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Geyser vpg 23 instruction data sheet. Apparatuses water-heating flowing household gas

In the name of columns produced in Russia, the letters VPG are often present: this is a water-heating (V) flow-through (P) gas (G) apparatus. The number after the letters VPG indicates the thermal power of the device in kilowatts (kW). For example, VPG-23 is a flow-through gas water heater with a heat output of 23 kW. Thus, the name of modern speakers does not define their design.

The VPG-23 water heater was created on the basis of the VPG-18 water heater, produced in Leningrad. In the future, VPG-23 was produced in the 90s at a number of enterprises in the USSR, and then - SIG. A number of such devices are in operation. Separate nodes, for example, the water part, are used in some models of modern Neva columns.

Main technical characteristics of HSV-23:

thermal power - 23 kW;
productivity when heated to 45 ° C - 6 l / min;
minimum water pressure - 0.5 bar:
maximum water pressure - 6 bar.

VPG-23 consists of a gas outlet, a heat exchanger, a main burner, a block valve and an electromagnetic valve (Fig. 74).

The gas outlet is used to supply combustion products to the flue pipe of the column. The heat exchanger consists of a heater and a fire chamber surrounded by a cold water coil. The height of the VPG-23 fire chamber is less than that of the KGI-56, because the VPG burner provides better mixing of gas with air, and the gas burns with a shorter flame. A significant number of HSV columns have a heat exchanger consisting of a single heater. The walls of the fire chamber in this case were made of steel sheet, there was no coil, which made it possible to save copper. The main burner is multi-nozzle, it consists of 13 sections and a manifold connected to each other by two screws. Sections are assembled into a single whole with the help of coupling bolts. There are 13 nozzles installed in the collector, each of which pours gas into its own section.

The block valve consists of gas and water parts connected by three screws (Fig. 75). The gas part of the block valve consists of a body, a valve, a valve plug, a gas valve cover. A conical insert for the gas valve plug is pressed into the body. The valve has a rubber seal on the outer diameter. A conical spring presses on top of it. The seat of the safety valve is made in the form of a brass insert pressed into the body of the gas section. The gas cock has a handle with a limiter that fixes the opening of the gas supply to the igniter. The faucet plug is pressed against the conical liner by a large spring.

The valve plug has a recess for supplying gas to the igniter. When the valve is turned from the extreme left position at an angle of 40 °, the groove coincides with the gas supply hole, and the gas begins to flow to the igniter. In order to supply gas to the main burner, the valve handle must be pressed and turned further.

The water part consists of the bottom and top covers, Venturi nozzle, diaphragm, poppet with stem, retarder, stem seal and stem clamp. Water is supplied to the water part on the left, enters the submembrane space, creating a pressure in it equal to the water pressure in the water supply system. Having created pressure under the membrane, water passes through the Venturi nozzle and rushes to the heat exchanger. The Venturi nozzle is a brass tube, in the narrowest part of which there are four through holes that open into the outer circular groove. The undercut coincides with the through holes that are in both covers of the water part. Through these holes, pressure from the narrowest part of the Venturi nozzle will be transferred to the supra-membrane space. The poppet stem is sealed with a nut that compresses the PTFE gland.

The automatic water flow works as follows. With the passage of water through the Venturi nozzle in the narrowest part, the highest speed of movement of water and, therefore, the lowest pressure. This pressure is transmitted through the through holes to the supra-membrane cavity of the water part. As a result, a pressure difference appears under and above the membrane, which bends upward and pushes the plate with the stem. The stem of the water part, resting against the stem of the gas part, lifts the valve from the seat. As a result, the gas passage to the main burner opens. When the water flow stops, the pressure under and above the membrane equalizes. The conical spring presses on the valve and presses it against the seat, the gas supply to the main burner stops.

The solenoid valve (Fig. 76) serves to turn off the gas supply when the igniter goes out.

When the solenoid valve button is pressed, its stem rests against the valve and moves it away from the seat, while compressing the spring. At the same time, the armature is pressed against the core of the electromagnet. At the same time, gas begins to flow into the gas part of the block valve. After ignition of the igniter, the flame begins to heat the thermocouple, the end of which is installed in a strictly defined position with respect to the igniter (Fig. 77).

The voltage generated during the heating of the thermocouple is supplied to the winding of the core of the electromagnet. In this case, the core holds the anchor, and with it the valve, in the open position. The time during which the thermocouple generates the necessary thermo-EMF and the electromagnetic valve begins to hold the armature is about 60 seconds. When the igniter goes out, the thermocouple cools down and stops generating voltage. The core no longer holds the anchor, under the action of the spring the valve closes. The gas supply to both the igniter and the main burner is stopped.

Draft automation cuts off the gas supply to the main burner and igniter in the event of a draft failure in the chimney; it works on the principle of “gas removal from the igniter”. Traction automation consists of a tee, which is attached to the gas part of the block valve, a tube to the draft sensor and the sensor itself.

Gas from the tee is supplied to both the igniter and the draft sensor installed under the gas outlet. The thrust sensor (Fig. 78) consists of a bimetallic plate and a fitting, reinforced with two nuts. The top nut is also a seat for a plug that shuts off the gas outlet from the fitting. A tube supplying gas from the tee is attached to the fitting with a union nut.

With normal draft, the combustion products go into the chimney without heating the bimetallic plate. The plug is tightly pressed against the seat, the gas does not come out of the sensor. If the draft in the chimney is disturbed, the combustion products heat up the bimetallic plate. It bends up and opens the gas outlet from the fitting. The gas supply to the igniter decreases sharply, the flame ceases to heat the thermocouple normally. It cools down and stops producing voltage. As a result, the solenoid valve closes.

Repair and service

The main malfunctions of the HSV-23 column include:

1. The main burner does not light up:

little water pressure;
deformation or rupture of the membrane - replace the membrane;
clogged venturi nozzle - clean the nozzle;
the stem came off the plate - replace the stem with the plate;
skew of the gas part in relation to the water part - align with three screws;
the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the tightness of the nut. If the nut is loosened more than necessary, water may leak from under the stuffing box.

2. When the water intake is stopped, the main burner does not go out:

dirt has got under the safety valve - clean the seat and valve;
weakened cone spring - replace the spring;
the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the tightness of the nut. In the presence of an igniter flame, the solenoid valve is not held in the open position:

3. Violation of the electrical circuit between the thermocouple and the electromagnet (open or short circuit). The following reasons are possible:

lack of contact between the terminals of the thermocouple and the electromagnet - clean the terminals with sandpaper;
violation of the insulation of the copper wire of the thermocouple and its short circuit with the tube - in this case, the thermocouple is replaced;
violation of the insulation of the turns of the electromagnet coil, shorting them to each other or to the core - in this case, the valve is replaced;
violation of the magnetic circuit between the armature and the core of the electromagnet coil due to oxidation, dirt, grease, etc. It is necessary to clean the surfaces with a piece of coarse cloth. Cleaning of surfaces with needle files, sandpaper, etc. is not allowed.

4. Insufficient heating of the thermocouple:

the working end of the thermocouple is smoky - remove soot from the hot junction of the thermocouple;
the igniter nozzle is clogged - clean the nozzle;
the thermocouple is incorrectly set relative to the igniter - install the thermocouple relative to the igniter so as to provide sufficient heating.

Malfunctions of the column KGI-56

Insufficient water pressure;

The hole in the submembrane space is clogged - clean it;

The stem does not move well in the stuffing box - refill the stuffing box and lubricate the stem.

2. When the water intake is stopped, the main burner does not go out:

Clogged hole in the supra-membrane space - clean;

Dirt got under the safety valve - clean;

Weakened small spring - replace;

The stem does not move well in the stuffing box - refill the stuffing box and lubricate the stem.

3. Radiator clogged with soot:

Adjust the combustion of the main burner, clean the radiator from soot.

HSV-23

The name of a modern column made in Russia almost always contains letters HSV: this is a water-heating device (V) flow-through (P) gas (G). The number after the letters VPG indicates the thermal power of the device in kilowatts (kW). For example, VPG-23 is a flow-through gas water heating apparatus with a thermal power of 23 kW. Thus, the name of modern speakers does not define their design.

Water heater VPG-23 created on the basis of the water heater VPG-18, produced in Leningrad. In the future, HSV-23 was manufactured in the 80-90s. at a number of enterprises in the USSR and then in the CIS.

HSV-23 has the following specifications:

thermal power - 23 kW;

water consumption when heated to 45°C - 6 l/min;

water pressure - 0.5-6 kgf / cm 2.

VPG-23 consists of a gas outlet, a radiator (heat exchanger), a main burner, a block valve and an electromagnetic valve (Fig. 23).

gas outlet serves to supply combustion products to the flue pipe of the column.

The heat exchanger consists from a heater and a fire chamber surrounded by a cold water coil. The size of the fire chamber VPG-23 is smaller than that of KGI-56, because the VPG burner provides better mixing of gas with air, and the gas burns with a shorter flame. A significant number of VPG columns have a radiator consisting of a single heater. The walls of the fire chamber in this case are made of steel sheet, which saves copper.

Main burner consists of 13 sections and a collector, interconnected by two screws. Sections are assembled into a single whole with the help of coupling bolts. There are 13 nozzles installed in the collector, each of which supplies gas to its section.

Rice. 23. HSV-23 column

Block crane consists from the gas and water parts, connected by three screws (Fig. 24).

gas part block valve consists of a body, a valve, a conical insert for a gas valve, a valve plug, a gas valve cover. The valve has a rubber seal on the outer diameter. A conical spring presses on top of it. The seat of the safety valve is made in the form of a brass insert pressed into the body of the gas section. The gas cock has a handle with a limiter that fixes the opening of the gas supply to the igniter. The faucet plug is held in the body by a large spring. The valve plug has a recess for supplying gas to the igniter. When the valve is turned from the extreme left position at an angle of 40 °, the groove coincides with the gas supply hole, and the gas begins to flow to the igniter. In order to supply gas to the main burner, it is necessary to press the handle of the valve and turn further.

