Individual and central heating point. Thermal points: device, work, scheme, equipment

Thermal substation (TP)- a complex of devices located in a separate room, consisting of elements of thermal power plants that ensure the connection of these plants to the heating network, their operability, control of heat consumption modes, transformation, regulation of coolant parameters and distribution of coolant by type of consumption.

Purpose of heat points:

• conversion of the type of coolant or its parameters;
• control of coolant parameters;
• accounting for thermal loads, coolant and condensate flow rates;
• regulation of heat carrier flow and distribution to heat consumption systems (through distribution networks in central heating stations or directly to ITP systems);
• protection of local systems from emergency increase in coolant parameters;
• filling and make-up of heat consumption systems;
• collection, cooling, return of condensate and control of its quality;
• heat storage;
• water treatment for hot water systems.

In a thermal point, depending on its purpose and local conditions, all of the listed activities or only part of them can be carried out. Devices for monitoring the parameters of the coolant and accounting for heat consumption should be provided in all heating points.

The input ITP device is mandatory for each building, regardless of the presence of the central heating point, while the ITP provides only for those measures that are necessary for connecting this building and are not provided for in the central heating point.

In closed and open systems heat supply, the need for a central heating station for residential and public buildings must be substantiated by technical and economic calculations.

Types of heat points

TPs differ in the number and type of heat consumption systems connected to them, individual characteristics which determine the thermal scheme and characteristics of the equipment of the transformer substation, as well as by the type of installation and features of the placement of equipment in the room of the transformer substation.

Distinguish the following types thermal points:

• . It is used to serve one consumer (building or part of it). Usually located in the basement or technical room building, however, due to the characteristics of the serviced building, it can be placed in a separate building.
• Central heating point (CHP). It is used to serve a group of consumers (buildings, industrial facilities). Most often located in a separate building, but can be placed in the basement or technical room of one of the buildings.
• . It is manufactured in the factory and supplied for installation in the form of ready-made blocks. It may consist of one or more blocks. The equipment of the blocks is mounted very compactly, as a rule, on one frame. Usually used when you need to save space, in cramped conditions. By the nature and number of connected consumers, the BTP can refer to both ITP and CHP.

Central and individual heating points

Central heating point (CTP) makes it possible to concentrate all the most expensive equipment that requires systematic and qualified monitoring in separate buildings that are convenient for maintenance and, thanks to this, significantly simplify subsequent individual heating points (ITP) in buildings. Public buildings located in residential areas - schools, children's institutions should have independent ITP equipped with regulators. Central heating centers should be located on the borders of microdistricts (quarters) between the main, distribution networks and quarterly.

With a water coolant, the equipment of heat points consists of circulation (network) pumps, water-to-water heat exchangers, batteries hot water, booster pumps, devices for regulating and monitoring the parameters of the coolant, devices and devices for protecting against corrosion and scale formation of local hot water supply installations, devices for metering heat consumption, as well as automatic devices to control the heat supply and maintain the specified parameters of the coolant in subscriber units.

Schematic diagram of a heat point

Heating substation scheme depends, on the one hand, on the characteristics of thermal energy consumers served by the heating point, on the other hand, on the characteristics of the source supplying thermal energy to the heat substation. Further, as the most common, TP is considered with a closed hot water supply system and an independent scheme for connecting the heating system.

The heat carrier entering the TP through the supply pipeline of the heat input gives off its heat in the heaters of the hot water and heating systems, and also enters the consumer ventilation system, after which it returns to the return pipeline of the heat input and is sent back to the heat generating enterprise through the main networks for reuse. Part of the coolant can be consumed by the consumer. To make up for losses in the primary heat networks at boiler houses and CHPPs, there are make-up systems, the sources of heat carrier for which are the water treatment systems of these enterprises.

Tap water entering the TP passes through the cold water pumps, after which part cold water is sent to consumers, and the other part is heated in the DHW first stage heater and enters the DHW circulation circuit. In the circulation circuit, water with the help of circulation pumps hot water supply moves in a circle from the TP to consumers and back, and consumers take water from the circuit as needed. When circulating around the circuit, the water gradually gives off its heat and in order to maintain the water temperature at a given level, it is constantly heated in the heater of the second DHW stage.

