A tree peony when it blooms after planting. Watering and fertilizing plants
A tree-like peony, planting and caring for which is not particularly difficult, is perennial originally from Southwest China. There are about 40 species in the Peony family. Among amateur gardeners, the cultivation of herbaceous peony is more common. tree plant no less attractive and blooms very profusely. The opened bud can reach a size of 30 cm. The color of the petals is white, pink, purple, salmon, raspberry. There are bicolor varieties. For the winter, this type of peony sheds its leaves, and in the spring it develops very quickly and increases its green mass.
Seedling selection and best time to plant
A tree peony does not like to be transplanted, so it is important to choose the right one for him in advance. permanent place. The site needs to be protected from the wind, and there should be a lot of free space around the bush. You can plant peonies along the paths or near the fence. For active growth the bush will need a sufficient amount of sunlight: in the shade of trees and other large plants, it may die or stop blooming.
The soil needs air-intensive, nutritious and not acidic. If it is clayey, sand and ash should be added. peat soil does not fit, it will have to be completely replaced. Sandy soils are diluted with clay. It is advisable to add compost, humus or dolomite flour to provide the plants with nutrients. It is better to avoid damp places with high occurrence ground water. If there are no other options for planting, a thick drainage layer is poured into the pit to avoid rotting of the root system. In spring, bushes can only be planted in May, when the threat of frost has passed.
Growing any plant begins with the choice of planting material. The tree peony is sold with both open and closed root systems. Own-rooted and grafted plants are commercially available. When choosing a seedling, you should pay attention to the root system: in a grafted peony, the roots will be thick and dark, similar to carrots. Such a bush blooms in the year of planting. Tree-like peonies with their own root system are obtained by propagation by layering - their roots are thin and light. You can wait for flowering in such a plant for about 4 years due to its slow growth.
Vaccinations are best purchased at trusted nurseries and landscaping centers where they are looked after by professionals. Sometimes young plants are sold already with buds.
Autumn planting is well suited for seedlings with an open root system. It starts from the end of August and lasts until the beginning of November - it all depends on the climatic conditions and the area where the cultivation is planned. tree peony. It is undesirable to plant such shrubs in the spring: the plant will begin to grow green mass instead of blooming. Peony will take root for a long time and be reluctant to develop in a new place. During planting, it is desirable to keep as many white roots as possible. Flowers purchased in containers can be planted throughout the growing season.
Planting material bought in the store in early spring, you can save until May. There are two ways to do this. The choice depends on whether the plants woke up or not.
- Seedlings, if they have not yet begun to grow, should be transplanted into containers with a neutral substrate and removed to a dark, cool place, such as a balcony or cellar. Some gardeners wrap plants with small sprouts in newspapers and put them in the vegetable section of the refrigerator. This must be done carefully so as not to damage the kidneys.
- Awakened bushes that have grown to 20 cm will require different conditions of detention: they are placed on a bright windowsill, but watered very limitedly. It is advisable to spray the sprouts with growth and photosynthesis stimulants.
If it is not planned to plant a tree-like peony in a permanent place, you can dig it in May by choosing a shady place and mulching the ground around. When autumn comes, the plant is dug up and transferred to where it is planned. further cultivation. After transshipment, the bushes sometimes wither - it's not scary if there are living, not dried buds on the stems. A hole is dug with a diameter and a depth of 70 cm. A thick layer of drainage from expanded clay, broken brick or pebbles is placed on the bottom, and a little soil mixture is poured on top.
When the seedling is placed in a recess, the roots gently straighten out. The root neck must not be deepened: planting is carried out so that it is flush with the ground, otherwise the plant may not bloom. After the pit is covered with the remaining soil, it is crushed a little and watered abundantly. When the soil settles a little, and the root neck is exposed, the soil should be mulched with sawdust, humus or peat chips. This will help retain moisture in summer, during dry periods, and will serve as additional heating for the peony root system in winter time, making it easier to grow a tree peony. It is not recommended to use pine bark for mulching, as it can be a carrier various diseases dangerous for tree pions.
Some experienced gardeners bury around the bush, at a distance of 15 cm, glass bottles bottom up. They are heated by the sun and transfer heat to the root system, which favorably affects the growth and development of the plant.
