must be equipped with protective clothing, rubber gloves and special goggles.

Estimated cost of services

The cost of work is formed based on the model of the boiler, location, heat exchange surface area, water volume and degree of contamination.

The cost of work is formed based on the heat exchanger model, location, heat exchange surface area, water volume.

What explains the need to flush boiler and heat exchange equipment with chemicals?

In practice, the quality of water for heating networks does not correspond to established standards. Failure to comply with the regulations during the commissioning of the system starts the process of sedimentation of excess salt and other impurities on the surface of the pipes. In this regard, the hydraulic regime is violated, the useful volume of networks is reduced, which leads to a complete imbalance and threatens the integrity of the system. It is not possible to carry out mechanical cleaning of pipes and equipment due to the lack of technical capacity, so chemical flushing becomes almost the only and most effective method cleaning the system.

Stages of flushing boiler equipment:

1. Preview inner surface and heating elements.2. Determining the level of contamination and selection of chemical reagents.3. Direct washing of boiler equipment under the strict supervision of specialists.

4. Drawing up a report on the work done.

Chemical flushing of the boiler with a sludge level of more than 1500 g/m3 or with a content of silicic acid (sulphates) in sediments above 10% is carried out in two stages with preliminary alkalization before the acid stage. If the amount of sludge working surface boiler unit is more than 3000 - 4000 g / m, an alternation of acid and alkaline treatment stages is required.

In certain cases, acid flushing of the boiler must be preceded by mechanical (hydrodynamic) flushing of sludge-laden areas, which makes it possible to get rid of porous and non-cemented deposits. In this case, the duration of cleaning and the amount of chemicals needed for effective flushing is significantly reduced.

The main requirements for the chemical washing process: - the use of safe detergents to avoid damage to the surfaces of the boiler;

The ability to effectively remove deposits without the formation of insoluble compounds.

Flushing of heat exchangers

Regular flushing will not only increase the performance of the heat exchanger and reduce the risk of defects on the working surfaces, but also prevent premature equipment failure. Chemical flushing is necessary to clean the internal surfaces of the heat exchanger from harmful deposits that reduce the thermal conductivity of the system. Excessive pollution interferes with the productive operation of the heat exchanger and forces to take measures for artificial adjustment temperature regime. Regular flushing helps to avoid unforeseen accidents and damage to heat exchange equipment.

Chemical flushing of the heat exchanger is carried out in several stages:

1. The introduction of a solution with active substances into the heat exchanger, which, when reacting with deposits on the internal surfaces, split them and remove them from the unit.
2. Washing the plates of heat exchange equipment with water in order to remove the residual reagent. In case of inefficient flushing, active substances can react with the coolant, which will lead to damage to the equipment.
3. Alkaline washing of internal surfaces.
4. Hydraulic tests newly commissioned heat exchange equipment.

Examples of contamination of boiler surfaces

Samples of the maximum pollution extracted from the water part of the heating surfaces of the boiler

Boiler water path - scale deposits before and after boiler flushing

Smoke tubes

Connection of flame tube and tube plate

Time to clean the boiler

Cleaning is done in three cases:

1. For prevention. Such washing of boilers is carried out by the owner of the house once or twice a year. At the same time, a minimum of money and effort is spent.
2. When the heat exchanger is contaminated with scale or soot, it reduces its effective work. In this case, you can fix the problem yourself or call the wizard.
3. The heat generator has failed. He just stops. In this case, you can not do without a specialist. He adjusts the system and flushes it.

Boiler flush options

There are only three ways to flush a gas boiler for repair purposes:

• mechanical;
• hydraulic;
• complex.

The second and third methods are the most effective. If preventive or regular cleaning of the boiler can be done by hand, then it is better to entrust the repair to professionals.

The mechanical method consists in the use of physical force and tools in order to clean the scale in the boilers. These can be scrapers or brushes, as well as modern spreading heads with various types of drives. Tools must be chosen correctly and used with care. If the walls of the boiler are damaged, this will lead to increased corrosion, and then to the rapid failure of the entire system. The least dangerous for the device is flushing with hydraulics. Pressurized water removes scale from all parts of the boiler.

With the complex option, washing of the boilers is carried out by water pressure using tools. Most often this happens if there is too much pollution in some part of the device.

What is a heat exchanger

The gas boiler has in its design an element that is located above the furnace and is a connected tube. They circulate coolant. Its location is not accidental, the combustion of gas in the boiler must heat the coolant, which is located in the heat exchanger.

