The project of a house with a four-pitched hip roof. Do-it-yourself four-pitched roof

hipped roof, otherwise referred to as hip, has long and widely been used in European countries Oh. Everything is currently more owners country houses in Russia, this durable and reliable roofing system is preferred.

The most important difference between the hip roof is that its design does not involve gables. Instead, there are 2 additional ramps.

• classic hipped roof (all overhangs are at the same height, all four slopes with straight rafters, and corner ribs originate from the central ridge);
• hipped roof (the corner ribs of the slopes diverge from one point in the center of the roof, there is no ridge run in its design);
• Danish roof (involves short slopes with gables in the upper part of the roof, which are used for lighting and ventilation);
• half-hipped roof (with a stretch it can be attributed to four-slope roofs, because its design is more like a gable roof - the rafter legs run parallel to each other and are installed on the long side, based on the Mauerlat);
• sloping roof (mansard) corresponds to its name, and has many broken lines in the design, which allows you to build more than high ceiling and maximize the use of living space;
• multi-pitched hip roof (despite the fact that the number of slopes is more than 4, the principle of assembling the truss systems of this one of the most complex varieties is no different from the construction of a simple four-pitched roof).

Advantages and disadvantages of a hipped roof

Any roof has strong and weak sides in its design. And the hipped roof configuration is no exception, and its advantages and disadvantages are usually considered in comparison with the gable roof - the most common and simple option roofs.

The benefits include:

• a properly designed roof resists even hurricane-force winds well;
• little susceptible to destruction of the roof in those places where there are cornice overhangs;
• due to the rigid structure (due to the angular ribs that converge to the support beam of the ridge), it does not undergo serious deformation;
• large overhangs on all sides protect the facade of the building from precipitation;
• the possibility of arranging an additional attic or attic space;
• the attic space, thanks to this roof structure, warms up evenly and retains heat well;
• attic windows can be mounted directly in the roof slopes - there is no need for gables;
• external attractiveness, which can be further emphasized by a well-chosen roofing material.

The disadvantages are:

• the complexity of engineering calculations and construction;
• impressive weight of the structure;
• greater financial costs are expected than in the construction gable roof, however, it should be noted that you do not need to spend money on the brickwork of the gables;
• water penetrates through ajar dormer windows during rain, while with windows located in gable roof gables, this problem does not arise.

Calculation of the slope of a hipped roof

When it comes to the slope of a hipped roof, we mean the slope of the longitudinal (trapezoidal) slopes. To correctly determine this parameter, it is necessary to take into account certain factors individually and in combination:

• the slope depends on the design of the roof and facade of the building;
• the greater the angle of inclination, the greater the flow building materials and the complexity of the work performed;
• the slope of a hipped roof can be in a wide range from 5 ° to 60 °;
• in regions with frequent and heavy rainfall (winter snowfalls are especially worth considering), preference is given to a large roof slope - from 45 ° to 60 °;

• in areas where strong winds prevail, it is better to choose a small slope angle (from 9 ° to 20 °), which will significantly reduce the windage of roofing materials;
• if roofing materials are collected from piece units, then the slope of the roof slope must be at least 25 °, otherwise moisture will seep through the seams;
• most often, a universal angle of inclination of 20-45 ° is chosen.

Materials for the construction of a hipped roof

Before approaching the issue of choosing a material, it should be noted that due to the specific design of a hipped roof, during its construction, a considerable part of the building materials will turn into waste. Therefore, the choice should be based on the financial capabilities of the customer. The most economical will be the material that consists of individual elements small size.

• coniferous wood (pine, larch) is usually used for rafters;
• you need to pay attention to the quality of lumber (there should be no defects that can affect the strength and durability of the roof);
• in order to avoid deformation of the roof, the moisture content of the wood should not exceed 18-22% (for measurement, you can use the device - an electric moisture meter);
• if the moisture content of lumber exceeds allowed values, they must be dried (dry in the shade, under a canopy and in a draft);
• for rafters, a rectangular beam will be optimal (its cross section is determined during design);
• an alternative to a rectangular beam can be a board with a section of 50 x 100 or 50 x 200 mm (if necessary, use double boards);
• to increase the strength of a multi-pitched roof, steel fasteners are used (they allow you to keep the relative position of the rafters unchanged);
• supports for the most loaded skates can be made of metal elements;
• Combined structures are distinguished by the highest strength.

