Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse and open ground: care at all stages of development. What fertilizers are needed for cucumbers? Fertilizers for cucumbers in the open field and in the greenhouse

There are no trifles in the garden business: the future of the harvest equally depends on the quality of the seed, and on the amount of irrigation, and on the timing of fertilization. Properly carried out top dressing of cucumbers in open ground helps plants form a full-fledged ovary and fully resist diseases and pests.

Top dressing of cucumbers in the open field - rules

With regard to fertilizers, the cucumber crop shows itself to be a real capricious picky - as soon as you don’t please it, instead of even crispy cucumbers, “mutants” curved in all directions appear in the garden. Therefore, top dressing of seedlings of cucumbers should begin in the phase of two leaves. In the future, cucumbers will have to be pampered with enhanced nutrition at least four more times: 15 days after moving to open ground, after the appearance of the first peduncles and twice at the time of fruiting.

Each cucumber grower has his own cherished recipe for feeding cucumbers in the open field, from which cucumbers grow by leaps and bounds and become the most delicious and crunchy. Do not get confused and choose correct option a simple rule will help: the type of fertilizer directly depends on how warm the summer turned out to be. The fact is that the roots of cucumbers only in warm weather are able to fully absorb all the nutrients from the soil. In cold summers, it is worth giving preference to foliar top dressing of cucumbers in the open field.

Whatever way to feed the cucumbers (root or foliar) would not be chosen, for its implementation it is better to choose the evening or a cloudy warm day. Fertilizer should be applied to the ground after heavy watering or good rain. When spraying top dressing, it is necessary to ensure that the solution falls on the leaves in small drops in an even layer. How long it stays on the surface depends on how many utilities the cucumber lashes will receive. Another trick is that the warmer the nutrient solution, the faster it will be absorbed.

First dressing of cucumbers

Cucumber seedlings successfully migrated from seedling boxes or pots to open ground, began to grow and even began to grow a little. And here, in all its glory, the gardener faces the question - how to feed the cucumbers after planting? As mentioned above, the first top dressing falls on 14-15 days after relocation to open ground, and for its implementation it is better to use organic fertilizers: infusion or chicken manure diluted 1:10. Use these tools with extreme caution, because they can damage fragile roots.

Top dressing of cucumbers during flowering

A proven way to get even "one-on-one" cucumbers is top dressing during flowering. For this, it is recommended to use green manure made from freshly cut grass. The grass collected after mowing must be poured with the same amount of water and let it brew for at least a week. The resulting slurry must be diluted five times warm water. It will not be superfluous to make up for the lack of minerals by feeding the cucumbers with a mixture of superphosphate, ammonium and potassium nitrate (40 + 30 + 20 g).

Foliar top dressing of cucumbers in the open field attracts insects so important for pollination, contributing to better education ovaries. To do this, you can use a mixture boric acid(2 g) and sugar (100 g), diluting them in 1 liter warm water. Another way to strengthen cucumbers is to spray them with a solution of superphosphate (35 g per 1 bucket of warm water).

How to feed cucumbers at the beginning of growth?

During the period active growth Every plant needs nitrogen. If cucumber seedlings develop sluggishly, are in no hurry to bloom, the question arises, “How to feed cucumbers for growth?” Green fertilizer in combination with a solution of minerals will help solve the problem. As a foliar top dressing, you can use a solution. It should be remembered that this substance is aggressive and can harm tender cucumber shoots. Therefore, top dressing of cucumbers in the open field with urea should be carried out with a very weak solution - no more than 40 g per 1 bucket of water.

How to feed cucumbers during fruiting?

Actively expending forces on the formation of the ovary and the growth of fruits, cucumber lashes draw all the nutrients from the ground under a clean one. Proper feeding of cucumbers during fruiting not only restores the balance of substances in the soil, but also significantly prolongs the fruiting period. Top dressing of cucumbers in the open field during this period should be comprehensive and include organic matter (infusion of green grass or rotten hay, diluted 5 times), minerals (1 glass of ash, 25 g of potassium nitrate and 50 g of urea per 10 liters of water) and foliar treatment (10-12 g of urea per bucket of water).

Cucumbers do not grow well - what to feed?

The situation when the cucumber shoots wither, wither, and instead of even cucumbers, different-sized freaks appear on it, suggests that the soil is sorely lacking in nutrition. Moreover, the cucumbers themselves will help the gardener to understand how to feed seedlings of cucumbers in the open field:

• light bulb fruits, narrowed at the base and expanding towards the tail, speak of potassium starvation, which can be eliminated by spraying with ash or a solution of potassium phosphate;
• thick at the stalk, but quickly fading fruit, light color fruits and lashes, poorly developing leaves and lashes signal a lack of nitrogen, which organic top dressing will help to fill;
• dark green leaves with a purple tint, darkening when dying, indicate a deficiency of phosphorus, and yellow or pale spots on the leaves are a manifestation of a lack of magnesium, to eliminate which it is best to use ready-made mineral complexes.

What is the best food for cucumbers?

How many years a person has been friends with cucumber culture, so many disputes do not subside, how to properly feed cucumbers in the open field and in a greenhouse. Which is better, foliar top dressing of cucumbers or incorporation of nutrition into the ground, ready complex fertilizers or more environmentally friendly folk ways- there is no clear answer. But when growing cucumbers in your own garden, far from industrial scale, you should not forget about their safety for humans. After all, all the substances that are used to feed cucumbers in the open field, to a greater or lesser extent, enter the fruits and into our body.

Feeding cucumbers with yeast

The common expression about growth by leaps and bounds is also true for cucumber lashes. Yeast top dressing for cucumbers is an excellent stimulator of growth and fruiting. Yeast fungi activate the process of decomposition of organic matter in the soil, which helps the roots to receive many times more nitrogen and potassium. Cucumbers grown on this fertilizer are better able to resist diseases, the vicissitudes of the weather and pest invasions.

