Where is the best place to plant marigolds? Marigold planting and care in the open field

Many flower growers like to grow marigolds - planting and care in the open field are not difficult. After all, these Americans are very undemanding and can grow in almost any conditions. These lush and bright Chernobrivtsy, this is how these flowers are called in Ukrainian, will bloom until the onset of frost.

Marigold

Small bushes with a strong and dense stem can even reach a height of a meter. Such varieties will look great in a single planting. Low-growing varieties can be perfectly placed on the balcony or in seedlings on the site. The height of the bush, depending on the variety, varies from 10 to 130 cm.

Straight branched stems are able to form a lush mini-bush that looks pretty in a flower bed. On one plant there can be several lush inflorescences that delight bright colors with early summer until late autumn. Seeds that have scattered on the ground can sprout on their own next year - they have a high similarity.

Known big number varieties of marigolds: annual and perennial, dwarf and giant, simple and terry. All of these varieties require similar growing conditions and planting characteristics.

Outdoor cultivation

You can grow flowers from seeds. Initially, they can be bought at a specialized store or taken from friends. Subsequently, for planting, it will be possible to use your own seed material collected in the fall.

Important: Most of hybrids when planting harvested seeds loses its features. As a result, you can get a flower that differs from the original.

Marigold breeding is done in two ways: by sowing seeds directly into prepared soil or seedling method. When choosing a growing method, the following factors must be considered:

• the climate of a particular area;
• night temperature;
• probability of spring frosts;
• preferred time of flowering bushes.

Having decided on the method of cultivation, proceed to sowing seeds.

Sowing directly into the soil

In this way, it is worth growing plants in the southern regions, where there is a low probability of night frosts. It is best to plant seeds in May, when the night temperature has settled from 7 degrees. When sowing seeds, it is important to consider the following features:

• soil preparation - it must be nutritious;
• seed preparation - seeds can be germinated before sowing;

Tip: To germinate the seeds, they need to be put in a damp cloth, wrapped in polyethylene and placed on a warm windowsill under the sun's rays for 2 to 3 days.

• sowing seeds - in small pits up to 5 cm deep or a shallow groove;
• planting scheme - it is necessary to leave a distance between future bushes that allows all plants to develop normally, it depends on the height of the future bush and its branching;
• sprinkling the holes with soil, they need to be shed with water;
• after the appearance of sprouts, it is necessary to immediately remove weak and diseased plants.

With this planting of seeds, it should be borne in mind that the first marigold flowers can only be observed a couple of months after sowing. For those who wish to see marigold flowers earlier, you will have to tinker with seedlings.

Planting seedlings

When sowing seeds for seedlings, the following features are taken into account:

• when sowing seeds in early spring, marigolds will bloom by early summer;
• nutrient soil is prepared for planting: for this, the same amount of humus, peat, sand, turf is mixed;
• drainage is laid at the bottom of the container - small pebbles or expanded clay - to prevent rotting of the sprouts;
• seeds are sown to a depth of about 3 cm at a distance of not less than 2 cm;
• similarly to the previous method, the seeds are sprinkled with soil, then watered, and then the container is placed on a warm windowsill;
• before transplanting, seedlings should be well lit and at the same time prevent direct sunlight from falling on it;
• on the permanent place sprouts are transported with the establishment favorable conditions- most often it is the middle or end of May.

Before planting seedlings in a permanent place, it is necessary to choose a site where marigolds will grow and prepare the soil.

• Place

Since marigolds are unpretentious, they can grow almost anywhere. But it should be remembered that beautiful bush, which has several large and bright flowers, can be obtained when the plant is well lit. Do not plant this flower in the shade on too moist soil. You can plant it in a flower bed or in a pot.

Important: When marigolds grow next to vegetable beds they repel harmful insects.

• The soil

Beautiful flowers grow on light nutrient soil. The soil needs to be loose and well drained. After digging the soil to a depth of about 30 cm, it is necessary to make a complex mineral supplement and thoroughly mix it with the soil. It is important that the soil contains humus, sand, peat and sod.

