Is it possible to plant cabbage in a greenhouse. Step-by-step instructions for the correct sowing of cabbage seeds

Cabbage is one of our people's favorite vegetables, which is present on every table all year round. In addition to one of the main components of our diet, the "folk lady", as she has long been called, has also found application in folk medicine and is often mentioned in folklore.

General rules for growing cabbage

With the advent of spring, it is rare to see a garden on the beds of which lady-cabbage seedlings would not grow. Even in the smallest summer cottage, any gardener will find a corner of the earth for arranging a garden bed with this unique vegetable. However, without healthy and strong seedlings, get good harvest it is simply impossible, and without knowledge of the basic principles of agronomy, it is difficult to grow cabbage.

Cabbage is a plant that is not particularly fastidious, able to withstand the cold, but even it can be ruined by insufficient moisture, low temperatures or infection. For someone under the circumstances, it is easier to acquire ready seedlings on the market, but it is not always possible to visually determine the desired variety and its quality.

Ideal conditions for growing cabbage seedlings can only be created in a greenhouse, because cabbage loves moisture, light, warmth and fertile soil.

Types of cabbage

There are three main types of cabbage.

• Early ripe cabbage is low-yielding, has rather small and not too dense heads of cabbage, with an average weight of 1.5 kg.
• Mid-season variety. Heads of mid-ripening cabbage are suitable both for summer consumption and for conservation.
• The late-ripening species is grown for long-term storage and winter storage.

Each type of cabbage has its own ripening time, so the sowing of seeds should be done depending on its type. The countdown to planting is carried out from the moment of seed germination, which, as a rule, occurs 4-5 days after sowing.

Landing

The average time for planting cabbage seedlings:

1. - 45 days;
2. mid-ripening cabbage - 35 days from the moment the seeds rise;
3. late view - 50 days.

In order to grow high-quality seedlings, which will subsequently give a good harvest with minimal losses, it is necessary to correctly follow a clear procedure, not forgetting important details, which are often key.

Sowing seeds different varieties cabbage is produced at different times

Early varieties can be sown in mid-March.

By sowing seeds in three steps (after 4 days each), you can extend the time for harvesting a ripe crop.

• The mid-season type of cabbage can be sown at the end of April. Until the beginning of May, growth should take place in a greenhouse, only then can seedlings dive.
• Late-ripening cabbage is sown in early April in greenhouses or greenhouses. When 3-4 leaves are formed in the seedlings, the cabbage is swooped down and planted in open ground.

So that the cultivation of cabbage does not turn into the result of wasted effort and time, the process must be taken seriously.

Preparing the ground

For healthy seedlings quality soil, so the soil mixture should be properly prepared in advance. Cabbage seedlings love neutral and fertile soil, which is ideally prepared in the fall.

Nutrient soil mixture for growing seedlings of cabbage can be of different types

1. Soil mixture based on sod land. To obtain nutritious soil, it is necessary to mix two equal parts of humus and soddy soil, add ash at a rate of 300 g per 10 kg of the mixture. This substrate must be thoroughly mixed before use. Ash is a source of micro and macro elements, has an antiseptic effect on the formation of healthy sprouts.
2. Soil mixture based on peat. This soil mixture is prepared in a similar way with the previous type. The only difference is that peat is used instead of sod land.
3. Soil mixture of three components. This mixture is made from equal parts of peat, sand and sod land. In order to make the mixture useful and nutritious for future seedlings, dolomite flour and superphosphate are added to it at the rate of 30 g per 10 kg of soil mixture, as well as 60 g of ash.

The resulting soil should be fertile and breathable. To do this, it is recommended to grind the substrate before use by hand.

In order to protect seedlings from all kinds of diseases and enable them to develop healthy, any soil mixture must be disinfected.

1. steaming;
2. disinfection with small portions of boiling water;
3. calcination in the oven, in a pan or in the microwave;
4. treatment with 1% manganese solution or any fungicide;
5. treatment with Aktara solution;
6. adding "Fitosporin" to the soil mixture;
7. cyclic processing by freezing and thawing.

When preparing a potting mix for growing cabbages, do not use soil from a site that has previously grown cruciferous crops, as it may be contaminated.

Harvest cabbage (video)

The right choice of seeds

Before purchasing seeds, it is necessary to clearly define for yourself the purpose of the cultivated crop: the use of cabbage in the summer diet or the long-term storage of its stocks for the winter. The timing of sowing and the choice of cabbage variety will depend on this.

The yield of cabbage directly depends on the quality of seedlings that can be grown if you choose the right seed.

When choosing seeds, it is very important not to purchase expired material or seeds that have lost their ability to germinate due to improper storage. It is also important to know the criteria for choosing cabbage seeds for planting in a greenhouse.

The main criteria for choosing cabbage seeds:

1. soil type;
2. growing region;
3. maturation time;
4. material resistance to pests and infections;
5. the purpose of the cultivated crop;
6. resistance of heads to cracking;
7. place of selection (seeds must be grown in your climatic conditions).

Before buying seeds, it is important to ask the seller and examine the documents confirming the quality of the purchased products.

Seed preparation and planting

After the soil is prepared and the seeds are purchased, you can prepare them for planting. The preparation process is divided into three stages:

1. Seed selection. For planting, large seeds should be selected.
2. Disinfection of material and acceleration of seed germination. Seeds are placed in a gauze bundle or bag and lowered into water heated to 50 degrees for 20 minutes. After the seeds should be laid out on a flat plane, covered with a cloth and put in a cool place for 12 hours.
3. Top dressing of future seedlings of cabbage. A nutrient solution is prepared from 15 g of sodium humate or other fertilizer and a liter of water. Seeds should be soaked in it for 12 hours before planting.
4. The final stage of preparation. The seeds are rinsed in cold water and dry out.

Shallow boxes or containers are filled with pre-prepared soil mixture. The soil is leveled, watered with a weak solution of manganese, shallow grooves are made in it, into which seeds are placed at a centimeter distance from each other. Seeds are sprinkled with earth, containers are covered with glass or polyethylene. In the process of growing seeds, it is sometimes necessary to raise the shelter for ventilation. After the appearance of sunrises, the containers can be placed in the greenhouse, where they will stay for 5 - 7 days. Sunrise can be watered and gently loosen the soil.

In order to get healthy, strong seedlings with a good root system, it is necessary to highlight cabbage sunrises with fluorescent lamps up to 15 hours a day, since daylight may not be enough.

Picking and caring for seedlings of cabbage

When the first leaves appear on cabbage sunrises, you can start diving them. Seedlings are transplanted into small flower pots or disposable cups. Before transplanting seedlings, it is necessary to correctly select only healthy plants, it is better to sort out sick and weak ones. In selected plants, a third of the rhizome is removed and planted in prepared containers.

Picking seedlings allows you to increase the nutrition area, improve lighting and helps strengthen the root system of future seedlings.

Optimum temperature for the growth of seedlings 18 degrees. When the plants get stronger, the temperature can be gradually reduced to 15 degrees. After the sprouts have formed, the emerging seedlings of cabbage are fed. For this, mullein is used, 1: 5 diluted in water.

Regular and timely watering seedlings promote the growth of seedlings. However, a week before planting in the ground, watering must be stopped.

How to dive cabbage (video)

Planting cabbage in open ground

If cultivation is early cabbage, seedlings must be planted in open ground in the period from April 20 to May 5. Seedlings are planted at a distance of 25 cm from each other, 45 cm should be left between rows. Growing seedlings of late cabbage means planting it in cloudy weather in the second half of May. The distance between seedlings should be 35 cm, and between rows - at least 60 cm.

If you are, it should be planted in the soil of the greenhouse, compacting the plantings with lettuce, radish or dill every 2 rows. Combined planting helps to increase the yield of cabbage. in open ground is produced with regular watering, loosening the soil and dusting the beds with wood ash. Cauliflower is fertilized along with watering, once in 10 it can be fertilized with mullein diluted in water.

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Cabbage is one of the main crops grown in the garden and in the greenhouse. This vegetable is rich in vitamins A, B1, B2, C, improves digestion and has a positive effect on the overall tone of the body.

Cabbage seedlings need to be grown in greenhouse conditions.

And how many dishes can be prepared from crispy leaves! Cabbage is one of the most beloved and important ingredients in the menu of any housewife. The vegetable is the basis of such basic preparations as cabbage soup, borscht, cabbage rolls, pies, dumplings. And in the old days it was believed that the smell sauerkraut and boiled cabbage soup in the house is a guarantee of the well-being and well-being of the owners.

AT present time many varieties of this vegetable have been bred: broccoli, kohlrabi, white cabbage, cauliflower, Beijing cabbage.

Early varieties can be grown in a greenhouse to enjoy a salad of fragrant leaves in the spring.

Growing cabbage seedlings

Cabbage seedlings need clayey dense soil.

To get appetizing leaves in early spring, you should first grow seedlings. For cabbage seedlings suitable dense clay soil so that moisture stays in the soil longer. Cabbage is a moisture-loving plant, but too acidic soil can destroy the root system.

Late varieties are grown in nurseries, and early varieties are grown in biofuel greenhouses. In such greenhouses, crops can be sown from the end of March - the beginning of April. Greenhouses on biofuel are good because after growing cabbage seedlings and transplanting them into a greenhouse, other crops are sown in the vacant place.

Steam beds are an alternative to biofuel greenhouses. For their arrangement, a layer of earth is removed 30 cm deep and 125-130 cm wide. The bottom of the pit is covered with biofuel, and covered with a layer of earth on top. The steam bed should be covered with a film or a frame made of rods and covered with polyethylene. The height of the arch of the frame must be at least 30 cm. To ventilate such a greenhouse, it is enough to open the film from the sides.

Before sowing in the fallow bed, the seeds should be prepared. The largest seeds are selected, placed in warm water (50ºС) for 20 minutes, then cooled. After drying, the seeds should be treated with a solution of nitrophoska to prevent plant disease. After these procedures, the seeds are sown in warm ground, heated to 20ºС, and cover the reconciliation with a film. When the first shoots appear on the 4th day, the shelter can be opened during the day. Seedlings in the first days of watering is not recommended.

For the device of the steam ridge, you need to make a frame with a height of no more than 30 cm.

After the appearance of the first leaf, the seedlings can dive. After that, the temperature in the greenhouse is raised by 2-3ºС and the heat is maintained within 10-12ºС. Picking can be replaced by thinning plants.

Dive and thinned plants should be watered in the morning every day with occasional top dressing. The following solution is prepared as a fertilizer for seedlings: 40 g of superphosphate, 20 g of a nitrogen mixture, 10 g of potash fertilizer are taken for 1 bucket of water. This mixture is designed for one steam bed. The second top dressing consists only of nitrogen fertilizer: 20 g per 10 liters of water.

Before planting early cabbage in the greenhouse, it is fed for the third time. To do this, 30 g of a nitrogen mixture, 20 g of phosphorus, 20 g of a potassium mixture are taken per 10 liters of water and poured under the roots. Do not allow the mixture to get on the leaves, if this happens, rinse with water.

Planting seedlings and caring for them in the greenhouse

Before planting seedlings, the greenhouse is well ventilated, opening the frames for the whole day. The plants themselves are well watered before planting. It is believed that the seedlings are ready for planting if the plants have 3-4 leaves, a good root system and their color has acquired a lilac-green hue. The color of plants plays a decisive role, since the pale green color of the stems indicates the weakness and unsuitability of plants for good development.