For the preparation of yeast fertilizer, you can use both classic briquetted yeast and their dry version. Classic recipe top dressing is as follows: for 5 liters of water, take 1 kilogram of fresh (briquetted) or 5 grams of dry yeast, add a little sugar and leave in a warm place for 1 day. The resulting slurry is diluted in 50 liters of water and bushes under the root are watered with this solution in open ground.

Top dressing of cucumbers with ashes

Remaining after burning wood waste ash is beautiful way kill two birds with one stone: clear the area of ​​unnecessary branches and strengthen the plants. At the same time, it must be remembered that only combustion products of plants can be used as fertilizers, but not in any way. building materials and household waste. The composition of wood or stove ash contains calcium, magnesium, lime and magnesium. Top dressing cucumbers in the open field with ash helps protect them from fungal diseases and some pests, improves soil composition.

How to feed cucumbers with ashes? It can be used both dry and prepared as a solution. Dusting with ashes is done in the morning, until the dew has dried up or immediately after the rain. To prepare a solution, 100 grams of raw materials are diluted in 1 bucket of water, kept for a week. Cucumber lashes are sprayed with the resulting talker, making sure that it is evenly distributed throughout the plant. Such top dressing is especially important during the period of flowering and the formation of ovaries.

Feeding cucumbers with iodine

One way to grow healthy cucumbers is to feed them with iodine. This trace element not only has a beneficial effect on the growth and formation of the ovary, but also copes well with the main scourge of cucumber beds - root rot. For spraying, a nutrient solution is prepared by dissolving 30 drops of iodine tincture in 10 liters of water. To enhance the effect, milk and a little soap are added to the solution. Primary processing of cucumbers is carried out immediately after planting seedlings, and then repeated every 15-20 days.

Bread dressing for cucumbers

A very simple and inexpensive way to feed cucumbers in the ground is fertilizer prepared on a conventional rye bread. It can be used as part of a yeast supplement by adding bread crusts to a bucket of fermenting yeast. Or you can simply place a closing barrel on the site, fill it with water and dispose of all the grain waste there. As it is used, the container will be topped up pure water. In such a simple way, plants will receive useful top dressing, and nothing will be lost in the economy.

Feeding cucumbers with boric acid

Boron refers to substances without which neither fruiting nor harmonious development of any plants is simply conceivable. At the same time, the amount of this element in the soil throughout the season should be at the same level. Boron deficiency affects the color of plants and their ability to bear fruit. Top dressing of cucumbers folk remedies, for example, boron, gives the lashes the strength to actively grow, making the fruits juicy and sweeter.

To prepare a nutrient solution, 10 grams of acid is dissolved in a liter of warm water, and then the volume of water is adjusted to 10 liters. The resulting mixture is sprayed with leaves and ovaries of cucumbers, choosing for this procedure an early morning or a cloudy, non-hot day. Processing is carried out twice per season: the first time after planting in the garden, and the second time during the formation of fruits.

Feeding cucumbers with milk

Another option for feeding cucumbers is milk. This tasty and nutritious product will bring considerable benefits to cucumber beds:

• potassium and calcium contained in milk will serve as a growth stimulator for the plant;
• the milky film formed on the surface of the leaves will become an insurmountable barrier to pests and pathogens;
• nutrients and lactic acid activate the decomposition of organic matter in the soil.

To prepare milk top dressing for cucumbers in the open field, a liter of milk must be diluted in five liters of water and carefully water each plant under the root. Milk spraying can also be carried out, to enhance the therapeutic and protective effect of which it is recommended to add 30 drops of iodine to the solution. At the same time, cucumbers will receive the necessary dose of potassium and calcium, and protection from fungal diseases.

Top dressing of cucumbers with saltpeter

Cucumbers, fertilizers for which were applied at the wrong time or incorrectly, become unable to form a full-fledged crop. In the conditions of small beds, calcium nitrate is a real panacea for cucumbers. It not only stimulates the rapid growth of green mass, but also strengthens the plant's immunity. Unlike ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate can be used without fear, as it minimally harms cucumbers. Foliar top dressing of cucumbers in open ground with saltpeter can be carried out every 10 days, preparing a solution at the rate of 10 grams of fertilizer per 5 liters of water.

It is important to know how to feed cucumbers and get intensive fruiting at home. This vegetable needs certain indicators environment – high temperature and humidity. No less influence the development of seedlings and different types of fertilizer for grown cucumber. The introduction of nourishing substances will provide plantings with the nutrients necessary for growth and maturation.

Fertilization of cucumbers should begin at the seedling stage.

Essential Substances

These vegetables grow and ripen quickly, but their root system is rather weak. In order not to lose in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the crop, gardeners must choose the right way to fertilize cucumbers. Mandatory content:

• phosphorus;
• nitrogen;
• potassium.

Ground preparation in autumn

After the autumn harvest, the greenhouse is cleaned of plant residues, diluted bleach disinfect elements of metal and wood, dig up the ground. On the square meter soil contribute 10 liters of manure. You can add up to half a kilogram of dolomite flour to reduce the acidity of the soil.

Open beds in the autumn are cleared of weeds and dug up. Then, in the middle of autumn, useful mineral elements and manure are introduced. Also add from 10 to 25 g of potassium salt, ammonium sulfate (15-25 grams) per square meter.

Autumn in open beds mineral and organic fertilizers are applied

Soil preparation in the spring (greenhouse cultivation)

When will it come spring time, the earth is dug up again, adding substances (in g):

• ammonium nitrate - from 20 to 30;
• potassium sulfate - 20;
• superphosphate - up to 30.

Fertilizers are applied to the ground prepared for cucumber 7 days before planting vegetables. After making these substances, the soil is abundantly shed with warm water. You can add a little potassium permanganate there (up to 3 grams per bucket). Then they cover the soil with dense transparent polyethylene, which is left until the landing.

Open ground preparation

Some gardeners claim that cucumber plantings love when they are abundantly fertilized with manure. However, minerals, if there are too many of them, can ruin the crop. Properly fertilize the beds in the spring at the preparation stage with rotted manure, which is brought under the surface of the earth.