Rice. 24. Block crane VPG-23

water part consists of bottom and top covers, venturi nozzle, diaphragm, poppet with stem, retarder, stem seal and stem clamp. Water is supplied to the water part on the left, enters the submembrane space, creating a pressure in it equal to the water pressure in the water supply system. Having created pressure under the membrane, the water passes through the Venturi nozzle and rushes to the radiator. The Venturi nozzle is a brass tube, in the narrowest part of which there are four through holes that open into the outer circular groove. The undercut coincides with the through holes that are in both covers of the water part. Through these holes, pressure from the narrowest part of the Venturi nozzle is transferred to the supra-membrane space. The poppet stem is sealed with a nut that compresses the PTFE gland.

Water flow automatic in the following way. With the passage of water through the Venturi nozzle in the narrowest part, the highest speed of movement of water and, therefore, the lowest pressure. This pressure is transmitted through the through holes to the supra-membrane cavity of the water part. As a result, a pressure difference appears under and above the membrane, which bends upward and pushes the plate with the stem. The stem of the water part, resting against the stem of the gas part, lifts the safety valve from the seat. As a result, the gas passage to the main burner opens. When the water flow stops, the pressure under and above the membrane equalizes. The conical spring presses the safety valve and presses it against the seat, the gas supply to the main burner stops.

Solenoid valve(Fig. 25) serves to turn off the gas supply when the igniter goes out.

Rice. 25. Solenoid valve VPG-23

Rice. 26. Installation of the igniter and thermocouple

The voltage generated during the heating of the thermocouple is supplied to the winding of the core of the electromagnet. The core begins to hold the anchor, and with it the valve, in the open position. Solenoid valve response time - about 60 sec. When the igniter goes out, the thermocouple cools down and stops generating voltage. The core no longer holds the anchor, under the action of the spring the valve closes. The gas supply to both the igniter and the main burner is stopped.

Traction control turns off the gas supply to the main burner and igniter in case of violation of draft in the chimney. It works on the principle of "removal of gas from the igniter".

Rice. 27. Traction sensor

The automation consists of a tee, which is attached to the gas part of the block valve, a tube to the draft sensor and the sensor itself. Gas from the tee is supplied to both the igniter and the draft sensor installed under the gas outlet. The thrust sensor (Fig. 27) consists of a bimetallic plate and a fitting, reinforced with two nuts. The top nut is also a seat for a plug that shuts off the gas outlet from the fitting. A tube supplying gas from the tee is attached to the fitting with a union nut.

With normal draft, the combustion products go into the chimney without falling on the bimetallic plate. The plug is tightly pressed against the seat, the gas does not come out of the sensor. If the draft in the chimney is disturbed, the combustion products heat up the bimetallic plate. It bends up and opens the gas outlet from the fitting. The gas supply to the igniter decreases sharply, the flame ceases to heat the thermocouple normally. It cools down and stops producing voltage. As a result, the solenoid valve closes.

Faults

1. The main burner does not light up:

Insufficient water pressure;

Deformation or rupture of the membrane - replace the membrane;

Clogged Venturi nozzle - clean;

The rod came off the plate - replace the rod with the plate;

Distortion of the gas part in relation to the water part - align with three screws;

2. When the water intake is stopped, the main burner does not go out:

Dirt got under the safety valve - clean;

Weakened cone spring - replace;

The stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the tightness of the nut.

3. In the presence of an igniter flame, the solenoid valve is not held in the open position:

a) electrical failure circuit between thermocouple and electromagnet - open or short circuit. Maybe:

Lack of contact between the thermocouple and electromagnet terminals;

Violation of the insulation of the copper wire of the thermocouple and its short circuit with the tube;

Violation of the insulation of the turns of the electromagnet coil, shorting them to each other or to the core;

Violation of the magnetic circuit between the armature and the core of the electromagnet coil due to oxidation, dirt, grease, etc. It is necessary to clean the surfaces with a piece of coarse cloth. Cleaning of surfaces with needle files, sandpaper, etc. is not allowed;

b) insufficient heating thermocouples:

The working end of the thermocouple is smoky;

The igniter nozzle is clogged;

The thermocouple is incorrectly installed relative to the igniter.

FAST column

Flowing water heaters FAST have an open combustion chamber, combustion products are removed from them due to natural draft. Columns FAST-11 CFP and FAST-11 CFE heat 11 liters of hot water per minute when the water is heated to 25°C

(∆T = 25°С), columns FAST-14 CF P and FAST-14 CF E - 14 l/min.

Flame control on FAST-11 CF P (FAST-14 CF P) produces thermocouple, on columns FAST-11 CF E (FAST-14 CF E) - ionization sensor. Speakers with an ionization sensor have an electronic control unit that needs power supply - a 1.5 V battery. The minimum water pressure at which the burner ignites is 0.2 bar (0.2 kgf / cm 2).

The scheme of the FAST CF water heater model E (i.e. with an ionization sensor) is shown in fig. 28. The column consists of the following nodes:

Gas outlet (traction diverter);

Heat exchanger;

Burner;

Control block;

Gas valve;

Water valve.

The gas outlet is made of 0.8 mm thick aluminum sheet. The diameter of the FAST-11 smoke outlet is 110 mm, FAST-14 is 125 mm (or 130 mm). A draft sensor is installed on the gas outlet 1 . The heat exchanger of the water heater is made of copper using the “Water cooling of the combustion chamber” technology. The copper tube has a wall thickness of 0.75 mm and an inner diameter of 13 mm. The burner model FAST-11 has 13 nozzles, FAST-14 has 16 nozzles. The nozzles are pressed into the manifold; when switching from natural gas to liquefied gas or vice versa, the manifold is replaced entirely. An ionization electrode is fixed on the burner 4, ignition electrode 2 and igniter 3.

Rice. 28. Scheme of the FAST CFE water heater

Electronic control unit powered by a 1.5 V battery. Ionization and ignition electrodes, a draft sensor, an on / off button 5, a microswitch are connected to it 6, as well as the main solenoid valve 7 and the igniter solenoid valve 8. Both solenoid valves enter the gas valve, which also has a diaphragm 9, main valve 10 and cone valve 11. The gas valve has a device for adjusting the gas supply to the burner (12). The user can adjust the gas supply from 40 to 100% of the possible value.

The water valve has a diaphragm with a poppet 13 and venturi tube 14. With water temperature controller 15 the consumer can change the flow of water through the water heater from the minimum (2-5 l / min) to the maximum (11 l / min or 14 l / min, respectively). The water valve has a master regulator 16 and additional regulator 17, as well as a flow regulator 18. A vacuum tube is used to provide a pressure drop across the membrane. 19.

FAST CF model E columns are automatic, after pressing the button on off" 5 further switching on and off is carried out by a hot water tap. When the water flow through the water valve is more than 2.5 l / min, the membrane with a plate 13 shifts and turns on the microswitch 6, and also opens the cone valve 11. main valve 10 before switching on, it is closed, since the pressure above and below the membrane 9 is the same. The above-membrane and sub-membrane spaces are interconnected through a normally open main solenoid valve 7. After switching on, the electronic control unit supplies sparks to the ignition electrode 2 and voltage to the igniter solenoid valve 8, which was closed. If after ignition of the igniter 3 ionization electrode 4 detects a flame, the main solenoid valve is energized 10 and it closes. Gas from under the membrane 9 goes to the fire. Pressure under the diaphragm 9 decreases, it moves and opens the main valve 10. Gas goes to the burner, it ignites. Igniter 3 goes out, the power to the igniter valve is turned off. If the burner goes out, through the ionization electrode 4 the current will stop flowing. The control unit will turn off the power to the main solenoid valve 7. It will open, the pressure under and above the membrane will equalize, the main valve 10 will close. The change in burner power is automatic and depends on the water flow. conical valve 11 due to its shape, it ensures a smooth change in the amount of gas supplied to the burner.

Water valve works in the following way. With the flow of water, the membrane with a plate 13 deviates due to changes in pressure below and above the membrane. The process occurs due to the Venturi tube 14. As water flows through the constriction of the venturi, the pressure decreases. Through a vacuum tube 19 the reduced pressure is transferred to the supra-membrane space. Main regulator 16 connected to the membrane 13. It moves depending on the water flow, as well as the position of the additional regulator 1 7. The water flow is terminated through a venturi tube and an open temperature controller 15. temperature controller 15 the consumer can change the water flow, which allows some of the water to be supplied bypassing the venturi. The more water passes through the temperature controller 15, the lower its temperature at the outlet of the water heater.

Gas supply regulation on the burner depending on the water flow is as follows. With an increase in flow, the membrane with a plate 13 is rejected. With it, the main regulator deviates 16, the water flow decreases, i.e. the water flow depends on the position of the membrane. At the same time, the position of the cone valve 11 in the gas valve also depends on the movement of the diaphragm with the plate 13.

When you turn off the hot tap water pressure on both sides of the membrane with a plate 13 levels out. Spring closes the cone valve 11.

Thrust sensor 1 set at the gas outlet. In case of violation of traction, it is heated by combustion products, the contact in it opens. As a result, the control unit is disconnected from the battery, the water heater turns off.

