How many daytime seedlings of cabbage are planted in the ground. Buying quality seeds
Cabbage is considered to be one of the oldest cultivated crops. Today it is represented by about ten varieties, and those, in turn, consist of varieties different terms maturation. Cold resistance, high yield, wide use in cooking and "compliance" are the reasons why cabbage is on a par with potatoes and tomatoes in terms of its importance. However, it is worth noting that some gardeners do not adhere to the timing of planting this crop at all, but prefer to plant everything at once.
But it is early cabbage that gives us the opportunity to receive vitamins and microelements already in the middle of summer. And if you grow it in seedlings, then the ripening time due to this will come even faster.
It can hardly be considered an advantage of early varieties high yield, and about storage in winter period in this case, there can be no question. But in almost every garden you can find a small piece of land allocated for several early heads of cabbage. After all, no one can refuse the pleasure of trying the first salad in the middle of summer.
The most common varieties that ripen in 100-120 days include:
If you grow them through seedlings, then you can bring the ripening time closer by a few more weeks, in connection with which seedling method prefers most of gardeners.
Features of seedling cultivation
In fact, all varieties of cabbage are grown using seedlings using the same technology, and the differences may lie only in unimportant nuances. But regardless of whether early varieties or late ones, work begins with the preparation of seeds: they need to be sorted, then pickled, that is, soaked in hot water for about twenty minutes, then another two - in the cold. At the end, the seeds should be thoroughly dried.
Important information! Only seeds of “own” production need dressing, while grains purchased in a store do not need to be prepared, because the manufacturer himself has already done this.
When to plant early cabbage for seedlings?
If we talk about the differences between varieties of cabbage, then do not forget that seeds should be sown only taking into account the climatic characteristics of the region and individual characteristics. specific type culture. Sowing seeds must be done for a certain period of time, after which the seedlings can be transplanted into open ground. Thus, the timing of sowing will look something like this.
Table. How many days before transplanting do you need to plant cabbage
| Name of varieties | Transplant time (in days) |
|---|---|
| 45 to 60 |
| 30 to 35 |
| 30 to 50 |
| 35 to 45 |
| 45 to 50 days |
Based on this information, it is possible to determine the approximate timing of sowing. planting material.
- Early varieties of red and white cabbage should be sown from 10 to 25 March.
- For broccoli and cauliflower optimum time for sowing is the period from the last days of March to the beginning of June. Tellingly, here several crops should be made at once, and the interval between them should be 15-20 days.
- Savoy cabbage is best planted from the second half of December to April, with early varieties planted first.
- The best time to sow Brussels sprouts Mid to end of April is considered.
- Finally, they start planting kohlrabi cabbage in early March, so you can get early greens. Although, if desired, this process can be continued until the end of April.
Now, having familiarized yourself with the theory, you can start practicing, that is, planting cabbage for seedlings.
The procedure for sowing and growing seedlings
Regardless of the type of cabbage chosen and the specific sowing time, you must take the time to pre-prepare the soil. It is important that the soil is loose and permeable, therefore, in without fail make sure that there is sand in it, sod land and peat.
In addition, decide in advance whether you will resort to picking or try to avoid such an event that is so traumatic for the root system of young seedlings. It is worth noting that the technology of both methods is almost the same, and the differences are only in minor nuances.
Method one. Using picks
The algorithm of actions in this case should look something like this.
Step one. Take a large deep box and fill it with pre-prepared soil mixture. Carefully level the surface of the soil, then water it.
Step two. Make shallow furrows. Place seeds in these furrows early cabbage, while maintaining a step between them of about one to two centimeters.
Step three. Sprinkle planting material a small amount soil, then lightly tamp it down. Place the crate on a sunny windowsill, try to keep the room temperature between 18-20 degrees.
Step Four. When the first shoots erupt (and this usually happens about five days after sowing), lower the temperature to 8-9 degrees.
Step Five. After another two weeks, dive the seedlings into small individual containers measuring about 7x7 centimeters. Remove the seedlings along with the soil, while trying not to damage the young roots.
Step Six. For several days, keep the seedlings at a temperature of about 17-18 degrees, then you can reduce this figure to 10-12 (at night) and 13-14 degrees (during the day).
