Features of growing early varieties of cucumbers. The best varieties of cucumbers with photos and descriptions - cucumber splendor

Fig, fig, fig tree - these are all names of the same plant, which we strongly associate with Mediterranean life. Anyone who has ever tasted fig fruits knows how delicious it is. But, in addition to a delicate sweet taste, they are also very healthy. And here is an interesting detail: it turns out that figs are completely unpretentious plant. In addition, it can be successfully grown on a plot in the middle lane or in a house - in a container.

Quite often, difficulties in growing tomato seedlings arise even in experienced summer residents. For some, all seedlings turn out to be elongated and weak, for others, they suddenly begin to fall and die. The thing is that it is difficult to maintain ideal conditions for growing seedlings in an apartment. Seedlings of any plants need to provide a lot of light, sufficient moisture and optimal temperature. What else do you need to know and observe when growing tomato seedlings in an apartment?

Delicious vinaigrette with apple and sauerkraut - a vegetarian salad of boiled and chilled, raw, pickled, salted, pickled vegetables and fruits. The name comes from a French vinegar sauce, olive oil and mustard (vinaigrette). Vinaigrette appeared in Russian cuisine not so long ago, around the beginning of the 19th century, perhaps the recipe was borrowed from Austrian or German cuisine, since the ingredients for the Austrian herring salad are very similar.

When we dreamily touch bright seed bags in our hands, we are sometimes subconsciously sure that we have a prototype of the future plant. We mentally allocate a place for him in the flower garden and look forward to the cherished day of the appearance of the first bud. However, buying seeds does not always guarantee that you will eventually get the desired flower. I would like to draw attention to the reasons why the seeds may not sprout or die at the very beginning of germination.

Spring is coming, and gardeners have more work to do, and with the onset of heat, changes in the garden are happening rapidly. Buds are already beginning to swell on plants that were still sleeping yesterday, everything literally comes to life before our eyes. After a long winter, this can not but rejoice. But along with the garden, its problems come to life - pests and pathogens. Weevils, flower beetles, aphids, clasterosporiasis, maniliasis, scab, powdery mildew - you can list for a very long time.

Breakfast toast with avocado and egg salad is a great start to the day. The egg salad in this recipe acts as a thick sauce that is seasoned with fresh vegetables and shrimp. My egg salad quite unusual, this is a dietary version of everyone's favorite snack - with Feta cheese, Greek yogurt and red caviar. If you have time in the morning, never deny yourself the pleasure of cooking something tasty and healthy. The day should start with positive emotions!

Perhaps every woman at least once received a gift blooming orchid. It is not surprising, because such a lively bouquet looks amazing and blooms for a long time. Orchids are not very difficult to grow. indoor crops, but not fulfilling the main conditions for their maintenance often leads to the loss of a flower. If you are just getting started with indoor orchids, you should find out the right answers to the main questions on growing these beautiful plants in home.

Lush cheesecakes with poppy seeds and raisins, prepared according to this recipe, are eaten in my family in the blink of an eye. Moderately sweet, plump, tender, with an appetizing crust, without excess oil, in a word, just like mother or grandmother fried in childhood. If the raisins are very sweet, then granulated sugar can not be added at all, without sugar, cheesecakes will be better fried and will never burn. Cook them in a well-heated frying pan, greased with oil, over low heat and without a lid!

Cherry tomatoes differ from their large counterparts not only in the small size of the berries. Many varieties of cherry are characterized by a unique sweet taste, which is very different from the classic tomato. Anyone who has never tasted such cherry tomatoes with their eyes closed may well decide that they are tasting some unusual Exotic fruits. In this article, I will talk about five different cherry tomatoes that have the sweetest fruits of unusual colors.

I started growing annual flowers in the garden and on the balcony more than 20 years ago, but I will never forget my first petunia, which I planted in the country along the path. Only a couple of decades have passed, but one wonders how different petunias of the past are from today's many-sided hybrids! In this article, I propose to trace the history of the transformation of this flower from a simpleton into a real queen of annuals, as well as consider modern varieties of unusual colors.

Salad with spicy chicken, mushrooms, cheese and grapes - fragrant and satisfying. This dish can be served as a main dish if you are preparing a cold dinner. Cheese, nuts, mayonnaise are high-calorie foods, combined with spicy fried chicken and mushrooms, a very nutritious snack is obtained, which is refreshed by sweet and sour grapes. The chicken fillet in this recipe is marinated in a spicy mixture of ground cinnamon, turmeric and chili powder. If you like food with a spark, use hot chili.

