Installation of stairs in a wooden house. How to install a ladder: types, calculation

Normal, correct installation wooden stairs Doing it yourself requires following the basic rules for installing the structure and accurately calculating the parameters of the staircase. All this is laid down during the design period, which takes into account not only the wishes of the customer, but also the location of the staircase, the area of ​​the room, and design aspects.

The choice of design is always made based on space calculations, convenience of location, configuration, angle of inclination, and aesthetic considerations.

Types of stairs for home

In principle, there are several types of staircase structures that are installed in different buildings, but for private low-rise construction the most suitable are:

• Screw.
• Marching.

Flight staircases can be single-flight, double-flight or multi-flight.

Moreover, in relation to independent work In terms of manufacturing and installation, the most preferable option is the marching version, on the basis of which you can consider the entire process of installing a staircase in your own home.

It is worth saying a few words about the screw version. First of all, this design interesting topic, which allows you to install a staircase to the second floor even in extremely limited space premises.

Of course, such a staircase design can be very beautiful and add its own “zest” to the design of the room, but it is worth remembering that when choosing screw version, you can lose a lot of functionality. Screw metal stairs not intended for normal communication between floors, subject to lifting furniture or household appliances.

Marching staircase

But the marching version of the stairs is perfect for self-made and installations. A march is a flight of stairs, which consists of steps and platforms separating the flights.

If the staircase is simply straight and single-flight, then the entire structure consists of supporting load-bearing beams and steps, and it is this type that can be taken as an example to show how the instructions for calculations and assembly and installation of the staircase work.

But first, it’s worth determining which elements will require installation:

• Kosour. This is a supporting, load-bearing beam on which the steps of the span rest.
• Bowstring. This is also a support beam, but unlike the stringer, here the steps are inserted into special grooves, and fastening occurs at the ends of the steps.

Important! In the calculations it will be necessary to proceed from the presence of the wall, which can be another supporting element, thus eliminating the need for two supporting beams.

• Steps. This wooden beams, boards that consist, if the design so requires, of a tread and a riser.
• Railings, fencing. These are wooden balusters and handrails. There is never any for this element standard sizes, since they are carried out strictly at will in any form.

Calculation

Step height

It looks like step by step in the following way:

• The height is measured from the finished floor of the first floor, then the finished floor of the second. For example, a height of 300 cm and a thickness of interfloor covering with floor – 35 cm. It turns out 335 cm.
• The average height of the riser is taken. It is taken into account that the height range ranges from 15 to 20 cm; this is the most biomechanically comfortable height. In the calculation example – 17 cm.
• The formula is as follows: the steps are equal to the height of the staircase divided by the height of the riser. That is - 335/17 = 19.7, that is, 20 steps.

Since installing a staircase with your own hands requires rounding all the values ​​by steps, they are rounded up, so you get 20 steps.

To ensure that all steps are exactly the right size, another simple calculation is made: the height of the stairs is divided by the number of steps: 335/20 = 16.75 cm. This is the final size of the step.

Tread width

In the construction of stairs, it is believed that the most suitable tread width is in the range from 22 cm to 40 cm. This wide range in numbers is due to a simple moment, it is always necessary to take into account the anthropometric data of the people who will live in the house and use the structure before installing a wooden staircase.

In addition, the extreme points of the calculations indicate that a smaller width will cause problems when descending the flight, and with a width greater than 40 cm, the step may be lost.

To bring theoretical considerations into line practical application, several basic formulas and parameters are used:

• a – riser height.
• b – tread width.

Simple formulas are used for calculations:

2a + b = 64 cm;

a + b = 47 cm;

For example, it looks like this - 47 cm - 16.75 cm = 30.25 cm, this is the width of the tread. In principle, the ideal size that is suitable for any person.

Stair width

The width of a flight of stairs is quite strictly regulated, although this applies to multi-story construction, but in a private house, the instructions for installing stairs do not contain mandatory requirements for this parameter.

Important! As a rule, talking about the functionality of a flight of stairs refers to carrying furniture, especially large ones, to the second floor. This is precisely why the use of the optimal width indicated above in the calculations is connected.

