Gas storage water heater: types and principle of operation of gas boilers. Benefits of using a storage gas water heater

Technological progress does not stand still, the latest engineering solutions are constantly introduced into all types of household appliances. They did not bypass flow gas heaters either, the result of recent improvements in this area was a turbocharged geyser without chimney. This fully automatic water heater has a number of design features that distinguish it from conventional heaters. This article aims to review new technical solutions, introduced into the design of the supercharged column, and what advantages have appeared as a result.

Features of turbocharged geysers

We note right away that the units of this type still have a chimney. The term "chimneyless column" is used in the sense that a gas-using installation does not need a traditional chimney with natural draft. This is one of the many features that distinguish gas water heaters with a closed combustion chamber. Natural draft is not needed, because the device has its own, forced, provided by a fan. A special double-walled (coaxial) chimney is used to supply air and exhaust gases.

Now let's collect all the technical solutions implemented in the turbocharged water heater into one list, and then consider each of them separately:

• automatic ignition system using electricity;
• forced deletion flue gases and suction of combustion air from the outside by means of a turbine;
• sealed combustion chamber;
• modulating burner;
• electronic control unit;
• system preventing defrosting of the heat exchanger.

Since turbocharged geysers are always connected to the house electrical network, the ignition system in them is electrical. On many Internet resources, you can find information that piezo ignition or sparking from batteries is used in supercharged units. These data are not true, there is no point in embedding batteries in a device connected to a 220 V network. Not to mention manual piezo ignition, which is absolutely incompatible with the operation of automation equipment.

A fan installed in a turbocharged geyser performs 2 tasks: pushes into coaxial chimney combustion products and draws air from the street into the chamber, bypassing the room. In heater circuits from different manufacturers, the turbine can be implemented in different ways:

• as a blower - the fan is located at the beginning of the gas-air path, in front of the burner and blows air into the closed chamber;
• as a smoke exhauster - the turbine is located before the exit of flue gases, behind the heat exchanger, and operates in suction mode.

The combustion chambers of turbocharged columns are airtight only conditionally. This means that they are separated from air environment premises, but communicate with the street, so significant overpressure does not happen in them. The bottom line is that the fan supplies exactly the amount of air that is required for combustion in one mode or another. The performance of the blower (or smoke exhauster) is controlled by the controller.

In tandem with the fan, the gas burner of the apparatus functions. According to the principle of operation, it is modulating, that is, it is capable of automatically changing the intensity of combustion in automatic mode. In this case, the gas burner device is guided by changes in water pressure that occur due to an increase or decrease in water intake.

All processes in the heater from the beginning to the end are controlled by an electronic unit - the controller. Focusing on the sensor signals, the latter regulates the burner power and fan performance, and in the event of an emergency, it gives a command to shut off the gas. However, the scheme is designed in such a way that in the event of a serious accident gas valve it will turn off the fuel supply itself, without a command from the controller.

And the last innovation is a system that protects the heat exchanger from defrosting when the room temperature drops below 0 ºС. The geyser with antifreeze is equipped with a special electric heater, which automatically turns on at a temperature of 0 ºС or lower in standby mode, when the water in the heat exchanger tubes does not move.

Operating principle

A turbocharged instantaneous water heater operates on the same principle as a conventional geyser, only it has a more advanced device with high level automation. When you open a faucet hot water and occurrence in DHW networks a certain flow rate, the device turns on the main burner and fan, after closing the valve, it turns off.

But the principle of operation of a modulating burner in tandem with a supercharger is fundamentally different from combustion in an open chamber of traditional units. There, the air supply is not limited by anything, because of which the efficiency of fuel combustion suffers. In a turbocharged apparatus, the air flow is clearly dosed depending on the burner's needs, which leads to a higher heater efficiency - up to 92-94%.

After opening the hot water tap, the processes inside the geyser occur in next order. The water unit opens the gas supply to the igniter and closes the sensor contacts. As a result, a spark occurs on the candle and the wick is ignited. After that, the fuel supply to the main burner is opened, which is ignited by the igniter, which immediately goes out. The unit operates in the main mode and heats the water until the tap closes or one of the emergency situations occurs:

• actuation of the traction sensor;
• pressure drop in the water pipe;
• attenuation of the main burner;
• operation of the overheating sensor;
• gas pressure drop;
• power outage.