Review questions

1. What is the nominal pressure of LPG for domestic stoves?

2. What needs to be done to transfer the stove from one gas to another?

3. How is the slab faucet arranged?

4. How is the electric ignition of the stove burners carried out?

5. Describe the main malfunctions of the plates.

6. Explain the sequence of actions when igniting the burners of the stove.

7. What are the main nodes of the column?

8. What does dispenser safety automation control?

9. How is the gas part of KGI-56 arranged?

10. How does block crane KGI-56 work?

11. How is the water part of HSV-23 arranged?

12. Where is the venturi nozzle in HSV-23?

13. Describe the operation of the water part of HSV-23.

14. How does the HSV-23 solenoid valve work?

15. How does the VPG-23 automatic traction work?

16. For what reason can the main burner HSV-23 not light up?

17. What is the minimum water pressure to operate the FAST dispenser?

18. What is the supply voltage of the FAST speaker?

19. Describe the device of the FAST column gas valve.

20. Describe the operation of the FAST column.

Main technical characteristics of HSV-23:

thermal power - 23 kW;
productivity when heated to 45 ° C - 6 l / min;
minimum water pressure - 0.5 bar:
maximum water pressure - 6 bar.

VPG-23 consists of a gas outlet, a heat exchanger, a main burner, a block valve and an electromagnetic valve (Fig. 74).

The solenoid valve (Fig. 76) serves to turn off the gas supply when the igniter goes out.

Repair and service

The main malfunctions of the HSV-23 column include:

1. The main burner does not light up:

little water pressure;
deformation or rupture of the membrane - replace the membrane;
clogged venturi nozzle - clean the nozzle;
the stem came off the plate - replace the stem with the plate;
skew of the gas part in relation to the water part - align with three screws;
the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the tightness of the nut. If the nut is loosened more than necessary, water may leak from under the stuffing box.

2. When the water intake is stopped, the main burner does not go out:

dirt has got under the safety valve - clean the seat and valve;
weakened cone spring - replace the spring;
the stem does not move well in the stuffing box - lubricate the stem and check the tightness of the nut. In the presence of an igniter flame, the solenoid valve is not held in the open position:

3. Violation of the electrical circuit between the thermocouple and the electromagnet (open or short circuit). The following reasons are possible:

lack of contact between the terminals of the thermocouple and the electromagnet - clean the terminals with sandpaper;
violation of the insulation of the copper wire of the thermocouple and its short circuit with the tube - in this case, the thermocouple is replaced;
violation of the insulation of the turns of the electromagnet coil, shorting them to each other or to the core - in this case, the valve is replaced;
violation of the magnetic circuit between the armature and the core of the electromagnet coil due to oxidation, dirt, grease, etc. It is necessary to clean the surfaces with a piece of coarse cloth. Cleaning of surfaces with needle files, sandpaper, etc. is not allowed.

4. Insufficient heating of the thermocouple:

the working end of the thermocouple is smoky - remove soot from the hot junction of the thermocouple;
the igniter nozzle is clogged - clean the nozzle;
the thermocouple is incorrectly set relative to the igniter - install the thermocouple relative to the igniter so as to provide sufficient heating.

Voted Thanks!

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The original instructions are most often lost, and downloading the operating instructions on the Internet is Neva-3208 impossible. More modern columns Neva series 4000, 5000, Neva Lux 6000, boilers Neva Lux series 8000 - please, but there are no instructions for Neva 3208.

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DEVICE WATER HEATING FLOW GAS HOUSEHOLD

NEVA-3208 GOST 19910-94

NEVA-3208-02 GOST 19910-94

OPERATION MANUAL 3208-00.000-02 RE

Dear buyer!

When purchasing the device, check the completeness and presentation of the device, and also require the trading organization to fill out coupons for warranty repairs

Before installation and operation of the device, it is necessary to carefully read the rules and requirements set forth in this operation manual, compliance with which will ensure long-term trouble-free and safe operation of the water heater.

Improper installation and operation may result in an accident or damage the machine.

1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1.1. Apparatus flow-through gas water heating household "NEVA-3208" (NEVA-3208-02) VPG-18-223-V11-R2 GOST 19910-94, hereinafter referred to as the "apparatus", is designed to heat water used for sanitary purposes (washing dishes , washing, bathing) in apartments, cottages, country houses.

1.2. The device is designed to operate on natural gas in accordance with GOST 5542-87 with a net calorific value of 35570+/-1780 kJ/m3 (8500+/-425 kcal/m3) or liquefied gas in accordance with GOST 20448-90 with a net calorific value of 96250+/- 4810 kJ/m3 (23000+/-1150 kcal/m3).

When manufactured at the factory, the apparatus is configured for a specific type of gas, which is indicated on the label on the apparatus and in the “Certificate of Acceptance” section of this manual.

1.3. Installation, installation, owner briefing, preventive maintenance, troubleshooting and repairs are carried out by gas operating organizations or other organizations licensed for this type of activity. Section 13 must contain the mark and stamp of the organization that installed the apparatus.

1.4. Checking and cleaning the chimney, repairing and monitoring the water supply system are carried out by the owner of the device or the building management.

1.5. The owner is responsible for the safe operation of the machine and for keeping it in good condition.

2. TECHNICAL DATA

2.1. Rated heat output 23.2 kW

2.2. Rated heat output 18.0 kW

2.3. Rated heat output of the pilot burner, not more than 0.35 kW

2.4 Nominal natural gas pressure 1274 Pa (130 mm w.c.)

2.5 Nominal pressure of liquefied gas 2940 Pa (300 mm w.c.)

2.6. Nominal consumption of natural gas 2.35 cubic meters. m/hour.

2.6. Nominal consumption of liquefied gas 0.87 cubic meters. m/hour.

2.7. Efficiency not less than 80%

2.8. Supply water pressure for normal operation of the device 50 ... 600 kPa

2.9. Water consumption when heated by 40 degrees (at rated power) 6.45 l / min

2.10. The temperature of the gas combustion products is not less than 110 degrees

2.11. Vacuum in the chimney not less than 2.0 Pa (0.2 mm w.c.), not more than 30.0 Pa (3.0 mm w.c.)

2.12. Ignition of the device "NEVA-3208" piezoelectric, device "NEVA-3208-02" - with a match

2.13. Overall dimensions of the device: height 680 mm, depth 278 mm, width 390 mm

2.14. The weight of the device is not more than 20 kg

3. SCOPE OF DELIVERY

3208-00.000 Apparatus "Neva-3208", or "NEVA-3208-02" 1 pc.

3208-00.000-02 RE Operating manual 1 copy.

3208-06.300 Package 1 pc.

3208-00.001 Handle 1 pc.

Wall fixing elements 1 set

3103-00.014 Gasket 4 pcs.

3204-00.013 Sleeve 1 pc.

4. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

4.1. The room where the device is installed must be constantly ventilated.

4.2. To avoid fire, do not place or hang flammable substances or materials on or near the device.

4.3. After stopping the operation of the device, it is necessary to disconnect it from the gas supply source.

4.4. In order to prevent the device from defrosting in winter (when installed in unheated rooms), it is necessary to drain the water from it.

4.5. In order to avoid accidents and damage to the device, consumers are PROHIBITED:

a) independently install and start the device into operation;

b) allow children to use the device, as well as persons who are not familiar with this instruction manual;

c) operate the device on a gas that does not correspond to that specified in the plate on the device and the "Acceptance Certificate" of this manual;

d) close the grate or gap in the lower part of the door or wall, intended for the inflow of air necessary for the combustion of gas;

e) use the device in the absence of draft in the chimney;

e) use a faulty device;

g) independently disassemble and repair the device;

h) make changes to the design of the apparatus;

i) leave the working device unattended.

4.6. During normal operation of the apparatus and with a serviceable gas pipeline, the smell of gas should not be felt in the room.

If you smell gas in the room, you MUST:

a) immediately turn off the device;

b) close the gas valve located on the gas pipeline in front of the apparatus;

c) thoroughly ventilate the room;

d) immediately call the emergency service of the gas facilities by tel. 04.

Until the gas leak is eliminated, do not perform any work related to sparking: do not light a fire, do not turn on or off electrical appliances and electric lighting, do not smoke.

4.7. If abnormal operation of the device is detected, it is necessary to contact the gas management service and, until the malfunctions are eliminated, do not use the device.

4.8. When using a faulty device or if the above operating rules are not followed, an explosion or poisoning by gas or carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide) contained in the products of incomplete combustion of the gas may occur.

The first signs of poisoning are: heaviness in the head, strong heartbeat, tinnitus, dizziness, general weakness, then nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, impaired motor functions may appear. The victim may suddenly lose consciousness.

To provide first aid, it is necessary to: take the victim to fresh air, unfasten clothing that restricts breathing, give ammonia a sniff, cover it warmly, but do not let it fall asleep and call a doctor.

If there is no breathing, immediately take the victim to a warm room with fresh air and perform artificial respiration, without stopping it until the doctor arrives.

5. DEVICE AND OPERATION OF THE DEVICE

5.1. Device device

5.1.1. The apparatus (Fig. 1) of the wall-mounted type has a rectangular shape formed by a removable lining 7.

5.1.2. All main elements of the device are mounted on a frame. On the front side of the cladding are: handle 2 for controlling the gas valve, button 3 for turning on the solenoid valve, viewing window 8 for observing the flame of the pilot and main burners.

5.1.3. The apparatus (Fig. 2) consists of a combustion chamber 1 (which includes a frame 3, a gas exhaust device 4 and a heat exchanger 2), a water-gas burner unit 5 (consisting of a main burner 6, an ignition burner 7, a gas cock 9, a water regulator 10, a valve electromagnetic 11) and tube 8, designed to turn off the water heater in the absence of draft in the chimney.

NOTE: Due to the fact that OJSC continues to work on further improvement of the design of the device, the purchased device may not fully match the description or image in the “Operation Manual” in individual elements.

5.2. Description of the device

5.2.1. The gas through the pipe 4 (Fig. 1) enters the solenoid valve 11 (Fig. 2), the button 3 (Fig. 1) of which is located to the right of the gas cock enable handle.