Transplanting

Seedlings should be planted in a permanent location after the threat of frost has passed by the end of spring. Correct fit includes the following rules:

• The seedling is deepened into the hole by 2 - 3 cm, so the hole is made about a centimeter deeper;
• The distance between the holes should be 20 cm (for dwarf varieties) or 40 cm (for tall bushes), 30 cm are left between low bushes;
• To prevent stagnation of water at the roots, a small layer of drainage should be placed on the bottom of the hole;
• Carefully placing the seedling in the hole, sprinkle it with earth;
• Organize optimal care.

flower care

Since marigolds are very unpretentious, their care is quite simple and easy. Even the most inexperienced summer resident can cope with the cultivation of marigolds. Caring for these flowers includes the following points:

• Watering

Should be moderate, on constant. Especially carefully it is necessary to moisten the soil when the plant is actively growing and developing. After all, it is at this time that the flower needs water. When the marigolds begin to bloom, you will need to water less often. Indeed, at this time, the likelihood of stagnation of water at the roots increases, which can lead to their decay. Summer in hot weather watering is better in the evening.

• Loosening and weeding

A necessary procedure during the entire period of plant development: how active growth, and flowering. After all, a flower needs loose soil filled with air so that the roots can breathe freely. Together with loosening, weeding can also be done, removing all weeds that prevent the plant from growing and developing.

• top dressing

Not the main requirement, because marigold can grow without top dressing. However, any fertilizer other than manure will allow the flower to grow lush and beautiful.

Tip: It is best to feed the plant with complex mineral fertilizers three times during the entire growing season: at the time of growth, during the formation of buds and before flowering. Important: When the plant is fed too often, it stops flowering.

• pruning

It is produced in the summer to give the bush more beautiful shape. AT without fail remove those buds that have faded. This procedure leads to more abundant flowering and increases the likelihood of new buds.

• Pest control

Marigolds are able to cope with many pests with the help of a specific aroma. However, if the cultivation practices are violated, they can be affected by slugs and snails, spider mites and gray rot. The first is better to remove manually, the second - to remove with special means, but with the third disease, it is better to burn the infected plant completely so that it is not transmitted to healthy bushes.

You can collect seeds from a grown plant, and plant them next year. When, subsequent plants lose their properties. Therefore, a slightly different flower may grow, different from the mother.

For most vegetables and garden and berry plants is the key to a rich harvest. If you know what to plant marigolds next to, you can get good harvest grown plants. This flower has unique property- crops that grow next to it are not attacked by pests and do not get sick.

A few words about flowers

Chernobrivtsy, marigolds, aksamitki, tagetes, Turkish cloves- these are all the names of one not only beautiful and unpretentious flower in growing, but also an excellent protector of many garden and garden plants.

Marigolds are an annual and perennial representative of the Compositae (Asteraceae) family. Initially, it grew only in the territory from Arizona and New Mexico to Argentina. And only in the 16th century from there it first came to Spain, and then settled throughout Europe and Asia.

59 species are known. Their color palette is amazing in its diversity. Flowers range in color from dark orange and wine to lemon. Some species have mixed colors in several shades.

Their main application is landscape design. But in many countries they are used as a seasoning for fish and meat dishes, added to salads, sauces. The healing properties of the plant are used in folk medicine as a means to improve digestion, strengthen immunity. In ancient times, they were used to predict the future.

Why marigolds should be planted in the garden and in the garden

We are all used to the fact that flowers are planted in order to enjoy their beauty and aroma. And they didn’t even think about the fact that, in addition to aesthetic pleasure, they have considerable benefits.

Marigolds deserve love for 2 reasons. The first is due to the fact that they bloom all summer, delighting with their beauty until frost. They are unpretentious in cultivation. Flowers grow equally well in a lighted area and in the shade, are undemanding to the composition of the soil, do not need frequent watering, very rarely get sick themselves. You don't have to grow their seedlings either. Flowers germinate well from seeds with excellent germination.

The second reason is their pleasant, delicate smell, which repels many pests that cause enormous damage to the crop. Marigolds saturate useful elements soil and heal it, prevent infection with diseases.

Corn, barley and sage grow well in their place. Flowers are harmful to some weeds. The thiophene secreted by their roots has a detrimental effect on horsetail, creeping wheatgrass. This property of the plant will save summer residents from weeding their site.

It was noted that if marigolds grow on the site, moles will not appear on it and the entire crop will be preserved.

The effect of a flower on insect pests

It has long been noticed that, if next to the plantings of vegetable and fruit crops plant marigold bushes, then there will not be a single pest on these crops. Planted interspersed, in the aisles or along the perimeter of the entire plot, flowers scare the grown plants from:

• wireworm;
• colorado potato beetle;
• nematodes;
• scoops;
• bears;
• cabbage whites;
• weevil;
• ants;
• onion fly;

If you plant next to the planting of potatoes or after 7-9 rows of it undersized marigolds, you can not worry about the safety of potatoes. colorado potato beetle it won't be right on it.