Watering cabbage seedlings should be done daily.

A good cabbage seedling is one that has a short thick stem, large leaves and good root system . From such plants you get cabbage with large dense heads of cabbage.

When planting seedlings in the ground, you should not shake off the ground from the roots. Early varieties white cabbage planted in a greenhouse from April 25 to May 5. The soil should be well equipped with fertilizers, preferably organic. The amount of humus should be 7-8 kg per 1 m².

Cabbage cannot be planted in one place for several years in a row. The soil is dug up from autumn to a depth of 20-22 cm and compost is added there. In the spring, soil treatment is carried out again: they dig it up, but to a shallower depth, and carefully pass it with a harrow.

Ready seedlings are planted in the greenhouse at a distance of 50 cm from each other. Watering is recommended for 7-8 days, when the seedlings take root well. After that, you need to slightly loosen the ground and carry out the first greenhouse top dressing. To do this, take ¼ buckets of manure for 1 bucket of water and dilute it until a slurry is formed. Cabbage is loosened only 3-4 times, and the second dressing is carried out before the start of head formation. For this procedure, complex fertilizers of nitrophoska are used with the calculation of 30-40 g per 1 m².

In cloudy weather, you should feed the cabbage ammonium nitrate with the calculation of 20 g per 1 m². To develop good viability and resistance to weather conditions in plants, they are spudded.

It should not be forgotten that cabbage is a light-loving plant, so this culture should be provided with good lighting.

Features of growing early varieties

Good seedlings of cabbage can be identified by large leaves, a thick stem and a developed root system.

Cabbage in the greenhouse ripens faster than in the open field. There are such early varieties:

1. Number one K-206. Cabbage of this variety ripens in 100-125 days from the first shoots. The culture is quite productive: from 10 m² you can harvest from 25 to 40 kg of vegetables. It is important to clean the cabbage in time, as overripe heads of cabbage begin to crack.
2. Ditmar early. This cabbage ripens 55-70 days after planting the seedlings in the greenhouse;
3. Golden hectare 1432. The first heads of cabbage appear after 105-109 days from planting seedlings. The culture of this variety is characterized by resistance to cracking.

Growing early cabbage is possible in the following varieties: kohlrabi, cauliflower and broccoli. The latter is very unpretentious and able to tolerate low temperatures. Broccoli seeds are sown in greenhouses at the end of March. The first shoots appear on the 3-4th day, and after 10 days 3-4 leaves appear on the stems.

Broccoli seedlings are planted in the ground at the end of April. The temperature regime should be 12-18ºС. Seedlings should be 35-40 days old and have 5-6 leaves. The soil for broccoli should be prepared in advance and well fertilized with superphosphate and potash fertilizers. Traditional care for this crop: regular watering, fertilizing and hilling. The central heads should be removed before the flowers bloom to preserve their flavor and firmness.

Cauliflower is a very demanding crop. For its growth, a high temperature of 18-20ºС and a humidity of 70-85% are necessary in order for the heads to fully form. The greenhouse must be constantly ventilated.

Cauliflower seedlings should be at least 45 days, after which they are planted in a greenhouse in late March - early April in rows.

Caring for this crop should include watering 2 times a week, regular loosening, timely feeding, and protection from harmful insects. You can get rid of the cruciferous flea with tobacco dust and lime. But when forming cabbage heads, spraying and sprinkling should be stopped.

Cauliflower should be harvested while the heads are firm and solid. Plants with powerful leaves are able to give a second crop after cutting the first heads. To do this, leave 1-2 shoots and care in the same mode. At proper care you can get heads weighing 500 g.

Growing Chinese cabbage

Early varieties of cabbage: K-206, Ditmarskaya, Golden hectare 1432.

Chinese cabbage is a favorite ingredient in spring salads. It contains a large amount of vitamins and is suitable for consumption both fresh and boiled and pickled.

This culture is a rosette of leaves. Beijing cabbage is an early maturing plant, and growing in a greenhouse guarantees its early harvest. The period from sowing to harvesting is 18-40 days.

This culture is unpretentious and quite cold-resistant. A temperature of 4-5ºС is sufficient for seed germination, but for good and rapid growth temperature should be provided up to 16-18ºС. When a head is formed, the temperature regime should be 10-13ºС. With more high temperature the plant will begin to form a flowering stem.

Beijing cabbage is also unpretentious when choosing soil. It takes root in any soil, but for good development need loose fertile land.

For cultivation, 20-day seedlings of cabbage are used. On fertilized land, cabbage can ripen in 20 days from the start of planting seedlings. When growing a vegetable in open ground, it takes 40-80 days for the heads of cabbage to ripen.

An interesting fact is that Beijing cabbage is also grown as a compactor for tomatoes and cucumbers. In this case, the soil must be carefully fertilized. The following composition is well suited for feeding Beijing cabbage: 4-5 kg ​​of humus, 30 g of saltpeter, 20 g of potassium and 40 g of superphosphate. This solution is designed for 1 m².

Beijing cabbage is a moisture-loving plant. And if we take into account the fact that its root system is shallow, then the plant can receive moisture only from upper layers soil. This means that cabbage should be watered in sufficient quantities, otherwise its green leaves will begin to fade very quickly. The optimal humidity for this crop should be at least 70-80%.

Cabbage is considered ripe when its heads are formed to medium density and weigh at least 300 g. With good care from 1 m², you can collect from 5 to 8 kg of culture.

Competent seedling care, including optimal temperature conditions, regular watering and fertilizing, loosening and lighting, is the key to a good and plentiful harvest.

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Seedlings of cabbage at home.

Sowing cabbage for seedlings at home is less popular than tomatoes and peppers, perhaps the lack of space on city windowsills is already affecting. In March, enthusiastic gardeners have almost everything occupied with pots with emerging shoots. You can use a home mini greenhouse as a balcony shelving unit and diversify your home plantings with additional plants.

Cabbage seedlings at home are much better than market ones, so it’s worth planting at least one bowl to see the results.

Sowing cabbage for seedlings is quick and easy, and the vegetable can be easily grown both in seedlings and in seedlings. The main task of the gardener will be to care for the sprouts only at the seedling stage, watering and careful attitude will help to grow a really large and tasty product.

When to sow cabbage for seedlings? Basic rules for growing cabbage seedlings

Cabbage can be sown at several times, depending on what kind of crop you want to get - early, medium and late. Recall that late varieties of cabbage are best stored in winter. You can plant cabbage for seedlings at the following times:

1. For early cabbage - March 15-20,
2. From March 30 to April 10,
3. From April 25th to May 10th.
4. For fall harvests for winter, sow between June 5th and 15th.

To get early cabbage, sow seeds for seedlings in mid-late March. The same dates are also suitable for planting cauliflower seedlings.

Planting cabbage seeds for seedlings

Sowing early cabbage for seedlings begins with the preparation of the soil and containers. For growing, you can use:

• large containers;
• peat pots or cassettes for cabbage seedlings.

This vegetable tolerates transplanting easily, however, growing seeds in a separate peat pot can give you a more developed root system. Many people prefer growing plants using cassettes. Indeed, growing cabbage seedlings in cassettes greatly facilitates the entire care process. After the seedlings have risen and become full-fledged seedlings, it is necessary to plant them in a wider container - cassettes that are great for picking, watering and processing seedlings.

The soil for growing seedlings can be prepared independently. All types of peat are suitable for this. Peat is chosen because it absorbs moisture well, is breathable, and does not compact. If lowland peat is used, sawdust is added (up to 1/3 of the composition). Then it is steamed for 2 hours and nitrogen fertilizers are added. It can be 20–25 g of urea or ammonium nitrate or 50 g of complex fertilizers per 10 liters. Also for 10 liters you need to make:

• 300-450 g of dolomite flour,
• 50–70 g of complex fertilizers,
• 1 glass of wood ash.

Fill containers for planting with this or ready-made nutrient mixture, water and prepare the seeds. Select large seeds, put them for 20 minutes in hot, about 50 degrees water, then cool in cold water and soak in potassium permanganate for disinfection for several hours.

Place in prepared containers, cabbage planting pattern 3 x 3 cm, planting depth 1 - 1.5 cm, sprinkle with earth and cover with polyethylene.

How to grow seedlings of early cabbage

Growing cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse is the same as at home. Keep track of soil moisture. Avoid both overdrying and excessive moisture. Simple rules for caring for plants, their regular watering - and soon you will see the result of your efforts - young week-old sprouts.

Once you have planted the seeds in the ground, you need to maintain a temperature of about 20 degrees. This is normal room temperature. For the first sprouts to sprout, it will be enough to have a temperature of about 6-9 degrees at night. Such drops are needed so that cabbage seedlings at home do not stretch too much.

After that, the level of this temperature must be maintained for about 4-8 days. Proper care and planting of cabbage seeds for seedlings will ensure the appearance of the first leaf. Still, planting cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse is much easier than at home. A glazed balcony or loggia is suitable, where you can adjust the temperature. As soon as the first seedlings appeared, you can raise the temperature to 13-18 degrees Celsius, but in too warm and sunny days can be lowered to + 14-16.

If you have already decided how to grow cabbage seedlings at home or when to plant cabbage seedlings in greenhouse conditions, you can safely get down to business. Do not forget that planting early cabbage for seedlings requires a constant influx fresh air, which means that the room with sprouts should be regularly ventilated.

Transplanting cabbage in open ground.

The land in the garden should be prepared towards the end of summer or in the fall, the soil must be dug up and organic and mineral fertilizers with phosphate and potassium. Land cultivation is carried out only in dry weather to achieve maximum effect, after which the soil can be left until spring. In the spring, for faster heating of the soil, put a black film in a couple of weeks.

Early seedlings are planted in open ground in the first half of May, when 45-50 days have passed since sowing. Young plants tolerate transplanting better than overgrown ones. Therefore, if you see 4 formed true leaves, then the plant is ready for transplantation.

The sprouts are transplanted into beds in two rows, with a distance of 30-40 cm between the bushes. When planting, do not deepen the heart, plant carefully.

Be sure to make a tunnel greenhouse for young plants, as they do not withstand cold snaps and May frosts.

Planting time for seedlings of other types of cabbage:

• white and red cabbage is planted on March 10-25,
• Brussels - in April,
• kohlrabi - March 10-20,
• savoy cabbage - end of March,
• it is better to plant broccoli or color from mid-March to the end of May for several crops,
• Beijing cabbage is planted 2 times per season.

Thus, planting cabbage for seedlings for each individual species, if followed, will lead to the appearance of timely sprouts and leaves.

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In the greenhouse | No comments yet

Fresh vegetables are a storehouse of vitamins necessary for the normal functioning of the body. Therefore, it is very important to be sure of the quality of the products used. One of the most popular and healthy vegetables- cabbage.

In order for it to hit the table as soon as possible and its quality to be one hundred percent, it is not necessary to run to the market. You can grow cabbage in a greenhouse in the country. This process is not difficult to carry out, especially armed with the necessary information.

The best varieties for planting

In greenhouses, early varieties of cabbage are usually planted, which are eaten in early summer. The most popular among vegetable growers are the following:

Dietmar cabbage - early variety

Dietmar cabbage - ripens already 50-70 days after planting. The whole crop will ripen at about the same time. Heads of cabbage will weigh up to one and a half kilograms.

