Ammonia for garlic and onions: vegetables - top dressing, owners - science.

Onion, garlic: mistakes

Is the feather of garlic, onion turning yellow? The reason may be an onion fly, a nematode, a lack of nitrogen.
top dressing

• In early spring, after germination, you need to feed the garlic with nitrogen fertilizers (urea). Later - potassium chloride.
• Try feeding with superphosphate: 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate in a small amount of water, insist for 1-2 days and after watering, diluted with water, shed under the root. Or just after the rain, sprinkle 1 tbsp. superphosph. between the plants, dig in the ground and pour well again.
• Garlic and onions are very fond of high potassium content (kalimag, ash, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride). Garlic does not like fresh manure, and is quite picky about soil fertility. It is also useful to use local - zoned varieties (exotic varieties may not produce a crop at all). There are still winter and spring varieties of garlic, and if you mess it up, then the sprouts will indeed turn yellow and die.
• if the soil is strongly acidic, the garlic immediately reacts to the soil - it begins to turn yellow. From autumn, sprinkle the entire garden with fluffy lime before winter. Now sift all the garlic from a sieve or manually by eye wood ash and spill very profusely. After 4-5 days, water again and everything will be ok. Yellow leaves will remain, but it's not scary
• Buy metronidazole at a pharmacy and 4-5 tablets per bucket of water, my mother-in-law does this, I have never bought garlic
• BUT! You need to fertilize with nitrogen before the arrows appear. Pour late with nitrogen, nitrates may not accumulate, and garlic will not store well.

Nematode

• you can simply pour urea or nitrate on the bed, depending on the size, and fill it to the brim with water and then do not water the onion for 3-4 days for several days, this is done when it is attacked onion fly. Effective remedy! pour 1 Matchbox by 1 meter.
• plant velvet in rows around the dacha. And beautiful, and the nematode will disappear completely
• Plant winter garlic in holes sprinkled with ash, and then no one will start there.

onion fly
lays larvae in the uterine bulb in the spring, when the feathers are still young. Cold, literally ice water + a glass or two of salt per bucket of water helps.

Other

• One reason may be that garlic goes deep into the ground in winter and suffocates. You just need to remove the extra layer of earth from the garden.
• Garlic loves water very much - water directly from the bucket and everything will work out.
• Garlic is affected viral diseases, and usually the yellowing of the leaves is associated with a virus infection. If there is a strong yellowing, then it is unlikely that you can do anything. But if not quite yet, then you can somewhat stimulate growth with the help of top dressing. mineral fertilizers, primarily with saltpeter or other nitrogen-containing, as well as the introduction of trace elements
• a spoon blue vitriol in a big bucket cold water. See how great it helps!

AGROCOUNCIL
In order to get rid of the onion fly and prevent yellowing of the leaves of garlic and onions, not one, but several measures are needed, applied in combination. The first - if onions or garlic are planted before winter - early loosening and exposure of the upper part of the bulb. In spring there is a lot of moisture, the soil is cold and the bulbs can rot or "suffocate". second: watering after the first leaf appears with a solution of ammonia 2 tablespoons ammonia or 1-25% technical ammonia per 10 liters of water. There are 3 watering cans on a ridge 6 meters long. After watering, the earth is spilled with another 4-6 watering cans of clean water for better penetration into the lower layers of the soil. The amount of water depends on the dryness of the soil. Third: after 10-14 days, the second watering: with a solution table salt- 1 tablespoon with a slide for 1 liter of water. The technology is the same. After watering with salt - the strait clean water. fourth: after another 10 days - the third watering strong mortar potassium permanganate using the same technology. What gives? The first watering kills the eggs of the onion fly, because ammonia is a poison for animals and additional nitrogen fertilizer for plants. The fly cannot get to the root collar of the base of the bulb and lays eggs on the upper covering bowls (it attracts the smell, which is why they are still exposed so that they dry out as quickly as possible) or on humus, which we usually mulch onions, garlic. Salt - kills the larvae, they just hit the base of the bulb, penetrating into it. Salt dries out their delicate skin. And potassium permanganate acts as an oxidizing agent on pupae and larvae that still remain in the ground. Thus, by combining watering and complex anti-fly treatment, you can get healthy and strong garlic. I agree with Margarita Ivanovna that if it is too late to feed the garlic with nitrogen, it will lie badly. Can be used for summer top dressing under the root complex fertilizer type of nitrophoska, containing a large mass fraction potassium for bulb development and phosphorus. To revitalize the leaves - foliar top dressing urea: 1 faceted stack per bucket and spray over the leaves. Look carefully: are there white filamentous passages on the leaves - the work of onion fly larvae. If there is, tear off the affected leaves and burn. Of course, you can treat the leaves with an insecticide, but do not expect the larvae inside a strong effect. If there is tobacco dust, you can mix with red ground pepper and sprinkle garlic or onions after spraying with urea.

