Projects of combined houses made of bricks and timber: the comfort of wood, the strength and reliability of stone. Types of combined houses made of stone and wood: design and construction Buy a combined house

The combination of materials is a favorite pastime of designers; in capital construction it is used to solve important practical problems. A competent combination of the physical qualities of stone and wood in the load-bearing walls of the building gives the developer a tangible gain in cost and comfort.

It is these two factors that have made houses made of combined materials popular and widespread in modern suburban construction.

What combinations are reasonable and permissible in the construction of such a structure?

Most often, stone is chosen for the walls of the first floor (brick, monolithic concrete, aerated concrete or expanded clay blocks). The second floor is built from round logs or glued beams.

It should be noted that combinations of different wall materials can also affect the exterior finish. A combined house allows you to use any options for facade decoration: the brick walls of the first floor can be finished with a blockhouse, insulated using the “ventilated facade” technology.

The second frame floor can be ennobled with decorative plaster or stone tiles. As an example, we suggest you consider the photo below.

Looking at such a house, you will not be able to unequivocally answer the question of what its load-bearing walls are built from. Although the combined technology of building walls is also used here. The first floor of this building is brick, lined with siding. The second is a wooden frame finished with ceramic tiles.

Constructive options for combined houses

Despite the variety of facade decor, the construction of combined houses must comply with the main principle: 1st floor stone 2nd floor wood. It provides the building with the necessary strength and creates conditions for comfortable living on the second floor. Another problem solved by the combination of materials is to reduce the labor intensity and cost of construction.

Those who do not want to spend extra money on exterior decoration act wisely. The combination of stone and wood is optimal not only from constructive considerations, but also from the standpoint of aesthetics. Therefore, do not hide behind the finish what looks perfect in itself.

An example is a mansion built in a deliberately rough combination of natural stone and logs. It fully complies with the canons of country style.

From the harsh mountainous terrain, it leads its pedigree, invented by alpine shepherds. It also used the idea of ​​combining durable stone and warm wood.

Life in the mountains requires maximum reliability and functionality. Therefore, the first level of the chalet is always built from solid rock, which is not afraid of snow blockages, rockfalls and water. The second floor is designed to create comfort and coziness. For these purposes, there is no better material than natural wood.

The "generic sign" of all buildings built in the chalet style is wide roof overhangs that protect the walls from heavy rains and melting snowdrifts.

Modern combined houses made of stone and wood are extremely diverse, since the choice of wall materials is very wide. If you are not satisfied with a torn stone or a flat limestone "flagstone", then build the first floor from. They are strong enough and at the same time as warm as natural wood.

When preparing for construction, do not forget that houses made of foam blocks and wood require a reliable connection between the first and second floors. Cellular concrete is a rather fragile material. Therefore, it will not hold the steel anchors that fix the second level support beam.

A competent solution for such a design is pouring a monolithic reinforced concrete belt along the foam block walls. It increases the spatial rigidity of the building and allows you to securely fix the anchor bolts.

The appearance of the foam block wall is not very expressive. Therefore, it is better to sew it up with a blockhouse or siding, laying a vapor barrier and a layer of mineral wool insulation behind the facade cladding.

For the combined construction of a cottage, you can use. They are stronger than foam concrete, not so fragile and very warm. Finishing wood concrete walls is not laborious, since any decorative plaster adheres perfectly to them.

The second floor can be built from planed timber. This material retains heat well in a residential floor and does not require finishing cladding.

If you need a three-level combined house of brick and timber, then build it according to this scheme: the basement technical floor is monolithic reinforced concrete, the first level is a brick, the second is a frame or log house.

Speaking about the frame version of the walls of the second floor, we note that it will not only save you money, but also allow you to flexibly change the internal layout, adapting it to family needs.

You can hide the frame of the second floor behind the finish. Another interesting option is to specifically highlight it, turning it into an element of facade decor. Fachwerk is best suited for this - an old frame system in which posts, beams and cross braces open onto the facade.

A serious problem of all cottages is dampness on the first floor. The combined house solves it simply and functionally. The lower floor is reserved for utility rooms. Here you can equip a boiler room, a bathhouse, a workshop and a garage. Bedrooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms, playrooms and a kitchen are located on the second, drier floor.

A combined house and a combined facade are not the same thing!

As we have already said, a combination of different wall materials is the main feature of a combined building. In contrast, the combined facade of the house can be used on any residential building.