5.2.2. When the solenoid valve button is pressed and open” (to the “Ignition” position) (Fig. 3), the tap gas flows to the pilot burner. The thermocouple, heated by the ignition burner flame, transmits the EMF to the valve solenoid, which automatically holds the valve disc open and provides gas access to the gas cock.

5.2.3. When turning handle 2 (Fig. 1) clockwise, the gas valve 9 (Fig. 2) performs the sequence of turning on the pilot burner to the “Ignition” position (see Fig. 3), gas supply to the main burner in the “Apparatus on” position ( see Fig. 3) and regulates the amount of gas supplied to the main burner within the "High flame" - "Small flame" positions (see Fig. 3) to obtain the desired water temperature. In this case, the main burner lights up only when water flows through the device (when a hot water tap is opened).

5.2.4 Turning off the apparatus is done by turning the control knob counterclockwise to the stop, while the main and pilot burners are instantly extinguished. The electromagnetic plug valve will remain open until the thermocouple cools down (10...15 s).

5.2.5. To ensure smooth ignition of the main burner, the water regulator is provided with an ignition retarder, which acts as a throttle when water flows out of the supra-membrane cavity and slows down the upward movement of the membrane, and, consequently, the ignition speed of the main burner.

The device is equipped with safety devices that provide:

gas access to the main burner only in the presence of a pilot flame and water flow
shutting off the gas valve to the main burner in case the pilot burner goes out or the water flow stops,
shutdown of the main and pilot burners in the absence of draft in the chimney.

1 - branch pipe, 2 - handle; 3 - button: 4 - gas supply pipe; 5 - hot water outlet pipe, 6 - cold water inlet pipe; 7 - facing, 8 - viewing window

Figure 1. Apparatus water-heating flowing gas household

1 - combustion chamber; 2 - heat exchanger; 3 - frame; 4 - gas outlet device; 5 - water gas burner block; 6 - main burner; 7 - ignition burner; 8 - thrust sensor tube; 9 - gas tap: 10 - water regulator; 11 - electromagnetic valve; 12 - thermocouple; 13 - piezo ignition (NEVA-3208); 14 - plate.

Figure 2. Apparatus water-heating flowing gas household (without cladding)

Figure 3. Positions of the gas cock control knob

6. INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

6.1. Installing the Machine

6.1.1. The device must be installed in kitchens or other non-residential premises in accordance with the Gasification Project and SNiP 2.04.08.87

6.1.2. Installation and installation of the apparatus must be carried out by the operating organization of the gas facilities or other organizations licensed for this type of activity

6.1.3. The device is hung with holes (on the frame) on a special bracket mounted on the wall. Mounting holes of the apparatus are shown in Figure 4. It is recommended to install the apparatus in such a way that viewing window 8 (see Fig. 1) is at the level of the user's eyes.

6.1.4. Connecting dimensions of pipelines for gas supply, water supply and discharge, removal of combustion products through a chimney are shown in Figure 1

6.2. Water and gas connection

6.2.1 Connection should be made with pipes with DN 15 mm. When installing pipelines, it is recommended that you first connect to the water supply and discharge points, fill the heat exchanger and the water system with water, and only then connect to the gas supply point. Connection should not be accompanied by mutual tension of pipes and parts of the apparatus in order to avoid displacement or breakage of individual parts and parts of the apparatus and violation of the tightness of gas and water systems.

6.2.2. After installing the apparatus, the places of its connections with communications must be checked for tightness. The tightness of the water inlet and outlet connections is checked by opening the shut-off valve (see Fig. 4) of cold water (with closed water taps). Leakage at the joints is not allowed.

Check the tightness of the gas supply connection by opening a common valve on the gas pipeline with the handle of the device in the closed position (position "Apparatus off"). The check is carried out by washing the joints or using special devices. Gas leakage is not allowed.

6.3. Installing a chimney to remove combustion products

For the apparatus, a system is necessarily provided for the removal of combustion products, going from the apparatus outside the building. Flue pipes must meet the following requirements:

must be airtight and made of non-combustible and corrosion-resistant materials, such as: stainless steel, galvanized steel, enameled steel, aluminum, copper with a wall thickness of at least 0.5 mm;
the length of the connecting pipe should not be more than 3 m, the pipe should not have more than three turns, the slope of the horizontal section of the pipe should be at least 0.01 towards the water heater;
the height of the vertical part of the pipe (from the water heater to the axis of the horizontal section) must be at least three diameters;
The internal diameter of the flue pipes must be at least 125 mm.

6.3.3. The connection between the device and the flue pipe must be airtight. It is recommended to install the pipe according to the diagram in Figure 5.

6.4. After installation, installation and leak testing, the operation of the safety automation must be checked (clauses 5.2.5 and 5.2.6.).

Figure 4. Installation diagram of the device

1 - smoke pipe; 2 - branch pipe; 3 - heat-resistant seal

Figure 5. Scheme of connecting the flue pipe

7. ORDER OF WORK

7.1. Turning on the machine

7.1.1. To turn on the device, it is necessary (see Fig. 4)

a) open the common valve on the gas pipeline in front of the apparatus;

b) open the cold water shut-off valve (in front of the machine);

c) set the handle of the device to the "Ignition" position (see Fig. 3),

d) press the button of the solenoid valve 3 (see Fig. 1) and repeatedly press the piezo ignition button 13 (see Fig. 2) (or bring a lit match to the pilot burner) until the flame appears on the pilot burner;

e) release the button of the solenoid valve after turning it on (after no more than 60 s), while the flame of the pilot burner should not go out.

WARNING: to avoid burns, do not bring your eyes too close to the viewing window.

At the first ignition or after a long period of non-use of the device, in order to remove air from the gas communications, repeat the indicated operations listed d and e.

f) open the gas cock to the main burner, to do this, turn the gas cock handle to the right until it stops ("Big flame" position). In this case, the pilot burner continues to burn, but the main burner is not yet ignited.

g) open the tap, and the main burner should ignite. The degree of water heating is adjusted by turning the handle of the apparatus within the "Big flame" - "Small flame" positions or by changing the flow rate of water passing through the apparatus.

7.2. Turning off the machine

7.2.1. At the end of use, turn off the device, observing the following sequence:

a) close the water taps (see Fig. 4);

b) turn knob 2 (see Fig. 1) to the "Appliance off" position (counterclockwise to the stop);

c) close the general valve on the gas pipeline;

d) close the cold water shut-off valve.

8. MAINTENANCE

8.1. To ensure long-term trouble-free operation and maintain the performance of the machine, regular care, inspection and maintenance is required. Maintenance and inspection are the responsibility of the owner of the machine.

Maintenance is carried out at least once a year by specialists from the gas facilities or other organizations licensed for this type of activity.

8.2.1. The apparatus should be kept clean, for which it is necessary to regularly remove dust from the upper surface of the apparatus, and also to wipe the lining first with a damp and then with a dry cloth. In case of significant contamination, first wipe the lining with a wet cloth moistened with neutral detergent, and then with a dry cloth.

8.2.2. Do not use detergents with enhanced action and containing abrasive particles, gasoline or other organic solvents to clean the surface of the cladding and plastic parts.

8.3. Inspection

Before switching on the device, you must:

a) check the absence of combustible objects near the device;

b) check for gas leakage (by characteristic smell) and water leakage (visually);

c) check the serviceability of the burners according to the combustion pattern:

the flame of the pilot burner should be elongated, not smoky and reach the main burner (flame deviation sharply upwards indicates clogging of the air supply channels to the burner);

The flame of the main burner should be blue, even and not have yellow smoky tongues indicating contamination of the outer surfaces of the nozzles and inlets of the burner sections.

In case of detection of gas and water leaks, as well as malfunction of the burners, it is necessary to carry out repairs and maintenance of the device.

8.4. Maintenance

8.4.1. During maintenance, the following work is performed:

cleaning and flushing the heat exchanger from scale inside the pipes and from soot outside;
cleaning and washing of water and gas filters;
cleaning and flushing of the main and pilot burners;
cleaning and lubricating the conical surface of the plug and the gas valve opening;
cleaning and lubrication of seals and rods of water and gas blocks;
checking the tightness of the gas and water systems of the apparatus;
checking the operation of the safety automation, including the draft sensor, for which it is necessary to remove the chimney (see Fig. 1), turn on the device and, with the gas valve fully open and the maximum water flow, close the device’s branch pipe with a metal sheet. After 10 ... 60 seconds, the device should turn off. After checking, install the flue pipe according to figure 5.

Maintenance work is not covered by the manufacturer's warranty.

