Preparing the system for the heating season. Preparations for the heating season

If you are a resident apartment building with a central supply of coolant, then preparation for the heating season is carried out by a service organization. You don't have to worry about that, the only thing you need to do is check if there is a . This must be done when turning on the heating. If you have an autonomous heating system, then all the worries of preparing for the winter fall on your shoulders.

Heating season preparation plan

In order to spend before the start of the heating season due diligence and do not forget anything, you need to draw up a step-by-step plan. In institutions that serve the central networks, there is a certain regulation, backed up by SNIPs. Preparation works are accompanied by multiple acts and permits. Fortunately, the owners of private houses and apartments with independent heating do not have to go through such a complicated procedure.

It is enough just to check the following aspects:

• room heat loss;
• the presence / absence of dirt in the circuit;
• whether there are faulty equipment or leaks;
• checking the system for air pockets;
• Is the chimney clean?

You can use this heating season preparation plan as a template. Unfortunately, many users do not prepare for winter at all. We recommend that this operation be carried out every autumn or at least once every two years, but not less often. Not only the efficiency of heating depends on this, but also your safety.

Minimize heat loss before the heating season

You can check the house for heat loss using a thermal imager - this is a device that shows a picture in the infrared spectrum. Ideally, the check should be done in winter, and heat losses should be eliminated already before the heating season begins.

Infrared shot of a house.

Ideally, on the screen of the thermal imager, the house should be of blue color- this means that it is cold outside, respectively, the heat does not leave the room. All places where heat escapes will be marked in red or yellow. The brighter and richer color, the higher the heat loss. The main points of heat leakage are windows and doors. Therefore, the replacement or at least sealing of windows and doors is carried out in the first place.

After all the cracks have been eliminated, the windows have been replaced and you can proceed to the thermal insulation of the enclosing structures:

• walls;
• ceiling;
• foundation.

When the heating season ends, the heater continues to work. Only now he does not let heat from the street into the room, so in summer it is cooler in such a house. Energy efficient houses are very popular today.

Cleaning the heating system before the heating season

The first thing to do is flush the heating system from the inside. This stage of preparation for the heating season is very important. Inside, scale and other contaminants settle on pipes and batteries. As a result, the wall thickness increases and the thermal conductivity decreases. Accordingly, the heating circuit begins to work worse, energy costs increase.

Professional Booster.

There are many flushing options, but the most popular among owners of autonomous heating systems chemical cleaning. The method does not involve the use of special expensive equipment. You only need, which you can easily do with your own hands. The principle of flushing is that an acid solution is driven through the circuit for several hours.

Acid corrodes not only scale, but also rust, sometimes it can damage paranitic or rubber gaskets. It happens that after cleaning chemical method leaks appear. This is good because weak spots were identified before the start of the heating season and there is enough time for repairs.

In addition to cleaning the system from the inside, care is also required for the outer surface of pipes and batteries.

You probably could see how the contours steel pipes and with cast iron batteries paint over the old layer. Over time, the metal becomes overgrown with such a layer of paint that the thermal conductivity is significantly reduced.

Replacing the coolant before the heating season

The next step in preparing the heating system for the heating season is the replacement of the coolant. If, after flushing the heating system, no leaks and faulty elements were detected, then the circuit can be filled with coolant and it is ready for operation. It is necessary to change the fluid in the heating system, even if cleaning has not been carried out. Experts recommend pouring distilled water or non-freezing liquid into the circuit.

If you have a double-circuit boiler, do not use antifreeze.

The anti-freeze has its own service life, after which the liquid begins to decompose into components. The most dangerous component in this case is hydrochloric acid. It turns out that if you do not change the antifreeze, then acid will circulate along the circuit, which will quickly destroy all elements of the system. Resource antifreeze liquid indicated on the package.

You can fill the heating system:

• using a pressure pump;
• by feeding from the water supply;
• you can even fill the coolant with a bucket.

If the coolant has a minimum iron content, and the pH is close to optimal, then the equipment (boiler, pump, radiators) will last much longer. Requirements for the quality of the coolant are indicated in the product passport.