This will help warm the soil and create the conditions these plants need to grow. They require warmth and moisture to produce fruit intensively.

At the stage of active fruiting, cucumbers are fed once in 7 or 10 days. All types of fertilizers for cucumbers are used:

• root (organic);
• root (inorganic);
• foliar.

Depends on climatic conditions, what cucumbers fertilize. The root application method is suitable for hot summer weather when the root system is well developed. In cloudy weather and poor root development, a foliar method is used (the foliage is sprayed).

In the spring, manure is introduced into future cucumber beds

Seedling processing

Sprouts at home fertilize three times. For these purposes, superphosphate solutions are used, ammonium nitrate and cow dung in water.

The first top dressing at the growth stage is done when the first leaf has appeared. The second - after the appearance of the second. The third - 14 days after the first recharge.

Stages

Cucumbers are fed up to 5 times a season (in a greenhouse). During the development of green parts, nitrogen fertilizers are used for cucumbers. At the stage of the appearance of flowers and the formation of ovaries, the future crop is fed with phosphorus-based substances, at the stage of fruit development, fertilizers based on potassium and nitrogen are used for planted cucumbers.

the first root dressing a cucumber planted indoors is done when several leaves appear, 14 days after planting. For these purposes, ten liters of water are mixed (in grams):

• double superphosphate - 20-25;
• potassium sulfate - 15-20 (or potassium chloride - 10-15);
• ammonium nitrate - 10-15.

According to other recipes, they take st. a spoonful of urea and superphosphate (60 g).

Two-week-old seedlings of cucumbers need the first top dressing

Second time fertilizer for greenhouse cucumber they bring in two to two and a half weeks later, when the flowers bloom and the ovaries form. In this case, organic substances are used ( bird droppings). You can also fertilize with mullein (solution):

• a bucket of water;
• 0.5 l of mullein (liquid consistency);
• nitrophoska (st.spoon).

To the solution you can add (in grams):

• potassium sulfate - 50 (or a glass of ash);
• boric acid - 0.5;
• manganese sulfate - 0.3.

3 liters of such organic make-up are applied per sq. landing meter.

After 14 days, fertilizers for cucumbers are applied for the third time. To do this, mix a bucket of water with mullein and spend 8 liters per sq.m. The fourth dressing of cucumbers is done two weeks later with the same mixture.

Ash perfectly replaces potassium sulfate

Foliar method

For the foliar method of fertilizing indoor-planted cucumbers, purchased nutritional complexes or prepared according to recipes at home are used. For ten liters of water take (in grams):

• superphosphate - 60;
• potassium nitrate - 30;
• boric acid - 1;
• manganese sulfate - 0.4;
• zinc sulfate - 0.1.

Option 2:

• a bucket of water;
• superphosphate - 2 tablespoons.

3 option:

• water - 200 g;
• boric acid - a quarter of a teaspoon;
• potassium permanganate - several crystals.

How to fertilize cucumbers when it is necessary to feed them and protect them from diseases at home?

Here, feeding cucumbers with iodine is suitable. In a bucket of water, dilute 30 drops of this substance and add a liter of milk. Plantings are sprayed with this solution every one and a half or two weeks.

Iodine is inexpensive and effective fertilizer for cucumbers

Signs of nutrient deficiency

If something is missing in the dressing for planted cucumbers, then the ripened fruits change their appearance:

• The vegetable tapers at the stalk: this is an indicator of a lack of potassium. Other symptoms: intensive growth of lashes and foliage, darkening of the leaves, the appearance of a light border on them. In this case, it is better to feed the cucumbers with folk remedies - spray with ash and intensify watering (per liter under the root). It is also recommended to spray with potassium phosphate (dissolve 1 teaspoon in a liter of water).
• The tip of the fruit is narrowed, but thickening begins in the region of the stalk: vegetables need nitrogen fertilizers. Additional symptoms of nitrogen deficiency: the lashes become thinner, the foliage becomes smaller and turns yellow, the growth of green parts slows down, and the crop itself brightens. In this case, you can feed the plantings with mullein. Watering with a solution of 1:10, per liter under the root.
• If the plantings lack phosphorus, then the growth of green parts stops, new leaves become smaller and dry quickly. To combat phosphorus starvation at home, recipes for solutions containing ammophos and diammophos are used. Another option is to dilute a tablespoon of superphosphate in a bucket of water and feed the crop with the root method.

If the signs are combined, then the question arises of how to fertilize cucumbers. In this case, it is recommended to better make a complex feed, in which the necessary trace elements are located.

Phosphorus deficiency in cucumbers is manifested by dried leaves

• feeding cucumbers is done little by little - excess useful elements harms plants;
• it is better to use an aqueous solution of fertilizers for growing cucumbers;
• you can use mineral fertilizers for the second feeding of cucumbers if there are no organic ones: increase the potassium content and reduce the amount of nitrogen;
• before introducing nitrogen mineral varieties, water the plants abundantly: this way nitrogen is better absorbed;
• urea in solution (one and a half percent) is used as a foliar fertilizer for the cucumber crop;
• with a combination of spraying with urea and adding humus or needles under the root system of the lashes, the fruiting period increases;
• cucumbers are fed on a cloudy day or in the evening after sunset;
• to avoid leaf burns, water plantings between rows from a watering can without a spray nozzle.

Feeding cucumbers depends on the condition of the vegetables. The gardener needs to carefully observe them appearance and growth rate to tell which substance the plants need. This will increase and prolong fruiting during the season.

Feeding cucumbers ... Are they needed? There is an opinion among summer residents that cucumbers do not grow without manure, that they are very demanding on fertilizers and soils. In fact, of all vegetable crops, cucumber occupies one of the last places in terms of the amount of nutrients absorbed from the soil.