" Garlic

Often, for the cultivation of garlic, a technology is used that provides for planting before winter. But the harvest does not always live up to expectations, which is due to non-compliance with the bait schedule. Although the culture is considered unpretentious, it requires some attention, especially in matters of fertilization at the beginning of the season, in anticipation of a period of increased growth. You need to know how to feed a vegetable in the spring, planted before winter.

In addition to chemistry, you can fertilize winter garlic with folk remedies - yeast, chicken manure etc. Spring and winter garlic need different dressings in open ground. Also, seedlings in May and April must be properly cared for.

Garlic after waking up needs a good stimulant, which makes it possible for young shoots to get stronger and resist diseases and pests. The vegetative period on nutritious soil enriched with microelements useful for the plant proceeds faster, which ensures a good harvest.

A well-groomed culture develops better, because when it matures, it selects from the soil all the nutrients that are necessary for normal vegetation.

On a devastated site, it will not be possible to collect high-quality root crops if you do not water with dressings and fertilize properly. This means that at best it will be possible to dig out small heads with fine teeth from the ground. In addition to underdeveloped sizes, the fruits have low quality taste.

Spring bait is characterized by the activation of plant growth, so it is appropriate to use nitrogen fertilizers. Phosphorus and potassium supplements are also necessary for the vegetative process. The introduction of organics or minerals strengthens the immunity of garlic to various diseases especially fungal.

Diseases and pests affect, first of all, weak shoots, so you should not ignore the schedule for processing the beds.

Despite the usefulness of fertilizers, don't abuse them. An excess of nutrients provokes the growth of tops, and the heads are obtained small sizes with poor taste.

What can you feed in the spring

In addition to the planned introduction of fertilizers, when growing garlic, top dressing is used. About the need for it prompts self plants.

Young shoots may turn yellow or become sluggish. It is necessary to carefully study the symptoms, because the signs of a lack of trace elements are sometimes similar to a nematode and other diseases.

IN spring period gardeners feed garlic thrice. The first procedure is carried out immediately after the snow melts. At this time, the plant is deficient in minerals necessary for vegetation. The second complementary foods should be introduced no earlier than 2 weeks.

The exact timing and composition of the nutrient mixture are determined depending on the degree of plant formation and characteristic features.

• Beds with drying plants are fertilized ammonium nitrate.
• When lightening feathers are used potash bait. Before watering, you can sprinkle the soil with wood ash.
• Greens may turn yellow due to acidification of the soil. In such cases, before planting, the soil is enriched dolomite flour or crushed limestone.
• Slow green growth indicates nutritional deficiencies. Solutions are used as top dressing: based on urea (1 tablespoon per bucket of water), mullein (1 cup per 10 liters of water) or bird droppings (1 tablespoon per bucket of water).

Wood ash for garlic is both a prophylactic against diseases and a source of nutrition.

When to Fertilize for a Good Harvest

An important point in the cultivation of winter varieties of garlic is soil fertilization before planting. From quality preparatory work depend spring work on the beds.

• As soon as the snow melts, you can plan the first bait. This period occurs in every region in different time, so you need to focus on the established positive daily temperature.
• The second stage of soil enrichment useful substances performed two weeks after the first feeding. During ripening, the root crop pulls all the nutrients from the soil, so it is not worth shifting the fertilizer schedule.
• The third bait (mid-end of June) falls during the formation of the head, which is important for a good harvest.
• Additional bait is introduced only if there are signs of micronutrient deficiency on the plant.