The question is how to grow healthy seedlings, all summer residents are concerned in early spring. It seems that there are no secrets here - the main thing for fast and strong seedlings is to provide them with warmth, moisture and light. But in practice, in a city apartment or a private house, this is not so easy to do. Certainly, everyone experienced gardener there is a proven way to grow seedlings. But today we will talk about a relatively new assistant in this matter - the propagator.

The variety of tomato "Sanka" is one of the most popular in Russia. Why? The answer is simple. He is the very first to bear fruit in the garden. Tomatoes ripen when other varieties have not even faded yet. Of course, if you follow the recommendations for growing and make an effort, even a novice grower will get a rich harvest and joy from the process. And so that efforts are not in vain, we advise you to plant high-quality seeds. For example, such as seeds from TM "Agrosuccess".

Task indoor plants in the house - decorate your home with your appearance, create a special atmosphere of comfort. For this we are ready to take care of them regularly. Care is not only watering on time, although this is also important. It is necessary to create other conditions: suitable lighting, humidity and air temperature, make the correct and timely transplant. For experienced flower growers there is nothing supernatural in this. But beginners often face certain difficulties.

Tender chicken breast cutlets with champignons are easy to prepare according to this recipe with step by step photos. There is an opinion that it is difficult to cook juicy and tender cutlets from chicken breast, this is not so! Chicken meat contains practically no fat, which is why it is dry. But, if you add cream to the chicken fillet, White bread and mushrooms with onions, you get awesome tasty cutlets that both children and adults will like. In the mushroom season, try adding forest mushrooms to the minced meat.

Early varieties of cucumbers are very popular in our country. Insufficiently warm and long summer period in most of the territory of Russia makes its own adjustments to the cultivation of vegetable products and implies the earliest harvest.

General characteristics and ripening dates

Varieties and hybrids of cucumbers are currently presented in a huge assortment. There are not only universal, but also zoned, as well as cucumbers intended for open or protected ground.

Depending on the time it takes for the formation and ripening of the crop, the varieties of this vegetable crop subdivided into the following types:

• super-early or ultra-early varieties and hybrid forms with a standard growing season of no more than 40 days;
• early ripe varieties and hybrid forms with a standard growing season of no more than 45 days;
• mid-season varieties and hybrid forms with a standard growing season of 45 to 50 days;
• late-ripening varieties and hybrid forms with a standard growing season of more than 50 days.

Early ripe varieties and hybrids of cucumbers are divided, according to the possibility of use, into universal, salad and for preservation, or pickling.

The best varieties of cucumbers (video)

Early varieties of cucumbers for open ground

For a very early and quick harvest of such a vegetable crop as cucumbers, it is recommended to grow early varieties and hybrids that are planted in open ground from about the second decade of May.

Select variety early cucumbers for open ground is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. However, there are varieties and hybrids that have been tested by time and experience of many vegetable growers, which guarantee high-quality early harvest at minimal cost.

Super early varieties of cucumbers

Ultra early and super early varieties and hybrid forms of cucumbers are good because they are able to form ovaries in a short time, and also produce fruits without bitterness, which can be used both in fresh, and for salting on winter period.

Terms and features of landing

Ridges for growing early and super-early cucumbers should be prepared in the fall. AT autumn period the soil must be dug deep and fertilized with manure or complex fertilizers with large quantity phosphorus and potassium, but without chlorine.

The best predecessors for cucumbers are vegetable and green crops such as onions, garlic, peas, soybeans, beans and carrots, as well as green manure plants. The term of sowing under the film is earlier and under conditions middle lane Russia falls on May 10-15.

Sowing seeds for seedlings should be done about a month before planting plants on the ridges. From the second decade of April, the weather favors the sowing of seeds of early cucumbers. When too early dates sowing cucumbers for seedlings in the greenhouse, there is still a high probability of return spring frosts Therefore, crops should be protected from low temperatures as much as possible. With early direct sowing of cucumbers in open ground, it is necessary to provide a temporary shelter for planting.

temperature for germination cucumber seeds should not be lower than + 23-25 ​​C. After mass germination of seeds, soil moisture should be monitored and seedlings should be illuminated. Transfer to permanent place is carried out at the phase of the appearance of four or five well-developed leaflets in plants. As a rule, such development is typical for seedlings aged 25-30 days. If cultivation occurs with a lack of heat and lighting, then the seedlings will be ready for planting in a month and a half.