The coolant is water. As it heats up, it passes further through the system. But untreated water contains many impurities in its composition, which can settle in the tubes when heated. Most often these are salts and lime particles. With a lot of pollution, water hardly passes through the pipes, which leads to malfunctions.

Time to clean the heat exchanger

There is a lot of controversy about when the heat exchanger needs to be flushed. gas boiler. There are signs that will tell you it's time for a cleansing. The most important ones are:

• always on gas-burner in the boiler;
• the circulation pump began to work with noise, which indicates its overload;
• heating radiators heat up much longer in time;
• gas consumption has increased, although the operating mode of the boiler has not changed;
• the water pressure has weakened (pay attention to this sign when you need to flush a double-circuit boiler).

Procedure for flushing the heat exchanger with a booster

Booster is a special apparatus for chemical cleaning. It allows the reagent solution to circulate autonomously in the heat exchanger.

1. The first step is to disconnect both nozzles of the device from the heating system.
2. One of them is connected to the booster hose, through which the reagent will be supplied.
3. The second pipe is also connected to the booster hose, but with another one. The spent solution will go into it. It turns out that the system will close, and circulation will occur, and without additional participation.
4. The spent solution will remain in the booster, it must be drained. Wash the heat exchanger with water.

It is better to clean with a booster several times, since the reagent gradually reduces its properties, and new solution increase cleaning efficiency.

Methods for flushing the boiler and heat exchanger

Flushing of the gas boiler heat exchanger is carried out to preserve bandwidth device and its thermal properties.

Devices may differ in the type of heat exchanger and the quality of the water used, depending on this, they should be washed in different ways. There are three reliable and proven methods:

• chemical;
• mechanical;
• combined.

Chemical method of flushing the heat exchanger

Boilers are cleaned using reagents, mainly acids, and a special installation is required.

With the help of such an installation, the acid is dissolved to the desired consistency and heated. Temperature significantly affects the quality of washing. After preparing the solution, it is fed into the heat exchanger, and then it is removed.

Cleaning of heat exchangers occurs due to the presence and circulation of acid in it. Finish flushing large quantity water.

There is a possibility that the scale consists of various chemical components, therefore, cleaning should be carried out using additional flushing of the boilers with other chemicals.

Acid flushing has the following advantages:

• no need to remove and disassemble the device, which saves time;
• after such cleaning, the most common contaminants - hardness salts and magnesium hydroxide - will not remain in the heat exchanger.

There are also disadvantages:

• apply it with a slight degree of pollution;
• those contaminants that are formed due to corrosion cannot be removed by this method;
• safety measures are mandatory, since the reagents are very toxic and dangerous;
• the solution after washing must be neutralized and disposed of.

Washing Reagents

Manufacturers different kind Chemistry provides a choice of several options for the means by which gas boilers are flushed.

Several parameters should be taken into account when choosing a particular tool:

• pollution level;
• the material from which the boiler and heat exchanger are made, their reaction to the purchased chemical agent.

The following substances are suitable for cleaning a home boiler:

• citric acid - its effectiveness in removing scale is very high;
• sulfamic and adipic acids - effective for preventive cleanings and regular washing, with slight contamination;
• hydrochloric acid - this tool is used to eliminate very strong pollution;
• various gels - they need to be dissolved in water (efficiency is in no way inferior to previous remedies).

Chemical flushing of boilers and heat exchangers is carried out only in compliance with special safety measures.

Mechanical method of flushing the heat exchanger

The main difference from chemical method is the dismantling of the entire heat exchanger.

After that, each of the parts is washed separately with a stream of water under strong pressure. This method is used in very rare cases, when pollution is not amenable to other types of cleaning.

Advantages:

• effective for severe contamination, even corrosion products can be washed only by this method;
• the use of chemicals is excluded - this is absolutely safe method;
• no need for additional disposal of the washing solution.

Disadvantages:

• The main disadvantage of mechanical flushing is the disassembly of the whole unit. This is very difficult to do, and some devices do not even have disassembly instructions. In any case, it will require a lot of effort and a lot of time.
• In order for the water pressure to be strong enough, you need to use an additional device.
• The cost of mechanical flushing will significantly exceed chemical flushing due to high labor costs.

Second option mechanical way:

• The first step is to disconnect the boiler from the power supply.
• Disassemble it and carefully pull out the heat exchanger.
• Immerse the element in a container with a low concentration acid solution for a period of 3 to 7 hours, depending on the degree of contamination.
• Rinse the heat exchanger running water and install in its original place.

