Individual heating point (ITP): scheme, principle of operation, operation. Heat exchanger for a heating system: main types and manufacturers
The heat exchanger is main element heating system. Its main role is to transfer thermal energy from the generator to the coolant.
With considering structural elements they can be made various kinds, thanks to which each owner will be able to choose suitable option for your heating system.
In home heating systems, you can often find surface heat exchangers. AT
them heat transfer occurs through the surfaces of the metal walls of this apparatus.
- The maximum implementation of heating through the presented apparatus is observed in the design boilers running on gas, solid fuel and electricity. Industry leader heating equipment Novosibirsk company Teplodar https://www.teplodar.ru/catalog/kotli/ production of heating boilers.
- The circulation of the coolant occurs through pipes bent in the form of a coil. They are located inside the boiler unit, and the heat carrier is heated from the temperature of the burning fuel.
- Hot water is sent to the pipeline of the heating system, and replaces it in the heat exchanger with a cooled heat carrier from radiators.
Even today, in many homes there is a traditional source of thermal energy - bake. It is advisable to use it for a small area house.. If we are talking about a multi-room cottage, then its thermal power will not be enough.
For this reason in private homes, the heating system cannot function normally without this element. It is thanks to him that it is possible to turn the stove into a full-fledged water-heating boiler.
As for the dimensions and shape of the do-it-yourself heating circuit, they must fit into the size of the fuel chamber furnace plant. It is really possible to connect batteries and pipelines to the resulting unit, as a result of which it is possible to achieve efficient heating building.
Types of heat exchangers
Heat exchangers can be various types. Their difference lies in the method of transferring thermal energy. Allocate the following types presented devices:
- mixing. In them the transfer of thermal energy is carried out due to the mixing of two working media. By design, these devices are much simpler than surface ones. The use of such units is obtained only if it is possible to mix heat carriers. This condition is the main disadvantage of mixing devices.
- Surface. In them exchange of energy between workers
heat carriers through the separator walls.
Such devices are divided into recuperative and regenerative.
In recuperative when transferring thermal energy through a separating wall the heat flow moves in the same direction at each point of the wall.
For regenerative The heat exchanger is characterized by the fact that the heat carrier, when alternately touching the same surface, from time to time changes the direction of the flow.
Types of recuperative heat exchangers
Recuperative heat exchange devices are in great demand today. Consent
but the following types of the units presented are distinguished by the structural design:
shell-and-tube
This device, which is a bundle of pipes welded to the casing and attached to the tube sheets with bolts.
The movement of the first heat carrier in the annular space is carried out through the nozzles present on the body. Another coolant flows through the pipes. There are partitions on the case or cover of the presented devices.
In order to increase the heat transfer, the pipes are subjected to the process of finning by rolling or winding the tape..
Immersed
Its design involves the immersion of one coolant in a container with another. Such devices are characterized by low cost and simplicity.
The movement of water in the annular space occurs at a low speed, resulting in low heat transfer.
Heat exchange devices of the "pipe in pipe" type
It consists of several links located one above the other and interconnected. Each link is a structure of pipes inserted into each other, between which heat exchange takes place.
It is advisable to use them at high pressures and low water flow rates in the system.
Irrigation 
It consists of several rows of pipes located one above the other, on the outer surface of which cooling water flows down in a thin film.
It is actively used in refrigeration units since they act as capacitors.
Graphite
The design of the heat exchange device assumes the presence of graphite blocks sealed together with rubber gaskets and fixed with covers.
Graphite is considered an excellent conductor of thermal energy. To eliminate porosity, it is treated with special compounds.
Used for chemically aggressive liquids.
lamellar
This device is made of plates, the surface of which is stamped with a special method.. The result of such work is the formation of channels through which the coolant moves. The plates are sealed with each other.
The manufacturing process of such a device is notable for its simplicity, it is easy to clean, it has a high heat transfer. Minus - does not withstand high pressure.
Lamellar-ribbed
Consists of dividing plate systems with ribbed surfaces between them- nozzles attached to the plates by vacuum soldering.