Care rules

The main measures for caring for cucumbers are loosening the soil, weeding weeds, pinching shoots, regular watering and top dressing. For mulching, it is allowed to use fresh straw manure, straw chopped or ordinary sawdust. This mulch is very effective and reduces the need for systematic weeding. In addition, under the mulch is very long time soil moisture necessary for plants is preserved, and organic matter becomes additional nutrition for early ripe cucumbers.

For the entire growing season, two or three feedings of cucumbers should be carried out with a solution with the following content useful substances:

• ammonium nitrate - 60 g;
• superphosphate - 80 g;
• potassium chloride - 30 g.

Such an amount nutrients calculated to fertilize ten square meters of planting area. Good result gives top dressing of plants with slurry, which should be diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 10. It is very important to remember that watering is carried out warm water, in evening time.

Harvesting, terms and storage rules

The first collection of greens of early and ultra-early varieties is carried out approximately one and a half months after sowing the seeds. During the harvesting process, cucumber lashes should not be injured or turned over. It is best to harvest early in the morning. The yield will be higher if you collect cucumber greens daily.

Early varieties of cucumbers: growing (video)

At the same time as harvesting, it is recommended to remove all non-standard or diseased greens that can delay the formation of healthy cucumbers. It is impossible to allow the overgrowth of cucumber greens, and therefore the harvest should be done as carefully and regularly as possible.

There is hardly a summer resident who does not grow cucumbers on his plot. Everyone assigns them a certain territory in order to provide themselves with delicious pickles for the winter. And one of the most exciting questions, to which many are unsuccessfully looking for an answer, is how to get a rich harvest? Well, it should be said that the first step towards achieving the goal is right choice varieties. This article is entirely devoted to the problem of choosing varieties that will produce stable high yields. So, high-yielding varieties of cucumbers.

A hybrid belonging to the group of self-pollinated varieties. Early ripe. Cucumbers ripen 55 days after germination. The plant is tall, with intertwining shoots. 5-7 ovaries are formed on one node. Suitable for growing both in a greenhouse and in unprotected soil. However, in the first case, the yields will be an order of magnitude higher.

The fruits are medium in size, elongated, covered with numerous tubercles. Length - 14-16 cm, weight - 150-170 gr. The pulp is juicy, pleasant in taste, with a low content of seeds.

Sigurd

A good variety, but, unfortunately, not very common. But when creating favorable conditions, you will be pleasantly surprised. From one bush you can collect more than 15 kg.

Designed for planting in greenhouses and in open ground. The best time for planting - late spring or early summer. Resistant to many diseases.

Powerful roots quickly deplete the soil - repeated application of complex fertilizers will be required.

Cucumbers are dark green in color, covered with small tubercles. Length - 10-13 cm. Not prone to overripe.

Emelya

This self-pollinating variety is ideal for greenhouses. Unpretentious to the composition of the soil, is immune to powdery mildew and rot. Early maturing. Fruiting begins on the 30th day. From one bush you can collect 13 kg. Cucumbers - long, rich green hue. The surface is bumpy, with white stripes. The taste is delicate, the pulp is soft, but crispy. Appointment - universal. Cucumbers are suitable for salads and pickling.

Competitor

A bee-pollinated variety created specifically for salting. The fruits ripen on the 45th day.

Cucumbers are bright green, black-spiked, covered with large tubercles. Length - 10-12 cm, weight - 80-130 gr. One bush gives 5 kg of fruit. The best time for planting is late spring-early summer.

Prefers nutrient soil. It is important to water the plants regularly, otherwise the fruits will be bitter. Sick rarely.

Masha

Self-pollinating hybrid, which is valued for its unpretentiousness and amazing fruit taste. Zelentsy appear early - on the 38th day after germination. When grown in a greenhouse, the yield is 11 kg per 1 m2. Such good performance are explained by the bouquet arrangement of the ovaries (up to 7 ovaries per node).

Cucumbers - dark green, elongated, with light stripes. The skin is thick, the flesh is not bitter. Length - 11 cm, weight - 100 gr. The variety is registered as salad and canning.

Adam

A hybrid marketed by the Dutch company Bejo Zaden B.V. Fruiting occurs 43 days after germination.

