Types of gas boilers and their differences. Natural and liquefied gas: description and how they differ

Gas / Gas tariffs

Gas is pipeline, and it happens in cylinders or gas tanks. The former is cheaper, but expensive to run. The second one is much easier to buy, but it costs more high price. What are the differences between these two types of fuel and how is the price formed? We publish explanations of the Regional Energy Commission of the Omsk Region on this issue.

What is the difference between LPG and natural gas?

Natural gas is a mineral, it is a mixture of different gases. natural origin. Most of it is methane. Natural gas is odorless, so odorants - unpleasant smelling substances - are necessarily introduced into it in order to quickly detect a leak. The specific heat of combustion of such a mixture is from 7,600 to 8,500 kcal, the exact figure depends on the composition natural gas.

Natural gas is extracted from the bowels of the earth, pumped into special gas storage facilities and gas pipes deliver to consumers.

Liquefied petroleum gas is a product of the processing of associated petroleum gas and gases from oil refineries, which are hydrocarbons.

In the production of liquefied gas, a liquefied propane-butane mixture is used. In this state, the density of the gas increases hundreds of times, which increases the efficiency and convenience of transporting, storing and consuming the mixture. Liquefied gas is filled into special cylinders or pumped into gas tanks. The specific heat capacity of such a mixture is slightly higher and averages 9,500 kcal.

In accordance with the legislation, LPG is allocated for domestic consumption and industrial purposes and LPG for road transport. Odorants are also added to LPG.

According to its characteristics, LPG for household needs and for refueling cars is different, in this regard, the use of LPG for domestic consumption as a fuel for cars is not recommended.

The difference between natural and liquefied gas according to the methods of implementation

There are different ways of selling natural gas and LPG: natural gas is supplied to consumers via a pipeline, LPG for the population is supplied to consumers by car in containers of various sizes, including in individual cylinders, or tanks for injection into group tank units (GRU), which are located in close proximity to the houses of the settlement.

Concerning liquefied gas cannot be universally replaced by natural, since this requires the construction of an extensive network of pipelines.

LPG cylinders for domestic needs of the population are filled at gas filling stations or gas filling stations.

LPG cylinders for cars are filled at car gas filling stations. Sales of liquefied gas car filling stations not subject to state tariff regulation.

Who sets the prices for natural and liquefied gas?

The prices of both natural and liquefied gas for household needs are subject to state regulation, however, there are also specifics here.

In the case of natural gas, the FAS Russia first establishes the wholesale price for gas, tariffs for gas transportation services and fees for the supply and marketing services of the gas supplier.

Then, on the basis of these components, the REC of the Omsk region forms and approves the retail price for natural gas for the population.

Prices for liquefied gas sold to the population for household needs are set at the level of subjects and consist mainly of regional components. Federal component - Wholesale price for liquefied gas (set FAS Russia).

Price structure for liquefied and natural gas, which causes differences in tariffs.

Differences in the technology of supplying liquefied and natural gas to consumers largely determine the difference in the structure of prices for natural and liquefied gas sold to the population for domestic needs.

The itemized structure of the retail price for natural gas in the Omsk region is as follows:

- 80.01% - purchase of gas;

— 16.63% - gas transportation through gas distribution networks;

- 3.36% - the cost of supply and marketing services.

Retail prices for natural gas are approved by the REC of the Omsk region in summer period, since only by this time all the components for these prices appear.

The line-item structure of the retail price for liquefied gas resembles the structure of other tariffs for public utilities, which are set at the level of subjects of the federation. So, in the city of Omsk, the structure of the retail price for liquefied gas is as follows:

- 35.13% - purchase of gas;

— 26,09% - wage;

- 3.2% - depreciation;

— 35.58% - other expenses, including labor protection of personnel, services for diagnostics, examination, certification gas equipment, motor transport services, gas transportation services, maintenance of gas filling stations.

The retail price for liquefied gas for the next year is set in December of the current year.

The cost of natural and liquefied gas

Natural gas is much cheaper due to the fact that it is a finished product that needs only to be delivered to the consumer.