• "Number one - K-206" - the next in precocity. It ripens on the 125th day, and the approximate weight of the vegetable will be the same as that of the previous variety.
• "Golden Hectare 1432" is one of the most late varieties among the early ones. Harvest is ready for harvest in a maximum of 135 days. In this case, the weight of one head of cabbage will be about 2 kg.

Soil preparation

Most suitable soil for planting cabbage - sandy loam. It is better to place greenhouses on a hill so that the earth dries out faster in the spring. This will speed up the start of the boarding process.

Soil treatment for planting cabbage should be started in the fall so that most soil pests do not survive the frost. It is good if cucumbers, onions, potatoes, carrots or legumes grew in this area before cabbage, as after them there are many nutrients.

Cabbage needs loose sandy soil

All previous vegetation from the garden must be removed immediately after harvesting. Then the soil is dug up - the deeper, the better. The arable layer should be about 20 cm. Simultaneously with plowing, you need to fertilize the soil. For this, mineral preparations and various organic substances are used, such as manure or the decayed contents of compost pits.

Site preparation continues in the spring immediately before planting. If the ground is stale and hard, it needs to be dug up again. If the arable layer is not compacted, it is enough just to loosen it.

Preparing seeds for planting

To get high-quality seedlings, the seeds must be prepared before planting. They are chosen according to the principle - the larger, the better. Usually high-quality ones have dimensions of up to one and a half millimeters and look darker than others.

The best seeds for sowing are large and dark

To do this, use a special calibration sieve, or lower the seeds into salt water and use only those that did not surface. It is important to dry the seeds after this method.

The next step is heat treatment. It will help protect the plant from fungal and other diseases in the future. The process itself consists in placing the seeds in water with a temperature of about 50 degrees for 20 minutes.

After this time, the seeds are immediately immersed in cold water for 2-3 minutes. After - dried to a crumbly state. To dry the seeds faster, they are laid out thin layer on a towel.

If desired, you can play it safe and treat the seeds with a special preparation that will kill other possible pathogens of the plant. But for home use, it is better to reduce the use of chemicals.

Film greenhouse for cabbage

What are greenhouses?

Planting seeds of early cabbage in greenhouses is carried out at the end of February. Later - in March. Mainly for early summer sowing greenhouses on biofuel and frame are used. The first ones are a small pit, on the bottom of which biofuel is placed, sprinkled with earth.

Then the bed is covered with a film. The second option is easier to use. The frames are installed at a height of at least 30 centimeters above the ground and are covered with foil in the same way. You can also grow seedlings in pots on the windowsill and balcony loggias. But it is more difficult to create the necessary conditions.

Planting seeds

It is better not to plant seeds in ordinary soil. A special soil mixture is prepared for greenhouses, consisting of turf, sand and peat in equal amounts. After the layer of this mixture is poured, they wait for the desired temperature to reach under the film. If the soil already has 20-25 degrees of heat, you can safely start planting seeds.

Cabbage seeds are sown in a row in the soil mixture to a depth of about one centimeter. A sufficient distance between the sowing lines is 3 centimeters. Between the seeds - one.

Seedlings can be grown in a tray

Shoots will appear in 4 or 5 days. All this time, the temperature in the greenhouse should be the same as when planting - 20-25.

After the entrances, it is reduced to 10 degrees. After a week, the greenhouse should get warmer again. The optimum temperature during the day is from 14 to 17 degrees, at night - 9.

When the seedlings are 14 days old, the sprouts can be transplanted into separate containers, for example, with a peat mixture. But this is not necessary - a simple thinning will be enough.

But if the picking (transplantation) of plants is nevertheless carried out, then an hour before this, it is necessary to water the seedlings with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. By the way, such watering once a week for seedlings will not be superfluous. Sprouts need to be taken out of the soil along with clods of earth.

And in new ground sit on the lower leaves. After transplanting, the temperature in the greenhouse rises a couple of degrees so that the plants take root. After that, the previous mode returns.

It should be noted that the temperature regime in the greenhouse is very important. If it's too hot, the seedlings will thin out and grow taller, making them unsuitable for growing. further transplant. Accordingly, at low temperatures, growth slows down significantly or does not occur at all.

Crops must be accustomed to the cold

Before the plants move to permanent place greenhouse, they must undergo a certain hardening - get used to the effects external environment. The greenhouse needs to be ventilated more often, and the temperature in it should be reduced by a couple of degrees.

Before the transplant process, plants can be “feeded” by spraying with a special solution of urea and potassium sulfate - one tablespoon per bucket of water. For one sprout, you need to use about a glass of water.

Transplanting

Seedlings are ready for planting if the plants already have 3-4 leaves. Early cabbage is planted in greenhouses usually in early April. A good seedling is considered green with a purple tint. The one that is greener has weak roots and may not take root. For a whole week before planting, the seedlings do not need to be watered; it is necessary to pour abundantly immediately before removing it from the soil.

Seedlings are planted in rows, between which there should be a distance of 60 centimeters. Most convenient for further work with seedlings, if there is a gap of 30 centimeters between the seedlings. The sprout is placed in a hole filled with water with fertilizer, preferably together with the soil in which it germinated.

That is, the soil from the roots does not need to be shaken off. Just as with picking, the stem is covered with earth to the base of the first leaves. Next, you need to lightly tamp the soil around the root in order to ensure the greatest contact between the plant and the new soil.

Ready crops are planted in the ground

Seedling care: watering and pest control

Seedlings should be watered at least twice a week. Moreover, about 8 liters of water are consumed per square meter. It is better to do it in the morning.

Once every 10 days, cabbage can be fed with sulfate solutions or tinctures of mullein, urea. After each such fertilizer, the soil must be loosened.

Spud seedlings when she is 20 days old, again - after another 10.

Seedlings need to be fertilized

For active growth cabbage, seedlings can be fed with various fertilizers from time to time. These can be superphosphate, potash, and nitrogen fertilizers.

Wood ash can be used as top dressing. It is sprinkled with cabbage leaves. Plus, such a fertilizer will protect plants from various pests, although they are quite rare in greenhouse cultivation.

If you add naphthalene to the ashes, you can get rid of cabbage flies, whites and scoops. Tobacco dust with lime will help ward off cruciferous flea.

With proper greenhouse cultivation of cabbage, seedling troubles are rare. But still, you should know the enemy in person. There are some of the most common diseases that affect cabbage:

Kila cabbage

Black leg - expressed in the decay of the stem.

• Peronosporosis - spots and plaque appear on cabbage.
• Kila - swelling and growths appear on plants.

But if you pre-produce heat treatment seeds, as indicated above, such problems should not arise.

One of the main rules for caring for cabbage is to avoid shadows. This plant is photophilous. Also, high yield provide regular watering and ventilation of the greenhouse.

Harvest

You need to collect early cabbage when a loose head is formed. For medium and late varieties - the head should be quite dense. But the main thing in this matter is not to overexpose the head of cabbage on the stem so that it does not start to crack. Otherwise, such cabbage will not lie for a long time.

By the way, with a neat cut of the head, the plant may well form a new head of cabbage.

Growing cabbage in a greenhouse gives much more guarantees for a positive result than in open ground. After all, all the necessary temperature conditions are observed in the greenhouse. And determination, lack of laziness and the implementation of the above simple rules guarantee an excellent harvest.

Cultivation of white cabbage usually begins with the preparation of seedlings. It is almost impossible to grow strong seedlings in a city apartment, it is too hot there, but it is not difficult to do this in greenhouses. It is only necessary to sow the seeds on time and put a little effort into caring for young plants.

Is it necessary to grow cabbage through seedlings

The question of the obligation to grow cabbage seedlings is connected with two points: what kind of cabbage are we talking about, and in what region do we live. The fact is that many late varieties of white cabbage have a life cycle of about six months, or even more. This means that even if the harvest is planned for mid-October, it is necessary to sow the seeds in early April, which is difficult to do directly in the garden in the middle zone. Early varieties stay in the garden for a much shorter time, but if they are sown immediately in a permanent place, then the harvest can no longer be called early.

However, it turns out that even in the southern regions, where March crops in the garden are quite possible, cabbage is often grown through seedlings; However, they do not do it at home. They simply sow the seeds in a garden bed thickly, and then plant them out, that is, they actually grow them through seedlings. What for? The fact is that with a transplant, cabbage heads work out better: a seemingly traumatic operation only benefits the seedlings.

Is it possible not to bother and immediately sow the seeds in the holes in a permanent place, and harvest in the fall? It's possible, they do it too. But often with this simplistic approach, the plants are weaker (they do not develop roots so well), and as a result, the yield is reduced. Thus, it must be recognized that growing white cabbage through the seedling stage is optional, but highly desirable.

When to sow: lunar calendar 2019

You should immediately decide on the order of sowing cabbage seeds different terms maturation. Not everything is clear here, although the logic is there. Seedlings of any variety are planted in a permanent place at the age of 40 to 50 days. If the cabbage is early, then you need to take full advantage of this term and get vitamin products as early as possible. This cabbage will not be stored, heads of cabbage are usually small, not very dense, they are happily eaten in the form of salads. Therefore, early varieties are sown first for seedlings. Usually in middle lane this happens in mid-March, but if there is such an opportunity (southern region or greenhouse), this can be done in February.

Early cabbages have small heads, but the meaning is not in size: the road is a spoon for dinner

Cabbage of late varieties is intended for long-term storage in cellars in fresh. Her heads of cabbage reach ripeness in the autumn months, even fall on the beds under slight frosts, which does not bother them at all: they should be put in the cellar as later as possible. Therefore, too early sowing is optional. However, based on the length of the growing season, it turns out that the approximate sowing dates for late varieties fall in mid-April.

Late varieties grow in dense heads, stay in the garden for a long time, so they also have to be sown early.

Cabbage of medium ripening is grown for autumn consumption (it is stored worse than late) and pickling, which is usually done in autumn. Therefore, these varieties are harvested in September-October, and in order for it to ripen by this time, seeds can be sown a little later than in the case of late varieties. Sowing dates are around the end of April. Obviously, all the dates mentioned are approximate: in the south they shift somewhat in one direction, and in the conditions of the Urals or Siberia - in the other.

At the end of the twentieth century, a boom began among gardeners associated with the publication different kind sowing calendars associated with life cycle heavenly luminaries. The most popular is the Lunar calendar, which links the favorable and unfavorable days of gardening with the constellation in which the Earth's satellite, the Moon, is located.

There is undeniable evidence that growth different cultures it is connected in different ways with the phases of the moon, but it is difficult to judge how serious this influence is: as a rule, those summer residents who strictly follow the calendars get approximately the same harvest, and those who simply have no time to follow them.

Counts,that the periods of new moon and full moon are forbidden for sowing, transplanting and any other operations with plants. These days, the flora, as it were, freezes and prepares for a change. lunar phase. If you strictly follow the Lunar calendar, then in 2019 the following days are allowed for sowing cabbage:

• in February - 21, 22, 25, 26;
• in March - 20, 21, 25, 26;
• in April - 18, 21;
• in May - 19, 24.

It would be sad to look at these dates (and they are given in many authoritative sources!). If they are strictly followed, then the most necessary time falls out of sowing: the beginning and middle of April. And if the gardener should be at work on the 18th and 21st... Fortunately, other publications publish their versions of the calendar, less strict ones, and the April dates in them look like this: April 7, 8, 18, 20–21.