The main advantages of the variety are good yield indicators, impeccable taste, which remain the same after pickling, disease resistance.

Cucumbers are cylindrical in shape, covered with small tubercles. The skin is thin, green with short white stripes. The pulp is dense, with a small content of seeds. Fruit length - 10 cm, weight - 90 gr. Productivity - 10 kg/sq.m.

Muromsky 36

For a long time famous variety. Time-tested and has earned many positive reviews. Bee pollinated. Resistant to low temperatures and successfully cultivated in the northern regions.

Another feature - rapid maturation fruits (on day 32). Zelentsy - oval, with pronounced light stripes. Length - 8 cm, weight - 70-80 gr. Up to 8 kg are collected from one square meter.

Important: cucumbers should be harvested every day, because. they turn yellow when overgrown.

Annushka

Bee pollinated early variety. The hybrid forms ovaries in bunches, which has a positive effect on productivity. Focused on growing greenhouse conditions, but gives good results in open ground. The fruits are cylindrical, ribbed, with a light white fluff. Covered with bumps. Length - 12 cm, weight - 100-110 gr. Appointment - universal. One plant gives 6-8 kg.

finger

The variety was bred by domestic breeders. Bee pollinated. Early. Zelentsy are ready for harvest on the 43rd day. Fruiting lasts almost 2 months. Bushes are resistant to frost and have strong immunity to powdery mildew.

The fruits are cylindrical, on the surface there are large few tubercles. The pulp is firm, aromatic and juicy. Average length - 11 cm. Weight - 115 gr. Productivity - 7 kg/sq.m.

gourmet

Another familiar variety. Tall bushes need pinching and shaping. Resistant to short-term temperature drops. Prefer nutritious soils. Cucumbers are dark green, do not overripe and do not turn yellow. The crunchy flesh has a sweetish aftertaste. Zelentsy length - 10-13 cm, weight - 120-140 gr. When landing, make sure that one square meter there were no more than 3 plants.

In front of you - the ten highest productive varieties. They differ not only in enviable yields, but also have other advantages. Resistant to most diseases, easy to care for, easily adapt to environmental conditions. They have excellent taste and crispy flesh, which remain so after processing. If you want to collect every year good harvests cucumbers, then choose from the varieties presented.

Video review of fruitful varieties of cucumbers

If you are choosing outdoor cucumber varieties, look for varieties and hybrids that perform well in low light conditions and are cold hardy.
We list the most promising of them, which can be grown in open and protected ground:

The best varieties of cucumbers for open ground - description

Hermann- the most popular, super early (38-40 days), super high-yielding hybrid.
The fruits are large-tuberous, uniform cylindrical shape, 9-11 cm long, without bitterness.
Recommended for cultivation in open and protected ground.
Designed for fresh consumption and processing.

Masha- parthenocarpic, the earliest gherkin cucumber hybrid: begins to bear fruit 37-39 days after germination.
The fruits ripen together and have an attractive presentation: pimply, standard in size, 8-11 cm long.
Delicious both fresh and pickled.
The hybrid is resistant to cucumber mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, powdery mildew, relatively resistant to downy mildew.

Karin- very early high yielding variety(40-42 days), small tuberculate.
The fruits are uniform, cylindrical, High Quality, excellent coloring, without bitterness.

Greenland- early ripe parthenocarpic hybrid for film greenhouses.
Beautiful white-thorned fruits are ready for use 40-45 days after germination.
Zelenets is large, tuberculate, without bitterness, good fresh.
Resistant to olive blotch, powdery mildew, downy mildew, cucumber mosaic virus.

Ginga- one of the best early maturing varieties(43-45 days) for film greenhouses, shelters and for open ground.
Plants form 2-3 fruits in each node.
Gherkin fruits are beautiful, 8-10 cm long, small tuberculate, genetically without bitterness, excellent palatability- both fresh and canned.
The hybrid is resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew, cucumber mosaic virus, tolerant to olive blotch.

Katia- early, super-high-yielding, super-productive, lettuce hybrid.
The fruits are uniform, smooth, 19-20 cm long, beautiful green color, without bitterness, heat-resistant.
It is recommended to grow in winter, spring, summer periods, in greenhouses of all kinds.