Their aroma is not to the liking of nematodes. These insects often infect beds with strawberries and Victoria, areas with potatoes. It is useful to plant flowers in their aisles. A flower growing in a garden suppresses the development and spread of these pests at a distance of up to 60 cm. In a similar way, these crops can be protected from wireworm, weevil.

Marigolds will help save cucumbers from aphids. If these flowers are planted next to the cucumber beds, then they are able to contain the attacks of these insects. They will also drive away the cabbage white, scoop, onion fly from cabbage and onions.

The plant can protect other flowers from insects. Roses, phloxes, gladioli will grow and bloom well when undersized marigolds grow next to them.

To enhance the effect of marigolds on soil pests, you can plant the crushed plant in the beds prepared for planting. In this state, leave them for a month, and only then plant any crop.

Advice! To disinfect beds in this way, marigolds should be grown in advance with seedlings in a greenhouse or on a windowsill. Moreover, the plant should bloom.

You can try a slightly different way to destroy soil insects. In the fall, it is not necessary to remove planting plants from the garden. It remains on the vine until spring cultivation.

Advice! After planting flowers in the soil in this way, plant vegetable crop need it right away.

What is useful infusion of marigolds

An infusion prepared from marigolds will save the grown plants from diseases and insect pests. To prepare the solution, you can use all its parts: stems, flowers, roots, leaves. You can grind them all with a knife or secateurs. Fill a bucket (10 l) with half-cooked raw materials, pour warm (50 ° C) water, cover with a lid and infuse for 2 days.

In the finished strained infusion is then added laundry soap(40 years). It is necessary to improve the adhesion of the infusion to the treated plant. Spraying is best done in the morning. If necessary, the procedure can be repeated after 3-4 days.

To obtain the result, it is necessary to adhere to the consumption of this infusion for each type of culture:

• vegetables - 2.5-3 liters. per 10 sq. m;
• for berry bushes or seedlings (up to 5 years) - for each 3-4 liters;
• for adult trees - 7-7.5 liters. for one.

Infusion can be sprayed with a berry, but only before they begin to ripen. It will also get rid of aphids, bedbugs, fleas, all cultures.

If you reduce the concentration in the infusion (fill the bucket only 1/3 with marigold raw materials, and 2/3 with water), then they can process indoor flowers and water the soil under them. You should also wipe the window sill, on which there are flowers and glass. It is necessary to process flowers until the complete disappearance of all pests.

Strawberries, raspberries from the weevil will be saved by an infusion of garlic, wormwood, marigolds. The recipe is simple:

• Pour wormwood (200 g) with boiling water and insist it for 2 hours. 200 g of dry flowers, insist 3 hours in cold water, and skip 200 g of garlic with a meat grinder. Then all components are mixed and their volume is brought to 10 liters with water.

• pour tansy with boiling water and leave for 2 hours. Marigolds are infused separately in cold water, and the garlic is finely chopped. All components are mixed, their volume is brought to 10 liters. water.

With the prepared infusion, you can process raspberries before blooming buds on it. In it, for 3-4 hours, you can lower the roots of seedlings and seedlings of asters, roses.

Biological substances that retain their activity even after the preparation of the infusion will disinfect the soil, cope with diseases and insects.

The effect of marigolds on diseases

Marigolds have healing properties in relation to many vegetables and horticultural crops. Planting them in the garden saves nearby growing plants from some diseases.

Planting flowers next to fruit trees and shrubs, you can be sure that such bacterial diseases, as gray rot, black leg and root rot will bypass:

• grape;
• apple tree
• raspberries;
• pear;
• victoria;
• cabbage;
• pumpkin;
• tomatoes.

Phytoncides secreted by the roots will reduce the damage to other plants by Fusarium. This fungus will not be terrible for tomatoes, cucumbers, sunflowers, peas, soybeans, corn, if marigolds are planted next to them.

Against diseases, you can apply an infusion of marigolds. Spraying them with asters, peonies and left will save from the black leg. This tool is suitable for disinfecting gladiolus bulbs from fungal infections.

It is possible to prevent the appearance of late blight on potatoes, peppers, and tomatoes if, before planting them, dry crushed parts of marigolds are added to the soil. The same straw can be laid under crop bushes in June. It will not allow spores of the fungus to leave the soil.