Well, it’s easier, there are days at the beginning of the month. All this would be ridiculous, but indeed, after looking through a dozen magazines and Internet sites, you come to the conclusion that many people write the way they want, and if this is the case, then it makes little sense to strictly follow such calendars. There is time - we focus on the source we like, trustworthy. No - we sow when we have free time, relying on scientific data and our own experience.

Preliminary preparation

Preparation for sowing cabbage for seedlings consists in the purchase and processing of containers, seeds and soil. In terms of packaging, nothing special is required. Yes, it is very convenient to use peat tablets or pots. But cabbage is normally transplanted, so you can grow it at home even in common boxes. And since the picking is only good for her, it is best to prepare small boxes and any cups about 7 x 7 cm in size. Nothing is needed in the greenhouse: the seeds are sown directly into the ground.

Seed preparation

Regarding the preparation of seeds, you can read many recipes. These include calibration, decontamination, soaking, tempering, etc. Let's ask ourselves: do we have time for all this? If the seeds are collected in your own garden, then almost all of this, indeed, will have to be done. But how many summer residents prepare their cabbage seeds, which she gives only in the second year? After all, it is necessary to preserve a healthy stalk until spring, plant it, take care of it ... The store now sells seeds for every taste, and in the case of cabbage varieties, they are not so expensive.

Yes, until recently there were firms that could hardly be trusted, and instead of cabbage you could buy, for example, turnips. Now most of these organizations have left the market. True, regrading happens, and you can run into a completely different variety that you wanted, but, in terms of quality, the seeds, as a rule, are sold quite suitable, and they do not require any additional preparation. Cabbage seeds remain viable for 4–5 years, and fresher seeds are usually put on the market.

Cabbage seeds are medium in size, easy to handle

Calibration is advised to be carried out by lowering the seeds into salt water. Well, this method is good for light seeds like peppers or tomatoes! In cabbage, almost all the seeds will sink, only the broken ones will float, and there are very few of them. Do I need to disinfect purchased seeds? I haven't done this in many years. But those who wish, fearing for the presence of infectious agents in the bag, can do this. The recipe is simple: 15–20 minutes in a dark purple solution of potassium permanganate at a temperature of about 48–50 ° C, followed by rinsing.

Many gardeners advise soaking seeds before sowing, including in solutions of microfertilizers. Of course, this does not harm at all, but it will not give a big effect either. As, however, and hardening of soaked seeds in the refrigerator. Cabbage is so cold-resistant that such measures will only take your time, and in our fast age you can spend it on something more necessary.

High-quality cabbage seeds, if they are not found on some treasured shelf and have not been stored there for many years, will sprout even without any preparation, dry, and a difference of one or two days will not make us weather. Therefore, you should listen to all the advice, but pass them through yourself, deciding whether to carry out this or that stage.

Soil preparation

But careful preparation of the soil for sowing is already more serious, especially if the soil is taken from the garden. At least, it is impossible to take it from the garden where cruciferous plants (cabbage, radish, radish) grew. To grow a small amount of seedlings, you can buy soil in the store, but if you have something to cook from, you should not waste your money. Moreover, we are only talking about growing seedlings at home, and this is done infrequently: at home, cabbage seedlings are just very hot.

So, if home sowing is supposed, then the best composition of the soil is soddy land, peat and sand, taken in equal proportions. In addition, a half-liter jar of wood ash must be added to a bucket of such a mixture. You can also have a couple of tablespoons of superphosphate, but you can do without it, it’s better to make up for the lack of fertilizers with top dressing.

For growing cabbage seedlings, it is not recommended to use humus, even good quality: at the same time, she grows more pampered.

Self-prepared soil must be disinfected. The choice of method is an amateur. Freezing the soil is easy to do, but it does not kill all possible pathogens. Steaming in the oven at a temperature of about 100 ° C is more reliable, but at this time it will not be so pleasant to be in the kitchen. In addition, hot processing kills beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Probably, optimal way is, after all, pouring with a solution of potassium permanganate.

In contrast to seed dressing, for soil, the concentration of the solution should be lower. There is no point in bringing numerical values: Well, how will the average Russian layman take a sample of 0.5 g at home? It should be a pink solution. Not a faint pink, but such that the coloring is quite intense. But through the solution, poured into a liter jar, it was possible to discern what was behind it. Here's a guideline. It is better to shed the soil with a warm solution, but not hot. So that it becomes clearly wet. After that, she will have to dry out for a couple of days, otherwise it will not even be possible to make grooves for sowing.

The middle solution is suitable for soil disinfection, and the one on the left is suitable for seeds.

How to grow seedlings of early and late cabbage at home

Cabbage seedlings are elementary grown in open ground, at least late and medium-late varieties and in not too northern regions. At home, in a city apartment, this has to be done only for early production, but it is extremely difficult to grow high-quality seedlings at home. The best option for most regions is a small greenhouse or unheated greenhouse.

On the windowsill in a house or apartment

If it became necessary to grow seedlings on the windowsill, then this should be the coldest and most illuminated window sill in the house. And the owners will have to put up with constantly open windows: a temperature that is comfortable for a person is fatal for cabbage seedlings.

It makes no sense to immediately sow the seeds in separate pots, unless these are peat tablets. All the same, 10 days after germination, they will need to be transplanted with pinching off the tip of the main root: this is the only way to grow relatively strong seedlings at home. Therefore, we sow in a small box. Two weeks of stay of seedlings remarkably withstand suitable rectangular carton boxes from under milk, kefir, juice, etc. If you cut off one of the large sides of the box, and make several holes in the second to drain excess water, you get a great container for the first time. Moreover, a soil layer of more than 4 cm is not needed in the sowing container. The sowing technique is simple, but seedling care is not very good:

1. We sow the seeds in moist soil, in grooves, at a distance of about 3 cm from each other. Embedding depth - about 1 cm.

   For primary sowing, any improvised container will do.

2. We fall asleep with soil, compact. You can cover with glass, but they will rise like that. We have a few days of quiet life, as long as the box of crops can be at room temperature.
3. As soon as at least a couple of sprouts have hatched, put the box into the brightest light and into the cold: 10–12 o C during the day and 6–8 o C at night. If you miss at least one day, you can throw it away and sow again. During the day in the heat, the seedlings stretch up to 5 cm, and they can no longer be saved.
4. If everything is fine with the temperature (only the owners are cold), care is simple: do not overheat for the first week, then it can be a few degrees higher, but not more than 16 ° C. Night heat is especially terrible.
5. Water lightly so as not to dry out the soil. And as much light as possible! If the seedlings are too thick and are already shading themselves, do not wait, we thin out.
6. While there is time, we are preparing a new home. Individual cups are best, but a more spacious drawer with a depth of at least 7-8 cm is also suitable.
7. In ten days, the first true leaf will lean over the cotyledon leaves. This is a signal that it is time for the seedlings to dive.
8. The pick is usual: carefully dig out the seedlings. If the spine is small, you can hardly touch it, and pinch the medium and long ones, tearing off a few millimeters from the top. We plant in the hole, squeeze the soil with our fingers, carefully water it. If we dive into a common box, the diagram is approximately 6 x 6 cm.

   It is necessary to dive early: there should be at most one real leaf

9. For the first few days we put it in partial shade, the temperature is 18–20 ° C. Then we return it to a cold illuminated window sill.
10. In the phase of two true leaves, we feed with any complex fertilizer according to his instructions. A week before planting in the garden, we repeat top dressing.
11. Immediately after the second feeding, we accustom the seedlings to even more severe conditions, taking them out to the balcony for a while.

Seedlings ready for planting should have a stocky appearance, a thick stem and 5-6 succulent leaves.

Good seedlings are low, but strong

The advantage of growing seedlings on the windowsill is only one: they are supervised all the time. But it creates a lot of inconvenience.

Video: growing cabbage seedlings

in the greenhouse

If there is a small unheated greenhouse in the country, it is better to use this option. True, it will be necessary to visit the seedlings often: ideally, at least every other day. It makes the most sense greenhouse cultivation seedlings of early cabbage; varieties of a later ripening period in the middle lane and in the south can be sown already in open ground, under temporary shelter.

Sowing early varieties of cabbage in a greenhouse can be carried out at any time, which is determined only by the climate of the region and the current weather: the seeds must germinate at a temperature inside the greenhouse of at least 10 ° C, otherwise their hatching will take too long, and under adverse conditions, the death of part of the seeds is possible. You can sow both in a box (just like in an apartment), and directly in a prepared seedling bed.

The first method of growing seedlings is no different from growing on a windowsill: the same sowing, the same care, compliance with temperature, humidity and light conditions. But picking is possible both in cups or big box, and directly into the garden, as it is more convenient for the gardener.

If sowing seeds is carried out in a garden bed, it is necessary to prepare the soil in it in the same way as for a box: make it loose and safe. It is better to replace the soil in the seedbed in general, preparing it in the same way as at home: from earth, sand, peat and ash. Before sowing, shed it with a solution of potassium permanganate, let it dry, loosen and sow the seeds according to a convenient pattern.

The latter implies that seedlings can be grown in the garden without picking, if only the temperature is strictly observed. If by the time the true leaves are formed, the seedlings have not stretched at all, the picking can be omitted. Obviously, if you plan to do without picking, you should immediately sow the seeds less often, according to the 6 x 6 cm scheme (or thin out the seedlings after they sprout and grow slightly).

In the greenhouse, seedlings can be grown both in pots and in the garden.

Growing in a greenhouse involves systematic ventilation by opening doors or windows. The risk of infection with a black leg is no lower than at home, and this sore attacks, first of all, with excessive soil and air moisture. Growing seedlings of cabbage in a greenhouse is more convenient than at home, but these advantages are manifested only on the condition that the owner can systematically monitor its condition.

Video: cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse

Outdoor cultivation

In the garden, you can immediately sow cabbage seeds in a permanent place, as soon as the weather allows. To reduce the risk, several seeds are placed in each prepared well and for the first time the wells are covered with a cropped plastic bottle. This approach saves time because it does not require a subsequent transplant, but, as a rule, it is still so difficult to work with the earth in early spring that it is easier to prepare a small seedling bed than big garden for growing cabbage in the "from and to" mode.

Video: growing cabbage in the ground without seedlings

Of course, the possibility of growing seedlings in the garden also depends on when it will be possible to get to the site: sometimes the roads dry out too late. But as a rule, in central Russia in mid-April, sowing is already possible. It is better to prepare a small bed in the fall, dug it up well with the addition of a fair amount of wood ash. Then, on the very first spring visit to the dacha, you can only slightly loosen the soil and, having made grooves, sow seeds in them.

By the way, rows of cabbage can be alternated with rows of relatively cold-resistant annual flowers: asters, phlox, godetia, etc. If you take a chance, you can sow dahlias "Merry Fellows", and marigolds, and salvia.

After sowing, the bed should be covered with plastic wrap. But it is better to pull it at a height of 10-15 cm. Ideal for such a temporary shelter window frames with opening sashes, which were thrown away in large quantities during the boom in the installation of plastic windows. Having nailed boards with a width of 10 cm and above along the perimeter of such a frame, we get a wonderful portable greenhouse.

Under such a shelter it will not be too hot, and you should not be afraid that the shoots will stretch. No, this is at home one day of delay with a decrease in temperature leads to the death of seedlings. In the open field, when we arrive at the site next weekend, we may not see seedlings yet, depending on the weather. Well, in another week shoots will appear for sure; by then it will be warmer and the shelter can be removed.

For the first week, you can cover the crops with any improvised material.