Pressure testing of heating before the heating season

An obligatory stage in preparing the boiler room for the heating season is to check the operability of shut-off and control valves, measuring equipment (pressure gauges), electrical network, all volatile elements. If after washing malfunctions were detected, then they should also be eliminated.

Manual pressure pump.

After all repair work in closed systems heating must be pressure tested. Pressure testing is a test of the circuit for tightness under pressure, one and a half times higher than the working one. There are masters who autonomous system before commissioning, they drive 15 atmospheres and hold for a day. We do not recommend doing this for the following reasons:

• the circuit from such a load becomes weaker, the probability of an accident increases;
• it makes no sense to increase the test pressure in this way, since the working pressure is only 2.5 atmospheres;
• during the test, equipment may be damaged.

To check the autonomous system for tightness, it is enough to pump 7 atmospheres into it and monitor the pressure gauge readings for half an hour or an hour. If during this time the pressure remains at the same level, then the circuit can be put into operation. When you turn it on for the first time, you will need to bleed the air with the Mayevsky taps installed at the ends of the batteries.

Chimney cleaning

The chimney is one of essential parts heating system. Almost all fires occur because the owners have not installed the chimney properly or have not properly maintained it. Whatever boiler you use, by the end of the heating season there will be soot on the walls of the chimney, and condensate will collect in the condensate collector.

What dangers does this pose:

• the conditional passage decreases, respectively, the traction becomes worse. There is a risk of reverse thrust;
• the condensate contains a high concentration of acid, which corrodes the metal.

In addition to cleaning, you also need to check the integrity of the chimney, the condition of the insulation. If necessary, all faults should be eliminated, since doing this in heating season will be problematic.

For utilities, winter always comes suddenly. To prevent this joke from becoming a reality, preparing your heating systems for the winter season should be part of your annual fall plans. Complete complex preparatory work impossible without Maintenance(crimping) of the system and execution of relevant documents.

All the details of this complex process, if necessary, will be taken care of by construction company"InstallationSpetsStroy".

WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE PREPARATION OF HEATING SYSTEMS?

The first thing everyone needs to do caring owner, – flush the heating system. This action will help to identify even minor connection problems. Washing is carried out by one of three methods:

1. Hydraulic flush. Is the simplest. Enough to wait heavy rains and create a high pressure supply of cold water in the system.
2. Hydropneumatic flushing. Under high pressure coolant enters the system compressed air. Thus, the heating system of the room will be cleansed of its main enemy - lime deposits.
3. Chemical flush. Here apply special formulations, effectively dissolving contaminants and bringing them out.

Pressure testing is a complex hydraulic test, which is required not only when preparing premises for the heating season, but also in the following cases:

• after installation of heating equipment;
• before commissioning;
• upon completion of the overhaul;
• after the reconstruction of the ITP;
• when replacing shutters/valves.

PREPARATION FOR THE HEATING SEASON OF INDIVIDUAL THERMAL DEVICES

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The preparation of heating systems necessarily consists of the following operations:

• preparation of safety and check valves;
• checking them for correctness;
• monitoring the performance of the temperature regulator, pressure gauges and thermometers;
• checking the serviceability of shut-off valves;
• stuffing boxes;
• checks and troubleshooting of threaded connections;
• flushing of mud collectors and filters.

Preparing buildings for the heating season will not do without diagnosing the health of the water meter unit. It is he who determines the flow of water and provides all the data to the water utility. To check it, the condition of all components is first examined, and then the assembly is checked for defects and compliance with the requirements.

The construction company "MontazhSpetsStroy" will carry out these and other preparatory work, as well as draw up estimates and other documentation on work issues. We offer high-quality professional services in Moscow at an affordable cost. The scope and prices of work will be announced by the specialist after the visit to the client.

Deciding to prepare your heating systems for the heating season, you protect yourself from and guarantee warm winter. For consultation and ordering services, call the numbers listed on the site, or write to email companies.