Marigolds, being an adornment of any flower garden and garden, help other plants growing in it to delight us with their beauty and give a good harvest.

What crops can not be planted

Knowing what to plant marigolds next to, you should know which plants you should not do this with. Flowers are an allelopathic plant. Allelopathy is the secretion by a plant of special chemical compounds that inhibit growth and inhibit the development of others. These flowers should be planted in the garden with caution, especially next to:

• peas;
• beans;
• radish;
• radish;
• cabbage.

On the one hand, marigolds protect them from insects and diseases, and on the other hand, they inhibit their growth.

Advice! If you still plant flowers next to these plants, then in small quantities.

Planting a plot with marigolds, gardeners give it not only beauty. They know that in this way the cultivated crops will be almost 100% rid of diseases and pests. It's so much better than being used against them chemicals.

Hello, friends!

I want to tell you today about the wonderful marigold flowers, about planting and caring for them in the open field, and of course a lot of photos of these beautiful flowers. Marigolds are very popular because of their bright beauty and unpretentiousness. And also because of its specific strong smell. Which repels many garden pests.

Growing marigolds in open ground

Varieties of marigolds:

How to grow marigolds from seeds

• we grow seedlings
• sowing in open ground
• boarding, seat selection
• summer care
• seed collection

Growing seedlings

Marigold seeds can be bought once - choose the species you like - and then collect your seeds. They rise well afterwards.

So that marigolds begin to bloom early - in June, they are grown through seedlings. Usually they grow quickly and I sow them in early-mid April, and in the second half of May I plant them in a permanent place. Plant out after all night frosts have passed. Marigolds do not like frost, especially young plants.

We plant seedlings with good roots and three or four good leaves.

You can grow marigolds in boxes - they grow well, just have to be watered more often.

Sowing marigolds in open ground

If it is not possible to grow seedlings of flowers at home, then they are sown with seeds directly into the ground. It is advisable to do this in mid-late May, so that young shoots do not fall under frost. Flowers will be late for a couple of weeks, but still then they will delight you until autumn.

Selecting a landing site

Marigolds do not like to grow in shade and damp places. Plant them in the sun and they will delight you with their bright colors. It is good to make borders out of them and plant them along the beds. In the garden I constantly make rows of marigolds near cabbages, potatoes, berries - they not only scare away various pests, but also decorate the garden bright colors until autumn.

After planting, young plants are regularly watered, and as adults they calmly endure drought.

Planting marigolds is better not to thicken, they love good ventilation. Therefore, planting in rows and along the edge of the flower beds is the most The best decision. high grades placed at a distance of about 40 cm, low closer to each other.

flower care

These are the most unpretentious flowers - only calendula is simpler than them. You can safely come to the dacha only on weekends and water them once a week - marigolds will greet you with flowers. They can survive up to two weeks without watering.

For beautiful flowering do not leave old inflorescences, but break them out after withering.

To make the marigolds bloom with beautiful bushes, pinch the tops of them, they will begin to grow actively side shoots from the leaf axils.

Marigolds tolerate transplant well at any age. You can plant already flowering bushes in any other place, or put them in a pot with a clod of earth in the fall - they will delight you with their flowering at home. But it is better to put them on a loggia or other cool place. After the street they will be hot at home.

Marigolds grow well without fertilizers, but if the area under the flowers is very poor, then it is better to feed them several times over the summer for better growth and flowering.

Seed collection

If you want to collect your seeds, then leave a few dried inflorescences - when they dry well - collect seeds from them. They keep well at home until spring.

Do not be surprised if the flowers from them grow different - not quite the same as the parent ones - because all marigolds are hybrids.

Watch the video about marigolds - a lot of useful information!

Now growing marigolds: planting and caring for them will be clear to you. Be sure to grow these useful and beautiful flowers.

Sincerely, Sofia Guseva.

Hearing this word, we remember the last days of summer, we imagine a white rural hut surrounded by a flower front garden, in which the red, orange, yellow heads of Chernobrivtsy emit a refined smell. Most gardeners are happy to breed marigolds, planting and caring in the open field, even for a novice grower, will not be difficult.

plant description

His Latin name- Tagetes, and homeland - the states of South and Central America. First by sea, it came to Spain, and then to European and Asian countries. Marigolds belong to the Asteraceae family.

In appearance, they are distinguished by a neat, compact bush with dense branching, which can be from twenty centimeters to one meter or more in height. root system fibrous and always well developed, and the leaves are strongly cut with a rich green or light green color. Buds of inflorescences deserve special attention. The legs of the reed petals are collected in a kind of cup, blossoming buds have a multicolor color - from light yellow to dark brown.