The cost of natural gas also differs according to the directions of use. If gas is used both for cooking, and for heating, and for heating water for hot water supply, then the cost of a cubic meter will be much cheaper than, for example, for food preparation without being used for other purposes.

The specifics of the production and delivery of liquefied gas for domestic needs determines its higher price. Liquefied gas also has its uses, which differ in cost: gas can be supplied through gas distribution devices (gas holders) (mainly for apartment buildings) or in cylinders (mainly for private homes) with delivery directly to the consumer or with delivery to intermediate storage locations. It is cheaper to pick up a gas cylinder from an intermediate storage location than to deliver it to the consumer's door.

With equipment called AGV, to one degree or another, all people who have come across individual heating systems in Soviet times. Despite the collective image assigned to this abbreviation, AGV has a very clear decoding, which sounds like a “gas water heater”.

To date, devices such as AGV are produced by many foreign manufacturers, and the quality of such products is very high level. The most popular are the AGV-120 and AGV-80 models. This article will consider the main characteristics of AGV and their features.

general description

AGV gas boilers have always been characterized by rather low efficiency, but this is not so important if gas is the cheapest fuel. In old models of autonomous water heaters, very unreliable automation was installed, which could completely fail in a few years. Of course, it could always be turned off, and this did not affect the boiler's performance in any way - but positive emotions could not arise because of this.

When choosing an AGV for a private house, it is necessary to correctly select the number and size of the main pipes. Their minimum diameter is two inches. If the diameter of the pipes is smaller, then, firstly, their bandwidth will not be enough, and secondly, air congestion and water turbulence will form in the line, interfering with the normal circulation of the liquid.

The use of wide pipes, in turn, leads to a significant increase in the amount of coolant in the circuit. Large volume of liquid - more energy spent on heating. This feature must be taken into account when designing a heating system powered by AGW.

There are several modifications standard models AGV. So, on the market you can find devices like AOGV - in fact, all the same AGV with a similar set of negative qualities. About how the boiler differs from AOGV, we will discuss a little lower. In addition, there is a modification of the AOKGV, which also does not have significant differences from the above devices.

Advantages and disadvantages of AGV

Scroll positive qualities AGW looks like this:

1. Independence from electricity. This quality often turns out to be fundamental when choosing an AGW. The operation of the equipment in question does not require electricity at all, so it will fit perfectly in situations where there are problems with electricity, or if there is a desire to save on it.
2. Cheapness. In comparison with any foreign analogues, AGVs win in everything related to the cost of equipment. This advantage remains such even taking into account the extremely low efficiency of autonomous gas water heaters.
3. Profitability. AGV is considered to be one of the most economical types of gas heating equipment.

The disadvantages of AGV are reduced to the following list:

1. Big sizes. To install an AGV, about 1 m 3 of space is required - and this is quite a lot. Often, a separate room is allocated for the installation of such equipment.
2. Appearance. AGV from a visual point of view is a purely utilitarian thing, in which there is not the slightest aesthetic value. In addition to the unpresentable appearance of the heater itself, the heating system is necessarily supplemented by large pipes and radiators, so you have to be smart to create a good interior.

The principle of operation of the AGV

The main structural element of the AGV is a container in which the coolant is heated. During gas combustion, a heat exchanger is heated, made in the form of a pipe and installed inside the AGV body. The heat from the heated pipe is transferred to the coolant, which is then sent to the heating circuit.

Gas combustion products are discharged through a chimney built into the boiler structure. All automation is a valve that opens gas burner. Thanks to the operation of the valve in the tank, the required temperature is constantly maintained.

AT boilers AOGV there is also an automation unit that turns off the device in case of a number of problems:

• traction disorder;
• Significant reduction in gas supply pressure;
• Cessation of burning of the igniter.

Immediately after the AGV, the following elements of the heating system are installed in series:

• Expansion tank;
• Heating appliances located in each room requiring heating;
• The main pipeline, which ensures the distribution of the heated coolant;
• Top wiring pipes;
• Return pipe.