Advantages and disadvantages

For apartments where chimney channels are not provided, for preparing water for DHW needs Previously, there was only one solution - an electric storage water heater. With the advent of forced-air flow heaters, residents of such apartments have an alternative. This is one of the main advantages of columns with a closed combustion chamber. And here are the rest:

• there is no need to organize the flow of air for combustion into the house, the usual supply and exhaust ventilation required in accordance with the regulations is sufficient;
• high work efficiency, which means cost-effectiveness;
• gas water heaters without a chimney are fully automated and create additional comfort during operation;
• tandem fan - burner successfully smooth out water temperature drops when several taps are opened within the available power;
• the entry of various combustion products into the room is practically excluded.

Like any other water heater, a closed-type chimney column has some disadvantages. One of them - high price products compared to conventional flow units. The reason is the presence in the design of additional expensive elements and parts. But look at the problem from a different angle in this situation: the installation of a heater is planned at the stage of building a house. And consider what will be cheaper: installing a traditional chimney and buying a regular column or installing coaxial pipe and the purchase of a turbocharged unit.

The heater, which uses a closed combustion chamber and a fan, creates some noise during operation. In addition, the device is completely dependent on the availability of electricity, so it cannot be used in areas with frequent blackouts. Or will it need alternative source electricity, such as a gasoline or diesel generator.

Due to the complexity of the design, do-it-yourself maintenance and cleaning of the water heater is excluded. If you decide to install a turbocharged column, be prepared to contact the service departments for troubleshooting. More information about the products can be found by watching the video:

Conclusion

The advantages of high-tech pressurized water heaters are undeniable and worthy of attention. Thanks to this, they continue to confidently conquer the market. Therefore, before choosing a column of a certain type, weigh the pros and cons so that its further operation brings you joy and comfort.

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In our country, gas water heaters have been known for a long time and enjoy well-deserved trust. Among their advantages are operation on gas, which allows significant savings on the cost of hot water (as a result, it is cheaper in economic terms than an electric water heater), independence from the supply of electricity, which is very convenient in countryside, fairly low cost of equipment, a wide selection of models by type and brand of the manufacturer.

Modern gas-fired water heaters are equipped with all kinds of control devices that allow users to be completely confident in the safety of the device.

Gas water heaters are divided into two types according to the method of operation: flow-through (columns) and storage (gas boilers). Each of them has undeniable advantages and disadvantages. You need to choose the best option only after a thorough acquaintance with the general principles of operation of each type of equipment.

Flow gas heaters

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Flow-through gas water heaters, or as they are also called - columns - are devices powered by main gas. They are popular both now and were previously widely known among domestic consumers. Modern speakers are very comfortable, safe and devoid of significant shortcomings their predecessors. They are equipped with thermostats, which makes it possible to easily maintain the selected temperature, have multi-level security systems, built-in functions, an elegant look and do not take up much space.

Features of gas water heaters of this type

The basic requirement for installing water heaters of this type- the presence of permanent gas from the main networks. But it is worth saying that some manufacturers make water heaters that work well on liquefied gas, but the number of such models is extremely small.
Depending on the power of the unit, it can heat from 5 to 17 liters of water per minute - about the same as you can get by simply opening a central hot water tap.

Types of instantaneous water heaters

According to the ignition method, gas water heaters are of the following types:

• Piezo(the spark comes from the piezoelectric element);
• electronic ignition(the spark comes from simple batteries);
• Hydrogenerators(the burner will be ignited directly from the miniturbine).

Experts note that gas water heaters with pietro ignition and constant burning of the pilot flame (most often these are budget models of domestic production Neva, Vector) ultimately consume more gas, respectively, higher bills for its payment than for models with automatic ignition from batteries or hydro generator.
In addition, many of the latest models are equipped with modulating burners that regulate the operation of the device according to an increase or decrease in the amount of water used. warm water(or fluctuations in its temperature at the exit).

Technical features of the functioning of instantaneous water heaters

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Gas-fired water heaters are completely safe - when the flame on the pilot burner goes out or there are chimney malfunctions, the gas flow and, accordingly, the operation of the column are blocked to prevent an emergency.

The main advantage of all types of geysers is the instantaneous heating of water - as soon as the burner flame ignites, the water that passes through the coil inside this geyser begins to heat up. Therefore, users can get an almost unlimited amount of heated water without waiting.

Gas water heaters have a capacity of 17 to 30 kW. If warm water is needed for one water intake point, for example, in the kitchen, then a column designed for 17-23 kW will be quite enough. In order to fully provide hot water and a bathroom, equipment with a power of more than 24 kW is required. The maximum value for gas heaters is 28-30 kW of power. The amount of water heated per unit of time will depend on this indicator. The performance of various models of columns can range from 5 to 16 liters per minute. Regarding orientation when choosing the optimal type of column in terms of performance and consumption of warm water:

• 10-11 liters per minute - enough only for kitchen needs or taking a shower;
• 13-14 liters per minute - allows you to simultaneously use heated water in two different points - for example, in the kitchen and bathroom;
• 14 liters per minute or more - this is maximum comfort, it makes it possible to receive high-temperature water at several points at once.

