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A beauty blooming in winter is cyclomenia. Flower: care and features of growing at home

Cyclomenia (otherwise cyclamen) is a perennial plant that belongs to the myrsinaceae family and grows in the wild in warm climates in North Africa and the Mediterranean regions. At the end of the 19th century, breeders bred a large number of various garden and indoor varieties cyclomenia.

You can recognize this interesting ornamental plant by its rounded tuberous bulb, green, silver-patterned, heart-shaped leaves with long petioles, and beautiful bright flowers shaped like butterflies. There is a wide variety of colors of cyclomenia buds. They can be red, pale pink, white and even purple. Interestingly, for about 8 months a year, the plant "sleeps", dropping all the leaves and stopping blooming. The popularity of this indoor plant is increasing every year, because, unlike most other flowers, its beautiful flowers pleases in winter time year of the cyclomene. A flower under favorable conditions will bloom long time from October-November to March. In this article, we will look at how cyclomenia is grown. A flower, the care of which is not difficult, will grow and bloom for many years.

If you are just planning to buy cyclomenia, first study the features of its cultivation. In a flower shop, you should choose a copy with a heavy and not wrinkled tuber, on which there must be buds.

Cyclomenia (flower). Exotic plant care: soil, lighting, humidity, temperature

Loose light soil is suitable for this plant. You can purchase a special potting mix from a flower shop or make your own. To make a substrate at home, you will need sandy soil, leafy humus and peat, all ingredients are taken in equal parts. At the bottom of the pot, 1.5 cm of drainage must be placed, which will serve as an excellent dry bark and foam. Important: Cyclomenia tuber is not completely buried in the substrate. It is only deepened by two-thirds. The plant prefers small containers with low sides; in a large container, the tuber can rot and die.

Cyclomenia - demanding in terms of temperature conditions plant. It is very important for him to maintain a temperature between 10°C and 15°C during the flowering period. The cool content of the plant is the key to its active and long flowering. In addition to temperature, the amount of light is important for him. The plant loves diffused light, but not direct sunlight, so a terrace can be an ideal place to keep it. Direct sunlight on the leaves of the plant is allowed only in winter. With the right content in a cool (not more than 15 ° C) bright place, the plant does not need additional spraying and calmly tolerates the existing air humidity. On hot summer days, you can additionally moisten the leaves of the plant from a spray bottle. From autumn, all spraying is stopped to prevent tuber rot.

Cyclomenia is a flower, the care of which consists in choosing the right watering regimen. One of the basic rules is regular watering with cool water. It must be carried out correctly: water must be poured into the pan or into the edges of the pot. Experienced flower growers try not to get water on the tuber growth zone, the top of the stem, and buds. When watering the earth, it is impossible to overmoisten, otherwise cyclomenia can easily die. The flower (the photo below shows the correct method of watering) is very capricious, so pay extra attention to it.

The moisture regime should take into account that the plant requires a new portion of the liquid only as it dries. upper layers substrate. The cyclomenia plant prefers only soft, settled water.

Flower: care after dropping leaves and buds

After flowering, watering the plant is gradually reduced, making it more rare. When the leaves are completely dry (June-July), the cyclomenia pot is placed in a cool place on its side. Two months later, the plant will release the first sprouts, after which they are transplanted into a new container with a fresh substrate. During transshipment, bad roots are removed and the tuber is placed in new soil, deepening it by two-thirds of its height.

Spring and summer delight with their colors, because nature blooms and smells, but we all miss these bright colors in autumn and winter. Beautiful plants come to the rescue, which can now be bought in many stores. Among them is one of the most beautiful flowers, with which many legends are associated, it pleases us precisely when all the colors around are gray and dull. Today we will tell you about cyclomenia, the flower whose photo you see above. Home care after purchase, growing with your own hands and more - all this is the topic of our today's article.

Now it is no longer possible to find out exactly where it comes from and when cyclomenia was discovered, since there are references to it in myths and legends. different peoples peace. We will tell you some of the attachments and the estimated dates of the appearance of flowers. So, one of the legends says that cyclomenia was associated with the ancient goddess of the moon. The flower could protect from evil spells, lunar magic. In ancient original Rome, the plant was used as a saving amulet, and many peoples also used cilomenia to treat many ailments. For women, the flower was an assistant in childbirth, it was also always used for inflammatory processes, skin problems.

Another giving says the following - King Solomon built a temple, after which he decided to decorate his head with a new crown, yes, he just did not know how it should look. Not one craftsman was able to surprise the wise ruler, and he, upset, went for a walk. Many flowers caught the eye of the king, but they all seemed haughty to him. Until the ruler noticed a pink cyclamen (cyclomenia) in a secluded corner, he became the inspiration for creating a crown in the form of this plant.