The third bait must be applied strictly during the formation of the head. If the procedure is performed before mid-June, then all trace elements will be spent on the development of feathers and arrows.

What to feed outdoors

Before planting garlic(for a week or two) in autumn, the soil is pre-enriched with a nutrient mixture, which consists of organic matter or mineral fertilizers.

Organic fertilizers and folk remedies

The plant responds best to organic top dressing, which is due big amount humus in the soil and rich in composition. Often, on non-depleted soils, one, but full-fledged fertilizer in the fall is enough to provide the crop during the growing season with all the necessary trace elements.

One of the popular supplements is manure. It is scattered over the beds and carefully dug up. Some gardeners increase fertility with fresh manure, but experts advise against using this method. Also warn against using bird droppings in large quantities, this can simply burn the shoots.

With the onset of spring, it is necessary to direct efforts to stimulate crop growth. For this purpose, a solution is prepared from 7 parts of water and 1 part of mullein. The resulting composition is watered with beds, trying not to affect the broken greens.

It will be appropriate to apply to enrich the soil compost. In principle, any will do, but garlic responds well to fertilizer from food waste.

Among other complementary foods, time-tested:

• wood ash (sprinkled between the beds or watered with a solution based on water 10 l and ash 200 gr.);
• salt (watered with a solution prepared from 10 liters of water and 3 tablespoons of salt);
• ammonia (spray the plants with a composition based on 25 ml of ammonia and a bucket of water).

mineral

Mineral based supplements are used alone and in combination with organic.

As practice shows, many areas are significantly depleted from annual exploitation.

It is not always possible to replenish the balance of nutritional components with organic matter alone. Moreover, there is another factor that affects the yield - the climatic features of the region.

Consumption rates depends on soil fertility, therefore, in each individual case, it is necessary to calculate individually.

The most popular super popular are such mineral supplements:

• carbamide (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water);
• nitroammophoska (60 gr. per 10 liters of water);
• superphosphate (50-60 gr per bucket of water);
• urea (1 tablespoon per bucket of water);
• nitrophoska (2 tablespoons per bucket of water).

Some components appropriate to connect to get more effective remedy . For example, nitrogen introduced into the soil along with phosphorus (proportions 1: 1.5) contributes to the development of greenery and the accumulation of nutrients in the head.

After watering or rain, it is appropriate to sprinkle the beds with a dry mixture, which includes: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (proportions 8:15:35).

When determining the amount and composition of fertilizers, important factors should be considered:

• the degree of soil fertility, its acidification;
• climate (precipitation, probability of spring frosts);
• area illumination;
• what crops were grown before garlic (the advantage should be given to such predecessors as zucchini, cereals, squash);
• features of the crop variety (maturing period, preferred conditions for the growing season).

Scheme of feeding garlic

Garlic planted before winter gives the first shoots in spring. In order for the vegetative process to proceed without disturbances in the summer, it is recommended to process and introduce top dressing. 3 times. The schedule is drawn up taking into account the following rules.

1. Excessive moisture for an early culture is considered dangerous, so you need to introduce the first complementary foods. combined with irrigation. To activate the growth and development of shoots, urea or carbamide is ideal. In order to prepare a solution, it is enough to dilute a tablespoon of fertilizer in 10 liters of water.
2. The second time to feed the plants 2 weeks after the first treatment. Water (9 l) and 2 incomplete spoons of nitrophoska or nitroammophoska are used as a working solution. The norm of fertilizer beds is 4 liters per 1 m2.
3. The third top dressing is aimed at stimulating the growth of heads, therefore, it is introduced during the formation of root crops - mid-late June. Superphosphate is used as food (2 tablespoons of the product are taken for 10 liters of water). The consumption rate is 4-5 liters per 1 m2.

As an additional nutrition, you can use the method of spraying young shoots with special compounds.

This method refers to foliar feeding, therefore, during the preparation of a product from mineral components, it should be taken into account that the consumption rate should be halved. Spraying is often combined with the usual watering of beds.