Stair length

• tread width – 30.25 cm.
• number of steps – 20 pieces.

The calculation formula here is as follows - the length of the stairs will be the width of the tread multiplied by the number of steps, or 30.25 * 19 = 574.75 meters, or 5 meters and 75 cm.

Important! Multiplication is done by 19 steps, because the last one is the floor of the second level of the house

Clearance height

The beginning of a flight of stairs, as a rule, is at the ceiling, and thus the free space for a person who climbs the steps is reduced.

Therefore, installing a staircase in a house always involves calculating the height from the highest point of the step to the ceiling at the design stage. Minimum dimensions should be 195-200 cm.

Dyna of support beam

Here the calculation using the Pythagorean theorem is used. And it turns out that the length of the stringer is equal to the length of the stairs2 + the height of the stairs2.

In the example, this is 5752+3352 = 665.4697. The value is rounded with a margin, and it turns out that the length of the support beam should be 670 cm.

Material

Naturally, the installation of wooden stairs will require the purchase of certain materials. The following proposals look like the most optimal material options:

• For stringers, you need to buy timber with a cross-section of 50*250 mm, and the minimum width you can use is 150 mm, but only if the design allows it.
• For the risers, a 25 mm board is used.
• A board with a cross section of 30-40 mm is perfect for treading.
• Handrails and fences are purchased ready-made.

Installation

Now that everything has been calculated and the material has been purchased, you can proceed directly to installing the stairs.

Step by step it looks like this:

• The stringer is cut to the specified size. This is best done with a jigsaw.
• Next, the support beams are marked for the steps. The parameters of the rise and tread are marked on the construction square.
• The markings are transferred with a pencil to inner surface beams
• A drink is being taken of all extra parts beams.

Important! There may not always be two stringers, depending on the width and length of the march, a third one may be required, however, the principles of marking and sawing remain unchanged.

Next, the stringers must be sanded; installing stairs in private houses necessarily involves thoroughly sanding the surface of the wood. If necessary, the structure can be processed using a manual milling machine.

The next step is to attach the stringers. At the bottom and at the top they are connected to each other by a beam. To do this, the stringers are cut into quarters along the edges. After this, fastening occurs, for which steel anchor bolts are used.

If the staircase is constructed close to one of the walls, the support beam can and should be connected to the wall with anchors.

Important! Before final installation it is necessary to check the stringers for location along horizontal level, otherwise the steps may go downhill.

Afterwards you can begin installing the steps.

• Already used here ready sizes, the board is sawn off and sanded along them. First, you install the risers yourself. They are attached to support beam self-tapping screws on the front side.
• Behind the riser comes the installation of treads. Here everything is done exactly the same as before, only milling machine the protruding edge is processed. Afterwards, the step is placed on the cut out surfaces and secured with self-tapping screws.

Important! To prevent the heads of the screws from being visible, the screws are driven deep into the wood, and the hole is filled with a special wood putty.

Depending on whether there are railings on the stairs, balusters and fences are installed. As a rule, 100 x 8 mm studs are used here.

Conclusion

Independent, it also saves money, regardless of how much the installation costs attic stairs, or interfloor, you can safely add another 30-50% to the price of the material, this will be the cost of installation by the builders.

Besides, self installation, with all the formulas and calculations, absolutely simple process, and in the video presented in this article you will find Additional information on this topic.

Master of Architecture, graduated from Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 11 years of experience in design and construction.

Two-story houses or cottages must be equipped with reliable stairs. Wood is most often chosen as the material for making these structures. Wooden stairs to the second floor can be purchased ready-made or made independently. By choosing the second option, you will reduce your material costs and do exactly what you really need

Types of structures

To build a staircase structure, you must be able to use the tool and know the rules for constructing sketches and drawings. This will allow:

• design all the constituent elements of the structure;
• consider potentially weak spots and correct shortcomings at the project stage;
• calculate the size of the steps so that it is convenient to go up and down.

It is best to use wood to make stairs. This building material is environmentally friendly, practical, and easy to work with, which is especially important for novice craftsmen. Using a special tool, you can make a staircase of a shape that would ideally suit your interior:

• straight or rounded;

• simple or decorative;

• heavy or light.