In a word, a flower on our planet has been known for thousands of years, it was honored and appreciated simple people, kings. It is believed that more modern history has notes of cyclomenia from 1650. The plant from that period won the hearts of Europe, became favorites in the USA, Canada. It is believed that cyclamen comes from the Middle Eastern countries, which is why it is very thermophilic. But let's move on to further acquaintance.

On a note!

Despite the fact that cyclamen is a very light-loving flower, it is rather calm about cool temperatures.

Varietal assortment

In nature, there are many different types cyclamen. But we can meet only two, besides one species is more rare.

European cyclamen - rarely seen. Originally from Europe (center and south). Has a delicate flower fragrance small size, often pink shade. Flowering continues from spring to autumn.
Persian Cyclomenia. It is this species that pleases us from autumn to spring with its butterfly flowers. Their shades may be different. The plant is decorative not only due to the inflorescences, but also due to the beautiful leaves with a pattern. Flowers rise proudly above the surface root system- tuber. One inflorescence lives a little over a week, but in general, more than 100 of them will bloom in a season.

Each species has its own varieties. They are divided into low - stalk up to 15 cm, medium-sized - up to 20 cm, standard - up to 30 cm. The most common on window sills in our climate:

"Scarlet Moth" - red, easy to take root, very beautiful;
"Spring Moth" - delicate flowers lavender shade;
"Charlie" - snow-white, like a bride's dress;
"Sylph" - high decorative effect due to color pink with white stripes;
"Flamingo" - very aesthetic, really looks like a legendary bird;
"Topaz" - carmine inflorescences;
"Elf" - purple babies.

All these flowers are very beautiful, you may have bought or given one of them, but be prepared that the first care of the cyclomenia flower will be in the form of a transplant immediately after purchase. Next, find out why.

Post-Purchase Care

Watering

We have already said that cyclamen is a tuberous plant, just like bulbous plants, it does not tolerate excess moisture. Watering is carried out as the soil dries out, but not only on the surface, but approximately to the middle. Drainage is required, it is better to take warm and settled water. In the period after flowering, watering is more rare, but do not allow the soil to begin to lag behind the walls. Water is not poured strictly on leaves and flowers, it is impossible for them to lie on the surface of the earth. Pour along the edges of the pot. After 30 minutes, be sure to drain the remains from the pan.

You can apply another method - pour water into the basin, let stand for a day, and then immerse the pot for 15-20 minutes. This method is often used for watering orchids. Flowers take as much as needed. But always make sure that the soil is not very wet, loosen very carefully.

On a note!

If the tuber is poured, it will quickly rot, but if the root is a little dry, then it is quite possible to save it by watering.

top dressing

Although cyclamen loves fertilizers, but still experienced growers it is advised not to overfeed the flowers - they will give thick greens, but will not bloom. It is for this reason that fertilizing with a nitrogen content is excluded. During hibernation, that is, from spring to summer, cyclamens can, in general, not be flavored, or this can be done extremely rarely - once every 1-2 months.

It is optimal to feed flowers 1-2 times a month with complex preparations with a low nitrogen content, but with potassium, phosphorus and calcium. You can use: "Kemira-Lux", "Tsvetovit", "Ferovit", "Ideal", "Pokon", according to the instructions. Also, experienced gardeners often use folk supplements once a month - 3 tablespoons of ash are dissolved in a liter of water and watered. You can close up the ashes immediately into the ground, this is a very good top dressing containing phosphorus, potassium, calcium and other substances. You can also grind eggshells in a blender and sprinkle on the soil.

Often, for cyclamen, fertilizers are bred at a slightly lower concentration than what is written in the instructions, or they combine top dressing and watering. This technique definitely does not injure the roots. It is also important to note that after planting do not fertilize for a month.

Transfer

We have already mentioned above that after buying a cyclomenia flower, not only care is important, but also timely transplantation. There are a number of reasons for this.

These are the main reasons to transplant all purchased flowers immediately after planting. Everything is done quite simply.

The flower is removed from the plastic pot.
The old soil is completely carefully removed from the tuber.
An examination is carried out for the presence of rot - if there are lesions, then they are cut off, the wounds are sprinkled with crushed activated carbon.
Transplanted into new ground- leaf earth, humus, sand, all in approximately equal parts and any complex fertilizer according to the instructions. You can buy ready-made universal soil - it is ideal.
The new pot should be larger, treated with a manganese solution along with the soil.
The tuber is deepened so that a third of it is on the surface.
It pours over the wall.