To know how the AOGV gas boiler works, you need to imagine the physical laws that arise in heating system during his work. The heated coolant has a lower density, which allows it to rise higher on its own cold liquid. The coolant enters main pipeline, spread over heating appliances, gives them heat, and returns to repeat the heating cycle.

In AOGV boilers, the liquid moves by gravity, without any additional effort. If during the heating process the coolant expands too much, then its excess merges into expansion tank. This element is installed on the highest section of the heating circuit. When the temperature in the circuit drops, the coolant returns to the OGV gas boiler.

To increase the efficiency of the system and make it more stable, you can supplement the AGV circulation pump, which forces the coolant to move forcibly and provides more uniform heating of all sections of the circuit. At the same time, it must be remembered that electricity is required to operate the pump - and the main advantage of AGV is precisely independence from electricity.

AGV modifications

Given the variety of modifications of gas water heaters on the market, it is worth understanding how AOGV differs from gas boiler. Looking ahead a little, there is no fundamental difference between the devices, all the differences are in small nuances.

Speaking in detail, everything that distinguishes AOGV from a boiler comes down to the following points:

• Glass thermometers have been replaced with modern Italian components;
• Honeywell products began to be used as automation elements;
• The design is supplemented with a piezo ignition device;
• The last difference between AOGV and a boiler is appearance modern modifications was slightly improved, for which a better coating was used.

AGV of foreign production

Overseas autonomous gas water heaters differ from domestic analogues by higher cost, increased efficiency and dependence on electricity. The most popular are AGV brands BAXI, FERROLI, which are distinguished by good visual qualities and the possibility of fine tuning, as well as RINNAI and ANIERIA, which have ease of operation and reliability in their arsenal of advantages.

However, despite all the advantages of foreign units, domestic ones still have a significant advantage - complete energy independence. In addition, AGVs produced in the domestic space are much cheaper on their own, and from the point of view of efficiency, they are better.

Operation features

During the installation, operation and use of the AGV boiler, the following nuances arise:

• When the device is started, a characteristic pop occurs (in the most modern devices it is practically silent).
• It is necessary to install the AGV chimney at a certain distance from windows and doors;
• Under the chimney, you need to equip the garbage collector, which must be cleaned every time the boiler is installed;
• Only employees can install and put the boiler into operation gas service;
• When installing the device, the requirements described in the documentation attached to it must be observed.

Conclusion

AGV gas boilers are still relevant, despite the fact that they were developed a very long time ago. It's all about in large numbers advantages, the main among which is complete independence from electricity - for the domestic space, this quality is still very important.

The most common type of boiler in modern apartments and private houses is gas. These heaters operate on both natural and liquefied gas. They are valued for their simplicity and unpretentiousness of operation, efficiency, productivity, reliability and level of automation.

Floor standing gas boiler

Compare gas boilers outrageously difficult. In each case, you need your own model suitable for specific operating conditions and tasks to be solved. A correct assessment of personal needs and wallet capabilities helps to choose a gas boiler from a huge variety of types and versions.

Criteria for choosing a gas boiler

Gas heaters vary in cost, quality and performance. To evaluate which boiler is best for you, choose a unit based on the following criteria:

• Place of installation. Coppers are issued floor or wall.
• The number of contours. This factor depends on whether the boiler will be used for domestic hot water.
• Boiler type. Convection or condensation models are sold. The latter are more expensive, but also more efficient.
• Type of draft and coolant circulation.
• Dependence on electricity.
• Type of thermostat and ignition method.
• The number of degrees of power control. The more of them, the easier and more accurately the gas flow is adjusted.
• Manufacturing material and cost. Give preference to models from heat-resistant and stainless materials. Saving on the boiler is not worth it, although the brand's popularity greatly affects the price.

Assessing the requirements for the boiler, taking into account personal preferences, take a sober approach to the choice and installation possibilities of a particular heating system.

Here, the choice of power is important, taking into account the need to install ventilation, and in some cases, the allocation of a separate room.