It is worth remembering that the rate of fluid per bush should not change due to the use of a special solution.

What fertilizers should not be used to process

Enriching the soil for better plant maturation does not mean using everything. Each crop responds better to a particular type of fertilizer.

So garlic perceives organic matter well, but it will be extremely difficult to cope with fresh manure. Therefore, rotted mass is used for fertilizers.

Experienced gardeners recommend combine organic nutrition with minerals. Otherwise, from an overabundance of natural humus planting material will rot in the ground, or the harvest will not differ long term storage.

When choosing mineral bait, you should pay attention to the period of their use. Nitrogen-containing are relevant only during the development of the feather part. When forming the head, such nutrition will be inappropriate.

Compliance with the bait regime and consumption rate guarantees the production of large root crops. And the grown crop throughout the cold season will complement its aroma and taste different dishes and fight pathogenic bacteria.

Only a novice vegetable grower thinks that growing winter garlic is not difficult. The understanding that garlic, like onions, needs top dressing in spring comes after the first failures. There are many subtleties you need to know about growing these crops to get a good harvest.

Benefits of autumn sowing

Garlic planted in autumn is called winter garlic. This is a separate arrowing species, it differs from the spring one by the presence of a thick stem around which an even number of teeth (6-10) are attached, covered with dense scales. The spring culture does not have a stem or it is very thin, the teeth are smaller and covered with thin scales.

Beds with winter crop easy to recognize by arrows with bulbs. Summer residents, who do not forget about the spring top dressing of garlic and onion sets, have high and powerful arrows. The main difference between the winter culture is two methods of reproduction:

• bulbs;
• teeth.

Important! Select the largest cloves for sowing. The use of small slices will lead to the gradual degeneration of the culture. For onion sets, the size requirements are different - a diameter of 1 to 3 cm.

Not everyone practices autumn onion planting, preferring traditional spring sowing. landing principles and spring feeding winter garlic and onions are similar. At autumn planting we have undeniable advantages. Both bulbous crops planted before winter are much less likely to get sick.

Winter onions are not afraid of the onion fly. She cannot lay her larvae in the bottom of the bulbous head, since it is already protected by roots.

How to grow large vegetables

Knowing the soil structure in the garden, you can grow large heads of onions and garlic. For example, onions do not like clay soil, and it is exactly like that in your area. It doesn't matter, you can change its structure by adding peat and sand when digging. Still don't like onion or garlic acidic soils, so in the fall, preparing the ridge, you need to add dolomite flour to the soil.

In the summer, be sure to mulch the beds. Part of the mulch will overheat over the summer. The remaining mulch must be embedded in the soil, it will overheat during the season, and will naturally, without additional investments, increase soil fertility.

Disinfection of bulbs with manganese or peroxide before planting is another guarantee of a good harvest. Most gardeners prefer potassium permanganate, dilute some manganese crystals in warm water and soak the planting material for 30 minutes.

This time is enough to kill fungi and other harmful microorganisms that live on the husk. The right neighbors help from pests. For onions and garlic, it's carrots. In the spring or before winter, we sow carrots on the neighboring ridge, it will scare away the onion fly.

Important! If you want large heads, don't go overboard with nitrogen fertilizers, if you use too much, you'll have great feathers and small bulbs.

Spring dressing - required condition for getting large heads. What to choose for the first feeding, each gardener decides on his own, the main thing is to carry it out on time and not violate the recommended proportions. The benefits will be both from feeding onions and garlic in the spring with folk remedies, and from mineral fertilizers.

First feeding with urea

The snow melted a week ago, arrows appeared from the ground - which means it's time to feed onions and garlic in the spring, you can use chemistry. Its use will not affect the ecological purity of vegetables. In the spring we will use urea. It is a highly water-soluble nitrogen-containing mineral fertilizer.

The solution is easy to prepare. In a bucket (10 l) pour 1 tbsp. l fertilizer, let stand for a while and then mix. The crystals must completely dissolve in water. Before pouring fertilizer, you need to walk along the ridges and slightly loosen the earth around each bulb.