The following popular types of wooden staircase designs are distinguished:

Choosing a staircase scheme

For a private house or country house, both a marching and a spiral staircase are suitable. However, one should not forget that spiral structures require very precise installation, as well as special elements(for example, rounded railings). To make them, you need to master professional installation technology.

This is especially true for more complex staircase structures, which initial stage can only be used as a model for inspiration, not imitation. Don't rely on ready-made diagrams, since they do not take into account all the features of your situation.

As for the flight stairs, it is much easier to make and install them with your own hands. They come in various configurations:

• U-shaped two-flight;

When placing a staircase to the 2nd floor with more than 10 steps, it is recommended to divide it with a turning platform, after which it can go up along the wall at an angle of 90 or 180 degrees.

The choice of one model or another depends on your taste and the layout of the house.

Preparation of materials

Before you make a wooden staircase to the second floor yourself, you need to decide on the choice of building material. The most popular wood species are pine and larch. By operational characteristics products made from larch are better, as they are less susceptible to rotting.

Larch is not afraid of moisture; moreover, when liquid is absorbed, the structure becomes stronger. This is enough significant advantage, since there will always be a little humidity in the house. The following types of wood are also suitable for building stairs: oak, cedar, beech and other types of wood, but in terms of cost this is not the cheapest pleasure.

The service life of wood largely depends on how the lumber is dried. The maximum moisture content of wood should be no more than 12%.

Well-dried boards are more expensive, but this is more than compensated for by the durability of the stairs.

If the lumber is wet enough, you will have to dry the wood yourself. To do this, place it in a well-ventilated room with constant temperature conditions for a period of at least 3 months.

Calculation of the main parameters of the stairs

Width

Standard staircase width – from 90 to 150 cm. But when calculating this indicator, the following points should be taken into account:

• how convenient it will be for two people to meet each other halfway at the same time;
• Does the width you choose allow you to carry large objects (furniture, appliances) up the stairs?

A comfortable range of staircase widths for a private home is 1100-1300 mm. Less – difficulties when carrying furniture; more – excess space taken up.

Length

To calculate this indicator, you will need to take the dimensions of the steps and count their number. Experience shows that when making a drawing yourself on paper, mistakes are made. As a result, the staircase in reality becomes longer than in the picture. You can get out of this situation in the following way: include several winder steps in the staircase structure.

Height

When determining the overall height, inexperienced craftsmen often make mistakes. They only take into account the distance from the subfloor to the ceiling of the room top floor. This is not entirely correct. When drawing up the drawing, you need to take into account the finishing level of the 1st floor and the thickness of the floor on the upper floor along with the finishing.

Parameters of the opening in the ceiling

It is important to leave enough space between the steps and the ceiling of the upper floor. As a rule, it is equal to the height of the most tall man and is approximately 190 – 200 cm.

Stair slope

To build a wooden staircase to the second floor with your own hands, it is recommended to maintain a slope staircase design 40-45 degrees. If you exceed this figure, then it will be difficult for elderly people and small children to climb it.

The optimal angle of inclination of the stairs is in the range of 30 – 37°

When choosing a flat design, consumption increases building materials and the usable area of ​​the room is reduced. Therefore, when calculating this indicator, you should proceed from the available space.

steps

Their constituent elements are the tread and riser. When determining the tread size, you need to focus on foot size 45. That's why optimal width steps are considered to be 30 cm.

The size of the riser, depending on the slope of the stairs, ranges from 15 to 20 cm.

When constructing drawings, it is important to consider the following:

1. All steps must be the same size.
2. If the structure has more than 18 steps, then it is advisable to include 2 flights in the project and provide a platform. It is called viewing, turning or intermediate. Its location may be the center of the flight or an area near the beginning of the stairs.

Online calculator for calculation

For your convenience, you can make all calculations using a convenient one. As a result, you will receive ready-made drawings and specifications of materials.

Installation of a marching wooden staircase

Installation of a wooden interfloor staircase begins with the manufacture of stringers (or bowstrings), treads and risers.

