When to pour dolomite flour in the garden. Properties of dolomite flour - composition, application for soil deoxidation in garden plots and application rules

To begin with, let us explain that dolomite is a mineral from the carbonate class, which has a crystalline structure. It has a glassy luster, and the color can be very diverse - grayish, white, slightly reddish and even brownish. Dolomite flour is obtained by grinding minerals to a powder and further drying. All this is done in a production environment. Dolomite flour contains 8% more calcium than lime. And another important difference from lime is the presence of about 40% magnesium in dolomite flour. If there is little magnesium, then the plants stop in development and growth, brown spotting and chlorosis appear. The price of this fertilizer is relatively low, and a lot of useful properties are found, which contributed to its popularity among gardeners.

The benefits of dolomite flour

You can make dolomite flour not only in open ground on beds, but also in greenhouses and greenhouses. Yes, and flower growers widely use it. Its use is especially good on sandy and sandy soils, poor in such an element as magnesium. What to expect if you periodically add it to the ground?

1. The biological, physico-chemical and physical properties of the soil are improved. The increased acidity of the soil is neutralized.
2. In the soil, there is a significant increase in the amount of forms of phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, and molybdenum that are readily available to plants.
3. There is an increase in the efficiency of those fertilizers that summer residents make, especially manure.
4. The soil is enriched with calcium, while improving root system plants.
5. There is a saturation of the soil with magnesium, which is an integral component of chlorophyll, actively participating in photosynthesis.
6. Plants feed better, change in better side their conditions of detention.
7. The crop becomes better, more environmentally friendly (radionuclides are neutralized), better and longer stored in the winter.
8. It can be used as a means of controlling insect pests, because well-ground dolomite destroys the chitinous covers of insects dangerous to plants.

How to use correctly?

The amount of dolomite flour that needs to be applied to the bed depends on the acidity of the soil at a given place and the mechanical composition of the soil mass. MirSovetov will name only average norms:

• acidic soils (environment reaction less than 4.5) - on square meter the area is brought from 500 to 600 grams;
• medium acid (reaction of the environment in the range from 4.5 to 5.2) - per square meter goes from 450 to 500 grams;
• slightly acidic (reaction of the environment from 5.2 to 5.6) - from 350 to 450 grams is taken per square meter.

If the soil is clayey, heavy, then the amount of this fertilizer is increased by 10-15%. For light soils, the dosage can be reduced by 50%.

You can check the soil and find out the acidity indicators by purchasing special devices or tests at a garden store or center.

The efficiency of use increases if copper sulfate and boric acid are added at the same time.

Agricultural crops are divided into the following main groups, depending on how they relate to the reaction of the environment in which they grow and liming:

1. Not tolerant of acidic soil - cabbage, beets, alfalfa. They need soil with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. They really like it when they are fed with dolomite flour.
2. Sensitive to living in an environment with high acidity - cucumber, lettuce, beans, onions, peas, corn, wheat, soybeans. For them, soil is preferable, the reaction of the environment of which is close to neutral, they respond quite well to the use of dolomite flour.
3. Slightly sensitive to an increase in soil acidity - tomatoes, carrots, radishes, oats, buckwheat. Grow quite normally with any reaction of the environment soil mixture, but top scores show weakly acidic soils. If the soil has strong or moderate acidification, then dolomite flour can be given to the soil in full dosage. Then the plants will be better fed with nitrogen and ash compounds.
4. Requiring liming only for strongly acidic and moderately acidic lands. For example, flax likes to grow in slightly acidic soils. A slight acidity will not affect the yield of potatoes planted in this area.

Application features

On heavy clay soils, dolomite flour will have to be applied every year, on the rest - once every three years.

It is more convenient to do liming in the fall. But if necessary, dolomite is added in the spring or at any time.

When carrying out liming, distribute dolomite flour evenly over the entire surface of the soil to a depth of 15 cm, mixing thoroughly. If you just sprinkle dolomite on the surface, then the effect will be, but you will notice it not earlier than after 12 months.

Dolomite and manure can be added to the soil at the same time, but they cannot be mixed together. First, dolomite flour is scattered, then manure is spread, the third stage is digging.

The leaves will not be harmed if you scatter this flour over the lawn, pasture.

For cherries, plums, apply one or two kilograms of dolomite flour every year after you harvest.