For example, having built a cottage from insulated sandwich panels, you can easily “disguise” it as a stone one. To do this, you can use ceramic tiles, sandstone, porcelain stoneware or rustic plaster. If ordinary, rather than face bricks are used for laying walls, then a “combi-facade” will also be appropriate.

The photo shows a house built of brick and timber. Obviously, the nondescript brickwork will need additional finishing. It does not have to be decorated "under the stone." It is enough to fill the blockhouse along the guides and your house will be completely “wooden”. Another option is a combination of semicircular false logs on the first floor and glued beams on the second.

Pros and cons of the combination idea

Having noted the main advantages of combined buildings: economy, planning flexibility, aesthetics and functionality, we will point out the disadvantages of such buildings.

The main one is the different time of "life" of stone and wood.. In rocks, it reaches 150 years. The tree, at best, will last half a century. For a light frame and shield walls, this period will be even less. Therefore, the moment will inevitably come when the first stone floor is still quite strong and reliable, and the walls of the second are already in need of repair.

Since the combined country houses in Russia are still quite young, there is no negative experience of different aging rates of wall materials. Therefore, the reviews of their owners are mostly positive.

Summing up, we advise everyone who has decided to build a combined cottage not to forget about the different service life of the first and second floors. To extend the life of the walls, buy well-dried and antiseptic wood, and trust the assembly of the frame to experienced professionals, not shabashniki.

For a wooden frame, a well-assembled drainage system is required to prevent moisture from entering the tree. In addition, at the construction stage, constant quality control of sealing of all cross sections of wooden posts and beams is required.

When choosing a material for the construction of a private house or cottage, they often stop at combined options. Quite popular today can be called houses made of foam blocks and wood. They hold heat well and look great on the outside. Such buildings have certain advantages, they also have some disadvantages. Therefore, before choosing a particular project, it is better to first familiarize yourself with all the pros and cons of such buildings, as well as the features of their construction.

Today you can find quite a lot of convenient standard projects of houses and wood. Most often these are two-story buildings. The first floor, as a rule, is erected from foam concrete, and the second - from wood. Such structures have high thermal insulation qualities, are quite durable and are a relatively inexpensive option.

Advice. Such material as foam concrete is hygroscopic. Therefore, to protect the walls made of foam concrete blocks, further external finishing will be required, which slightly increases the total cost of construction. And this must be taken into account when planning your expenses for building a house.

On the ground floor of a building made of foam blocks and natural wood, there is usually a kitchen, a bathroom and various technical rooms. For the construction of the walls of the upper floor, where the bedrooms and other living quarters will be located, a bar or other similar material is used. This allows you to create in your home that special atmosphere that can only be achieved with the use of natural wood.

You can also find other projects of such combined houses, for example, when an extension of foam concrete blocks adjoins a wooden building, which will house the necessary technological premises. After viewing the same photos and videos of various options for houses made of foam blocks and wood, you may want to either completely abandon the standard project, or make only some of your changes to it. But for this it is better to contact a specialist.

Foam concrete and wood: the advantages of combined houses

Structures made of foam blocks and wood are a convenient, reliable and relatively low-cost option for building housing. Foam concrete blocks are quite light in weight and large in size. Due to this, the walls of the building can be erected in a fairly short time. There are other advantages of combining materials in the construction of a private house, namely:

• the use of foam concrete allows the use of lightweight types of foundation, which significantly reduces the cost of building your own house and simplifies the overall work;
• these buildings are more reliable in terms of fire safety, since foam concrete is not a combustible material;
• the shrinkage of such houses is much less than that of those made entirely of wood material, which means that interior finishing work can begin almost immediately after construction is completed;
• wood is used only for the construction of the second floor. The wooden structures of the house do not come into contact with snowdrifts and soil. They will be less susceptible to rotting, the sudden appearance of a fungus, attacks by some insect pests of wood;
• the cost of combined building projects is usually lower than that of houses made entirely of wood.

Such structures also have certain disadvantages. Among them, the following two disadvantages can be distinguished, which relate to foam concrete:

• the need to finish the facade of the first floor of the building, since the foam concrete material absorbs moisture quite well;
• foam concrete blocks are, although a durable material, but rather fragile.

Attention! For the reliability of the structure during the construction of a building from foam blocks and wood, a reinforcing belt for floors is mandatory.

Choice of wood material

Foam concrete is not too expensive building material. But the choice of one or another wood material can significantly increase or decrease the overall cost of building a building. For the construction of the upper floor of the house, you can take various types of timber, a rounded log, or use a frame base and OSB boards.