A large amount of mineral salts in the soil for a cucumber is detrimental, therefore, pre-sowing refueling of the future bed with fertilizers is not recommended. The best option it is considered to be the introduction in the spring when preparing a cucumber bed of rotted manure under the top layer of soil, because the main condition for obtaining good harvest cucumbers - it's wet, but warm earth(during the period of active growth, the temperature of the soil should be higher than the air temperature). And manure serves as an excellent “heater” for the garden.

As for fertilizers, during the summer season it is enough to carry out 3-4 feeding of cucumbers: root or foliar, mineral or, perhaps, alternating one with the other - here each gardener decides for himself.

Everything is pretty simple here. Depending on the fertilizers used, feeding cucumbers can be divided into:

• Organic. Only natural natural fertilizers are applied, for example, grass infusion, manure, biohumus, bone meal, etc.
• Mineral. Solutions of mineral one-component or complex fertilizers are used (superphosphate, urea, ammonium nitrate, etc.)
• Mixed. Mineral fertilizers are added to organics to increase efficiency. Say, a little superphosphate or potassium salt is added to the mullein infusion.

According to the method of “delivery” of nutrients from top dressing to the plant, the following are distinguished:

• Root top dressing, when plants are watered with a nutrient solution under the root.
• Foliar, when plants are fed by spraying leaves and stems.

What is the best way to feed cucumbers? The choice between organic and non-organic fertilizers for top dressing depends, first of all, on our own beliefs and wallet. Some gardeners fundamentally do not use mineral fertilizers on the site, others can afford to buy biohumus and manure, and others feed them with what is at hand.

The decision on root or foliar top dressing is made for us by the weather. As a rule, root dressings are good for warm summers, when the roots of the plants are well developed and able to quickly absorb nutrients from the soil. If the weather is mostly cloudy, and the roots practically “do not work”, foliar ones help out.

Cucumber dressing schedule

The first dressing of cucumbers is carried out two weeks after planting in the ground.
The second top dressing falls on the beginning of flowering.
The third top dressing is necessary during the period of mass fruiting.
A fourth dressing is rarely needed. It is suitable for those gardeners who grow a small number of plants, who want to extend the life of each bush and get the maximum return from each.

The first dressing of cucumbers (14 days after planting)

Mineral fertilizers and their mixtures for the first feeding

Option 1. Root top dressing: for 10 liters of water, 1 tablespoon of urea and 60 grams of superphosphate.

Option 2. Root top dressing: 4-5 grams of ammophos (or 5-10 grams of diammophoska) per 1 square meter are evenly scattered over the soil surface, followed by embedding during loosening.

Organic fertilizers for the first feeding

Option 1. Root dressing: slurry in a ratio of 1:8.

Option 2. Root top dressing: (best of all - comfrey) in a ratio of 1:5.

Option 3. Root top dressing: fresh chicken manure is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:15 and immediately used for top dressing.

The second dressing of cucumbers (flowering)

Mineral fertilizers for the second feeding

Option 1. Root top dressing: for 10 liters of water 30 grams of ammonium nitrate, 40 grams of superphosphate, 20 grams of potassium nitrate.

Option 2. Foliar feeding: 2 tablespoons of superphosphate per 10 liters of water.

Option 3. Root top dressing: for 10 liters of water, 10 grams of potassium magnesia and an extract from 40 grams of superphosphate.

Superphosphate extract is being prepared in the following way: superphosphate is poured hot water mix well to obtain a cloudy white solution. This solution is settled for a day. As a result, an extract from superphosphate is formed and a white precipitate is formed at the bottom.

Option 4. Foliar top dressing: ¼ teaspoon of boric acid and a couple of crystals of potassium permanganate in a glass of water. This top dressing activates the flowering of cucumbers.

Organic fertilizers for the second feeding

Option 1. Root top dressing: one glass of ash per 10 liters of water.

Option 2. Root top dressing: dusting the ground under cucumbers with ash or crushed coal at the rate of 1 glass per 1 square meter.

The third dressing of cucumbers (fruiting)

Mineral fertilizers for the third feeding

Option 1. Root top dressing: 50 grams of urea per 10 liters of water.

Option 2. Foliar top dressing: 1 tablespoon of urea per 10 liters of water.

Option 3. Root dressing: 2 tablespoons of potassium nitrate per 10 liters of water.

Organic fertilizers for the third top dressing

Option 1. Root dressing: infusion of grass in a ratio of 1:5.

Option 2. Root dressing: 2 teaspoons of Gumi per 10 liters of water.

Optional fourth dressing of cucumbers (life of lashes)

Option 1. Root dressing: 1 tablespoon of baking soda per 10 liters of water.

Option 2. Foliar feeding: 10-15 grams of urea per 10 liters of water.

Foliar top dressing with nitrogen fertilizers rejuvenates cucumber leaves, prevent their yellowing, improve photosynthesis and all metabolic processes in plants. Combining spraying the leaves with urea with adding loosening materials (humus, sawdust, needles) under the roots of the cucumber lash, you can significantly extend the fruiting period of cucumbers.

Option 3. Foliar top dressing: rotten hay is poured with water in a ratio of 1: 1 and infused for two days. Cucumbers are sprayed with infusion of hay 3 times at intervals of a week. Such top dressing not only prolongs the growing season of cucumber lashes, but also protects plants from powdery mildew.

Fertilizing with organic and mineral fertilizers can be alternated.

Do not forget that cucumbers are fed on a cloudy day or in the evening, always after heavy watering or good rain. In order not to burn the leaves, it is better to water the cucumbers with a watering can without a sprayer directly into the hole or between the plants.

Gardeners and gardeners think that cucumbers will not grow without organic fertilizers and chicken manure, and that they definitely need cucumber fertilizer in incredible quantities. However, this is not at all the case. Moreover, the abundance of minerals will negatively affect them.

The first feeding must be carried out according to the rules, approximately 15-20 days after planting, the second - when the cucumber blooms, and the third - when it begins to bear fruit. The fourth and subsequent top dressings are aimed at extending the "life" of cucumbers as much as possible. Remember that if cucumbers grow well on their own, then do not rush to feed - it can be postponed! However, if the cucumbers are rather weak, they should still be fed.