It is worth noting that the indicator of 24 kW is prohibitive for electric water heaters- in order to ensure such an efficiency of the unit, electricity would have to be connected to it via a cable as thick as an adult's finger.

The combustion chamber

Instantaneous water heaters have an open or closed view combustion chambers. It is worth considering that heaters with a closed chamber are safer to operate. The reason is that they take air not from the room where they are directly based, but from the neighboring one - due to the presence of a system of conductive pipes. Heater models with open cam on the contrary, they consume air from the room where they are located - accordingly, in the presence of any malfunction of the system, gas can enter the room where the column is installed and this can lead to emergency consequences. Accordingly, columns with an open combustion chamber require special attention.

Advantages of instantaneous water heaters

Instantaneous water heaters are quite elegant, do not take up much space and are economical in gas consumption. As a rule, after opening the tap, warm water is coming turning on the automation that opens the gas valve and ignites the burner. Now there are several ignition systems - with or without a pilot wick. The presence of a standby wick means that it can be lit by oneself with a lighter, as was done many years ago. In systems without a pilot wick, the ignition gas burner occurs automatically using electronic or hydrodynamic ignition. The principles of operation of the hydrodynamic ignition system are quite simple and do not require additional energy sources - after the tap is opened, there is a flow cold water into the column, while the water turns the turbine of the generator that generates electricity in order to ignite the gas.
When installing a gas instantaneous water heater, it is important to consider that the distance between the unit and the tap should be no more than 6 meters, otherwise the waiting time for water will increase.

The most convenient to use are columns with modular burners, as they automatically regulate the gas supply in such an amount that when the pressure of the water at the outlet fluctuates, its temperature is constant.

Accordingly, a geyser, in the presence of main gas, is one of the simplest and most economical options for obtaining hot water.

Accumulative gas heaters

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Storage type gas water heaters - boilers - are devices with large capacity, which heats water using liquefied or main gas. They differ from geysers in lower energy costs and more impressive dimensions. Just like other drives, such water heaters need a certain time to heat the water, respectively, similar models are less popular among the population than columns. The installation process for both instantaneous and gas-fired storage water heaters are almost identical.

Advantages of gas boilers

It should be noted that most brands produce two versions of gas heater models regarding the type of combustion chamber: closed and open. With a closed type of combustion chamber, draft is carried out by force, with an open type - in a natural way.
Forced draft accumulative gas heaters are more modern and convenient to use, they do not require additional air supply in the room to maintain combustion processes, their installation is simpler and cheaper, since they do not require the installation of a traditional chimney. But at the same time, there is one drawback - they are more expensive than gas water heaters with an open type of combustion chamber.

Technical characteristics of gas boilers

Boilers designed for household needs, respectively, have a small displacement, are mounted directly on the wall, and semi-industrial and industrial type gas boilers are installed on the floor due to their large dimensions and heavy weight. Wall-mounted water heaters have tanks with a volume of up to 120 liters, this amount of water is enough for the domestic needs of an ordinary family of 3-4 people. The volume of the floor heater tank can range from 150 to 20,000 liters.

The undoubted advantage of boiler water heaters is the availability of a supply of hot water - it exists thanks to the storage tank. Also, water heaters of this type have minimal heat loss - almost all models have a special heat-insulating layer consisting of polyurethane or mineral wool, which prevents the water from cooling quickly.

Accumulative gas heaters are completely safe - most models have draft and flame sensors. In the event of a malfunction, they block the gas supply to the unit.
Also, storage heaters are great for domestic use in large families - it is possible to connect equipment to several points of water intake at the same time and use hot water at once in both the bathroom and the kitchen.

Regarding the important characteristics of boilers, it is worth noting that due to the gradual heating of the liquid in the tank, storage water heaters have a relatively low power - from 4.2 to 9 kW. The higher this indicator, the more powerful the unit and the faster the water is heated. It is also worth noting that for equal volumes storage tank A gas water heater heats water faster than an electric water heater. In addition, it does not depend on blackouts, restrictions or power surges.

Choice of gas water heaters

The most valuable advantage of water heaters is independence from interruptions in the supply of warm water. centralized system hot water supply, it is not turned off either in cases of accidents, interruptions or preventive maintenance. Undoubtedly, it is important that the user independently chooses the desired water temperature (from 200 to 600C). Moreover, it often happens that central system hot water supply, the temperature of warm water does not always meet the temperature standards - not hot, but warm water flows through the pipes.