Designed for heat exchange between non-aggressive liquid and gaseous media in the temperature range from plus 200 °C to minus 270 °C.
It has low weight and size, high strength and rigidity.
Finned-lamellar
Its design assumes the presence of ribbed panels of small thickness, the production of which takes place using high-frequency welding.
Thanks to this design and the materials used, it is possible to achieve a high temperature regime coolant, low hydraulic pressure, high efficiency, long service life, low cost .
It is advisable to use it when utilizing the heat of gases.
Spiral
Equipped with two channels that are wound in a spiral around the main dividing wall. Their purpose is heating and cooling liquids that have high rate viscosity.
Device and principle of operation
Modern models of a heat exchanger have several parts. Each has its own important role:
- fixed plate- all inlet pipes are attached to it;
- pressure plate;
- plates equipped with inserted seal type gaskets;
- top and bottom guides;
- rear pillar;
- threaded studs.
Such a unique design of the heat exchange device allows achieving the most efficient layout of the entire surface of the operating unit.
Popular manufacturers
On the modern market this product is presented in a wide range. There are numerous models and manufacturers. Main selection criteria:
- reliability and quality;
- maintainability;
- price;
- warranty;
- spare parts.
Watch a video on how to make a heat exchanger with your own hands
- Kroll. Manufactured models of heat exchangers - series S, SKE, H, SL, NKA, NK, A. Cost from 200,000 to 700,000 rubles.
- dragon energy. Models heat exchange devices: Dr 30, Dr 50, Dr 100, Dr 150, Dr 200, Dr 500, Dr 1000. Price from 60,000 to 400,000 rubles.
- SWEP– manufactures heat exchangers of the GX, GC, GL, GD, GF, GW series. Cost from 45,000 to 600,000 rubles.
- Ridan. Produces models of heat exchangers of the HH series. Price from 40,000 to 800,000 rubles.
Before choosing, be sure to familiarize yourself with the characteristics of each model.
The heat exchange device is the "heart" of any heating system. Only if available can you get quality heating Houses. Due to the wide variety of this heating device, it is very easy to choose the right one for your system.
If at least once you were interested in the issue of arranging a heating system in a private house, you should have heard about heat exchangers. They play an important role in the heating system. This is especially true for the case when it comes to autonomous heating, where heating boilers. In them, the coolant is prepared inside such a heat exchanger.
Some believe that this device is hollow, and there is water inside it. Manufacturers today offer such devices in a wide variety, they can be made of a variety of metals. However, one of the most common are plate heat exchangers.
The main types of heat exchangers for heating
To date, two types of heat exchangers are known, which are tubular and plate. The latter cannot be disassembled, since during its manufacture the elements are soldered together. Tubular heat exchangers are pipes of impressive diameter into which tubes of smaller diameter are welded.
If you have a plate heat exchanger in front of you, then this indicates that the device consists of several plates that have stamped wavy channels and a surface for the passage of the coolant. The plates are fixed with rubber gaskets and ties.
What choice to make
Lamellar units are chosen most often, because they are easy to repair and have less impressive dimensions. In tubular devices, heat transfer takes place in a smaller diameter pipe, which is located in a large pipe. This allows you to use the device when exposed to high pressure, which cannot be said about the lamellar variety.
The principle of operation of the heat exchanger
Because the plate heat exchanger has four outlets, it has two circuits. This device acts as a flow separator for pressure and temperature. Various coolants can be divided among themselves, this applies to acids and liquids. Underfloor heating is connected to one circuit, while the heating plant is connected to the other, namely the return and supply.
How to avoid mistakes
Connect the central heating medium directly to warm floors not possible, as this may disable them in short time. Some reasons such as high pressure in central heating systems and high temperatures can lead to such consequences. In addition, the coolant contains a lot of dissolved iron and chemical reagents.
Design of a plate heat exchanger
The heat exchanger for heating a private house can be lamellar. In this case, it includes:
- movable plate;
- fixed plate;
- fasteners;
- a set of plates;
- top and bottom guides.