9. POSSIBLE FAULTS OF THE NEVA 3208 DEVICE AND METHODS FOR THEIR ELIMINATION

Fault name	Probable Cause	Elimination Methods
The igniter is difficult to ignite or does not ignite at all	The presence of air in gas communications.	See section 7.1 Turning on the machine
	Clogged igniter nozzle
		Replace LPG bottle
When the solenoid valve button is released (after a control time of 60 s), the igniter goes out.	Ignition burner flame fails to heat thermocouple	Call the gas service
	Broken electrical circuit thermocouple - solenoid valve	Check the contact of the thermocouple with the solenoid valve (clean the contacts if necessary) Check the tightness of the connection of the thermocouple with the solenoid valve, while remembering: the tightening torque must ensure reliable contact, but should not exceed 1.5 N.m (0.15 kg.m) in order to avoid damage to these units.
	The electromagnetic plug or thermocouple is out of order	Call the gas service
The main burner does not ignite or is difficult to ignite when the hot water tap is opened.	Insufficient opening of the gas cock on the device or the general cock on the gas pipeline	Turn the handle of the device to the “Big flame” position and open the common valve on the gas pipeline completely
	Low gas pressure	Call the gas service
	Low tap water pressure	Temporarily not using the device
	Clogged water filter, torn membrane or broken water block plate	Call the gas service
The main burner does not go out when the hot water tap is closed	Jamming of the stem of the gas or water block	Call the gas service
The flame of the main burner is sluggish, elongated, with yellow smoky tongues	Dust deposits on the nozzles and internal surfaces of the main burner	Call the gas service
After a short period of operation, the device turns off spontaneously.	No draft in the chimney	Clean the chimney.
	The supply of liquefied gas in the cylinder has run out	Replace LPG bottle.
The faucet plug handle turns with considerable effort	Lubricant drying out	Call the gas service
The faucet plug handle turns with considerable effort	Ingress of contaminants	Call the gas service
Low water flow at the outlet of the apparatus with normal water pressure in the pipeline	Presence of scale in the heat exchanger or in the hot water outlet pipe	Call the gas service
Insufficient water heating	Large water consumption
Insufficient water heating	Soot deposits on the heat exchanger fins or scale in the heat exchanger tubes	Call the gas service
During operation of the device, there is increased noise from flowing water.	Large water consumption	Adjust the water flow to 6.45 l/min.
	Misaligned gaskets in the water block connection	Correct misalignment or replace gaskets.
The main burner ignites with a "pop" and the ejection of the flame from the casing window	The ignition burner flame is small or deviates sharply upwards and does not reach the main burner (the nozzle is clogged or the air supply channel to the igniter is clogged with dust, the groove on the valve plug is partially clogged with grease, low gas pressure)	Call the gas service
	Ignition retarder not working	Call the gas service
The igniter does not ignite from the piezo ignition (it ignites normally from a match)	No spark between spark plug and igniter	Check the connection of the wires of the piezoelectric generator to the candle and to the body of the device.
	Weak spark between spark plug and igniter	Set a gap of 5 mm between the spark plug electrode and the igniter.

10. STORAGE RULES

10.1. The device must be stored and transported only in the position indicated on the handling signs.

10.2. The device must be stored indoors, which guarantees protection from atmospheric and other harmful influences at an air temperature of -50°C to +40°C and a relative humidity of not more than 98%.

10.3. When storing the apparatus for more than 12 months, the latter must be subjected to conservation in accordance with GOST 9.014

10.4. The openings of the inlet and outlet pipes must be closed with plugs or plugs.

10.5. Every 6 months of storage, the device must be subjected to a technical inspection, which checks for the absence of moisture and dust clogging of the components and parts of the device.

10.6. Apparatus should be stacked in no more than five tiers when stacked and transported.

11. ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE

The device is water-heating flowing gas household. NEVA - 3208 complies with GOST 19910-94 and is recognized as serviceable

12. WARRANTY

The manufacturer guarantees trouble-free operation of the device if the project documentation for the installation of the device is available and if the consumer observes the rules for storage, installation and operation established by this "Operation Manual".

Warranty period of operation of the device is 3 years from the date of sale through a retail network; 3 years from the date of receipt by the consumer (for off-market consumption);

12.3. Warranty repair of the apparatus is carried out by gas facilities, the manufacturer or other organizations licensed for this type of activity.

12.4. The average service life of the device is at least 12 years.

12.5. When purchasing the device, the buyer must receive the "Operation Manual" with the store's mark on the purchase and check for the presence of tear-off coupons for warranty repairs.

12.6. In the absence of a store stamp in the warranty cards with a mark of the date of sale of the device, the warranty period is calculated from the date of its release by the manufacturer.

12.7. When repairing the device, the warranty card and the spine to it are filled in by an employee of the gas industry or an organization licensed for this type of activity. The warranty card is withdrawn by an employee of the gas industry or an organization licensed for this type of activity. The spine of the warranty card remains in the instruction manual.

12.8. The manufacturer is not responsible for the malfunction of the device and does not guarantee its operation if the Consumer's claim is presented with evidence of:

a) non-compliance with the rules of installation and operation;

b) non-compliance with the rules of transportation and storage by the Consumer, trading and transport organizations;

Evidence can be presented both in the form of an opinion of an independent Expert, and in the form of an act drawn up by a representative of the Manufacturer and signed by the Consumer.

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Instantaneous water heater VPG-23

1. Unconventional look on ecological and economiccal problems of the gas industry

It is known that Russia is the richest country in the world in terms of gas reserves.

From an environmental point of view, natural gas is the cleanest type of mineral fuel. When burned, it produces a significantly smaller amount of harmful substances compared to other types of fuel.

However, the burning of a huge amount of various types of fuel by mankind, including natural gas, over the past 40 years has led to a noticeable increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which, like methane, is a greenhouse gas. Most scientists consider this circumstance to be the cause of the currently observed climate warming.

This problem alarmed public circles and many statesmen after the publication in Copenhagen of the book "Our Common Future", prepared by the UN Commission. It reported that climate warming could cause the melting of ice in the Arctic and Antarctica, which would lead to a rise in the level of the World Ocean by several meters, flooding of island states and the invariable coasts of the continents, which would be accompanied by economic and social upheavals. To avoid them, it is necessary to sharply reduce the use of all hydrocarbon fuels, including natural gas. International conferences were convened on this issue, intergovernmental agreements were adopted. Atomic scientists of all countries began to exalt the advantages of atomic energy, which is destructive for mankind, the use of which is not accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide.

Meanwhile, the alarm was in vain. The erroneousness of many forecasts given in the mentioned book is connected with the absence of natural scientists in the UN Commission.

However, the issue of sea level rise has been carefully studied and discussed at many international conferences. It revealed. That in connection with the warming of the climate and the melting of ice, this level is really rising, but at a rate not exceeding 0.8 mm per year. In December 1997, at a conference in Kyoto, this figure was refined and turned out to be 0.6 mm. This means that in 10 years the ocean level will rise by 6 mm, and in a century by 6 cm. Of course, this figure should scare no one.

In addition, it turned out that the vertical tectonic movement of coastlines exceeds this value by an order of magnitude and reaches one, and in some places even two centimeters per year. Therefore, despite the rise in the 2nd level of the World Ocean, the Sea in many places becomes shallow and recedes (the north of the Baltic Sea, the coast of Alaska and Canada, the coast of Chile).

Meanwhile, global warming may have a number of positive consequences, especially for Russia. First of all, this process will increase the evaporation of water from the surface of the seas and oceans, whose area is 320 million km2. 2 The climate will become more humid. The droughts in the Lower Volga region and in the Caucasus will be reduced and may be stopped. The border of agriculture will begin to slowly move northward. Navigation along the Northern Sea Route will be greatly facilitated.

Reduce winter heating costs.

Finally, it must be remembered that carbon dioxide is food for all terrestrial plants. It is by processing it and releasing oxygen that they create primary organic substances. Back in 1927, V.I. Vernadsky pointed out that green plants could process and convert into organic substances much more carbon dioxide than its modern atmosphere can give. Therefore, he recommended the use of carbon dioxide as a fertilizer.

Subsequent experiments in phytotrons confirmed V.I. Vernadsky. When grown under conditions of twice the amount of carbon dioxide, almost all cultivated plants grew faster, fruited 6-8 days earlier and yielded 20-30% more than in control experiments with its usual content.

Consequently, agriculture is interested in enriching the atmosphere with carbon dioxide by burning hydrocarbon fuels.

An increase in its content in the atmosphere is also useful for more southern countries. Judging by paleographic data, 6-8 thousand years ago during the so-called Holocene climatic optimum, when the average annual temperature at the latitude of Moscow was 2C higher than the present one in Central Asia, there was a lot of water and no deserts. Zeravshan flowed into the Amu Darya, r. The Chu flowed into the Syr Darya, the level of the Aral Sea stood at around +72 m, and the connected Central Asian rivers flowed through present-day Turkmenistan into the sagging depression of the South Caspian. The sands of Kyzylkum and Karakum are river alluvium of the recent past, scattered later.

And the Sahara, whose area is 6 million km 2, was also not a desert at that time, but a savannah with numerous herds of herbivores, full-flowing rivers and Neolithic human settlements on the banks.

Thus, the combustion of natural gas is not only economically 3 profitable, but also quite justified from an environmental point of view, since it contributes to climate warming and humidification. Another question arises: should we conserve and save natural gas for our descendants? For a correct answer to this question, it should be taken into account that scientists are on the verge of mastering the energy of nuclear fusion, which is even more powerful than the energy of nuclear decay used, but does not produce radioactive waste and therefore, in principle, is more acceptable. According to American magazines, this will happen already in the first years of the coming millennium.

They are probably wrong about such short terms. Nevertheless, the possibility of the emergence of such an alternative environmentally friendly type of energy in the near future is obvious, which cannot be ignored when developing a long-term concept for the development of the gas industry.

Techniques and methods of ecological-hydrogeological and hydrological studies of natural-technogenic systems in the areas of gas and gas condensate fields.

In ecological, hydrogeological and hydrological studies, it is urgent to solve the issue of finding effective and economical methods for studying the state and predicting technogenic processes in order to: develop a strategic concept for production management that ensures the normal state of ecosystems; develop tactics for solving a set of engineering problems that contribute to the rational use of field resources; implementation of a flexible and efficient environmental policy.

Ecological-hydrogeological and hydrological studies are based on monitoring data, which has been developed to date from the main fundamental positions. However, the task of continuous optimization of monitoring remains. The most vulnerable part of monitoring is its analytical and instrumental base. In this connection, it is necessary: unification of methods of analysis and modern laboratory equipment, which would allow economically, quickly, with great accuracy to perform analytical work; creation of a single document for the gas industry that regulates the entire range of analytical work.

