Drip irrigation: device, principle of operation, installation, reviews. Drip irrigation scheme

Drip irrigation was invented by agronomists not from a good life, it was first used in very arid and poor rainfall areas of Israel. Today, these are complex, expensive, fully automated and multifunctional systems, allowing to grow agricultural products on very poor soils. Moreover, due to the competent use of the latest agricultural technology, it is possible to obtain very high yields.

Not everyone can afford to buy and install such a system, and not everyone needs it. Drip irrigation can bring economic profit only to specialized farms; ordinary summer residents cannot recoup the costs. The way out is to do drip irrigation yourself. Let it not perform many of the functions that industrial designs have, but the work will be cheap. And the system will cope with the main tasks of watering normally. True, under one condition - you will have to control the irrigation parameters yourself.

Before you start building drip irrigation, you need to decide on its circuit diagram. It can be stationary perennials and mobile for one-year-olds. Each has its own disadvantages and advantages, the final choice should be made consciously.

1. Draw a sketch of the greenhouse indicating the dimensions of the structure, the size and location of the beds.

   

2. Select hose type. For water supply and preliminary wiring, it is better to use rigid plastic pipelines. Fittings will be attached to them and pipeline accessories. The wiring in the beds is carried out with flexible hoses (for the mobile version) or rigid hoses (for the stationary one).

   

3. Consider the placement of water tanks, their volume, filling method, piping layout and valve locations. The volume of water tanks is selected taking into account the size of the greenhouse, but practice shows that in any case, you should always have at least 100 liters in stock. If possible, water can be collected from the drains of buildings on suburban area. Rainwater the most useful for plants, its chemical composition and temperature responds physiological needs. True, there is one limitation - the height difference between the lower level of the tank and the beds should be at least a meter. Otherwise, too little water pressure will greatly complicate the irrigation process. As a guarantee, it is desirable to ensure that the containers are filled from other independent sources at the same time.

   

4. Count up required amount and a range of spare parts. Separately flexible hoses and pipes, their diameter and length, quantity shut-off valves and specific installation locations. Must have right away connecting elements, tees and plugs. If you plan to do elementary automation in the future, it is recommended to purchase sensors and regulator blocks.

   

5. Prepare necessary tools. To create drip irrigation from improvised materials, the use of special equipment and fixtures is not required; an ordinary set of tools that every summer resident has will do.

If everything is thought out and prepared, then you can begin to build a system.

Instructions for making the simplest drip irrigation

For example, we will take the simplest option - drip irrigation individually for each plant with a flexible hose.

Step 1. Installation of water storage tanks. For these purposes, you can use plastic canisters or barrels from under various building materials. If the capacity of one is insufficient, then several should be connected in series so that the total amount of water is at least 100 liters.

The containers are connected at a distance of ≈ 5 cm above the bottom. This is to ensure that dirt does not get into the hoses. For guarantees, a special filter for water purification can be installed at the common outlet. Tanks must be raised above ground level by more than one meter. The best option- fill them with rainwater, for these purposes, you can connect downpipes.

Step 2 Installation of hoses and pipelines. Make a preliminary wiring of hoses, estimate the location of the droppers.

Practical advice. It is impossible to foresee all options for the future. In this regard, we strongly recommend that the length of the hose and the number of holes be done with a margin. If unnecessary, they can be turned off, and as soon as the need arises, the “power” of drip irrigation increases without problems.

Step 3 Install faucets and plumbing. Number of taps and additional equipment depends on the specific characteristics of drip irrigation. But all of them must ensure the full functionality of the system, smooth operation and ease of management. Practitioners are strongly advised to use the simplest cranes, they are easy to maintain, they are unpretentious in operation.

Step 4 Make drips. There are several options for solving the problem here.

1. First. Buy a ready-made sleeve in the store. It has calibrated holes, it can be laid in any place. In greenhouses, such a sleeve can serve for at least ten years, outdoors due to the influence of hard ultraviolet rays the service life is reduced to two years.
2. The second way is to make holes with a small, very hot carnation. The spacing of the holes is selected in accordance with the cultivation technology used in greenhouses. The advantages of this method are simplicity and speed of execution. Disadvantages - plants in the beds need to be planted in even rows.
3. The third way. Make holes mobile. To do this, additional small-diameter “antennae” bends are inserted into the main hose at certain distances. The length of the branches is approximately 20-30 cm on each side, the diameter is 3-4 mm. For their manufacture, you can use any plastic or rubber flexible hoses.