Experts advise when washing with water to tap a little on the device to improve cleaning. The most effective method is the soaking of parts when cleaning a double-circuit boiler.

The method of combined washing of the heat exchanger

Serious and neglected pollution cannot be cleaned by only one of the methods, therefore, a combined one is used.

There may be several types of chemical contaminants in the heat exchanger, as well as corrosion products. When washing in any of the ways, special balls can be added to the solution, which will create additional pressure and be able to repel scale from the walls of the device.

Conclusion

Flushing boilers and cleaning them from soot is possible without outside help. But it is a completely different matter with flushing the heat exchanger. Here you will need confidence in success - if it is not there, then for the first time you can call the master. At the same time, carefully monitor his actions so that when you clean it again, you can be sure that you can handle it yourself.

AT in general terms the process of chemical flushing of the boiler is as follows. During the chemical flushing of the boiler, water is first drained from the boiler circuit, then the unit for chemical washing of the boiler is connected to the boiler, which includes a tank with a reagent, a reverse pump and a heating element. With the help of a chemical boiler flushing unit, a boiler flushing agent consisting of an acid solution is pumped into the boiler. After that, the circulation of the solution through the boiler pipes begins. The circulation time of the acid solution through the boiler pipes depends on the degree of contamination of the boiler and the nature of the deposits, on average it is 4-7 hours when washing the boilers of the most common types.

During the operation of the chemical boiler washing plant, the circulation of the acidic chemical washing solution is determined by our specialists depending on the change in color of the solution (dissolved deposits are added to the solution) and on the basis of the results of constant pH tests.

After required amount acid solution is pumped into the boiler, initially the pH of the solution for chemical boiler washing is maintained at a level of 1-2, that is, the solution for chemical boiler washing has strong acidic properties.

Then, over time, the acidity of the chemical washing solution begins to gradually decrease, as the acid is consumed during the reaction of the acid washing agent for boilers with iron oxides and salts of magnesium and calcium.

After the pH of the solution stabilizes at the level of 4-5 units, a new portion of acidic materials for washing the boilers is added to the solution, and the ion content rises again to the pH mark of 1-2.

A similar procedure is repeated several times during the flushing of the boilers; until the boiler flushing specialist notes a decrease in the rate of acid pH drop; that is, as long as the pH 2 acid boiler wash solution maintains this value for a long time. This will mean that the acid solution for boiler washing and chemical boiler washing has nothing more to react with, that is, all deposits and scale are in dissolved form.

After the reagent completely dissolves scale and deposits in the circulation process when washing the boiler, water with dissolved deposits is drained from the boiler and disposed of.

After that, the boiler cleaning process is completed by washing the boiler with water until all the deposits dissolved during boiler cleaning are removed from the boiler with running water.

Summing up the article on chemical washing of boilers, we can say with confidence that chemical washing is a reliable cheap means to completely clean the walls of boiler pipes from scale and deposits, consisting of the most common compounds in Russia - iron oxide and hardness salts. That is, acid washing of the boiler gives you the following advantages compared to other types of boiler cleaning:

• flushing the boiler gives a reduction in fuel and electricity consumption at a level of 10%;
• flushing the boiler gives an increase in the overhaul period of the boiler;
• flushing the boiler improves the environmental situation of the air basin
• chemical boiler flushing is a practical and inexpensive way to flush the boiler in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and at the same time, with minimal cost and with maximum efficiency.

At the same time, it is necessary to understand that chemical washing of boilers, despite its seeming simplicity, is a rather complex technical operation associated with working with caustic materials and specialized technical equipment. We urge you to be more careful when choosing contractors for chemical washing of the boiler.

We also carry out a full range of heating system maintenance, heating system repair, heat exchanger cleaning, preparation for the heating season, pressure testing, heating system flushing, coolant replacement, boiler maintenance and repair.

Fluids for flushing heat exchangers

Regardless of the cleaning method you choose, you will need a flush reagent. The choice of flushing liquid should be wise, as some of them can damage and even disable the heat exchanger of your gas boiler. Let's consider in what cases certain solutions are suitable:

Hydrochloric acid

For cleaning heat exchangers made of copper or of stainless steel an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 2-5% is successfully used. Special additives, inhibitors, help protect the metal without preventing the dissolution of oxides and carbonates. Washing with hydrochloric acid is the lot of professionals who are aware of their actions when working with this aggressive reagent. Independently, at home, it is highly not recommended to clean the gas boiler heat exchanger with this tool without a clear understanding of the ongoing processes.