Tree peony care
Growing and caring for a tree peony does not cause any particular difficulties: it is enough to water it on time and feed it properly. If the weather is hot and dry, then regular abundant watering is necessary, but without waterlogging the soil. In cloudy and rainy weather, for the prevention of fungal diseases, it is recommended to spray the bushes with copper-containing preparations.
With sufficient soil fertility on the site, the first top dressing is carried out no earlier than 2 years after planting, usually no more than 3 times per season. The first time it is brought in when the snow begins to melt: 2 tsp are scattered inside the trunk circle. . The second time is fertilized during the budding period, using a mixture that contains nitrogen. The last time - after the end of flowering. This usually happens in mid-July. At this time, the plant begins to prepare for a dormant period.
If the soil at the planting site is poor and there are not enough minerals for the proper development of the plant, then a composition with a lower nitrogen content is used, since its excess can cause fungal disease root system - gray rot. You should refrain from fertilizing with manure and the use of fertilizers that acidify the soil. Tree peonies do not like pruning, but diseased and dried branches should be removed periodically. For the winter, the bush is not pruned, as flowering occurs on the shoots of last year.
When the tree peony begins to bloom, the first blooming bud is removed. If two buds appear, after they are colored, one is removed, and the other is carefully pierced with a thin wire and not removed from the bush until completely dry. If removed too quickly, the growth point can be damaged, as a result of which the shoot will stop developing. Grafted peonies bloom in the year of planting or in the next season, and root peonies - after about 4 years. The number of buds increases with the age of the plant. For the winter, it is better to cover the bush in order to prevent the buds from freezing. 
So tree peonies are enough undemanding plants, the cultivation of which is not difficult. spring planting recommended for seedlings with a closed root system. If the bush is not in a container, it is better to dig it in May in a shaded area in order to transplant it to a permanent place in the fall. Grafted peonies bloom faster, their roots are large and dark, they look like carrots. Plants obtained as a result of propagation by layering take root worse and do not bloom for a long time.
It is important to choose the right landing site: it should be bright, protected from drafts and not too wet. Care of bushes consists in regular watering and top dressing. Plants do not like to be pruned, but need to remove diseased and dried shoots. It is advisable to cover tree peonies for the winter to prevent freezing of the buds.
Tree peony is a semi-shrub plant belonging to the Peony family. Today in the world there are over 480 varieties and hybrids of this flower, whose homeland is China. Almost all varieties of tree peony were bred by Chinese breeders. Over time, Japanese flower growers began to grow this plant. At the end of the 18th century, this ornamental shrub became popular in Europe both in industrial cultivation and in home floriculture.
Description of the tree peony
Shrub reaching a height of 1.5-2 m, with large bright green doubly pinnate leaves. One bush can have from 30 to 70 flowers. The diameter of each is from 20 to 25 cm. The color of the petals is white, pink, crimson, lilac with a dark crimson spot at the base.
Petals dense corrugated. Large numerous stamens with bright yellow anthers are clearly visible. There are forms with double and semi-double flowers. The flowering time of the bush is 12-14 days, and more in cool weather. The plant is decorative and after flowering due to unusual shape leaves and fruits. 
Tree peony is a frost-resistant shrub. AT botanical garden Moscow State University, for example, he winters without shelter. If in the fall they close the shoots with spruce branches, then only from crows pecking out flower buds. To increase frost resistance in Siberia. At the beginning of October, the leaves are cut by 2/3. Peony is unpretentious, disease resistant. It can stay in one place without a transplant for more than 20 years. 
Growing a tree peony
The tree-like peony does not like to change its place, it painfully endures a transplant, so before buying this “imperial flower”, think about where you will grow it. Its territory should be protected from drafts, there should be free space around the bush. Being in the shadow big trees or buildings, the shrub will die or will play the role of simple landscaping, not delighting the owners with rapid flowering.