Site Comparison

The popularity of wall-mounted heating boilers is due to their compactness. The efficiency of floor and wall units is the same. The differences lie in power. For wall-mounted heating boilers, it does not exceed 35 kW.

wall boiler

The dimensions and weight of the floor-mounted ones are much larger than the wall-mounted ones, and the power reaches 60 kW. They are used for heating large areas. Therefore, they are suitable for a private house, and wall-mounted - for apartments. Under the floor gas heating boilers, it is required to allocate a special room, but it is not always there.

Unlike wall-mounted, floor-standing heating boilers do not have a pump in the design. For hot water supply, they are equipped with additional boilers.

The main difference between the heaters lies in the material from which the heat exchanger is made.

In wall-mounted ones it is copper or steel, and in floor-mounted ones it is more often steel, but it can also be cast-iron, which is much better in terms of long service life. According to statistics, a steel heat exchanger lasts up to 15, copper up to 20, and cast iron up to 25 years. True, the efficiency of cast iron is lower - no more than 80%. Whereas the efficiency of steel is 90%, and that of copper is over 91%.

For wall-mounted heat exchangers, copper is considered the best heat exchanger because it heats up quickly, is easy to install, and is less prone to corrosion.

Comparison of gas boilers by the number of circuits

Comparison of wall and floor gas heating boilers by the number of circuits is correct, depending on whether a supply organization is needed hot water. Single-circuit and double-circuit heaters are equally good in terms of efficiency, reliability and functionality. But the former are used exclusively for heating, while the latter also heat water for hot water supply.

Double-circuit heater with built-in boiler

A double-circuit heater with a built-in boiler is suitable for buildings with a large area, that is, private houses. This is a floor boiler. For an apartment, choose a unit with a flow heat exchanger (wall-mounted). Boiler connected to it. indirect heating and solve the DHW issue in this way.

Comparison of boilers by type of energy use

Differences in gas boilers according to the type of use of generated energy, both wall-mounted and floor-standing, have led to the emergence of two classes gas units heating:

• Convection. These are traditional heaters in which thermal energy not fully used. Differ in simplicity of a design, installation and service, low cost.
• Condensing or condensing. This type appeared relatively recently, but shows extremely high efficiency which goes up to 110%. This performance is achieved by using the heat of the exiting smoke. The air entering through the coaxial duct is heated by the exhaust gases leaving it. Heat exchangers in such boilers are made of aluminum alloy or of stainless steel, which are considered better because they are not afraid of aggressive compounds.

In terms of performance, economy and innovation, the choice should be made in favor of gas-fired condensing-type heating boilers. But take into account the high cost of such devices.

The question is how much fuel will be used. If in large volumes, then the purchase of a condenser heater is justified.

Condensing gas heater

Comparison by type of traction

Differences in gas heating boilers are also available in the type of thrust. It can be natural or forced.

When is the combustion chamber used? open type, i.e atmospheric burner, the combustion air comes directly from the room. In this case, the products of combustion - gases - exit naturally due to the difference in temperature and pressure.

Such a unit requires a separate room with ventilation. If the heater has a forced draft burner and closed chamber combustion, then the air enters it directly from the street (from outside the room). Exhaust gases leave the room through air ducts with a built-in fan. The latter option is recommended for use in apartments. The best chimney is a coaxial type.

They say that atmospheric units are more durable and quieter. This is true, but they burn the oxygen needed for breathing. Therefore, a forced draft boiler creates comfortable living conditions in the apartment.

A pressurized burner is not as sensitive to pressure drops in the gas line.

The dependence of gas boilers on electricity

Differences between wall and floor gas heating boilers are also dependent on electricity. There are two categories of aggregates:

• Volatile. These heaters require constant power from the mains. This is their biggest drawback. More automation, convenience and ease of use. In urban areas - this is ideal.
• Non-volatile. These heaters do not require an electrical connection. Suitable for countryside because they do not depend on the power supply.

Non-volatile heater

Used in gravitational heating systems. The disadvantage is unstable and too slow start.

Comparison by type of ignition

There are varieties of gas boilers with electric and piezo ignition. In the first case, ignition is carried out using an electric fuse automatically. Such boilers are volatile. They are more economical, since the start is carried out simultaneously with the turn of the feed valve. hot water for the opening.