Sulfamic acid

Washing the heat exchanger with sulfamic acid is particularly effective in removing deposits containing metal oxides. This cleaner is safe for all materials and can be used successfully at home. The composition for washing the heat exchanger includes a 2-3% aqueous solution of sulfamic acid and corrosion inhibitors.

Orthophosphoric acid

Flushing with orthophosphoric acid is effective for heat exchangers of gas boilers of all types. This cleaning agent not only perfectly removes scale and dirt, but also does not cause any harm to the metal and even creates protective film. To obtain an effective regent, it is necessary to dilute phosphoric acid in water to obtain a 13% solution.

Lemon acid

Solution citric acid at a temperature of 60°C perfectly removes scale and oxidation, while not affecting the metal of the heat exchanger. This product is great for cleaning copper, brass and stainless steel devices. Depending on the degree of contamination, the recommended concentration is from 0.5 to 1.5%.

Flushing liquid "Detex"

Detex flushing agent is used to remove scale, oxides, salts and various biological deposits from the walls of cast iron, steel and copper heat exchangers. Due to the content of surfactants and corrosion inhibitor additives, it protects the metal, thereby increasing the service life. heating equipment. Depending on the degree of contamination, the Detex concentrate is diluted with water in a ratio of 1/6 - 1/10 and poured into the washing machine.

The process of circulation of the flushing liquid through the heat exchanger of the gas boiler is accompanied by gas evolution, the stop of which indicates the end of the action of the reagent. If the required flushing quality is not achieved, increase the Detex concentration until the gas formation process resumes and continue the cleaning procedure. At the final stage, it is necessary to flush the heat exchanger with a neutralizing liquid, and then with water.

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Air heating in a country house is not popular in Russia now. This method is widely used in Canada and the USA. Steam This type of heating in cottages is practically not used. It is mainly used in industrial facilities. It is economically and technically justified if steam is involved in the technological processes of the enterprise. Stove Heating with a stove is a well-known option. AT country houses stove heating gradually gives way to more modern, efficient and easy-to-use options. It is impossible to heat a large cottage with a stove. In many homes, the stove is an element of interior design, and not a source of heating. Heating system country houses with a liquid heat carrier Let us dwell in more detail on the most popular type of heating - water. Water heating systems, depending on the fuel used, are divided into following classes: Systems operating on gas (main gas, liquefied gas) Electric heating (with electric boilers) Solid fuel systems Liquid fuel systems In terms of living comfort, all heating options listed…

In anticipation new year holidays pyrotechnic products are in great demand. As a result, staff...

Chemical flushing of boilers: description available funds and execution rules

Timely technical inspection and maintenance of boiler equipment will always contribute to its uninterrupted and stable operation.

One of the important maintenance works is the cleaning and washing of boilers.

In this article we will describe in detail all the nuances and aspects of this type of work.

In contact with

The essence of the procedure

The inner walls of pipes before and after chemical treatment It's not a secret for anyone that during the operation of boiler equipment, scale and various kinds of chemical pollution settle on the inner surfaces. This, in turn, complicates the operation of the boiler system.

The scope of work, which includes cleaning and removing unnecessary deposits, is precisely called the chemical washing of the boiler.

It is also worth noting that flushing is a relatively inexpensive cleaning method that results in maximum efficiency.

Advantages

Chemical flushing of boilers contributes to the following positive aspects:

These improvements confirm once again that flushing is a truly effective and efficient method of cleaning the boiler system.

Sequence of work

Flushing of boiler equipment should take place in a strictly defined order, the main stages of which are the following important points:

In fact, all stages of work do not pose any particular technical difficulties, but for a better understanding, it is worth dwelling in more detail on which devices are used to carry out the entire washing process.

Equipment for cleaning boiler systems

As mentioned above, the entire process of chemical washing is carried out using a special device called a booster.

The booster consists of the following elements:

It should be noted that the booster is a unique device of its kind, which greatly facilitates the washing of boiler equipment.

Materials used

An important aspect of washing the boiler unit is the question of the use of various acidic substances.