In addition, it is worth noting that the amount of payments for water heated using a gas column will in any case be lower than the tariff for a centralized supply.

When purchasing a gas water heater, you should pay attention close attention on his specifications- if the power is less than necessary for use, then there will be a constant lack of hot water (the water will be at a lower temperature), with constant overloads, the equipment will quickly fail. Also, if the power of the unit is back to back enough for the planned consumption, then the water heater may also break down soon - with constant work on maximum power and at high speeds heating elements will soon be out of order.

Comparative technical characteristics of gas water heaters

The need for automatic regulation of the flame in the columns

Modern columns have a traditional or modular burner. In the design of a traditional burner, the heating element constantly operates at a given power, the water temperature will change if the pressure of the water flow decreases. It is necessary to manually reduce or increase the power depending on the needs. Columns with a modulating burner do not need to carry out these manipulations, because it goes automatic regulation, special sensors work that control the liquid pressure, gas pressure and adjust the power accordingly, which allows you to maintain the temperature set by the user.

Types of heat exchanger material in the design of gas heaters

As part of water heaters, one of the most important constituent elements is a heat exchanger. Therefore, when buying, you need to pay attention to what kind of material it is made of. Most often it is made of copper - this material is durable, not subject to corrosion, respectively, the unit will faithfully serve for a long time. But copper also has a weak side - intolerance to the action of too high temperatures, in this case, sensors are needed that will not allow the element to overheat.

The heat exchanger can be made of copper - it will be resistant to high temperature, but its service life is relatively short - at most a couple of years. therefore, do not be surprised that the cost of columns with a steel heat exchanger will be lower than with copper.

Installation of gas water heaters

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The most important point regarding installation issues is that it is impossible to install and connect a gas water heater either by yourself or with the help of non-professionals in an attempt to save money on installation. Installation work carried out by amateurs can not only disable gas equipment, but also lead to dangerous situations, gas leaks, fires, explosions.

Initially, any gas equipment requires increased attention and a serious approach during installation work. In order to provide services for the installation and maintenance of gas units in our country, there is a mandatory certification of all services that are engaged in this area of ​​work. Their activities are regulated normative documents state standard. When concluding a contract for the installation of gas units, you should carefully review all the certificates and documents of the service, find out customer reviews (best of all, if they are friends, neighbors, relatives who have already hired specialists from this service at least a few months ago).

There are several different options for connecting gas water heaters - using flexible pipes, metal-plastic or propylene pipes. For hot water, only propylene or metal-plastic pipes, because flexible eyeliner will quickly fail.

If a gas water heater is installed wall type, then it comes with anchors for fixing the unit to the wall. The quality of the water should also be taken into account - in the case when tap water hard, when heated, a precipitate will fall out, respectively, it is advisable to install a regular coarse filter at the hot water outlet so that sediment does not go further into the pipes. In addition, it must be taken into account that the formation of scale reduces the efficiency of the water heater and its service life. In order to prevent its occurrence, you should contact specialists who will periodically clean the pipes of the gas water heater from lime scale that has formed; it is impossible to perform this procedure on your own.

The installation of a gas heater of any type should be entrusted to specialists: firstly, this ensures safety and the absence of emergencies, and secondly, this is a guarantee for the water heater itself, because in the event self-assembly equipment, the warranty on the product is automatically withdrawn.

Technical requirements for the installation work of gas heaters

In all private houses and apartments, when mounting speakers, you need to know the initial safety requirements.

If a column with an open combustion chamber, then the cubic area of ​​​​the room should be at least 8 square meters. If the water heater is with a closed chamber, then the area of ​​​​the room should be at least 6 square meters. The ceiling height in the room must be at least 2.2 meters and must have natural ventilation. If the column model is with an open combustion chamber, then it is necessary to provide for a constant inflow into the room fresh air, for example, through a window or an ajar door.
Most often, geysers are installed as close as possible to the mixers (water intake points). In apartments, they are mainly mounted in the kitchen.