How withdrawals are made? Drilled into the center hose through hole, the diameter of which is 1-2 mm smaller than the diameter of the outlet hose.

Important. Holes should have as smooth edges as possible, use only a sharp drill for drilling, reduce the number of revolutions of the chuck.

Prepare the "antennae". Cut pieces about 50 cm long, bend them in half and cut a hole in one wall at the bend. The hole should not violate the strength of the hose, but should fit along the length into the inner diameter of the central conduit.

In boiling water, you should pre-heat the cut of the central hose, so you can make it much more plastic, which will make it easier to thread through the outlet holes.

Practical advice. In order to speed up the process of pushing, you can use an ordinary self-tapping screw of the desired diameter and length. Insert it into two holes on a large hose, thread a thin thread a little and, holding on to the head of the self-tapping screw, pull it through the two holes. Next, you need to install the antennae in such a position that the hole made in the middle is inside the main hose. If you perform all the operations correctly, then the junction will be tight. If some connections will "undermine" is not a problem, let the beds be watered in these places.

The advantages of the "antennae" are quite significant. First, you can always change their position, taking into account the development of plants. Secondly, crops need not be planted in even rows. Practitioners advise using this particular method, even if it requires more time and effort.

Now preparatory work finished, you can connect the individual elements into a single system and start drip irrigation in action.

Drip irrigation for open area

There are almost no differences in the manufacturing method, but there are several features associated with operating conditions.

1. As a rule, open areas have large area than greenhouses. In this regard, it is necessary to significantly increase the storage capacity for water. Rain won't be enough, you need to without fail consider options with water supply from an external source.
2. Hoses and pipes will be constantly in the open air. Plastic is most afraid of ultraviolet rays. This means that you need to purchase special modified resistant species. For the price they are, of course, more expensive.
3. There is a chance that during the spring or autumn frosts, the water in the hoses and pipes will freeze. It is necessary to select plastics that can work in a wide range of temperatures and at the same time maintain their declared physical characteristics. Such materials can significantly increase linear dimensions without loss of physical strength indicators, frozen water will not cause breaks.

If the distances are very large, then you will have to connect a pump with a hydraulic accumulator to the drip irrigation system. It does its job perfectly, automatically turns on / off and maintains a constant pressure in the pipelines.

For indoor flowers

There are situations when you have to leave home for several weeks, and there is no one to ask to look after the flowers. In such cases, you can quickly make the simplest drip irrigation for them. We offer an option for simultaneous watering of several flowers, moreover, the device can be used repeatedly.

Step 1. Choose a suitable water container. The volume is calculated taking into account the number of plants and the time of watering. It could be plastic canister or a bucket large bottles from under purchased water, etc.

Step 2 Install droppers in containers. Ideal Solution– use medical systems for these purposes. They are very cheap and can last for years. Droppers can be installed in two ways.

1. Just insert them through the top hole storage capacity. The first drawback is that it is difficult to “start” the dropper. You will have to suck in water with your mouth until the entire hose is full, and then reduce the speed of its outflow. Second drawback. There is a possibility of the hose falling out of the container. Attempts to fix it can completely block the conditional passage.
2. At the bottom of the container make special holes and insert the hoses into them. To do this, you need to carefully drill holes with a sharp drill, the diameter should be slightly smaller than the diameter of the dropper hose. Heat the end of the hose in boiling water until softened and firmly insert into the holes. For a guarantee, after cooling, the junction can be additionally sealed with silicone or glue. It will take longer to make a dropper, but it will work automatically and very reliably.

Automatic watering system - drip

By the way, with the help of such a simple device, you can organize the feeding of flowers.

Disadvantages of drip irrigation

They, unfortunately, are, and quite significant. None of the manufacturers of drip irrigation systems mentions the disadvantages, but competent agronomists know what threatens the inept use of modern technology.

Plants are complex biological species that have their own natural laws of development, no one can change them. One of the main parts of all plants - root system. With its help, nutrition is carried out from the soil, the more powerful the root system, the more it receives useful substances plant. Roots can develop and absorb nutrients only in moist soil, the dimensions of the root system, depending on the type of plant, can be several meters in diameter and depth; for greenhouse plants, these parameters range from 10–20 cm. This is an axiom.

Drip irrigation - disadvantages

What does drip irrigation do?