In open ground, watering of seedlings is almost never required: there are enough winter reserves of moisture in the soil. It is only necessary to periodically loosen the earth between the rows and remove weeds. Top dressing is desirable: in the same way as at home, in the phase of two true leaves and after another two weeks. It is not necessary to dive, but thinning is necessary: ​​in rows, 6–7 cm should be left between plants. It will be possible to plant seedlings in a garden bed at the usual time.

The advantage of open ground is colossal: seedlings never stretch. She has enough light and is still quite cool. No need to mess with containers for sowing, drag boxes back and forth ... Disadvantages? Yes, in fact, they are not.

Benefits of using cassettes

Let's get back to housing. Talking about individual pots, we completely forgot to discuss what they should be. But those days have passed when the housewives themselves folded the likeness of cups from plastic film or paper. Now the most economical ones collect plastic cups from sour cream, cottage cheese, etc. all year round. It is important that they are not too small: you need a volume of at least 200 ml.

Ordinary cassettes are a box divided into cells

But it is even more convenient to use the so-called cassettes: in them, individual cups are combined into a common box-type matrix. They are easy to transport, but each bush in them lives in its own home, and the roots do not intertwine. And the most convenient if they also have removable bottoms. Not quite removable, but easily pushed out by pressing a finger along with a clod of earth and a seedling bush. Seedlings are easily removed from such cups and without damage to the root system. The relative minus (they cost money) is compensated by durability: such cassettes serve for many years.

And this is how individual cups with an easily retractable bottom look like: they are also placed in a common tray

Use of peat tablets

Peat tablets are compressed peat with additions of fertilizers and, sometimes, growth stimulants. Issued different sizes: from 2.5 cm in diameter. Before use, the tablets are placed in a pan and gradually poured with plenty of water. Water is absorbed, the tablets grow up (they are limited by a braid from the sides) and turn into cylindrical peat containers for sowing seeds. A small recess is made for the seed in one of the ends.

Water pills swell and turn into nutrient pots

For cabbage, you need to use tablets with a diameter of 4 cm or more. Just in case, 2-3 seeds are sown in each tablet, and then excess plants are cut off. The pallet with tablets is kept at room temperature and in the light until shoots appear. Then the temperature is sharply reduced and seedlings are grown under normal conditions.

Tablets are poured "from below", pouring water into the pan; right amount moisture is absorbed into the peat.

Feeding is not necessary: ​​the material of the tablets contains a sufficient amount of nutrients. Diving when using tablets is not required, but if the roots begin to sprout and intertwine with the roots of neighbors, the seedlings, along with the tablet, will have to be transplanted into a larger pot with soil mixture. The convenience of using peat tablets is obvious. The downsides are that the tablets are relatively expensive, and it only makes sense to buy them in small quantities.

Features of growing seedlings in different regions of Russia

The technology for growing cabbage seedlings does not depend on the region: the recipes are quite standard. Naturally, the timing of sowing seeds and the place differ: in the south there is no point in sowing cabbage in apartment conditions, but in the north this often has to be done.

So, in the Moscow region, the seeds of early cabbage are sown in late March or early April, and this can only be done at home or in a greenhouse. But late cabbage is sown already in open ground, as soon as the weather permits. In the Kuban, sowing in the garden is possible already in March, and in Siberia or the Urals - not earlier than the end of April. If in the middle lane and in the south, before planting seedlings in open ground, hardening can be carried out (this is a desirable stage), but in the Siberian region it is mandatory.

In the southern regions (Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Astrakhan Region), in mid-March, it is already possible to even plant seedlings in open ground, so sowing seeds in an unheated greenhouse is possible in mid-February. In these regions, on the contrary, it is desirable to finish all things with cabbage in the spring: even adult plants cannot stand extreme heat. But in the conditions, for example, Leningrad region late cabbage, sown on seedlings with a slight delay, may not have time to form properly, so seeds are sown here in March or April, but greenhouse conditions are used for this.

If you observe the temperature regime, give enough light and water in moderation, cabbage seedlings grow strong and healthy. Unless, of course, some infection was introduced with the soil. We have already discussed the issue of pulling seedlings: if it has grown a few centimeters in the first day, it is better to throw it away. If the stretch is small, you can carefully pour clean soil to the roots, water lightly and immediately correct the flaws with heat and light.

The main danger for cabbage seedlings is the black leg. Its first sign is the blackening of the root collar, the thinning of the stem, and then its drying out. At the first suspicion of a disease, diseased specimens should be carefully pulled out and discarded, the soil should be poured with a light pink solution of potassium permanganate, and clean river sand should be carefully poured to the roots of the remaining plants. Even more reliable means there will be a transplant of healthy plants in a clean land.

Seedlings that have fallen ill with a black leg cannot be saved, but you can try to save neighboring, still healthy plants

Sometimes seedlings acquire an unnatural blue-violet hue. If this is not a characteristic color for the variety, most likely the color is associated with deviations from the regime. Perhaps there is simply not enough nutrition, and liquid top dressing can rectify the situation. Yellowing of seedlings may also be due to a lack of any nutrients or errors in watering.

Sometimes the leaves of cabbage seedlings are covered with small holes. There are several reasons, but only one serious one: perhaps a cruciferous flea was brought with the soil. You can destroy it in seedlings only by spraying with chemicals: for starters, you can try a relatively safe Bordeaux liquid or even an ash infusion. It is undesirable to use more severe chemicals on seedlings.

Other pests cabbage plants seedlings are rarely affected, and if they are found, it is necessary to study the relevant literature and apply specific chemicals. But if the seedlings are clearly dying, unfortunately, nothing can be done already. In most cases, the owner was to blame when he did something wrong. Well, sometimes - accidentally caught pests that were not noticed in time. Most often, seedlings die from a black leg. But when grown in open ground, seedlings almost never die.

In our next article you will learn about all the landing rules bell pepper on seedlings and features of caring for it:

Growing cabbage seedlings is not difficult, unless they are doing it in a warm city apartment. Comfortable conditions for seedlings and its owner are radically different. But if conditions of good light and coolness are created, cabbage seedlings grow strong and healthy: other operations when caring for it do not require anything supernatural.

Also in the greenhouse much more convenient for the same reason. In a certain period of growth, it needs different temperature conditions, which is very difficult to provide at home. And high-quality seedlings are the key to a good harvest. How cabbage is grown, we will consider further.

Find out about which can be grown in a greenhouse on our website.

cabbage varieties

By all accounts, in a greenhouse it is better to grow early varieties cabbage. They can be used not only in salads and cooking, but also sour. The earliest ripening white cabbage is Dietmar Early. She gives the first harvest in 50-70 days after the seedlings are planted.

A round, slightly flattened head of cabbage can weigh up to 1.5 kg. You can remove up to 40 kg from 10 sq. m. The most common variety in gardeners' greenhouses.

The Golden Hectare 1432 variety does not crack and is very tasty. Ripens within 105-130 days after the first sprouts appear. Heads of cabbage have White color and grow up to 3 kg. Suitable for salads, hot cooking and pickling.

A friendly harvest gives the variety "Number One K-206", ready for harvest 100-120 days after the appearance of the first shoots. Productivity up to 40 kg/10 sq.m. m, heads of cabbage weighing up to 2 kg. You can choose and early hybrid varieties of cabbage bred by foreign breeders - Dutch, French, Polish, etc.

Landing and care

Grow cabbage in a greenhouse even for beginners vegetable gardener. The technology for growing early cabbage in a greenhouse is not complicated. It is enough to follow the rules and know some of the subtleties of caring for it. When to plant cabbage for seedlings in a greenhouse?

The seeds are sown in February, in the greenhouse seedlings are planted in mid-April. Some, the most daring specialists, sow seeds in December, illuminating the seedlings with phytolamps, while receiving a harvest in early June.

seeds

Even in the greenhouse cabbage is grown only from seedlings. How to grow seedlings of early cabbage in a greenhouse? To get strong seedlings, you need to choose and plant the seeds correctly. Choose the largest and darkest.

Before planting, they must be processed - first 20 minutes in hot water(up to 50 ° C), then lowered for several minutes in cold water and dried. As a prevention of fungal diseases, they can be treat with a solution of nitrophoska.

Planting seeds

It is best to sow seeds for seedlings on steam beds or greenhouses. When growing cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse, biofuels are most often used. To prepare a steam bed, you need in the ground dig a trench up to 30 cm deep and 100-120 cm wide. Biofuel is laid on its bottom, covered with earth from above. For seedlings, a substrate of equal parts of soddy land, peat and sand is most suitable.

seedling care

How to grow cabbage seedlings in an unheated greenhouse or under a film? In the soil warmed up to 20 ° C, seeds are planted to a depth of 1 cm. A frame with a film at least 30 cm high is installed on top. The first shoots hatch after 4 days, this means that you can open a greenhouse during the daytime to harden seedlings. Watering seedlings is not yet recommended. After the appearance of the first leaf, the temperature should be raised by 2-3°C until reaching 10-12°C.

When the first 1-2 leaves appear, seedlings need to thin out and begin active watering and fertilizing seedlings. During her growth feed 3 times.

The first time they are fed with a mixture of phosphorus, potash and nitrogen fertilizers, the second time - only with nitrogen, and the third time - before planting seedlings in a greenhouse - they are again fed with a nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus mixture. Watering is carried out daily in the morning.

Transplanting seedlings in a greenhouse

The most important thing - seedlings - you have already grown. There is very little left, the main chores behind. Before planting seedlings in a greenhouse, the soil is prepared. In addition, the greenhouse must be equipped with additional illumination lamps.

Cultivation of seedlings of cabbage, proven way for creating optimal conditions, which is increasingly gaining popularity among gardeners and summer residents.

The soil

Cabbage is a plant that loves a lot of water, so the soil for it must be dense, well retaining moisture. It is better to start cooking it in the fall - dig it up properly, no less than on a shovel bayonet, while at the same time applying fertilizer. It can be compost humus or manure and mineral fertilizers. Doesn't like cabbage acidic soils therefore, if necessary, liming should be carried out in the fall.

It is impossible to plant cabbage on the same land from year to year. Crop rotation must be observed otherwise you won't get a good harvest.

The best predecessors for her are cucumbers, potatoes, onions or legumes, after which many useful substances remain in the ground.

Transplanting

Transplantation to the greenhouse is done when the sprouts have formed 4 leaves, it looks strong and has green-lilac color. If the sprouts are light green in color, this indicates their weakness and unwillingness to transplant.

A few days before landing seedlings need to be hardened off a little. To do this, in the greenhouse, the daytime temperature drops to 16-18°C, and the night temperature to 12°C. It is also aired regularly. It is better to survive seedlings by transshipment, without shaking off an earthen ball from the roots, so as not to damage them. A hole is made in the ground, watered with water and fertilizer.

A seedling is lowered into the hole, the earth around it is tightly compacted, which ensures maximum root-to-soil contact. There should be a distance of at least 30 cm between seedlings. Watering cabbage should be started a week after planting, when the seedlings are well rooted.

Care

Caring for cabbage in a greenhouse consists of regular watering, loosening the soil, fertilizing and maintaining temperature and light conditions. Cabbage is very photophilous, daylight hours for her should be 14-17 hours. If necessary, it must be illuminated.

The temperature for normal growth and maturation is maintained at 16-20°C. Once every 2 weeks cabbage fed with manure dissolved in water. Required humidity - 70-80%, watering should be regular and plentiful.