The heating system is also closed loop, through which the coolant moves with the help of heating circulation pumps from the heating substation to the heating system of buildings and vice versa. During operation, leakage of the coolant from the circuit of the heating system may occur. To make up for losses, the heating substation feed system is used, using primary heat carriers as a source of heat carrier. heating network.

Heat points industrial enterprises

An industrial enterprise should, as a rule, have one central heating point (CHP) for registration, accounting and distribution of the heat carrier received from the heating network. Quantity and placement secondary (workshop) heating points (ITP) is determined by the size and mutual placement of individual workshops of the enterprise. The central heating station of the enterprise should be located in a separate room; at large enterprises, especially when receiving steam in addition to hot water, - in an independent building.

An enterprise can have workshops with a homogeneous nature of internal heat release ( specific gravity in the total load), and with different ones. In the first case temperature regime of all buildings is determined in the central heating point, in the second - different and installed on the ITP. temperature graph for industrial enterprises should differ from the domestic one, according to which urban heating networks usually operate. To adjust the temperature regime in the heating points of enterprises, mixing pumps should be installed, which, with the uniformity of the nature of heat emissions in the shops, can be installed in one central heating station, in the absence of uniformity - in the ITP.

The design of thermal systems of industrial enterprises should be carried out with the obligatory use of secondary energy resources, which are understood as:

• hot gases from furnaces;
• products technological processes(heated ingots, slags, red-hot coke, etc.);
• low-temperature energy resources in the form of exhaust steam, hot water from various cooling devices and industrial heat generation.

For heat supply, energy resources of the third group are usually used, which have temperatures ranging from 40 to 130°C. It is preferable to use them for DHW needs, since this load has a year-round character.

Our company offers a range of services for the design and installation of ITP, the price of which is shown on this page in the price tables.

We have been building automated individual and central heating stations at a reasonable price for over 14 years.

The cost of construction of the central heating station (ITP) is formed from two main components:

• project cost;
• installation price.

The final price of ITP depends on various factors, among which:

In a commercial offer for the installation of a central heating substation, the price can be indicated in detail, where the cost of work without material and the price of the recommended ITP equipment.

Upon completion of the construction of the heating point, we draw up a complete package of documentation and submit it to the relevant supervisory authorities.

ITP cost for apartment building includes the delivery of ITP to MIPC and is also included in the cost of installation work.

The cost of the project ITP, TsTP

The price of designing a heat point depends on the number and type of incoming systems:

• heating system (OT);
• hot water supply system (DHW);
• ventilation system (VK).

The cost of designing an ITP or TsTP in our company includes the approval of the design of a heating point in the supervisory authorities - MOEK, Rostekhnadzor, etc.

Get a discount of up to 30% on the ITP or TsTP project when ordering construction and installation works at the same time

The price of designing a heat point includes:

The project consists of the following sections:

• thermal mechanics (section TM, TS);
• electrical equipment and lighting (section EOM, EO, EM);
• automation (section of automatic telephone exchange, ATM);
• thermal energy metering unit (section ATS-UUTE).

Information for calculating the cost of designing ITP (TsTP)

• specifications;
• technical task;
• load of heat-consuming systems (download the questionnaire to fill out).

Send them to us and our specialist will prepare for you offer.

The cost of installation of ITP, TsTP

The cost of works does not include the price of the heat substation project. The project is ordered separately or provided by you. Please note that the construction of a heat point is possible only according to an agreed project.

Here are the prices for the installation of ITP in Moscow and the Moscow region. For regions, the cost of construction of an ITP (CTP) is calculated individually, depending on the conditions and the region where the work is performed.

Please note that the cost of construction separate building heating point is not included in the installation cost.

The calculation of the cost of ITP includes:

• supply of materials and equipment;
• installation of thermal mechanical equipment;
• installation of electrical equipment;
• installation of automation;
• commissioning works;
• submission to supervisory authorities.

The functional diagram of a standard ITP includes an independent heating system and a hot water supply system.

Information for calculating the price of installation of ITP (CTP)

Only one document is required as initial data:

• approved design of the heating point.