How to choose a tree peony seedling for planting
It is worth paying attention to the fact that tree peonies are grafted and rooted. A self-rooted peony has many roots, they are all thin (pencil diameter), light. It is these peonies that are considered long-lived, but the first years grow slowly and bloom from the fourth to fifth year. The grafted tree peony has darker thick roots (about 4 - 5 cm in diameter) a bit like a carrot. The rootstock is a viable and fast-growing herbaceous peony, which can bloom as early as the year of planting. 
Which seedling "in boxes" to choose? The best is the one with a shoot height of only about 20 - 25 cm. It is important that there are several living healthy (intact !!!) kidneys. Problems may arise if you purchase a tree peony, in which the lignified part of the shoot greatly exceeds the size of the root part (the one that is usually packed in peat or other substrate). There are difficulties with a peony that has already had leaves.
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Rules for planting a tree peony
The best time to plant a tree peony is the first half of autumn. Somewhere from August 15 until the end of September, seedlings are planted in a place prepared in advance.
The soil for tree peony is suitable loamy, enriched with humus and compost. clay soil it is better to dilute with sand. The life expectancy of a shrub directly depends on the condition of the land. In one place, a peony is grown for a long time. Transplanted perennial is extremely rare. 
Planting a tree peony is carried out in places with low groundwater. root system does not tolerate stagnant moisture, therefore landing pit well drained with improvised material to a height of 30 cm. During planting, pay attention to the root neck of the plant, it should be level with the soil.
Tree-like peony is a sprawling plant, there is enough space between seedlings for development, but not less than 1.5 m.
Most often, perennials are planted by cuttings, since seed propagation pretty complicated. For the emergence of seedlings, the seeds are subjected to stratification, but this does not guarantee success. In addition, such a plant will bloom only after 6 years.
Preparing a landing pit for planting
For planting, pits are prepared with a depth of at least 60 cm, a diameter of 60-70 cm. This will enable the bushes to form a powerful root system that goes to a considerable depth. By five already age six, it goes to a depth of 50-60 cm and reaches 60-70 cm in diameter. In smaller planting pits, the growth of the root system is delayed, and, accordingly, both the development and flowering of the bushes are suspended. The distance between the bushes when laying a flower garden for a long period should be 70-100cm. In the future, this will facilitate the processing of bushes, ensure sufficient air circulation between them, and largely prevent the spread of fungal diseases. 
It is advisable to prepare landing pits in advance (in July), so that by the time of planting the earth in them properly settles. When digging holes, the upper cultural layer of soil is laid aside, the rest of the soil is removed. In the lower half of the pit, a mixture of organic fertilizers(preferably a mixture of rotted manure with compost and peat), 150-200 g of superphosphate or 300-400 g of bone meal and 150-200 g of potassium sulfate. On clayey and loamy acidic soils, 150-200 g of finely ground slaked lime is added. The soil from the top layer is added here (approximately to the middle of the pit), everything is thoroughly mixed and tamped. The resulting nutrient layer will serve as a reserve nutrients, for the plant for the future.
Top dressing of a tree peony
Top dressing of a tree peony is carried out in several stages. 
In early spring, during the budding period, it is better to feed peonies with a fertilizer containing a complex of trace elements and nitrogen. In practice, for a long time I have been using Kemira Combi for this purpose, in combination with it I use calcium nitrate and put the first portion of top dressing under the bush.
Immediately before the peonies bloom, the second top dressing takes place, it is similar to the first one with only one difference, I add potassium monophosphate instead of saltpeter to the Kemira Combi solution.
The third top dressing is needed in August, after the flowering of the plant. At this time, the tree peony bush needs additional resources, it needs strength to lay healthy recovery buds for the next bloom and prepare for winter.
Once a month it does not hurt to prevent fungal diseases by irrigating the plant with a solution blue vitriol(50 g per 10 l of water) or garlic water (10 g of crushed garlic per 1 l of water). You need to spray both the bush itself and the soil around it.
Pruning tree peony
Bushes are pruned every spring, because this procedure allows you to increase the life expectancy of plants. Dried shoots must be removed, the old ones shortened to about 10 cm. In China, tree-like peonies are successfully rejuvenated by cutting them almost to ground level, so the buds at the base awaken. If you want your bushes to bloom more abundantly next year, cut the shoots to the level of the uppermost axillary bud. 