Common types of hip roof coverings:

• Flexible tiles. It has several more names: shingle, roofing tiles, shinglas. It is not only the most economical option coatings, but also the lightest (1 m 2 weighs about 8 kg). For the production of the basis of such tiles, fiberglass impregnated with bitumen is most often used. It is the base that gives the coating flexibility and elasticity. Outside flexible tile sprinkled with slate, basalt granulator or mineral chips, which provides not only protection from impact environment, but also gives the roof a variety of shades.

• Metal tile. One of the most popular materials used for the roof. It consists of sheets of galvanized or aluzinc steel. Special layers in the composition of the metal tile prevent corrosion. Its weight is only 4-7 kg per 1 m 2, and color palette includes up to 45 shades. In addition, metal roofing is eco-friendly material. Among the disadvantages of such a coating, it can be noted that it makes a lot of noise when it hits raindrops or hail, and when cutting, a lot of trimmings are formed.

• Ordinary tile. This is natural material, which is a tile (flat or figured) of baked clay. This is a durable, but rather heavy material (30-75 kg per 1 m 2). Usually clay tiles are laid on a powerful crate. To create the desired shade, you can cover with colored glaze.
• Slate sheet. This type of material is used to cover the roof with a slope of more than 12 °. If the slope angle is less, moisture may enter through the joints of the slate sheets. The use of slate allows you to significantly speed up the construction time due to the ease of installation. Moreover, it is very economical material. Of the minuses, one can note insufficient strength under mechanical stress, as well as the ability to accumulate moisture, which, with sudden changes in temperature, can lead to cracking.
• Ondulin. For the production of this roofing building material, bitumen, cellulose fibers, mineral additives (as a filler), fiberglass and resins (for strength) are used. Thanks to mineral pigments, ondulin retains its color for a long time. The cost of this material is low, it can withstand significant temperature changes, has impact resistance and moisture resistance.

How to create a pitched roof project

• choose the type of construction;
• analyze the likely loads on the rafters (taking into account the winds in a particular region, maximum weight snow, the degree of the slope of the slopes);
• experienced builders recommend choosing rafters with a margin of safety of 1.4;
• calculate the pitch of the rafters;

• evaluate the bearing capacity of the truss system;
• find out if you need additional elements when erecting rafters (for example, braces or puffs), because it is they who give the structure the necessary rigidity and strength;
• determine the coating material;
• taking into account the slope angle, calculate the height of the roof ridge.

How to calculate the load on the truss system

There are two types of loads:

• constant (which consists of the mass of the roof, lathing, rafters, insulation and girders);
• temporary (wind strength, abundance of snowfalls, payloads).

According to building codes and rules (SNiP) in the middle zone of our country snow load equal to 180 kg / m 2. In case of accumulation of snow mass, this value can increase up to 400-450 kg/m 2 . With a roof slope angle of 60 ° or more, the snow load is not taken into account.

The wind load in the same region according to SNiP is 35 kg / m 2, and if the slope angle is less than 30 °, then this value is not taken into account in the calculations of the roof.

There are additional correction factors for different regions countries.

The payload is taken into account when ceilings are suspended from trusses or it is planned to install water heating tanks, ventilation devices and other suspended objects.

When designing the truss system of the future roof, attention should be paid to Special attention two main points:

• calculation of the strength of the rafters themselves (you need to make sure that they do not break under the influence of loads);
• calculation of the degree of possible deformation of the rafter system with the selected parameters (for example, the deflection of the rafters used for mansard roofs should not exceed 1/250 of their length).

Do-it-yourself installation of a hipped roof

Before proceeding directly to the installation of the hip roof, it is necessary to process all the wooden parts future design special fire fighting equipment. And at the places of contact of wood with concrete or brickwork lay the rolled insulating material.