Important information! Do not forget that cabbage seedlings are extremely demanding on lighting, so caring for them should include, among other things, additional lighting. In open soil, additional lighting is not required, which makes the task much easier.
Method two. Without using picks
Essentially, no essential features in terms of sowing or conditions, there are none here, because all this is identical to the previous method. The only difference is that seedling containers with cassettes should be used as containers for planting, or, alternatively, peat / coconut tablets, inside which seeds will be sown.
In the absence of such a container, a simple box is quite suitable, which will need to be divided inside into “compartments” using any partitions.
And in the process of caring for seedlings of early cabbage, you should:
- observe the thermal / light regime;
- periodically ventilate the room with seedlings;
- water sparingly when upper layer the soil will dry out;
- harden seedlings before planting in the garden.
Video - How to sow cabbage for seedlings
Transplanting cabbage seedlings
Any experienced gardener he will say that it is possible to grow this crop in one place for a maximum of two or three years, after which the site should “rest” for about five years.
If speak about predecessors of cabbage then the best ones are:
- tomatoes;
- potato;
- beets;
- beans;
- cucumbers.
Choose a well-lit garden area for planting. Do not forget that the plant responds well to organic type dressings - add them to spring time, and even in the first year (if we are talking about early types) or in the second (if about later ones).
The planting scheme itself depends on the particular variety and should look something like this.
- Early red and white varieties should be planted according to the scheme of 30x40 centimeters.
- As for Savoy cabbage, for it this indicator should correspond to 70-50 (late / medium varieties) and 70x30 centimeters (early).
- Broccoli should be planted according to the 40x60 scheme (to grow side shoots) or 20x50 centimeters (to grow heads).
- For early varieties of kohlrabi, a scheme of 25x35 centimeters should be used.
- For Brussels sprouts, this is 60x70 centimeters.
- Finally, cauliflower should be planted in a checkerboard pattern, approximately every 35-40 centimeters (although a 25x50 cm pattern can be used).
After the "moving" of plants to the garden, care for them, of course, will not end. You must continue to periodically water the cabbage, loosen the soil and fertilize in a timely manner.
Irrigation Features
Water seedlings with special care immediately after transplanting. The interval between watering should average two or three days. Bring in approximately eight liters of water for each square meter beds. In the future, water not so often, but more abundantly.
Soil loosening
Try to loosen after each rain, but do not do it too deep - no more than six to eight centimeters. The fact is that root system cabbage is located superficially.
Three days after transplantation, hill seedlings, then repeat this procedure every eight to ten days.
Fertilization
The first thing you should do is to increase the green mass. In this regard, three weeks after transplantation, start fertilizing. In general, for the entire time of development, top dressing should be applied no more than three to four times.
Video - Features of breeding early cabbage
" Cabbage
Today, cabbage is one of the most important and necessary horticultural crops. It is grown from seedlings at home. Planting dates and proper care at home for the latter largely ensure the quality of the future harvest. Unfortunately, purchased seedlings often leave much to be desired, and were grown contrary to all technologies. It is not known from what planting material. That is why it is best to plant and grow cabbage on your own, personally controlling the entire process. This article will show you the step by step process.
The timing of sowing seeds can vary significantly depending on the specific region and its climatic conditions. As a rule, they begin to do this business in the second half of March. May is usually too late. However, it is worth considering the characteristics of the selected varieties, as well as the ripening time. Often, gardeners resort to tricks and do not sow all the material at once, but do it gradually (over several days). This allows you to extend the harvest time.
Cabbage grows fast enough. When sowing early cabbage, it must be borne in mind that permanent place growth, it must be planted at the age of 30 to 40 days. For mid-ripening varieties, this period is somewhat longer - 40-50 days, and for late-ripening varieties it can even be 2 months. In addition, up to 1 week the seedlings will need to germinate. For another 1 week, the rooting of the transplanted seedlings will take place. Thus, you can accurately calculate the timing of when to plant cabbage specifically for your region.
Planting cabbage seeds in boxes Favorable days for planting cabbage according to the lunar calendar
There are certain days in the lunar calendar on which it is best to sow cabbage. It is believed that if all the procedures are carried out at this time, the plant will grow better, get sick less and give an excellent harvest.