Tree peony transplant
A transplant for a tree peony is a lot of stress. The plant can be sick for several years and hard to recover, so when performing the procedure, be careful with the root system: you need to dig it out very carefully, along with a clod of soil. After that, gently rinse the roots, inspect and remove dry and diseased, and cut too long. Places of cuts should be treated with a weak solution of manganese and sprinkled with coal dust.
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Reproduction of a tree peony
This process is best done in July - mid-summer. A healthy and strong bush is selected, semi-lignified shoots are separated from it, with a bud (heel) and leaves. The leaves are cut in half, and the shoots themselves are placed in a sandy-peat substrate by about 2-3 cm (by the way, vermiculite can be used for these purposes). To make the process more productive, it is better to cover the cuttings with plastic transparent glasses or cut plastic bottles- to create a kind of "greenhouse". The stock of cuttings should be aired and watered frequently. After 2-3 months, the seedlings are planted in separate pots and "stored" in such greenhouse conditions before the arrival of spring. From the moment of active growth of the cutting, it can be transplanted to a permanent place of residence, to the site.
Tree peony propagation by layering
This method was briefly described a little higher: a shoot is selected, located at the bottom of the bush, cut, pressed to the ground (for example, with a wire pin), sprinkled with soil. It is better to do this procedure in May, and with the onset of autumn, this shoot is finally separated from the bush and planted separately. Sometimes you can find recommendations for wrapping the shoot with a film or sprinkling with moss instead of backfilling with earth. If this business goes well for you and you like the method itself, try it, look for a convenient option for yourself.
The tree peony is a deciduous shrub that gradually grows up to 1.5 meters. Its shoots do not die off every autumn, so the plant needs proper care.
The peony blooms every year more and more abundantly. The shrub tolerates frosts well, it is successfully grown throughout Russia.
How to plant a tree peony on the site
The best time to plant a tree peony is the first half of autumn. Somewhere from August 15 until the end of September, seedlings are planted in a place prepared in advance.
To grow a tree peony, choose a sunny site that is located in an open area. Abundant flowering can be achieved only in such conditions. In the shade, the bush becomes not so beautiful.
The soil for tree peony is suitable loamy, enriched with humus and compost. Clay soil is best diluted with sand. The life expectancy of a shrub directly depends on the condition of the land. In one place, a peony is grown for a long time. Transplanted perennial is extremely rare.
Planting a tree peony is carried out in places with low groundwater. The root system does not tolerate stagnant moisture, so the planting pit is well drained with improvised material to a height of 30 cm. During planting, pay attention to the root neck of the plant, it should be level with the soil.
Tree-like peony is a sprawling plant, there is enough space between seedlings for development, but not less than 1.5 m.
Most often, perennials are planted by cuttings, since seed propagation is quite complicated. For the emergence of seedlings, the seeds are subjected to stratification, but this does not guarantee success. In addition, such a plant will bloom only after 6 years.
Tree peony care: watering and fertilizing
Caring for a plant is not particularly difficult. All herbaceous crops need regular watering, fertilizing and weeding.
Water the peony twice a month, but plentifully, pouring about 10 liters under each bush. If the summer turned out to be hot, then the bush is watered more often. At the end of August, watering is reduced so that the plant prepares for winter.
After each watering, be sure to carry out soil loosening to saturate the roots with oxygen. Do not loosen the ground too deep, otherwise there is a risk of damaging the root system. It is best to mulch the soil after watering, which will not only help retain moisture, but also preserve its structure. Use organic material as mulch good results gives mulching with humus.
Tree peony is very picky about top dressing. For full flowering, it needs a lot of potassium and nitrogen. Peony is fed according to the following scheme:
At the beginning of the growing season, nitrogen is introduced;
During budding and during flowering, potassium and phosphorus are used;
After flowering, nitrogen is added again.
Using this scheme, remember that it is better to underfeed a perennial than to overfeed. Excess nitrogen not only provokes abundant growth of greenery, reduces winter hardiness, but also contributes to the development of various diseases.
How to prune and transplant a tree peony
Pruning a tree peony according to all the rules is carried out in the spring. The flowering of the perennial depends on whether it is done correctly.