It moistens the soil in a very limited area. As a result, the root system is oppressed, development in width and depth does not occur. And this significantly reduces its efficiency, the return of fertilizers falls. You can apply any dose to the soil, but only those that are located near the dropper in moist soil will benefit. All the rest will be useless and will only harm the soil. The only way to minimize the disadvantages is to install 3-4 droppers near each plant. But this significantly complicates the system, requires more time and money for its manufacture.

Another problem is the abundance of watering. The earth should get wet at least 10 cm deep, for this you will need to use drip irrigation for more than one hour. If the soil gets wet only a few centimeters, then the root system will not develop downward, the consequences are obvious. You can only know the watering time practically; before starting the system, preliminary measurements of the time and depth of water penetration should be carried out. Bottom line - do not rush to install droppers, there are more effective means automatic watering.

Automatic watering - photo

Video - Drip irrigation with flexible hoses

All gardeners know how important watering the garden is. However, watering the garden is a rather laborious process, for this reason, gardeners and summer residents are now interested in how to do drip irrigation.

After all, by assembling a drip irrigation system with your own hands, you can simultaneously solve several problems, save money, time and remove from your site excellent harvest. Because the system drip irrigation evenly distributes moisture and fertilizer throughout the plot.

In our industrial age, there are few completely different designs drip irrigation.

Device for giving

Most summer residents are interested in the question of how to organize drip irrigation with their own hands? Having decided to assemble the drip irrigation design with your own hands, it is necessary to take into account some nuances, and above all those related to the reserves of the water resource, because there should be enough water to charge the siphon.

The siphon in this situation can be a pipe in the form of an arc, installed vertically, with one end connected to a tank filled with water, and the other end connected to the pipeline.

Moreover, the siphon must have a height corresponding to the volume of liquid in the tank.

The design of irrigation for a summer residence looks like this: water from a tank flows into irrigation hoses, in which holes of a certain diameter are cut to spray water resources. This design of irrigation can take a variety of forms.

As an example, consider the irrigation of shrubs, for which a ring irrigation design is created, and a rectangular irrigation system from a standard pipeline is great for vegetable plantings.

Watering is regulated using a special system that includes a rain valve, several springs, a lever, a pusher, and a tank cover.

The valve will operate if a notch is created on the lid of the tank for rain, which acts as a load. The rain collection valve works on the same principle as drain system toilet bowl.

When creating the actual design of drip irrigation, it is necessary to take into account certain features of the planting and development of the roots of seedlings, each specific type of planting. Because the speed of fluid movement depends primarily on the depth at which the roots of the planted plantations are located.

So, the deeper the roots go into the ground, the slower the flow of moisture. Plants with shallow roots are more susceptible to drought.

However, the roots of most green spaces are located at a depth not exceeding 20-25 cm, so drip irrigation in a greenhouse needs to use less water, unlike fruit trees.

Automatic design

The automated design of drip irrigation is convenient because it allows you to water every day, at a specified hour, without your presence. The fact is that this system will automatically turn on and off at the right time.

How to make drip irrigation for summer cottages automatic?

Create a structure automatic system drip irrigation, you need to start with the fact that the pump must be connected to a hose in which through holes must first be made. Water will flow freely through these holes.

The gap between the holes should be 30-35 cm. Next, the hose must be drawn throughout the area. In the process of setting the start time for irrigation, you need to take into account such a parameter as pump power.

The drip irrigation system is ideal for the lawn, because the roots of the grass are usually located at a depth of no more than 15 cm. Moreover, in the summer, the lawn simply needs regular watering, otherwise you risk at least losing the attractiveness of the lawn, otherwise it can lead to complete lawn loss.

Note!

Considering the financial costs of planting new grass, automatic watering looks quite justified.

However, when organizing an automated design, as in the photo of drip irrigation, some design features must be taken into account.

So, there are cases when there is an excess of water in the nearest area, but no water has arrived at the last one. In addition, there are situations when a powerful water pressure, when pumped by a pump, leads to waterlogging.

A special dispenser, purchased at any gardening or assembled with your own hands from a plastic bottle, is able to solve this issue.

The so-called drip irrigation from bottles is formed, the action of which is similar to the operation of a toilet bowl drain barrel.

Note!

This structural element will provide you with the rate of fluid flow to each bed, and individually to each seedling root.

In the automatic design of irrigation, the leading place is given to a dropper mounted on a pipeline system. It is through this device that fluid is supplied directly to the root system.