For each type of cabbage, as well as regarding the timing of its ripening moon calendar has certain auspicious days in every month. It is associated with a certain phase of the moon. This calendar changes every year. In 2017, such lucky days are provided:
White and red cabbage, savoy cabbage, kohlrabi:
Redhead:
Broccoli for pickling:
Broccoli without picks
Planting Chinese cabbage:
Successful for early cabbage are March 15, 25 and 26, for medium - 1, 2, and also April 7-10. Concerning late varieties, then they are sown in the same period as the average. During the period of the full moon or the new moon, sowing cannot be carried out at all.
How can I plant cabbage for seedlings in the ground in May
Cabbage is considered an unpretentious crop. But the future harvest depends on the care and availability of practical skills in growing seedlings. So that it is not scarce, you need to choose the right soil, as well as create the most comfortable conditions for plant growth.
Preparing the soil mixture for sowing and growing seedlings
Absolutely all types of cabbage love loose soil. That is why it is necessary to introduce peat into its composition. It can be mixed with sand, as well as humus or decomposed compost. You can also add wood ash to the mixture.
Soil for planting seedlings can be purchased both ready-made in the store, and prepared independently. Only after the mixture is obtained, it must be disinfected. Lots of ways to do this. The most common, affordable and simple is to ignite in the oven at a temperature of 200 degrees for 15 minutes.
Sometimes a microwave is used for the above procedure, turning it on at full power and keeping the time for 5 minutes.
The soil mixture for cabbage should be loose mixed with peat Presowing preparation of seeds at home and the required temperature
Now let's talk about instructions on how to care for the seeds until planting. Regardless of what type of cabbage you are going to plant, the pre-treatment of the seeds will be the same. First of all, they need to be sorted and selected those with a diameter of at least 1.5 mm. After that, gauze is taken, folded into three layers, and the selected seeds are wrapped in it.
The resulting package is lowered into a thermos with water heated to 45-50 degrees, kept there for 15 minutes. Then the seeds in gauze are dipped in cold water for a couple of minutes, removed and left in a damp cloth for another two days.
If the seeds were purchased in a specialized store, then most likely they have already passed all the stages. pre-training and no longer need one. The only thing that is recommended to do is to keep them in damp gauze for a couple of days. This procedure will speed up the emergence of seedlings in the future, since the seeds will already be well swollen and ready to sprout.
Cabbage seeds should be right size no visible defects Step-by-step sowing technique at home
Seeds are sown depending on whether it is planned to dive seedlings or not. If planned, then you can sow in a common box or other suitable container.
If no picking is planned, then sowing is carried out immediately in separate containers (pots or cups, peat tablets).
When choosing a picking method, it is necessary to prepare boxes with a depth of at least 4 centimeters. A layer of prepared soil mixture is poured into them, the thickness of which is 3-4 centimeters. At a distance of 3 centimeters from each other, small grooves are made about 1 centimeter deep. Cabbage seeds are sown in them, the distance between which should also be about 1 centimeter. At the end, sowing is sprinkled with earth.
Proper care of planted seeds
After the cabbage has been sown, the container is placed on a well-lit windowsill. Minimum temperature air in the room should be within 18-20 degrees. After 5 days, the first shoots should appear. After that, the box is moved to the most well-lit place. The temperature should be reduced to 10-12 degrees. Otherwise, the seedlings will be strongly stretched.
Initially, seedlings do not add much in growth, but then the pace increases significantly. Three weeks later, the third leaf begins to appear. It must be taken into account that temperature regime for cauliflower should be increased by 6 degrees in comparison with other varieties.
Cabbage seedlings are very demanding on lighting. IN spring period When it gets dark early and dawns late, you need to take care of additional lighting. This can be done with an LED or phytolamp. Light day thus should be at least 12 hours.
Incandescent lamps cannot be used, because there is almost no benefit from their light, but the air is additionally heated.
Planting should be watered as the topsoil dries out. Lack or excess of moisture can destroy seedlings. To avoid this, the soil should be periodically loosened. Watering is carried out only with settled water, heated to room temperature.
As the seedlings grow, they need to be fed. A week after picking, you can make a solution ammonium nitrate, potash fertilizer and superphosphate in a ratio of 2:1:4 grams per 1 liter of water. After another couple of weeks, you can re-feed, but the amount of fertilizer per liter of water is doubled. If necessary, a few days before planting on the garden, a third top dressing is also carried out. The proportions are the same as for the first.
