How to feed clematis to bloom. How to properly plant clematis to ensure abundant clematis blooms

Special place in decorative design suburban areas are occupied by clematis. This plant, amazing in its beauty, is a liana, which has a variety of colors, unique texture and shape, as well as a unique aroma.

Thanks to the large number various kinds clematis, this flower has become almost indispensable element in landscape design, allowing you to transform the walls of the building, hedges, arches and bring brightness to the design of a garden or flower bed.

Clematis: a variety of species of "noble buttercup"

Clematis belong to the ranunculus family, but they have a number of advantages over their "wild" relative and are used to improve, decorate gardens and suburban areas. Therefore, this flower is also called "noble buttercup". Clematis are successfully grown in temperate and subtropical climates, and middle lane Russia - practically perfect option for their reproduction.

The variety of varieties of perennial loach is divided into several groups, based on their closest maternal relative. Consider the seven main types of clematis:

Hundreds of varieties of clematis take part in the vertical gardening of the garden, differing in color, petal texture, shoot length and some care features.

Features of planting clematis

good planting material is the key to abundant and long flowering

In order for clematis to please hosts and guests for a long time garden plot with its abundance bright flowers, it is necessary to take care of the quality in advance planting material.

First of all, you need to decide how to plant clematis: seeds or finished seedlings.

In the first case, when buying seeds, it is important to consider the following points:

• at home, it is better to sow small-flowered clematis;
• flower seeds need stratification (ripened seeds are exposed to cold temperatures);
• when buying seeds, it is better to give preference to products of reputable manufacturers that supply planting material for various horticultural crops;
• seeds collected from own plants should be stored in a dark place until planting.

Purchased clematis seedlings must meet the following requirements:

• on plants there should be no mechanical damage, signs of disease or the presence of pests;
• high-quality planting material will have a well-developed root system (at least 5 roots);
• a plant purchased in autumn must have at least two developed shoots with buds, in spring - one;
• in autumn, it is better to buy seedlings no earlier than mid-September; in spring and summer, seedlings are sold less frequently;
• better choose biennial plants with a closed root;
• clematis seedlings obtained by grafting on wild species, are not subject to sale;
• when buying, pay attention to the variety of the flower and the requirements for planting and caring for it.

selection and preparation of the optimal landing site

Clematis can grow in one place for more than 20 years, so you need to carefully choose a site for planting them.

The winding flower loves the sun, which means that it is better to plant it on the south side of the site. The plant needs lighting about 5-6 hours per day. For most varieties, this is one of the main conditions for rapid flowering and active growth. Bicolor varieties of perennials prefer to grow in partial shade.

To the composition of the soil, clematis are unpretentious. The only thing to consider is that they do not tolerate swampy, damp soil. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a site located on a small hill - this will protect the plants from flooding in the spring.

It is necessary to equip supports for clematis, along which the plant will curl. This could be an archway, a nearby tree, a trellis, an arbor wall, or a stair railing. When choosing one or another support, we must remember that for the winter the branches of clematis will need to be removed and insulated, so the design should not be too complicated. To decorate an intricate support, it is better to use clematis varieties that do not need thorough pruning.

You can not plant clematis near country structures with an angled roof to avoid rainwater runoff on the root neck of the plant. A minimum distance of half a meter must be maintained

favorable landing time

In regions with temperate climate(southern regions and central Russia) clematis are planted in the fall - the first decade of September. The plant will have time to take root and safely overwinter.

If in the region frosts begin already with the onset of October (northern regions), then the planting should be postponed to spring, namely, to the end of April - the beginning of May. In this case, clematis will please flowering only next year.

The exception is potted clematis from the age of three years, which have a fairly strong root system. These flowers are able to withstand low temperatures, so they can be planted for the winter.

landing process

Let's break the process of planting clematis into the following steps:

After a while, around clematis, it is desirable to plant undersized flowers that protect the roots from excess light.

Key points for caring for clematis

Majority garden plants need regular and careful care, clematis is no exception. Planting and care perennial flower are very interconnected: top dressing, watering and pruning are directly dependent on the growing season of the plant.

flower care after planting

In the first year after planting, the plant cannot be fertilized abundantly, as this is fraught with damage or death of clematis.

In prolonged rainy weather, in order to prevent root rotting, you can sprinkle wood ash on the root part of the trunk.

If there is a possibility of overdrying the soil, then it can be mulched with humus or moss - cover the area around the flower with a material that allows air to pass through and regulates soil moisture and temperature.