Starting the heater with piezo ignition is carried out manually by pressing the button. The wick burns after the first start, which leads to the appearance of unpleasant odors.

Comfort priority!

The differences between gas units do not end there. The rapid development of electronics predetermined the creation of almost completely autonomous gas heating boilers with effective systems management.

The introduction of programmable thermostats made it possible to implement the functions of programming operating modes and changing set temperatures for several days in advance. Automation has become the key to the economical operation of boilers and the comfort of residents.

Heaters with ionization combustion control devices showed themselves perfectly. They instantly block the gas line in case of attenuation of the wick or automatic burner. And this is, first of all, safety.

If you purchase a volatile unit, then choose with built-in electronics, LCD display, remote control and additional features protection.

The power of gas heating boilers is regulated.

Gas boiler control

How this is implemented is another difference between gas heating boilers. Regulator types:

• single stage;
• two stage;
• With smooth adjustment.

The best of gas heating boilers are models with smooth adjustment, which makes it possible to more accurately adjust the parameter depending on the air temperature. This increases the efficiency of gas boilers and increases the comfort of living.

There are boilers that are controlled via the Internet from a smartphone, thanks to using GSM module. This is convenient - you can adjust the temperature in the apartment without getting up from the sofa and even being outside the home at a great distance.

The conclusion is simple - the more automation, functions, the better. Of course, choose the unit and based on the personal wishes of functionality, so as not to overpay.

The video shows the features of choosing a gas boiler:

Manufacturer comparison

To date the best manufacturers gas heating boilers are based in Germany, Italy and South Korea. These are Bosh, Viessmann, Beretta and Baxi.

By and large, they are the same, except for the price.

Bosh models have a built-in self-diagnosis and automatic tuning system. Boilers operate on natural and liquefied gas. Heat exchangers are made of copper coated with an oxide film to protect against corrosion.

Viessmann boilers have an advanced smoke exhaust system. Ice never forms on the chimney. The efficiency of these devices reaches 93%.

Same high performance and other properties, including domestic ones, also have properties. Distinctive features of our gas heating boilers - a simple device, independence from electricity, affordable price and a well-developed service network.

In contact with

Boiler - a type of water heater that works on the principle of heating stored water. The boiler consists of a tank in which water is stored and heated, as well as a pump and a heating device. Boilers work according to following algorithm: the tank is filled with a pump cold water, then the heating device automatically starts and the heating process starts. The heating temperature is set manually by the user. When the temperature of the water in the tank reaches the set value, the boiler will automatically stop working.

The warm water in the tank begins to cool over time if it is not used. In this case, the boiler automatically starts and maintains the set temperature. Therefore, it is important to remember that in order to maintain the set water temperature, the boiler is constantly running, consuming electricity or gas.

Some users turn off the appliance after use to save money. However, this is not very effective technique, since for heating cold water it takes at least an hour. The boiler begins to consume energy intensively, and sometimes the consumption is greater than during continuous work device.

At storage boiler there is a significant advantage: you can set any water temperature, regardless of the power of the jet. What can not be said about flow boilers. Also, any wiring can withstand the operation of a storage boiler.

Features of choosing an electric and gas boiler

Boilers can use different sources energy. Based on this, they can be classified into:

• gas;
• electrical;
• solid fuel;
• working on the principle of indirect heating.

Today, solid fuel boilers are practically not used, since modern apartments not designed to support their work.

The most common types are gas and electric. They have their own functional characteristics.

1. Electric boilers operate from a simple electrical network. They have low power - up to 3 kW and do not require connection to an enhanced power line.
2. Gas water heaters have a fairly high power - 4 - 6 kW, so their operation will require twice as much energy consumed. However, the heating of water in time occurs several times faster.
3. Gas water heaters are considered more economical option because it takes a little time to heat up the water. In addition, electricity is more expensive than gas.
4. Installing a gas boiler is a complex and expensive process. In this plan electric water heaters win.
5. For mounting gas boilers chimney required. The type of combustion chamber used (closed or open type) determines how difficult the installation of the boiler will be.