During pruning, all old branches are cut out, and last year's ones are shortened by 10 cm. Old bushes are cut at the level with the soil so that adventitious buds awaken, thus the plant is rejuvenated.
Proper peony pruning is a guarantee lush flowering in subsequent years.
The perennial does not tolerate transplanting very well, especially with age. Strong and healthy plants may die after transplantation. If a transplant is necessary, then try to carry it out carefully, without injuring the root system. Dig up a bush with a clod of earth, then rinse well under water and inspect the roots. Remove all diseased and broken roots, slightly shorten the rest. Treat the sections with a solution of potassium permanganate and sprinkle with crushed coal.
Reproduction of tree peonies
Tree peony is propagated in several ways:
cuttings;
The division of the bush;
layering;
Inoculation.
By dividing the bush, adult peonies are propagated, older than 5-6 years of age. Moreover, it is better to do this at the end of August, planting delenki immediately in a permanent place.
Semi-lignified shoots are propagated by cuttings.
They are cut with a heel, the leaves are shortened and placed planting material under a jar in a greenhouse.
It is best to carry out cuttings at the end of June.
Planting depth of cuttings 1.5 cm.
In autumn, the cuttings are planted in a greenhouse, where they hibernate. With the advent of spring, the seedlings are transferred to a permanent place in the garden.
Photo of a tree peony cutting ready for planting
Reproduction by layering takes two years. In the spring, the shoot is cut and pinned to the ground, covered with a layer of soil 8-10 cm.
The soil is well moistened throughout the season. By September, the layering should give roots, after which it is dug up and planted in a permanent place.
The most reliable and common method of perennial propagation is grafting. At home, vaccination is carried out on the roots of the plant.
In August, cuttings are harvested, lower part which are sharpened under a wedge and inserted into an incision in the root.
The vaccination site is tightly tied. Grow a tree peony for two years.
Problems when growing a tree peony
The shrub is resistant to diseases and pests, but weakened plants are susceptible to gray rot. Rotten shoots are removed, and the plant is sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate or potassium permanganate.
If the peony is infected with boron spotting, then the bush is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture. Infected shoots, leaves are removed and burned.
How to prepare a tree peony for winter
After flowering, the shoots are shortened to an axillary bud. If this is not done, then the plant weakens. late autumn the shrub is fertilized with ash, which is brought under each bush and added dropwise.
Tree peony is a winter-hardy plant, but experienced gardeners advise covering it for the winter. Colds are not terrible for shrubs, but temperature drops and early thaw can destroy uncovered growth buds.
In late autumn, peony shoots are tied with twine, the root zone is mulched with peat. As soon as the weather is established, the bush is covered with spruce branches, dry foliage or covering material. In such conditions, the wintering of the plant will go well.
As you can see, caring for a tree peony is simple, no complicated procedures are required. It is enough to water and feed the plant on time. When planting a tree peony, immediately choose for it appropriate place so as not to injure the plant with frequent transplants. Adhering to these simple recommendations, bush care will only bring positive emotions. Be sure to plant a tree peony in your garden to enjoy its bloom every spring.
Tree peony - beautiful hybrid shrub with big flowers and oblong dissected leaves. This type refers to long-lived plants (their life span can reach 100 years). The shrub is frost-resistant and hardy, but, at the same time, capricious.
The flowering time of the tree peony falls on May-June. The flowers are large, about 20 cm in diameter and, depending on the variety, can be red, purple, white, crimson and pink.
The main varieties of tree peony
There are many varieties of tree peony, here are some of them:
- red giant
- white jade
- natural yellow
- yin and yang
- peach under the snow
- Black Panther
- Sapphire
- Malachite Box
- Scarlet Sails
- Soft voice
- twins
- rainbow light
- pink river
- The scent of a lily
- white crystal
- red lotus
- kiao sisters
- intoxicated wine
- Emperor's Gold
- Shimanishiki
- Kinshi
- pink lotus
- pink lu
- coral altar
- coral tower
- Silk Road
- purple night
- Garnet bracelet
- Torch
- Red dress
- blue doe
- wine bowl
- rainbow drops
- Two sisters
- transparent dew
- golden casket
- white wanderer
- Imperial crown
- chief indigo
- Queen's Caprice
- dragon wings
- motley butterfly
- Pink powder
- ruby necklace
- white phoenix
- green jasper
- shining bouquet
It is better to purchase a tree peony in specialized nurseries or from trusted suppliers. As a rule, the cost of tree peony cuttings starts from 300 rubles.