Types of cabbage

White cabbage, although it holds the championship, is still not the only one. Now in the gardens you can often see beds with broccoli, Peking and cauliflower. them too can be successfully grown in a greenhouse.

Beijing

Wonderful lettuce - Beijing- precocious, her can be harvested after 40-80 days after germination. The conditions for growing Beijing cabbage in a greenhouse are a temperature of 16-18 ° C, loose fertile soil.

Shoots appear at a temperature of 20°C, then it is reduced to 10°C. Seedlings grow within 20 days at a daytime temperature of 22°C and a night temperature of 16°C. 20-day-old seedlings are transplanted into a greenhouse.

Beijing cabbage needs frequent watering, optimal humidity- 70-80%. The landing is carried out according to the scheme 20x20. It is fertilized with superphosphates, humus, ammonia fertilizers and potassium chloride three times from planting seedlings to harvesting.

It is often planted in a greenhouse along with cucumbers and tomatoes as a "compacter". A head of medium density weighing 300 g is considered ripe. With proper care you can collect up to 8 kg from 1 sq. m.

Broccoli

AT recent times nutritionists strongly advise including broccoli in the diet. Some call it a "rejuvenating" vegetable for the content of methionine and choline in it, which prevent the accumulation of “bad” cholesterol in the body. The richest set of trace elements and vitamins makes it an invaluable product on our table.

The process of growing broccoli in a greenhouse is no more difficult than breeding ordinary cabbage. It can be sown with seeds in a greenhouse as early as March (it is quite frost-resistant). Seeds germinate fairly quickly, and after 10-12 days the seedlings already have 3-4 leaves.

The temperature regime is 18°C ​​during the day and 12°C at night. The soil is prepared in the fall - it is dug up and fertilized with superphosphate, organic matter, ammonium nitrate and potassium salts, and limed if necessary.

Further care consists in loosening, weeding and deep watering (at least 40 cm). Before the flowers bloom cutting off the center heads, which grew to 10-12 cm in diameter, while grabbing 10 cm of the stem.

The heads and stem are quite edible, but if they grow further, they will become loose and tasteless. Pruning will make it possible for children to grow - small offspring up to 6 cm.

color

This is the most demanding type of care cabbage. But it is easier to grow it in a greenhouse than in the open field, because you can create optimal mode temperature and humidity. The soil and air temperature should not exceed 16-18°C, and humidity should be high. If these conditions are not met, her head will lose density and begin to crumble. The greenhouse must be ventilated regularly.

There is features and in top dressing cauliflower. Cauliflower in a greenhouse does not tolerate nitrogen and potash fertilizers. Good composition there will be an infusion of mullein with the addition of superphosphate, potassium sulfate and urea. For the second top dressing in this composition is required add ammonium molybdate and boric acid.

Molybdenum is needed cauliflower, otherwise its head will be coarser and change color to yellow-green or even yellow-blue. A mature healthy head of cabbage weighs about 400-500 g.

It will seem to someone that too much trouble and effort needs to be made to grow a good crop of cabbage in a greenhouse. But agree that growing costs early cabbage in the greenhouse worth it so that in the first months of summer there is fresh, full of vitamins, delicious cabbage on your plate. Good luck to everyone and bon appetit!

Useful information in the video:

​Related Articles​

The site for planting seedlings of cabbage should be chosen open and with fertile soil

Each seedling you choose is carefully removed from the ground (you can loosen it a little with a fork). In this case, the root is slightly shortened, thereby developing better in the future. The seedling is transplanted a little deeper, almost to the very leaves. The soil should be slightly compacted.

• Good lighting is essential for plant growth. With its lack of seedlings will be pale, lethargic and weak. Please note that daylight hours in February-March are shorter, and healthy seedlings will need 14-16 hours of bright light. That is why additional lighting is so necessary. Remember to turn the seedling containers towards the lights to ensure even lighting.​
• Let's say right away that the size of a greenhouse 1 m wide and 2-3 meters long can be considered standard. The height of such a structure is approximately 50-70 cm.

layout

In a dark corner, let there be a barrel of manure or grass and release carbon dioxide during fermentation, which accelerates growth.

Cabbage is rich not only in a whole bunch of vitamins - it is also valuable in useful minerals.

• We will make a temporary greenhouse without heating with our own hands.
• An important question is how to grow seedlings in a greenhouse so that it brings real income? And a concrete answer: we will get a successful result by observing the main rules for the coexistence of different species and rationally placing them.​
• If you grow cauliflower, it should be planted in the soil of the greenhouse, compacting the plantings with lettuce, radish or dill every 2 rows. Combined planting helps to increase the yield of cabbage. Cultivation of cauliflower in open ground is carried out with regular watering, loosening the soil and dusting the beds with wood ash. Cauliflower is fed along with watering, once in 10 it can be fertilized with mullein diluted in water.
• There are two polar points of view regarding the dive process. Some believe that this is a necessary process that hardens the plant, while others, on the contrary, think that in this way the root is damaged in the seedling and it can get sick and even die. Probably, here every gardener chooses his own option after gaining some experience.​

Containers for sowing should be chosen depending on whether you plan to pick seedlings. A professional approach involves the process of diving seedlings, so in this case, the seeds can be sown en masse according to varieties and species.​

Types of shelters

There is nothing easier and cheaper than collecting a place for growing seedlings from improvised materials. Today it is old refrigerators and old windows. As you can see, it doesn't look very good, but it functions perfectly.​

• These are the most comfortable dimensions not only for working on the site, but also for building a greenhouse. Here, the minimum material costs, the load on the frame, the convenience of covering with polyethylene, and so on are calculated.​
• Mulching with grass strengthens the roots, prevents overheating of the soil. In addition, rotten grass becomes a valuable fertilizer.
• However, each of its types requires specific conditions.
• Only pepper will not become "overgrown" from too early sowing, unlike tomatoes and eggplant.
• The foundation of 3x3 m from pipes with a diameter of 100 mm will be poured with concrete.

It is advisable to grow seedlings of cabbage and flowers here.

Greenhouse-hotbed

Cabbage is a very healthy and nutritious product. And a vegetable grown with your own hands at home will be several times more useful. For experienced gardener the process of growing cabbage is not too difficult, and a novice summer resident needs to be patient, correctly following the step-by-step instructions on how to grow cabbage seedlings.

• Do not forget about timely feeding
• Special boxes, propagators, pots with transparent lids are suitable here. Some of them are equipped with devices with weak electrical heating. Mass sowing is the simplest and most effective method seedling germination.

We thin out after the appearance of true leaves, leaving the seedlings 2 cm apart, then water them.

• Ideal for rapid seedling development
• In its corners we will install steel corners 80x80x80.

Let's choose a flat piece of land.

Advantages of growing seedlings in a home greenhouse:

The device of the greenhouse-pyramid

Attention, only TODAY!

After the appearance of the second level of leaves, the plants begin to feed. This can be done immediately during the preparation of the substrate for picking plants by adding “long-lasting” fertilizers to it in the proportions indicated on the package.​

• If you do not want to pick, then sow two seeds in separate containers (cups, pots, seedling cassettes or other handy household containers, for example, yogurt cups). Be sure to make a hole in each of them.
• A greenhouse for growing seedlings in the country can always be built with your own hands. Do not be lazy and give a great start to seedlings of crops from which you expect to get a good harvest.​
• Right away we want to tell you how to build a simple and cheap greenhouse for growing seedlings. Today we need to take care of healthy planting material, and not about the beauty of the site or structures, and therefore we do everything right and save as much as possible (anyway, after growing seedlings, we will remove the greenhouse from the site).​
• After half a month, we thin out again, now leaving 4 cm between them.
• We sow white cabbage after February 1, and seedlings with 3 leaves - from April 1. Dense, loamy, but always loose soil, fertilized with manure, frequent watering guarantees the successful cultivation of cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse.
• +20 degrees
• We attach boards to them - and the base is already ready.

We stretch the film on reinforcing arcs stuck into the ground a meter apart from each other, fixing it with bricks and boards.

The coating easily transmits sunlight and eliminates harmful radiation from entering the greenhouse;

Pyramid greenhouse with foundation

​0#1Solncebel22.07.2015 19:00I can't grow early cabbage at home. I plant it and it really is not yet formed in the head is already cracking. But the later turns out fine. Always get strong heads. Here is the problem with aphids, often attacking cabbage. I spray the usual poison for Colorado beetles only with soapy water to stick to the leaves. If it works out, then we sow the seeds for seedlings in a greenhouse, if not, then we grow them at home. We always plant a little more seeds than we are going to plant, because it always happens that some sprout does not take root, so we plant it from the remaining seedlings in its place. And then, despite all the tillage, we still collect aphids from the leaves by hand, and be sure to spud the sprouts during the first weeding. A lot spoiled in the first week after planting. The greenhouse helped out. There were no special problems during cultivation. There was aphid, but it was dealt with thanks to the ash-soap solution. Quote0#4Katya17.08.2015 14:45 In the southern regions in greenhouses, it makes sense to grow only early cabbage - fresh, young greens will ripen earlier. And mid-season and late cabbage ripens perfectly in open ground. In my area, late cabbage grows well in a place slightly shaded by trees: here moisture is better preserved in the soil, and in spring it is easier for seedlings to take root.

• Liquid fertilizers are applied weekly. Do not overdo it with fertilizer application: the plant will stretch too long and will be lethargic and skinny.
• Peat pots for seedlings
• ​In the greenhouse | No comments
• So, in order not to spend money, we propose to build a greenhouse from improvised materials, you will only need to buy a film.
• When the seedlings grow up, we add biohumus, peat, manure-soil in the aisle by 5 cm, ensuring looseness and nutrition of the soil.
• The sprouts are cold-resistant and tolerate even a five-degree frost, but before the emergence of shoots we maintain a temperature of +20 degrees, after that we reduce it to +10. Savings on heating are significant!​
• with air humidity

mini greenhouse

To its corners with self-tapping screws and steel plates we attach edges that converge at the top.

With flags, we mark the rows across the greenhouse 20 cm apart, marking the crop variety with a marker.

• Moisture slowly evaporates and lingers in the soil;
• In the greenhouse, before the main crop, you can grow high-quality seedlings of early, mid-early and medium varieties of cabbage. You won’t need a lot of seedlings for your garden, but you can completely occupy the greenhouse to sell seedlings on the market.
• As for growth stimulants, it’s up to you to “feed” seedlings with this or not. But again, stick to the measure: an overabundance affects the purity and environmental friendliness of the grown product.
• You can use very handy pots made from peat moss or pressed rice flour. Plants are planted in the ground directly in them, then the pots decompose in the soil. Convenient solution can also be peat coconut seedling tablets. But this, as you understand, is an additional cash outlay.​

At first glance, growing seedlings in a greenhouse seems quite simple and straightforward. But this is only at first, inexperienced look ... In fact, this process is quite time-consuming, troublesome and requires patience.​

Arcs can be used from last year, borrow extra ones from a neighbor, buy cheap and used ones. But if this is not possible, we make the arcs on our own. These can be metal-plastic pipes that remained after repair, fittings, metallic profile, thin pipe, thick steel wire, medium-diameter branches of trees of elastic species. At least it will be possible to use even a wooden beam, but then we will get not arcs, but a rectangular frame.​

• At +18 degrees outside, we harden the seedlings, removing the film for 15 minutes and increasing the hardening time every day. A week before planting, we reduce the temperature in the greenhouse to outside.
• Beijing cabbage is also valuable in vitamins, calcium, iron. We grow cabbage at a temperature of 17°C: its seeds germinate well even in this coolness, but with generous watering. And after 20 days, we plant the cabbage on the site - and this is what growing seedlings of early cabbage in a greenhouse is all about.
• ​60%​
• We fix them with an aluminum sheet.