There are many ways to first feed. These are both nitrogen-containing and complex fertilizers. You can take different organics, the main rule is that it should have a lot of nitrogen.

The main condition for the second top dressing is that fertilizers must be potash and phosphorus (for example, potassium sulfate). It is carried out so that the cucumber can get everything beneficial features from the ground and was able to continue its growth.

First dressing

• Watering. For 20 liters of water, 2 tablespoons of urea and 120 grams of superphosphate.
• Also watering, but 10 grams of ammophos are scattered over 2 square meters of land, followed by embedding when loosening.

Second

Third

• Watering. 100 grams of urea per half bucket of water.
• Spraying. Half a glass of urea in half a bucket of water.
• Watering. Half a glass of potassium nitrate to half a bucket of water.

Fourth

Method of application of organic fertilizers

First dressing

Second

• Watering. Two glasses of ash in a bucket of water.
• Root feed. In this case, the so-called dusting of the soil under the cucumbers with ash or crushed coal occurs. The latter must be taken in this form as one glass per 1 sq.m.

Third

• Watering. Infusion of herbs in a ratio of 1:5.
• Watering. Half a glass of "Gumi" or "Cucumber Crystal" in a bucket of water.

Fourth

Fill the hay with water and insist a couple of days. This top dressing will protect cucumbers from powdery mildew. In addition, remember that feeding can be alternated and do not forget that cucumbers are fed only on a gloomy day or in the evening. In order not to burn the leaves, water directly into the holes or between the rows.

If the leaves appear purple hue, this means that they lack phosphorus. To save them, you need to make an extract from superphosphate and water the area with it. How to make a hood - we described above.

To ensure that cucumbers grow tasty, use potassium sulfate (otherwise, potassium nitrate). Potassium has a great effect on the taste of food, due to the fact that it can convert glucose into sugar and leave it in the plant.

Yeast can also be used for fertilizer because it contains a lot of useful substances that are easily digestible. In order to make top dressing, we take 10 grams of dry yeast and 10 liters of water. We insist for several hours and again dilute it all in 2 buckets of water. This "slurry" is now watering the cucumbers.

Video “How to fertilize cucumbers”

From this video you will learn how to feed and how to fertilize cucumbers.

Types of fertilizers

Nitrogen

Nitrogen is the main element for full development. Others are also needed, however, this element is archival. Without it, no vegetation will exist, and that is why nitrogen is introduced in the first place.

If there is not enough nitrogen, then cucumbers will not grow. You will notice this sign right away. But such a phenomenon can be observed on the poorest soils, such as gerbils or loams, which have been used for more than one year. A less striking sign of nitrogen deficiency is yellowing of the leaves. In addition, this symptom will show us a lack of potassium, and in order to get rid of it, we need to feed with potassium sulfate. However, now is not about that, we are now talking about nitrogen. A lack of nitrogen will spread yellowness along the veins, and a lack of potassium will spread along the edges of the leaves. That's how easy it is to tell them apart. Also, the fruits become small and thickened. Therefore, we need molybdenum, iron and nitrogen in order for nitrates to pass into their ammonia form, which will not be accumulated by nitrates and sulfuric acid.

Potassium

With a shortage, the yield decreases very much, and the cucumbers themselves lose their presentation, as they become like jugs, and this all happens due to the fact that potassium does not reach all the tissues of the cucumber, and it simply shrinks. Because of this, it becomes rough, bitter and tasteless, losing almost all of its juice. You can understand that cucumbers lack potassium by yellowing and drilling leaves. Yellowing begins at the edges of the leaf and goes into the middle. If the plant manages to get at least a little potassium, then it goes to the cucumbers, and not to the leaves. potash fertilizers it is better to use before planting, while you are digging up the soil. Potassium sulfate is ideal. Its use will help overcome various diseases, since it strengthens the immunity of the plant, it will increase the yield and taste of cucumbers. Potassium sulfate is completely soluble in water and is ideal for irrigation.

Calcium

With its deficiency, the immunity of the plant decreases. It is needed for the formation of walls and membranes. If there is not enough calcium, then the harvest will not be very good. Since the ovaries will die, and the flowers will dry up without blooming. The fruits will lose their taste and presentation. To increase calcium levels, you can spray the leaves with a solution of calcium fertilizer before the cucumbers bloom. In addition, it is possible to introduce crushed into the ground before planting. eggshell and you no longer have to worry about the lack of calcium.

Honey top dressing

Often we are faced with the problem of low pollination. It can be solved with special feeding. We dissolve a few tablespoons of honey in 3 liters of hot water, wait for it to cool down, and use a sprayer to spray this “liquid” on the sheets. It can be applied from mid-spring to late summer.

To determine what fertilizers are needed for a cucumber in a greenhouse, we need to understand which microelements we have a lack of and which are an excess.

Reducing the size of the leaves and shortening of the fruit suggests that we do not have enough nitrogen. And if the cucumbers have thick and powerful stems irregular shape, dark green leaves, this indicates to us an overabundance nitrogen fertilizers.

If the plant has stopped growing, and the young leaves have changed their color to bluish-gray, then we can talk about a lack of phosphorus. If the plant turned yellow and the leaves began to fall off, then there is an excess of phosphorus in the ground.

Growth retardation or the appearance of a light green border, the bending of the leaves inward tells us about a lack of potassium. If mosaic spots appear or a yellow border appears, which over time becomes more brown shade, the internodes are connected - then we have an excess of potassium in front of us.

Fertilizer in the greenhouse

It should be remembered and known that organic matter in a greenhouse can only be applied if it is small, literally tiny portions. This is necessary in order not to destroy the plant. Fertilize Cucumbers First organic top dressing, and then you can switch to mineral fertilizers. You can also prepare the soil in advance, which will have to consist of manure and sod land. This mixture is prepared very simply - a 20 cm layer of grain is mixed with manure 35-40 cm thick and sprinkled with phosphorite flour. Plants planted in such soil will grow faster, as they will have all the necessary nutrients.