Layout of a staircase along the wall with dimensions indicated

The treads are cut from the board according to a previously prepared template. Their standard thickness varies from 30 to 40 cm. If you do more, it will be an unjustified consumption of materials and make the structure heavier. Risers perform a decorative function in a building. Therefore, you can save on them by using a 10-15 mm board.

Stringers are made from a solid board that is free of any defects. Both stringers must be identical so that the staircase does not turn out asymmetrical and skewed.

Marking the stringer

Assembling a bowstring with stiffeners

Frame assembly

Installation of stringers begins with making cuts on the floor beam located at the top of the flight of stairs. Sometimes the cuts are replaced with metal stops, which should be attached to the vertical floor with anchors. Regardless of which method you choose, the stringers must be firmly fixed to the ceiling.

On the lower floor, along the line of the very first step, a support beam is installed in the floor. Anchors are used as fasteners.

Attaching the stringer to the floor

Installation of components

Installing the steps will not be difficult. The cutouts of the stringers are coated with glue and risers are attached to them, which then need to be leveled and secured with screws.

Attaching risers to stringers

Treads are laid on top and fixed to the risers and stringers. It is recommended to place polymer gaskets in the form of tapes under them. This will prevent squeaking as a result of friction against each other. wooden parts.

The function of the fence is performed by balusters, when installing them it is important to ensure correct evenness. For this purpose, install the upper and lower columns and connect them together with a stretched thread. It serves as a guide for installing other elements. Balusters can be attached with screws or self-tapping screws, which are masked with grout or plugs.

The handrail is installed and fixed on the balusters. It can be wooden, iron or other material.

Finishing

After installation, all surfaces must be sanded, including hard to reach places, ends, joints. The design is then processed protective equipment, or paint.

Features of manufacturing a spiral staircase

Manufacturing and installation of wooden stairs screw type to the second floor is much more difficult than marching. But, on the other hand, they allow you to save useful space and are placed where there would not be enough space for a marching structure.

Screw designs save living space

Most best option- This is the installation of a spiral structure with a central support. In this case, steps in the shape of a triangle or trapezoid are attached directly to it. To make the structure more reliable, a support column with a specially attached heel is placed vertically and concreted at the base.

Holes are made in the steps from the narrower edge, with the help of which they are strung onto the support pipe. Cylinder-shaped inserts are installed between the steps, which determine the height structural elements. The last step on the upper tier is installed flush with the opening in the ceiling on the second floor and acts as an additional supporting element.

To make it convenient to go down and up, the vertical interval between the rows of steps should be at least two meters. And the clear width of the staircase is at least 90 cm.

Often resort to more compact models spiral staircases. This is permissible only when you do not plan to use it often. This applies, for example, to country stairs or to climbing into the attic.

The most convenient tread depth is considered to be from 15 cm at the central post and from 35 cm from the outer edge. The height of the riser is on average about 20 cm. However, sometimes you can abandon them altogether. This will make the structure more convenient, reduce its weight, and also reduce the cost of building materials.

Installation of a wooden staircase is a long and responsible process. Incorrect calculation or incorrect installation of parts can significantly reduce the reliability and durability of the structure. For this reason, the installation of wooden stairs must be carried out in a certain order, following certain rules. Before assembly, you need to carefully calculate all the steps.

It takes place in stages: first, some elements are installed, second ones are added to them, then third, fourth, etc. Therefore, before installation, you should familiarize yourself with the names of the staircase parts:

• steps - elements along which descent or ascent occurs;
• tread – the horizontal part of the step;
• riser – vertical detail steps;
• kosour – a load-bearing beam on which the steps are installed from above;
• bowstring - a load-bearing element with cutouts for steps;
• railing - a staircase railing that prevents falls;
• baluster - the vertical component of the railing (in other words, a post);
• handrail - horizontal part of the railing;
• landing - free space dividing the staircase to the second floor into 2 or more parts;
• support beam (so-called zero step) - a beam or crossbar against which the load-bearing elements rest;
• stand – the main load-bearing element of a screw structure.