You can specify preferences for ITP equipment manufacturers and the required price category.

Cost of maintenance of ITP, TsTP

The monthly cost of maintaining a heat point depends on the heat load and the technological equipment of the heat point.

The price or CHP ordered from us quickly pays off due to the optimal setting of the equipment operation mode by our personnel with rich operating experience. Your costs for thermal energy will be reduced, and the microclimate of the premises will become more comfortable.

As part of the service maintenance of ITP we undertake the necessary interaction with the heat supply organization.

The price of ITP maintenance includes:

Compliance with standard operating procedures, as well as:

• preparation for the heating season;
• washing and sorting if necessary;
• automation maintenance and adjustment optimal mode;
• maintenance of the heat energy metering unit;
• free replacement of consumables;

Information for calculating the cost of maintaining a heat point

Prepare the following documents:

• functional diagram of the heat point;
• design documentation for the heat point.

Send them to us and our specialist will prepare a commercial offer for you. Together with the maintenance cost estimate, you will receive a detailed list of works.

Individual is a whole complex of devices located in a separate room, including elements thermal equipment. It provides connection to the heating network of these installations, their transformation, control of heat consumption modes, operability, distribution by types of heat carrier consumption and regulation of its parameters.

Heating point individual

A thermal installation that deals with or of its individual parts is an individual heating point, or abbreviated ITP. It is intended to provide hot water supply, ventilation and heat to residential buildings, housing and communal services, as well as industrial complexes.

For its operation, it will be necessary to connect to the water and heat system, as well as the power supply necessary to activate the circulation pumping equipment.

The small individual substation can be used in a single-family house or a small building connected directly to centralized network heat supply. Such equipment is designed for space heating and water heating.

A large individual heating point is engaged in the maintenance of large or multi-apartment buildings. Its power ranges from 50 kW to 2 MW.

Main tasks

The individual heat point provides the following tasks:

• Accounting for heat and coolant consumption.
• Protection of the heat supply system from an emergency increase in the parameters of the coolant.
• Shutdown of the heat consumption system.
• Uniform distribution of the coolant throughout the heat consumption system.
• Adjustment and control of parameters of the circulating liquid.
• Converting the type of coolant.

Advantages

• High economy.
• Long-term operation of an individual heating point has shown that modern equipment of this type, unlike other non-automated processes, consumes 30% less
• Operating costs are reduced by about 40-60%.
• The choice of the optimal mode of heat consumption and precise adjustment will reduce the loss of thermal energy by up to 15%.
• Silent operation.
• Compactness.
• The overall dimensions of modern heat points are directly related to the heat load. With compact placement, an individual heating point with a load of up to 2 Gcal / h occupies an area of ​​25-30 m 2.
• Possibility of location this device in the basement small spaces(both in existing and newly constructed buildings).
• The work process is fully automated.
• Highly qualified personnel are not required to service this thermal equipment.
• ITP (individual heating point) provides indoor comfort and guarantees effective energy saving.
• The ability to set the mode, focusing on the time of day, the use of the weekend and holiday, as well as carrying out weather compensation.
• Individual production depending on the requirements of the customer.

Thermal energy accounting

The basis of energy saving measures is the metering device. This accounting is required to perform calculations for the amount of consumed thermal energy between the heat supply company and the subscriber. After all, very often the estimated consumption is much higher than the actual one due to the fact that when calculating the load, heat energy suppliers overestimate their values, referring to additional costs. Such situations will be avoided by installing metering devices.

Appointment of metering devices

• Ensuring fair financial settlements between consumers and suppliers of energy resources.
• Documentation of heating system parameters such as pressure, temperature and flow rate.
• Control for rational use power systems.
• Control over the hydraulic and thermal regime of the heat consumption and heat supply system.

The classic scheme of the meter

• Thermal energy counter.
• Pressure gauge.
• Thermometer.
• Thermal converter in the return and supply pipeline.
• Primary flow converter.
• Mesh-magnetic filter.