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Russia is one of the most difficult climatic countries. Many regions of the country experience a long frosty winter every year. That is why since Soviet times Special attention devoted to preparatory work. Preparations for the heating season 2017-2018 of heat supply facilities began in the spring of this year. Its effectiveness will determine when and to what extent Russian cities will receive heat in autumn.

It is difficult to overestimate the role of preparing energy supply facilities for winter, given that most of the houses, schools, hospitals and buildings of other social institutions of the country are heated from the system district heating. The same goes for industrial enterprises. To control the process of preparation for the heating season, the department of fuel and energy economy was formed. It is he who installs the program preparatory activities, on which the heating season 2017-2018 in Moscow and the regions of the country depends.

The larger the subject (city, settlement), the more extensive work is needed to prepare it for the autumn-winter period. This is due to the total number of houses and buildings.

The existing program for the preparation of settlements for the heating season includes a clearly defined sequence of activities that are ordered to be carried out by the executive authorities.

The main points of this program are:

• Formation within the relevant executive government agencies commissions for preparation for the heating season. The main task of such commissions is to monitor the timing and scope of all preparatory activities;
• Graph formation upcoming work, including control start-up procedures for heating systems. Such launches make it possible to identify all existing problems in heat supply systems, identify emergency areas;
• Based on the results of the control launches, a general estimate is formed, which includes the costs of all upcoming work.

In other words, preparation for the heating season 2017-2018 consists of checking existing systems and mains of heat supply, in order to identify emergency areas. Carrying out timely repairs and replacing outdated equipment guarantees a stable supply of heat in the autumn winter period in all houses and buildings of social infrastructure.

Beginning of work

The Russian Federation includes many subjects located in a variety of climatic conditions. Depending on the specific region, the heating period of 2017-2018 will be launched in different time. In addition, experts take into account seasonal features, since weather conditions even in one region can vary greatly from year to year.

The same applies to preparatory work, since their timing is directly dependent on the launch of heating systems. However, certain time frames are legally established in which all work must fit:

• 10th of March. Before this date, the test work on hydraulic testing of heat exchange systems;
• March 12th. The start of testing of thermal mains and heating stations is scheduled for this date;
• May 25th. By this date, all repair and other preparatory work must be completed;
• October 15th. The last day when it is allowed to start heating houses and social infrastructure buildings. In exceptional cases, for individual premises, this period may be extended by two weeks.

However, the heating season may be opened earlier than the deadline, if the weather conditions require it. Legislated next rule: if the average daily temperature is +8 degrees Celsius or lower for 5 days, then heating should be started immediately, regardless of the date. This measure is due not only to the issue of ensuring comfortable temperature in dwellings and other premises, but also by logistical needs. If heat supply systems are not put into operation at such a temperature, then they may be damaged in the future under the influence of cold weather, which entails significant financial costs.

but deadline the start of the work of thermal mains remains unchanged - this is October 15, 2017. The heating season will last until spring 2018. The specific date of turning off the heating also depends on weather conditions. Planned work to turn off the heating systems will begin in April and may last the entire month.

Plan of measures to prepare for the heating season 2017-2018

Each city produces its own individual plan events. For example, here is a specific plan implemented this year in the city of Yekaterinburg:

• Hydraulic testing of heating networks using test pressure;
• Installation and replacement of fittings in those areas where it is necessary;
• Restoration of thermal insulation of pipes;
• Checking pressure gauges and other control equipment.

Similar work is being carried out in other cities to prepare for the cold weather.

The heating season is a very important and difficult process which requires careful preparation. It is mainly carried out in spring and summer. The beginning of the 2017-2018 heating season depends on the effectiveness and timing of the preparatory work.

Preparing for the heating season

The thermal regime in our homes, in social infrastructure institutions, in administrative buildings for various purposes as well as in enterprises different shapes property in autumn and winter. It is no coincidence that this entire process is strictly controlled by the Department of Fuel and Energy Economy.

For the timely implementation of the entire scope of work, a special program was created, which clearly indicates the sequence of actions that should be performed. Among the priorities of this program are:

• Creation in executive bodies the authorities of the commissions, the purpose of which is to control the preparation, timing and scope of the forthcoming work.
• Creation of a schedule of preparatory work and a control launch of heating, in order to preliminary identify all the shortcomings and, if necessary, troubleshoot.
• Drawing up an estimate of all upcoming work on the repair and replacement of obsolete equipment.