After the pot is placed on the window, where there will be good lighting, but not direct sunlight. The room can be from 16 to 25 degrees.

Growing from seed

You can buy cyclamen in the store, but it often happens that the flower survives only 50% of the time, or you can grow it yourself from seeds. The process is simple but lengthy.

Favorable time for sowing

The process of growing cyclamen is quite long, only by about six months the flower becomes similar to mature plant view. Before that, they don't even feed him. Cyclamen blooms in about 10-12 months. Dates, of course, can be shifted, as care is different, as well as conditions. Since these flowers are autumn and winter in terms of flowering, it is better to sow in the fall - from October to November.

Cyclamen seeds from a good producer germinate up to 80%. If possible, it is better to collect them manually with home flower or buy packages no older than two years.

Container and soil preparation

You can plant seeds directly in individual cups or a common tray. In the first case, you do not have to pick at the age of 3-4 sheets. The soil must be loose, non-acidic and sterile. Can be used purchased soil for flowering, very much praise the soil from "Terra Vita".

You can make your own - leafy soil, peat, sand and humus. But, most importantly, any land should be spilled with boiling water with manganese 2 weeks before sowing, and holes for drainage should be made in containers and expanded clay should be laid out.

Seed preparation

Seeds must be dried before planting, after which they are soaked for a day before sowing. warm water with the stimulator "Epin". Some gardeners soak them on wet cotton pads. You can also soak the seeds for 30 minutes in a manganese solution for disinfection.

Sowing for seedlings

We continue our conversation on the topic of the cyclomenia flower, look at the photos, and talk about home care. Now it's time to sow the seeds.

Everything is simple here - they are laid out on the ground and slightly deepened by 1-2 cm. After that, they are moistened from above with settled or melted water from a pipette or spray gun. It is not necessary to cover the pots with foil.

If you keep the crops at a temperature of 15-18 degrees, then the seeds will germinate in 3-4 weeks, but if it is very warm at home, the process will take up to two months.

Seedling Care

Sprouts will appear in a month in coolness, now they are placed on a sunny window. Watering is carried out with a pipette under the base. If the skin is on the cotyledon for a long time, then it is better not to touch it, since many gardeners simply break it in an attempt to free the sprout. All the same, cyclamen will grow with it. The first three months the process is very slow, but do not despair - at this time the tuber grows. The main thing is light and watering. It is not necessary to apply fertilizer.

Transplanting into a separate pot

Dive seedlings in three months. But only from six months they begin to fertilize - once every 2-3 weeks, as mentioned above. By now, the flowers should already have nice green leaves. Pots for permanent residence, you can choose plastic or ceramics. They should not be too large, it is better to replant the flower every year after changing the soil and controlling the condition of the tuber. The soil is used either for flowering - purchased, or again earth, peat, sand. A flower is transplanted annually in the summer, when it begins to wake up after a rest.

After picking into a permanent container, make sure that the tuber is not covered up - this is an important condition. Also, there should be no direct sunlight.

Reproduction method

We think you could already understand that there are two ways to propagate a flower - by seeds that form in boxes after flowering. They are collected and dried. Or they buy or separate part of the tuber during transplantation. The place of the cut is sprinkled with coal, the tuber should contain a kidney and some roots. Then everything is done as described above.

Some gardeners use the leaves for propagation, but the result is usually disappointing.

So, you have learned about the care, reproduction of the cyclomenia flower, let's move on.

Diseases and pests

In general, cyclamen has good immunity, but it gets sick most often when improper care and the bay. Ailments can be different, but rot is the most common. The leaves may also be affected by the fungus.

They fight rot by digging and removing foci, processing in a solution of manganese. Also, the tubers can be sprayed with a Bordeaux mixture, Gliocladin.

The leaves are treated with soapy water, Topaz and Bordeaux mixture. You also need to disinfect the new soil.

Harm flowers - aphids, slugs, thrips, mites. Remove with the help of insecticides "Fitoferm", "Neoron", "Karbofos". You can spray with an infusion of cinnamon and pepper. You can also wipe the leaves with a cotton swab dipped in a solution. laundry soap. Sprinkle ash, tobacco dust on the soil, lay out the onion peel.

Prevention

Prevention is always important - it saves from diseases. You can spray the soil with a solution of manganese, soap, infusions of onions, garlic, ash. Every year during transplantation, even healthy roots are best checked and processed anyway.

Note!

Always remove those leaves that lie on the ground, dry, as well as flowers. After flowering, reduce watering, you can put the flower in the basement for hibernation.