Installation is carried out in the following order:

• laying a Mauerlat along the perimeter of the building, which is a support for the entire future system (consists of a bar with a section of 100 x 150 mm or 150 x 150 mm);
• the mauerlat is fastened with studs (threaded from M12 or more) or loops made of durable wire built into the wall;

• installation of a bed (the central beam of the truss system) as a support for struts and racks;
• the central beam is laid on inner wall buildings or on special brick columns that are located on the floor (in some cases on floor slabs);
• strictly vertical installation special racks to support the ridge (the strength of the entire future roof depends on this);
• consolidation ridge beam using a mowing system (be sure to use a plumb line and rail);
• installation of diagonal rafters (precisely from them and from ridge run depends on the height and angle of the roof). In some cases, they have to be assembled from 2 parts, and then - to unload the joint - an additional support is installed under it;

• installation of ordinary rafters is carried out based on a Mauerlat and a ridge beam (like diagonal ones, they can be reinforced with racks or struts) in increments of 600 mm;
• strictly parallel to the ordinary rafters, angular (spreaders) are installed so as to exclude their convergence in one place. The length of the sprigs will decrease as you approach the corners of the slopes;
• the installation of the crate takes place in direct proportion to the selected roof covering (it can be solid or with gaps). Under the crate, bars with a section of 50 x 50 mm or boards with a thickness of 200-250 mm are used;

• laying heat and sound insulation;
• mounting roofing material to the crate with self-tapping screws;
• installation of ridge parts (a long narrow sheet of material that is bent longitudinally at an angle); The main roofing ridge is laid along the upper edge of the roof, secondary between triangular slopes and trapezoidal;
• filing cornices and installing gutters (it is more practical to use an industrial drain system).

Based on the foregoing, it is safe to say that you can make a hipped roof with your own hands in sufficient difficult, but this robust design well worth the effort and investment.

Four-pitched roof: video

Four-pitched roof: photo

A four-pitched roof, also called a hip roof, is the most popular in the construction of individual housing in most European countries. Except, perhaps, Scandinavia, which has a similar climate and building traditions with central and northern Russia. Varangians, as well as East Slavs, preferred to build from solid wood and arrange simple gable roofs. In our time of comprehensive globalization, all branches of human activity, including architecture and construction, are subject to. hip roof country house now fell in love with the inhabitants of the CIS countries and has become an integral part of the landscape of our villages and small towns.

We note the pros and cons of a hipped roof in comparison with the more common and structurally simple gable roof.

Benefits of a hip roof:

• A properly designed and assembled hip roof due to the absence of vertical end walls (gables or gables) has low resistance air currents. Accordingly, nai in the best way resists hurricane winds and is less prone to destruction of the roof in places eaves overhangs(does not have forceps).
• The four-pitched roof, due to the angular ribs converging to the ridge support beam, has a rigid structure and is not subject to any serious deformations.
• The hip roof allows you to build large overhangs on all four sides of the building, thereby protecting the facades from precipitation.
• A four-pitched roof makes a house with an attic visually lower. This is important when a building needs to be built into an existing one-story building without disturbing the balance and character of the building.
• The hip roof is beautiful. Although not everyone agrees with this.

Four-slope roof of a two-story country house. Large overhangs well protect the walls from rain and snow

Hip roof disadvantages:

Another option for integrating full-fledged windows into the roof.

Varieties of a hipped roof

• classic roof with four slopes implies straight, rafters without fractures, corner ribs start from the ridge, all overhangs are at the same height.

  

  The main type of hipped roof. Two end sides have the shape of a triangle, the other two are trapezoids. Large overhangs protect the facade well from precipitation, and you can safely walk around the house in the rain.

• A hipped roof is a type of hipped roof in which all the ribs converge at one central point.

  

  A hipped roof is more suitable for a square house plan.

• The Danish hip roof is a type of four-pitched roof with gables located in the upper part of the short slopes.

  

  Diagram of the truss system of a Danish hipped roof. A small tong at the top of the short slope is used for ventilation or lighting.

• Full vertical windows can be built into the Danish roof.

  

  vertical windows

• Another type of complex Danish hip roof with two slopes at the short end.

  

  This type of roof is called Dutch.

• A half-hip roof (also called a gabled half-hip roof) is actually a type of gable roof, since all the rafter legs resting on the Mauerlat are installed on the long side and parallel to each other.

  

• A broken hipped roof is also called a mansard hip roof. It is more difficult to manufacture, but allows you to take large area for living quarters.