The main feature of this plant is a pronounced smell, which not all people like. Even they are afraid of him harmful insects, so they are planted in the beds between garden crops.

Marigolds are a versatile plant. Hybrids, undersized varieties, are used as ground cover flowers to decorate borders, paths. Medium and tall are planted with flower beds, lawns, and the sides of pedestrian sidewalks are dwarfed. They look great when planted individually and in mixed plantings.

In addition to the unique decorative effect, marigolds have useful properties. They are used in cooking. Dried, crushed flowers are used as a seasoning with a golden color and a sharp taste in the preparation of the popular Georgian Satsivi sauce. The spice has a name - Imeretian saffron. It has a unique flavor that is often paired with cloves and cinnamon. It is added to pastries, soups, main dishes, marinades.

Due to the high content essential oils in home medicine, tinctures from the ground part, flower baskets are used. Oil treats skin diseases. It softens rough skin, helps to remove various unwanted growths, and dissolves hematomas. It is also used in perfumery, soap and alcoholic beverage industries.

Tinctures from inflorescences are used as a diaphoretic, anthelmintic, diuretic. They relieve inflammation of the oral cavity, respiratory tract, digestive organs (liver, pancreas), restore visual acuity.

Distinctive features of the plant

Marigold inflorescences are distinguished by shape:

terry

semi-double

chrysanthemum-shaped

carnations.

They also differ in color and size. Their main types are:

• Mexican (thin-leaved)- very small plants with fragrant-smelling, but small, bright flowers and carved leaves. On one bush, up to a hundred inflorescences with a diameter of no more than two centimeters can bloom at the same time. This variety has up to seventy hybrids.

• Undersized- up to twenty to forty centimeters in height, the diameter of double and non-double flowers can reach seven centimeters

• Medium can be up to fifty centimeters high

• High- up to sixty centimeters

• Giant- bushes grow under a meter and twenty meters, the diameter of flower baskets can be under fifteen centimeters

The most popular hybrids are:

- the shortest, dwarf, its flowers are orange, similar to chrysanthemum, the width of the bushes is fifteen to twenty-five centimeters. From the time the seeds hit the ground, they bloom quickly and bloom all summer

- due to the variety of colors (gold, orange, lemon, light yellow), the most popular hybrid for dense plantings. The width, height of the bushes is not more than twenty-five centimeters.

- has luxurious dense double flowers of lime green color. In diameter reaches twelve centimeters, in height up to forty-five. Blooms from July to September.

- different unusual shape blooming buds, is considered a particularly valuable specimen due to dense flowers with a color from bright orange to white, as well as because of the unique decorative effect.

- the name is confirmed by the vanilla-yellow color of the flower baskets. Its purpose is for flower pots, flower beds, for cutting

- these are bright, green forty-centimeter bushes in height, with dense orange dense inflorescences. The hybrid is especially resistant to adverse weather, survives the transplant well, is grown both in pots and in flower beds.

- grow up to forty-five centimeters and are grown mainly for cutting and arranging bouquets

This group includes:

Durango Bee with flowers of dark red color with a yellow frame;

Durango Bolero is golden flowers with a burgundy blotch along the rim of the basket;

Durango Tangerie - inflorescences resembling a tangerine.

All of them are distinguished - the terms of the early and quite long flowering. They are transplanted into flower beds, into container containers, even during flowering.

- differs from the rest in a spherical shape, rejected stems, dissected, pinnate leaves

- a variety of French, rejected, bush luxuriantly branching, up to thirty centimeters in height, covered with bright yellow flowers that bloom right up to the end of autumn

- a dense and compact bush with double flowers grows up to twenty-five centimeters in height.

Differs in colors - blossoming buds can be white, yellow, orange-red, orange with golden splashes

And this is not the whole list of species, subspecies, varieties of tagetes, there are plenty of their photos on the Internet networks to choose the ones you especially like.

Growing technology

Growing marigolds is not a difficult process at all, and even an inexperienced flower lover can handle it. It is advisable to use fresh seeds for sowing. You can buy them once, then, if you wish, acquire your own seed material, collected independently from your favorite varieties. Such flowers are planted both as seedlings and immediately in open ground, if necessary, with subsequent transplantation.