Water loosened soil. With a Fokin flat cutter, walk along the aisles so that the fertilizer does not evaporate, scoop up a little earth on the watered areas of the soil. Second spring feeding winter garlic and onions should be carried out with a complex mineral fertilizer for onions and garlic from the Fasco company.

Advice! Heads store better if potassium sulphate is used during the third top dressing.

The second spring dressing of garlic and onions will be carried out 2 weeks after the first. The third top dressing is summer, it will be needed when the heads begin to form. At this time, bulbous crops require phosphorus, so we will use superphosphate - a popular mineral fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

Feeding with chicken manure

Chicken manure is perfect for spring top dressing of winter garlic and onions. About a month before the work, they begin to prepare a liquid biofertilizer based on chicken manure. Step by step description cooking process:

• take a container with a volume of 50 l;
• 1/3 of the total volume is covered with dry chicken manure;
• fill the barrel to the top with water;
• times 2-3 liquid fertilizer mix well.

The height of the arrows onion sets of 10-15 cm serves as a signal that spring fertilizer not prevent. For garlic many experienced gardeners 7 days are taken as a countdown after the snow has melted. We check the moisture content of the soil, if there has not been rain for a long time in the spring, we water the beds well. Moist soil is the first requirement.

Loose soil - the second prerequisite proper feeding winter garlic and onions in the spring. Aisles can be loosened with any convenient tool:

• mini chopper;
• ripper;
• flat cutter.

Loose earth does not prevent the nutrient solution from flowing to the bulbs, the food is complete, without loss, the fertilizer is evenly distributed over the entire area of ​​​​the ridge. A heterogeneous distribution of the liquid mixture is obtained by those who are too lazy to loosen and apply fertilizers for garlic and onions in the spring along the crust. Some bulbs get more nutrients, others less.

Comment! The size of the heads depends on the presence of phosphorus in the soil. With its deficiency, the bulbs will be small.

There are two requirements for water for irrigation: it must be warm and settled. In the barrel, we have concentrated liquid fertilizer ready. It must be diluted with water before use. For a 10 liter watering can, 1 liter of liquid chicken manure is enough.

We remove the diffuser from the watering can and carefully pour fertilizer into each aisle. Approximate consumption for 1 m 2 - 1 watering can. You need to put a sprayer on the watering can when you have finished feeding the winter onions and garlic in the spring, and pour the onion (garlic) over the feather. The water will wash away the fertilizer from the feather, it will not sunburn. The next day, you need not be too lazy and once again loosen the aisles.

Terms of application of biofertilizer

Experienced gardeners say that onions are better to underfeed than overfeed. If you follow this motto, then for the full development of these crops, two top dressings per season with liquid chicken manure are enough:

• for the first time we feed onions - the length of the feather is from 10 to 15 cm;
• for the first time we feed the garlic - from 7 to 10 days after the snow has completely melted;
• the second time - will pass from 2 to 3 weeks after the first feeding.

After applying organic fertilizer, you do not need to apply chemicals, such as urea, superphosphate.

Use of ammonia

Gardeners combine spring dressing of garlic and onions with folk remedies with in original ways landing. One of these effective methods- planting onion and garlic in autumn on green manure. During planting, the height of green manure should be 20-25 cm. When the snow falls, they are not removed, by this time they reach a height of 30-40 cm.

Important! Harvest bulb crops on time. Heads assembled late are stored worse. Do not forget harvested crop dry in the fresh air.

You can sow a mixture under onions and garlic:

• oats;
• mustard;
• wiki.

In the spring, green manure will cover the soil with a layer of mulch, it will protect the earth from drying out. Green manure roots will make the earth loose and soft.

Feather yellowing − common problem when growing onions and garlic. The reasons are different:

• night frosts;
• lack of nitrogen;
• pests.

If the feather turns yellow after frost, use hydrogen peroxide as spring dressing for garlic and onions. A solution for processing on a sheet is prepared from 1 liter of water and 2 tbsp. l hydrogen peroxide. Feather after spraying quickly recovers from frostbite.