  

  The broken shape of the roof makes it possible to use the attic space more rationally, but it is more expensive

• Sloping hipped roof distinguishing feature traditional architecture of China, Japan and Korea. Only they make a break in the wrong direction to which we are accustomed.

  

• The hip roof can be not only hipped, various combinations are possible different types structures.

  

  Combined type roofs, where the hip and gable construction are combined.



This roof is hipped, but there are many more slopes than four. But the principle by which the truss system is assembled is the same as that of a simple four-pitched one.

Design features of the truss system

Consider how to make a hipped roof on your own, while ensuring its reliability and strength. We choose a simple design with a central support.

Since only part of the rafters in the central sector of the long side have a full length and converge in the ridge zone, not the entire rafter system can be pulled together with puffs - in the hip zone they will not work as in gable roof. In addition, often in the struggle for height attic floor Mauerlat is located significantly higher than the plane of the floor and beams (puffs). Therefore, we will proceed from the fact that in our case, the truss roof system will not use puffs as a structural element. The main load in the center of the roof will be carried by a beam located in the ridge area: it will be supported by slanting and ordinary full-sized rafter legs.

Standard hipped roof construction with support in the ridge area

The ridge support beam must be supported by racks. In order to perceive a fairly solid load from them, in the ideal case, there should be an internal bearing wall. If there is none, the floor beams must be strong enough to support the weight of the central part of the roof. In case the first floor is covered with prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs coverings, their bearing capacity, as a rule, is enough and the support of the rack can be placed on the slabs through a horizontal wooden beam.

It is not necessary that the support should be located in the ridge area. Racks can be placed on the sides of the ridge, that is, there can be two or more support zones located along the ridge.

The photo shows that the skate does not rest on the racks.

The ridge is supported on both sides along the ridge on the racks. In this case, the racks directly support the rafters, the beam was not used. Each rafter beam has its own rack. Pretty solid solution.

A four-pitched roof over a small building can be mounted without racks

With small spans (up to 4 meters), you can do without racks. However, if possible, at least in the areas of intersection of the ridge with the braids, it is worth placing one puff and a rack each.

A small structure is covered without the use of racks or puffs

The truss system of a hipped roof is almost identical to the hip hip roof. Only instead of a ridge beam it is recommended to install a central support. Or arrange a closed support contour of beams and racks.

Variants of the hipped roof truss system. In the diagram on the left, the corner rafter (slope) rests on the truss, a similar solution can be used for all types of hip roofs.

The sequence of installation of a hipped roof

First of all, as in all types of roofs, a Mauerlat is mounted. For frame houses top harness wall panel, for log cabins - the upper crown. As a Mauerlat, a wooden beam with a cross section of 10x10 cm or more is used, more often at least 10x15 or 15x15 cm. It is necessary to strive to ensure that it is solid along the entire length. The fastening of the beam must be given special attention. For stone wall ideal solution will be reinforced concrete monolithic belt in the support zone of the Mauerlat with embedded parts pre-mounted in it (threaded studs from M12 and above). If this is not possible, you will have to fix the studs with metal expansion dowels in the masonry.

Mauerlat mounting scheme in masonry

Mauerlat connections along the length should not be made end-to-end, but in an overlay, with multiple connection points. The corners must be securely connected with metal plates, corners, staples.

The layout of the Mauerlat on the wall. Pay attention to the junction of elements and the connection of corners. On the right, the installation of a beam on a monolithic belt is shown.

The next step is the installation of racks and the installation of the supporting ridge or side beams parallel to it. For racks, as a rule, a beam of 10x10-10x15 cm is chosen, for a beam of a higher section: 8x16, 10x20 and more. The optimal ratio of width to height is 1 / 1.5-1 / 2, then the beam twists less when it dries. The same rule is true for the rafter beam.

The rack and support beam in this case are parallel to the ridge

In frame-panel houses, support beams are often not used, only racks with a rafter pitch are installed. In any case, a beam is placed on the skate, only of a smaller section. You can use ordinary truss element. The skate is supported on temporary racks, which are then removed. The ridge serves as a guide element for mounting the entire structure.