Fasteners are needed to tighten the plates that form the frame. As for the guides, they have round section. The heat exchanger for heating can have frames of the most different sizes. Everything will depend on the strength of the structure. The more plates, the greater the performance of the device, as well as the weight and dimensions.
The number of plates for the heat exchanger model has a certain indicator. In their design there are gaskets that seal the ducts through which water flows. In order to achieve the required density of two rubber gaskets, the plates are pulled together and fixed to a fixed plate.
heat exchanger plates
The plate heat exchanger for home heating is made of of stainless steel. This metal is excellent negative impacts water Bad quality. It may be influenced elevated temperatures that form in the combustion chamber. That is why the manufacturers made the right choice.
The described heat exchanger for heating is manufactured by stamping. Plates are not made from any stainless steel. There are special brands that are recommended for use. For example, domestic producers most often use steel grade 08X18H10T.
Plates have interesting device. They use a technology that involves creating grooves over a plane. They can be placed symmetrically. Similar embossed surface increases the area of thermal extraction, and also guarantees uniform distribution of water.
Principle of operation
Plate heat exchanger for heating does not work on its own simple principle. In it, the plates are installed with a rotation of 180 ° C. In one package, 4 elements are usually assembled, which create collector circuits for supplying and discharging water. Two elements located on the edge are not involved in the process.
Heat exchanger for hot water from heating may involve one of two types of layout. If the coolant is divided into parallel flows, then we are talking about a single-pass arrangement. In this case, the streams pass through the channels and end up at the port for output. There is also a multi-pass arrangement. Used here complex scheme, because the heat exchanger has the same number of channels. This can be achieved by installing additional plates that contain blind ports.
Installing a heat exchanger in a heating system
Quite common today in schemes where the coolant is transported is a heat exchanger. Heating the house with it becomes more efficient. If you plan to mount this assembly, then you should properly mount it. The design is pressed against the wall using a fastening tape or console. This can be done using the corner, which is installed at the bottom of the heat exchanger. In addition, the device will be tied with pipes.
Additionally, a filter is installed, it must provide at least rough cleaning water that goes to the circuit of the thermal power plant. If heating through the heat exchanger will be carried out in the conditions of the old system, then the installation of two filters is required, one of which will be located below, the other - above. You should take care of the presence of American women and taps, the first of which look like quick-release threaded connections. A simple American has 4 parts:
- union nut;
- two threaded fittings;
- gaskets.
It is important to consider the connection diameter when installing the heat exchanger, because the device is very compact. It will have a large volume of coolant, but the gap between the plates will be minimal. It is advisable to use the same diameter or slightly larger. When choosing a heat exchanger, it is necessary to purchase one that has a small power reserve. This does not affect the dimensions, but the heat removal rate will increase. This is especially true for those circuits where a thermal power plant produces a low temperature.
The choice of heat exchanger for the boiler according to the material
The heat exchanger for heating boilers is the "heart" of this equipment. It is from this node that the performance of the unit depends. If such a reliable “heart” does not fail in difficult times, this device can be considered indispensable when arranging a heating system. However, it is also important to consider the service life of the boiler, which is affected by the material of the heat exchanger. It can be cast iron or steel.
In the first case, the weight will be impressive, 2 times more than a steel opponent. This feature must be taken into account when designing a boiler room. After all, such equipment cannot be hung on the wall. But if you choose a powerful boiler with a cast iron heat exchanger, then you will have to strengthen the foundation at all. If you buy a low power boiler equipment, then it will have a reduced number of sections, edges and smoke channels through which combustion products move. This will reduce the efficiency of the heat exchanger and cause premature aging of the cast iron assembly. By choosing a steel heat exchanger, you will prefer equipment that will weigh much less.
Heat exchanger for furnace
The heat exchanger in the heating furnace can be made independently; for this, sheet 3 mm steel or pipes are usually used, which can be shaped or round. Their wall thickness can vary from 3 to 5 mm, while the diameter usually varies from 30 to 50 mm.