Fertilizing with nitrogen organic fertilizers will also help. If you have a cow, that's awesome! We take a cow cake, put it in a bucket, add water and stir until this slurry becomes homogeneous. After that, we dilute it in proportions of 1:10 and pour a liter under each bush. We complete it all by watering under each root. You need to add mullein at least 2-3 times a day.

We put the shell in a large jar, from time to time pour hot water there. Before watering, shake this jar well and use a spoon to give this mixture to seedlings. The stem will be strong and healthy. Only the drug is with a strong and expressive smell, which not everyone can withstand.

From this video you will learn the most useful and effective advice for fertilizing cucumbers.

​Related Articles​

II top dressing

​when using black perforated film or material such as lutrasil, do not forget: in hot sunny days they can provoke a strong overheating of the root system - you will either have to remove the film on such days, or cover it from above with light material.

The easiest way is to put 1-2 containers with mullein in the greenhouse, which releases carbon dioxide during fermentation

With a lack of magnesium, cucumber leaves become brittle and appear burnt in appearance. They acquire a lighter color (pale green, yellowish), only the veins remain intense green.

Excessive development and growth of lashes and leaves;

- at the beginning of flowering

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Top dressing cucumbers in a greenhouse: some practical tips

If the soil is compacted and a crust forms on it, the plant does not have enough soil air. It begins to lag behind in growth; ties fall off. This cannot be allowed.

Or mulch the soil with manure up to 3-5 cm

With a lack of nitrogen, the stems become thin, become hard and fibrous. The lower leaves wilt and the upper leaves turn yellow - they become light green. The fruits are small, few of them are formed, cucumbers develop poorly and gain weight slowly. Ambulance- immediate feeding with a solution of mullein per liter per plant. The composition of the top dressing is a liter of mullein per 10 liters of water.​

Change in leaf color to dark green;

• If the plants began to lag behind in development and growth, they are poorly tied and the fruits develop, then in this way they “signal” insufficient or malnutrition.
• Advice: if you do not have any organic fertilizers, then the second top dressing can be carried out with mineral fertilizers: you just need to increase the amount of potash and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizers.
• The first feeding of cucumbers in the greenhouse is carried out when the plants have already had 3 and 4 true leaves. For this top dressing, dilute in 10 liters of water:

300-500 g

Soil preparation in the greenhouse

Autumn preparation

The most important for optimal growth and fruiting of cucumbers are the following minerals:

​General information​

III top dressing After each rain and watering, the soil must be loosened to a depth of no more than 3-4 cm so as not to damage the root system. peat soil even with sufficient compaction, they do not loosen, but pierce with a pitchfork for aeration. With a lack of potassium, the leaves acquire dark color and domed shape. They grow small, and along the edge of the sheet you can see a light yellow border. In varieties of cucumbers, the fruits of which have elongated shape, cucumbers grow round, tapering at the stem. First aid - a glass of ash in a 10-liter bucket of water, water at the rate of a liter of the mixture per plant. The edges of the leaves of the lower tier begin to lighten, a yellowish border appears, which you can see in the photo;

In the event that there is insufficient nitrogen in the soil, then: A couple of weeks after the second top dressing, a third top dressing is carried out. For her dissolve 1-2st. spoons and ½ spoon of liquid mullein in 10 liters of water. The prepared solution is consumed at 7-8 liters per square meter. 20-25 g of double superphosphate; Dolomite flour or fluff lime, to reduce soil acidity. nitrogen;

spring preparation

The question of which fertilizer is best for cucumbers is asked by many summer residents and farmers. Some prefer organic fertilizers, others are more inclined to use water-soluble mineral supplements, which are related to agrochemistry. In fact, both can be effective if used in the correct dosage and in right time. It is easiest for beginner gardeners to work with complex mineral fertilizers for cucumbers, such as Agricola, or similar in composition. Their label indicates the rates and terms of application at all stages of plant growth, up to the time of harvest.​

• - during mass fruiting
• For the entire summer season, it is quite enough for cucumber bushes to carry out 3-4 top dressings. As a rule, we apply top dressing
• It turns out that not only people love milk. If you regularly - every 2 weeks - feed cucumbers with diluted milk, this will accelerate their growth. Milk is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:2. ​

With a lack of phosphorus, plants stop growing, flowers and ovaries fall off, leaves become blue-green and small.

The fourth feeding can be carried out after 14 days with the same solution.

15-20 g of potassium sulfate, or 10-15 g of potassium chloride;

Top dressing of greenhouse cucumbers

In the spring, the soil in the greenhouse is dug up again, bringing in for digging:

potassium;

If you already have sufficient experience with fertilizers, then you can apply phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen separately. Understanding what kind of fertilizer a plant needs in this particular period is quite simple. Cucumbers themselves are able to "ask" from the owner for what they need on this moment. The point is small - you need to learn to understand them. The best fertilizer for cucumbers, the leaves of which are painted in light green or light green, nitrogen is. The leaves take on a rounded shape, wrapping downwards - this is a signal of a lack of calcium. The appearance of a light border around the leaves indicates an insufficient amount of potassium in the soil. Magnesium deficiency can be recognized by lightened veins on the leaves.

Root top dressing

IV top dressing

mineral fertilizers

• Cucumbers love water. But everything is good in moderation. In a hot period, cucumbers need a lot frequent watering- usually daily (or every other day)
• It is noteworthy that not only a lack of certain elements is dangerous for cucumbers, but also an excess - in this case, growth also slows down and fruiting weakens.
• The fruits are pear-shaped.

Cucumber fruits become, regardless of variety, light green in color;

Throughout the growing season, you need to continue fertilizing cucumbers, preferably combining watering (See Watering cucumbers in a greenhouse) and top dressing, at least 1 time per week. Top dressing of cucumbers in greenhouses can be carried out with both organic and humic fertilizers, for example, sodium humate.