If, when assembling an automated irrigation design, you decide to save a little on costs, then it is acceptable to replace the droppers with plastic parts from the medical system kit.

However the best option are ready-made droppers with a mechanism for regulating water pressure, which are commercially available in specialized stores.

DIY drip irrigation photo

Note!

The main guarantee that there will be high yields of fruits, berries, vegetables and the rapid growth of flowers in a summer cottage, vegetable garden or garden can be safely called high-quality watering. Among the common irrigation options, one of the first places is the drip or spot irrigation system. Its main advantages include accessibility and cost-effectiveness.

Drip irrigation: convenient and beautiful

Plus, compared to traditional ways irrigation using hoses and sprayers, drip irrigation provides half the water consumption. Note that modern technologies make it possible to make the water supply system fully automated. To do this, it is enough to enter the required time parameters and the period of water supply into the program of the irrigation control unit.

It is possible to equip drip irrigation in your garden with your own hands even without special knowledge. It is only necessary to understand the principle of operation of the structure using the diagrams and photos of this article. Read also:

Varieties of drip irrigation

Exist various systems drip irrigation, while among several options, three of the most popular can be distinguished:

1. Drip hose. The basic component is a pipe with thick walls, most often polyethylene. Such pipes are designed for pressure up to 3 atmospheres, which makes it possible to supply water hundreds of meters. In the wall of the hose with the same period, emitters or droppers are located with the expectation of a specific water flow. As a rule, it ranges from 1 to 2 liters per hour. To install such a system, plastic fitting elements are used. It also provides for the possibility of dismantling the structure on winter time of the year.
2. Drip tape. A flexible tube with thin walls, the thickness of which is 0.12-0.6 mm, is connected directly to the main hose. Its inner diameter in most cases is 16 or 22mm. Installation and installation is carried out using fittings and connectors with standard sizes 1/2 and 3/4 inches. Such belts can reach hundreds of meters in length and are capable of passing up to 500 liters per hour.
3. External micro-droppers with a specific water flow. They can be nozzles and sprinklers of various models. They provide watering in the form of drops or microjets. In some designs, adjustment of the intensity of irrigation is provided. Location of droppers outer side pipes or tubular branches. It is also possible to mount on a regular hose, on which droppers with self-piercing fittings can be placed in the required places.

Drip irrigation by gravity without a pump

The supply of water under the action of gravity without a pump is one of the options for implementing drip irrigation. Such a system provides for the presence of storage capacity. It can be an ordinary barrel or another tank. The storage tank is filling up tap water or from a natural reservoir. Sometimes settled rainwater is used.

A feature of the drip irrigation system is that it can be clogged by living organisms and small vegetation of water bodies and debris.

Thus, water is far from suitable from any reservoir, and the surface of the tank must be resistant to corrosion and destruction. A barrel made of plastic, synthetic or galvanized iron is the most suitable options water intake tanks. To prevent leaves or debris from getting into the barrel, it must have a lid.

Barrel sizes depend on consumption water resources. The volume must be sufficient to ensure required watering. According to consumption standards, cabbage requires 2.5 liters per day, potatoes - 2 liters, and a tomato bush - 1.5 liters. As a result, the owner of a dacha or garden needs to individually calculate the daily consumption, in accordance with the number of seedling bushes and trees. Knowledge of these data is also useful when choosing an irrigation system.

Watering is carried out due to water pressure in a barrel raised above the ground

To ensure the water pressure in the system is 0.1-0.2 atmospheres, the tank must be arranged at a height of 1-2 meters above the ground. It is important to monitor the purity of the water coming from the barrel. In order to prevent accumulated debris from entering the hose, the drain hole should be placed 100mm above the bottom of the tank. In this design, a mesh or other filter is also needed. Gravity irrigation systems are designed for low pressure, as a result of which only non-compensated drippers are suitable for them, since compensated ones maintain the pressure of the water stream constant at excess pressure.

If you plan to use herbicides and fertilizers, it is worth providing a separate fertigation unit for breeding liquid forms drugs. After each procedure, the irrigation system requires cleaning. To do this, it is necessary that the system filled clean water, worked for several minutes. The filter also needs periodic cleaning. It needs to be done weekly.