Apply once every two years under each bush black currant about 500 grams of dolomite. If the bush is large, then you can add a kilogram.

Under cabbage, turnips, add dolomite when planting.

In the spring, you can water plants, for example, beets, clematis, with dolomite "milk" - water to which dolomite flour.

Do not apply this fertilizer under sorrel, gooseberry.

Under the flowers, dolomite flour is applied before planting - in a pot or hole, be sure to mix well with the rest of the components of the soil mixture. Hyacinths, orchids, violets respond positively to the introduction of dolomite flour.

Do not mix dolomite flour with urea, superphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate.

If it turned out that the soil in your area has a neutral reaction of the environment, then liming is not necessary.

Positive results will not be noticeable immediately, and the greatest effect appears somewhere in the second or even third year after liming. Scientists believe that dolomite flour can increase the yield by an average of 4-12%.

Dolomite flour is effective fertilizer in the form of a powder, which is obtained from the carbonate mineral of the same name by grinding it to the smallest fractions. It has the chemical formula CaCO3 MgCO3. The introduction of this substance into the soil not only normalizes its acidic composition, but also improves the fertile structure, enriching it with such useful elements like manganese, potassium and magnesium. Such flour also helps to reduce the number of weeds in the garden.

Dolomite flour in horticulture - characteristics of fertilizer

Lime flour is a substance of natural origin, which is used as an independent top dressing without additives. With its help, the functioning of beneficial microorganisms is activated, including annelids, which leads to an improvement in the condition of the soil and the normalization of positive chemical processes.

Dolomite flour is classified as a highly environmentally friendly product, completely safe for environment and human activities. Calcium and magnesium - the main elements in the composition of this mineral fertilizer - are in carbonate form, which does not allow them to be deposited in fresh fruits and vegetables in in large numbers. Low cost, availability and effective qualities make this complex indispensable in gardening for the most various plants and horticultural crops.

When applied to the soil, the active substance improves its acidity and saturates the fertile layer with the necessary chemical elements, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium. In addition, limestone or dolomite flour has a number of other advantages, among which are:

• the ability to form colonies from beneficial microorganisms;
• increasing the active properties of other mineral and organic fertilizers;
• purification of the soil layer from harmful radionuclides;
• destruction dangerous insects and pests by changing their chitinous cover.

You can use flour in gardening as in natural form, as well as in combination with other useful dressings, but before entering into the soil, it is necessary to determine its acidity, otherwise an excess chemical substances will give the opposite effect of depletion of the soil.

Determination of the acid composition of the soil

With maximum accuracy, soil acidity can be determined using special devices called pH meters. They are foreign and domestic production, are characterized by different power and degree of error. But buying expensive equipment is not always advisable, so gardeners and gardeners resort to folk methods.

weeds. Many of these plants are peculiar indicators of the acid factor. On slightly acidic soils, dandelions, couch grass, clover, chamomile or coltsfoot most often “settle”. On strongly acidified soils, one can find green thickets of plantain, buttercup, wood lice, etc. For neutral soils, an abundance of nettle, hops or quinoa is more characteristic.

Table vinegar. Another folk way to superficially determine the composition of the soil in the area for the application of dolomite flour is to use a solution of table vinegar. A few tablespoons of essence are poured onto a clean part of the soil and look at the reaction. If nothing happens, then the earth is practically not acidified, the foaming of the liquid or its bubbling indicates a neutral or acidic pH reaction.

The same goes for grape juice. A handful of earth is placed in a glass with fresh and natural grape nectar, and if the liquid changes its color, then a reaction occurs and the degree of these changes makes a conclusion about the approximate acidity.

The use of dolomite flour in the garden

After determining the necessary soil acidity factor, depending on the obtained indicators, the application rates of this fertilizer are determined. For highly acidic soils with a pH factor of 4.5 and above, the area is sprinkled at the rate of 50 kg of flour per 1 hectare of land. For moderately acidic or neutral soils no more than 40 kg per hundred square meters, for slightly acidic soils from 25 to 30 kg per the same measure of area.

In addition to the acid factor, attention is also paid to the structure of the site. On light fields and gardens, the amount of dolomite fertilizer is reduced by 1.5 times from the recommended norms. For heavier, loamy or aluminous applications, the composition can be increased by 10-15% if necessary.