Landing dates

Since Chernobrivtsy do not like frosts, their sowing begins with the onset of warm weather (from mid-May to June). In April, such flowers can be planted only in the southern regions, and then with the obligatory presence of a protective cover made of agrofiber or film. Optimal temperature regime for growth, development and flowering - 20-23 heat.

Priming

Marigolds are not demanding plant, the land for them should be fertile, slightly acidic loamy or neutral in acidity. The soil should be well loosened, water and breathable. Abundant flowering those bushes that are well lit by the sun differ. In partial shade, the buds will not please with the desired amount, although the plant can develop well here.

The site selected for such flowers should be dug to a depth bayonet shovel. In order for them to develop better, the soil can be fed with nitroammophos or other mineral fertilizers. At the rate of thirty grams per square meter they are distributed over the site, followed by repeated digging. The introduction of nitrogen organic fertilizers undesirable because they won't give good flowering, but only contribute to the strong growth of green mass and slow down flowering.

Good germination is maintained in biennial seeds, and germinated seeds will definitely give a good planting density. They are simply pre-soaked for a couple of days in water. room temperature. It can also be sown with dry seeds.

Sowing in the ground

Grooves up to five centimeters deep are made in the selected and prepared area. They need to be watered. Seeds are laid out one by one in five centimeters. Then sprinkle with peat on top, you can use ordinary earth, then water again.

flower care

The first shoots should appear after ten days, although this depends on external environment. When three leaves appear on the sprouts, the planting should be thinned out. If these are curb Chernobrivtsy, then twenty centimeters of free space should remain between them. If tall - then all forty centimeters.

The soil should not be dry, regular watering is required, but water stagnation should not be allowed. It will strongly compact the soil, and the roots will begin to rot without air access. When the plant throws out the first buds, watering should be reduced, because excess moisture can adversely affect the condition of the flowers. They become lethargic, drooping and may even rot. Such damaged inflorescences are cut and removed from the site.

Weeding and loosening should be carried out between the rows of young marigolds. In the future, well-developed bushes themselves will drown out any weeds, but it is necessary to loosen the soil.

Although marigolds delight with their unpretentiousness and beauty, they will not refuse additional useful substances. Feeding will have a positive effect on appearance bushes, their growth and development, the number of inflorescences and their quality. Especially if the site is dominated by poor, sandy soil.

An initial fertilization under the flowers will come in handy when they reach a height of ten centimeters. The secondary can be done when the buds are formed. The third time the bushes are fed immediately before the appearance of beautiful inflorescences that open. During this period, it is better to use complex top dressing. With the exception of fresh manure, everything is suitable - compost from rotted weeds, mowed green manure (manure substitutes, special plants specially grown for fertilizer, soil enrichment).

Often, novice flower growers ask themselves the question - how to care for marigolds so that they please the eye for as long as possible with a bright contrast of green and yellow, red and orange, so that they bloom constantly, profusely? The answer is simple - you need to remove faded buds. The stems of tall varieties should also be cut, as a result, the bush will be luxurious.

Harmonious combination

Chernobrivtsy are used for various landings, but not everyone knows what colors they combine harmoniously with. On carpet flower beds, a company of cineraria, begonias and other similar specimens - coleus, ageratum, etc. will suit them. They get along well in flower beds, flower beds, where bright, catchy accents need to be added to the landscape. This is done in areas where there are evergreen conifers of gray, blue, purple. In addition, they will easily save any unplanted or vacant area on the site.

In addition, the flower garden can be beaten different varieties tagetes. In the center, next to the mallow, cannes, tailed amaranth, castor bean, you can plant a large-flowered variety. Near the middle ones - bloody ragwort, salvia, exotic fragrant tobacco place Chernobrivtsy of medium height. Near balsamic touchy, gatsania, tropical begonia, used as decoration for the edges of a flower garden or flower bed, respectively, undersized Chernobrivtsy are planted.

How to collect and store seed material

Marigold annual plant, they are removed from the flower garden, beds, flower beds just before the frosts. And if they impressed with their unique decorative effect, the gardener will definitely plant such flowers for the next season. To do this, you must independently collect seed material from them.

It is important to know that some bushes are dug up and transplanted into pots for further growth and flowering indoors.

If uprooted bushes are placed in a compost pit, midges and other harmful insects will leave the place.

Marigold inflorescences are of two types - bisexual and female.

First the type can be distinguished by the arrangement of the petals around the middle of the flower, so they then produce a lot of seeds, because they themselves are pollinated.