For cultivation in the Moscow region and Siberia, you should choose frost-resistant varieties , which bloom at the end of May beginning of June. Here are a few varieties that have received the best reviews from gardeners:
- pink lotus
- White Phoenix
- Black dragon
- Red Fortress
- Pink Bouquet
These varieties are Chinese winter-hardy.
For landing in middle lane Russia, with more warm winter, you can choose Japanese varieties:
- Hakujishi
- Rinpo
- asahi minato
Planting a tree peony
The shrub is recommended to be planted during from the second decade of August and until the end of September. When choosing a landing site, it is necessary to take into account that it is better that it is far from large sprawling plants, tall buildings and is protected from the wind.
The ideal soil for growing peonies is alkaline, so add to the soil before planting 200 gr. wood ash .
For planting shrubs on the site, a cone-shaped pit is dug, 1 m3 in size. To the bottom of the hole poured drainage (broken brick, gravel), which provides the removal of melt water and does not allow the roots of the shrub to rot. The drainage layer should be about 20cm.
Then you need to pour a layer of natural soil, 250 g of lime and 150 g of superphosphate. After preparing the pit, the peony bush is planted.
Important, so that the root neck of the peony (the junction of the root with the stems) is located at the level of the soil.
When planting several shrubs, the distance between them should be at least two meters.
Agrotechnical care for a tree peony includes such concepts as watering, top dressing and pruning.
- Watering it should be moderate. As a rule, for a medium-sized bush, it is enough 6-7 liters of water. Watering is carried out 2-3 times a week. The frequency of watering varies depending on the weather. In dry weather, plants are watered up to 5 times a week, but do not forget that the shrub does not like dampness. Once a week before watering, remove all weeds and loosen the soil.
- Distinguish 3 stages of feeding tree peony.
- During the growing season nitrogenous fertilizers should be used.
- During the budding period potash and phosphate fertilizers are used.
- During the flowering period shrubs also use potash, phosphorus and nitrogenous fertilizers.
When feeding a peony, it is important to follow the instructions that come with the fertilizer, especially when feeding the plant. nitrogen. Overdose of it chemical element can cause root burns in peony.
After planting a peony for two years, do foliar top dressing. To do this, the shrub is sprayed with urea (40 grams of fertilizer per 10 liters of water).
- Pruning tree peony- pledge correct formation bush. Rejuvenation pruning recommended at the beginning of spring: with the help of a pruner, the shoots are shortened to the first living bud. Weak shoots must be pruned. cutting height - 10 cm.
- Transfer. This process the bush is going through very painfully. Sometimes, after changing the location, the peony may hurt and not bloom. During transplantation, the root system is carefully removed from the planting site. Then the roots are washed with water and inspected. Diseased roots should be removed, and the cut points should be processed. 1% potassium permanganate solution and sprinkle with charcoal.
There are 3 ways of reproduction of this shrub:
- from seeds;
- cuttings;
- dividing the bush.
Reproduction of peony from seeds difficult process. As a rule, only breeders can propagate a shrub in this way. Reproduction by seeds occurs within 2 years. Seeds are collected in autumn. Then the seeds are planted in open ground.
During the first winter after planting, the root system is formed. Then a year later, stems and roots appear. With proper care, watering and feeding, the peony will appear 2 years after planting the seeds, and will bloom for 4 years.
Propagation by cuttings is more efficient. Semi-woody cuttings are cut in the second half of July. The cut stalk is placed to a depth of 1.5 cm in a container with a mixture of peat and sand, watered and sprayed with a ready-made mineral complex for shrubs once a week.
Peonies should be grown in a greenhouse or any other warm place. In the spring, if the stalk has grown, it is planted in open ground.