The product is usually packaged in bags or plastic bags various capacities. Its cost is low and varies by trading floors within 300-400 rubles for a 50-kilogram bag. Before purchasing, it is necessary to take into account all the above factors of the garden and make calculations. On a standard site in middle lane with relatively neutral soil, 200 kilograms of fertilizer per 6 acres is enough to increase the overall yield.

Terms of application no more than 1-2 times with a frequency of 2-3 years. This fertilizer is also effectively used in combination with high-quality organic fertilizers, which makes it possible to accelerate the formation of beneficial microorganisms and the processing of organic matter, which is fed to plants in the garden. It also goes well with species such as Bordeaux liquid, boric acid or inkstone, improving and supplementing their basic properties.

Seasonal application of dolomite fertilizer - we follow the basic rules

Dolomite flour is brought all year round, as it does not have any negative impacts and helps the soil absorb everything necessary elements. But it is even better to pour this remedy 1-2 weeks before the main ones. complex top dressing, since not all of them can interact qualitatively with carbonates from the flour composition.

This is especially true of areas for growing popular vegetables. The most effective effect - this fertilizer has in the following cases:

• when applied to plantings or beds with tomatoes, eggplants, cabbage, radishes, potatoes and zucchini;
• to normalize and accelerate growth legumes, soy, barley, greens and cucumbers;
• when growing stone fruits fruit trees and winter crops (garlic, onion, etc.).

Less commonly, dolomite flour is used in areas for the cultivation of crops such as sorrel, celery, blueberries, as well as gooseberries and cranberries.

In the spring, 10-14 days before planting seedlings or seeds, flour is scattered over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garden. After its assimilation by the soil inside the reservoir, the risks of infectious and fungal diseases, to which all are subject, are greatly reduced. garden plants. In greenhouses in the garden or in the country, it is also recommended Preliminary processing soil with this mineral fertilizer, it can be poured in combination with nitrophoska and wood ash.

Potato fields are treated with dolomite fertilizers in without fail. They not only sanitize and improve soil properties, but also destroy harmful insects, such as Colorado beetle or bears, gradually "eating away" chitinous shells, which leads to their death.

In autumn, flour is used mainly for feeding fruit trees (especially cherries and plums) and some berry bushes.

From 2 to 3 kilograms of the substance is brought under the average tree, scattering it around the trunk circle. They spend a little on lush thickets less material(1-1.5 kg), sprinkling them around the perimeter and slightly deepening the crystals into the ground (by 5-7 cm). Apple and pear trees are fertilized with dolomites less frequently than other fertile crops, about 1 time in 3-4 years.

Dolomite flour or ordinary lime?

To deoxidize the soil and improve its main indicators, slaked lime is also often used, the chemical formula of which is Ca (OH). In the environment experienced gardeners it is also called "fluff". Such material is more often found on sale than lime flour, and its cost is slightly cheaper.

According to the commensurability of useful qualities, lime is slightly more effective than dolomite flour. Calcium in its composition is in the form of hydroxide, not carbonate, which enhances its effect on the overall soil oxidability by almost 1.5 times. Experts believe that slaked lime acts much faster and is better absorbed by the fertile layer.

However, this "speed" under certain conditions has a drawback. It consists in the fact that immediately after the introduction of lime prevents the normal absorption of vital important elements for any plants such as potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. Therefore, after adding such a “fluff”, nothing can be planted in the ground for some time until it “lies” properly.

It is for this reason that the site is fertilized in this way either in the off-season, or in the process of preparing the beds for winter, or in early spring to ensure better seed germination in enriched and deoxidized soil. Dolomite fertilizer is applied all year round, and this is a definite advantage, according to which the choice of gardeners is increasingly falling towards this component.

Precautions for use and helpful tips

Liming is a general term used to describe the normalization of acidic soil by various substances with a high content of calcium, including dolomites and lime. But before starting this process on your garden plot, you need to carefully study the features of a particular material and the degree of its impact on the soil and other species plants. An excess of calcium in the earth with all its carbonate or hydroxide compounds is much worse than its temporary deficiency.

Too frequent fertilization of the site with limestone flour and its other derivatives or analogues is fraught with dangerous consequences up to the loss of the entire seasonal crop. Thus, before using this mineral, factors such as:

• condition and nature of the soil;
• dosage of the drug (especially before planting young plants);
• compatibility and expediency of application with other types of fertilizers.