Before planting cabbage, it must be well hardened. To do this, every day it is taken out for several hours in the open air and under open sunlight. The first takeaway is done for an hour, and then the time is increased. Before disembarking, you can leave the boxes for the whole day. Watering is stopped a week before transplanting to the garden, but in no case should plants be allowed to wilt.
Growing your own seedlings is troublesome, but fully justifies itself. Only in this way can you get a strong and healthy seedlings a certain variety, as well as harden it well and properly prepare it for planting in open ground. Often, when buying a ready-made crop on the market, we notice that it gets sick for a long time, takes root poorly and does not subsequently give a proper harvest. Yes, and with a variety you can miss. You can grow your own seedlings according to all the rules, harden them and get best result by productivity. Yes, and it looks initially many times better than the purchased one.
There are secrets of growing cabbage seedlings and planting them. Modern table unthinkable without it. If you want to grow cabbage seedlings yourself at home, then first of all you need to think about seeds, about those varieties that will provide you with the result that will satisfy your wishes. But on the one hand, many gardeners have problems with cabbage seedlings. On the other hand, there is nothing special and difficult. How to plant cabbage for seedlings?
seedling box
Choosing a variety for growing seedlings of cabbage
There are countless varieties of this vegetable. There is super-early cabbage, which already ripens by the end of June, forming tight, juicy heads of cabbage, there are varieties that ripen in the middle of summer, and there are varieties that are harvested only at the end of October - they are intended for late storage.
In addition to white cabbage, there is cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, Beijing, red cabbage, Savoy, broccoli, kohlrabi, decorative. The choice of variety and type depends on your needs.
First of all, answer very important questions before buying seeds:
- you only want to use cabbage in the summer, make vitamin salads out of it, for example;
- you want to ferment it;
- or maybe you have a basement or other storage where you want to store it until the next harvest.
Sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings
The technology for growing cabbage seedlings is the same for any species. Its seeds resemble radish seeds, yet they belong to the same cruciferous family, but a little smaller.
Cabbage is grown mainly through seedlings. It is extremely cold photophilous plant. Often asked about growing cabbage seedlings in.
But now - the most important thing. You can sow the seeds at home, but, you know, the home microclimate is absolute nonsense for her. She simply cannot live in such a microclimate. The maximum that she can do at home is to climb, but she will immediately lie down, the color will turn pale green, then yellow, and then she will disappear. Therefore, cabbage seedlings cannot be grown at home. But if you have cold veranda, a glazed balcony without heating, then perhaps something will work out. For her, cold and light are important.
Therefore, cabbage seedlings need to be grown, roughly speaking, almost on the street. It is necessary to make the so-called cold nursery. How to make it? Very simple.
You take regular box, you can even use the balcony for flowers.
seedling container 
Seeds sown should be well watered. Fill it with soil. Soaking, warming cabbage seeds is not necessary. You can sow them in rows, or you can scatter them. It's not that important. After sowing, it is important to lightly sprinkle the seeds with earth, trample lightly and be sure to pour abundantly on top. Cabbage is a moisture-loving plant, so there will be no harm from abundant watering.
This box of sown seeds must not be left at home. It is necessary to bring it to the dacha or take it out to the garden. If you still have snow, then shovel it, put a box with sown seeds on the cold ground. The place should be open, warmed by the sun. Install arcs from above, stretch the film. This is how your seedbed will stand until germination. Shoots will appear in ten to twelve days.
If you already have a greenhouse installed, then bring the nursery inside, additional arcs with a film will no longer be needed. An additional greenhouse will need to be made only for seedlings, as she is afraid of frost. And white-headed, Brussels, Savoy, other in additional shelter do not need, they endure frosts down to -5 ° C.
If you have a stationary greenhouse, for example, a glass one, then the seeds can be sown simply in the soil of the greenhouse without any nursery, since the land is there in early spring very well warmed by the sun.
So, a cold hotbed is main secret receiving good harvest cabbage.
How to care for cabbage seedlings
seedlings After some time (10-12 days) in your cold nursery you will see such a picture - a forest of seedlings.
