How to build a reinforced concrete garage. Garage concrete slabs Repair of precast concrete garages

Perhaps, we can say for sure that every car owner sooner or later comes to the idea of ​​building a garage for his car. And rightly so, because the garage is not only able to protect the car from, to put it mildly, not entirely beneficial effects of the external environment, but also from the criminal encroachments of intruders who are eager for someone else's good. In this sense, it is better to have a simple garage than not to have one at all, but the stronger and more reliable the building, the calmer it will be. From this point of view, the best option for storing a car would be a concrete slab garage.

At one time, the construction of a concrete garage was possible only for some segments of the population due to the high cost and low availability of this building material. However, thanks to the development and automation of many technological processes, it became possible to significantly reduce the cost of this category of goods.

Note! Many factories began to produce not only concrete slabs as a building material, but also ready-made products from them. In particular, one of these reinforced concrete products (or simply reinforced concrete products) is a garage.

Types of concrete garages

Produced concrete garages can be divided into two types:

1. Collapsible garages.
2. Monolithic garages.

Each of them has a number of characteristic properties that must be described separately, since in certain situations the same quality can be regarded both as an advantage and act as a disadvantage.

• A prefabricated garage is good because its construction can be done independently, without the involvement of hired specialists. The accompanying documentation usually describes the installation process of the entire structure in as much detail as possible, so that, in fact, the work resembles the assembly of a designer. No special knowledge and skills are required. But at the same time, the installation of garage structural elements is a rather laborious process, in addition, for the installation of, for example, ceiling ceilings, the use of a crane will be required. However, the main advantage of this type of buildings covers all the disadvantages. It lies in the fact that, if necessary, the garage can be disassembled, transported to another place and assembled there. In the event of a move, this opportunity is extremely beneficial, because the prices for buildings of this type are far from small.
• If we consider monolithic garages, then these are ready-made structures that are installed in a given place. This type of garage can be called capital, since special heavy-duty tractors and cranes are used for its transportation and installation, so all work is most often performed by the manufacturers themselves. The specialists who arrived at the place will install the garage box, hang the gate and carry out all related work. This option will be preferable for those who have money, but no time, as it will entail additional costs. In addition, any movement of such a garage will hardly be possible in the future.

Advantages of concrete garages

It is worth noting that no matter what type of building is chosen, a concrete garage will have a number of advantages over similar buildings made from other materials.

• First of all, such a garage will be stronger than any other. Of course, this will only be valid if all the necessary rules for production and assembly or installation work are observed. That is why the issue of choosing a seller of materials should be approached as carefully as possible. It is better to trust large firms.
• From the above, another positive property of a concrete garage follows - the durability of the structure. If high-quality materials were used in the production and all the necessary rules were observed, the garage will last a very long time.
• Due to the fact that concrete is a very common material, in case of any defects, there is always the possibility of repair. For example, if after a while a crack appears on the wall, then it can be repaired quite simply.
• Installation speed. Regardless of the chosen type of garage, its installation is quite fast.

Disadvantages of concrete garages

• The large weight of reinforced concrete slabs, and hence the structure as a whole, which entails the need to build a reinforced foundation. When doing the work yourself, you need to be prepared for the fact that most of them will require the investment of considerable physical effort.
• The relative speed of installation is achieved through the use of special equipment such as cranes, which means there must be enough space for it to work. This circumstance can be quite a serious problem, especially in urban areas.
• It is necessary to carefully monitor the integrity of the waterproofing of the ceilings and the serviceability of the ventilation system of both the basement and the garage itself. And, although this rule can be considered universal for all types of structures, due to the tendency of concrete to form mold, it is especially relevant in garages made from this material.

As for the process of installing a concrete garage, it will differ slightly depending on the type chosen.

prefabricated garage

Work on the assembly and installation of a garage of this type must be carried out in stages. Depending on the chosen standard project, the work will be slightly different. As an example, we can consider the installation of the so-called ZHBI-2 (modular with a floor).