Reproduction by dividing the bush is carried out in the fall. Regardless of the type of peony, it is recommended to use peonies of 5-6 years of age. Separation of the roots is carried out at the root collar. After separation, each root is lowered into a clay mash (a mixture of water and clay in a ratio of 2 to 1) for 30 minutes.
Preparing for winter
To bush bloomed every year, it is important to properly prepare it for the winter.
To do this, in early October, the stems and shoots of the plant are tied with a rope and “covered” with burlap or straw.
Important! The shoots are very fragile, so it is impossible to bend them to the ground in preparation for winter.
tree peony- disease and pest resistant shrub. But, at improper care there is a risk of contracting diseases such as:
- gray rot- a fungal disease, which is very dangerous, because. may move to other bushes. When a peony is affected by this fungus, the stems and leaves turn brown and then dry out. Used for treatment copper sulfate solution(10 grams of blue vitriol diluted in 3 liters of water). The resulting solution is sprayed 1 shrub;
- brown spot- a fungal disease that appears on the leaves of a peony and is an oblong spot Brown. When the first signs of the disease appear, diseased leaves are plucked from the bush and burned, and the peony itself is processed solution Bordeaux mixture (one percent). Spraying the plant with a solution is carried out every 10 days until the spots disappear completely.
You can learn about the features of planting a tree peony and the differences from ordinary peonies in this video:
The tree peony, unlike its herbaceous relatives, tolerates winter well. The height of its bush reaches three meters, and the diameter of the flowers is twenty-five centimeters. The plant is not capricious and, with proper care, can live on your site for up to fifty years.
How to plant a tree peony
Tree peonies are planted in early spring or closer to autumn. best period autumn is considered, since frosts are still possible in spring, the soil is not warm enough and the air is also. In any case, it is worth choosing a warm and dry day for planting.
After planting in the ground, the plant will need a lot of space. The site should be selected closed from the wind and slightly shaded from the sun. It is undesirable to plant a flower near large trees or shrubs with a highly branched root system. When planting a tree peony, the location of groundwater should be taken into account, since the peony root system does not tolerate excess moisture.
Heavy soil before planting must be diluted with sand and saturate with fertilizer. Depth of processing - 70 cm. Peonies are shown loose, fertile and not acidic soil. AT sandy soils humus and peat are added, sand and humus are added to clay, sour ones are lime dolomite flour. Compliance with the rules of agricultural technology for a tree peony is the key to the development of a strong and healthy plant.
The planting hole is dug two weeks before immediate landing. Its shape should be cone-shaped from top to bottom, depth - up to seventy centimeters. The bottom of the hole should be covered with drainage (expanded clay, coarse gravel, broken brick) with a layer of 20 cm. Place the prepared mixture on the drainage: a layer of soil, peat, humus, potassium sulfide 200 g, superphosphate 400 g, bone meal 400 g, copper sulfate 40 g The mixture must be thoroughly mixed, a layer of clean fertile soil should be applied on top.
Now let's figure out how to choose peony seedlings when buying. A suitable seedling on the stem has two or three strong buds, as well as several adventitious roots, at least five centimeters long. root system good seedling in volume is not inferior to the crown.
Just before planting, in the previously prepared hole, a hole breaks, and a hill forms at the bottom. The seedling must be lowered onto a hill, its roots straightened and watered abundantly. When the moisture settles, sprinkle the roots with soil, leaving their neck in line with the surface.
Some nuances of tree peony care
In addition to observing the landing rules, it is also required proper care behind a tree peony. Here everything is exactly the same as with grassy species - the main thing is timeliness.
Watering and loosening the soil
Twice a month it is necessary to pour about seven liters of water under the bush. In the absence of precipitation and strong heat, water the plant more often as the soil dries. After watering, the soil must be thoroughly loosened, saturating it with oxygen. Try to walk over the entire surface above the roots, without going deeper than five centimeters. At the same time, remove the weeds.
Top dressing and fertilizer
Tree peonies need enhanced nutrition with potassium and nitrogen. During the growth period, apply to the soil nitrogen, during bud formation potassium and phosphorus. When the peony blooms to potassium and phosphorus, again add nitrogen compounds. Nitrogen must be applied, but do not overfeed the plant, as this can provoke rot.