Service

• Connecting a reader and then taking readings.
• Analysis of errors and finding out the reasons for their occurrence.
• Checking the integrity of seals.
• Analysis of results.
• Checking technological indicators, as well as comparing the readings of thermometers on the supply and return pipelines.
• Adding oil to the sleeves, cleaning the filters, checking the ground contacts.
• Removal of dirt and dust.
• Recommendations for correct operation internal heating networks.

Heating substation scheme

AT classical scheme ITP includes the following nodes:

• Entering the heating network.
• Metering device.
• Connecting the ventilation system.
• Heating system connection.
• Hot water connection.
• Coordination of pressures between heat consumption and heat supply systems.
• Make-up connected via dependent schema heating and ventilation systems.

When developing a project for a heating point, the obligatory nodes are:

• Metering device.
• Pressure matching.
• Entering the heating network.

Completion with other nodes, as well as their number is selected depending on the design solution.

Consumption systems

The standard scheme of an individual heat point can have the following systems providing thermal energy to consumers:

• Heating.
• Hot water supply.
• Heating and hot water supply.
• Heating and ventilation.

ITP for heating

ITP (individual heating point) - an independent scheme, with the installation of a plate heat exchanger, which is designed for 100% load. Installation of the double pump compensating losses of level of pressure is provided. The heating system is fed from the return pipeline of the heating networks.

This heating point can be additionally equipped with a hot water supply unit, a metering device, as well as other necessary units and assemblies.

ITP for hot water supply

ITP (individual heating point) - an independent, parallel and single-stage scheme. The package includes two plate-type heat exchangers, each of them is designed for 50% of the load. There is also a group of pumps designed to compensate for pressure drops.

Additionally, the heating point can be equipped with a heating system unit, a metering device and other necessary units and assemblies.

ITP for heating and hot water

In this case, the operation of an individual heating point (ITP) is organized according to an independent scheme. For the heating system, a plate heat exchanger is provided, which is designed for 100% load. The hot water supply scheme is independent, two-stage, with two plate-type heat exchangers. In order to compensate for the decrease in the pressure level, a group of pumps is provided.

The heating system is fed with the help of appropriate pumping equipment from the return pipeline of heating networks. The hot water supply is fed from the cold water supply system.

In addition, ITP (individual heating point) is equipped with a metering device.

ITP for heating, hot water supply and ventilation

The connection of the thermal installation is carried out according to an independent scheme. For heating and ventilation system a plate heat exchanger is used, designed for 100% load. The hot water supply scheme is independent, parallel, single-stage, with two plate heat exchangers, each designed for 50% of the load. The pressure drop is compensated by a group of pumps.

The heating system is fed from the return pipe of the heating networks. The hot water supply is fed from the cold water supply system.

Additionally, an individual heating point in apartment building can be equipped with a meter.

Principle of operation

The scheme of the heat point directly depends on the characteristics of the source supplying energy to the ITP, as well as on the characteristics of the consumers it serves. The most common for this thermal installation is a closed hot water supply system with the heating system connected according to an independent circuit.

An individual heating point has the following principle of operation:

• Through the supply pipeline, the coolant enters the ITP, gives off heat to the heaters of the heating and hot water supply systems, and also enters the ventilation system.
• Then the coolant is sent to the return pipeline and flows back through the main network for reuse to the heat generating enterprise.
• A certain amount of coolant can be consumed by consumers. To make up for losses at the heat source, CHPPs and boiler houses are provided with make-up systems, which use the water treatment systems of these enterprises as a heat source.
• Incoming in thermal plant tap water flows through pump equipment cold water systems. Then some of its volume is delivered to consumers, the other is heated in the first stage hot water heater, after which it is sent to the hot water circulation circuit.
• Water in the circulation circuit by means of circulation pumping equipment for hot water supply moves in a circle from the heat point to consumers and back. At the same time, as necessary, consumers take water from the circuit.
• As the fluid circulates around the circuit, it gradually releases its own heat. To keep on optimal level temperature of the coolant, it is regularly heated in the second stage of the hot water heater.
• The heating system is also a closed circuit, along which the coolant moves with the help of circulation pumps from the heat point to consumers and back.
• During operation, leakage of coolant from the heating circuit may occur. Compensation for losses is carried out by the ITP make-up system, which uses primary heating networks as a heat source.