In women's- velvet petals, located on the outer circle of the flower. This is what they pass on to the next generation. decorative properties like velvety, terry. Knowing this nuance, the grower has the opportunity to rejoice at the originality of flowers next season.

Formation high-grade seeds takes place over forty days. It will be possible to collect them when the buds become completely yellow and dry, and the stems are brown. They are cut in sunny, warm, dry weather and placed in a paper bag, cardboard box. This packaging is great for storage. seed material. If the summer turned out to be rainy and damp, the buds with immature seeds are cut off along with the stems, then they are tied with a broom and hung up in a dry, ventilated room for final drying.

The heads of the flowers should look down, so you will have to spread paper under them, on which the already dried seeds will crumble.

It is better to store them in paper packaging and in a dry, dark place. Shelf life - no more than two years, but it happens that they germinate well after four years.

Resistance to harmful external influences

Chernobrivtsy are considered one of the most resistant plants to fungal and other diseases. And all this is thanks to phytoncides with a specific aroma, with which marigolds protect themselves and their neighbors in the area. But against the damp rot that appears in the long rainy season, the plant is defenseless. Damaged bushes must be uprooted and removed from the site.

When high humidity lasts for a long period, marigolds attack snails, slugs. You can get rid of them with chlorine. It is poured into small containers, which are then placed nearby. The pungent smell emanating from it restrains and does not allow pests to the plants.

Activates in dry weather spider mite, so the soil under the marigold bush should always be wet. You can save yourself from such an insect with a solution of yarrow, onion, hot red pepper. Spraying is best done in the evening or in the morning.

Marigolds in our garden are one hundred percent justification for the efforts expended. This spectacular flowering with an original, specific, and sometimes delicious aroma, this is an unusual, uniquely lush, impressive decoration for any corner of the garden.

Marigolds, Chernobrivtsy, lights - this is what the people call Tagetes. The culture is characterized by rapid growth and unpretentious care, and therefore enjoys considerable popularity. About when to sow marigolds for seedlings and how to do it correctly, will be discussed in the article.

The size of the inflorescences of this culture, as well as the shape, are different. The same applies to colors - tagetes flowers can be either brown-red or lemon. Another feature of marigolds is that they can be grown both in flower beds and in containers, in addition, they can be used to “cover” bare areas that remain after the flowering of bulbous plants.

But marigolds can not only decorate the garden. The point is that they contain phytoncides - useful material that inhibit pathogenic fungi and repel pests(even those that live in the ground). By, for example, tagetes are planted from the weevil, and by cabbage - in order to scare away the whitefish.

More marigolds are planted:

• from fusarium (together with asters);
• from a nematode (next to clematics and phloxes);
• for subsequent use as a spice or medicinal crop.

What marigolds to choose?

Seven types of marigolds were introduced into the culture, those that are most popular among flower growers are shown in the table below.

Table. Popular types of marigolds.

Dates of planting marigolds for seedlings

Marigolds reproduce by seeds. The latter can be sown in the ground when the frosts are over, and then, after thinning, plant the plants more freely. There is another option - to plant marigolds in the form of flowering seedlings immediately after the end of frost. As a rule, about 40-50 days pass from the first shoots to the beginning of flowering (more exact dates depend on the particular variety), which means that optimal time sowing marigolds is the beginning of April.

Note! It is very important that the soil for sowing is exceptionally loose and fertile. Here is one of options soil mixtures: 1 part compost (can be replaced with humus), 2 parts peat and 1⁄2 parts washed river sand.

Video - How to harvest marigold seeds

Step-by-step instructions for sowing marigolds for seedlings

To get started, you need to do some preparations. Main enemy marigold seedlings are a black leg, from which seedlings often die. In order to avoid such troubles, the container with the soil mixture, even before planting, is spilled with a fungicide solution (you can use, for example, Fitosporin-M) or, alternatively, with a solution of dark pink potassium permanganate. Most top scores demonstrates steaming pre-sifted soil for 60 minutes in a double boiler. Thanks to this, not only fungal spores will be destroyed, but also weed seeds.

Once prepared, follow the instructions below.

Step one. First of all, you need to slightly compact the prepared soil in the container, and then make grooves about 1 cm deep. It is important that the soil mixture is slightly moist.

step two. Next, you need to distribute the seed along these grooves. It is convenient to do this using a small sheet of white paper (as in the image below). If there are few seeds, they can be spread out along the grooves with tweezers. If there are several varieties, it is recommended to take care of labels with names.