The methodological methods of ecological, hydrogeological and hydrological research in the areas of the gas industry are overwhelmingly common, which is determined by the uniformity of the sources of anthropogenic impact, the composition of the components that experience anthropogenic impact, and 4 indicators of anthropogenic impact.

The peculiarities of the natural conditions of the territories of fields, for example, landscape-climatic (arid, humid, etc., shelf, continent, etc.), determine the differences in character, and if the character is the same, in the degree of intensity of the technogenic impact of gas industry facilities on natural environments . Thus, in fresh groundwater in humid areas, the concentration of pollutant components coming with industrial waste often increases. In arid areas, due to the dilution of mineralized (typical of these areas) groundwater with fresh or low-mineralized industrial effluents, the concentration of pollutant components in them decreases.

Particular attention to groundwater when considering environmental problems follows from the concept of groundwater as a geological body, namely, groundwater is a natural system that characterizes the unity and interdependence of chemical and dynamic properties determined by the geochemical and structural features of groundwater, containing (rocks) and surrounding ( atmosphere, biosphere, etc.) environments.

Hence the multifaceted complexity of ecological and hydrogeological studies, which consists in the simultaneous study of the technogenic impact on groundwater, the atmosphere, the surface hydrosphere, the lithosphere (rocks of the aeration zone and water-bearing rocks), soils, the biosphere, in determining the hydrogeochemical, hydrogeodynamic and thermodynamic indicators of technogenic changes, in the study mineral organic and organic components of the hydrosphere and lithosphere, in the application of natural and experimental methods.

Both surface (mining, processing and related facilities) and underground (deposits, production and injection wells) sources of technogenic impact are subject to study.

Ecological-hydrogeological and hydrological studies make it possible to detect and evaluate almost all possible technogenic changes in natural and natural-technogenic environments in the areas where gas industry enterprises operate. For this, a serious knowledge base about the geological-hydrogeological and landscape-climatic conditions prevailing in these territories, and a theoretical justification for the spread of technogenic processes, are mandatory.

Any technogenic impact on the environment is assessed against the background of the environment. It is necessary to distinguish between the background natural, natural-technogenic, technogenic. The natural background for any indicator under consideration is represented by a value (values) formed in natural conditions, natural and technogenic - in 5 conditions experiencing (experienced) technogenic loads from outsiders, not monitored in this particular case, objects, technogenic - under the influence of side of the monitored (studied) man-made object in this particular case. The technogenic background is used for a comparative spatio-temporal assessment of changes in the steppe of the technogenic impact on the Environment during the periods of operation of the monitored object. This is an obligatory part of monitoring, providing flexibility in the management of technogenic processes and timely implementation of environmental measures.

With the help of natural and natural-technogenic background, an anomalous state of the studied media is detected and areas characterized by its different intensity are established. The anomalous state is fixed by the excess of the actual (measured) values and the studied indicator over its background values (Cact>Cbackground).

A technogenic object that causes the occurrence of technogenic anomalies is established by comparing the actual values of the studied indicator with the values in the sources of technogenic influence belonging to the monitored object.

2. EcologicalOther benefits of natural gas

There are issues related to the environment that have prompted much research and discussion on an international scale: issues of population growth, conservation of resources, biodiversity, climate change. The last question is most directly related to the energy sector of the 1990s.

The need for detailed study and policy development on an international scale led to the creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the conclusion of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) through the UN. Currently, the UNFCCC has been ratified by more than 130 countries that have acceded to the Convention. The first Conference of the Parties (COP-1) was held in Berlin in 1995, and the second (COP-2) was held in Geneva in 1996. COP-2 approved the IPCC report, which stated that there was already real evidence that that human activity is responsible for climate change and the effect of "global warming".

Although there are opinions that oppose that of the IPCC, such as those of the European Science and Environment Forum, the work of the IPCC in 6 is now accepted as an authoritative basis for policy makers and it is unlikely that the impetus given by the UNFCCC will not encourage further development . Gases. most important, i.e. those whose concentrations have increased significantly since the start of industrial activity are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitric oxide (N2O). In addition, although their levels in the atmosphere are still low, the continuing increase in the concentrations of perfluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride makes it necessary to touch them too. All of these gases should be included in national inventories submitted under the UNFCCC.

The effect of increasing gas concentrations, which causes the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, was modeled by the IPCC under various scenarios. These modeling studies have shown systematic global climate change since the 19th century. IPCC is waiting. that between 1990 and 2100 the average air temperature on the earth's surface will increase by 1.0-3.5 C. and the sea level will rise by 15-95 cm. More severe droughts and / or floods are expected in some places, while how they will be less severe elsewhere. Forests are expected to die, which will further change the sequestration and release of carbon on land.

The expected temperature change will be too fast for individual animal and plant species to adjust. and some decline in biodiversity is expected.

Sources of carbon dioxide can be quantified with reasonable certainty. One of the most significant sources of increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is the combustion of fossil fuels.

Natural gas produces less CO2 per unit of energy. supplied to the consumer. than other fossil fuels. In comparison, methane sources are more difficult to quantify.

Globally, fossil fuel sources are estimated to contribute about 27% of annual anthropogenic methane emissions to the atmosphere (19% of total emissions, anthropogenic and natural). The uncertainty intervals for these other sources are very large. For example. emissions from landfills are currently estimated at 10% of anthropogenic emissions, but they could be twice as high.

The global gas industry has been studying the development of scientific understanding of climate change and related policies for many years, and has engaged in discussions with renowned scientists working in the field. The International Gas Union, Eurogas, national organizations and individual companies participated in the collection of relevant data and information and thus contributed to these discussions. While there are still many uncertainties about accurately assessing the potential future impact of greenhouse gases, it is appropriate to apply the precautionary principle and ensure that cost-effective emission reduction measures are implemented as soon as possible. For example, emission inventories and mitigation technology discussions have helped focus attention on the most appropriate measures to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions under the UNFCCC. Switching to industrial fuels with lower carbon yields, such as natural gas, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions at a reasonable cost-effectiveness, and such transitions are being made in many regions.

The exploration of natural gas instead of other fossil fuels is economically attractive and can make an important contribution to meeting the commitments made by individual countries under the UNFCCC. It is a fuel that has minimal environmental impact compared to other fossil fuels. Switching from fossil coal to natural gas, while maintaining the same ratio of fuel-to-electricity conversion efficiency, would reduce emissions by 40%. In 1994

The IGU Special Commission on the Environment, in a report at the World Gas Conference (1994), turned to the study of climate change and showed that natural gas can make a significant contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy supply and energy consumption, providing the same level of convenience, performance and reliability that will be required from the energy supply in the future. The Eurogas brochure "Natural Gas - Cleaner Energy for a Cleaner Europe" demonstrates the environmental benefits of natural gas from a local to 8 global levels.

Although natural gas has advantages, it is still important to optimize its use. The gas industry has supported technology improvement efficiency programs complemented by the development of environmental management, further strengthening the environmental case for gas as an efficient fuel that contributes to environmental protection in the future.

Carbon dioxide emissions worldwide are responsible for approximately 65% of global warming. Burning fossil fuels releases CO2 accumulated by plants many millions of years ago and increases its concentration in the atmosphere above natural levels.

The burning of fossil fuels is responsible for 75-90% of all anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Based on the most recent data provided by the IPCC, the relative contribution of anthropogenic emissions to the amplification of the greenhouse effect is estimated by the data.

Natural gas generates less CO2 for the same supply of energy than coal or oil because it contains more hydrogen to carbon than other fuels. Due to its chemical structure, the gas produces 40% less carbon dioxide than anthracite.

Emissions to the atmosphere from the combustion of fossil fuels depend not only on the type of fuel, but on how efficiently it is used. Gaseous fuels typically burn more easily and more efficiently than coal or oil. Waste heat recovery from flue gases is also easier in the case of natural gas, since the flue gas is not contaminated with solid particles or aggressive sulfur compounds. Because of its chemistry, ease of use and efficiency, natural gas can make a significant contribution to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by replacing fossil fuels.

3. Water heater VPG-23-1-3-P

gas appliance thermal water supply

A gas appliance that uses the thermal energy obtained by burning gas to heat running water for hot water supply.

Deciphering the instantaneous water heater VPG 23-1-3-P: VPG-23 V-water heater P - flow G - gas 23 - thermal power 23,000 kcal / h. At the beginning of the 70s, the domestic industry mastered the production of unified water-heating flow-through household appliances, which received the HSV index. Currently, water heaters of this series are produced by gas equipment factories located in St. Petersburg, Volgograd and Lvov. These devices are classified as automatic devices and are designed to heat water for the needs of local domestic supply of the population and domestic consumers with hot water. Water heaters are adapted for successful operation in conditions of simultaneous multi-point water intake.

A number of significant changes and additions have been made to the design of the instantaneous water heater VPG-23-1-3-P in comparison with the previously produced water heater L-3, which, on the one hand, improved the reliability of the device and ensured an increase in the level of safety of its operation, in in particular, to resolve the issue of turning off the gas supply to the main burner in case of violations of draft in the chimney, etc. but, on the other hand, led to a decrease in the reliability of the water heater as a whole and the complication of the process of its maintenance.

The body of the water heater has acquired a rectangular, not very elegant shape. The design of the heat exchanger has been improved, the main burner of the water heater has been radically changed, respectively - the ignition burner.

A new element has been introduced, which was not previously used in instantaneous water heaters - an electromagnetic valve (EMC); a draft sensor is installed under the gas outlet device (hood).

For many years, as the most common means for quickly obtaining hot water in the presence of a water supply system, gas flow-through water heaters manufactured in accordance with the requirements have been used, equipped with gas exhaust devices and draft breakers, which, in the event of a short-term violation of draft, prevent the flame of the gas burner from extinguishing, for connection to the smoke channel there is flue pipe.