Admission to operation

In order to prepare an individual heating point in a house for admission to operation, it is necessary to submit the following list of documents to Energonadzor:

• The current technical conditions for connection and a certificate of their implementation from the energy supply organization.
• Project documentation with all necessary approvals.
• The act of responsibility of the parties for the operation and separation of the balance sheet, drawn up by the consumer and representatives of the energy supply organization.
• The act of readiness for permanent or temporary operation of the subscriber branch of the heating point.
• ITP passport with brief description heating systems.
• Certificate of readiness for operation of the heat energy meter.
• Certificate of conclusion of an agreement with an energy supply organization for heat supply.
• The act of acceptance of the work performed (indicating the license number and the date of its issue) between the consumer and installation organization.
• faces for safe operation and good condition of thermal installations and heating networks.
• List of operational and operational-repair responsible persons maintenance of heating networks and thermal installations.
• A copy of the welder's certificate.
• Certificates for used electrodes and pipelines.
• Acts for hidden work, an executive diagram of a heat point indicating the numbering of fittings, as well as diagrams of pipelines and valves.
• Act for flushing and pressure testing of systems (heating networks, heating system and hot water system).
• Officials and safety precautions.
• Operating Instructions.
• Certificate of admission to the operation of networks and installations.
• Log book for instrumentation, issuance of work permits, operational, accounting for defects identified during the inspection of installations and networks, testing knowledge, as well as briefings.
• Outfit from heating networks for connection.

Safety precautions and operation

The personnel serving the heating point must have the appropriate qualifications, and the responsible persons should also be familiarized with the operating rules, which are stipulated in This is a mandatory principle of an individual heating point approved for operation.

It is forbidden to put the pumping equipment into operation with the shut-off valves at the inlet blocked and in the absence of water in the system.

During operation it is necessary:

• Monitor the pressure readings on the pressure gauges installed on the supply and return pipelines.
• Observe the absence of extraneous noise, and also prevent excessive vibration.
• Control the heating of the electric motor.

Do not use excessive force if manual control valve, and if there is pressure in the system, do not disassemble the regulators.

Before starting the heating point, it is necessary to flush the heat consumption system and pipelines.

Thermal points: device, work, scheme, equipment

A heat point is a complex of technological equipment used in the process of heat supply, ventilation and hot water supply to consumers (residential and industrial buildings, construction sites, social facilities). The main purpose of heat points is the distribution of heat energy from the heating network between end consumers.

Advantages of installing heat points in the heat supply system of consumers

Among the advantages of thermal points are the following:

• minimization of heat losses
• relatively low operating costs, cost-effectiveness
• the ability to select the mode of heat supply and heat consumption depending on the time of day and season
• silent operation, small dimensions (compared to other equipment of the heat supply system)
• automation and dispatching of the operation process
• Possibility of custom-made

Heat points may have different thermal schemes, types of heat consumption systems and characteristics of the equipment used, which depends on individual requirements Customer. The configuration of the TP is determined on the basis of the technical parameters of the heating network:

• thermal loads on the network
• temperature control of cold and hot water
• pressure of heat and water supply systems
• possible losses pressure
• climatic conditions, etc.

Types of heat points

The type of required heating point depends on its purpose, the number of supply heating systems, the number of consumers, the method of placement and installation, and the functions performed by the point. Depending on the type of heat point, it is selected technology system and equipment.

Heat points are of the following types:

• individual thermal ITP points
• central heating points
• block heat points BTP

Open and closed systems of heat points. Dependent and independent schemes for connecting heat points

AT open heating system water for the operation of the heating point comes directly from the heating networks. Water intake can be full or partial. The volume of water taken for the needs of the heating point is replenished by the flow of water into the heating network. It should be noted that water treatment in such systems is carried out only at the entrance to the heating network. Because of this, the quality of water supplied to the consumer leaves much to be desired.

Open systems, in turn, can be dependent and independent.

AT dependent scheme of connection of the heat point to the heating network, the heat carrier from the heating networks enters directly into the heating system. Such a system is quite simple, since it does not require installation additional equipment. Although this feature leads to significant shortcoming, namely, to the impossibility of regulating the supply of heat to the consumer.