• First of all, you should decide on the installation location. As mentioned above, the use of technology will be required, which should certainly be taken into account.
• Then you can proceed to the installation itself. First, the floor base slabs are laid, which will also perform the bearing functions of the foundation.
• Then the walls of the building are put up. All plates are fixed to each other using special anchor joints.
• A separate structural element is the so-called gate panel. Its installation is carried out after the rest.
• And, finally, a roof of floor slabs is installed on top of the box, which are lighter than others, thanks to special voids inside.
• Next up is the garage door. The most commonly used are simple double-leaf gates, swing type. But other options are also possible.
• The final step is the installation of the roofing. As one of the options, roll materials can be mentioned, for example, the usual roofing material. You can also consider other types of roofs.

Installation of a monolithic garage is more simple from a technological point of view. The finished product is simply installed in the specified place, the gate is hung and roofing is carried out. In addition, the designated works are most often produced by the seller itself, so you should not focus on this issue.

A concrete garage is the best option when you want to build a truly solid, strong, reliable and durable structure for a car, which, moreover, is able to ensure the safety of the vehicle. The modern market is able to offer a decent selection of options for concrete blocks that differ in size, technology and price. The choice is up to the car owner.

Video

This video shows how a reinforced concrete garage is made and installed:

A car is an important attribute in every family. After all, it can quickly overcome long distances, while spending a minimum of effort. But it often happens that there is simply nowhere to leave the car for the winter. In such cases, car owners begin building their own garage.

The best option for construction is an object from reinforced concrete. Reinforced concrete buildings at all times were considered the standard of quality. If we take for comparison the same all-metal garage, then it loses, at least in terms of its practical properties, since it is more susceptible to corrosive influences. The optimal ratio of concrete and metal rods can create a building whose service life will exceed more than one hundred years!

concrete goods garage

As you know, reinforced concrete is a material made of a metal frame into which a concrete solution is poured. For self-construction, you will need special equipment and construction skills. But you can also use a ready-made building, which you just need to deliver to the place and carry out some minor repairs. How else is a prefabricated building different from a monolithic one?

1. First of all, the team is distinguished by its "raw" dimensions. In this case, it means the amount of material for construction. When disassembled, it is much easier to transport it to the required place. But, at the same time, after delivery to the required place, the garage will have to be assembled. Monolithic, on the contrary, is difficult to transport, but much easier to install. All that is required is to pour the foundation in advance and, with the help of special equipment, install a garage.
2. Monolithic is much more reliable, since its design has a cast shape. Moisture, wind, snow and other natural phenomena will not be able to get inside, therefore, they will not cause corrosion either on the car or on parts of the garage.
3. Dimensions. Most often, monolithic garages are limited in size, so they cannot be remade in deviation from GOST. Prefabricated, on the contrary, can be converted to absolutely any size. It is only necessary to purchase a certain amount of material (concrete concrete slabs).
4. The mass of the finished product or raw material. For prefabricated, the mass can be different, since everyone can adjust its dimensions independently. But for monolithic garages, most often there is a GOST, which sets weight limits. A monolithic object is usually lighter than a prefabricated one.

This is not the whole list of differences between prefabricated and cast garages. For each of the models, this list may differ due to its production features.

Slab dimensions

Do-it-yourself construction: where to start

When it has already become clear that the garage will be made of reinforced concrete, then you can proceed directly to the very process of building the facility. There is nothing complicated about this, because the future room consists of slabs, so the construction process will not take much time.

First of all, you need to find a suitable place where the garage will be located. Ideally, the place should meet the following parameters:

• be in an easily accessible place, both for a pedestrian and for a motorist;
• the site must be level, without unnecessary objects and buildings;
• nearby should be electrical equipment or at least power lines.

If this list of requirements is fully met, then it will fit into the general landscape just perfectly.