Coating selection

2 weeks after shelter, we control the temperature under the film.

The microclimate is preserved, and the sprouts are protected from sudden changes in temperature.

Features of growing various seedlings

White cabbage seeds begin to germinate already at 3°C. This process accelerates with increasing soil temperature and reaches the optimum seedlings (3-4 days from sowing) at 20°C. It is better to place seedlings that have been picked and accustomed to the greenhouse, and before that, cultivation is carried out at home.

Pepper

As you can see, everyone can grow seedlings in a greenhouse, you just have to be patient, roll up your sleeves and remember all the subtleties that are described in the article. It is important to treat plants with love, even if they are future ones. Oddly enough, but this also plays an important role.​

• Pay attention!
• However, if you wish and follow all the rules, subtleties, growing seedlings of tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, cabbage and other vegetables can bring not only tangible benefits, but will captivate you; I think that you will want to do this in the future. Having determined the place and made the markup according to the parameters that we proposed earlier (or according to your own), install arcs or other frame elements around the perimeter. The maximum step between the arcs is 1 m, so as not to disturb the stability and bearing capacity after covering with a film. Greenhouses have excellent advantages: Cauliflower, valuable in calcium, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, requires abundant organic fertilizer. Therefore, on March 1, we will put the seeds in peat cubes and soil - The door is the south face. Optimal greenhouse parameters:
• First, we will distribute the landing sites of each crop, and in the fall we will prepare the soil in ridges and boxes - this is a well-drained, fertile land. Many summer residents optimally use the premises at the same time for sowing cold-resistant vegetables - they do not interfere with seedlings, and later play the role of compacting crops. Standard seedlings of white cabbage should have up to five true leaves (but no more) and age from shoots up to two months. When planting at the end of May, sowing should be done around March 25. Therefore, if you are not at all ready for the process of growing seedlings, you should still wait for this moment. Sooner or later, a person will definitely want to be closer to the earth and nature.​
• The second sowing method (that is, in separate containers) is most suitable for cucumbers and eggplants, since the root system of these plants is very sensitive to damage that is possible during transplantation.

Seedlings in a greenhouse - early vegetables on the table

cucumbers

When the arches are installed, you can lay down a low frame of wood or bricks under them, building, so to speak, a high bed. This is necessary in order to lay a high-quality seedling substrate for planting, in which the seeds will not only give maximum germination, but also quickly turn into strong seedlings.​

• the ability to grow seedlings at a convenient time and in different quantities;
• We can also provide +16 degrees comfortable for cabbage in a greenhouse - and the problem of how to grow cabbage seedlings in a greenhouse will be solved easily.
• ​80%​
• In the center we will make beds up to 80 cm high, propped up with boards or slate.

Tomatoes

Width 1 m for easy weeding;

• Using the greenhouse rationally, from March 10 to May 1 we are engaged in cabbage shoots, then until August 20 we collect cucumbers, and for the next 2 months - radishes and lettuce. In a heated spring greenhouse we sow the seeds already on March 1, and in 2 months we get excellent sprouts. Then, until August, we collect a crop of cucumbers in this shelter.
• Only strong, high-quality, hardened seedlings will withstand frosts and give a high yield. The pledge of such seedlings - pre-sowing treatment seeds.​
• Before buying seeds, it is important to ask the seller and examine the documents confirming the quality of the purchased products.

Cabbage

For seedlings, you can use soil prepared by yourself: garden soil, sand and humus in proportions of 3 * 4 * 3. The substrate should be uniform, without lumps, so you should sift it through a garden sieve. Further, it would be good to disinfect the soil mixture for a couple or in a microwave oven.

Many may have a reasonable question: why sow seeds in a greenhouse, if you can "throw the seeds" immediately into the open ground and wait for the seedlings to appear? In general, of course, you can do so. However, in this case, you should not wait for vegetables in spring or early summer; you will have them only by the end of summer or autumn.​

You can also tie up the frame of the greenhouse (arcs or wooden beams) with the device of the lower part to increase stability. Using a dozen clamps or a coil of binding wire, you will make sure that the arcs with the film will certainly not fly away with the wind.​

• save on fresh vegetables with proper care, observance of technology.
• We will cover the mini-design with removable beds for seedlings of cabbage, pepper, tomatoes, flowers with glass or films.
• length no more than 3 m, so that the wind does not break through the film;

In winter greenhouses, experienced farmers still make 5 turns:

Flower seedlings in a greenhouse

First of all, manual selection of seeds by size is carried out. The best seeds will be about 2 mm in diameter. Of the processing methods, one can name the placement of seeds in water with a temperature of 48 ... 50 ° C for 20 minutes, followed by cooling for 3 minutes in cold water, drying to flowability and sowing after that. Against bacteriosis and clubroot for the same 20 minutes, you can simply warm the seeds at a temperature of 50 ° C. After heat treatment, you can place the seeds in a solution for 1.5-2 hours boric acid and ammonium molybdate at a concentration of 0.5 g/l. Seeds with reduced germination are treated with a 0.5% urea solution.

Cabbage seeds remain viable for 3-4 years

• All this is carried out in advance so that after all the procedures the soil substrate can restore its microflora. If soil quality needs improvement, vermiculite or perlite can be added. These mineral fertilizers will enrich the composition of the soil with oxygen and maintain its permeability, which will reduce the likelihood of sprouts falling.
• But you want to taste freshly picked vegetables as soon as possible. This, however, does not apply to large-grain crops (legumes, cucurbits): these plants are not grown in greenhouses. But early cucumbers, tomatoes, cabbage will be obtained only by growing seedlings in a greenhouse or home greenhouse.
• We have already talked about film greenhouses, and therefore we advise you to choose a film for a greenhouse with approximately the same parameters. In short, it should be a material of medium strength and light transmission. Thus, the sun will warm up the greenhouse well, the film will live for a long time, and the temperature inside will remain close to stable even at night.​
• For different types, we must create certain conditions in the room by dividing the space with plastic wrap:

seedling care

Here's how to grow pepper seedlings in a greenhouse: we harden the shoots that appeared on the 4th day for a whole week at

The instruction allows frames made of plastic, wood or metal.

• height - 15 cm above the future seedlings, i.e. 50 cm
• Cucumber seedlings from December 25 to January 31;
• Seedlings in seed boxes grow until the first true leaf appears, after which they are dived. When picking, all weak, late-rising, affected by the “black leg”, as well as with a clear absence of the apical bud, are rejected. Peat flower pots 5x5 cm are suitable for picking. But the best seedling containers are cartridges with a diameter of 5-6 cm and a height of 10 cm. They can be made from pieces of an old, well-washed and disinfected with potassium permanganate or copper sulphate film. Even thick paper containers are suitable.
• After the soil has been prepared and the seeds have been purchased, you can prepare them for planting. The preparation process is divided into three stages:

• Prepare the soil for seedlings
• ​Another advantage is that you can plant crops of any variety you prefer. In addition, how much pleasure you can get from picking and eating the “fruits of your labors”!​
• It is advisable to buy the film from the roll, the parameters of which are most consistent with the size of the greenhouse. The stretching of the film is very simple - the material is transferred from one side to the other, evenly stretched in arcs, and a load, even old bricks or pieces of pipes, is tied to the edges of the film below to keep the covering on the frame.​

Thinning seedlings

• Maximum ventilation, dry air, optimal lighting, deep soil and abundant, but rare watering - peppers, tomatoes, eggplants;
• Note that the seedlings of annual flowers are more in demand by buyers - they can be transplanted at any stage of growth.
• ​+16С°​

Seedling hardening

First, we will find a place on the site that is most protected from wind and drafts.

Conclusion

Thick cellophane is stronger and retains heat longer. Its width is 2 m, together with an allowance for pressing bricks to the ground. The length for a two-meter greenhouse is 3.5 m, and for a three-meter one - 4.5 m.​

• Tomato seedlings from February 1 to March 1;
• When picking, seedlings (especially elongated ones) are deepened almost to the cotyledons in order to strengthen the seedlings due to the formation of additional roots.

Seed selection. For planting, large seed should be selected.

• If you are not sure that you can regularly water the seedlings, then you can add a hydrogel to the substrate in advance, which retains moisture at the roots of the seedlings. All of these fertilizers are freely available at garden centers.​
• You can sow anything

Now we just have to prepare a good soil for a greenhouse, find out or remember the agricultural technology of plants, the rules for growing seedlings, and get down to business.

Humid air, lack of drafts, frequent watering, low boxes due to shallow roots - cucumbers.

oteplicah.com

Practical greenhouse for seedlings with their own hands

We sow the Shabo carnation in January and look after it until May.

So that the sprouts do not stretch up and the stem does not become thinner.

We break the beds in it from east to west, which is favorable for seedlings.

When to build a greenhouse for seedlings?

We use the greenhouse as follows: we sow dry seeds in two-centimeter wet grooves - so they will not suffer from a sudden drop in temperature and will sprout faster. Cabbage will appear first, then tomatoes.

Seedling soil from the moment of sowing the seeds can be the same one that is intended for other vegetables.

Choosing a place for a greenhouse in the country

Disinfection of material and acceleration of seed germination. Seeds are placed in a gauze bundle or bag and lowered into water heated to 50 degrees for 20 minutes. After the seeds should be laid out on a flat plane, covered with a cloth and put in a cool place for 12 hours.

Attention!

Greenhouse options for seedlings

The sowing period is determined by two months: February-March. You can see more specific dates on the seed bag, because it depends on the variety of the crop. In addition, you should consider the climate of your region.​

But neighboring plants should not obscure each other.

Sage after germination in early March, we dive one by one into a pot, and only in June we will decorate a flower bed with it.

The simplest do-it-yourself polyethylene greenhouse

Airing, maximum lighting, fertilizing the soil, loosening it and watering it will give us hardy seedlings of pepper.

Biological fuel is suitable for heating. Manure, grass, dry leaves, straw or chicken droppings will warm the seedlings.

Arcs for the frame of the greenhouse

It is economical to grow seedlings in pyramid greenhouses: they are stable in strong winds and store heat well. And their shadow does not interfere with the surrounding plants.

Greenhouse device

The light conditions for the period of growing seedlings under the film are favorable, so the plants will not need any special light hardening. It should only be noted that cabbage seedlings cannot tolerate shading from the moment of germination until they are ready for planting.

Feeding future seedlings of cabbage. A nutrient solution is prepared from 15 g of sodium humate or other fertilizer and a liter of water. Seeds should be soaked in it for 12 hours before planting.

Covering the greenhouse with foil

The containers are filled with the finished substrate so that at least 1 cm remains to the top, and compacted by slightly pressing the soil to the bottom (with a hand or some object). It is important that there are no voids between the layers of soil.

To correctly calculate the time, there is such a way: you need to count down from the statistical date of the last frost. Given this nuance and the time indicated on the package, you are unlikely to sow the seeds prematurely. Here is an example scheme that you can follow:

Greenhouses in the country can be very diverse, and it is far from necessary to build an arc greenhouse, if there are options that are more interesting, and for some it is more convenient.