10-15g ammonium nitrate.

• 20-30g ammonium nitrate;
• Phosphorus
• Popular top dressings

- also during the fruiting period; its goal is to prolong the fruiting period of cucumber lashes and make it more abundant. In the next video - tips on feeding cucumbers in a greenhouse from a Garden World specialist And according to the method of application, they can be With warm water Cucumber has not in vain gained national fame - it successfully combines a green fresh aroma, crunchiness, juiciness and low calorie content. The nutritional value of this vegetable, however, is quite small: consisting of 95-96% water, cucumbers include only up to 2.5% sugars, 1% proteins, 0.1% fat and vitamins A, B, C and P. But on the other hand You can eat them as much as your heart desires - and do not gain weight! Perhaps there is not a single summer resident who would not grow cucumbers on his plot.To eliminate the lack of potassium, you can carry out both root and foliar top dressing aqueous solution potassium sulfate, or root dressing of cucumbers with a solution of wood ash.

The top of the fruit, where the flower was, is very narrow and sharp, can acquire a "beak-like" shape;

Thinking over how and how to feed cucumbers in a greenhouse, it is worth considering a system of foliar top dressing.

The resulting working solution is used to feed 10-15 plants.

20 g of potassium sulfate;

Foliar top dressing

Before moving on to consider the top dressings needed for cucumbers grown in a greenhouse, let's look at how to prepare the soil in a greenhouse for growing this vegetable crop.

Have you learned to "understand" the signals that cucumbers give? Amazing! Now let's look at the most relevant types of fertilizers, and perhaps start with organic.

Attention!

• root
• . When the air temperature drops, on cloudy days, watering is either limited or temporarily stopped. Watering cucumbers is best
• Let's talk about those today important nuances and subtleties that help the gardener to get a noble harvest every year, regardless of the vagaries of the weather. What you need to pay attention to and what to do to increase the yield of a cucumber bush?
• When plants are deficient in phosphorus, then:
• Old leaves of the lower level turn yellow;

In addition to complex fertilizers, it is necessary to add a complex of trace elements to solutions for foliar top dressing. You can use both ready-made complex fertilizers, and cook them yourself.

The next top dressing of cucumbers in a greenhouse or greenhouse is carried out 15-20 days after the first fertilization, since it is at this time that the plants begin to bloom en masse and form ovaries.

Signs of deficiency or excess of minerals

20-30g superphosphate.

After the crop has been harvested in the fall, it is very important to thoroughly clean the greenhouse of plant residues and dig up the soil.

Nitrogen

Fertilizer for cucumbers applied during planting, made from mullein mixed with chicken manure. This mixture is diluted and watered with beds.

There is such an opinion: if cucumbers grow and bear fruit perfectly on your soils, then you should not overdo it with top dressing - you can limit yourself to just one or two. ​

• foliar
• in the evening
• The better developed root system cucumbers, the more chances to get a good harvest. You can help the plant form additional adventitious roots by pressing the stem to the ground and sprinkling it with moist soil. This technique must be used if you find that the root system is sick (for example, affected by rot) - this can be seen in sunny weather, when the upper parts of the plants begin to “wilt” clearly. Then you can remove half of the ovaries, lower the whip to the ground, and lower part sprinkle well with fertile moist soil. After a while, roots will appear here - and the plant will be saved! Harvest, of course, too)
• the growth of lateral lashes and leaves slows down;

The growth of lateral shoots and the stems themselves slows down.

For 10 liters of water take:

For this top dressing, it is better to use organic fertilizers, such as bird droppings or mullein. 0.5 liters of liquid mullein and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of nitrophoska is dissolved in 10 liters of water. It is desirable to add to this solution:

Fertilizers must be applied at least a week before planting cucumbers in the greenhouse. (See How to Choose the Right Cucumber Fertilizer)​

Potassium

A very effective, and most importantly free, fertilizer is Zelenka. It is made from finely chopped grass, which is poured with warm water.

Experienced summer residents offer many wonderful options for top dressing. Based on the already tested recipe, you can choose the most successful one for your soil, weather conditions and wallet.

• Each summer resident will choose for himself the type and form of feeding or their alternation, but some general approaches everyone should take into account.
• If there are few insects, then problems may arise with the pollination of cucumbers. To increase the number of ovaries, we can carry out artificial pollination. In the next video, we are presented with a master class on how to perform a similar procedure.

New leaves are much smaller than old ones;

• ​Important: before starting to apply nitrogen-containing fertilizers, analyze whether you are regularly and adequately watering cucumbers. When the soil dries out, beneficial microorganisms living in the soil become less active and plants cannot get nitrogen in the form available to them.​

superphosphate - 60g;

Phosphorus

1 cup ash or 50g potassium sulfate;

• After the soil in the greenhouse has been fertilized and dug up, it must be carefully shed with warm water, you can use a small amount potassium permanganate (​
• For disinfection, all metal, wooden parts, glass in greenhouses must be treated with a solution of bleach, which is diluted at the rate
• ​In recent times Fertilizers for cucumbers made from yeast are gaining immense popularity. It is quite simple to make it: pour a 100-gram pack of yeast with a bucket of water, insist this mixture for a day. The resulting solution is given to plants instead of watering, many are delighted with the effectiveness of this easy-to-prepare fertilizer!

Fresh chicken (or quail) manure at a concentration of 1:15. Use freshly prepared

Root top dressing

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Tips for watering cucumbers in the next video are given by Oktyabrina Ganichkina

Pollination can also be done with a soft brush, transferring pollen from male flowers to female ones.

Lack of fertilizer in cucumbers

The color of the new leaves is darker, they dry out quickly.

Magnesium fertilizer for cucumbers

If signs of nitrogen starvation are found, which cucumbers demonstrate in a greenhouse, top dressing can be carried out both root and foliar with an aqueous solution of urea or ammonium sulfate, dissolving 10-15 g of the drug in 10 liters of water.