The most durable and reliable is glued laminated timber. It is durable and looks great on the outside. But this material has a rather high cost. Its use for the construction of the second floor of a household significantly increases the overall cost of its construction.

Massive profiled timber is cheaper than a glued counterpart. It is of good quality and meets all standards, although it is somewhat inferior to glued laminated timber in some respects. And the most economical option is the use of raw timber, which is low in cost, as well as the use of frame technology.

Houses made of stone and wood appeared a long time ago. Currently, such houses are becoming more and more popular in.

- this is usually where the first floor is brick or stone, and the second floor is wooden.

The project of a two-story house made of stone and wood

To build it, use or. Each floor has its own distinctive features. They can be characterized as follows:

1. First floor. It is characterized as a practical building. It is quite strong and stable, well suited for placing a bathroom, kitchen in it.
2. Second floor. Very warm and comfortable floor, ideal for living. Very well suited for the location in it of bedrooms, an office.

Wood and stone - their description and properties

Both types of these building materials have their advantages and disadvantages:

The combination of these two materials solves many practical problems, and also helps to compensate for the disadvantages of one material, while emphasizing the advantages of the other.

Advantages and disadvantages of combined houses

Houses built of wood in combination with brick, like all other buildings and structures, have both their pluses and minuses. The advantages of a combined house include the following indicators:

The disadvantages of combined buildings include such a significant minus as the different service life of wood and stone. The wooden walls are habitable for half a century. If the walls were built from shields or in the form of a frame, then their service life will be significantly reduced.

Therefore, after a certain period of time, the moment still comes when the first brick floor is still strong and reliable, and the second wooden floor is already in need of repair.

In order to extend the life of a tree, it is necessary for construction to choose only high-quality, well-dried and. And also it is necessary to think over the drainage system from the walls. At each stage of construction, monitor the tightness of all sections on the racks and beams of the building.

The main advantage of combined projects is the combination of different wall materials, from which their best characteristics and properties are taken. Simply put, these houses are more comfortable to live in than completely stone houses, and more reliable than completely wooden houses.

The lower, stone floor usually has a garage, a boiler room, a swimming pool or sauna, a kitchen, a pantry and a laundry room. Thus, these rooms are not exposed to moisture and fire. However, concrete lacks a comfortable feeling of warmth and naturalness. This minus is solved by building a combined project, in which the second floor is designed from wooden wall material, which gives comfort and a healthy atmosphere. The upper, wooden floor is a living area with bedrooms, a nursery, an office for work. As you know, the tree "breathes" because it has pores and allows air to pass through. Resting and sleeping in a tree is much more pleasant and easier than in concrete.

The basis of a combined house is usually made:

• brick
• building blocks (gas blocks, foam block, wood concrete, kerakam, expanded clay block)
• monolith
• a natural stone

The second and subsequent floors are designed from:

• timber - ordinary, glued, profiled
• log - planed or rounded
• frame technology with wood-like cladding
• from sip panels - also with wood grain finish

An excursion into the history of combined projects

The combination of stone and wood has been used in the construction of houses for a very long time, both in Russia and abroad. Initially, the basis for this method of construction was the chalet style, common among the inhabitants of the mountain Alps. A stone base was necessary for the house to sit firmly on the slopes of the mountains, and to withstand snow and wind. The residential top was built of wood, had wide roof overhangs to protect from rain, which is currently the "calling card" of this architectural style.

In our country, stone and wood houses were quite popular with merchants, wealthy artisans and kulaks. The lower stone floors were used by merchants as warehouses and shops, and by artisans as workshops. The second wooden floor was used as residential. Such combined houses were cheaper than completely stone ones, and were more durable than completely wooden ones, due to the elevation of the wooden part above the ground, it was protected from flooding and less prone to fires. Solid benefit!

Design features of combined houses

As previously mentioned, the main feature of combined projects is the symbiosis of the strength of the stone of the ground floor and the lightness of the wood of the upper floors. Of course, one cannot do without a good foundation, but its load will be less in the case of designing and building two floors from stone at once. And since the foundation is usually 25% of the total price of the house, you can save quite a decent amount on it. Unlike blocks, the wood on the second floor will not require a global finish, except for priming and painting, so you can save even at this stage.