With a lack of nitrogen, top dressing of onions and garlic in the spring with ammonia can help. Ammonia contains nitrogen in a form convenient for assimilation. For plants to learn nutrients, the air temperature must be at least 10°C.

The solution is prepared in the following proportion:

• 10 l; water;
• 2 tbsp. l ammonia.

Feed only on moist soil. It remains to consider the third reason for the yellowing of the feather in the spring - pests. There are two main enemies: the onion fly and its larvae, and the secretive proboscis. And ammonia will help again. Prepare the solution in the same proportions, process every 10 days, total number processing - 3.

Be sure to watch an informative video on the use of hydrogen peroxide and ammonia during spring care for onions and garlic.

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Multi-component complex fertilizer intended for the main feeding of onions, garlic, grown traditional method and in greenhouses. Promotes the formation quality bulb, increases mass and taste qualities products. The additional Rubin 3 complex, which is part of the fertilizer, strengthens the immune system and stimulates plant growth, and ensures the prevention of dangerous diseases.

Instructions for use

Main application

Apply fertilizer when digging (in spring), form ridges. Consumption: 85g per 1 m2. Foliar treatments are carried out with the preparation "Rubin 3" in the morning or evening hours, in cloudy, calm weather. Top dressing should be alternated (package No. 1, package No. 2) with a 1-2 day break. More detailed instructions see inside package.

Precautionary measures

During work, observe the rules of safety and personal hygiene, use rubber gloves.

Wash hands with soap after work. In case of contact with skin, wash off with soap and water. In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water. In case of poisoning, drink several glasses of water, induce vomiting, consult a doctor if necessary.

Keep out of the reach of children and animals, away from food, medicines and chemical substances(especially combustible), in closed dry rooms, excluding the ingress of precipitation and groundwater.

Warranty period of storage: 3 years.

Agrochemical shelf life: unlimited.

Fire and explosion proof. Hazard class - III.

For early and bountiful harvests some rules must be observed:

Onion

Planting sites for onions and garlic must be changed every year. Onions are good to plant after cabbage, tomatoes. To form a bed for onions in the direction from north to south.

Seeds and sets of onions are planted in May. Seeds are soaked for a day in water with a solution of "BioMaster-Universal" 20 ml per 1 liter.

When planting onion seeds, a distance of 20 cm is made between the rows, the seeds are sown at a distance of 5 cm between each other and planted to a depth of 2 cm.

When planting onion sets, the distance between rows is 25-30 cm, and between seedlings - 12 cm. Onions are planted to a depth of 2-2.5 cm.

Care: loosening and removal of weeds is necessary every 2 weeks. watering during active growth, during the ripening of the bulbs is not needed. They are harvested in early August when the feather is lodging.

Garlic

Spring garlic is planted at the end of April. Planting depth up to 2-3 cm.

Winter garlic is planted in the fall - in the second half of September. Planting depth up to 3-4 cm.

Garlic cloves are planted with a distance between rows of 20 cm, between cloves - 5-8 cm, to a depth of 3-4 cm. From the top, the bed is mulched with humus.

Arrows from garlic should be removed to get larger heads.

Leaving: loosening, removal of weeds. Watering is necessary during active growth, during the ripening of the bulbs - not needed. Garlic is harvested when the lower leaves turn yellow, in late July - early August.

Immunostimulating prophylactic complex "Rubin 3" for onion and garlic

Package 1

Complex of essential trace elements for 3 feedings

Growth stimulant and immune support

Dilute 3 g of the drug in 3 liters of water, mix until completely dissolved, pour into a spray bottle, fertilize plants. Consumption: per 12m² of usable area.

1 teaspoon holds 4g of dry fertilizer. Use the solution within a day.

Package 2

Strengthening immunity, prevention of yellowing of leaves and gray neck rot

Dilute the drug at a dose of 8.5 g in 1 liter of warm boiled water, dissolve, pour into a sprayer, process plants.

Application

Single treatment: during the spring regrowth of the vegetative mass. Spend in the morning or evening hours, in cloudy, calm weather. Consumption: 1l per 12m².

Use the solution within a day.