Rules for installing and maintaining a drip irrigation system

The assembly of the irrigation system in the country or in the garden should be done in a certain sequence, observing a number of simple rules:

1. They begin to mount the irrigation system from the water intake unit. Food can be supplied from a water supply system, a reservoir, a well, a well or a special reservoir. When installing a water tank, a drain will be required that has external thread, and a tap with a 3/4" internal thread.
2. If the water contains impurities and large particles, a mesh or disc filter should be provided.
3. Further installed mixing unit. It saturates the water with chemicals and fertilizers or supplies nutrients. The fertigation unit is a tank where the appropriate preparations are diluted, which is connected to the irrigation system using a tube with a dispenser in the required place.
4. For the device of the main pipeline are used plastic pipes made of HDPE with a diameter starting from 32mm or polypropylene pipes. In principle, any pipes that meet the requirements of the system are suitable.
5. The next step is installation. distribution network. Microtubes or watering drip tapes planted in irrigated areas.

During installation, fittings are required: connectors and fittings, tees and angles.

Fertilizer application in drip irrigation system

When creating a drip irrigation system with your own hands, it is worth considering some of the nuances:

1. pave main pipe follows at an angle of 90 degrees to the rows of beds. This will make it convenient to connect branches.
2. A plug installed at the end of the pipe of the pipeline itself will help to avoid contamination of the irrigation system. It must be removed in the process of cleaning the irrigation line.
3. Drilling holes in the pipe tape construction, first you need to wind up the start - the corrector, on which to put the tape tightly. The tape itself must be plugged at the opposite end in order to achieve tightness and be able to rinse and blow through its clogged areas. This can be done with the help of a 1 cm wide ring cut off from the ribbon, which will fit snugly on its tucked end.

The use of polypropylene pipes

Nothing prevents you from building drip irrigation with your own hands from polypropylene pipes. This option of drip irrigation from plastic pipes has a lot of advantages. These pipes are strong, flexible and characterized by low density. Polypropylene pipes are sufficiently resistant to hydraulic shocks and temperature changes.

Modern additives allow the walls of polypropylene pipes to remain intact under the influence of ultraviolet rays. The pipe is not damaged if water is frozen in the system, except when it is completely filled. In addition, a do-it-yourself drip irrigation device from polypropylene pipes will cost less than from HDPE, since the cost of components for welding is lower than prefabricated threaded structures.

Scheme of drip irrigation from polypropylene pipes

Pipes made of this material are suitable for creating a main pipeline and for a distribution network with droppers. In the latter case, holes can be drilled in the right places. The diameter is selected in practice with a fully assembled system.

Of course, when working with plastic pipes, there are also disadvantages:

1. Using a special soldering iron.
2. The system cannot be disassembled into winter period or for cleaning.
3. Compared to HDPE, polypropylene pipes are less resistant to water freezing in the structure. For this reason, the entire system must be purged with a compressor before winter.

Varieties of drip tapes

As soon as we undertook to build drip irrigation with our own hands in the country or garden, it is necessary to choose the right watering tape. The choice of the type of tape device is determined by the specific conditions at your site. There are three main types of tapes:

• with a labyrinth
• slot type;
• emitter.

The type of drip tape is indicated on the label

In the first case, there is a built-in element on the surface of the tube - a labyrinth. Such structural feature allows you to slow down the water flow in the tape shaft and streamline the flow of water through the holes. Unfortunately, the external location of the labyrinth leads to the fact that during the laying of the tape there is a great danger of damaging it.

Holes in slot-type tapes for water to flow out are made using a laser with an interval of 20 to 100 cm. Inside, along its entire length, a labyrinth is built in to prevent turbulence in the movement of water. The tape must be installed with the labyrinth up. This contributes to the uniform exit of water through the holes. This is the easiest option to organize watering, which does not require significant expenses. The only thing to keep in mind when choosing a slotted type is the need for high-quality filtration.

A distinctive feature of the emitter type is the presence of additional holes embedded with flat droppers that face inward. The point is that droppers are located on the inside, and not outer surface walls, resulting in turbulent movement of water inside the belt. Thanks to him, self-cleaning of droppers occurs.

Also, when choosing a tape, the wall thickness is important. If laying underground is planned, then the thickness of the tape should be 0.2 mm. In the case of arranging drip irrigation on the surface of the earth, a tube with thinner walls.

Self-installation of the drip system

Below is a diagram of how to independently collect drip irrigation on a personal plot at home. An example would be the irrigation of a 150m2 plot with 10 rows of planted strawberries, the length of which is 12 meters.