For gas instantaneous water heaters that have an open chamber, the products of combustion must be removed through a natural draft chimney. This chimney must be made of acid-resistant steel, because during the oxidation process aggressive acids will form, causing corrosion on simple, unprotected metal. For models with a closed chamber, combustion products must be removed through a coaxial channel.

conclusions

Gas water heaters are great for heating hot water. They are used for both domestic and industrial needs in the presence of mains or liquefied gas. There is a wide choice of types of heaters - on the market there is an assortment of both domestic and foreign manufacturers of this equipment, each of which has a wide range of models. Among their undoubted advantages is independence from voltage drops in electrical network(which happens quite often in our conditions, especially outside the city), efficiency and autonomous provision of a house or apartment with hot water. It is worth buying gas heaters only in a new condition, checking the availability of all certificates and permits - in case of a fake, the price of inattention can be too high, because it can lead to a dangerous situation. The installation of equipment should also be entrusted to specialists, having previously familiarized themselves with their licenses and work permits, because in the case of installation of equipment by non-specialized workers, the warranty for the purchased goods automatically expires.

The problem of obtaining hot water is relevant among residents of the private sector. Quite often, homeowners use storage-type gas water heaters. Although this version of the heater is more expensive, it pays for itself faster during operation: gas is many times cheaper than electricity.

Heating takes place in quite capacious tank, which is the main part of the whole structure. Its size ranges from 50 to 300 liters. Heating is done with heat exchanger, the products of combustion are removed from the product with the help of a discharge pipe. Special sensors are also available, whose duties include monitoring different parameters, heat-insulating elements, ignition system, cold water inlet and hot water outlet.

The boiler is filled with water automatically. When cold water enters the tank, the gas supply to the burner is turned on, the resulting heat flow exits the product through a pipe of a special design (with a turbulator), heating the volume of water along the way. When the set value is reached, the temperature sensor turns off the gas and the heating stops.

What is the difference between such a water heater and a gas column? storage boiler gradually heats the volume of water poured into it, and only when the temperature set by the consumer is reached, it can be used. The geyser heats the water immediately, as it works according to the principle flow heater. The only thing that unites both devices is that they use gas as a heat source.

You can learn visual information about the device of a gas boiler from this video:

Types of boilers

Such Appliances experts classify according to several criteria:

1. Combustion chamber type - open or closed.
2. Ignition system - from a piezoelectric element or an electrical home network.
3. According to the installation method - on the floor or wall-mounted.

Gas water heater with draft open type equipped with a similar combustion chamber. Their work is carried out according to the following principle: oxygen, so necessary for stable operation, comes directly from the room where the boiler is located. All combustion products are removed through chimney, which the user needs to set in advance.

The cost of this type of water heater is cheaper, but the arrangement of the chimney system will cost a pretty penny, which does not appeal to users.

With closed combustion chamber

A boiler using forced draft is considered by specialists more than economical option for placement in his home: his closed cell has special system removal of combustion products with powerful pump. This type does not require a separate ventilation system, because they do not use the air from the room for sustainable combustion - this fact becomes decisive when their homeowners choose private buildings.

With piezo element

To start a modern gas water heater, matches or a lighter are no longer needed - each product has a special button, when pressed, the unit starts working. Products of this class are equipped with a piezoelectric element, which ignites the gas. Many users consider this an atavism, an outdated option, but these boilers do not lose their popularity due to their low price.

Some homeowners are looking to purchase the latest gas boiler with the latest system. auto start, which works independently - you just have to open the tap. Similar models are much more convenient in operation and consume blue fuel very economically, and the piezoelectric element can be powered by electric power or Mars-type batteries.

floor version

The installation of a gas water heater on the floor is carried out due to the rather large dimensions and weight: the tank of the product can hold 100-300 liters of water. Before acquiring such a massive device, it is necessary to equip a place for it - perfect option in a separate room, where gas can be easily supplied. Such boilers are bought by the owners of private houses to provide the whole family with hot water. all year round, in the apartment of the city high-rise building to place such a giant would be problematic.

Wall placement

As a rule, with this option, water heaters have a more compact look: they are placed in the bathroom over a sink or toilet, which allows users to save space and use it more rationally. These water heaters are designed for a small volume, so they can be installed in a city apartment of any size - the product will provide you with hot water, while not taking up much space.

What volume to choose

To choose a gas storage type water heater that is ideal for your family, you need to know the consumption of hot water per person. Experts assure that this figure is in the range of 50-70 liters. daily consumption. Manufacturers of similar equipment produce various options with a volume of up to 300 liters, so choosing the right option will not be so difficult.

When a water heater is purchased for a family living in own house outside the city, then it is necessary to consider options no lower than 150 liters - it is this volume that can satisfy the needs for personal hygiene of all households. For those who doubt the validity of this statement, let's do a little calculation:

• take a bath - at least 150;
• shower - 50-100;
• morning hygiene - 15 liters;
• for washing dishes - no more than 30 liters.

Now multiply all this by family members - the result is unlikely to please you.

The volume of boilers from 200 liters is considered the best option for big family with small children.