As a fertilizer for young plant you can use a copper solution or "Strawberry Concentrate".

pruning, feeding and watering clematis

Careful attention to flowers will be the key to beauty personal plot and provide abundant flowering clematis. Growing plants is impossible without knowing the rules of pruning, the frequency of fertilizing and watering rates.

The procedure for pruning clematis depends on the variety of decorative vines:

1. The first group - flowers are formed on last year's shoots. Need pruning only with a strong growth of the bush. In autumn, before the onset of frost, old and weak shoots are cut off.
2. The second group - pruning is done in two stages: in the spring they are removed flowering shoots last year, in the fall - cut off the weakest shoots.
3. The third group - plants that give the main color from young shoots. Cut clematis in the spring to the height of the first kidney from ground level.

After cutting, clematis must be insulated by covering the remaining shoots with a layer of earth and peat. Sensitive varieties are covered from above with spruce branches, boards or roofing material. This will protect the bark of the plant from freezing and excessive moisture.

Top dressing of clematis should be carried out in the spring. You can water the plant milk of lime(for 10 liters of water - 100 grams of slaked lime), a liquid solution of mullein. Useful for flowering creepers will be watering with a copper solution: 10 liters of water + 1 tbsp. copper spoon.

Clematis give the most abundant flowering - the first seven years, because later, fertilizers and water do not reach the overgrown roots. Therefore, some amateur gardeners dig pipes into the ground (when planting), through which all the necessary nutrients.

Decorative vines require regular watering - once every 7-10 days. Water should penetrate to a depth of 60-70 cm, but during normal irrigation, most of the water spreads over the surface. To solve this problem, around the bush, at a distance of 40 cm, they dig in ordinary flower pots, which are filled with water. Through the drainage hole, water gradually reaches the roots of clematis. This method helps to get large flowers even in plants older than seven years.

Methods for propagating clematis

To obtain planting material for clematis, reproduction can occur in different ways:

• vegetative (dividing the bush, reproduction by layering and cuttings);
• seeds (only acceptable for plants with small flowers).

The division of the bush can be carried out in the fifth or sixth year after planting. To do this, just dig a bush and divide it into several parts. The advantage of the method - fast flowering new shrub, and main disadvantage- this is the probability of not rooting the bush and the transmission of diseases to it from the mother plant.

Most often, gardeners propagate clematis by cuttings. The method can be used in spring, autumn or even winter (lignified cuttings).

The second most popular breeding method for the "noble buttercup" is seed. Consider in order how to plant clematis seeds:

The use of clematis in landscape design

Clematis occupy a worthy place in landscape design, due to their long, abundant and bright flowering. Most often they are used as a vertical design.

The main options for using clematis in transforming the appearance of a garden plot and creating original compositions:

Clematis is a national favorite, ready to please the owners beautiful flowering and intricate weaving of vines. All the difficulties and nuances of caring for the "noble ranunculus" are fully compensated by the festive atmosphere that these flowers create in the garden.

Clematis, like any other flower, for good and lush flowering must be fed. Then it will fully develop and give you its amazingly beautiful flowers that will decorate your fence, wall or gazebo. It all depends on what you plant it next to. amazing plant. After all, it is for this that clematis is grown, so that it will further decorate the structure that serves as its support. And now, let's directly figure out which types of fertilizer are suitable for clematis. How can you feed him, and what does he not like. We feed clematis. What and how should it be done? For all the time of its growing season, clematis is usually fed 4 times. In the spring, when your clematis just wake up, you already need to think about top dressing. They do this not immediately, but only at the end of spring. You need to feed with urea (here good article about this fertilizer). You will need to take just a tablespoon of this fertilizer, and add mullein to it (it should already be in liquid form, 1 liter). Both of these components are diluted in an ordinary, 10-liter bucket of water. The second time you will need to do top dressing when the clematis has not yet bloomed, but is already about to do it. We again calculate for a bucket of water. Agricola-7 is already bred in it (a tablespoon of this drug) and plus potassium sulfate (taken in the same amount). When your clematis has successfully faded, you again need to feed it. The same 10 liters of water, but we already dilute any of these 2 fertilizers in them: again Agricola-7, or, it can be replaced with Flower. And the final dressing, at number 4, will be necessary for clematis already when its growth comes to an end. The same amount of water is taken, the preparations will be somewhat different. We are already taking "Agricola for flowering plants”(here the quantity is 2 tablespoons), plus potassium sulfate and superphosphate to this preparation (both of them in a tablespoon). As for the consumption of fertilizers. At all stages of feeding it is not more than 10 liters. So much to pour on each clematis bush. Preparing clematis for winter. How to do it? In order for clematis to successfully overwinter, it must be properly prepared for this. You need to start with pruning, during which you will need to seriously shorten the shoots and leave them only 20 centimeters in length. Roots must be covered. This can be done with humus or dry peat. The plant itself is covered with a box on top. And then from above they are still covered with additional sawdust. A film is laid on top of the sawdust, but at the same time it is necessary to make a hole in it so that the clematis simply does not suffocate there and suffocate. In severe frosts, clematis can suffer even under such shelter. It happens that clematis catches a little frost. In this case, it recovers quite quickly, but the flowering will no longer be so lush.