Racks are installed in frame house. After installing the rafters, they are cut at the desired height.

Such a reference contour is placed under hipped roof, it replaces the central support

In the third place, they put corner (sloping) rafters. The loads on them are higher and the cross section should be higher. Although sometimes they prefer to first put the privates of full length, and only then mount the braids. This is unprincipled.

Hip roof truss system wooden frame. In this case, they did without racks at all, instead they pulled upper part rafters with double horizontal ties. It is better to mount the rafters on the wall of the log house on sliding supports.

First, racks and a ridge beam are mounted. The next step is the rafters, ordinary ones are placed. Corner (sloping) rafters are mounted from a bar of the same section as the rest. It is not right. The load on it is much higher and the cross section should be more powerful.

sliding supports - The best decision fastening rafters to the wall for a log house

Then the remaining rafter legs are mounted, including shortened ones. The rafters themselves must be solid, in extreme cases, it is necessary to install linings at least 1.5 meters long at the joint and fix them on both sides at several points. Connections wooden elements can be made with an overlap, using overhead metal plates. In the areas where the rafters are supported on the Mauerlat and beams, support cuts should be made and strong metal elements should be used.

This is how the rafters are attached to the mauerlat and beams

In accordance with the table, you can roughly determine the cross section wooden beam for rafter legs.

For the corner rafter, the value obtained must be increased by at least 1.5 times

The rafter system is ready. Now you need to choose the type of roof and start building a suitable base for it: solid flooring or battens, if necessary, counter-battens and wind protection.

Do-it-yourself hipped roof - quite feasible task, at least for a simple home. General principles for all types of hip roof: the mauerlat must be well fixed and connected at the corners, you need to start from the ridge, the racks need good grounds. It is necessary to ensure reliable support of the roof with a large span and to monitor the reliability of all connections.

The fixation of the elements will be better when using special modern metal fasteners for wood, and it will be easier to work. Of course, you must have at least basic carpentry skills. Having a power tool helps a lot: a drill, a circular saw or a chainsaw. You also need to stock up hand tool: saws, chisels, hammers. You will need measuring devices: carpentry level, plumb line, tape measure, cord.

The aesthetic qualities of the roof play important role in the form of a residential building. But much more important is the reliability and durability of its design. A careful choice of its type and shape will ensure that the roof meets the needs of the developer.

four pitched roofs private houses have excellent indicators of wind resistance. Look the best one-story houses with hip roof, because this type is suitable for buildings with a large area, and gives them solidity. individual feature their complex design is the obligatory presence of auditory and skylights, providing a good level of illumination and natural ventilation. With an equal area of ​​​​a private house, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe hip roof will exceed the area of ​​\u200b\u200ba gable roof. This causes an increase in the cost of its implementation for the developer.

In the Z500 catalog for two-story and one-story houses with an area of ​​​​100 m2, four pitched roofs of hip-type houses are provided. Such houses are popular among developers, so we regularly update the collection with new ones. standard projects. You can buy our projects at prices that are at the average market level of 2017.

If among the ready architectural projects offered in the catalog do not fully meet your requirements, then for a separate payment an original one with a hipped roof can be developed. There may also be a layout of houses with a hipped roof.

Project plans for houses with a hipped roof: features of the roof structure

A roof with four slopes can be hip or hipped. The hipped roof has slopes converging at one point. hip roof consists of two triangular slopes and two trapezoidal, which are connected by means of a ridge beam.

When choosing projects for houses with a hipped roof (photos, videos, drawings, diagrams, sketches can be viewed in this section) for turnkey implementation, it is important to take into account such a factor as the angle of the roof.