Types of structures

The reliability, durability and ease of use of the stairs to the second floor largely depend on the shape of the structure.

IN modern world Screw and marching products are especially popular.

A distinctive feature of screw structures is the radial type of arrangement of steps. That is, the steps are attached around the post (central axis) and supported on the other side auxiliary elements(wall or load-bearing beams). However, the design and installation of such structures is particularly complex, and ease of use spiral staircase leaves much to be desired.

Much more common marching stairs. They are more reliable and comfortable to use. Their only drawback is the high requirements for free space. However, ease of use, reliability and good span width have made marching varieties the most popular in the staircase market. It is much easier to build such a staircase than a spiral staircase, even if we talk about.

Preparing for work

Installing stairs to the second floor is a long and expensive process. To make it as easy as possible, you need to be properly prepared.

For more convenience, preparatory work before arrangement can be divided into 3 stages:

1. design (drawing creation);
2. selection of necessary materials;
3. preparation of tools.

At the first stage, it is necessary to produce the highest quality circuit possible. For greater information content, it should be performed in three projections: from above, from the side and from the front. In this case, in the top view it is necessary to indicate the location and direction of the flight of stairs. Creating a drawing is usually done on drawing paper.

Advice!

If you prefer to work at a computer, there are a couple of convenient and completely free programs for designing stairs and other structures.

Designing a staircase in the Compass program

The next stage is quite simple - based on the calculations, we purchase Consumables V required quantity. At the same time, it is better not to skimp and purchase materials with a reserve.

Also, to install the stairs to the second floor you will need certain tools. In particular:

• pencil;
• level;
• square;
• clamp;
• plane;
• hammer;
• drill or screwdriver;
• Grinder;
• saw;
• fastening elements (usually wood screws are used).

Installation procedure

After the preparatory work, you can begin installing the structure. As mentioned above, the installation of the stairs takes place in a certain order.

Support beams

First of all, cutouts for the steps should be made. If you plan to install a ladder on strings, you need to make cutouts for steps on each support beam ( minimum distance from the edge – 5 cm). It should be taken into account that the grooves of the two supporting elements must be mirrored to each other.

Creating cutouts on stringers occurs differently:

1. the beam is divided into 2 equal parts;
2. in the upper half, using a corner and in accordance with the drawing, future cutouts are marked;
3. the marked notches are cut out;
4. repeat steps 1-3 for another beam.

The next step is to install the support beam in the place where the stairs to the second floor will begin. To connect the timber and load-bearing beams, you can go in two ways:

• make a cutout in the beam;
• make small grooves in the support bar into which the beams will be inserted.

Finally, you can start installing the stringers:

1. in the place where the staircase ends, install a block and secure it with steel anchors;
2. connect the load-bearing elements to the beam on the second floor;
3. press the stringers tightly against the support block on the floor;
4. secure the block with steel anchors.

Installation of a ladder on bowstrings occurs differently. Here the steps are first inserted, and only then the structure is moved towards the wall and fixed on the support bars.

steps

After firmly fixing the supporting beams, you can proceed to installing the steps. When creating, the length of the steps must match the width of the span. If a bowstring is used as a supporting beam, the distance between the grooves, including the depth of the hole.

The first step is to install the risers - the vertical part of the steps. To do this, you can use self-tapping screws or special glue.

Important!

The fixation must be reliable.

Before proceeding with the installation of treads, they should first be made and the surface should be properly treated grinder. They are installed in the same way - using self-tapping screws or using glue. It is worth noting that for greater convenience when lifting, the treads should protrude forward above the vertical elements by 2-3 cm.

Installation of steps in a staircase on bowstrings occurs as follows:

1. the grooves of the first bowstring are lubricated with glue;
2. steps are inserted into the machined holes;
3. The recesses of the second string are processed with glue and the beam is connected to the steps.

Railing

When going up or down stairs, people often lean on the railing. Therefore, fences must be securely fixed and withstand considerable load.