Clematis are liana-like plants of the buttercup family. Among flower growers, it is known as clematis, vine or grandfather curls and is widely used for vertical gardening. Spectacular climbing shoots of clematis, humiliated from early June to August graceful flowers, serve as decoration of gardens and cottages, balconies and arbors. To obtain lush flowering, competent care is required throughout the entire growing season. Spring events are of particular importance. First of all - top dressing, laying the foundations for future flowering.

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Care after winter

They begin to take care of clematis literally immediately after the snow melts, freeing the awakened plants from winter shelters and performing a number of other simple but important activities.

Removal of shelters

After wintering, protection is removed from clematis. Do it gradually:

• When the mercury column in the daytime ceases to fall below 0 ° C, ventilation holes are made in the protection, providing access fresh air and light to the shoots of the plant.
• Fully winter shelters Harvest only when the threat of night frosts disappears.



pruning

Clematis are pruned in autumn. If for some reason this could not be done, then pruning is carried out in early spring:

• In varieties that bloom twice a year, all old and dried shoots are removed, and healthy ones are shortened to 1 m.
• Clematis blooming on the shoots of the current year are cut to a length of 30 cm, leaving 2-3 buds.
• In the spring, all broken and deformed branches are removed.



Support and garter

Spring growth of clematis shoots begins in May, reaching a maximum by the middle of this month. At daytime temperatures above 10 ° C, the vine stretches by 7-10 cm per day and needs a support, natural or artificially erected. It is worth taking care of its presence and garter of the vine in early spring.

The first garter is carried out on minimum distance from the earth. As they grow, the shoots of clematis are fan-shaped distributed over the surface of the support, carefully making sure that they are not intertwined, and fixed. This will provide good illumination of the shoots, protect the plant from mechanical damage and their consequences, and also give the bush a decorative look.



Scheme for fixing shoots of clematis

Watering

In spring, clematis experience an increased need for moisture. After the snow melts, the soil is sufficiently saturated with water, but its reserves are quickly consumed. Clematis react painfully to moisture deficiency, so in the spring, especially when a small amount rainfall, moisten the soil.

Watering is carried out infrequently (once a week), but plentifully, trying to moisten the soil to a depth of up to half a meter, which is explained by the tap type of the root system of plants. From 10 to 20 liters of water are poured under young bushes, 1.5-2 times more under adults. How older plant, topics in more it needs moisture.

Soil loosening

After each watering, the soil is loosened. This will avoid excessive evaporation of water and prevent the growth of unwanted vegetation.

The first time the soil is loosened in early spring, still wet from the fallen snow, in order to destroy the soil crust and weeds. Loosening is carried out to a depth of 2-5 cm.

Mulching

Covering the soil with mulch partially replaces watering and loosening. It helps to retain moisture in the ground, saturate it with oxygen and protects the roots from overheating.

Used as mulch various materials: peat, semi-rotted manure, sawdust, straw, compost, humus. The use of organic matter helps plants receive additional nutrition during rain.




Mulch is laid around the bushes, trying not to touch the shoots. This will protect them from being attacked by rodents.

Planting at the base of the shoots of clematis annual flowering plants works similarly to mulch. It can be marigolds, which not only protect the roots, but also repel some insect pests with the help of smell.

Prevention of diseases and pests

The roots of clematis, especially in conditions of waterlogging of the soil, are susceptible to fungal diseases (fusarium, wilting, gray rot), which can lead to the loss of the plant. As a preventive measure for the occurrence of diseases in the spring, under the clematis bushes, blue vitriol(50 g per 10 l), foundationol (20 g per 10 l) or any other fungicide, 3-4 l under a bush. The treatment is repeated 3-4 times.

Dangerous pests of clematis are gall nematodes that penetrate the root tissues and form thickenings (galls). To prevent their occurrence, spring soil mulching is carried out using mint or wormwood, the smell of which repels them.

Spring top dressing

The vegetation of most varieties of clematis is distinguished by the annual renewal of almost the entire aboveground mass and long and abundant flowering. To carry out these processes, the plant needs a large number of nutrients. Therefore, after winter, clematis needs to be fertilized.