This is the dormant time, it occurs in spring and summer, when parasites are activated. Do not take flowers outside, as they are immediately attacked by slugs and aphids.

Cyclomenia is a flower, the care of which at home is quite acceptable and affordable for any grower, even a beginner. The main thing is to create conditions as close as possible to the natural habitat of an exotic plant. Thanks for caring indoor flower Cyclamen will delight with long and lush flowering.

In total, there are about 20 varieties of the flower. Persian cyclamen is less whimsical and most adapted to home conditions. In the people, the flower is often called dryak or alpine violet. Cyclamen - perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the oldest and widespread family of flowering plants - primroses. The homeland of the species is Asia Minor, the Mediterranean and Greece. AT wild nature prefers to grow in foothill areas, mainly in clearings and edges.

Shortened shoots (tubers) of the flower are rounded and can reach 15 cm in diameter. According to the type of growth, cyclomenias are plants that have one point of growth. Its height depends on the variety and varies up to 10-25 cm. Distinctive feature The structure of the popular home flower is the absence of stems. Its leaves are heart-shaped, green in color with a silvery pattern. They are located on long maroon petioles. Cyclamen blooms in winter until spring. unusual beautiful flowers sit on a high peduncle, resembling fluttering butterflies. Flower growers love it for a wide variety of colors and long flowering. The most common are pink, purple, red and white flowers. Meet in room culture and hybrids with terry petals.

Cyclomen

Many experienced flower growers use cyclamen mix to decorate the interior. Such a mixture, consisting of several plants of this species, looks quite impressive in any room.

How to care for cyclamen, so that in gratitude for the careful attitude, he would please with lush and long flowering? To achieve the desired result, it is enough to follow a few simple rules their cultivation.

Cyclamen belongs to light-loving plants. The first thing to start with is to find appropriate place for its content. However, you need to remember that the flower needs bright lighting, but from a direct hit ultraviolet rays it must be shaded, since direct sunlight is detrimental to it. It is better to place a flower pot near the east or west window.

An exotic flower is demanding in terms of temperature conditions. He likes coolness and does not tolerate high temperatures. The most suitable temperature for it in winter period it is considered + 16 ... + 18 ° С. In summer, you need to maintain the air temperature at + 20 ... + 25 ° С. When growing alpine violet, it is worth considering the fact that it is very sensitive to temperature fluctuations and drafts.

Cyclomen at home

One of the most important aspects of proper cyclamen care is watering. When moisturizing a plant, you need to find a middle ground, since it is equally bad for it, both excess water in the soil and its dryness. During the period of vegetative growth, cyclamen should be regularly watered with settled water. room temperature. After it blooms, watering should be gradually reduced. During the dormant period, which lasts for Persian cyclamen almost all summer, water the plant as the topsoil dries.

Watering the plant is best done from below, pouring water into the pan. Thanks to this method, only the lower layer of the earth is moistened, which is extremely important for cyclamen, because water entering the base of the tuber can provoke a serious fungal disease - gray rot.

It is desirable to maintain air humidity not by spraying, but to place a container with wet peat, water or moistened pebbles near the plant. It is especially important to carry out this procedure during heating season when hot batteries strongly dry the air in the room.

Important care factors - soil and light

An important condition active growth and flowering of alpine violets is the right soil. You can use ready-made universal primer for flowering plants. It is recommended to add coarse sand, perlite and small pebbles (pebbles, gravel) to the purchased substrate. The best potting soil for a houseplant is your own. This will require leafy soil, sand and humus in a ratio of 2: 1: 1. Humus can be replaced with perlite. Peat should not be added to the composition of the soil, as it tends to increase acidity. Such a substrate negatively affects the development of cyclamen. For drainage, you can use expanded clay, foam, pebbles.

Proper care behind cyclamen implies periodic fertilization. To feed it, it is recommended to use balanced and potash fertilizers. Feeding is enough to produce 2 times a month, as excessive activity can have negative impact on a plant. Do not get too carried away with nitrogenous fertilizers, since an excess of this element slows down and significantly reduces the intensity of cyclamen flowering. At the onset of the active phase, when it blooms most of flower stalks, the number of dressings must be reduced. When the plant is at rest, there is no need to add fertilizer. It is important to know that active elements for flower nutrition are not introduced into dry soil. Before watering cyclamen with a solution of fertilizers, it is imperative to pour it with settled water. Do not feed recently transplanted, diseased or weakened plants.