Installation of railings begins with preparatory work:

1. At the junction of the steps with load-bearing beam Places for installing balusters are marked. In this case, the side edge of the column should coincide with the lateral end of the step.
2. A hole of the required diameter is made in the marked location.
3. A small wooden dowel is made. The diameter of the rod should correspond to the width of the hole, and the length of the dowel should protrude 1-1.5 cm above the surface of the step.
4. Holes corresponding to the diameter of the dowel are made in the lower and upper parts of each baluster.

Marking space for balusters

Then you can start installation:

1. support pillars are installed at the beginning and end of the stairs to the second floor;
2. 1-2 intermediate balusters are installed (not on dowels!);
3. the compliance of the angle of inclination is checked by attaching a handrail to the balusters (if necessary, the height of the posts is adjusted);
4. a dowel is inserted into the recesses at the top to secure the handrail;
5. the base and recesses of the balusters are lubricated with glue;
6. the posts are installed on dowels;
7. the upper rod of the baluster is lubricated with glue;
8. the handrail is tightly applied and fixed to the balusters.

Installation of balusters a drawing is drawn up;

Based on the calculations, structural elements are manufactured;

in the selected location, the lower support unit is installed and secured to the floor;

a vertical stand is inserted into the unit;

the steps in the tripod are pinched (or placed on it);

a platform is installed at the floor level of the second floor and a support rod is secured;

Balusters are inserted into the holes on the steps, onto which the railings are placed.

Installation of a finished spiral staircase

Installation of a wooden staircase requires a careful approach and attentiveness from the master. Incorrect calculation or poor quality fixation of elements can negatively affect the strength and durability of the structure. For this reason, the assembly of the staircase structure must be carried out with special care.

In a multi-storey and attic house a staircase is a necessary attribute of architecture to connect rooms located on adjacent floors. Also useful in two-story townhouses or cottages. It is necessary that it provides convenience and safety, and fits correctly into the interior of the house. If you do not follow the necessary rules or neglect mathematical calculations, the staircase will be built crookedly, and you will need to spend a large amount of money to redo everything. Required building codes must be followed.

Modular stairs will not require you to spend a lot of money. You only need to assemble the product from ready-made parts, completing all necessary instructions supplier. There are kits that ensure the production of spiral or marching staircases. Attached full set fasteners and necessary structures. If you are a novice builder or are building a wooden staircase for the first time, then no one will advise you to make a screw version.

If there is limited space in the apartment, it is better to entrust the job to professional builders. The installers will do everything for you in accordance with GOSTs and SNiPs.

Or you can choose a shallow view. Installing a sloping vehicle on the second floor will require a lot of space. But it will be convenient to go up and down. If you have a small space in your home, you need to make a two-flight staircase. The width of the staircase must be at least 1 meter so that you can carry large furniture and large equipment.

A beginner cannot do repairs to even the simplest staircase himself. However, if you have already made one or more staircases according to the instructions above, you can try a more challenging task: creating a DIY spiral staircase.

Installation: DIY wooden stairs

First of all, you need to design the staircase. Errors at the stage of planning and preparation of building materials are the cause of failures at subsequent stages. We suggest making stairs with risers so that the structure is held firmly. It is best to make a staircase structure using stringers.

Must be correct sizes such elements:

• Ladder:
• Tilt angle;
• Width of steps.

We determine the height of the stairs, for this we fix horizontal board as the beginning of the design. Having adjusted the board, we measure the height of the stairs. To prevent the level from dangling in the air, it must be secured to the board with tape. A suitable option will be if the angle of inclination is no more than 37 degrees. A slope of 45° will be inconvenient for descent. And if the angle of inclination is less than 30°, then walking on the stairs will be dangerous. The width of the step is taken according to medium length human feet. And the height is selected based on the height one simple step. The risers can be made from any coniferous wood.

Handmade production and installation of wooden stairs

To make stringers, let's take pine boards 40mm wide. Stringers are the main part of the stairs, which bear most of the total load when walking. Let's draw a pattern in accordance with the designed steps. After this, the markings are applied to the boards and electric jigsaw teeth are cut out. All elements must be symmetrical.

Therefore, having made one stringer, you use it as a template for making others. The more load-bearing structures, all the better. Therefore, it is advisable to have four stringers.