Cabbage has very few seeds that do not germinate. It's not scary that your seeds have sprouted so often. This is fine. It tolerates thickening up to a certain stage - until the 3-4th leaf appears. Until this moment, nothing needs to be done with the seedlings - just make sure that the earth does not dry out, water it periodically. Remember that if it is + 5 ° C outside, then it can be + 20 ° C in the greenhouse, and this can cause the soil to dry out.
Of course, already at this stage you can notice that some plants are stronger, taller, stronger. Most likely, these are the ones that will be planted in the garden. But so far they are all equal. You can leave everything as it is and wait for the 3-4th leaf to appear. Or you can carefully transplant some of the plants from the nursery together with a clod of earth into a separate pot. If the seedlings have 1-2 true leaves, then several plants can be transplanted at once into a separate pot. And if more, then plant immediately in a separate glass.
Seedling picking Cabbage loves top dressing organic fertilizers, but before landing better fertilizer do not apply.
This plant has a very interesting feature- it is better to transplant it into the ground earlier, with the full presence of 1-2 true leaves, when the 3-4th leaves are just emerging. Well, as a last resort, when the 3rd-4th leaves have already grown, but not later. Since at the same time you can’t get large beautiful heads of cabbage, let them ripen later. This pattern has long been noticed, but why it happens is a mystery. Apparently, this is due to the energy of the environment.
Cabbage seedlings are usually planted in open ground 30 days after germination.
This is about the size the plants should be before planting.
Can be transplanted to a permanent place I do not thin out cabbage seedlings in the nursery. Let it grow thick. When planting in the ground, you will reject weak seedlings, choose strong, strong, beautiful ones.
When you take out cabbage seedlings from a pot or nursery, you will plant them the right way over certain distances. Plants of varying degrees of development will quickly level out, catch up with each other. Even if some plants were oppressed, they will quickly recover. For cabbage the most early period development is not the main thing, what is important for her is what will happen in the garden after disembarkation.
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How to grow cabbage outdoors?
Many summer residents and gardeners know how to grow cabbage in the open field, each has its own secrets and tricks, but the harvest is different. The technology for growing a vegetable is actually not complicated, it is only necessary to correctly calculate the timing, plant it on time and properly care for it. From the article you will find out which crop is best to plant, at what age to do it, and also look illustrative examples as a photo.
Terms of planting seedlings in the ground
There is direct sowing of cabbage in the ground and. Depending on the method of cultivation, the timing of the proposed collection of vegetables, climate zone cultivation, the time is calculated. 
Planting early cabbage in the ground with seedlings is carried out:
- Moscow region, Moscow region, in the Urals from April 25;
- Perm region, Bashkortostan, Udmurtia- from May 5-6;
- Voronezh, Saratov regions starts April 1;
- Southern regions, in the Kuban- since March 20.
in the photo - planting seedlings of cabbage in open ground
The age of seedlings from sowing seed material to planting in open ground should be as follows:
- 45 (60) days for red varieties, early white varieties, 35 (45) for mid-season, 30 (35) for late;
- Savoy cabbage 35 (50) days;
- various varieties of cauliflower and Brussels sprouts 44 (50) days;
- broccoli seedlings 34 (45) days;
- kohlrabi is planted at the age of one month.
Sowing a vegetable in open ground begins with the arrival of warm days, when the soil warms up a little, a positive plus temperature (8-10 ºС) is established outside. The specified periods of cultivation are advisory in nature. Consider the individual climatic conditions of the growing region, use the recommendations of seed manufacturers to avoid mistakes when cultivating cabbage.
How to plant a vegetable?
Before planting seedlings in open ground, prepare the garden bed: loosen, remove weeds that have germinated in the spring. Desirable preparatory work carry out on the ridges in the fall: dig a shovel to the depth of a bayonet, apply fertilizers (or mineral), lime the soil if necessary. Culture loves dense soil, in autumn the earth will settle, in the spring it remains only to loosen the surface with a rake.
in the photo - growing cabbage in open ground
Make beds at a distance of 0.4-0.5 meters, dig shallow holes, observing a gap of 35-40 centimeters. Spill the prepared grooves well with water. At this stage, fertilizers are poured into the hole, if the soil is poor, nothing was added in the fall (1 tablespoon of wood ash, a teaspoon of superphosphate, a handful of humus). Seedlings are planted together with a clod of soil, deepening the lower leaves into the hole, covered with dry earth from above, compacted, watered.