For normal development, the plant needs 16 micro and macro elements. Three of them (oxygen, carbon and hydrogen) it receives mainly from the air. The remaining 13 are from the soil.

Fertilization Rules

Top dressing of clematis in the spring is carried out in compliance with several rules:

• fertilizers are applied after watering or in moist soil;
• to prevent "overfeeding", solutions of medium concentration are used, dry additives are scattered in small portions;
• the introduction of mineral additives is alternated with the use of organic matter.

Clematis do not tolerate chlorine-containing fertilizers.

Spring dressing scheme

During the season, adult clematis bushes are fed 5 times. Most of top dressing is in the spring.

Subsequence	Dates	Fertilizers used	Important information
1	First half of May	Urea solution (30 g per 10 liters of water) or solution ammonium nitrate(2 g per 10 liters of water under a bush from 5 to 10 years) or sprinkle fertilizer on the soil surface	Nitrogen is necessary for the growth of green mass. It activates the processes of cell division, preventing their aging. With a lack of this element, the growth of shoots slows down, the leaves become smaller and acquire a yellowish or reddish tint, few buds are formed.
2	One week after the first feeding	Mullein infusion (1:10) or chicken manure (1:15).	-
2/3	Additionally between 2 and 3 top dressings (mid - end of May)	Soil liming: 150-200 g of chalk (lime) or dolomite flour. This solution is treated with 1 square. m. soil.	The introduction of lime milk implements 2 tasks: enriches the soil with potassium and calcium, without which it is impossible to get bright flowering; allows you to adjust the acidity of the soil: clematis do not tolerate an acidic environment. After liming, the soil is mulched
3	1.5-2 weeks after the second feeding	Any complex fertilizer, for example, Kemira station wagon, 1 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water	-
4	During the budding period	Superphosphate, potassium nitrate 1 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water	Phosphorus and potassium are essential for bud formation. With their lack, few flowers are formed. The pedicels of some of them darken, the buds go down and do not always open.

In summer, clematis is not fed. This shortens the flowering time!

Foliar spring feeding

Clematis respond well to holding foliar dressings.In the spring they are carried out twice:

• with the growth of shoots, during the 1st feeding, young shoots are irrigated with a weak (1 teaspoon per 10 l of water) solution of urea;
• at the end of spring, during the formation of buds - using the preparations "Master", "Avkarin", "Flower mortar".

Clematis will definitely respond to spring chores and will delight with their flowering all season.

Clematis, like any other flower, must be fed for good and lush flowering. Then it will fully develop and give you its amazingly beautiful flowers that will decorate your fence, wall or gazebo. It all depends on what you planted this amazing plant next to. After all, it is for this that clematis is grown, so that it will further decorate the structure that serves as its support. And now, let's directly figure out which types of fertilizer are suitable for clematis. What can you feed him, and what does he not like.

We feed clematis. What and how should it be done?

For all the time of its growing season, clematis is usually fed 4 times. In the spring, when your clematis just wake up, you already need to think about top dressing. They do this not immediately, but only at the end of spring. You need to feed with urea (here is a good article about this fertilizer). You will need to take just a tablespoon of this fertilizer, and add mullein to it (it should already be in liquid form, 1 liter). Both of these components are diluted in an ordinary, 10-liter bucket of water.

The second time you will need to do top dressing when the clematis has not yet bloomed, but is already about to do it. We again calculate for a bucket of water. Agricola-7 is already bred in it (a tablespoon of this drug) and plus potassium sulfate (taken in the same amount).

When your clematis has successfully faded, you again need to feed it. The same 10 liters of water, but we already dilute any of these 2 fertilizers in them: again Agricola-7, or, it can be replaced with Flower.

And the final dressing, at number 4, will be necessary for clematis already when its growth comes to an end. The same amount of water is taken, the preparations will be somewhat different. We already take “Agricola for flowering plants” (here the quantity is 2 tablespoons), plus potassium sulfate and superphosphate to this preparation (both of them are in a tablespoon).

As for the consumption of fertilizers. At all stages of feeding it is not more than 10 liters. So much to pour on each clematis bush.

Preparing clematis for winter. How to do it?

In order for clematis to successfully overwinter, it must be properly prepared for this. You need to start with pruning, during which you will need to seriously shorten the shoots and leave them only 20 centimeters in length. Roots must be covered. This can be done with humus or dry peat. The plant itself is covered with a box on top. And then from above they are still covered with additional sawdust. A film is laid on top of the sawdust, but at the same time it is necessary to make a hole in it so that the clematis simply does not suffocate there and suffocate.