Device device

1. The wall-mounted apparatus has a rectangular shape formed by a removable lining.

2. All main elements are mounted on the frame.

3. On the front side of the apparatus there is a gas cock control knob, a solenoid valve switch button (EMC), a viewing window, a window for ignition and monitoring the flame of the pilot and main burners, and a draft control window.

· At the top of the device there is a branch pipe for the removal of combustion products into the chimney. Below - branch pipes for connecting the device to the gas and water mains: For gas supply; For supplying cold water; For discharging hot water.

4. The device consists of a combustion chamber, which includes a frame, a gas exhaust device, a heat exchanger, a water-gas burner unit, consisting of two pilot and main burners, a tee, a gas cock, 12 water regulators, and an electromagnetic valve (EMC).

On the left side of the gas part of the water and gas burner block, a tee is attached using a clamping nut, through which gas enters the pilot burner and, in addition, is supplied through a special connecting pipe under the draft sensor valve; that, in turn, is attached to the body of the apparatus under the gas outlet device (cap). The draft sensor is an elementary design, it consists of a bimetallic plate and a fitting on which two nuts are mounted that perform connecting functions, and the upper nut is also a seat for a small valve attached in a suspended state to the end of the bimetallic plate.

The minimum thrust required for the normal operation of the apparatus should be 0.2 mm of water. Art. If the draft has fallen below the specified limit, the exhaust products of combustion, which are not able to completely escape into the atmosphere through the chimney, begin to enter the kitchen, heating the bimetallic plate of the draft sensor, located in a narrow passage on their way out from under the hood. When heated, the bimetallic plate gradually bends, since the coefficient of linear expansion during heating at the lower metal layer is greater than that of the upper one, its free end rises, the valve moves away from the seat, which entails depressurization of the tube connecting the tee and the thrust sensor. Due to the fact that the gas supply to the tee is limited by the flow area in the gas part of the water-gas burner unit, which occupies much less than the area of the thrust sensor valve seat, the gas pressure in it immediately drops. The igniter flame, not receiving sufficient power, falls off. The cooling of the thermocouple junction causes the solenoid valve to actuate after a maximum of 60 seconds. The electromagnet, left without electric current, loses its magnetic properties and releases the armature of the upper valve, not having the strength to keep it in a position attracted to the core. Under the influence of a spring, a plate equipped with a rubber seal fits snugly against the seat, while blocking the through passage for the gas that previously entered the main and pilot burners.

Rules for using instantaneous water heater.

1) Before turning on the water heater, make sure that there is no smell of gas, slightly open the window and release the undercut at the bottom of the door for air flow.

2) The flame of a lit match check the draft in the chimney, if there is draft, turn on the column according to the instruction manual.

3) 3-5 minutes after turning on the device re-check for traction.

4) Don't allow use the water heater for children under 14 years of age and persons who have not received special instructions.

Use gas water heaters only if there is draft in the chimney and ventilation duct Rules for storing instantaneous water heaters. Flowing gas water heaters must be stored indoors, protected from atmospheric and other harmful influences.

When storing the apparatus for more than 12 months, the latter must be subjected to conservation.

The openings of the inlet and outlet pipes must be closed with plugs or plugs.

Every 6 months of storage, the device must be subjected to a technical inspection.

How the machine works

b Switching on the apparatus 14 To switch on the apparatus, it is necessary to: Check the presence of draft by bringing a lighted match or a strip of paper to the draft control window; Open the common valve on the gas pipeline in front of the apparatus; Open the tap on the water pipe in front of the machine; Turn the gas cock handle clockwise until it stops; Press the button of the solenoid valve and bring a lit match through the viewing window in the lining of the apparatus. In this case, the flame of the pilot burner should light up; Release the button of the solenoid valve, after turning it on (after 10-60 seconds), while the flame of the pilot burner should not go out; Open the gas cock to the main burner by pressing the gas cock handle in the axial direction and turning it to the right as far as it will go.

b At the same time, the pilot burner continues to burn, but the main burner does not yet ignite; Open the hot water valve, the flame of the main burner should flash. The degree of water heating is adjusted by the amount of water flow, or by turning the gas valve handle from left to right from 1 to 3 divisions.

b Turn off the machine. At the end of using the instantaneous water heater, it must be turned off, following the sequence of operations: Close the hot water taps; Turn the gas valve handle counterclockwise until it stops, thereby shutting off the gas supply to the main burner, then release the knob and without pressing it in the axial direction, turn it counterclockwise until it stops. This will turn off the ignition burner and the electromagnetic valve (EMC); Close the general valve on the gas pipeline; Close the valve on the water pipe.

b The water heater consists of the following parts: Combustion chamber; Heat exchanger; frame; gas outlet device; Gas burner block; Main burner; Ignition burner; Tee; Gas cock; Water regulator; Solenoid valve (EMC); Thermocouple; Thrust sensor tube.

Solenoid valve

In theory, the solenoid valve (EMC) should stop the gas supply to the main burner of the instantaneous water heater: firstly, when the gas supply to the apartment (to the water heater) disappears, in order to avoid the gas contamination of the fire chamber, connecting pipes and chimneys, and secondly, in case of violation of the draft in the chimney (reducing it against the established norm), in order to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning contained in the combustion products of the residents of the apartment. The first of the functions mentioned in the design of previous models of instantaneous water heaters was assigned to the so-called thermal machines, which were based on bimetallic plates and valves suspended from them. The design was quite simple and cheap. After a certain time, it failed after a year or two, and not a single locksmith or production manager even thought about the need to waste time and material on restoration. Moreover, experienced and knowledgeable locksmiths at the time of starting the water heater and its initial testing, or at the latest at the first visit (preventive maintenance) of the apartment, in full consciousness of their rightness, pressed the fold of the bimetallic plate with pliers, thereby ensuring a constant open position for the thermal machine valve, and also a 100% guarantee that the specified safety automation element will not disturb either subscribers or service personnel until the end of the water heater's shelf life.

Nevertheless, in the new model of the instantaneous water heater, namely HSV-23-1-3-P, the idea of a “thermal automatic device” was developed and significantly complicated, and, worst of all, connected to a traction control automatic device, assigning the functions of a thrust guard to the solenoid valve , functions that are certainly necessary, but so far have not received a worthy embodiment in a specific viable design. The hybrid turned out to be not very successful, capricious in work, requiring increased attention from the attendants, high qualifications and many other circumstances.

The heat exchanger, or radiator, as it is sometimes called in the practice of gas facilities, consists of two main parts: a fire chamber and a heater.

The fire chamber is designed to burn the gas-air mixture, almost entirely prepared in the burner; secondary air, which ensures complete combustion of the mixture, is sucked in from below, between the burner sections. The cold water pipeline (coil) wraps around the fire chamber with one full turn and immediately enters the heater. The dimensions of the heat exchanger, mm: height - 225, width - 270 (including protruding knees) and depth - 176. The diameter of the coil tube is 16 - 18 mm, it is not included in the above depth parameter (176 mm). The heat exchanger is single-row, has four through circulation passes of the water-carrying tube and about 60 plates-ribs made of copper sheet and having a wavy side profile. For installation and alignment inside the water heater body, the heat exchanger has side and rear brackets. The main type of solder on which the PFOTS-7-3-2 coil elbows are assembled. It is also possible to replace solder with MF-1 alloy.

In the process of checking the tightness of the internal water plane, the heat exchanger must withstand a pressure test of 9 kgf / cm 2 for 2 minutes (water leakage from it is not allowed) or subjected to an air test for a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm 2, provided that it is immersed in a bath filled with water, also within 2 minutes, and air leakage (the appearance of bubbles in the water) is not allowed. Elimination of defects in the water path of the heat exchanger by tapping is not allowed. Almost the entire length of the cold water coil on the way to the heater must be tacked to the fire chamber with solder to ensure maximum water heating efficiency. At the outlet of the heater, the exhaust gases enter the gas exhaust device (hood) of the water heater, where it is diluted with air drawn in from the room to the required temperature and then goes into the chimney through a connecting pipe, the outer diameter of which should be approximately 138 - 140 mm. The temperature of the flue gases at the outlet of the gas outlet is approximately 210 0 С; the content of carbon monoxide at an air flow rate equal to 1 should not exceed 0.1%.

The principle of operation of the device 1. The gas through the tube enters the electromagnetic valve (EMC), the switch button of which is located to the right of the gas cock switch handle.

2. The gas shut-off valve of the water and gas burner unit sequences the firing of the pilot burner, supplying gas to the main burner, and adjusting the amount of gas supplied to the main burner to obtain the desired temperature of the heated water.

The gas cock has a handle that rotates from left to right with a lock in three positions: The leftmost fixed position corresponds to closing 18 of the gas supply to the pilot and main burners.

The middle fixed position corresponds to the full opening of the valve for gas supply to the pilot burner and the closed position of the valve to the main burner.

The rightmost fixed position, achieved by pressing the handle in the main direction until it stops, followed by turning it all the way to the right, corresponds to the full opening of the valve for gas supply to the main and pilot burners.

3. Regulation of combustion of the main burner is carried out by turning the knob within position 2-3. In addition to manual blocking of the crane, there are two automatic blocking devices. Blocking the flow of gas to the main burner during the mandatory operation of the pilot burner is provided by a solenoid valve operating from a thermocouple.

Blocking the gas supply to the burner, depending on the presence of water flow through the device, is carried out by the water regulator.

When the solenoid valve (EMC) button is pressed and the blocking gas valve on the pilot burner is open, gas flows through the solenoid valve to the blocking valve and then through the tee through the gas pipeline to the pilot burner.

With normal draft in the chimney (a vacuum of at least 1.96 Pa), the thermocouple, heated by the flame of the pilot burner, transmits an impulse to the valve solenoid, which in turn automatically holds the valve open and provides gas access to the blocking valve.