Plans for houses with a hipped roof: conditions for choosing the angle of the roof

Since the slope angle allows the roof to drain precipitation freely, it is considered the most significant criterion for safety, practicality and aesthetic characteristics. Its value lies in the range from 15 to 65˚ and depends on:

• Climatic zone of construction. If it involves a large amount of precipitation, then it is advisable to provide a steep roof, the slope of which will be at least 45 °. Less steep slopes are suitable for areas with a dry climate. A sloping roof with an angle of inclination not exceeding 30˚ should be performed for buildings prone to gusty frequent winds.
• Roof covering material. For roll materials a slope angle of 2-25 ° should be provided, when using piece elements - from 15 °, large-sized elements (metal tiles and slate) are laid on slopes with an angle of inclination from 25 °ﹾ.
• The presence of an attic floor. If the layout of projects of houses with a hipped roof provides for the presence of this room of this room, then for comfortable living it is important to correctly choose the slope in it in order to prevent a decrease in the area of ​​​​the attic and the height of its premises in the case of an underestimation of its values, and the organization of a large unused space under the ridge due to its excessive increase. In the case of an attic cottage, the slope of the roof should lie within 38 ° - 45 °. For roof slopes less than 30°, the best option there will be an attic design.

An increase in the angle of inclination of the slopes and, as a result, the need for more materials arises due to an increase in the length of the rafters and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe structure, therefore, the estimate for its construction increases significantly.

The roof is exactly the same. important element at home, like its walls and foundation, and therefore its choice should be taken responsibly. The most practical is the hipped roof, about the drawing and arrangement of which we will tell in much more detail.

Four-pitched roof - is it worth it to use this option?

This type of roof consists of two triangular-shaped slopes and two slopes in the form of a trapezoid. The main feature is that during construction there is no need to equip the front of the roof, due to which the construction process itself is greatly simplified. Any form of roofing has its advantages and disadvantages.

Of course, The main advantage of a four-slope building is external beauty, but improved thermal insulation properties cannot be ignored. The pluses include the fact that the attic when using similar design becomes larger, the main thing is to reduce its lower size. Additional benefits include:

• Functionality, stability and durability;
• High resistance to loads (snow, strong winds, rain);
• Uniform heating of the area, which allows you to maintain a comfortable temperature in the attic.

But, like any building structure, such a roof has its drawbacks. And the most important of them is the complexity of installation due to the rather large weight. Therefore, you definitely cannot do without assistants during installation. Other disadvantages include:

• When erecting such a structure in the northern regions, it is necessary to use insulating materials, which leads to an increase in the cost of work;
• If you are going to build an attic, you will have to spend money on building walls and installing windows.

Varieties of a hipped roof - what to choose?

A four-pitched roof is considered, though the most complex design, but also the most durable, providing scope for the imagination of designers, because with its help you can create a wide variety of designs. Having decided on the type of roof, it will be possible to proceed with its construction.

Roof types:

• Hipped, which is four triangular shapes that converge at one point, due to which a pyramid is formed. Depending on what the base of the roof will be, the shape of the slopes also depends.
• Hip, which belongs to the most complex buildings, is most often used when you are building a rectangular house. It consists of several triangular slopes and two trapezoidal ones. Despite some difficulties during construction, it is this type of roof that is considered the most practical.
• Danish (half-hip), characterized by uneven surfaces that divide the roof plane into several triangles. This design is best suited for buildings built in the northern regions.

Four-pitched roof: drawing, calculation and projects

First we need to carry out design work: we carry out and draw a drawing. Remember about the slope, which varies from 5 ° to 60 °, it all depends on the type of roof, the purpose of the attic and atmospheric loads:

• So, in the northern regions, characterized by strong winds, roofs should be made with a slight slope.
• For heavy loads, the roof should have a slope of 45°-60°.

The choice of material for covering the structure largely depends on this parameter. If the slope is 5°-10°, you should choose asbestos-cement sheets or roll coating, roofing metal selected for a roof with a slope of 14°-60°, a tiled roof is suitable for a slope of 30°-60°. During design work you need to decide which rafters will be used in the construction of the roof - hanging or inclined.

You need to find out if you will need additional elements to maintain the strength of the structure: braces or puffs. The design process allows you to take into account all kinds of loads on the rafters, which include:

• Weight of roofing material;
• The weight of other elements that make up the roofing "pie" (insulation material, steam and waterproofing);
• The amount of precipitation;
• Equipment that is installed on the roof (stairs, dormer windows, aerators).

You must also take into account the slope of the slopes - this will help calculate all the parameters of the rafters. Such a project necessarily includes drawings of rafters, the nodes of their connection with other elements, the location of the crate. If you have such a project on hand, you will be able to calculate the required materials for arranging rafters and roofing.