As for the last point, experts do not recommend simultaneous application or frequent mixing with most nitrogen fertilizers, namely ammonium nitrate, superphosphate or urea. But the combination with ammonium sulfate and its varieties is quite acceptable and justified.

Proper and timely use of dolomite flour will gradually (within 2-3 years from the moment of the first application) increase soil fertility, and with it the overall yield by 10-15% of the previous indicators.

Dolomite flour is the most popular and effective tool to quickly reduce the acidity of the soil. Low consumption, environmental friendliness and low cost are the main advantages of this substance. In this article, we will explain what dolomite flour is and how to use it in gardening.

Dolomite flour has proven to be a convenient natural remedy to reduce soil acidity. It is a crystalline carbonate mineral with a characteristic luster and light color from white to grey. In some cases, the flour may acquire a reddish and even brown tint. Dolomite flour is obtained industrially by crushing the dolomite mineral into small pieces. The tool is popular not only among summer residents, but also lovers of home gardening. Unlike the most well-known means for reducing soil acidity, dolomite flour is not so expensive, and its consumption is much less. So, slaked lime, containing a calcium ion and a hydroxyl group, “deacidifies” the soil too much and sharply, as a result of which plants cannot adapt to new conditions and absorb phosphorus very slowly. For this reason, lime should only be applied to autumn period when the crop is harvested, and the earth has time to come into relative chemical equilibrium before the next gardening season. Wood ash is another powerful way lower acidity. It contains from 30% to 60% calcium salts, but the problem is that it is impossible to know the exact composition. It depends on the type of trees used for the production of ash, on the parts of the plant that went into processing (roots, trunk, branches), on the nature of the soil and the climatic conditions of the area where these trees grew. Calculate the exact amount of ash at home without chemical analysis absolutely impossible, so you have to act at random. Most often, the ashes are used for seedlings and indoor plants because it contains a sufficient amount of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus. In both cases (lime and ash), fertilizer is required 2 times more than dolomite flour, if we consider the same unit area. Properties of dolomite flour Dolomite flour is a powdered dolomite. It is a mineral with a high percentage of calcium. Over time, after long-term use of soil for cultivation fruit crops her Chemical properties are deteriorating, so replacement of the lost elements is required. The addition of dolomite flour allows you to maintain the required level of hydrogen and calcium ions artificially. When lime meal enters the fertile soil layer, it not only neutralizes its acidity, but also enriches micro and macro elements useful for plants. How and when to make dolomite flour? The main advantage of the fertilizer lies in its versatility - in addition to the fact that flour can be applied at any time of the year, it helps to improve the yield of almost any crop: berries, vegetables, fruits, cereals and even flowers. Moreover, lime flour fertilizer gives the same positive effect in the garden for fresh air, and in greenhouses or at home on the windowsill. Particularly effective in sandy soils and soils with a low magnesium content. It is not recommended to use flour on soil with neutral acidity, since in this case it can only upset the natural physico-chemical balance. What effect does flour have after being applied to the soil: improving the biological characteristics of the soil; increase in the content of micro- and macroelements, minerals necessary for plants; improving the efficiency of other applied formulations; improving the quality of plant nutrition; improvement of productivity and quality of products; removal of radionuclides from the harvest (environmentally friendly products); calcium in the composition of flour contributes to the rapid growth and development of not only the ground parts of plants, but also root systems; Magnesium in the composition of flour helps to improve photosynthesis. Dolomite flour is known as effective remedy for pest control with absolute non-toxicity in relation to soil and horticultural crops. The smallest particles of flour act as a highly irritating abrasive, destroying the chitinous shells of insects. The use of dolomite flour To determine required amount dolomite fertilizer, you