Cyclamen transplant

Transplanting any plant is always stressful for him. Therefore, in no case should cyclamen be transplanted during flowering. The fact is that during this period the flower is weakened, since all the nutrients of the plant go to maintain the buds. Usually flowers are transplanted once a year. It is best to do this after a dormant period, as soon as the first leaves appear. The first transplant can be done after flowering ends. It is advisable to pre-disinfect the soil mixture before planting alpine violets. To do this, it is calcined or treated with a slightly diluted solution of potassium permanganate. When transplanted, the tuber of the Persian cyclamen is only half buried in the ground. The choice of pot is also important. It is necessary to take into account the fact that cyclamens do not feel comfortable in large pots, so they must be selected taking into account the size of the tuber.

Features reproduction of cyclamen

Propagating an amazing plant at home is quite difficult. There are 2 ways: by seeds and by dividing the tubers. The most common method of reproduction is seed. This allows you to grow a healthy and home-adapted plant. Seeds can be used both store-bought and self-collected. To obtain high-quality seeds, it is advisable to use artificial pollination. Before planting, it is advisable to soak the ripened seeds in a growth stimulator (Epin, Zircon, Kornevin, etc.). The container must be covered with glass or film. It must be kept in a room with a temperature of + 18 ... + 20 ° С. The substrate with seeds must be periodically moistened and ventilated.

shoots of cyclomen

Seedlings should appear within a month. From this point on, the container must be rearranged in a well-lit place, but without direct sunlight. The best moment for picking into a separate pot is the appearance of 2-3 leaves.

As for the division of the tuber, then this method is not only laborious and undesirable for the plant, but also requires special knowledge.

Pests and diseases of cyclomen

With proper care, cyclamens can be classified as relatively hardy indoor plants. Various diseases may occur due to excessive humidity or dryness of the air in the room, as well as inappropriate temperature of their content. Very often, the development of the disease is promoted by waterlogging or compaction of the soil, which prevents drainage. Too much, like too little nutrients leads to disruption of biochemical processes in the flower. Another important factor successful cultivation Alpine violet is the presence of a high-quality substrate. Improperly selected or contaminated soil is the cause of many diseases. Flowers are most susceptible fungal disease- anthracnose (copperwort), as well as wet and gray rot.

In nature, there are many pests that can harm cyclamen. The most dangerous and common are thrips, cyclomenic and spider mite, aphid. You can get rid of these pests by removing the affected shoots and using insecticides (Neoron, Fitoverm). Many flower growers spray diseased plants with folk remedies. The most popular and effective are soap solution and garlic infusion.

The care and reproduction of a cyclomenia flower is not particularly difficult if you know some of the nuances. With proper care, an exotic plant will be strong and strong. beautiful bloom cyclamen fascinates and it is in the power of the owner to make this period more frequent and longer.

Basic requirements for growing cyclamen

Unlike most plants, cyclamen is not picky about heat; temperatures from 13 to 16 degrees Celsius are enough for it. The flower will grow well on the western or eastern windows in the summer and on the south in the winter. Cyclamen likes bright lighting, so it is better to place it near light sources. The plant does not tolerate neighborhood with heating appliances: stoves, fireplaces, batteries.

The flower loves moisture, but does not tolerate spraying from a spray bottle. Cyclomenia can be placed on a tray of wet sand or close to a dish filled with water. Also, an exotic plant will like household air humidifiers. But, despite the love of water, cyclamen does not like excessive watering.

After the plant has faded, take it to a dark place. Watering during this period is recommended to be reduced so as to prevent complete drying of the soil.

Care for cyclamen at home

Caring for cyclamen is simple, it is perfect for growing in a city apartment. The watering regime is important for the plant, it loves humidity, but it should not be excessive. Do not allow water to get on the leaves or rhizome, this can lead to flower disease.

For a young cyclamen, a pot with a diameter of up to 8 centimeters is well suited, for a mature one - up to 15. Feed the flower with fertilizer every 2-3 weeks during the entire growing season.

Soil and fertilizer for the flower

The ideal soil for cyclamen will be a loose substrate rich in organic matter.

For these purposes, you can use:

peat;
humus;
sod land;
straw cutting;
leaf ground;
sawdust.

The acidity of the soil must be maintained within the range of 5.6-6.5 pH. The substrate must be fresh and airy. Before planting cyclomenia, it is better to disinfect the ground.

For normal growth and long flowering, fertilizers must be applied to the soil every 2-3 weeks. Nitrogen compounds should be used sparingly. It is best to use mineral or organic fertilizers. In cases of weakness and yellowing of the leaves, iron chelate can be used. Many owners recommend feeding cyclomenia complex fertilizer for indoor plants.