Alternatively, stainless steel or copper pipes can be used for this purpose. However, due to their high cost material is rarely used. And with the use of sheet metal registers are easier to make. They will be easier to clean during use. However, they usually have a smaller contact area with hot gases or flames, because in most cases they are a continuous surface, and only inner base facing the flame.
If such a heat exchanger is made for heating a private house from a pipe, then it will have the same dimensions as in the case described above, but the heat exchange area will increase. After all, hot gases and flames will be in contact. However, the manufacture will have to work hard, especially for those structures that consist entirely of a round pipe.
If you decide to resort to technology that involves the use of pipes, then it is better to prefer seamless seamless products, which are additionally reinforced with a weld. They should be placed with outer side register, in the place where the brickwork is located.
When a do-it-yourself heat exchanger for heating is made using this technology, quite often sheet iron and pipes are combined. This is done in order to use positive traits products, as well as to simplify the technology. In the end, it will be possible to obtain a fairly impressive heat exchange area.
Conclusion
If you decide to prefer a plate heat exchanger, you should know that its power will depend not only on the size, but also on the number of plates. Any such equipment must be equipped with a cleaning filter, which is required to retain coarse particles such as scale or chips. It should be washed from time to time. by special means. They are currently on the market in a wide range.
The key elements of the heating system include such units as heat exchangers for heating, as well as a boiler or water heater. A boiler is a container of a sufficiently large volume, under or in which a heat source is located. Either a water or steam heat exchanger can be used to heat water. This device is equipped with a special heating boiler, the task of which is to heat the water circulating in a confined space. Such devices are called water heaters (boilers) indirect heating.
Types of heat exchangers
The functions of heat exchangers for boilers are quite numerous and important, since the purpose and design of the boiler itself largely depends on this device. In addition, with a heat exchanger cold coolant receives the necessary amount of heat from the already heated. Another important function: the device transfers heat energy from the coolant to sanitary water, as well as from the combustible gas directly to the coolant.
Depending on the method of transferring heat to liquids, the following types of heat exchangers are distinguished:
- Primary - energy is transferred from gas to coolant;
- Secondary (water-water) - energy is transferred from the liquid to the coolant;
- Bithermal (combined), a feature of which is the double exchange of heat from the coolant to water and from gas to the coolant.
Primary
The primary heat exchanger is a fairly large copper pipe, which is curved in one plane in the form of a serpentine. Plates of various sizes made of copper are located in the same plane. To prevent rust, the surface of this unit is coated with a special protective paint. The power of the primary heat exchanger for heating primarily depends on the number of fins and the length of the pipe.
In most cases, such devices have approximately the same constructive solution, the differences are in the way the pipe is connected, in the dimensions of the heat exchanger itself, as well as its power. It should be noted that the process of heat exchange between coolants can be significantly hindered in case of contamination with soot and dirt.
Salt deposits inside the unit itself, which prevent the passage of water through the boiler, have no less negative effect. This is a consequence of a violation of the circulation of the coolant, as well as a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the walls of the device. For this reason, it is necessary for preventive purposes to engage in timely maintenance of the heat exchanger for heating the house, as well as to flush and clean it.
Secondary
Secondary heat exchangers (they are also called hot water heat exchangers - DHW) are distinguished by special plates that are connected to each other. These plates are made from stainless steel. Such devices are most often installed in boilers Linea (Bongioanni), Mini kW, Major kW (Immergas), as well as Micra 2 (Hermann).
The water-to-water device allows you to count on the necessary heat exchange due to high level thermal conductivity of the plates, as well as a large heat exchange area. Such indicators can be achieved even despite the fact that the flow rate of the heat carrier is quite high.
However, thanks to high speed the likelihood of salts and deposits on the walls is almost completely excluded. Due to some design features, the water-to-water heat exchanger has special qualities. For example, the power and heat exchange area directly depend on the number of plates. In addition, in other types of heat exchangers, cold water and the coolant move towards each other, while here the direction of their movement completely coincides.