should find out the acidity of the soil in the area and its mechanical composition (sandy, clay, light, heavy, etc.). To do this, it is recommended to use the appropriate devices and disposable tests, which are sold in any gardening store. The acidity of the soil is expressed in pH and is indicated by numbers from 0 to 14. There are three types of acidity: weak - pH from 7 and above; neutral - pH7; acidic - pH below 7. You can measure the acidity of the soil at home: The effectiveness of the use of dolomite flour will increase if it is added simultaneously with blue vitriol and boric acid. And one more useful video that will help you determine the characteristics of the soil before deoxidizing the soil with dolomite flour: How to fertilize the earth Depending on the acidity of the earth, dolomite flour should be applied to the soil in different proportions. So, in acidic soil, you need to add about 600 g per sq. m, in neutral - up to 500 g per sq. m, in slightly acidic - up to 350 g per sq. m. If you're dealing with the lungs sandy soils, reduce this amount by 1.5 times, if with heavy clay - increase by 10-15%. Helpful Hint: To increase the effectiveness of lime meal, try to distribute it as evenly as possible on the ground. The benefits of properly spread fertilizer will last for 7-10 years. It should be borne in mind that plants may respond to flour application in different ways. Based on this, garden and horticultural crops divided into several groups: Intolerance to acidic soils - this group includes beets, white and red cabbage, alfalfa, sainfoin. These crops feel comfortable only on slightly acidic or neutral soil. Yield improvement is observed even when dolomite flour is added to non-acidic soils. It is sensitive to high acidity, but wheat, barley, beans, corn, soybeans, beans, cucumbers, lettuce, clover, onions can grow. Soils with neutral or low acidity are best suited for these crops. Radishes, millet, rye, timothy grass, buckwheat, tomatoes and carrots are practically not susceptible to high acidity. These crops grow equally well on soils with acidity from pH 4 to pH 7.5. For growing potatoes and flax, flour is required only in acidic and medium acidic soils. So, if potatoes grow in acidic soil, they will definitely become infected with scab, and the level of starch in the tubers will decrease significantly. Flax under such conditions will get sick with calcium chlorosis, which will affect the quality of the fibers. Features of soil fertilizer If your site is located on a heavy clay soil, then the application of dolomite fertilizer should occur annually. For all other types of soil, it is required to make it every 3-4 years. Despite the fact that you can fertilize the earth with flour at any time, it is still better to do it in the fall so that by spring the earth becomes as harmonious as possible chemically. Flour should be distributed as evenly as possible, loosening 10-15 cm into the ground and mixing properly. If you simply scatter dolomite, but do not dig up the ground, the effect of such a “fertilizer” will appear only after a year, when the precipitation is washed away. It is very useful to fertilize the soil with both flour and manure at the same time, but you cannot mix them together. First scatter the flour, then the manure, and only after that you can dig. If cherries and plums grow in your garden, feed them annually with 1-2 kg of dolomite flour after harvesting - this way you will receive consistently large and juicy fruits every year. Those who grow blackcurrants can be recommended to apply 500 g of flour every 2 years for each bush, and for especially large bushes, you can even be generous with 1 kg. Cabbage and turnips will grow faster and larger if you add dolomite flour at planting. Dolomite "milk" is another horticultural trick. IN spring period water from time to time vegetable crops water mixed with flour. Dolomite flour is not suitable for fertilizing sorrel and gooseberries. For growing flowers, flour should be applied before planting, poured into a hole or pot and thoroughly mixed with the ground. This fertilizer is very fond of violets, hyacinths and orchids. Never mix dolomite limestone powder with ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate or superphosphate as a dangerous reaction may occur. Get ready for the fact that the positive impact of dolomite flour will not appear immediately, but gradually. Greatest Benefit it begins to bring on the 2nd and 3rd year after liming the soil, increasing crop yields by 5-15%. We hope this article helped you figure out how to use dolomite flour in the garden to always get rich harvests.