Watering cyclamen

Cyclamen likes high humidity, but does not tolerate excess water in a pot.

The best watering methods are:

moistening the soil along the edges of the pot;
liquid supply through the pallet;
watering near the root of the plant.

Do not allow moisture to get on the tuber or shoots. The water temperature should be slightly below room temperature. If there is too much moisture, then it is in without fail drained from the pan to prevent root rot. In the warm season, I water cyclamen in the evening, and in winter and late autumn- in the morning.

Moisturizing the soil is carried out only after the earth ball has dried up. During the dormant period, watering is reduced to a minimum level. It is possible to spray a flower from a spray gun only in the hot season, in other periods such actions are unacceptable.

Lighting and air humidity

Cyclamen is demanding on the level of lighting and its position in the apartment. If you put it in a darkened room, then flowering will be short-lived and scarce. But you can’t leave it in direct sunlight, as the leaves can get burned. Bright but diffused lighting is ideal.

In winter, place the cyclamen on the southern windows and make sure that the plant is illuminated as much as possible. During this period, direct sunlight is not so dangerous for the flower and you can not worry about them. In the summer, cyclomenia is transferred to the western or eastern windows. It is necessary to achieve bright lighting, but avoid sunlight on the leaves and shoots.

Humidity for cyclamen must be maintained at a stable high level. Avoid excess water in the soil, but don't overdo the flower.

Features of reproduction of cyclamen

Depending on the type of cyclamen, the methods of its reproduction also differ.

At home, division methods are used:

leaves;
daughter tubers;
sockets;
seeds;
division of tubers.

It is impossible to get daughter plants from the Persian cyclamen, so this method of propagation with it is not available. In this case, the tuber division method can be used: it is planted in loose soil so that 1/3 of the tuber remains in the open air. This method is difficult due to the high probability of plant rotting. Rosettes Persian cyclamen reproduces poorly, as they take root very poorly.

European cyclamen is best propagated by daughter tubers that grow next to the main one. When planting, they are completely buried in soft soil. The division of the tuber is very risky, since many plants die from decay with this method. With valuable species, this method is not applicable. European cyclamen reproduces well with rosettes, but getting a new plant from leaves is difficult and rarely successful.

Transplant at home

Cyclomenia transplantation begins with the selection of a suitable pot. It should not be too large to prevent excessive soil moisture. If the pot is almost completely filled with the roots of the plant and there is no earthen ball, then the transplant should be started as soon as possible.

To move to another pot, cyclamen must enter a dormant phase; during the flowering period, such actions should be avoided. A transplant will not have a sharp negative effect on the plant if the existing earthen ball with roots does not collapse. Place the cyclomenia with soil in a new pot and sprinkle. It is desirable to pre-treat the roots with "Kornevit" or a similar agent. When transplanting, do not bury the plant, this will adversely affect its health. Top part tuber should protrude slightly above the level of the soil layer. When the transplant is over, the cyclomenia is placed in a bright, cool room and watered.

Pests and diseases of cyclamen

Cyclamen is disease resistant with proper care, but is sometimes susceptible to:

non-infectious rot of tubers;
bronze leaf virus;
circular mosaic virus;
anthracnose;
root rot;
fusarium wilt;
gray rot;
brown rot.

For prevention, drugs are used, the frequency of watering is reduced, diseased leaves are removed. If cyclamen is planted deep, then this can also increase the likelihood of morbidity.

Pests that most often affect the plant:

multi-claw mites;
larvae of fungal mosquitoes;
bevel weevil;
spider mite;

For prevention, medicinal preparations, thinning of plantings, and destruction of diseased shoots are used.

Reasons why alpine violet leaves turn yellow

Cyclomenia leaves turn yellow most often due to care errors. This is usually due to excessive or, conversely, excessively rare watering. Another reason may be a sudden change in temperature or the wrong fertilizer. Direct sunlight is also detrimental to the flower. However, if the leaves turn yellow before the dormant stage, then do not worry, this is normal.

The decorative flower of cyclomenia, the care of which has its own nuances, is considered one of the most beautiful home crops. It captivates with charming original corollas, the color range of which is huge - from all shades of pink to dark crimson, purple, burgundy. Cyclomenia blooms for a long time from autumn to spring with proper care.

Cyclomenia flower - how to care?

Indoor cyclomenia is an unpretentious flower; home care for it requires compliance with a few norms - proper placement, watering, fertilizing, transplanting. The culture is photophilous, but does not tolerate direct sun. Rather put the pot in partial shade on the western or eastern side of the house. An important condition for the care of a cyclomenia flower is the content:

in winter at a temperature of + 13-16 ° С;
in summer - at + 18-25 ° С.