Then you need to "prepare the ground". To do this, you need to dig a hole about 30 cm deep, which will be slightly larger in size than the future building. The bottom of the pit must also be perfectly level so that the garage is level. Since the prefabricated version has a ready-made floor, it will not be necessary to fill it. But if this is not available in the purchased model, then you will have to fill it yourself, using the same metal structure and concrete.

This algorithm is only suitable for the monolithic version. For the prefabricated, it is necessary to fill in a full-fledged foundation and, on its basis, continue construction.

Important! The best option is the strip foundation. It will not only facilitate the construction process, but also allow the walls of the garage to be in a level position for a long period of time.

Once the construction site is complete, the installation or construction process can begin.

Foundation construction

Construction technology

The technologies for building a monolithic and prefabricated garage are somewhat different from each other, so they should be considered separately.

DIY prefabricated garage

The assembly technology is very simple and accessible even to a non-professional. First of all, as mentioned earlier, it is necessary to prepare the site. When it fully meets all the criteria, you can begin construction.

Foundation pouring

First, the walls are built. They, most often, are presented in the form of a slab of various sizes, and there must be at least 4 of them in the set (the 4th wall is the entrance). In order to quickly and efficiently install walls, you need to use heavy equipment (for example, a small crane). With the help of a crane, the wall is lifted and placed in the right place, where a special cement mortar was previously applied. After touching the foundation, the wall is checked with special tools for an even position relative to the ground and temporarily fixed with props.

finished garage

The remaining walls are installed exactly according to the same principle until the wall touches the foundation. Once the wall has been installed, it must also be propped up and "sewn" to the second wall.

It is sewn with special metal ties that firmly fix the walls to each other. Thus, the whole structure is erected, then a slab is placed on top, which is, in fact, a roof. After that, the entire structure is left for a day, so that the binder component dries up, and you can start sealing cracks, insulation and general arrangement inside the building.

Important! It is necessary to insulate a collapsible garage with the help of special sealants, as well as heaters based on PVC materials. In this case, the garage will always be relatively warm and cozy.

Gate setting

Construction of a monolithic garage

Monolithic, that is, already assembled concrete garage, is much easier to mount. It is only necessary to install it on an already prepared site, and then insulate it. This approach is the simplest, so most car owners purchase precisely assembled (monolithic) garages.

Pros and cons of reinforced concrete garages

Among the advantages, the following points can be distinguished:

• durability;
• practicality and reliability;
• keep the temperature better;
• much less time for construction and installation is required than with brick construction;
• simple construction technology even from scratch.

• expensive materials;
• construction requires special equipment.

Finally

Concrete concrete garage will become a reliable building that can keep the car in its original form and protect it from environmental influences and thieves. But in order for it to be complete, it is still necessary to calculate all the pros and cons, and only then proceed with the direct construction or purchase.

We attribute:

1. Mobility

Bought a garage reinforced concrete products, it will take only a few hours to assemble it; from reinforced concrete slabs - a few days. If it is necessary to transfer it to a new place, there will be no difficulties with this - the garage is easily dismantled and ready for assembly.

2. Variety of options

Today you can buy a garage of any design - factories concrete goods supply a huge number of wall panels with gates, gates, floor slabs, entrances to and.

Such garages can be built in any configuration and size, carrying out your own design in accordance with your operating requirements.

Disadvantages:

1. When constructing prefabricated structures, it is necessary to have special equipment.
2. The built garage cannot be rescheduled.
3. Incorrect transportation of reinforced concrete structures leads to their deformation, worsens their characteristics and complicates assembly, which reduces the operational and technical characteristics of the prefabricated structure.

In this regard, during the construction process, the correct organization of transportation and storage is required. slabs and concrete blocks.

Reinforced concrete garage - photo:

Where is it reasonable to build?

The rules for the construction of objects of this class are specified in the documents: SNiP 30-02-97 and SP 30-102-99.

The regulations state that construction design garages in the basement and basement floors, incl. and attached is allowed without compliance with the standards.

SNIP regulates only that outbuildings should be located one meter from the boundaries of the site and the distance between adjacent buildings with combustible floors should be at least 10 meters.