Exist universal fertilizers who have natural origin. With them, the harvest in the garden will always be good and environmentally friendly. One of these dressings is dolomite flour, which is made from rock. How to use dolomite flour correctly?

What is dolomite flour?

Dolomite (limestone) flour is a crushed dolomite belonging to the group of carbonate rocks. It is produced in accordance with GOST 14050–93, according to which the particles do not exceed 2.5 mm; fractions up to 5 mm, but not more than 7%, are allowed. Limestone flour is widely used in home gardens to deoxidize soils and control insects with chitinous cover. For other living organisms, the product is safe. But nevertheless, the flour contains extremely small particles, work with it should be carried out in calm weather, if possible protecting your eyes and respiratory tract.

Photo gallery: Dolomite path - from the mountain to the garden plot

Dolomite flour is sold in stores, packaged in 5 or 10 kg, has a white or grey colour. In its production, third-party chemical elements, since dolomite is useful in itself.

The smaller the particles of dolomite flour, the higher its quality.

Table: advantages and disadvantages of dolomite flour

Table: chemical composition of dolomite flour

The percentage of moisture in dolomite flour is allowed within 1.5%.

Recommendations for the use of fertilizer depending on the type of soil

The norms for the introduction of dolomite flour depend on the chemical and biological composition of the soil in the country or personal plot. For one square meter you need:

• with acidic soil (pH less than 4.5) - 600 g,
• with medium acid soil (pH 4.6–5) - 500 g,
• with slightly acidic soil (pH 5.1–5.6) - 350 g.

For maximum effect limestone flour is evenly distributed throughout the site and mixed with the soil (about 15 cm from the top layer). You can simply scatter the product over the ridges, in which case it will begin to act no earlier than in a year. Dolomite does not burn plant leaves. Its effect at the right doses is 8 years.

The introduction of dolomite flour on the ridges is best done in the fall

There are plants that grow on acidic soils and therefore can die from the presence of dolomite flour in the soil. According to the responsiveness to the introduction of such fertilizer, crops are divided into four main groups:

1. They do not tolerate acidic soils, plants grow well on neutral and alkaline soils, and respond positively to the introduction of dolomite even on slightly acidic soils. These crops include: alfalfa, all types of beets and cabbage.
2. Sensitive to acid soil. Plants of this group prefer neutral soils and respond positively to the introduction of limestone powder even on slightly acidic soil. These are barley, wheat, corn, soybeans, beans, peas, beans, clover, cucumbers, onions, lettuce.
3. Weakly sensitive to changes in acidity. Such crops grow well in both acidic and alkaline soils. Nevertheless, they respond positively to the introduction of dolomite flour in the recommended rates for acidic and slightly acidic soil. These are rye, oats, millet, buckwheat, timothy grass, radish, carrots, tomato.
4. Plants that need liming only when hyperacidity soil. Potatoes, for example, when adding dolomite flour without the recommended amount potash fertilizers can get sick with scab, the starch content in tubers decreases, and flax can get sick with calcium chlorosis.

Table: rules for applying dolomite flour

There are two most popular methods of liming the soil. They are named after their agronomist developers:

1. The Mitlider method. Instructions: for 1 kg of dolomite flour take 8 g of powder boric acid, distributed over the ridges, dug up. A week later, mineral chemical fertilizers and dig again. Suitable for open ground.
2. Makuni method. Mix 2 liters of soil from the ridge, 2 liters of special substrate for certain culture, which is preparing for planting, 2l sphagnum moss, 1l river sand, 4 l of peat, then add first 30 g of dolomite flour, then the same amount of double superphosphate and two glasses of crushed charcoal, mix thoroughly. Suitable for preparing soil mixtures for indoor flowers or for growing crops in greenhouses and conservatories.

Table: compatibility of dolomite flour with various fertilizers

Fertilizers incompatible with limestone flour should be used no earlier than 10 days after the application of dolomite.

Garden tricks for using fertilizer

1. If the soil on the site is clayey, dolomite is applied annually. In other cases, it is used once every three years.
2. It is better to apply fertilizer in the fall so that the soil rests and is saturated with all the useful elements.
3. In spring or early summer, plants can be watered with a mixture of water and dolomite flour (200 g per 10 liters of water).

Dolomite flour under the trees is brought along the perimeter of the near-stem circle

Analogs means for use in the garden

Dolomite flour is not the only tool that can be used to deoxidize the soil; it can be replaced with other compounds.

It is also successfully used to reduce the acidity of the soil. But here it is necessary to take into account the type of wood from which the ash was made, it is very difficult to calculate the required amount for deoxidation, especially on large areas. In any case, its consumption is several times higher than that of dolomite, therefore, the procedure is more expensive.

Wood ash is a costly soil deoxidizer

Lime (fluff). It is very active, quickly leads to soil neutralization, interferes with crops in sufficient absorb phosphorus and nitrogen, so it is better to make lime in the fall for digging. In no case should it be poured onto the plant - fluff causes leaf burns. AND an excess of slaked lime leads to serious damage to the roots.

Lime causes burns on leaves and roots of plants

Thanks to dolomite flour, you can get a safe, tasty, rich harvest. It's economical, but effective method enrich the soil of the garden plot with useful microelements, while there is no need to be afraid of damage to plants.