Planting in the soil with seeds under plastic bottles carried out on ridges of any length. The intermediate distance between crops is 0.3-0.4 meters. For convenience, the holes are made in an ordinary glass bottle. IN necessary place a shallow hole is turned with the bottom, by light pressure. 3-4 seeds are placed at the bottom of the resulting groove, covered with a tablespoon of humus (fertile soil), without compacting.
Experienced gardeners have their own growing secrets. into the hole with seed material it is advised to put a mixture of baking soda(1/2 pack) and black ground pepper (teaspoon). The bedding will protect the seed from pests, make the soil favorable for vegetable growth (soda deoxidizes the earth). Pour the resulting soda composition in small portions (0.5 tsp) along the edges of the hole, surrounding the seeds. The bottom of the bottle is cut off, the landings are closed, slightly pressing into the ground. The lid is unscrewed as needed for watering, airing the grown seedlings. The bottle should be removed when the first true leaves appear, at the same time weak shoots are removed, leaving the strongest healthy plants.
Landing Care
For growing early varieties, seeds (seedlings) are covered with a film cover, spunbond, lutrasil. The crop will grow earlier, will be protected from return spring frosts. In the beds, along with the culture, it is recommended to sow dill, lettuce. Protective plants planted nearby will protect plantings from cruciferous flea, others harmful insects.
in the photo - mid-season cabbage variety "Glory" 
in the photo - a crop of white cabbage grown in the open field
When cultivating a delicious vegetable in the beds, remember timely watering, you need to irrigate well until the soil is completely moistened. There is no exact irrigation schedule, you need to focus on weather growing region. In the first weeks after planting, the soil should be moistened, this ensures good growth of the root system. Limit irrigation during head ripening to prevent cracking. It is necessary to water in the morning, evening hours with cold water.
For the entire period of cultivation, seedlings spud 2-3 times. Hilling is combined with weeding, loosening. The first piling is carried out after the seedlings have taken root, the soil around the plant is loosened to a shallow depth, then the ground is well raked up to the first leaves. Hilling contributes to the growth of additional roots. Loosening increases the access of oxygen to the roots for better nutrition plants.
in the photo - top dressing with ash, cabbage grown in the open field
When growing seedlings, the need for top dressing is determined by the fertility of the land, the amount of fertilizer applied in the fall. For better growth it is recommended to feed the plants with useful trace elements 2-3 times. Use organic or mineral supplements- a personal matter of each gardener.
The first time fertilizer is applied 14-15 days after planting in a permanent place. Further feeding occurs at two-week intervals after the first. Pay attention to the development and growth of the vegetable, if the plants are healthy and strong, the need to make nutrients, No. At the first stages of cultivation, plantings require top dressing containing nitrogen in the composition to gain green mass (take 2 teaspoons and potash fertilizer, add 20 grams of superphosphate, dilute in a bucket of water). During the period of tying a head, use phosphorus-potassium complexes.
First of all, take care of the varieties
You need to decide for yourself what kind of cabbage you want to grow: early - for summer salads, mid-season and late - for pickling and winter storage, or both. The timing of sowing cabbage for seedlings depends on this.
Early ripe varieties quickly form a crop of not very dense heads of cabbage, the weight of which does not exceed one and a half kilograms. Such cabbage will not be stored, but on the menu summer table she is irreplaceable. Delicious salads, side dishes, first courses are obtained from it.
Mid-season varieties are very often used for salting, later ones are harvested for the winter in order to have vitamin-rich dishes on the table until spring.
Try to buy seeds from trusted companies. The viability of seedlings and, ultimately, the harvest largely depends on the quality of the planting material.
Many summer residents fell in love with hybrids of early cabbage:
- Parel
- Pandion
From mid-season and late:
- Rinda
- Megaton
- Atria
- Galaxy
- Kolobok
- Krautman.
We sow cabbage for seedlings
Soil mix. Not all purchased peat soils suitable for cabbage because she doesn't like acidic soils. It is better to prepare the soil mixture for seedlings yourself by mixing turf (or garden) soil with good humus(1:1), add half a cup of wood ash to a bucket and mix well.
The ash will enrich the mixture with nutrition, protect the seedlings from the black leg. To prevent the development of the black leg, 1-3 days before sowing the seeds, the soil is shed with a solution of Hamair (1 tablet per 5 liters of water).