Madita- early high-yielding hybrid.
The fruits are large-tuberous, uniform, cylindrical, high quality, excellent color, without bitterness.
Recommended for cultivation in open and protected ground. Universal use.

marinda- early ripe high-yielding hybrid. The fruits are large-tuberous with thorns, beautiful dark green color, 8-12 cm long.
Recommended for cultivation in open and protected ground. Universal use.

Meringue- super-early (37-38 days), super-yielding hybrid.
The fruits are large-tuberous, regular cylindrical in shape, dark green in color, 8-10 cm long.
Recommended for cultivation in open and protected ground. Universal use.

Lilliput- an early ripening variety (38-42 days from germination to fruiting), intended for cultivation in open and protected ground.
Zelenets is cylindrical in shape, 7-9 cm long, weighing 80-90 g, tubercles are medium, often located.
In each leaf axil, 7-10 ovaries are formed.
Sowing seedlings in late April - early May.

Recommended for picking pickles and gherkins, preparing high-quality canned food.
To obtain pickles, the collection is made daily, gherkins - every other day.
Irregular harvesting leads to thickening of the fruit.
The hybrid is resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew, olive blotch and root rot.
Productivity - 10.5-11.5 kg / m2. The optimum soil temperature for seed germination is 25-30°C.

Harmonist- an early ripening variety (39-42 days from germination to fruiting), intended for cultivation in open and protected ground.
Zelenets is cylindrical in shape, 10-12 cm long, weighing 90-100 g, tubercles are small, often located.
In each leaf axil, 6-8 ovaries are formed.
Sowing for seedlings is carried out in late April - early May.
Landing in the ground is carried out in late May - early June in the phase of two or three true leaves under temporary film shelters.
Sowing in open ground is carried out in late May - early June.
The use of fruits is universal (fresh, salting, pickling).
The hybrid is resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew, olive blotch and root rot. Productivity - 12-13 kg / m2.
The optimum soil temperature for seed germination is 25-30°C.

Kolyan(breeder V. Yurin) - early ripening (43-48 days) cucumber variety for growing in spring greenhouses Oh. Ovaries 2-3 pcs. in node.
Plants are relatively resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew, olive blotch, root rot, cold hardy.
The fruits are white-thorned, large-tuberous, dark green with light stripes. Length - 10-12 cm.
Fruits without bitterness (the trait is fixed at the genetic level).
The fruits are good in pickling and in salad, the taste is high. Productivity - up to 15 kg / m2.
Sowing for seedlings - the end of April, planting in the ground unheated greenhouse- the end of May, in the open ground - from June 5.
Planting density in greenhouses - 2.5 plants / m2, in open ground - 3-4 plants / m2.
Plant care: tying plants on a trellis, removing the lower five side shoots.
Watering before the start of the collection is very moderate, after the start of the collection - daily (1-3 l / m2).

Moscow delicacy- parthenocarpic early ripe (42 days) hybrid.
The plant is medium climbing, with bundle formation of ovaries.
Zelentsy are beautiful, cylindrical, small tuberculate, genetically without bitterness, do not outgrow.
Good fresh and canned.
Recommended for open and protected ground.
Is different high yield and marketability. Resistant to major diseases.

Zozulya- parthenocarpic early ripe (40-45 days) hybrid of a predominantly female type of flowering.
For spring greenhouses and tunnels. Zelenets is tuberculate, white-thorned, 14-22 cm long.
It is characterized by a friendly massive and long-term return of the crop.
Resistant to olive blotch, tolerant to root rot.

April- self-pollinated, early, fruitful. The fruits are tasty, salad, but they can also be preserved.
The length of the fruit is 14-22 cm. It is grown under a film.

Diva- one of the earliest for closed ground.
Parthenocarpic, early maturing, high-yielding hybrid with a predominantly female type of flowering.
Fruits of excellent taste and commercial qualities: small-tuberous, beautiful shape, crispy, good for canning, long shelf life.
Productivity in the greenhouse - up to 28 kg / m2.

Parker- mid-early hybrid, used for growing in open ground and under temporary film shelters.
Prone to parthenocarpy (self-pollination).
Resistant to cucumber mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, powdery mildew and root rot.
Graceful fruits without bitterness, with excellent taste, pickling.
Ripe on the 50th day after germination.

Lord- mid-season, productive, bee-pollinated hybrid, predominantly female type of flowering.
Cultivated in open ground.
Zelenets 10-12 cm long. It has high canning and pickling qualities.
Resistant to downy mildew and olive blotch.