Mounting a device with an open combustion chamber is a complex and expensive process.

Boilers with a closed combustion chamber are very easy to install, but the device itself can cost several times more.

The inner coating of the tank must have strong anti-corrosion properties, therefore, it is most often used for stainless steel, titanium coating or a special glass-porcelain material.

The material used to cover the inside of the tank also affects the price. storage water heater. The more stable the protective walls of the device, the more expensive it is.

The main task of the internal coating of the water heater is to prevent corrosion and destructive processes. The service life of the device directly depends on this.

Today, glass porcelain is considered the most common material for interior coating. This material is highly resistant to corrosion processes. But with sudden changes in temperature, small cracks can form on it.

There is one way to increase the service life of a storage water heater - the use of a gentle heating mode. But at the same time, microorganisms can begin to multiply inside the tank, and in order to prevent this, from time to time it will be necessary to heat the water to a high temperature.

Boilers coated with stainless steel or coated with titanium are considered the most stable. These devices can last more than 8 years. Among the disadvantages of such boilers, rust begins to appear in the places of welding over time.

And this means we need to tighten the already tightened belts. This can be done by switching to gas, installing gas equipment, or simply HBO. But not all settings are equally useful, I would even say the "initial" generations - "1, 2, 3" - were, to put it mildly, far from ideal. Although the savings were still on the face, and many put such systems on their iron horses, and the owners of fixed-route taxis (our GAZelles) especially liked it. You know, many people ask me a question - please write (remove) an article about the evolution of HBO, how generations developed, what is new in them and how are they different? You know, the topic is really worthwhile, and today I decided to tell you about them. So read on, it's guaranteed to be interesting...

To be honest, there is no hard distinction between generations! You will not find such information anywhere that they say the first differs from the second - in this and that way. It’s just that manufacturers are starting to install certain new nodes in their systems, but now marketers are in a hurry to call it the next generation - “that it is many times better and in general we don’t understand how we used to run on gas! :)"

The truth about generations

If we exaggerate, there are only three generations or stages of HBO, they have fundamental differences, but in fairness, it is worth noting that there are so-called hybrid (intermediate) versions between them, which also represent generations, although this is not entirely correct.

All the difference between the "versions" of HBO lies in the power system. It's no secret that the car's regular power system is gasoline. When installing gas equipment, it is changed or modified to consume gas.

With the development of the engine internal combustion, , that is, the principle of supplying fuel to the cylinders is changing power unit. The substitution of one fuel for another, that is, gasoline for gas, also evolves - each such “coil” can be called a generation.

As you and I know, the fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine has only three main generations. This is carburetor injection (aka mechanical), then distributed injection, and direct fuel injection. It is to these stages that the main three changes in HBO systems are equated. Although, as I wrote above, there are also transitional versions. I will try to tell you about all types, from the very first to the last sixth.

Although once again I want to emphasize the main generations (if you can count it that way) in total - THREE! Remember this, according to the evolution of fuel injection systems in gasoline engines, the rest are just intermediate versions.

HBO first generation

If you want, then this is the starting point, this is where it all began. A "propane-butane" gas mixture is used, and "methane" gas is also not uncommon. Such systems have their own tank, or gas cylinder, is installed additionally, often in the trunk or car interior. It is it that is filled with gas, which through stop valves goes to special equipment, which is called - "evaporator".

Further, in the "evaporator" (which is connected to the cooling system), the gas passes into a state of vapor (if we take the methane system, then there is heating of methane). Next, the gas enters the gearbox, which, depending on the pressure in the intake manifold of the engine, doses the injection.

It should be noted that the first generation often used different evaporator and gearbox blocks, although later versions appeared that combined these two devices in one case.

The gearbox of the first types used a vacuum valve in its structure, which opened only when a reduced pressure (vacuum) appeared in the intake manifold - hence the first types are called "vacuum".