Cyclomenia flower - care, watering

Indoor cyclomenia, like an orchid, is easier to tolerate drying out of the soil than waterlogging. From excess water, the foliage of the flower turns yellow, and the roots rot. Cyclomenia flower - proper watering:

During budding, the plant is watered with moderately settled water, without bringing the clod of earth to overmoistening and overdrying.
The liquid is poured onto the edge of the pot so as not to get into the core of the bush - otherwise the tuber may rot.
After 1-2 hours, excess water from the saucer must be drained.
It is more correct to water cyclomenia from below, placing the flowerpot in a vessel with warm water for 15 minutes.
After flowering, watering is gradually limited. By the middle of summer, when the leaves are all dry and the tubers remain bare, they rarely moisten at all.

Cyclomenia flower - care, transplant

At the end of summer or autumn, when heart-shaped leaves begin to hatch from the tuber, the culture is moved to a new pot. The procedure is necessary when the root has completely filled the old vessel, it is advised to do it every 2 years. Cyclomenia flower - competent transplant:

The copy is relocated to a wide, low container.
Suitable new substrate: a mixture of 1 share of peat, sand, humus with 3 shares of leafy soil.
High-quality drainage is built at the bottom of the vessel.
In the process of transplanting, it is necessary to cut out rotten roots, do not spoil the rest.
When transplanting, it is important to consider the variety of cyclomenia. The European species is buried completely in the ground, while its Persian counterpart cannot be immersed to the top of the root. One third or even half of the tuber should look out above the soil plane.
After planting, abundant watering is prohibited - moisten the clod of earth only a little. The volume of water is increased gradually after the emergence of shoots.

Cyclomenia flower - care, reproduction

Indoor flower cyclomenia, which is cared for at home, is propagated by seeds or by dividing the bush. Child detachment of a tuber is the easiest option for obtaining a new specimen. For this method, flowers are suitable, on the roots of which there are several points of growth. The share of the tuber of the cyclomenia of the flower for reproduction is carefully cut off with a knife from the mother bush and placed in an individual pot.

Cyclomenia flower - planting seeds

With the seed method of breeding, you need to be patient. The seeds of the plant can germinate for several months, after which you still need to wait for the flowering of the culture. Sowing is done in August, after the end of the summer dormant stage of the plant. Cyclomenia flower - care, proper reproduction seeds:

To obtain seeds, you need to process the flowers with a brush repeatedly for pollination. Wilted corollas are not removed, they should dry naturally. Seeds are removed from the fruit box before it opens, and soaked in a Zircon solution for a day.
Seeds are laid out on the surface of a moistened substrate, consisting of equal parts of peat and leafy soil.
Seedlings sprinkle thin layer soil (1 cm) and cover with an opaque film (they do not need light).
The optimum temperature for germination is +20°C; if it drops below +18°C, the seeds may rot.
The seed container is ventilated, the soil moisture is controlled.
A month later, when the seedlings germinate, the shading is removed and placed in a lighted place, lowering the temperature to + 15-17 ° C.
When cyclamen seedlings form nodules with 2-3 leaves, they dive into separate pots and completely sprinkle with earth. A week later, the roots are fed with a solution of ammonium sulfate (2 g / l), after another 10 days - with potassium nitrate (1 g / l).
In April-May, the tubers are transplanted into permanent pots. They will bloom 13-15 months after sowing.

Cyclomenia flowers do not bloom

If cyclamen grows at home, and its buds do not bloom, it means that some recommendations for caring for the plant have not been taken into account. The most important for flowering:

Proper planting of the bulb. In order for cyclomenia to bloom, when transplanting a Persian variety, the tuber should not be completely buried in the soil - be sure to leave 1/3 on the surface. For other species, deep planting is allowed, but the Neapolitan tuber must be completely immersed in the ground.
After transplantation, cyclomenia is placed in a cool, bright place and watering is gradually increased.
At the stage of active growth of foliage, it is necessary to support the flower with mineral supplements, it is better - organic compounds. It is important to avoid a high nitrogen content - this can lead to root rot.

Cyclomenia flower - care after flowering

By the beginning of spring, the flowering of cyclamen comes to an end, the leaves turn yellow and fall off. This happens in April-May, at this stage the recharge of the flower is suspended and watering is gradually limited. Cyclamen after flowering - care:

Withered flowers and cyclamen leaves should be removed by unscrewing the peduncle completely from the tuber, otherwise the base of the peduncle may rot and lead to the death of the culture.
The tuber is stored in the ground in the summer, in a cool place, infrequently moistening the substrate.
In September, cyclamen comes to life, produces young leaves. At this time, you should replace the outer tier of the substrate or transplant the flower in general.
The pot must be soaked from below in water so that the soil is thoroughly wet. After the excess water is drained from the pot and regular watering and feeding are resumed. Soon the plant will give out again a bunch of buds.