For homemade system you will need a drip tape 110-140m long. With the location of emitters or perforation after 30cm throughput system will be about 4 liters per hour. Approximate pressure without using a pump is 0.1 atmosphere, to maintain which the irrigation system tank must be placed 1 meter above the ground. It is impossible to create a water pressure of 1 atmosphere, since in this case it would be necessary to raise the water tank to a height of ten meters. As a result of insufficient pressure, the throughput drops three times - to 1.3 liters per hour. As a result, watering time is tripled.

Drip irrigation of strawberries - correct solution

A sequential scheme of actions for creating drip irrigation with your own hands:

1. Connect the tap to the tank fitting, then put the filter.
2. With the help of a coupling, a distribution pipe is connected and laid perpendicular to the beds for irrigation. If the area is less than 300m2, a 32mm pipe will do. The pipe itself must be laid parallel to the horizon, and the irrigation tapes must be laid with a slope. The end of the pipe on the opposite side of the site must be closed with a removable plug or a valve should be installed to facilitate preventive flushing.
3. Opposite the strawberry beds, you need to drill a pipe, screw fittings with gaskets or install taps. The latter will provide separate shutdown of each irrigation branch if necessary. It is also possible to connect pipes originally equipped with start connectors.
4. Lay emitter tapes along the entire strawberry bed. One end of the tube should be put on the fitting, and the other should be plugged.
5. When using a common dropper for watering several bushes, minifold splitters in the form of tubes should be attached to it and laid near the roots of the plantations.

An example of installing drip irrigation from a central water supply system

This capacity will last a long time.

Before equipping drip irrigation from the central water supply network, you should choose the method of how the structure will be connected to the water supply. Direct connection to a valve or connection via a storage tank is possible.

The pressure in the municipal water supply system is normally 4 atmospheres, but, taking into account its jumps and water hammer, this figure can range from 2 to 7.5. Considering the fact that tapes with low operating pressure (about 0.2-1.5 atmospheres) are usually used for drip irrigation, in order to avoid rupture of the system due to strong water pressure, a reducer is placed between the tap and the central pipe, which lowers the pressure.

Another way to reduce the pressure to the desired numbers is to use a storage tank that has a bypass valve. It is filled with water to a specific level, which controls the valve, regulating the water supply. From there, water enters the system by gravity through a fitting at the bottom of the tank. In the case of creating a do-it-yourself irrigation system, you can use a standard valve from a toilet bowl as a bypass valve.

The filter in drip irrigation is necessary element systems

Step-by-step instruction one of simple options laying drip irrigation in the country or garden:

1. Collection of the filtration node. It consists of 2 filters, namely: a dirt filter and a fine filter. The filters are connected to each other by a coupling, connectors are screwed onto them, after which the entire assembly is connected to the main hose.
2. A hose with a diameter of 20 mm is laid along the central track. Near all the beds, it must be cut, so a sequence of individual segments is formed.
3. The resulting pieces of hose must be connected to each other through tees with one 15mm outlet for further wiring.
4. Drip tapes are attached to the tees, which can be fixed with metal clamps. The free ends of the tapes must be twisted and fixed with plastic clamps, and the hose must be connected using an adapter 20-15.

Installation of a drip system using a pump

The pump can be used in a drip irrigation system either to fill the irrigation tank or to increase the pressure in the system itself. In the first case, the scheme of work is almost the same as that described above for irrigation from a water supply system. This will require a water level sensor in the tank, which will turn off the pump as it is filled.

The sensor can be made by hand by connecting the limit switch to the valve from the toilet bowl. However, the pump will not turn on and off at the same time as a result of the "bounce" of the switch contacts, which can damage the pump. The control circuit will have to be supplemented with a timer, which is sold in an electrical store. All issues are resolved simply if you purchase a ready-made pumping station.

In the absence of running water, watering is organized using a pump.

In the case of using a pump to increase the pressure in a large water flow drip irrigation system, it is possible to use a reducer or special compensated droppers in conjunction with a pipeline that can withstand the pressure created by the pump. It is very important to choose a pump that will provide required flow water with some reserve. Read also.

Quite often, summer residents are faced with the problem of a lack or excess of moisture that irrigates plants. If we talk about the hottest period of the season, then the plants should be watered daily, it is advisable to perform such manipulations in the evening. However, this is not possible in all cases. In this case, it is recommended to equip drip irrigation with your own hands from improvised materials. This will help solve the problems mentioned. Such a system will not only save time, but also energy by reducing water consumption and providing enough moisture to irrigate the plants.