After that, the gas mixture must enter the manifold through a carburetor or a special mixer (which was also installed separately). Such a construction of the system is, to put it mildly, “not ideal”, the gas needs to overcome a fairly large distance - which leads to all sorts of problems. For example - a difficult start (especially when starting a cold engine, when the vacuum is weak). Such systems were even equipped with a special "choke" - which allows you to open a direct gas supply to the engine, and the gasoline mixture is completely turned off.

If we take the methane versions, then there were lowering chambers on them, in which the gas pressure was greatly underestimated, by about 15 - 3 BAR

The installation of these systems is only carburetor engines, which is why the first generation. He had many disadvantages - especially if the system depressurized over time, then at startup you could hear pops, and fires were not rare.

The second type is not much different from the first. Here we decided to modernize stop valve in the gearbox - now it is not vacuum, but electromagnetic, which really was just a breakthrough. Now you can choose the type of fuel without leaving the passenger compartment with a special button, either petrol or gas is locked - conveniently. Also a big plus is the cold “start” - the solenoid valve now lets a small amount of gas into the system before starting, which makes it easier to start a cold engine.

The critical differences lie in the fact that now it is possible to use this system on an injector engine, this is either a single injection or the first generations of a distributed injection.

HBO 3 generations

We continued to further improve the second type. An automatic correction of the gas supply to the car engine appears. If you want "ala injector". The controller read the readings of the oxygen sensor, and based on these data, regulated the amount of gas mixture supplied to the engine, using a special “stepping” motor. In turn, a temperature sensor was also located on the gearbox, it did not allow the use of HBO until the gearbox reached the desired temperature (data stored in the controller).

HBO 3rd generation, complied with EURO-2 standards, this became possible after reading the readings from the oxygen sensor.

It is installed only on the injector, all subsequent types no longer use carburetor engines.

The system is even more advanced, here we already see a real distributed injection of a gas mixture into the cylinders, this is again a breakthrough.

The gearbox here always has a constant gas pressure in the system, now it is deprived of the function of fuel injection into the intake manifold. Here gas nozzles appear (each on its own cylinder), which take pressure from the gearbox. After that, each injector has its own loop from the controller, and it is the controller that gives orders for the injection of gas fuel to one or another injector at the right time.

If we take the methane versions, then the gearbox and the tank itself are slightly changed in order to withstand high pressures - there is no more difference.

Uses only propane-butane mixture. The operation of the system is completely different here, the changes are cardinal. GAS is already used in liquid form, and not as a vapor, as in previous types. A fuel pump is placed in the cylinder, similar in performance to a gasoline counterpart, which pumps a constant pressure in the system.

To be honest, on this moment this is almost the most perfect system, let's go through the pros:

• Easy start on gas mixture, no need to heat on gasoline
• No gear
• No intervention in the engine cooling system
• Reduced gas consumption (approaching the consumption of gasoline)
• All highways use plastic tubes high pressure almost no hoses.
• Increasing gas power.

There are also disadvantages, but there are not so many of them, this is the price, expensive maintenance and installation. The system is still fairly new, produced by several manufacturers, and if there is no competition, then prices can be inflated. However, the fifth type did not have time to appear, as manufacturers are already assuring the imminent appearance of the sixth.

HBO 6th generation

It is difficult to buy it, even for consumers in Europe, where it was actually developed, this system is based on engines with a direct fuel injection system. There is no longer a distinction between gas and gasoline injectors, the system crashes into the standard fuel supply. To exaggerate, the difference is only in the tank, there is gasoline and gas - but one fuel line and one nozzle that injects fuel.

They pressed the button - there is gas, they pressed another - gasoline went (the gas stopped). Such a symbiosis greatly facilitates the system of gas-cylinder equipment. As manufacturers assure, now all the characteristics of gasoline will be transferred to gas, namely:

• Same power
• The same expense
• Best ecology
• Minimum equipment
• Ease of maintenance

True, when the sixth generation will appear in Russia it is not entirely clear, but it seems like they are already starting to produce in Europe.

It is safe to say that gas will soon become a real source alternative fuel, because driving it is half the price - then why pay more if you can't see the difference.

Now short video, look.

This concludes my article, I think this evolution was interesting to you.