Bithermic
The design feature of this group of devices is the presence of two circuits at once: hot water supply and heating. Such units are used in the boilers Linea Isy (Bongioanni), Immergas Star kW (Immergas) and Hermann Habitat 2 (Hermann). Speaking directly about the structure of the model, we note that it is represented by the so-called "pipe in a pipe" (coaxial). In addition, there are copper plates that are located on the surface of the device.
Differences
Outer pipe designed for the circulation of the coolant in the heating system, while the internal one is for movement sanitary water. AT heating mode During operation, the combustible gases emit heat, which is delivered directly to the coolant. If the heat exchanger operates in hot water mode, then the heat is first transferred to the coolant, after which it goes to the circuit.
If a bithermic heat exchanger is used to heat the house, then there is no need to install such hydraulic heating units as a secondary heat exchanger and a three-way valve.
This has the most positive effect on the price of the boiler, in addition, the reliability of the device operation is significantly increased.
disadvantages
However, it was also not without some shortcomings. For example, the transfer of thermal energy in the DHW mode is somewhat limited, which, accordingly, leads to a decrease in the volume of heated water produced, when compared with other types of heat exchangers for heating. Another limitation - experts do not advise operating this device in regions where the water is different high content hard salts in its composition. The reason is a more intense and accelerated deposition of salts due to a rather sensitive temperature difference in the mode of hot water supply and heating.
It is also worth noting that some heat exchangers have an increased capacity. Installation of such boilers is carried out in heating boilers the highest class - Eura (Hermann). His appearance they most of all resemble a 6-8-liter boiler for heating, which is equipped with a special copper coil located throughout the volume of the unit. Such heat exchangers are called mini-boilers. A coolant circuit passes through the coil, and a hot water supply circuit passes through the walls.
Indirect heating boilers
If we talk directly about water heaters and electric boilers, it is worth noting that indirect heating boilers are the most popular. There may be several main sources of heating the coolant - heating gas-burner, which is located under the boiler, a tubular electric heater inside it, as well as the heat of the heating system. The container, in which the heating process is carried out, is protected from the outside by a special casing, as well as a layer of thermal insulation, so that no additional heat loss occurs through the water heater.
The heating device is connected to the control panel, which is necessarily equipped with a special sensor for checking the temperature. A bimetallic thermostat often acts as such a sensor. If the sensor signals that the temperature is below normal, then the heating of the liquid automatically starts.
Closed type boilers
There are two types of water heaters for heating - open and closed. Closed boilers have found their application in centralized system water supply. In such devices, various metals (copper, stainless steel, enamelled steel) are used to make boilers for heating.
It is worth noting that such water heaters are characterized by increased pressure, the cause of which is the expansion of the liquid during heating.
In order to avoid breakdowns of the unit and its failure, a special expansion tank is used, which is designed for excess water. In addition, such a tank can be additionally equipped with a thermal mixer, a pressure gauge, and a pressure reducer.
open boilers
Open water heaters for heating differ primarily in that they can supply hot water only one draw-off point, for which it is used special equipment called a mixer. When the special mixer is turned on, the connection of the heat exchanger to main pipe overlaps. Pressure network water is large enough at the inlet to the heater, and not at the exit from it. As a result, manufacturing companies have the opportunity to use not the most durable and expensive materials to create a heating container, since the pressure on the walls of the container is not the highest.
In addition, this armature is designed to play the role of a safety group and expansion tank, draining excess water into the sink as it expands. Closed boilers can also be equipped with a similar special mixer, however, open boilers for home heating will not be able to function without this unit.
Nuances of cold water supply
Finally, we note that unheated water should be supplied under very high pressure into the container so that the already heated liquid begins to pour out of the boiler - only in this case it can be argued that the water intake has been successfully completed. After all, if the water pressure at the inlet is very small, then hot water will not be able to leave the tank, since the tube for the exit of the heated liquid is located at the highest point of the heater. Cold water is poured from the bottom, and thanks to special device- fitting - this liquid spreads at the bottom of the boiler.
Thus, there are several types of water heating elements that are designed to heat water and supply it. Each of these varieties is different own virtues and disadvantages, and only the consumer decides which of the boilers is optimal for his system.