Independent schemes for connecting a heat point are characterized by economic benefits (up to 40%), since heat exchangers of heat points are installed in them between the end-user equipment and the heat source, which regulate the amount of heat supplied. Also indisputable advantage is to improve the quality of the water supplied.

Due to energy efficiency, dependent systems many thermal companies are reconstructing and upgrading their equipment from dependent systems to independent ones.

Closed heating system is a completely isolated system and uses the circulating water in the pipeline without taking it from the heating networks. Such a system uses water only as a heat carrier. A leakage of the coolant is possible, but the water is replenished automatically using the make-up regulator.

The amount of heat carrier in a closed system remains constant, and the generation and distribution of heat to the consumer is regulated by the temperature of the heat carrier. The closed system is characterized high quality water treatment and high energy efficiency.

Ways to provide consumers with thermal energy

According to the method of providing consumers with thermal energy, single-stage and multi-stage heat points are distinguished.

Single stage system characterized by direct connection of consumers to heating networks. The place of connection is called subscriber input. For each object of heat consumption, its own technological equipment (heaters, elevators, pumps, fittings, instrumentation and control equipment, etc.) must be provided.

disadvantage single stage system connection is to limit the permissible maximum pressure in heating networks due to the danger high pressure for heating radiators. For this reason, such systems are mainly used for a small amount consumers and for heating networks of short length.

Multistage systems connections are characterized by the presence of heat points between the heat source and the consumer.

Individual heating points

Individual heat points serve one small consumer (house, small structure or building) that is already connected to the system district heating. The task of such an ITP is to provide the consumer hot water and heating (up to 40 kW). There are large individual points, the power of which can reach 2 MW. Traditionally, ITPs are placed in the basement or technical room of the building, less often they are located in separate rooms. Only the coolant is connected to the ITP and tap water is supplied.

ITPs consist of two circuits: the first circuit is a heating circuit for maintaining the set temperature in the heated room using a temperature sensor; the second circuit is a hot water circuit.

Central heating points

The central heating points of the CHP are used to provide heat to a group of buildings and structures. The central heating stations perform the function of providing consumers with hot water, cold water and heat. The degree of automation and dispatching of central heating points (only control over the parameters or control / control of the parameters of the CHP) is determined by the Customer and technological needs. Central heating stations can have both dependent and independent circuits for connecting to the heating network. With a dependent connection scheme, the coolant in the heating point itself is divided into a heating system and a hot water supply system. In an independent connection scheme, the heat carrier is heated in the second circuit of the heating point with incoming water from the heating network.

They are delivered to the installation site in full factory readiness. At the place of subsequent operation, only connection to heating networks and equipment adjustment is carried out.

The equipment of the central heating point (CHP) includes the following elements:

• heaters (heat exchangers) - sectional, multi-pass, block type, plate - depending on the project, for hot water supply, maintaining the desired temperature and water pressure at water points
• circulating utility, fire-fighting, heating and backup pumps
• mixing devices
• thermal and water meter units
• control and measuring devices for instrumentation and automation
• shut-off and control valves
• expansion membrane tank

Block heat points (modular heat points)

Block (modular) heating point BTP has a block design. The BTP may consist of more than one block (module) mounted, often on one joint frame. Each module is an independent and complete item. At the same time, the regulation of work is general. Blösnche substations can have both local system management and regulation, and remote control and dispatching.

A block heat point can include both individual heat points and central heat points.

The main systems of heat supply to consumers as part of a heat substation

• hot water system (open or closed circuit connections)
• heating system (dependent or independent circuit connections)
• ventilation system

Typical schemes for connecting systems in heating points

Typical DHW system connection diagram
Typical scheme for connecting a heating system
Typical diagram for connecting the DHW and heating system
Typical diagram for connecting the DHW, heating and ventilation system

The thermal substation also includes a cold water supply system, but it is not a consumer of thermal energy.

The principle of operation of heat points

Thermal energy is supplied to heating points from heat generating enterprises through heating networks - primary main heating networks. Secondary, or distributing, heating networks connect the heating substation already with the end consumer.