If a country house is being built, then reinforced concrete garage built under the house, there are noticeable advantages:

• at least one hundred square meters of land is saved for other needs;
• the car can be freely put in and taken out of the garage without disturbing the household;
• the necessary things and tools are constantly in the house, even in winter;
• this construction option is not more expensive than building a separate garage.

If you choose a garage as annex, then, of course, the main issue will be its reliability, functionality and convenience; in other words, price-quality.

With reliability, everything is clear - the stronger the garage, the better. But its construction will cost a fairly significant amount. Purchase, delivery, invitation of workers. On the other side reliability and durability.

If you are planning to live in a country house or in a garden, then the construction reinforced concrete garage is a justified decision. But for paperwork, you still have to stand in queues, which can take more than one month.

A metal garage costs about $1,000, and additionally, its construction will require the cost of delivering materials and the cost of a foundation tape (small). The construction will take a short time, you will get an excellent solution that protects the car from the sun and rain, in principle this is enough in the country.

Attention: The advantage of a metal garage is that there is no need to finish the walls, conduct water and a garage. A garage in a garden or summer cottage is primarily an automobile shelter.

If you need a place to store tools for the garden, the device in the garage of a small shelving will solve the problem. An inspection pit is also not required, this is an additional savings, since it will not require waterproofing costs.

If the cottage or garden is not a place of permanent residence, but only a personal plot with a holiday home, then this option is optimal due to its economy.

Factories reinforced concrete products make various options for garages in size and weight, depending on the model. The weight of a reinforced concrete garage varies between 10 and 17 tons. The set includes a concrete floor and a gate.

Reinforced concrete garage size:

Building

The important point here is the choice places and project construction. If earlier prefabricated reinforced concrete garages were built on the spot - it was poured, reinforcement was knitted, formwork was made, concrete was poured and everything was thoroughly rammed, then the labor intensity, time and price of such a garage was quite high.

Modern technology has become much easier. Purchase of a prefabricated structure at the factory concrete goods reduces costs by about half. Such a garage made of concrete slabs is designed for simple assembly, detailed instructions are attached to it. Even the owners of the garage themselves can assemble it without the help of builders.

Assembly steps:

• basement panels are installed (if provided);
• floor slabs are installed;
• garage walls are being assembled;
• the gate panel is installed;
• floor panels are installed (hollow);
• roof is installed.

Work will require lifting mechanisms. The plates are fastened with anchor bolts and brackets. To install the gate, you will need a welding machine. The advantage is that there is no need for finishing work inside and outside the garage.

For insulation of a collapsible concrete garage, it is usually used Styrofoam. This eliminates the need for internal heating.

The foam is attached to the solution to the outer walls of the garage, plastic dowels are also used to secure it.

After that, a network of plaster is applied, recessed into the glue, which is applied to the foam.

At the final stage, putty is applied, and if necessary, paint is applied.

Waterproofing It is applied to any garage bases. It is installed at a height 15-25 cm from ground level to prevent moisture from penetrating the walls.

Waterproofing is divided into horizontal and vertical.

Horizontal done using roofing felt, adhesive on heated bitumen in 2 layers. It is used in basementless garages, it is done around the entire perimeter of the garage along the foundation edge (its upper edge), but above ground level (mandatory).

If the garage has one, in addition to the main one, protection against capillary moisture is applied. For this it serves vertical waterproofing at the level of the bottom of the foundation under the outer walls. It is also arranged on the outer edges of the outer walls of the basement. For these purposes, the edges are leveled with cement and bitumen.

If the ground waters are above the basement floor, the basement should be protected closed shell performed continuously.

The basement floor over the water insulation is made of cement or concrete.

It is made from biostable coatings and water-resistant impregnations.

The wood is impregnated 2-3 times with heated mixtures with an interval of a day. After drying, the tree can be painted. The tree is painted with oil paints, paints with rubber are also good, they paint any surface.