Nevertheless, growing seedlings for a greenhouse involves its subsequent transplantation into ridges or into deep boxes on racks. It is optimal to plant the seedlings themselves by June 1. After watching the video in this article, we will better understand our topic.​

DIY greenhouse (video)

Greenhouse options for seedlings

Astra is hardy - its seedlings will not die even with frosts down to -1 degrees. And her picking will provide 400 pieces per 1 sq. M.

Greenhouse for seedlings from polycarbonate

Pay attention! From seedlings to the first fruits - peppercorns even in the most early ripening varieties - almost 5 months, and only seedlings will bring this product closer to mid-summer.

Electrical appliances quickly dry out the air and soil in mini structures, so we will put buckets of water there.

Arc film greenhouse

Greens from November 21 to December 25 - just in time for the New Year's table.

Greenhouse thermos

It is better to put rooted seedlings in a greenhouse in boxes, under which a whole film is laid on the surface of the soil. The bottom of the boxes must also be covered with a film, but with holes for draining excess moisture from irrigation and fertilizing solutions.

The final stage of preparation. Seeds are rinsed in cold water and dried.

A simple greenhouse from windows

Mark seedlings so as not to confuse later

Sowing time can be calculated in advance

Wooden greenhouse with glass

​Most practical greenhouse, which you can buy and just plant the necessary crops inside. With him the least hassle and only positive emotions. But except for one thing - you will have to pay for a greenhouse, and a lot.

You can always build a greenhouse for growing seedlings in the country with your own hands. If growing seedlings at home is not possible, but the climate of your region allows you to do it right in your summer cottage, we suggest building a greenhouse for seedlings. With its help, it will be possible to drive out strong seedlings in the shortest possible time.

Cheap greenhouse for a summer residence

Marigolds are sown at the end of March, but near the entrance due to their noticeable smell.

Do-it-yourself greenhouse for seedlings (video)

Greenhouse for seedlings at their summer cottage (photo)

DachaDecor.ru

Optimal dimensions: base - 140x140 cm, height - 320 cm.

But still, it is the seedlings that give them the lion's share of the profit, because only 1500 dived seedlings will comfortably accommodate 1 sq. M.

Seedlings in boxes are easier to move around the greenhouse if necessary, and it is also more convenient to gradually cull seedlings that turn out to be of poor quality.

Shallow boxes or containers are filled with pre-prepared soil mixture. The soil is leveled, watered with a weak solution of manganese, shallow grooves are made in it, into which seeds are placed at a centimeter distance from each other. Seeds are sprinkled with earth, containers are covered with glass or polyethylene. In the process of growing seeds, it is sometimes necessary to raise the shelter for ventilation. After sunrise, the containers can be placed in the greenhouse, where they will stay for 5-7 days. Sunrise can be watered and gently loosen the soil.

Benefits of growing seedlings in a greenhouse

If you have many plant varieties in your greenhouse, be sure to label them. Do not rely on memory, after a while you will forget what and where you have sown. Prepare plastic labels on which indicate the name of the variety, manufacturer and date of sowing. Then stick them into the ground next to the future seedlings.

Tomatoes and eggplants - 6-8 weeks;

The greenhouse for seedlings is the simplest design, which corresponds to the agricultural technology of those plants, the seedlings of which we are going to grow. Most often, this is an ordinary arc, wooden or even wire frame covered with a film, but there are also more practical solutions.​

Sowing time

Ipomoea, petunia, phloxes will be sown in March directly into the manured soil of the greenhouse, and then the seedlings will dive into pots with a diameter of 10 cm.

We warm the soaked seeds of heat-loving cucumbers for 2 hours at +50 degrees and plant them in peat pots.

Manufacturing technology:

• To install a pyramid greenhouse with your own hands, you will need to take 4 strips of 1.5 m each and a durable two-layer film coating 1 m wide. The strips are also supports for our plants.​
• Rationally use various designs.
• Water the seedlings not very often, but plentifully. The water temperature may be slightly higher than the temperature of the seedling soil.​
• In order to get healthy, strong seedlings with a good root system, it is necessary to highlight cabbage sunrises with fluorescent lamps up to 15 hours a day, since daylight may not be enough.
• The optimum temperature for seed germination is 22-25º C. Only 15-18º C is enough to keep seedlings. Please note that a slightly lower temperature will slow down the growth of plants, but the seedlings will turn out to be more hardened.

Greenhouse or home greenhouse?

cucumbers - in 2-4 weeks;

This is practically the same design that we decided to build today, but it comes in a ready-made kit. All you have to do is bring the greenhouse to the dacha, place it on the site and assemble it. Convenient and fast, but again for the money.​

Before deciding to grow seedlings in a greenhouse, make sure that the climate is conducive to this. For example, in the middle lane it will not work to grow healthy seedlings of blue and pepper in greenhouses, since the low night temperature will not allow this, but it is quite realistic that you can raise seedlings of cabbage, radish, and tomatoes.

What to sow?

A comfortable temperature for their growth is +22 - +25 degrees with a humidity of over 80%.

2 side walls - 2 shields: along a frame of 4 boards and perpendicular to them 2 more boards.

We connect the upper ends of the planks, and stick the lower ends a meter apart into the ground.

Capital polycarbonate greenhouse for growing seedlings of peppers, tomatoes, eggplants, salad greens.

Even with good filling of the soil with all necessary fertilizers seedlings are useful two obligatory top dressing, and in case of special need - and the third. In top dressing they give phosphorus and nitrogen, in small doses - potassium and magnesium. Phosphorus contributes to the active growth of roots and protects against low temperatures; nitrogen is needed for leaf growth; potassium strengthens at low temperatures; magnesium supports better leaf photosynthesis. The first dressing is given with a fully formed first leaf, the second - after 10-12 days; the first - a weak concentration, the second - more. After fertilizing, the leaves from fertilizers are washed with light watering with water.

Picking seedlings begins when the plants have 2-3 true leaves Watering should be regular, but not excessive. The soil should not be allowed to dry out, but water should not stagnate on the surface of the earth. The soil should be moist, and watering is best done from a spray bottle.

The soil

sweet and spicy pepper– in 8-12 weeks;​

When can I start building a greenhouse in the country and planting seedlings? The most suitable period for starting the process is a period that cannot be determined by a single number for each year. It is very important that the night temperature should not be lower than +7+8°C, while the daytime temperature should reach +12+15°C at the same time. Often, this is the middle of spring.

Usually growing seedlings in greenhouses lasts 1 month under the following conditions:

We water very loose soil with organic and mineral top dressing.​Top: upright boards protruding 60 cm.​

Variety marking

Cut out 4 triangles from the film and connect them with a stapler, glue or press with plates.

Film option - for the growth of cucumbers, zucchini, cabbage.

Temperature and watering

​The recommended air temperatures for cabbage seedlings are: during the day, with the sun - 14 ... 18 ° C, without the sun - 12 ... 16 ° C, at night - 8 ... 10 ° C. Ventilation must be constant. Although plants can withstand short-term frosts down to -5 ... 7 ° C, it is still better to cover the seedlings in such cases with a special light film that does not crush the plants, or with small-sized shelters made of polyethylene film. It is especially undesirable to allow the air temperature to rise above 20°C.​

When the first leaves appear on cabbage sunrises, you can start diving them. Seedlings are transplanted into small flower pots or disposable cups. Before transplanting seedlings, it is necessary to correctly select only healthy plants, it is better to sort out sick and weak ones. In selected plants, a third of the rhizome is removed and planted in prepared containers.

Young seedlings can be watered from a watering can with a shower head turned upwards with water at room temperature. Water grown plants from a pallet to stimulate the branching of the root system.

cabbage - in 5-6 weeks; The thermos greenhouse has been studied by us up and down, and the conclusions are unambiguous - an excellent model, functional and practical. Now you can build a similar greenhouse by referring to our scheme or by creating your own. It will be possible to cover the structure with old windows.

If it is difficult to guess with the timing, there will be no particular problems, just the seedlings will germinate a little later, say, not after 2-2.5 weeks, but after 3-4. But, as usual, the seedlings manage to get stronger by the end of April or the beginning of May. Only one thing is important here - to use a high-quality substrate for seedlings, prepared seeds, and also follow the rules for growing healthy seedlings!

How to dive seedlings?

When airing, cold air from the street does not blow directly on the plants;

After 30 days, the seedlings are ready.

We cut the rafters in the corners.

Feeding, stimulants...

Leave the top of the cap open for ventilation. We put a finished cap on the plank frame.

Shoots of cabbage and annual flowers rise rapidly even in the simplest steam pits.

The correct temperature regime will ensure air hardening of seedlings. A few days before planting, you need to equalize the temperature regime of the greenhouse and outdoor air.

Picking seedlings allows you to increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bnutrition, improve lighting and helps strengthen the root system of future seedlings.

Important!

Leaf lettuce - in 4-5 weeks.

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Growing cabbage in a greenhouse: seed selection, soil preparation, planting, watering, care

Seed preparation and planting

​after the appearance of 2 leaves, we feed: 3 l warm water and 2 teaspoons of nitrophoska;

1. From above we will cover with polycarbonate or film and fix with slats.
2. One side - the door to the south, comfortable and free ventilation.
3. In greenhouses we will get strong sprouts of heat-loving types of peppers and tomatoes.

While maintaining a strong, branched root system, it will not be necessary to partially cut off the developed leaf blades when planting (as is sometimes done) to prevent the plants from wilting.

The optimum temperature for the growth of seedlings is 18 degrees. When the plants get stronger, the temperature can be gradually reduced to 15 degrees. After the sprouts have formed, the emerging seedlings of cabbage are fed. For this, mullein is used, 1: 5 diluted in water.

Picking and caring for seedlings of cabbage

Excessive watering of seedlings will certainly lead to the development of fungal diseases, popularly called "black leg". Therefore, follow the measure and regularly ventilate the seedlings.

Of course, the main condition for growing seedlings is the presence of a greenhouse. What should she be? It already depends on your desires, goals and capabilities. You can grow seedlings in a small do-it-yourself greenhouse, or in a greenhouse structure made of polycarbonate or covered with a film. You can approach its creation professionally by building a solid functional Meatlider greenhouse that will serve you for many years.​

A greenhouse from windows is also a passed stage, but now you can, based on the knowledge gained earlier, create something similar for growing seedlings. There is only one difference, the design will be many times smaller.​

It is desirable to determine in the country a flat and quiet place for a greenhouse. It can even be a playground in the garden, because while the seedlings are being forced, there are still no leaves on the trees, and the shade will not interfere with the development of crops.

Second top dressing: a teaspoon of superphosphate and potassium sulfate per 7 liters of warm water;

How to dive cabbage (video)

Planting cabbage in open ground

Tomatoes also prefer an average temperature of +25, but low humidity - up to 65%, otherwise they will suffer from phytophthora.

​We choose between centuries of proven glass, durable, beautiful honeycomb polycarbonate and many times improved bubble wrap. Vegetable growers - professionals and amateurs have already appreciated this novelty. These materials are almost equivalent in protecting seedlings, but their cost, strength and appearance are different, so we decide for ourselves.​

The opposite side can be covered with black polyethylene for the same purpose of insulation.

Planting cabbage (video)

Tunnel film shelters will protect seedlings of cucumbers in special peat pots, as a regular transplant injures them.

According to the white cabbage method, seedlings and other types of cabbages are grown.