In case of violation of draft or its absence, the electromagnetic valve stops the gas supply to the device.

Rules for installing a flowing gas water heater A flowing water heater is installed in a one-story room in compliance with the technical specifications. The height of the room must be at least 2 m. The volume of the room must be at least 7.5 m3 (if in a separate room). If the water heater is installed in a room with a gas stove, then it is not necessary to add the volume of the room for the installation of the water heater to the room with the gas stove. In the room where the instantaneous water heater is installed, should there be a chimney, a ventilation duct, a gap? 0.2 m 2 from the area of the door, window with an opening device, the distance from the wall should be 2 cm for an air gap, the water heater should be hung on a wall made of non-combustible material. If there are no fireproof walls in the room, it is allowed to install the water heater on a fireproof wall at a distance of at least 3 cm from the wall. The surface of the wall in this case must be insulated with roofing steel over an asbestos sheet 3 mm thick. The upholstery should protrude 10 cm beyond the body of the water heater. When installing the water heater on a wall lined with glazed tiles, no additional insulation is required. The horizontal distance in the light between the protruding parts of the water heater must be at least 10 cm. The temperature of the room in which the device is installed must be at least 5 0 С.

It is forbidden to install a gas instantaneous water heater in residential buildings above five floors, in the basement and in the bathroom.

As a complex household appliance, the column has a set of automatic mechanisms that ensure the safety of operation. Unfortunately, many old models installed in apartments today contain a far from complete set of security automation. And for a significant part of these mechanisms have long been out of order and have been disabled.

The use of dispensers without safety automatics, or with automatics turned off, is fraught with a serious threat to the safety of your health and property! Security systems are. Reverse thrust control. If the chimney is blocked or clogged and combustion products flow back into the room, the gas supply should automatically stop. Otherwise, the room will fill with carbon monoxide.

1) Thermoelectric fuse (thermocouple). If during the operation of the column there was a short-term cessation of the gas supply (i.e. the burner went out), and then the supply resumed (gas went out when the burner went out), then its further flow should automatically stop. Otherwise, the room will be filled with gas.

The principle of operation of the blocking system "water-gas"

The blocking system ensures that gas is supplied to the main burner only when hot water is drawn. Consists of a water unit and a gas unit.

The water assembly consists of a body, a cover, a membrane, a plate with a stem and a Venturi fitting. The membrane divides the internal cavity of the water unit into submembrane and supramembrane, which are connected by a bypass channel.

When the water intake valve is closed, the pressure in both cavities is the same and the membrane occupies the lower position. When the water intake is opened, the water flowing through the Venturi fitting injects water from the supra-membrane cavity through the bypass channel and the water pressure in it drops. The membrane and the plate with the stem rise, the stem of the water unit pushes the stem of the gas unit, which opens the gas valve and the gas enters the burner. When the water intake is stopped, the water pressure in both cavities of the water unit is leveled and, under the influence of a conical spring, the gas valve lowers and stops gas access to the main burner.

The principle of operation of automation to control the presence of a flame on the igniter.

Provided by the operation of EMC and thermocouple. When the igniter flame weakens or goes out, the thermocouple junction does not heat up, EMF is not emitted, the electromagnet core is demagnetized and the valve closes by spring force, shutting off the gas supply to the apparatus.

The principle of operation of traction safety automatics.

§ Automatic shutdown of the device in the absence of draft in the chimney is provided by: 21 Draft sensor (DT) EMK with thermocouple Igniter.

DT consists of a bracket with a bimetallic plate fixed on it at one end. A valve is fixed at the free end of the plate, which closes the hole in the sensor fitting. The DT fitting is fixed in the bracket with two lock nuts, with which you can adjust the height of the nozzle outlet plane relative to the bracket, thereby adjusting the tightness of the valve closure.

In the absence of draft in the chimney, the flue gases go outside under the cap and heat the bimetallic plate DT, which, bending, raises the valve, opening the hole in the fitting. The main part of the gas, which should go to the igniter, exits through the hole in the sensor fitting. The flame on the igniter decreases or goes out, heating of the thermocouple stops. The EMF in the electromagnet winding disappears and the valve shuts off the gas supply to the apparatus. The response time of the automation should not exceed 60 seconds.

Scheme of automatic safety of VPG-23 Scheme of automatic safety of instantaneous water heaters with automatic shutdown of gas supply to the main burner in the absence of draft. This automation works on the basis of the electromagnetic valve EMK-11-15. The draft sensor is a bimetallic plate with a valve, which is installed in the area of the water heater's draft interrupter. In the absence of thrust, hot combustion products wash over the plate, and it opens the sensor nozzle. In this case, the flame of the pilot burner is reduced, as the gas rushes to the sensor nozzle. The thermocouple of the EMK-11-15 valve cools down and it blocks the gas access to the burner. The solenoid valve is built into the gas inlet, in front of the gas cock. The EMC is powered by a chromel-copel thermocouple introduced into the flame zone of the pilot burner. When the thermocouple is heated, the excited TEDS (up to 25mV) enters the winding of the electromagnet core, which holds the valve connected to the armature in the open position. The valve is opened manually using a button located on the front wall of the device. When the flame goes out, the spring-loaded valve, which is not retained by the electromagnet, shuts off gas access to the burners. Unlike other solenoid valves, in the EMK-11-15 valve, due to the sequential operation of the lower and upper valves, it is impossible to forcibly turn off the safety automatics by locking the lever in the pressed state, as consumers sometimes do. As long as the lower valve does not block the gas passage to the main burner, the flow of gas to the pilot burner is not possible.

For blocking thrust, the same EMC and the effect of extinguishing the pilot burner are used. A bimetallic sensor located under the upper hood of the apparatus, when heated (in the zone of the return flow of hot gases that occurs when the draft is stopped), opens the gas discharge valve from the pilot burner pipeline. The burner goes out, the thermocouple cools down and the electromagnetic valve (EMC) shuts off gas access to the apparatus.

Maintenance of the machine 1. The owner is responsible for the supervision of the operation of the machine, and it is the responsibility of the owner to keep it clean and in good condition.

2. To ensure the normal operation of the instantaneous gas water heater, it is necessary to carry out a preventive inspection at least once a year.

3. Periodic maintenance of a flowing gas water heater is carried out by employees of the gas facilities service in accordance with the requirements of the operating rules in the gas facilities at least once a year.

The main malfunctions of the water heater

	Broken water plate	Change plate
	Scale deposits in the heater	Rinse the heater
Main burner ignites with a pop	Clogged faucet or nozzle openings	clean the holes
	Insufficient gas pressure	Increase gas pressure
	The tightness of the sensor on draft is broken	Adjust traction sensor
When the main burner is turned on, the flame knocks out	Ignition retarder out of adjustment	adjust
	Soot deposits on the heater	Clean the heater
When the water intake is turned off, the main burner continues to burn	Broken safety valve spring	Replace spring
	Safety valve seal wear	Replace seal
	Foreign bodies under the valve	Clear
Insufficient water heating	Low gas pressure	Increase gas pressure
	Clogged faucet or nozzle hole	clean the hole
	Soot deposits on the heater	Clean the heater
	Bent safety valve stem	Replace stem
Low water consumption	Clogged water filter	Clean the filter
	The water pressure adjustment screw is too tight	Loosen the adjusting screw
	Clogged hole in venturi	clean the hole
	Scale deposits in the coil	Flush the coil
The water heater makes a lot of noise	Large water consumption	Reduce water consumption
	The presence of burrs in the Venturi tube	Remove burrs
	Skewed gaskets in the water unit	Correctly install gaskets
After a short period of operation, the water heater switches off	Lack of traction	Clean the chimney
	Thrust sensor leaking	Adjust traction sensor

Electrical circuit break

There are a lot of reasons for circuit failures, they are usually the result of a break (breaking of contacts and joints) or, conversely, a short circuit before the electric current generated by the thermocouple enters the electromagnet coil and thereby ensures a stable attraction of the armature to the core. Circuit breaks, as a rule, are observed at the junction of the thermocouple terminal and a special screw, at the place where the core winding is attached to curly or connecting nuts. Short circuits can occur within the thermocouple itself due to careless handling (breaks, bends, shocks, etc.) during maintenance or failure due to excessive service life. This can often be observed in those apartments where the ignition burner of the water heater burns all day, and often for a day, in order to avoid the need to ignite it before turning on the water heater, which the hostess can have more than a dozen during the day. Circuit closures are also possible in the electromagnet itself, especially when the insulation of a special screw made of washers, tubes and similar insulating materials is displaced or broken. In order to speed up the repair work, it will be natural for everyone involved in their implementation to have a permanent spare thermocouple and electromagnet with them.

A locksmith looking for the cause of a valve failure must first get a clear answer to the question. Who is to blame for a valve failure - a thermocouple or a magnet? The thermocouple is replaced first, as the simplest option (and the most common). Then, with a negative result, the electromagnet is subjected to the same operation. If this does not help, then the thermocouple and electromagnet are removed from the water heater and checked separately, for example, the thermocouple junction is heated by the flame of the top burner of a gas stove in the kitchen, and so on. Thus, the locksmith installs the defective assembly by elimination, and then proceeds directly to the repair or simply replacing it with a new one. Only an experienced, qualified locksmith can determine the cause of the failure of the solenoid valve in operation, without resorting to a phased study by replacing supposedly faulty components with known good ones.

Used Books

1) Reference book on gas supply and use of gas (N.L. Staskevich, G.N. Severinets, D.Ya. Vigdorchik).

2) Handbook of a young gas worker (K.G. Kazimov).

3) Synopsis on special technology.

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Geyser vpg 23 instruction data sheet. Apparatuses water-heating flowing household gas

Repair and service

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