When will it start

This question worries all city dwellers without exception. In this regard, it should be noted that the date of switching on the heating is adjusted every year. Many people are perplexed why not set fixed terms for connecting heat. Everything is explained very simply. Every year temperature regime different in one area or another. Therefore, constant updating of the schedule is required. It is not possible to set uniform deadlines for such big country like Russia. After all, somewhere frosts in Russia begin in September, and somewhere only a month later. The process of starting heating is fixed by law in all details:

Conditions for connecting and disconnecting heat

All of the above work in each region of the Russian Federation can be regulated in its own way. The table shows the approximate time frame for the completion of the work. In each individual subject of the Russian Federation, work can be carried out earlier if the following conditions are met:

• The rules regulate the timing of turning on heating within October 1-15. The last date is the deadline for turning on the heat.
• The second condition for supplying heating is the indicator average daily temperature+8 °C for five days. Delaying the timing of turning on the heat can lead to freezing of the system, which will entail considerable additional budgetary costs.
• Turning off the heating system in each region also depends on the specific weather conditions. This period begins in mid-April and lasts a whole month. It will depend on the specific forecast of weather forecasters whether you will be turned off earlier or later. Agree that it is irrational to supply heat if it is abnormally warm outside. Heating will most likely be turned off if it is above +8 ° C outside for more than five days.

When will the heating be turned on in Moscow

The last heating season in Moscow passed with some nuances. The beginning of the season passed without a hitch, but the heating season ended twice. The heating was turned off for the first time in accordance with existing legislation, when steady heat set in in the capital, and the temperature did not fall below eight degrees Celsius for five days. It happened on May 1st. It should be noted that these days the weather was very warm. It was even recorded heat for this time - over 25 degrees. The public utilities did their job very well and turned off the heat. However, a few days later frosts came and suddenly it started to snow. I had to turn on the heating again in hospitals and children's preschool institutions. This situation again raised the question: “What date is it better to turn on and turn off the heating?”. Thus, in the spring of 2017, the schedule for preparing for the next heating season was shifted.

Utilities in Moscow on May 15 reported on the shutdown of all heating networks and the start of preparations for the new heating season. All bugs that arose during hydraulic tests system, and repaired or replaced with a new necessary equipment. This result was achieved due to the organization of a special repair service, which carried out monitoring in time necessary work and corrected all problems in a timely manner. It is necessary to carry out preventive work in 73 thousand buildings, among which 7.5 thousand are social facilities and 33 thousand are residential buildings. As Deputy Mayor of Moscow P. Biryukov noted, the corresponding metropolitan services will be ready for the new season on August 25th. It is already known from official sources that the heating season 2017-2018 in the capital will begin in the middle of the first month of autumn.

How St. Petersburg solves heating problems

The preliminary dates for turning on heating in the northern capital are the first ten days of October. True, I must say that the weather can make adjustments to these plans. The experience of the protracted previous heating season (242 days) once again confirms this. by the most early term The start of the heating system is considered the first of October. Until October 10, the entire housing stock of the city, as a rule, is always connected to heat. First of all, heat is provided by health authorities, kindergartens, schools and others. important objects metropolis. Housing is connected to heat gradually from 5 to 10 October. It becomes cold in Northern Palmyra already at the end of September, so many people save themselves with electric heaters even before the start of the heating season.

According to A. Bondarchuk, Chairman of the Energy Committee, due to the longest heating season in 2016-2017 over the past 37 years, the timing of preparatory work for the new season has shifted somewhat. Recall that due to the cold spring, heating in the city was turned off only on May 19.

Twenty-nine thousand buildings must be prepared for the coming season, of which twenty-three thousand are housing. For these purposes, 66.6 billion rubles will be spent. Budget allocations will reach 13 billion rubles. Last year, similar expenses amounted to a smaller amount - 55.1 billion rubles.