In severe frosts, clematis can suffer even under such shelter. It happens that clematis catches a little frost. In this case, it recovers quite quickly, but the flowering will no longer be so lush.

And here is another useful video on the same topic. We look.

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Initially, clematis (also called clematis) began to be cultivated in Japan, then in Western Europe, after which, because of their beauty, they spread throughout the northern hemisphere. On the this moment exists more than 370 varieties and varieties which are registered by the Horticultural Society of Great Britain.

Varieties are divided into simple, terry, semi-double. The former have one row of petals, the latter have two or three circles, and the third have more than three. There are bicolor varieties in which the outer sepals differ in color and shape from the inner ones. Varieties are divided into large and small. In large clematis sepal diameter up to 15 cm, in small ones - up to 5 cm.

In the process of growth, the species forms a liana, which can reach a height of 3 m. They are often decorated with arches or mesh fences.

Lianas need to be propagated by layering, since when seed propagation they do not retain varietal characteristics and quickly degenerate. Prefer acidic soils, at which the pH can drop to 4.0. For some varieties, neutral or alkaline soils are preferred - this must be clarified when buying seedlings.

Feeding and caring for clematis in summer

In summer, clematis, like other plants, requires the whole range of nutrients: nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. Nitrogen contributes to the set of green mass, potassium is responsible for abundant flowering, and phosphorus supports the root system and is responsible for plant immunity. Suitable for feeding clematis in the summer as organic substances - manure, ash, phosphorite or bone meal, green fertilizers, and mineral - urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate.

Particular attention should be paid to the choice of landing site. This place should not be dry, because with a lack of water, the flowers will be small. Watering required 3 times a week hot weather- held in the evening, while the leaves are also irrigated with water.

Fertilizers for clematis are applied after abundant watering in liquid form. Top dressing of clematis for abundant flowering should be carried out at the stage of bud formation. This will strengthen the plant and make it possible to accumulate nutrients for the entire flowering period.

What to feed young clematis:

• At the time of landing- rotted manure in the hole and superphosphate for the roots.

• After two months watering with green manure.

• Top dressing clematis in August-September superphosphate before wintering.

Video: What you need for abundant flowering of clematis

How to feed old clematis in summer:

• in the spring, when the snow begins to melt, pour a handful of urea or ammonium nitrate around the roots.

• In 3 weeks water with a solution of complete mineral fertilizer.

• 2 more weeks later- a solution of manure or chicken manure.

• During flowering- potassium sulfate under the root.

• Towards the end of summer- potassium and phosphorus.

• After flowering clematis feed potassium- phosphate fertilizer.

So that nematodes do not start in the roots, wormwood, marigolds or calendula are planted around clematis

Preparing for winter and pruning vines

How to feed clematis in the fall, so as not to cause green growth - there are two options:

• furnace ash containing potassium and phosphorus- everything you need for roots and budding for the next year;

• bone flour- a long-playing source of calcium and phosphorus, after which 3 years you can not make phosphorus nutrition with mineral potassium.

Fertilizers for clematis are applied dry in autumn, since the plant will not actively accumulate nutrients in winter. By spring, soil microorganisms will process minerals and in spring they will be available to plants.

The more important event is pruning. You need to know which variety flowers grow on last year's shoots, and which ones grow on young growths.

If flower stalks are formed on young shoots, then such a plant is completely cut off for the winter, leaving 2-3 internodes, which are covered with a layer of insulation. In order to prevent the mulch from being blown away by the wind, you can put it on top wooden box. If flowering begins on old shoots, then you need to leave a height of about 1.5 m, cut the rest.

All types of clematis need to be covered for the winter, as they are afraid of frost, and the quality of flowering will depend on the safety of the shoots. After pruning, the branches are laid on the soil, pressed with staples and covered with mulch - sawdust, leaves. In especially cold regions, covering material is used for gardeners.

Carefully! In the spring, it is important to open the vines in time so that they do not evaporate under the mulch or covering cloth. Due to untimely ventilation, many plants reduce flowering characteristics or begin to get sick with a fungus.

It is better to propagate clematis in winter. To do this, dig a groove from the mother bush, sprinkle with phosphorus fertilizer. One shoot is dug in and mulched.

Over the winter root system has time to germinate and in the spring will give new shoots up. After that, you can cut off the young seedling from the main bush. The plant does not tolerate transplantation well, therefore it is transplanted as soon as possible immediately on permanent place. The distance between the bushes should be at least 2 meters so that they do not compete with each other for nutrients.