There are the following types of acids with which boiler equipment is cleaned:

1. Adipic acid. This substance is diluted with water in a certain proportion, and is directly fed into the boiler with the help of a booster. Carbon dioxide, when interacting with dirt and scale, dissolves them, and then turns into a precipitate, which is subsequently washed out under the pressure of process water. The best option for using a solution with adipic acid would be for chemical washing of domestic boilers for heating.
2. Lemon acid. This type of acidic substance greatly simplifies the cleaning of the boiler, as it can be added directly to the reagent that circulates in process water.
3. Sulfamic acid. After the circulation of this reagent in the boiler equipment, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the system and then dry it. This type of acid effectively cleans the interior surfaces of steam boilers.
4. Hydrochloric acid. The concentration of the solution of this aggressive substance directly depends on the thickness of the contaminated scale. If the thickness of the deposits is 1 mm, then, accordingly, there should be a 1% solution. In other cases, the concentration of the solution does not increase, and the boiler is flushed several times. Hydrochloric acid is optimally suited for cleaning waste heat boilers.
5. Gel. This type of substance does not belong to acidic environments, however, it dissolves oil-based pollutants quite well. The main condition for the use of a gel substance is a thorough flushing of the boiler equipment with technical fluid.

After reviewing the characteristics of chemicals for cleaning the boiler, we can conclude that all types of substances used are aggressive, so you must take precautions when working with them.

Safety regulations

When working with substances for chemical washing of boilers, it is necessary to observe a number of the following recommendations:

In this article, we have introduced you in detail to all aspects of chemical washing of boiler equipment. Taking them into account, you can easily cope with the dry cleaning of boilers of any modification.

Watch the video in which experts demonstrate competent chemical washing of the boiler:

There are two types of descaling from the boiler heat exchanger - cleaning of corrosive deposits from the system and the main heat exchanger of the boiler and cleaning of solid deposits.

A flushing station with a tank is connected to the heating system, in which the chemical is located, which is mixed with water of the required concentration and distributed through the heating system. The pump distributes these chemicals at high speed through the boiler heat exchanger. This dirty liquid is pumped out of the return at high speed and replaced with fresh water to ensure sufficient chemical flow. This mixture is in turn drained and replaced with new water and corrosion inhibitor. The whole process takes several hours.

Scale in the boiler heat exchanger is removed when the heat exchanger accumulates a significant thickness of calcium on its surface, and it isolates the water from the heat source, thereby reducing performance.

This effect occurs only in the heat exchanger in which there is tap water. There is a lot of content in closed systems a large number of calcium. There are always two ways out, either it is necessary to replace the old heat exchanger with a new one, or to remove scale with acid. Descaling with acid is considered a simpler and cheaper procedure.

Why is it necessary to flush the boiler heat exchanger?

Boiler flushing is an effective way to remove sediment and grime that builds up inside your heating system over time. If you notice a gradual decrease in the efficiency of the boiler, this sludge envelops the internal pipelines and reduces the circulation of the heat carrier in the heating system.

Sludge and scale are formed mainly in old boilers or when replacing an old boiler with a new one in older systems. If you have replaced the old boiler with a new one, dirt still remains in the heating system, and when starting up, all the dirt can get into the new boiler, which will reduce its efficiency and service life.

Some problems that can be avoided by flushing:

• Cold Radiators
• Problems with coolant circulation
• Pipe blockages
• Internal corrosion
• Blockage of the entire system
• Noise during boiler operation
• Double-circuit boilers cannot provide a constant hot water at a stable temperature
• Permanent failure circulation pump
• A sharp increase in the pressure of the heating system
• Leaks in connections and heating radiators
• The heating system in the house is slowly heating up

As a result of washing the boiler, you will receive:

• Fuel economy when heating the boiler up to 25%
• Extended boiler and pump life
• Full heat transfer from heating radiators
• High efficiency heating system that will reduce gas costs
• Cleaning the boiler heat exchanger will remove unpleasant noises and extend the life of the boiler
• When cleaning the system from contaminated water, it will help to avoid internal corrosion of the heating system

What causes scale to form on the boiler heat exchanger

The heating system includes a boiler, radiators, and connecting pipes. This system is filled with water, which is heated in a boiler and circulated by means of a pump through the radiators. Water carries dissolved oxygen, which reacts with metal in radiators and pipes as metal oxide. This water may also high level calcium and other minerals that come from the plumbing. Over time, the levels of these impurities can increase and cause problems for the entire heating system. These contaminants can form deposits inside radiators, which can reduce or shut off flow. hot water to these radiators. These impurities can form a layer on the inside of boiler heat exchangers and reduce the efficiency of such boilers. If this is not stopped and the heat exchanger is not flushed, the layer will grow and the boiler will begin to make noise when it is working.