Additional device selection options

Choosing a cumulative gas boiler, you should pay attention to the following important parameters.

Rated power

This indicator for gas products starts from 4-6 kW: burners with a capacity of 7 kW are installed in a boiler with a tank volume of at least 150 liters - it takes only about an hour to heat the entire volume. For an electric boiler of similar parameters, heating takes from 2 to 4 hours. The decisive factor here is that gas is much cheaper, and there are other nuances in operation in favor of the gas option.

Production material

The tank of modern products is made from plain steel grade coated special formulations or from a very expensive of stainless steel. Each option has its pros and cons.

The first option is much cheaper than the second, but when choosing, the user must also take into account the fact that the first tank has thinner walls, which is of primary importance in the event of frequent water hammer in the water supply system. Stainless steel more resistant to corrosion, and the special enamel coating may crack over time - the container quickly rusts and becomes unusable.

When different coatings are used from titanium to glass porcelain, then the service life of the container has different time values, but the composition of the coating has a strong influence on the final cost of the product. There is another nuance here: microcracks appear over time from frequent temperature changes, to prevent their occurrence, the user must set the temperature not exceeding 60 0 C. Sometimes, in order to prevent the development of various bacteria, it is necessary to heat the water almost to a boil.

Today, boilers with stainless steel tanks are considered the most reliable. Their warranty is 7-10 years, while the glass-porcelain coated tanks have a total of no more than 12 months.

Magnesium anode

All boilers are equipped with such a device, its technical name is electrochemical protection with a sacrificial anode, which is made mainly of magnesium, sometimes zinc. The anode gradually dissolves due to oxidation, providing reliable protection inner surface of the tank against corrosion. The replacement also depends on the structure of the water: it is changed at least once a year for sprayed tanks, and when a stainless steel tank is installed, it is almost not necessary to change the anode. When buying, always ask about the presence of a magnesium device inside the product or find similar information in the instruction manual.

Insert scheme and installation

Mounting gas equipment is strictly regulated, so you can’t do without a specialist with the appropriate approval - otherwise you won’t have to rely on warranty service later.

Scheme of connecting a storage gas water heater

1. The boiler is installed in such a way that there is a gap between the product and the wall, which is necessary for inspection and maintenance of all components.
2. A pipe of at least ¾ inch is used for connection, while there is important feature: The hot water outlet pipe is connected on the left and the cold water inlet is connected on the right.
3. To avoid overheating of the water heater, it is necessary to use safety valve.
4. Before connecting the device to the water supply system, turn on the water and check its quality for foreign impurities. And it is better to install on the supply pipe special filter protecting expensive equipment.
5. Few users know that the pressure should not exceed eight bar, otherwise a reduction gear must be installed.
6. Water will constantly drip from the hydraulic valve - this is normal, but you need to install a pipe to drain it into the sewer so that it does not get on the boiler body.
7. If you do not permanently reside in the winter country house, then at each departure, drain the water, otherwise the equipment will become unusable.

As you can see, there are many nuances when installing a water heater on gas, but if you do everything that is required, then the product will work properly for a long time.

Security measures

Often many users have doubts about the safe use of equipment using an open flame, but manufacturers assure that they have accepted everything necessary measures on security. These systems include:

• thrust sensor, which is triggered by any violation of the functions of the chimney - it immediately turns off the gas supply;
• hydraulic valve- it instantly reacts to the lack of water, the gas supply is immediately blocked so that there is no overheating of the equipment;
• flame controller- this is an ordinary thermocouple, sometimes it is supplemented with an ionized corrector, if the flame goes out for some reason, then the gas flow is blocked, thereby preventing its unwanted leakage.

The exhaust hood, which any product of this class has, prevents the possibility of a return flow into the room where the boiler is installed, combustion products. Therefore, the user does not have to worry - everything harmful substances safely removed to the inhabitants country house does not threaten in the morning headache due to the use of a gas water heater.

To organize the supply of hot water to a house, or a small manufacturing enterprise a water heater must be installed. On the market, you can find various options that differ mainly in the way water is heated (flow-through, storage) and the resource with which the heating itself is carried out directly (electric, gas and indirect heating boilers). Of course instantaneous water heater very convenient, as it allows you to get an endless amount of hot water, unlike storage options. In this category of devices, of course, the gas instantaneous water heater, called a geyser, is in the lead. The geyser is able to quickly and efficiently heat water, while consuming a minimum amount of gas. There are a lot of manufacturing options and technical capabilities of gas water heaters, but the main difference between them is still the type of combustion chamber.