Cyclomenia flower - leaves turn yellow

In cyclomenia, the foliage turns yellow after the vegetative stage, when it is preparing for dormancy. If this happens during the flowering of the plant, then the care of the crop must be improved. Yellowing of the foliage is often caused by excessive heat in the dwelling where the flowerpot is located, or excessive moisture. The hot temperature disrupts the vegetation cycle and brings the dormant stage closer. Cyclomenia flower, leaves turn yellow in winter - what needs to be done: provide the plant with the most significant conditions of detention:

Bright light without direct sunlight.
Cool window sill and watering with immersion only after the soil in the pot has dried slightly.

Cyclamen belongs to the Primulaceae family. In total, there are more than 20 varieties of such perennials having tuberous roots. Distributed in the Mediterranean, in Northeast Africa, Iran. In Turkey, it is often found in the wild.

Certain species have been planted for a long period, both in gardens and in apartment conditions. Two types of cyclamen are intended for indoor cultivation. Namely: Persian and European.

European cyclamen is called "alpine violet". Throughout the year, it feels great on the windowsills in the apartment, provided that the temperature is maintained at + 18 ... + 20 ° С. Not tied to a specific humidity mark. Blooms profusely from spring to autumn. Compared to Persian cyclamen, given plant found in flower shops infrequently. The latter refers to the parent species for many modern hybrids.

Its history dates back to the 16th century. At that time it was used by Europeans. He flaunted in botanical garden, which was owned by Queen Elizabeth I. Soon, cyclamen lost its demand, but after a few centuries, breeders began to work hard on its development, thanks to which today there is big number its hybrids and species. In nature, Persian cyclamen blooms from the beginning of winter to the end of spring. The flowering period depends on the region of its growth. Most often it has flowers of light pink color. Sometimes they are raspberry or cherry.

Today's cyclamens differ from wild varieties in the size of their flowers. Compared to their predecessors, they are larger. The color can be snow-white, pink, scarlet, dark purple. Hybrids with multi-colored and corrugated petals have gained immense popularity. AT last years in Europe there is a demand for mini-hybrids. They are small shrubs with large flowers. This type of cyclamen can be grown in garden conditions and in places where a cool climate reigns.

Modern floriculture, depending on the size of plants and flowers, classifies cyclamens into 3 groups.

Mini cyclamen. These include: "Silverheart", "Midori", "Janetto", "Libretto", "Silverado". Such plants differ in flowers of large sizes. As a rule, they exceed 4 cm. Fragrant cultivars can often be found in this group. Pots with a diameter of 6-10 cm are suitable for growing.

Midi cyclamens. These include: "Kanto", "Laser", "Sterling" and others. Have the average size sockets. Planted in pots with a diameter of 10-13 cm.

Maxi cyclamen(standard or large-flowered): Concerto, Rainier, Sierra, Winter Ice series. The size of the growing pots is 13-20 cm in diameter.

Cyclamen goes on sale in the first months of autumn. The plant is especially loved for the fact that it pleases with its long flowering in the winter. With the onset of spring, cyclamen ceases to bloom. He loses leaves, and here many flower growers make a mistake - they throw away the plant, because they think that it is gone. If you provide cyclamen with proper care, it will actively bloom for more than one year.

Care for cyclamen at home

Lighting

Cyclamens love the light, but the best place for their habitat - eastern and western windows. If the plant is located on the south side, it is important to protect it from direct sunlight. The room where cyclamen grows should be regularly ventilated.

Temperature

The temperature regime plays a significant role for successful cultivation cyclamen. best temperature in the cold season - 10-12°C. More high rate will cause it to shed its leaves and stop blooming. If the plant was grown in a greenhouse, the appropriate conditions must be created in the apartment. At home, it is not always possible to keep cyclamen cool. To facilitate acclimatization and extend the flowering period, you need to accustom cyclamen to a higher temperature in stages. It must be placed on a cold window and regularly ventilate the room.

Humidity

Cyclamen is a plant that loves high humidity. During the growth of the leaves, they need to be sprayed. As soon as cyclamen begins to bloom, such manipulations are not necessary. To increase the humidity indicator, you can create a water mist near the plant. You can also put it on a pallet with wet pebbles. In winter, cyclamen should be placed at a great distance from central heating batteries.