Contact our office and we will flush the boiler heat exchanger at affordable prices.

The price of flushing the boiler heat exchanger

Over the past few years, sales of boiler equipment have increased by several points, in particular, the demand for equipment for cottages has increased. Boilers are equipment for heating private houses and for producing steam in industry. Purchasing power for such goods falls in the warm season - in spring and summer. This is due to the fact that by the onset of cold weather, many residents want to already have a fully functioning boiler equipment. AT cold winter such a plant is in active use, and in order to prolong its operational capacity, regular maintenance should be carried out. cleaning of heat exchangers. To choose the right method correctly, you need to be guided by several indicators: the quality of the water used and the type of boiler equipment. The best thing boiler flushing will be implemented with an integrated approach.

Mechanical cleaning of boilers

mechanical cleaning heat exchangers is a process of washing equipment with water, which is supplied under high pressure. In order to carry out this event, it is necessary to disassemble the boiler into parts and rinse each one well. This method allows you to get rid of even severe corrosion and scale. Mechanical cleaning of boilers - not a very common method, although quite simple and effective. Main advantages:

1. High environmental friendliness of the method.
2. No need for chemicals.
3. No additional flushing of chemicals is required.

But we should not forget that this method requires additional time and effort for its implementation. To clean, you need to invite a specialist who has experience with such a unit. The professionalism of the worker will allow you to quickly and efficiently disassemble and assemble heating equipment.

Chemical cleaning of boilers

Chemical flushing of heat exchangers happens with the help special means- reagents. For this method, you need to invite a professional who has experience in handling chemicals. He will make a solution with the required concentration, which will cope with his task. After that, the boiler is rinsed with plain water. If necessary, the process can be repeated several times. The amount will depend on the complexity of scale on the walls of the heat exchanger. Chemical washing of boilers has the following advantages:

1. Work takes place without dismantling the equipment.
2. Chemical acids qualitatively relieve plaque.
3. You do not need to apply significant physical exertion for this method.

However, this method may not always be effective. It is not suitable for removing corrosion. For more serious sediments and deposits, chemical and physical cleaning of the boilers should be used together.

Repair of boiler equipment

At long-term operation any device or a separate part of it can fail. This needs to be repaired. The qualification of specialists will allow you to repair breakdowns of any complexity in boilers of different manufacturers. Even models of modern brands. The presence of special tools and apparatuses make it possible for quick and high-quality diagnostics of boiler equipment. No need to postpone the repair of heat exchangers for later. The sooner the repair process begins, the less time and money will be spent on it. Our company guarantees the quality of work and repairs in a short period of time.

• To achieve the optimal result of boiler cleaning, complex hydrochemical and hydrodynamic, hydropower and hydroabrasive cleaning technologies are used, which are currently the most effective.
• During the work, high-quality powerful equipment is used, including hydrodynamic machines with a pressure of up to 1500 bar, installations for cleaning the internal surfaces of pipes using soft abrasive materials, hydraulic impulse equipment for cleaning pipes with diameters from 10 to 100 mm, as well as pumping stations capacity up to 200m3/h to ensure the circulation of reagents.
• The company has implemented a quality management system ISO 9001-2008, which guarantees the accuracy of all business processes.
• The company has implemented the environmental management system ISO 14001:2004.
• The company has implemented the occupational safety and health management system OHAS 18001:2007
• For the most effective cleaning by the hydrochemical method, reagents and corrosion inhibitors are used, which have the highest efficiency.
• The company is a design organization and has a SRO permit for the design of work that affects the safety of capital construction facilities; for each type of work, a project for the production of work or technological regulations is developed.
• Professional specialists have all the necessary certificates and carry out work strictly according to technological maps.
• The VekFort company is responsible for the structural materials of boiler equipment and excludes their damage.
• The company employs qualified inspectors whose duty is to conduct internal control of the work performed before handing it over to the customer.

The hydrochemical method of cleaning is the process of cleaning the internal surfaces of thermal and heat exchange equipment and systems from scale-corrosion deposits by circulating working solutions of special technical detergents, mineral or organic acids with special additives along the circuit. The flushing process dissolves and removes deposits without damaging the main structural material. The technology is used for cleaning heating systems, non-separable boilers and heat exchangers.