However, it is worth remembering that any mistake at this stage can lead to negative consequences in the process of purchasing materials, which will lead to additional costs. And if you understand that you cannot do the work yourself, it is best to turn to specialists - they will be able to calculate all the loads and draw up a competent project that will meet all the specified requirements.

Rafter system and hipped roof device

When creating such a structure, slanting (diagonal) rafters are used, which are directed to the corners of the structure. They must be created from double beam, insofar as given type The rafters must be able to withstand a large load due to the weight of the roof. Their other feature is the use of rafters (short rafters), which rest against the rafters - this will allow the structure to withstand even more weight.

If you decide to build a roof and truss system yourself, be sure to calculate the loads, since your entire further work. The following loads can affect the system: the weight of the roof, the weight of the lathing, purlins, as well as loads in the form of snow and wind. For middle lane our country, according to experts, the load is approximately 180 kg per square meter, in winter this figure rises to 450 kilograms.

Please note: during the design of the rafters, you must carry out several calculations, the first of which is aimed at identifying strength, and the second - at determining the degree of their deformation.

Suitable materials:

• Many choose a rectangular bar to create them, either wooden planks, the cross section of which is 5 * 15 * 20 cm. It is best to choose conifers(pines, larch, spruces).
• Steel elements can be used to increase rigidity. Such structures will be much stiffer and stronger than wood systems.
• After installing the structure, we proceed to the manufacture of the crate, for which you need to use wooden boards up to 5 cm wide. The main thing is to make sure that the material is dry and practical, which guarantees its durability.

Before this, a film is laid, thanks to which the roof will be isolated from moisture and steam. It is fastened with a construction stapler. Only after that we can proceed to the arrangement of the roof. The next step is the laying of roofing material, which we will choose based on our preferences and financial capabilities, taking into account, among other things, the strength and shape of the roof. The material is fastened securely and carefully, pay special attention to ensure that snow and rain do not penetrate the roof.

Installation of truss systems

As we have already said, such a roof consists of braces, rafters, support beams and other parts that give the structure rigidity and reliability. To create a roof, you must first install the rafters - the result of all your work depends on this.

Do-it-yourself hipped roof: drawings and photos below.

How a pitched roof is installed

Drawing plan of the truss system

Installation of lathing, vapor barrier, waterproofing

The arrangement of different layers of a hipped roof requires careful attention to each stage of work.

Each stacked layer has its own function, all layers together form a single system which provides protection for the structure.

Laying the crate

crate - wooden structure, consisting of bars located across the rafter legs. The optimal section of the lathing bars is 50x50 mm.

Before installation, the boards of the battens require treatment with antiseptic agents..

The crate is mounted either in a continuous layer or in steps of 100-150 mm (depending on the external coating).

Fasten the crate with nails.

Lathing installation

Vapor barrier installation

A vapor barrier film is installed in order to to prevent moisture from entering the thermal insulation layer. The vapor barrier film is attached to the boards of the crate with an overlapping stapler. Places of overlap are sealed with adhesive tape.

In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the film fits snugly against the boards. In places where pipes or windows are installed, rubber or polyurethane adhesive tapes can be used.

CAREFULLY!

The vapor barrier material should not go around the boards of the battens in order to prevent the formation of places for the accumulation of water.

Water vapor has a high penetrating power, so installation of vapor barrier is a very important stage of work.

Vapor barrier installation

Installation of waterproofing

After installing the insulation, waterproofing is laid. Waterproofing does not let moisture accumulated in the under-roof space inside roofing cake. As well as thermal insulation film, waterproofing is overlapped and the joints are glued.

It is especially important to correctly lay the film in the ridge part.. The ridge area is most prone to accumulation of condensate vapors.

The importance of each stage in the installation of the roof of a hip roof cannot be underestimated, and even more so, the installation of any element should not be abandoned.

Installation of waterproofing

Hip roofs are considered the most durable and durable. They were installed more than a hundred years ago, and such designs have proven to be reliable and durable.

Despite the complexity of the design, you can install it yourself, the main thing is to carry out step by step in a clear sequence each stage of work and choose a quality, reliable material, because the roof should protect the house for more than a dozen years.

Useful video

In this video you will learn how to build a hip roof with your own hands:

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