The basis of dolomite flour is calcium, which affects the increase in plant growth, the improvement of the root system; - magnesium, which is part of chlorophyll and participates in photosynthesis.

What is dolomite flour?

Dolomite flour is a carbonate-magnesian rock. Fractions of dolomite flour: 0-2.5 mm, with a permissible residue on a sieve of 3 or 5 mm from 1 to 7%, depending on the class and brand. Dolomite stamps flour A,B,C. Classes 1, 2, 3, 4 for each brand, respectively. Dolomite flour according to GOST 14050-93 is used in agriculture for soil deoxidation. Problems with growth and development in acidic soils are noticeable in many plants. Without the introduction of dolomite flour, other fertilizers are not even absorbed in full. The introduction of dolomite flour into the soil reduces acidity - Ph, which provokes crop growth, and also significantly increases the effectiveness of additionally applied fertilizers.

The chemical composition of dolomite flour

Chemical formula: CaCO3+MgCO3

• in terms of dry matter - 91,9%
• including mass fraction Ca - 36.1%
• moisture - 0.4%
• residue insoluble in HCI - 4.94
• metal-magnetic impurity - 0.1 mg/kg

The results of the use of dolomite flour

• Nutrition of cultivated crops is increasing
• The chemical and biological properties of the soil are improved
• Cultivated crops begin to better absorb the necessary substances from the soil, including fertilizers
• Dolomite flour binds harmful radionuclides
• The growth and development of the root system is significantly improved
• The process of photosynthesis increases
• Completely non-toxic dolomite flour, due to fine grinding, destroys the exoskeleton of the insect, acting as an abrasive.

Methods of using dolomite flour in agricultural technology

Dolomite flour is a grinding of dolomite, it is a valuable lime fertilizer for many crops: carrots, beets, potatoes, clover, alfalfa, buckwheat, onions, flax, etc. Dolomite flour is applied both in open ground and in a closed one - a greenhouse, a greenhouse , especially effective on magnesium-poor sandy and sandy loamy soils. Limestone flour is not used on neutral soils. The frequency of application is once every 3-4 years, while:

• improve the physical, physico-chemical and biological properties of the soil
• the amount of digestible forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, molybdenum increases in the soil; increases the efficiency of the use of applied organic and mineral fertilizers
• improved nutritional conditions for plants
• the safety and quality of products increases
• binds radionuclides, i.e. contributes to the environmental cleanliness of the crop
• enriches the soil with calcium, which promotes plant growth, improves the condition of the root system
• enriches the soil with calcium and magnesium, which is part of chlorophyll and is involved in photosynthesis
• effective insecticide. Possessing absolute non-toxicity in relation to any living beings, finely ground dolomite causes abrasive destruction of chitinous covers in insects. The strongest impact occurs at the joints.

Dolomite flour application rates

Application rates depend on the acidity and mechanical composition of the soil and fluctuate:

• Acidic soils (pH less than 4.5): 500-600 g per 1 m2 (5-6 t/ha)
• Medium acidic (pH 4.5-5.2): 450-500 g per 1 m2 (4.5-6 t/ha)
• Slightly acidic (pH 5.2-5.6): 350-450 g per 1 m2 (3.5-4.5 t/ha)

On light soils, the dose is reduced by 1.5 times, and on heavy clay soils it is increased by 10-15%. When applying for a more effective action, it is necessary to achieve a uniform distribution of limestone flour over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site. When making a full dose, the effect of liming persists for 8-10 years. The effectiveness of dolomite flour increases with the simultaneous introduction of boric and copper microfertilizers (boric acid and copper sulphate).

In relation to the reaction of the environment and responsiveness to liming (the introduction of dolomite flour), crops are divided into several groups:

• the first group - crops that do not tolerate acidic soils: alfalfa, sainfoin, sugar, table and fodder beets, cabbage. They grow well only with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction of the soil environment (pH 7-7.5) and respond very actively to the introduction of lime even on slightly acidic soils.
• the second group - crops sensitive to high acidity: barley, spring and winter wheat, corn, soybeans, beans, peas, vetch, broad beans, clover, cucumber, onion, lettuce. They grow and develop better at a reaction close to neutral (pH 6-7) and respond well to liming not only strongly and medium acid, but also slightly acidic soils.
• the third group - crops that are slightly sensitive to increased soil acidity: rye, oats, millet, buckwheat, timothy, radishes, carrots, tomatoes. Cultures of this group can grow satisfactorily in a fairly wide range of soils - from acidic to slightly alkaline (pH from 4.5 to 7.5), but soils with a slightly acidic reaction (pH 5.5-6.0) are most favorable for their growth. They respond positively to liming of strongly and moderately acidic soils in full doses, which is explained not only directly by a decrease in acidity, but also by the effect of improving plant nutrition with nitrogen and ash elements after liming.
• the fourth group - crops requiring liming only of medium and strongly acidic soils. So, low acidity practically does not affect the yield of potatoes, and flax grows even better with a slightly acidic reaction of the soil environment (pH 5.5-6.0). High doses of Ca-CO3 with insufficient application of fertilizers, primarily potassium ones, adversely affect the quality of the products of these crops: potatoes are severely affected by scab, the starch content in tubers decreases, and flax becomes ill with calcium chlorosis, fiber quality deteriorates. These effects are associated not so much with the neutralization of acidity, but with a decrease in the soil during liming.

The use of dolomite flour

The amount of dolomite introduced depends on:

• expected change in pH - more acidic soils require more dolomite
• soil absorption capacity (cation exchange capacity) - silty and clay soils need higher doses of dolomite than sandy soils. Soil organic matter has a high absorption capacity for lime. Heavy clay soils require annual liming
• rainfall - rain and melt water leach calcium and magnesium from the soil

When liming, the task is to evenly distribute and thoroughly mix the dolomite with the soil with the top 15-20 cm of soil. If you scatter dolomite over the surface, then the result will also be, but it will affect not earlier than in a year. The introduction of dolomite with manure is very effective in reducing acidity, but they cannot be mixed. First, dolomite is scattered, then manure and then dug up. The amount of manure is not less than 4-5 kg/sq.m., dolomite is the design norm (usually within 200-500 g/sq.m.).

Dolomite does not burn plant leaves and can be spread on pastures and lawns. Lime can be applied at any time of the year, it's just more convenient to do it before winter. You can apply lime once every few years, but it is better to do it a little each year. For stone fruit trees(cherry, plum, apricot) requires an annual application of 1 - 2 kg. per tree by area trunk circle after harvest. For blackcurrant, 0.5 - 1 kg is applied. under the bush 1 time in 2 years.

Under vegetable crops, especially cabbage, dolomite flour is applied before planting. For potatoes, tomatoes, dolomite flour is applied in advance. Under gooseberries, cranberries, blueberries, sorrel, dolomite flour is not used. Dolomite flour, as well as lime, cannot be mixed with ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, urea, simple superphosphate, granular superphosphate, double, manure.

The return from liming depends on the degree of soil acidity, the characteristics of cultivated crops, the rate and type of lime fertilizers. The more acidic the soil and the higher the rate of lime, the greater the effect of liming. Since lime fertilizers slowly interact with the soil, the greatest effect of liming appears in the second or third year after application.

Liming significantly increases the effectiveness of organic and mineral fertilizers. On acidic soils, after liming, the decomposition of organic fertilizers is accelerated, and the latter enhance the positive effect of lime on soil properties. With the joint application of lime and manure, it is possible to halve the dose of manure, while the effectiveness of mineral fertilizers will not decrease. Liming is especially favorable when making physiologically acidic ammonia and potash fertilizers that can acidify soils, as well as under crops that react negatively to increased acidity.

Advantages of dolomite flour: Calcined lime and fluff to eliminate excess acidity are used much less frequently, since these products act much harder than limestone flour, which often leads to local overdoses, burns and burning of plants.

Liming according to the Mitlider method

In the Mitlider method, lime (more precisely, mixture number 1: ground limestone or dolomite plus 7-8 g of boric acid per kilogram of lime) is brought in for digging at each crop change, along with dressing the soil mineral fertilizers. For heavy soils and peatlands, 200 g per running meter narrow ridge, for light soils, 100 g/r.m. In the southern regions, on saline and alkaline soils, gypsum is used in the same amount.

Packing and storage of dolomite flour

To protect against moisture, it is packaged in big bags with a polypropylene liner weighing 1000 kg, which is important for Agriculture. All our products are stored in a covered warehouse. The shelf life of dolomite flour is limited because moisture accumulates in the package over time, in which case the product must be dried or repackaged, otherwise it must be used.

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