Hydro-chemical flushing is very effective in removing deposits in thermal and heat exchange systems, including pipelines, as it completely dissolves and removes all deposits from the system. Deposits, as a rule, are multicomponent solid layers, which consist of iron oxides and carbonates, phosphates, sulfates, calcium oxide, magnesium, they create a large thermal resistance heat flow, which leads to a decrease in the temperature of the coolant and a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the heating system.

Hydrochemical cleaning of the internal surfaces of hot water boilers must be carried out on a regular basis, since the formation of scale-corrosive deposits on the internal surfaces of the water path of the boiler during its operation leads to a significant decrease in its operating efficiency and the entire associated system. This leads to a decrease and destabilization of the heat exchange of the system, equipment failures, damage to pipelines and increased fuel consumption.

Periodic hydrochemical cleaning of hot water boilers avoids all negative consequences associated with the formation of solid scale-corrosive deposits!

The amount of deposits on the internal surfaces of the boiler must be determined after each heating season based on the methodology for determining the density and composition of deposits given in RD 153-34.1-37.306-2001.

We carry out works on cleaning water boilers from scale-corrosion deposits in the following order:

1. Inspection of the state of the hot water boiler.

The inspection of the state of the boiler is carried out jointly with representatives of the operation service. Before starting work, it is necessary to cut a pipe sample, preferably a section of the outer coil of the convective part, as the most determining resistance, in order to determine the degree of clogging with deposits. The survey can be carried out both visually and laboratory, by analyzing the full composition of the sediments. The method of laboratory examination is carried out in specialized laboratories.

2. Washing the internal surfaces of the boiler with network water.

3. Installation of the cleaning circuit.

The boiler is turned off and fittings are inserted to connect the equipment and create a flushing circulation circuit.
For organization technological process chemical cleaning of hot water boilers, a chemical cleaning scheme is mounted.

The scheme should allow organizing all technological operations necessary for chemical cleaning, namely:

• preparation of a cleaning solution;
• filling the boiler with cleaning solution;
• removal from the washing circuit of air and gases formed during the dissolution of deposits;
• circulation of washing and neutralizing solutions;
• neutralization and removal of the wash solution;
• intensive water washing of all internal surfaces of boilers.

The chemical treatment scheme may include the following equipment:

• tanks for the preparation and neutralization of the washing solution, are the capacity necessary for the stable operation of the circulation circuit;
• circulation pumps necessary for filling the boiler, displacing the flushing solution, creating circulation in the flushing circuit;
• chemical barrel pump - for supplying detergent or neutralizing reagents to the tank when preparing or neutralizing the cleaning solution.
• connecting hoses, quick-fixing and flange connections, fittings and fittings - for organizing a circulation flushing circuit, filling and emptying the boiler.
• In Figure 1, as an example, a schematic process flow diagram of the chemical cleaning of a hot water boiler DKVR-10/13 is presented.

4. Alkalinization of the boiler.

Alkalinization is used to remove oily, silicic and other contaminants from the internal surfaces of the boiler, as well as some of the loose rust and scale formed during the manufacture, storage and installation of equipment. Cleaning of the internal surfaces of the boiler from loose rust, oils and other contaminants is carried out by treating the boiler with a 0.5-0.8% solution of sodium hydroxide with the addition of a 0.3-0.5% solution of trisodium phosphate (alkali) with precautions .

As a result of alkalinization, i.e. treatment of the inner surface of the boiler with an alkaline-phosphate solution, occurs:
a) weakening the adhesion of the layer of rust and scale with the metal due to the penetration of the alkali solution into the cracks, its evaporation and partial dissolution of iron oxides with the formation of sodium ferrites;
b) saponification or emulsification of oily contaminants;
c) partial dissolution of silicic impurities with the formation of sodium silicates.

5. Flushing the boiler with technical water.

6. Preparation of the working solution of the reagent and start of the circulation circuit.

Based on the nature of the deposits, the choice and concentration of the reagent is carried out. In the form of reagents, modern highly effective technical detergents based on surfactants, a complex of acids and corrosion inhibitors or hydrochloric acid are used with the introduction of the necessary corrosion inhibitors to protect structural materials.

Technology hydrochemical washing is to ensure the circulation of the washing solution of technical detergent through closed loop, at a given temperature. During the circulation of the washing solution, a gradual dissolution and removal of layers of accumulated deposits occurs. As the cleaning solution moves through the system, its cleaning power decreases, which is accompanied by an increase in the pH level, this indicates that the solution is reacting with deposits. During washing, the solution is adjusted. The washing solution must be circulated until the pH level does not change, this indicates that the maximum amount of deposits has been removed.