Farmer- productive, mid-season, bee-pollinated hybrid, predominantly female type of flowering.
Grown in open ground. Zelenets 10-12 cm long. Relatively cold-resistant.
Resistant to olive blotch (cladosporiosis), powdery mildew and downy mildew.
A feature of the hybrid is the intensive growth of the main lash and the rapid appearance of side shoots, with the growth of which mass long-term fruiting occurs. Suitable for canning and salting.

Elegant- medium climbing, universal use.
From mass shoots to fruiting - 45-50 days.
Differs in the increased endurance to adverse weather conditions and resistance to olive blotch.
Zelenets ellipsoidal shape, small tuberculate. Fruit weight - 90 g.

Galina- very early hybrid (38-40 days, analogue of Annushka), 8-12 cm, large-tuberous with thorns, without bitterness, ideal for salting.
Recommended for growing in arched and film greenhouses and in open ground.

Natasha- early hybrid (40-42 days), large-tuberous with thorns, without bitterness, universal use.
Recommended for outdoor cultivation in vertical and horizontal ways.

Safa- highly productive, very early hybrid of lettuce mini-cucumber.
The fruits are smooth, cylindrical, saturated dark green in color, 16-18 cm long.
Recommended for outdoor cultivation and fresh consumption and processing.

Sonata- Consistently high yield. Mid-season (45-53 days) hybrid of predominantly female type of flowering.
The variety is intended for open ground.
The plant is medium. Zelenets 6-9 cm long, weighing 60-80 g, genetically without bitterness. The taste qualities are excellent.
For fresh consumption and canning. Resistant to powdery mildew pathogens, cladosporiosis.

Prestige- Productive, long-term fruiting. Partnenocarpic, early maturing, highly productive hybrid.
It is characterized by a long period of fruiting, resistance to diseases and stressful conditions.
Gives stable and high yields both in open and closed ground: up to 25 kg of fruits per 1 m2.
Gherkin fruits are not bitter, retain their marketable appearance for a long time, and are ideal for canning.

Pickled cucumber- clusters of neat fruits just ask for a barrel for pickling!
Crispy, fragrant and tasty lightly salted cucumbers are obtained very quickly!

Naf fanto- grown in open and closed ground. Early, high-yielding, bee-pollinated hybrid.
The plant is powerful, with a predominance of female flowers. The fruits are small, suitable for pickling.

Cucumber tomboy- a crispy vitamin snack "between the first and second" for any friendly feast.
Yes, what Russian does not know a lot about this! Cucumber - well done!

droplet- excellent transportability. Early ripe (43-45 days) variety for open ground.
Fruits genetically without bitterness, 9-11 cm long, keep for a long time green coloring. Universal use.

Connie- genetically without bitterness. Early ripe (43-45 days). High yielding parthenocarpic hybrid.
The plant is medium climbing, with bundle formation of ovaries. Zelenets is cylindrical, often tuberculate, white-thorned, does not outgrow.
Resistant to major diseases. For open and protected ground.

Picnic- friendly return of pickles! Early maturing (43-48 days), parthenocarpic hybrid of the female type of flowering.
Due to the large bouquets of ovaries on the main shoot (up to 8-10 pieces), it is characterized by a very friendly return of the crop.
Zelenets 10-12 cm long, often tuberculate, white-thorned, good fresh and canned.
Relatively resistant to major cucumber diseases. For film greenhouses.

One of the few varieties that is really worth paying attention to is Phoenix.
Despite large fruits (up to 15 cm), late onset of fruiting, it was the most resistant to peronosporosis (downy mildew).
Until now, this variety is grown as the best for canning.
Hybrids differ from varieties in that they form fruits in the absence of pollination, they are called parthenocarpic, according to the type of flowering hybrids of the female type of flowering (without barren flowers).
Usually, gardeners prefer early and mid-season gherkin-type hybrids 6-8 cm long.
Mostly choose pickling. By the nature of the surface of the fruit, it is better to choose small-tuberculate ones.
Main criterion: productive and resistant to fungal diseases.

There is hardly a gardener who does not plant cucumbers on his plot. India is considered the birthplace of this plant. Cultivate a cucumber garden plant began in ancient Egypt and the Roman Empire. Later it spread throughout almost the entire world. We will talk a little about growing cucumbers in the conditions of central Russia in the open field.