When you have cut them all out and plane them, you must attach the stringers.

If necessary, dismantle anything that may be obstructing the wall or floor. At the very bottom of the stairs there will be a beam. Make several recesses in it for the stringers, or cut out corners in the stringers for fastening. The stringers also need to be securely fastened to the ceiling. The first stringer is attached directly to the wall. The support bars on the floor and ceiling must be properly secured. The stronger the better. The stringers should be parallel to each other. Next you can do the steps.

Installation of a wooden staircase to the second floor

You can buy ready-made steps (or treads, the same thing) and risers at a construction supermarket. Take the price list, select products from quality and inexpensive material. Alternatively, you can cut it yourself or entrust it to installers.

A standard step must have certain standards and match the width of the staircase being built between two stringers. That is, the width should be 30cm, length in the range of 80-120cm, and thickness 3-4cm.

Now you can assemble the ladder. It is necessary that the risers have good strength and be protected from moisture. The blanks must be attached to the stringers with self-tapping screws and nails. They all need to be secured. Then you can attach the treads with nails and screws so that the caps are deep in the wood and do not protrude.

How to secure a staircase post and baluster

To ensure the strength of the stairs and fences of the structure, pillars are installed for support. Often wood does not guarantee against pillar cracks and is sometimes subject to deformation. Therefore, if you are making your own staircase posts, you will need two straight boards that need to be glued together. Usually a standard part is used as a pillar, which is made on a machine.

The base of the pillar should be of such a size that handrails are attached to the so-called square. The support column must have the following standards: height size 1000 - 13000mm, and section size from 70x70mm to 120x120mm. It is advisable to purchase poles and handrails from the store.

On the extreme parts of the steps, markings are made where balusters and pillars for support will be installed. Next, holes are drilled. After this, dowels are inserted into them, which protrude approximately 15mm. Next, holes are made in the balusters with a drill. The pillars are installed at the beginning and end of the stairs. The bases of the balusters are lubricated with glue and placed on dowels. Balusters are placed in vertical position parallel to each other. We are waiting for the glue to dry.

After this, the railings are made. The edges must be cut at an angle. The railings are glued to the balusters, then you need to screw them from below with a thin self-tapping screw. support pillar the bottom is installed last. Finally, varnish is applied to the wood. We can use paint to make the stairs dark brown.

Quick repair of a wooden staircase: conclusion

Watch the video again with the repair rules. You can always entrust the job to builders. They will help you repair it if something goes wrong. Mistakes should not be made, because an improperly repaired staircase can lead to injury. And when making stairs with the help of builders, if you are injured due to a collapse of the structure, you can go to court.

Even if you did everything correctly, and the builders helped you, any thing requires repair. Wooden staircase, among others. The need to get rid of old varnish will bring little trouble. But sometimes you need to completely renovate the steps. You can dismantle them and install new ones. If you decide to repair the stairs, then you should take into account factors such as the degree of wear and material capabilities.

Aluminum edges are useful to get rid of uneven steps.

One-piece profiles are difficult to use, which you cannot do yourself. The split profile makes installation easy.

Installation of wooden stairs(video)

If your steps begin to creak, most likely the joining parts are moving. This may be due to increased humidity in the house. There are also such phenomena as leaking roofs and more. Between two rubbing surfaces it is necessary to lay an elastic mass with inside stairs. In any case, whether you do it yourself or with outside help, contact the installers for help.

Good luck with your renovation!

Before you install a wooden staircase with your own hands, you need to carry out a series of preparatory work aimed at processing all of it components. This is the use of antiseptic agents as protection against infections and fungal infections, drying oil, varnish or paint to give the structure an aesthetic appearance and, of course, thorough drying.

Before installing the stairs, all parts and components should be prepared and processed.

Experts advise that before assembling the staircase in its final form, carry out preliminary assembly of the parts that have not yet been processed. Once you are sure that the staircase design is accurate and correct, all parts are securely fastened in place and do not require adjustment, you can carry out paint and varnish work.

Construction of a wooden staircase on stringers.