Sowing dates
It is very important to choose the right time for sowing cabbage seeds. They depend on the timing of planting seedlings in the ground. Many gardeners plant 45-60-day-old seedlings of early white cabbage in the garden at the end of April, which means that seeds should be sown in mid-February-early March.
But here we must make one very important reservation. In ordinary room conditions, you will not be able to grow seedlings of early cabbage. On the initial stage, this culture needs to provide t +15 - 17º during the day and + 10 - 12º at night. In a city apartment, this is difficult to do, and if this is not possible, then it is better to refuse early sowing cabbage.
The climate dictates the early planting dates for early cabbage varieties: the heat that sets in already in May hinders development, and it is very important that the plants develop as long as possible in
favorable conditions for them (moderate temperatures, high humidity air).
If it is possible to plant cabbage under temporary shelter, seeds for seedlings are sown earlier.
When growing cabbage in an apartment, the seedlings grow so frail and elongated.
Later varieties white cabbage is grown, as a rule, without picking, and therefore the seedling period for mid-ripening varieties is reduced to 45, and for late ones - up to 35-40 days.
Knowing the approximate timing of planting seedlings of medium and late varieties in a permanent place ( mid-season varieties planted in open ground in the second decade of May, and late ones - in the third decade of May-first days of June), it can be calculated that mid-season varieties are sown for seedlings at the beginning, and late varieties at the end of April.
Pre-sowing seed treatment
Before sowing, seeds are processed, on the bag with which it is not indicated that they are processed by the manufacturer. Seeds are dipped in water heated to 50 degrees for 20 minutes, then kept in water for five minutes. cold water. This procedure frees the seeds from pathogens of fungal diseases.
To prevent the development of a black leg, the seeds are soaked in a solution for 1-2 hours before sowing. Fitosporina-M, then dried.
sowing cabbage
A few days before sowing, the soil in the seedling box is watered. On the day of sowing, after 3-4 cm, sowing grooves are made 1.5 cm deep, they are moistened and seeds are sown 1-1.5 cm apart. Then the rows are covered with a soil mixture, the surface of the soil is slightly compacted, covered with a film or glass and cleaned in a warm place.
Cabbage seeds begin to germinate at low temperatures, but in the heat shoots are more friendly and fast. Moisten the soil before germination should not be: the seeds have enough pre-sowing moisture reserves.
Microclimate. Emerging shoots immediately find a cool, well-lit place. This is mo-
there may be a glazed loggia, a veranda, where the temperature during the day is kept at +8 +10 degrees. Spring is rapidly gaining momentum, and every day it will be warmer outside (and, therefore, on the loggia).
Such a gradual increase in temperature against the background of increasing daylight hours is favorable for the development of seedlings. In an excessively warm room, cabbage seedlings will stretch and may even die.
Picking seedlings
In the phase of 1-2 true leaves, cabbage seedlings dive. It is better to transplant into cups so as not to injure the roots during transplantation into the garden. Plants are buried to the cotyledons. The soil in the cups is shed with a solution of phytosporin-M. After transplanting, the cabbage is shaded for 1-2 days.
How to care for seedlings
Top dressing. Ten days after picking, the seedlings are fed for the first time.
- 2 g of potassium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, 4 g of superphosphate are diluted in a liter of water. Seedlings are watered before feeding, and then 1 cr is poured under each plant. spoonful of nutrient solution.
- Two weeks after the first feeding, a second one is carried out with the same composition, but 2 tbsp is poured under each plant. spoons of solution.
- A few days before planting, seedlings are fed for the last time: 3 g of ammonium nitrate, 5 g of superphosphate and 8 g of potassium sulfate per liter of water. Simple fertilizers can be replaced with complex ones.
Hardening off cabbage seedlings
Two weeks before planting in open ground, seedlings begin to harden. In the early days, it is enough to slightly open the windows on the loggia or veranda for several hours. Then the cabbage is left before open window so that she gradually gets used to direct sunlight.
The last days before planting reduce watering, the windows are not closed even at night. You can also harden off seedlings in the country.
Any violation of agricultural technology for growing seedlings is fraught with diseases.
If trouble happens, the plants that have fallen from the black leg are removed, the soil in the seedling box is dried, sprinkled wood ash and gently loosen.