Important: It is better to make a viewing hole if the groundwater does not rise too high.

If, nevertheless, a viewing hole is planned, it is recommended to place it outside the permanent parking of the car or make cover to close the hole.

Heat precast concrete garage central heating is quite expensive and inefficient. Electric heating is more efficient. There are many ways, in our time there are many devices and auxiliary devices that regulate the temperature and operating time of electrical appliances.

What devices can be used for heating finished concrete garage:

• electric heating boiler;
• thermal convector;
• underfloor heating system;
• infrared heating.

Auxiliary devices for heating:

• socket timer (controls heating by time);
• thermostat sensor (holds the set temperature in the room).

Finishing outside and inside

flat roofs covered with roofing felt, glass or euroslate. It's cheap, simple, easy to do, and these materials provide good water protection. But they fall into disrepair through 5-10 years, have low resistance to damage.

pitched roofs covered with galvanized sheets, metal tiles, profiled sheets or slate. Materials do not deteriorate for a long time, are durable and hold heat well, are resistant to temperature changes and are also fire resistant. Them minus- Higher price and difficult to install.

If the garage is used in winter and is heated, its roof must be insulate.

Wall decoration:

Finishing modern prefabricated garages carried out either with cement plaster or decorating materials, such as a block house, siding, artificial stone.

Ceiling waterproofed with special compounds for these works (for example, Hydrotex-U), used for sealing seams, joints and cracks. After that, a fiberglass tape is glued to problem areas, and a primer from a penetrating solution is applied to the entire ceiling. Next are already underway finishing.

Three rules of work:

• finishing is carried out with fireproof and chemically resistant materials;
• materials should not get too dirty, absorb odors and should be easy to wash;
• materials that are highly resistant to damage must be used.

In conclusion:

Concrete garages are simple and reliable, they durable and also warmer than their brick counterparts. Their disadvantage may be some uniformity and higher price. They also have an advantage in price over monolithic concrete ones. And if the financial issue is not a priority when building a car dwelling, a garage made of concrete blocks will serve you. a very long time.

For the construction of a garage measuring 4x6 m, concrete columns and slabs from an eurofence are required. We did not have to order plates, as we have our own workshop for the production of plates. You need to order slabs and posts, according to the dimensions of the selected garage. The place should be convenient for car entry and exit. It is also necessary to coordinate with the neighbors so that they do not have any inconvenience.

If a place has been chosen for the construction of a garage, and you have agreed on everything, it remains to find a reputable company in your city and order the material. Eurofence plates must be smooth, without pores. As a result of moisture ingress, water penetrates into the pores and in case of frost turns into ice. Therefore, there is a risk of destruction of the plate. The standard plate has a size of 200x50x4, weight not less than 70 kg. The slabs must have proper reinforcement, which, unfortunately, can only be checked on site. Without reinforcement, the quality of the plates is low, and the strength and reliability are naturally reduced.

We installed a garage near the house. Everything is shown in the photos. Initially, concrete pillars were installed around the perimeter of the garage, after which they were poured with cement mortar. Installation is quick and easy. Such a garage can be easily dismantled and installed elsewhere. Each span consists of four slabs, 2 m high. Then they prepared the forest, installed it on the slabs and reinforced the moisture-resistant plywood. On plywood, you can mount soft tiles, flooring, slate, whatever you want. We built the garage literally in a day, provided that the plates and material are already ready. At least it looks nice and the car is not on the street. Our photo of the garage from the eurofence.

A reinforced concrete garage is a solid structure for storing and servicing various types of vehicles. The technical characteristics of reinforced concrete make structures reliable, durable, heat-saving and relatively inexpensive. It is possible to build a concrete building with your own hands (with some help from equipment and people). The easiest and fastest option is to purchase a ready-made structure and install it in the desired location.

Varieties

The structure of reinforced concrete material is presented in two forms:

• monolithic;
• team.