Step Three. Seeds should be sprinkled with the same soil mixture with a layer of about 1 cm. If the thickness is less, then at the first shoots, the seed coat will remain on the cotyledon leaves. Seedlings will not get rid of the peel, which will make their subsequent development difficult.

Step Four. Sprinkled crops should be moistened. Moreover, this must be done especially carefully so that the earth does not erode, and the seeds do not appear on the surface.

Step Five. After that, the crops must be covered with a transparent lid or film - so the soil will always remain moist. The container with crops must be moved to a warm and bright place. At a temperature within + 15-20 ° C, the first shoots will appear in a week.

Note! The temperature here is very important, because if it drops below + 15 ° C, then the seeds will not germinate well. If it is above + 25 ° C, then they most likely will not sprout at all.

Step Six. When the first shoots appear, the seedlings must be aired every day, because it is during this period that the black leg is especially dangerous for seedlings. But if signs of the disease were nevertheless found, lodging plants should be immediately removed along with earthen clods, and sprinkle the remaining holes with fresh soil mixture. Then it is recommended to shed the crops again with a fungicide solution.

step seven. When all shoots appear together, the cover must be removed altogether. As for watering, it should be done only after the soil in the container is completely dry; You also need to ensure that moisture does not accumulate in the pan. Every 14 days, marigolds should be fed with special seedling fertilizer (such as Mortar, Agricola).

Step eight. When the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, you can start diving.

How to dive seedlings of marigolds?

When diving, seedlings can be buried to the lower oblong leaves (also known as cotyledons), but at the same time they (leaves) should not touch the soil.

For picking seedlings, a simple one can be used. By the way, even flowering seedlings of marigolds can dive, and it is not necessary to save root clods. However, it is most convenient to grow it in cassettes. The soil mixture may have the same composition as when sowing, but it is no longer necessary to sift it. But you need to add a complex mineral fertilizer (1 tablespoon per 5 liters) and wood ash (half a glass for the same volume of the mixture). To evenly distribute fertilizer, the soil must be thoroughly mixed.

Next, the mixture must be poured into cassettes, slightly compacted and deepenings of such dimensions should be made in it so that the roots of the seedlings fit freely there. In case of too long roots, their slight shortening is allowed. During the dive, the seedlings should be deepened by 10 mm.

Spread seedlings should be carefully watered. When the soil settles, it can be added from above. In the future, you need to water regularly - after each drying of the soil mixture. Here is one of the main rules for growing marigolds: it is better to underfill than overfill. Remember this.

Planting marigolds in open ground

About 14 days before transplanting, you can begin to gradually accustom the seedlings to natural conditions. But it should be remembered that marigolds can die even with the slightest frost, and therefore planting in the ground is possible only when the threat of cold weather has passed. For example, for middle lane it's the beginning of June.

Note! The plot of land selected for planting should be well lit. Yes, marigolds develop well in partial shade, but they bloom much worse in such conditions.

Step one. The soil does not have to be fertile, it only needs to be loose, well-permeable to moisture and air. If the ground is heavy, clayey, it can be improved with peat and sand.

Before planting, the soil should be dug into the bayonet of a shovel, and then nitroammophoska (or other complete mineral fertilizer) should be applied. Approximate consumption- 30 g per 1 m². Then it remains only to embed the fertilizer into the soil by re-digging.

• 40x40 cm (for tall varieties / hybrids);
• 30x30 cm (for medium);
• 20x20 cm (for undersized).

Also note that the recommended planting distances are often indicated by the manufacturer on the seed bags. Therefore, they (bags) must be preserved, and the marigolds must be provided with stickers with the names of the varieties. As for the depth of the holes, it should be such that the stems can be deepened by about 1-2 cm when planting. Root systems must be placed in the finished holes.

Step Three. After this, the voids remaining around the root systems must be well filled and lightly compacted.

Step Four. The final stage is watering seedlings planted in open ground. You can water the leaves, because marigolds are not afraid of this (as well as rain).

Concerning further care, then it consists in supporting the looseness of the soil. If applied to the soil mineral fertilizers, then one or two top dressings with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers will be quite enough throughout the season. By the way, thanks to these elements, the flowering of marigolds will be more magnificent. And if there is too much nitrogen in the soil, then the plants will grow strongly, which, of course, will be to the detriment of the formation of new buds.

Diseases and pests of tagetes

Marigolds have a lot of "enemies", not only the black leg mentioned above. Let's get acquainted with pests and diseases in more detail.

Table. Pests and diseases of marigolds.