Independent production of a heat exchanger
The heat exchanger is quite accessible for self-manufacturing, which has been repeatedly used by many home craftsmen to create this heating unit with minimal financial costs. If we consider the main types of heat exchangers made on our own, we can distinguish the following varieties: with my own hands open-type boilers and coils located near the heat source.
Option one
In the first case, any open container is used that has sufficient strength to accumulate water under normal pressure. Heating in such a do-it-yourself unit is carried out by immersion in a heat transfer source container. Such designs are popular for obtaining hot water in small country houses and other buildings for temporary use.
Option two
The second type of heat exchangers available for making with your own hands is a curved pipe (coil), which is passed in the immediate vicinity of a heating boiler, house stove or other source high temperature. The water in the pipe is heated indirectly and supplied to the consumer.
heat exchanger- it is an integral part of the heating system, along with appliances such as a boiler or water heater.
Boiler This is a large water tank. As a rule, the heat source is located under it or directly in it. Water or steam heat exchangers can be used to heat water.
Principle of operation indirect heating water heaters consists in heating water, which occurs in a heating boiler, and its circulation in a confined space.
The value of the heat exchanger for the boiler is invaluable. It is from this device that the direct purpose and design of the boiler used depends.
According to the type of energy transfer to liquids, the following types of heat exchangers are distinguished:
- Primary. This type is characterized by the transfer of heat from the gas.
- Secondary. Heat is transferred from the liquid to the coolant.
- bithermic. Their difference lies in the double exchange of heat from the coolant to water and from gas to the coolant.
Primary
Primary heat exchanger- This is a copper pipe made in the form of a coil. Copper plates are installed in its plane.
The surface of the device is covered with paint that protects from rust and damage. The power of such equipment depends on the size of the pipe and the number of fins.
Primary heat exchangers for the most part do not have significant design differences. Differences of devices consist only in connection options, pipe dimensions and unit power.
During the operation of the device, such difficulties may arise as the deposition of salts on the walls of the device, which significantly reduces its effectiveness. For prevention timely cleaning, rinsing and Maintenance device.
You can prevent deposits inside the pipes and increase the service life using special filters.
Secondary
Secondary heat exchangers, which are also called hot water heat exchangers (DHW), are equipped with special, interconnected stainless steel plates.
Secondary heat exchangers are different good degree of thermal conductivity and enough large area heat exchange. In addition, the high flow rate eliminates the possibility of salt deposits on the inner walls of the device.
Power and heat exchange area in many ways depends on quantity installed plates.
bithermic
The main difference This type is the presence of two circuits at the same time: hot water and heating. The design of the unit is a pipe inside another pipe. There are also copper plates mounted on the surface.
Outer pipe the device provides the movement of fluid in the heating system. Inner pipe performs the function of circulating sanitary water.
In the heating mode, gases, burning, give off heat, which is delivered immediately to the coolant. When , work from hot water supply, the heat is directed first to the coolant, and only then to the circuit.
Attention! When using a bithermic heat exchanger for a residential area, the need to install a secondary heat exchanger and a three-code valve is completely eliminated. Due to this, the cost of the boiler is significantly reduced and its reliability is increased.
Of the shortcomings bithermic heat exchanger, the following can be distinguished:
- Limitation of heat transfer in DHW mode, due to which the volume of heated water is reduced, compared with other types of heat exchangers.
- It is not recommended to use this type of equipment in areas where the water is saturated with salts. main reason- very rapid deposition of salts due to a significant temperature difference.
Conclusion
The heat exchanger is one of the key elements of the heating system. Main function heat exchanger is the transfer of heat from the heater to the cold coolant.
Heat exchangers can be water or steam. The scope of their application is not limited to any particular area. They are actively used in power engineering, metallurgy, food and other industries, in heating, ventilation systems and in domestic conditions.
The principle of operation of the heat exchanger is the circulation of liquid in a closed space, which is the heat carrier. Choose a heat exchanger necessary, taking into account its purpose, operating conditions and the required heat exchange area.