Nitrogen fertilizers for cucumbers

Potassium nitrate - 30g:

Ash as fertilizer for cucumbers

0.5 g of boric acid;

Phosphorus fertilizers for cucumbers

1-3g per 10 liters of water

Excess fertilizer

300 g per 10 liters of water

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11 Secrets to a Good Cucumber Harvest | STENA.ee

Urea is also used to fertilize cucumbers. The signal for its introduction can be the leaves of the plant that have become rough.

slurry at a concentration of 1:8

Secret 1: strengthen the root system

suitable for warm summer. Then the root system of cucumbers is well developed, and top dressing goes with a bang. They are advised to carry out after rain or heavy watering. The best time- evening, or on a cloudy non-hot day. ​

Secret 2: help to pollinate

It is known that the growth of any plant is based on the process of photosynthesis. And it needs carbon dioxide. Habitual air contains approximately 0.03% carbon dioxide, and if we artificially increase this percentage to 0.5, we will accelerate photosynthesis and, consequently, increase crop yields!​

Secret 3: increase the percentage of carbon dioxide

To eliminate phosphorus deficiency, you can use solutions of ammophos and diammophos, or dilute 1st. a spoonful of superphosphate in 10 liters of water and carry out root dressing of cucumbers.

If a lack of nitrogen manifests itself during the active ripening of fruits, then it is better than feeding cucumbers in a greenhouse chemicals, carry out top dressing with "brilliant green" or "herbal tea". Boric acid - 1 g;

0.3 g of manganese sulfate.

• ), Then cover with a thick transparent film, which is removed only before planting.
• , after which they insist about
• Very good results can be achieved if wood ash is used as fertilizer for cucumbers. Its introduction into the soil contributes to the creation favorable conditions for the development of beneficial microorganisms, which, in turn, will fertilize the soil
• cow or horse dung in concentration 1:6​

Foliar

Secret 4: feed milk

Stepchildren are extra shoots that take strength from the whip, as a result of which it does not bear fruit. The following video describes in detail and shows how to properly stepson cucumbers

Secret 5: water properly

​For reference:​​Thus, as you understand, a single and suitable instruction for all situations that arise when growing cucumbers in a greenhouse simply does not exist. It is necessary to carefully monitor the growth and condition of the plants, and make a decision about how to feed the cucumbers in a greenhouse or greenhouse, based on this. Advice: to prepare the greenery, various weeds from the site are finely chopped and filled with water. For 10 liters of water, 1.5-2 kg of green mass will be required. Chopped grass, filled with water, is left for a week to ferment, after which it can be used to feed cucumbers. Manganese sulfate - 0.4 g; Water the plants at the rate

Let's take a closer look at when and how to feed cucumbers in a greenhouse so that the crop at the end of the season will please with its quality and quantity.

3-4 hours

Secret 6: stepchild correctly

products of their life. When making ash, it is unacceptable to use nitrogen fertilizers at the same time. If you neglect this recommendation, then the benefits of using both top dressings are nullified.

Secret 7: mulch correctly

infusion green grass in concentration 1:5​

Top dressing will be useful when the summer is cold and the weather is cloudy. Roots in cold weather will not cope with the assimilation of nutrition. But spraying the leaves will be just what you need. Such top dressing is carried out in the evening or on a cloudy day, in small doses. It is very important that the nutrient solution is sprayed in small droplets and evenly. The longer it stays on the leaves, the more necessary substances the plant will have time to assimilate. ​

• Mulch promotes the reproduction of soil microorganisms, earthworms, retains moisture, makes the soil more air-intensive. As a result, the roots breathe well, which favorably affects the development of the whole plant.
• On average, a plant synthesizes 94% of its dry matter from carbon dioxide and water, and only 6% from soil mineral fertilizers. That's how "almost nothing" our vegetable and fruit crops grow us food!
• As you know, cucumbers get necessary elements nutrition with the help of organic and mineral fertilizers, which are applied both at the stage of preparation for planting cucumber plants, and in the process of growth, flowering and fruiting. Proper regular feeding is especially important for new hybrids that begin to bear fruit early and very plentifully. It is also well known that organic mineral supplements must be alternated. Cucumbers love frequent liquid top dressing, but do not like high doses of fertilizers: they need to be fed little by little, but often.

Secret 8: loosen the soil correctly

Zelenka or herbal tea

Zinc sulfate - 0.1 g.

Secret 9: choose the right trace elements

Types, forms and mode of feeding

• Cucumbers grown in a greenhouse are fed for summer season 4-5 times. During the development of shoots and leaves, this vegetable crop needs nitrogen fertilizers. In the phase of flowering and fruit set, cucumbers need to be fed with fertilizers with a high phosphorus content. During active fruiting, cucumbers need potash and nitrogen fertilizers.

. The aqueous part of the solution is used for spraying, and the sediment is used for treating cracks.

• Experts in this matter do not recommend getting too carried away with feeding cucumbers with agrochemistry. After all, cucumber is a crop that responds much better to biological natural fertilizers. For this reason, the use of agricultural chemistry is recommended only in the early stages of plant development, and then it is better to replace it with bioadditives.​
• 1 tablespoon of urea + 60 g of superphosphate per 10 liters of water

Many materials are suitable for mulching cucumbers: manure and sawdust, chopped straw and chaff, peat, non-woven materials and synthetic films. The choice of summer residents is rich, but some nuances must be taken into account: The problem with a lack of carbon dioxide can occur in greenhouses, because plants actively use it during the day. How to increase the concentration of this beneficial substance? Needs of cucumbers for various elements nutrition is not the same different stages plant development. So, for the first two weeks, it is very important for cucumbers to receive sufficient nitrogen nutrition, when they enter the flowering phase, the need for phosphorus increases, and nitrogen-potassium fertilizer is recommended at the fruiting stage. The need for potassium increases when growing cucumbers in greenhouses where they lack sunlight. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers at the beginning of the season can provoke potassium starvation in cucumbers in the second half of summer.