Having dried all the prepared parts and assembled the stairs, you will certainly be satisfied with the result, since you took care of quality at the pre-assembly stage. Of course, there are situations when immediate finishing assembly is possible, but this is recommended only when the design of the stairs is of a professional nature and compliance with all dimensions is guaranteed. In this case, if small inconsistencies occur, you can adjust the already processed parts, having previously protected them from possible damage with masking tape.

Usually installation work installation of a wooden staircase includes processing (use of tinting compounds, paint or varnish), installation frame structure, securing it, installing steps, fences, and so on. What affects the cost of the entire procedure? The amount usually depends on how much complex shape stairs, as well as its installation, the number of steps available, the material used, the design of fences (railings) and some other nuances. After assessing your financial capabilities, you can either rely on a company that specializes in installing stairs, or do the work yourself, in whole or in part.

Required Tools

Types of wooden stairs.

As for the tool, these are:

• roulette;
• jigsaw;
• pencil;
• level;
• grinder;
• screwdriver;
• lacing and others.

Independent work on installing stairs: what to pay special attention to?

When doing this work with your own hands, you should not forget that you must strictly comply with a number of requirements stipulated by GOST. This concerns technical characteristics the angle of inclination of the staircase structure, the recommended values ​​for which are at least 26°, but not more than 45°. As for the height of the steps, they should be at least 12 cm and no more than 20. And finally, the parameters recommended for flights of stairs. This is the number of steps in one march: minimum value- 3, maximum - 18.

The width of the march can be different, but not less than 80 cm.

Types of fastenings of stairs to the foundation.

In addition to the above values, there are a number of other mandatory requirements that relate to the installation of a wooden staircase with your own hands.

Now let’s look at the information regarding the technology for installing wooden stairs.

Firstly, you need to make sure that the floor and ceilings in the place where your stairs will be located are of high strength. When assessing this factor, it is necessary to take into account possible loads, which may appear during the installation of the stairs. This is a mandatory requirement, since very large weight loads can lead to damage (and in worst case and destruction) of support structures.

What can influence the occurrence of such a situation? Firstly, the stairs are very heavy. Secondly, it's wrong assembled structure or a small number of reference points. Thirdly, poor-quality fastening of parts or the use of defective materials when constructing floors or ceilings. There are a number of other factors that can affect the damage to the future structure.

It is in connection with this that preliminary stage installation of the staircase, which includes determining a reliable place for its location and support points for the entire structure. If necessary, all weak points must be carefully strengthened using transverse and longitudinal beams. To provide additional support for the stairs, you can use a special pole that will take over most loads.

Installation of a wooden staircase: work order

To make it easier for non-professional craftsmen to navigate the stages of installing a wooden staircase, you can use the following information, which describes the procedure and provides a brief description of them.

Types of railing fastenings.

1. First, determine the location for the stairs and select it appearance. As original version If you have enough space, you can arrange a staircase in the center of the room. In addition to its direct functions, it will also serve as interior decoration. If there is not much space, then it is better to use more modest, compact options.
2. Next, the calculation of marches and other necessary details, a project is being made, an estimate is being drawn up, purchasing necessary materials and so on.
3. At the next stage, you need to prepare the beams and mark out future steps. Then carry out preparatory work regarding the processing of steps and risers.
4. Now you can assemble flights of stairs and fix them, as well as connect them with risers and steps. At the same time, do not forget that you need to adjust all the parts to each other very carefully and carefully, achieving an almost ideal result.
5. The next stage involves the installation of an intermediate platform. A wooden shield is usually used for this purpose. As already mentioned above, its width should correspond to a value equal to the width of the flight of stairs.
6. Next, you can install and fasten the flights of stairs to the floor. For this they use cross beam. Fixation to the ceiling is carried out using anchors or bolts.
7. Now it’s time to install the stair railing. To fix balusters and intermediate posts, grooved joints are used or metal pins are used. At the same stage, the pillars are installed, securing them with anchors to the permanent wall.
8. The following procedure involves installing and securing the railings.

And finally the staircase is equipped decorative elements, if they are, of course, provided, and also covered with another 1 layer of varnish or paint.