To provide smooth operation device and increase its service life, it is necessary to carry out maintenance, cleaning and flushing of the unit in a timely manner.
Indirect heating boiler - find out what it is, the principle of operation and connection diagrams from the video:
An overview of the heating heat exchanger for the Daewoo MSC ICH 100 boiler, look at the video:
The shell-and-tube design, which the heat exchanger had, where the media moved towards each other through the tubes, is becoming a thing of the past. This very bulky device functioned quite efficiently, but was not able to boast of an impressive consumption of the heated medium. It was replaced by new units, which are high-speed plate heat exchangers.
general description
If you decide to equip hot water, a plate heat exchanger will help you with this. Structurally, the new units differ from the shell-and-tube predecessors. The base area of the exchange and thermal energy of the latter became larger due to the increase in the size of the coil, which led to more impressive dimensions of the device. In a new heat exchanger given goal achieved by increasing the number of plates of the same area. The design has the same power, but its dimensions are 3 times smaller compared to the shell-and-tube counterpart. In this case, the device is able to provide a greater flow of the heated medium. This includes water that is consumed for needs. This is what led to the emergence of the second name of the device, which sounds like a high-speed one. During installation DHW plate a heat exchanger must be used. If we are talking about the simplest design, then it will have nozzles that are located on two different sides of the device. Between the plates, which are on two guides, you can see a number of plates, between them is rubber compressor. In order to increase the exchange surface, each plate has a relief corrugation. It is noteworthy that the connecting pipes can also be located on one side of the unit, on the front plate, but this does not have any effect on the principle of operation of the heat exchanger.
Principle of operation
If you work on DHW installation, you will definitely need a plate heat exchanger. The principle of its operation is that the coolant gradually fills the space between the plates. This happens alternately with the heated medium. The shape of the gaskets determines the sequence of filling, in one section they provide a path for the flow of the coolant, while in the other - the heat absorber. The exchange of heat through the plates on both sides occurs during operation in each section, excluding the last one. Both media flow through the sections towards each other, as for the heating medium, it enters from above, and then exits through the lower pipe. If we are talking about a heated medium, then its path is directed in the opposite direction.
Main technical characteristics
If you decide to equip the hot water supply, you will absolutely need a plate heat exchanger. Gaskets and plates can be made from the most different materials, their choice will depend on the purpose of the device, since the scope of use of such heat exchangers is very wide. This article discusses heating systems, where they act as heat power equipment. If the plates are used for this area, they are made of stainless steel, while the gaskets are based on NBR or EPDM rubber. The first case concerns a stainless steel heat exchanger, which is able to operate with a coolant heated to 110 degrees. If we are talking about the second case, then the water can be heated up to 170 degrees.
For reference
These heat exchangers are used for various technological processes, in this case, alkalis, acids, oils and other media flow through them. At the same time, the plates are made of nickel, titanium and various alloys, as for the gaskets, asbestos, fluororubber and other materials are the basis.
Consumer reviews on the choice and calculation of the heat exchanger
Plate heat exchanger DHW systems must be selected and calculated using software. According to users, some basic parameters must be taken into account, including the initial temperature of the coolant, the required temperature for heating the liquid, and the flow rate of the heated medium. Water can act as a heating medium that will flow through a plate heat exchanger designed for hot water supply systems, its temperature reaches 95 or 115 degrees. If we are talking about steam, then its temperature reaches 180 degrees. This will depend on the type of boiler equipment used. Users emphasize that the size and number of plates should be selected in such a way that the water at the outlet acquires maximum temperature within 70 degrees or less.
Feedback on some of the advantages of the plate type heat exchanger
The plate heat exchanger for hot water, according to consumers, has many advantages. This is expressed not only in the ability to provide an impressive expense, but also in enough modest size. Among other things, the range of selectable exchange areas and consumption of the described unit is very wide. The smallest have a surface area of one square meter or more and are rated for 0.2 cubic meters liquids for 1 hour. The largest domestic hot water plate heat exchanger has a surface area of 2000 square meters, while the flow rate is 3600 cubic meters per hour.