Advantages of geysers with a closed combustion chamber

A unit with an open combustion chamber that takes combustion air from the room and can cause various troubles in the event of a malfunction of the ventilation or chimney ducts is, to put it mildly, imperfect. In geysers with closed type combustion chambers air intake and exhaust exhaust gases from combustion products is carried out forcibly, with the help of built-in fans. There are models of columns with a complete set with a coaxial chimney, which is able to provide high-quality air supply and exhaust. This type of column is much safer, because the ingress of toxic fumes carbon monoxide into the room is practically impossible, you just need to take the handset outside, without additional installation and installation of a special chimney.

The principle of operation of gas water heaters with closed combustion

A turbocharged geyser can be ignited:

• From piezo ignition - a spark occurs that ignites the burner when the button of the piezoelectric element is pressed;
• Hydroturbine ignition - a turbine mini generator is built into the unit, water, rotating the turbine blades, generates electricity, with the help of which the burner is ignited. The most important advantage of this type is complete independence from additional power sources.
• Electricity - powered by electricity or batteries.

An important advantage of these devices is the ability to adjust the heating temperature and the ability to set the preferred one. Temperature control is usually due to a decrease or increase in the burner flame. Options for columns that allow you to adjust the temperature can be with an automatic control unit (the user simply sets the desired temperature displayed on the screen using the buttons) and mechanically (less perfect option).

To operate a gas column with a closed combustion chamber, only correct installation and setting, and you will be provided with the volume of hot water you need at any time of the day, and the reasonable price for these devices will please every customer!

Unstable DHW (hot water supply) is gradually becoming a thing of the past, and models of new developments of water heaters operating on natural gas are emerging in its place. An acceptable option for both apartments and private houses with no chimney channel is a gas water heater with a closed combustion chamber. This modern appliance It is also called turbocharged or chimneyless flow, since it does not need a chimney to eliminate exhaust gases.

An important design feature of the device is a closed chamber into which air from the street is supplied by a fan (turbine). Conventional hot water appliances use the room air during burner operation through an opening located at the bottom of the column.

Any appliance that runs on gas emits toxic substances that must be removed to the outside. The turbocolumn is no exception, only here, instead of a conventional chimney, horizontal pipe(coaxial), through a hole in the wall brought out into the street. Gas water heater with closed combustion chamber has a few more features:

• for complete combustion gas turbine delivers street air using a coaxial double-walled (double-circuit) chimney, through which toxic gases are expelled;
• device device is equipped with multi-stage and modulating burners, which can change the power and intensity of heating;
• there is no constantly burning igniter, piezo ignition button or conventional batteries to start the water heating process;
• the turbocharged column works fully in automatic mode from the moment of ignition until it is turned off;
• an electronic unit (controller) regulates the flow of air and gas in the optimal ratio with the corresponding heating mode;
• chimneyless devices operate from the mains.

Usually pressurized type gas water heaters with a coaxial chimney are equipped with an electric ignition system with electrodes to produce a spark. But in some types of columns, a mechanical hydrogenerator is involved, which generates energy from a moving water stream. Based on the features of the devices, it can be seen that they are endowed with many functions that increase the comfort and safety of operation.

All gas flow structures operate according to a single principle: when the hot water valve is opened in the apparatus, the burner ignites under the pressure of the flow and begins to heat the liquid circulating through the heat exchanger. In a smokeless appliance The process is a little different:

1. While in standby mode, the machine is connected to the mains. There is no combustion process in the chamber, since there is no igniter.
2. When the mixer tap is opened, the flow sensor and membranes of the water unit are turned on. Under its action, a valve is activated, which opens the access of gas to the burner mechanism.
3. The controller sends a command to the electrodes located next to the burner, a spark appears, which ignites the gas. The sensor reacts to the flame and signals the control unit, the formation of a spark stops, and at the same time the turbine that pumps air is turned on.
4. With the closing of the DHW tap, the gas supply stops, the burner goes out, therefore the process of heating the water is completed.

Thanks to an improved design, the efficiency of a turbocharged unit reaches 88–90%, while that of a conventional atmospheric one is 84%. Efficiency is determined by such functions:

• accurate dosing of the incoming gas and air necessary for the combustion process;
• maintaining the required temperature regime - a function that allows you to save gas, as it eliminates the cost of excessive heating;
• outdoor preheating air flow coaxial flue.

This function is the most effective, allowing you to compensate for the heat that is carried away with gas toxins. Cold air, flowing through the same pipe, only in a different plane, takes heat from oncoming flue waste through the steel wall of the inner pipe.

The geyser with a coaxial chimney is endowed with protective equipment security. They work in such situations:

• reduced water consumption;
• controller function failure.