In the process of circulation of the working solution of the washing reagent, it is necessary to carry out chemical control of the cleaning ability of the reagent. Chemical control should be carried out every ½ hour - measurement of the pH of the solution. In the case of an increase in pH to 6, adjust the working solution by adding 10% of the initial concentration. The control is carried out with a ph-meter or a litmus indicator.

7. Flushing the boiler with technical water.

After washing with a detergent, the boiler is washed with technical water, and then the internal surfaces of the boiler are passivated.

8. Passivation of internal surfaces of the boiler.

After completion of hydrochemical cleaning, rinse the circuit with a 0.1-0.2% solution of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) in order to neutralize and passivate the inner surface of the pipes, then rinse with industrial water to a pH level at the outlet of 6-7. The remains of the unused solution, having a pH level below 6, are neutralized with caustic soda to a pH level of 6-7, then drained into the sewer.

9. Final flushing of the circuit with network water.

During the hydrochemical cleaning of the boiler, the following indicators are monitored:

• detergent consumption;
• water consumption during water washings;
• medium pressure on the pressure and suction pipelines of the pumps, on the discharge pipeline from the boiler;
• liquid level in the tank;
• temperature of the working solution of the washing reagent;
• no accumulation of gas in the boiler circuit.

Our work experience

Over the past years, we have accumulated extensive experience in the field of hydrochemical cleaning of thermal and heat exchange equipment.

Here are some examples of our work and our clients:

• OAO Mosenergo: participation in the development and implementation of the technology for cleaning boilers PTVM-100 in Zelenograd (article in the Energy Saving magazine, 2000)
• LLC "Severgazprom" - technical diagnostics of waste heat exchangers and chemical water treatment systems at industrial sites KS-13 Urdoma and KS-16 Yubileyny. In 2000-2006, at Severgazprom LLC, we carried out work on chemical cleaning more than 500 waste heat boilers of gas compressor units at 7 compressor stations located in the Komi Republic and the Arkhangelsk region. In addition, 4 water-heating boilers ABA-4, heat exchangers of 2 central heating stations and heating systems of houses in 2 workers' settlements were cleaned
• JSC "AvtoVAZ" - development of technology and performance of works for the chemical cleaning of dryers compressed air OSV-250 manufactured by OOO NPP ENSI.
• MUP "PEUg.Skhodnya" - complex cleaning of 50 shell-and-tube heat exchangers, 10 hot water boilers, commissioning of "Complexon1" systems
• Sports complex of the Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology - complex cleaning of heat exchangers of air heating systems, heating point, cleaning of pool water preparation units
• NPO ENERGOMASH — cleaning of compressor cooling jackets, test bench heat exchangers and annealing furnaces, hot water heat exchangers workshop 429 in the amount of 140 pcs.
• Moscow Railway - development of technology for in-place cleaning of the cooling system of diesel locomotives together with MIIZhT. (Article in the journal Lokomotiv, 2001)
• Cleaning of heat exchangers (Alfa Laval, Frolling, Cetheterm, APV, SWEP) for hot water supply and heating and air conditioning, installed in the ITP: Srednerussky Bank of Sberbank of Russia, Financial and Economic Department of the Complex of Perspective Development of the City of Moscow, Bank Credit Swiss First Boston, Svyato-Troitskaya Sergieva Lavra, "New Compound" - English Club, "Don-Stroy", "Atomstroyexport", "DEZ of the Kryukovo District", Central Telegraph, Mostransgaz.

In 2008-2009, we performed cleaning works: 1 Garioni Naval GPT 6000 steam boiler, 2 TVG-4r boilers, 2 KVG 4/115 boilers, 1 KV-GM-35-150 boiler, 1 Ferolli PREX 1250 boiler, 2 boilers PTVM-30, 3 boilers "Turboterm-2000", 12 heat exchangers Alfa laval - Customers - meat processing plant "Partner and K", MUP "Istra Teploset", LLC "Heat networks of Balashikha", CJSC "RIDAN", Srednerussky bank of Sberbank of Russia, Svyato Trinity Sergius Lavra. An agreement was concluded with the concern "Kurinoe Tsarstvo" (Lipetsk) for the permanent maintenance of boiler houses and ITP for this type of work.

Every cleaning project is different! If you are interested in our services, call us! Experts will advise you on all issues of their competence, help you choose optimal forms cooperation, will calculate the cost of work, will assist in solving existing problems.