Preparation for cultivation begins long before the cucumber seed hits the ground. It is with the preparation of the land that one should begin. Cucumbers are not suitable for growing heavy, acidic soils. For planting, it is better to choose areas with light, well-fertilized soils.

It is best to do a soil analysis in the laboratory, but you can also determine at home.

Soil composition

1. Clay soil, when wetted with water, is easy to roll into a cord, does not crack when twisted.
2. Loams can be rolled into a cord when wet, but twisting will not work anymore, it will break.
3. Sandy soils can be easily rubbed between fingers. When moistened, do not roll into a cord, only into a ball.
4. From moist sandy soil, do not blind anything at all. No string, no ball. Will crumble.

Soil acidity

If there are no litmus test papers to determine the acidity of the soil, then the simplest determination can be made by the reaction of the soil to vinegar. Pour a little earth on the glass and pour table vinegar. Strong foam will indicate alkaline soils, medium foam formation - soils are neutral, no foam - acidic soils.

For cucumbers, sandy or light loamy soils are good, with neutral acidity. If necessary, you can change the composition of the soil by adding peat or sand, and you can change the acidity with chalk or dolomite flour.

Fertilization

Cucumbers require fertilized land, so in the fall, apply 9-10 kilograms of manure per square meter of soil. In the spring, it is better to make half-rotted manure. In the fall, you can make, in the absence of manure, superphosphate. Per square meter 40-50 grams. In the spring, ammonium nitrate can be added - 10-20 grams per square meter. It's good to add wood ash 20-25 grams.

The best predecessor on the soil for cucumbers will be cabbage, onions, tomatoes, potatoes of early varieties.

Seed preparation

It is better to start preparing seeds with soaking and germination. In this case, screening out of low-quality, non-germinated seeds will immediately occur. You can germinate on cotton wool, filter paper, in sawdust. For germination is taken warm water. It is possible to use a solution with the addition of growth stimulants, such as Gumistar or Radiance-2. Prepare the solution according to the instructions on the packaging of the stimulant.

Sprouted seeds should be planted in separate containers or peat pots with a volume of 350-400 ml, so as not to damage the roots of sprouted cucumbers during transplantation. The germination of cucumber seeds lasts up to 5-6 years.

Landing in open ground

In the conditions of central Russia, cucumber seedlings are planted in open ground during the second decade of May. You can plant in 2-3 terms, making a gap between plantings of 7-10 days. So we will extend the time of ripening and harvesting fresh cucumbers. Cucumbers are always planted in a recess (hole). The hole will provide better access to water and will be able to add soil to the roots of the plant. Adding earth will lead to an increase in the root ball, as a result, the fruiting period will last and increase productivity.

Cucumbers are quite responsive to the following conditions:

1. Application of organic fertilizers.
2. Regular loosening of the topsoil.
3. Ground temperature. Do not plant seedlings when the soil temperature is below 14-16 degrees C.
4. Do not allow drying and excessive moisture of the soil. When dried, the plant will die, with an excess of moisture, rotting of the roots is possible.

In a dug shallow trench, add well-rotted compost or humus. Sprinkle with a layer of earth about a centimeter and seedlings are transferred to the hole made. It is good to water the seedlings to prevent damage to the root during transfer or to plant with a peat pot when germinating in it. Deepen 1-1.5 centimeters below ground level. The best option is considered to be planting on a ridge in 2 rows. The distance between plants is 20-25 centimeters, between rows is half a meter. For shelter from possible temperature drops, a film shelter is necessary. Without shelter, cucumbers planted in open ground can be left from June 5-8.

A radish planted along the edge of the ridge will protect the cucumber from spider mite. The neighborhood of cucumber with garlic, cabbage, dill, radish, beans proved to be good.

Video - Growing seedlings of cucumbers at home

Ripening terms

By maturity, varieties and hybrids of cucumbers are divided into:

• ultra-early - aging time up to 45 days;
• early ripening - ripening time 45-50 days;
• mid-season - aging time 50-55 days;
• late ripening - maturation time over 55 days.

Cucumbers are also divided according to their purpose into pickling, salad and universal varieties. For outdoor cultivation, cucumbers of early and medium ripening are most suitable. Breeders do not stop work. Varieties bred various terms maturation. Below are the most famous and tested varieties of cucumbers by gardeners. Almost all cucumbers that do not need bees are hybrids. Therefore, an annual purchase of seeds will be necessary.

High-yielding, self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers for open ground

Comparative table of cucumber varieties