• lack of draft in the chimney due to the cessation of the turbine, which stopped when the electricity was turned off;
• the burner went out spontaneously;
• reduced water consumption;
• controller function failure.

In each case, the gas valve is activated, shutting off the fuel. It also responds to power outages, burner shutdowns and pressure surges in the gas pipeline, without the intervention of the controller.

A geyser without a chimney does not exist, and in appliances with a pressurization function, its design has been simplified. Now you can use turbocharged devices not only in private houses, but also in apartments. It is only necessary to make a hole in the wall that communicates with the street and through it to bring the chimney horizontally along the shortest path.

If necessary, a coaxial chimney can be installed vertically on the roof of a private building, having previously prepared a shaft for it from non-combustible material. There are other advantages of a column with a coaxial chimney:

1. It is characterized by high efficiency and economy when compared with conventional water heaters.
2. The closed combustion chamber eliminates hazardous flue gas emissions and bad smell in room.
3. Simple installation of supply and exhaust ventilation, as you can not do without it.
4. The presence of a high degree of automation of the coaxial apparatus brings convenience to the operation of the equipment.
5. The function of an energy carrier can be performed not only by natural, but also by liquefied gas. But this requires the use of a special hood, arranged closer to the floor (propane is heavier than air).

In addition to sensors that ensure the safety and temperature of the water, turbocharged units have a heat exchanger antifreeze system. The principle of operation is as follows: at a negative temperature in the room, a heating element powered by electricity is automatically turned on, which heats the heat exchanger and prevents the water from freezing.

The anti-freeze function in the coaxial speaker will be useful in case of emergency shutdown heating system in winter time. It will prevent defrosting of expensive equipment and its failure.

Cons when using the device

The disadvantage of a coaxial geyser is energy dependence. If there is a power outage, there will be no hot water. You will need to use an electric generator or a reliable uninterruptible power supply. Other negative points these appliances:

1. Coaxial gas unit almost twice as expensive as atmospheric. But when comparing purchase and installation in a complex, a coaxial chimney will cost much less than making it out of brick or installing an insulated sandwich.
2. Fan noise is heard on some speaker models.
3. It is better to entrust the cleaning of the device to a specialist. Modern equipment has a complex device, so it is not recommended to try to find a malfunction and fix it yourself.

To carry out the installation of this type of unit, the permission of the organization supplying natural gas. You should also notify the neighbors that a chimney will be installed on the facade of the house.

It's kind gas devices, which is a reservoir in which water is heated, and then spreads along pipe lines to water points. The water in the tank is constantly hot, and not at the moment the DHW tap is opened, as when using a flow-through heat generator. The chimneyless column works according to this principle: when the temperature in the tank drops, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the burner to turn on. During burner operation hot air enters the flame tube, surrounded by water, and transfers heat to it. As soon as the water heats up to the set mode, the burner turns off.

The container of the device is equipped with thermal insulation, therefore, like a thermos, it can maintain temperature for a long time. You can always use hot water instantly and in required volume. The capacity of the reservoir of the storage device is different for all models, ranging from 10 to 500 liters. The case is made of steel, covered with enamel or glass porcelain. The main advantage of the boiler is the use of a large volume of hot water even when the water supply is completely turned off.

But, like any technological design, a turbocharged column has a drawback - hot water remains in the gap between the DHW valve and the tank, which then cools down. Therefore, the user, having opened the tap, has to wait until the cold water comes down.

This problem is solved by a circulation plant, consisting of a small pump, which is connected by a pipe with a small diameter to a pipe system leading to the end points. The pump pumps the remaining unused water back into the tank, preventing it from cooling down.

About the place of purchase gas appliance it is impossible to give any specific advice. It is necessary to focus on stores known for the quality of service, a diverse assortment, and the presence of worthy models.

In specialized plumbing and heating engineering stores, big choice products, the characteristics of which can be seen live, to evaluate appearance columns. Purchasing through the online store also has its advantages - the ability to exchange and return the goods within two weeks, without specifying the reasons, huge selection, ordering a rare model, reading reviews from other buyers.

The Neva gas water heater with a closed combustion chamber is popular. This equipment is characterized flow heating water, using liquefied gas, possibility of connection to bottled gas. Based on operating practice, it is known that with this device you can get 6 liters of hot water per minute. flow column equipped with sensors and timers responsible for the quality of the device. It has a power of 9 kW.

When purchasing a gas water heater, first of all, you should make sure that there is a decent security system for comfortable use of the equipment. It must be equipped with sensors that monitor flame, overheating and chimney backdraft. You can choose any ignition option based on your preferences and wishes.

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