Main heating networks usually have a large length, connecting the heat source and the heat point directly, and the diameter (up to 1400 mm). Often, main heat networks can combine several heat generating enterprises, which increases the reliability of providing consumers with energy.

Before entering the main networks, water undergoes water treatment, which brings the chemical indicators of water (hardness, pH, oxygen, iron content) in accordance with regulatory requirements. This is necessary in order to reduce the level of corrosive effect of water on inner surface pipes.

The distributing pipelines have a relatively short length (up to 500 m), connecting the heating point and the end consumer.

The coolant (cold water) enters through the supply pipeline to the heating point, where it passes through the pumps of the cold water supply system. Further, it (the heat carrier) uses the primary DHW heaters and is fed into the circulation circuit of the hot water supply system, from where it flows to the end consumer and back to the heating substation, constantly circulating. To maintain the required temperature of the heat carrier, it is constantly heated in the heater of the second DHW stage.

The heating system is the same closed circuit as the DHW system. In the event of leakage of the coolant, its volume is replenished from the feed system of the heating point.

Then the coolant enters the return pipeline and enters the heat generating enterprise again through the main pipelines.

Standard equipment of heating points

To ensure reliable operation of substations, they are supplied with the following minimum technological equipment:

• two plate heat exchanger(soldered or collapsible) for heating and hot water systems
• pumping station for pumping the coolant to the consumer, namely to heating appliances buildings or structures
• system automatic regulation quantity and temperature of the heat carrier (sensors, controllers, flow meters) to control the parameters of the heat carrier, account for heat loads and regulate the flow
• water treatment system
• technological equipment - shut-off valves, check valves, instrumentation, regulators

It should be noted that the complete set of the heat point with technological equipment largely depends on the connection scheme of the hot water supply system and the connection scheme of the heating system.

So, for example, in closed systems heat exchangers, pumps and water treatment equipment are installed for further distribution of the coolant between DHW system and heating system. And in open systems, mixing pumps are installed (for mixing hot and cold water in the right proportion) and temperature controllers.

Our specialists provide a full range of services, from design, production, supply, and ending with installation and commissioning of heating points of various configurations.

Heatpoints are called automated complexes, transferring thermal energy between external and internal networks. They consist of thermal equipment, as well as measuring and control devices.

Heat points perform the following functions:

1. Distribute thermal energy among consumption sources;

2. Adjust the parameters of the thermal carrier;

3. Control and interrupt heat supply processes;

4. Change the types of thermal media;

5. Protect systems after increasing the allowable volumes of parameters;

6. Record the costs of heat carriers.

Types of heat points

Heat points are central and individual. In the individual, abbreviated: ITP includes technical devices, intended for connection of systems of heating, hot water supply, ventilation in buildings.

Purpose of heat points

The purpose of the CHP, that is, the central heating point, is to connect, transfer and distribute heat energy to several buildings. For built-in and other premises located in the same building, for example, shops, offices, parking lots, cafes, it is required to establish their own individual heat point.

What are heat points made of?

old-style ITPs have elevator nodes where water supply is mixed with heat demand. In them the consumed thermal energy is not regulated and not economically spent.

Modern automated individual heating points have a jumper between the supply and return pipelines. Such equipment has a more reliable design due to the double pump installed to the jumper. A control valve, an electric drive and a controller, which is called a weather regulator, are mounted to the supply pipeline. Also, the coolant of the updated automatic ITP is equipped with temperature sensors and outside air.

Why are heat points needed?

The automated system controls the temperature in the coolant for supply to the room. It also performs the function of regulating temperature indicators that correspond to the schedule and relative to the outside air. This makes it possible to exclude overexpenditure of heat energy that heats the building, which is important for the autumn-spring period.

The automatic regulation of all modern ITPs meets the high requirements for reliability and energy savings, as do their reliable ball valves and twin pumps.

Thus, in an automated individual heat point in buildings and premises, heat energy is saved up to thirty-five percent. This equipment is a complex technical complex that requires competent design, installation, adjustment and maintenance, which only professional experienced specialists can do.