Combined houses do not require a long time to shrink. These houses can be occupied immediately after the completion of the basic construction - having finished only the lower, stone floor. The wooden part, as in ordinary wooden houses, will shrink up to 1.5-2 years, so it is not recommended to do the finishing and immediately move in.

Savings on the construction of combined projects can also be obtained on thermal insulation, because, unlike a completely stone house, a combined one requires less thermal insulation. It is also not required to treat the entire house with an antiseptic, unlike a completely wooden house.

The tree is removed from the ground, and therefore from the effects of moisture. From stone building materials, you can safely build such premises as a boiler room, a bathroom - even with a sauna, even with a pool, a living room with a fireplace. As a result, the customer of the combined project for a small price will receive a competent, technologically advanced building, the materials of which are used exactly for their own purposes.

A pleasant and unusual appearance is guaranteed if you choose a combined house project. A log or timber looks aesthetically pleasing and soundly, and the decoration of the first floor made of artificial stone or plaster will give respectability to the appearance. The specialists of our company can decorate the facades either as a whole, or by preserving an unforgettable combination of wood and stone!

The main advantage of combined projects is the combination of different wall materials, from which their best characteristics and properties are taken. Simply put, these houses are more comfortable to live in than completely stone houses, and more reliable than completely wooden houses.

The lower, stone floor usually has a garage, a boiler room, a swimming pool or sauna, a kitchen, a pantry and a laundry room. Thus, these rooms are not exposed to moisture and fire. However, concrete lacks a comfortable feeling of warmth and naturalness. This minus is solved by building a combined project, in which the second floor is designed from wooden wall material, which gives comfort and a healthy atmosphere. The upper, wooden floor is a living area with bedrooms, a nursery, an office for work. As you know, the tree "breathes" because it has pores and allows air to pass through. Resting and sleeping in a tree is much more pleasant and easier than in concrete.

The basis of a combined house is usually made:

• brick
• building blocks (gas blocks, foam block, wood concrete, kerakam, expanded clay block)
• monolith
• a natural stone

The second and subsequent floors are designed from:

• timber - ordinary, glued, profiled
• log - planed or rounded
• frame technology with wood-like cladding
• from sip panels - also with wood grain finish

An excursion into the history of combined projects

The combination of stone and wood has been used in the construction of houses for a very long time, both in Russia and abroad. Initially, the basis for this method of construction was the chalet style, common among the inhabitants of the mountain Alps. A stone base was necessary for the house to sit firmly on the slopes of the mountains, and to withstand snow and wind. The residential top was built of wood, had wide roof overhangs to protect from rain, which is currently the "calling card" of this architectural style.

In our country, stone and wood houses were quite popular with merchants, wealthy artisans and kulaks. The lower stone floors were used by merchants as warehouses and shops, and by artisans as workshops. The second wooden floor was used as residential. Such combined houses were cheaper than completely stone ones, and were more durable than completely wooden ones, due to the elevation of the wooden part above the ground, it was protected from flooding and less prone to fires. Solid benefit!

Design features of combined houses

As previously mentioned, the main feature of combined projects is the symbiosis of the strength of the stone of the ground floor and the lightness of the wood of the upper floors. Of course, one cannot do without a good foundation, but its load will be less in the case of designing and building two floors from stone at once. And since the foundation is usually 25% of the total price of the house, you can save quite a decent amount on it. Unlike blocks, the wood on the second floor will not require a global finish, except for priming and painting, so you can save even at this stage.

Combined houses do not require a long time to shrink. These houses can be occupied immediately after the completion of the basic construction - having finished only the lower, stone floor. The wooden part, as in ordinary wooden houses, will shrink up to 1.5-2 years, so it is not recommended to do the finishing and immediately move in.

Savings on the construction of combined projects can also be obtained on thermal insulation, because, unlike a completely stone house, a combined one requires less thermal insulation. It is also not required to treat the entire house with an antiseptic, unlike a completely wooden house.

The tree is removed from the ground, and therefore from the effects of moisture. From stone building materials, you can safely build such premises as a boiler room, a bathroom - even with a sauna, even with a pool, a living room with a fireplace. As a result, the customer of the combined project for a small price will receive a competent, technologically advanced building, the materials of which are used exactly for their own purposes.

A pleasant and unusual appearance is guaranteed if you choose a combined house project. A log or timber looks aesthetically pleasing and soundly, and the decoration of the first floor made of artificial stone or plaster will give respectability to the appearance. The specialists of our company can decorate the facades either as a whole, or by preserving an unforgettable combination of wood and stone!