Design features of drip irrigation

Before starting work, you must familiarize yourself with technological features and prepare all materials and tools. It is important to plan the area for irrigation. The water tank must be located at a high distance from the surface of the earth so that the liquid flows through the pipeline.

The main pipeline will be connected to the tank, while water will be supplied from it through tees. For laying, you will need a plastic pipe, the diameter of which should be equal to 5 cm. You will need a filter, tees designed to connect hoses, as well as fittings equipped with taps.

The master must take care of the presence of a tape or a watering hose. If it will be equipped from improvised materials, then it is important to think about how much to choose. This parameter depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe territory.

Should not be used as a tank translucent plastic container, as it is most prone to the appearance of green algae. Equipping drip irrigation with your own hands from improvised materials, you should prepare plastic pipes that will act as a watering hose. Such products are also excellent for the main pipeline. They have many advantages, including ease of installation, elimination of corrosion, ductility and low cost.

If you intend to use fertilizers for watering cultivated plants, then you should stock up on water-soluble compounds that are devoid of small particles. If you do not take into account this rule, then the irrigation system may become clogged.

Arrangement of a drip irrigation system

If you are going to equip drip irrigation with your own hands from improvised materials, then you first need to prepare the territory by marking it. After that, you can start installation work. The master must cut off the hose for the installation of the main pipeline. By means of an adapter and a tap, the pipe is connected to the water supply system. The faucet to the water tank must be attached slightly above the bottom level so that debris or sediment cannot enter the hose. At the end of the pipe must be closed with a tap.

If you use a tap as a plug, this will allow you to flush the pipeline, if such a need arises. A filter must be installed between the water tank and the central pipeline, it will trap debris and sediment, preventing clogging.

Features of the work

If you need drip irrigation, it is quite easy to equip such a system from improvised materials. The central hose must be drawn along the length of the section, positioned perpendicular to the landings. Holes are made in the hose and watering tapes for each bed are installed by means of taps with seals. Tapes should be placed along the beds along the length.

After you make the connection, the elements are provided with end caps. For this, pre-prepared pieces of tape are most often used, the diameter of which is 1 cm. The tape should be bent at the end, after which the prepared segments should be put on it. Rings will help to fix the tapes along the entire length of the system. If you make such drip irrigation in the country with your own hands, then it will allow you to irrigate tomatoes, cucumbers, which are located in the greenhouse, or cultivated plants outdoors.

Alternative drip irrigation system

To equip the described system, you can use traditional plastic bottles. But this approach is optimal only for oversized areas. Such a system is able to provide dosed irrigation of plants for 4 days. This technology, as a rule, is resorted to by summer residents who have the opportunity to take care of the garden exclusively on weekends. You can choose one of two options. For installation, bottles should be prepared, the volume of which varies from 1.5 to 2.5 liters.

First way

We continue to consider how to make drip irrigation with your own hands. The neck of the container should be closed with a lid, and several holes should be made on the sides, their number will depend on the structure of the soil. If the soil is sandy, then three holes will be enough, if the soil is clay, then 4 holes should be made. The bottles are dug into the ground, while it should be deepened by 15 cm. The container is placed between plantings with the neck up. Water will pour in through the neck, the holes will allow the roots to be moistened. It is recommended to make a hole in the lid, which will prevent the container from squeezing after water flows out.

Second way

Do-it-yourself drip irrigation of the garden can also be equipped using the second technology, which is most suitable for plants that love warm water. Bottles should be hung above the ground using wooden supports or wire. To do this, you should dig in the pillars along the edges of the beds, on the first of which the bottles will be fixed. A hole is made at the base of the container, and then the bottles are hung with a wire, with the neck facing down. Irrigation is realized through the holes in the lid, they can also be placed on the sides of the neck. If the plants need a lot of water, then you can use five-liter bottles, in which one hole should be made.

Conclusion

Homemade is easy enough to equip. In doing so, you will not apply a large number efforts, and cash and not needed at all. It is very simple to organize the process on your own, and among the advantages of the system, efficiency can also be distinguished. Irrigation will be carried out in small portions, so that the soil in sufficient quantities is gradually saturated with moisture. This device is able to facilitate labor and reduce the time spent on work with the crop. Many amateurs work on the territory personal plot they choose drip irrigation, which has become a successful replacement for all other systems.