Important! With try to timetop dressing for watering, so as not to burn the roots.
At the end of flowering, the flower stalks need to be cut off, and just before the dormant period, feed the peony with a mixture wood ash(300 g) and bone meal(200 g) under the bush.
Peony pruning
The described plant does not like frequent removal of branches. Pruning a tree peony in autumn is not recommended, as abundant flowering buds on last year's shoots. Formative pruning is carried out in the spring before the buds set. This should be done every few years. All other procedures concern only pruning of damaged and weak shoots, branches growing inside the bush. Weak branches need to be cut to fifteen centimeters; in young shoots, some of the buds are sometimes removed so as not to weaken their development.
Important! If there was a year with sharp temperature changes and the plant was very frozen, pruning, almost to the ground level, can help restore it.
Shelter for the winter
tree peony frosts are not terrible, and here early thaws can hurt. During warming, the plant wakes up and grows, and when the cold returns, it dies.
Therefore, the question is: "Do I need to cover a tree peony for the winter?" - very relevant. To maintain health and decorative look it is better to save his plants. At the end of October, collect the branches in a heap and tie them, after shelter trunk circle peat mulch. Closer to the cold, cover the bush with improvised materials: in pieces tree bark, spruce branches or jute bags.
Did you know? In China, there are tree peony nurseries protected by law. Half a century old peonies grow there under the supervision of specialists.
Tree peony transplant
A transplant for a tree peony is a lot of stress. The plant can be sick for several years and hard to recover, so when performing the procedure, be careful with the root system: you need to dig it out very carefully, along with a clod of soil. After that, gently rinse the roots, inspect and remove dry and diseased, and cut too long. Places of cuts should be treated with a weak solution of manganese and sprinkled with coal dust.
How to propagate a tree peony yourself
The most common tree peony propagate vegetatively, different ways. Let's consider each of them in more detail.
Interesting! ancient legend says that the peony is named after the healer Pean. This doctor put on his feet not only people, but also the gods. For a long time, peonies were bred solely for their healing properties, and in Ancient Greece the plant was called the "flower of twenty ailments."
Division of the rhizome
Formed three- or five-year-old plants with strong branches (at least seven) are suitable for dividing the rhizome. Optimal time carrying out this procedure August-September. The selected bush is carefully dug up, cleaned of adhering earth and washed. The branches are cut to ten centimeters, the roots are dried for about three hours in the shade.
The prepared plant is divided sharp knife for several seedlings with two or three buds. The cut points are sprinkled with charcoal dust and treated with a fungicide. For less injury, you can stretch the rhizome, without resorting to cutting with a knife, but after that it will need to be dipped in a clay mash.
cuttings
Peonies are cut from June to August. Plants with semi-lignified shoots and formed buds are selected. The shoots are cut obliquely under the bud, the leaf plates are shortened by two-thirds. The cut point is dipped in a root growth stimulator and planted in boxes with prepared soil, deepening the buds into the ground.
The earth is prepared from sand and peat one to one, sprinkled with sand on top. The boxes are covered with foil and maintain soil moisture until autumn. In October, strengthened cuttings are planted in a greenhouse and left there until spring. Cuttings are not a very convenient way, since the plants propagated in this way bloom only in the fifth year.
layering
Reproduction of a tree-like peony by layering is carried out in May, before the period of its flowering. The strongest shoot of the bush is pressed to the ground and an incision is made at the point of contact with the soil. For better rooting, the incision is treated with root development stimulants and a spacer is placed. The incision site is sprinkled with a layer of soil - 15 cm.
The second option (considered less productive): without bending to the ground, the incision is wrapped with polyethylene and covered with pitch. In both cases, you need to monitor soil moisture. New roots appear by the beginning of September.
Inoculation
Reproduction by grafting is the most time-consuming process. Root segments of herbaceous peonies about fifteen centimeters long are suitable as a stock. The scion should be a cutting cut from the shoot of the current year and having two eyes. The roots of the stock are kept in a cool room for up to three weeks, after which a wedge-shaped cut is made on the root segment, also cutting the lower part.