This type of reinforced concrete structures is very popular among motorists. Its installation does not take much time and effort. Companies that sell precast concrete garages also offer installation (or dismantling) services. The company transports the concrete object to the desired location, assembles it (within one hour) at the construction site.

The building is of several types:

• structure, which is assembled and installed on the system. site;
• finished object (assembled at the factory, transported to the customer).

In the second case, the main parameters of the structure are determined by factory standards. Customers who want to connect the structure with the house (place it in the basement or make it part of the first floor) resort to the first option, place an order, and agree on the dimensions. In this case, the price may differ both in one direction and in the other. This will depend on the complexity of the building, its size, installation time and other things. Each company has catalogs of services with a description of prices and all the details of the process. Check out the details: do you need a viewing hole, floor, cellar, etc.

Some firms call such structures “mini-constructors”. Parts of such structures are created separately from each other. The smallest details are taken into account, so that when all the details are in the right location, installation does not take much time. In the catalogs of companies, you can look at previously made and possible models of such garages. Some of them do not require the intervention of specialists. Thus, you can save on the services of builders.

Reinforced concrete structures are built from:

• concrete blocks;
• wall panels (additionally, plates are used to cover the space).

In the latter case, the kit includes all the tools (as a set) for installing the building. The main advantage that such a garage has is variety. Blocks or panels can be customized to any size required by the customer. Such constructions best meet the operational requirements and desires of customers. You can create a building from cellars, a whole garage park or a workshop. Inside, you can easily place a viewing hole or additional rooms for employees or craftsmen.

Dimensions

Solid blocks are made in the following sizes:

• 2.40x5 m;
• 48x2 m;
• 1.9x2.8 (for garages with a gate opening).

The wall thickness is from 80 to 120 mm. The value must correspond to the thickness of the rib and is calculated separately for each block. Such a garage can be built absolutely any size. Consider an example of building a garage for one place. For construction, panels of given sizes are used: length 5-6 m; width 4 m; height 2.3-2.6 m. If such parameters do not satisfy the needs of the customer, a special design is purchased. They are presented in different sizes and greatly facilitate the construction process.

Advantages and disadvantages

Consider the good and bad sides of solid concrete buildings. Advantages:

• it is possible to build according to an individual plan;
• the possibility of dismantling;
• reliability and durability, such reinforced concrete structures are installed “once and for all”.

Disadvantages:

• the construction process takes several days;
• in order to speed up the construction, the use of special equipment is required, and this is an additional cost;
• redevelopment is not possible;
• at the time of repair, you should find a room for storing building materials;
• size restrictions.

The situation is a little better with reinforced concrete structures, which are made separately. Advantages:

• a large selection of tiles;
• you can purchase already finished materials, which will reduce the repair time;
• erection will take about 4-6 hours;
• the possibility of dismantling;
• You can use the concrete room one hour after installation.

Disadvantages:

• Blocks can be deformed if stored and used improperly.

Technology

For prefabricated garages

Consider the features of the construction of buildings of this type. After buying such a structure, the factory issues special instructions if you decide to do the installation process yourself. It describes all the necessary steps to build a solid building. Once the foundation is in place, construction can begin. Main stages:

• carry out the installation of floor plates;
• assemble and install side panels;
• install the back wall of the garage;
• fix the installed panels;
• swipe (it is desirable that the gate be metal);
• install floor slabs;
• arrange the roof.

To fasten the blocks, use the brackets. Welding work is not carried out. You can choose the finish, color and design yourself. We recommend that you level the surface with plaster. This will immediately give the garage a well-groomed and aesthetic appearance.

For the installation of buildings made of concrete of this type, the help of lifting equipment is required. The gate can be installed without welding. Main stages:

• Obtain permission to erect a one-piece building from the appropriate authorities. It is impossible to start construction without receiving a special document.
• After purchase, the factory will provide you with special instructions. Follow her advice and get great results.
• Equip the foundation (the best option is a strip foundation).
• Install the plates in the trench, fasten together, waterproof.
• Solve the problem with ventilation (it is better to choose natural).