Calculation of payments for heating according to standards. The procedure for calculating payment for heating: a description of calculation methods, tips for saving money and possible difficulties in heat supply

Often, utilities offer new rates to pay for thermal energy and rules for their calculation. The cost of payment changes every year, including the change in tariffs occurred in 2015 and 2016. Tariffs depend on the availability of metering devices, i.e. whether there is a counter or not. An important factor is reference temperature, because it often happens that the apartment is cold, and payment is made for a warm room. In apartments high-rise building it is not always possible to regulate the heating power, and not everywhere a heat energy meter is installed.

Features of calculating the cost of heating

Reference temperature

The normative air temperature in the room is determined by the documentation " building codes and rules" (SNiP). In the event of a temperature mismatch normative value in winter period you need to contact the relevant organization. They will send a specialist or a commission to make sure that the temperature does not meet the standard value, about which an appropriate act will be drawn up.

The room temperature is determined by measuring it with a thermometer at a point near the inner wall. To determine this point, you need to deviate from outer wall not less than one meter and from the floor - not less than one and a half meters.

The act of measuring the temperature of the room must be drawn up in duplicate, one of them belongs to the owner of the apartment.

Table of values ​​of optimal and allowable temperature premises

Temperature within allowable value should stay throughout the year. If it is lower, this should lead to a reduction in the cost of paying for heating. In practice, it often happens that the commission deliberately comes at a time when the temperature is satisfactory and no act is drawn up. Such a visit can not be considered, because it will not give any result.

Heating in cold period year can be switched off for a total of no more than 24 hours per month and no more than 16 hours in a row. Each hour of exceeding the norm should reduce the cost of payment by 0.15%.

The feasibility of installing a meter

Even the installation of a common meter for the house does not guarantee that the distribution of costs will be fair, because. someone could increase the number of sections of radiators or even arrange underfloor heating, due to which heat consumption increases, and the payment for it is distributed to all residents of the house.

You can solve this problem by installing individual equipment heat calculation. One such device is installed at the supply, and the other at the exit from the apartment. The difference in heat values ​​is the true value of its consumption. In addition, with the presence of an individual meter, it is easier to prove the lack of an adequate level of heating. If the room temperature is below the allowed value, the heating fee is not charged.

It is advisable to install this method of heat metering for horizontal wiring. But most often the house has a vertical wiring, where a separate riser passes in each room. Installing two meters for each riser will be too expensive.

It is unacceptable to install the meter on your own; this must be done by representatives of a licensed organization.

Another option for individual heat calculation is the installation of a switchgear for each heating radiator.

He collects the heat consumption from one radiator, and then the utility employee reads the distributor and determines the cost of payment.

This method has a number of features:

• a distributor must be installed on each radiator;
• the distributor does not take into account the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe radiator, but removes the amount of heat only at the installation site of the device;
• it is necessary to have a common meter for the house, it will help to calculate consumption more correctly;
• radiators must have a thermostat;
• it is possible to count by distributors only if at least 75% of apartments in a multi-storey building are equipped with such devices.

Calculation of the cost of heating

Method number 1

Calculation of the cost of heating in apartment building with an installed common house meter in the absence of individual heat meters, it is carried out in two directions:

• apartment heating;

The calculation is carried out according to the formula approved by the Government of the Russian Federation:

P i \u003d V d * S і / S d * T T, where:

• V d - the total consumption of all consumers of an apartment building for heating season, is determined by the common house counter;
• S i - area of ​​the apartment;
• S d - the area of ​​\u200b\u200ball rooms, including common use;
• T t - the established tariff for a given period of time.

Let us give an example of how the payment for heating a conditional apartment of a multi-storey building is calculated.

Initial data:

• area of ​​the apartment - 55 sq. meter.
• the total area of ​​the house is 5000 sq. meter.
• conditional tariff - 1000 rubles. per gigacalorie.
• the previous meter reading is 1540 gigacalories.
• the current meter reading is 1615 gigacalories.

Cost calculation:

1. The amount of heat energy consumption = 1615 - 1540 = 75 gigacalories.
2. 75 * 55 / 5000 * 1000 = 825 rubles.

• heating for general house needs (ODN).

This item is calculated using two formulas. The first determines the volume of services provided, and the second determines their cost.

The definition of flow is determined by the formula:

V i one \u003d V d * (1 - S about / S d) * S і / S about, where:

• V d - the total consumption of all consumers of an apartment building for the heating season, determined by a common house meter, presumably is 75 gigacalories;
• S about - the total area of ​​​​all apartments, presumably 4000 square meters. meter;
• S d - the total area of ​​​​the house is 5000 square meters. meter;
• S i - the area of ​​​​the apartment is 55 square meters. meter.

V i one \u003d 75 * (1 - 4000 / 5000) * 55 / 4000 \u003d 0.21 gigacalories.

P i one \u003d V i one * T cr, where:

• T kr - the tariff for a communal resource in a given period of time, presumably 1000 rubles. per gigacalorie.

P i one \u003d 0.21 * 1000 \u003d 210 rubles.

Thus, the conditional total cost of heating for a given period of time is (825 + 210) = 1035 rubles.

Method number 2

The calculation of the cost of heating a house with an installed common house meter and if there are individual metering devices in some apartments has two options:

• The apartment is equipped with an accounting device.

P i \u003d V i p * T cr, where:

• V і p - the amount of heat per apartment with an installed individual meter. It is determined by the difference between the previous and current values ​​of the meter. The previous value is assumed to be 94 gigacalories, and the current value is 96 gigacalories.
• T kr - the cost of heating for a given period of time per gigacalorie. Presumably 1000 rubles. per gigacalorie.
• V і p \u003d 96 - 94 \u003d 2 gigacalories.

Calculation according to the formula:

2 * 1000 = 2000 rubles.

• The apartment is not equipped with a metering device.

P i \u003d S i * N t * T t, where:

• N t is the normative consumption of thermal energy in the given region. Presumably it will be 0.014 Gcal per sq. m. meter.
• T t - cost for heating (1000 rubles per 1 gigacalorie).

P i \u003d 55 * 0.014 * 1000 \u003d 770 rubles.

Calculation of the fee for ODN:

(V d - V cr) * S i / S about, where:

• Vd - the amount of heat consumed by the house for a certain period (75 gigacalories).
• N t - standard heat consumption (0.014 Gcal per sq. meter).
• S v - the area of ​​\u200b\u200ball apartments that are not equipped with an individual metering device (1700 square meters).
• S i - the area of ​​​​this apartment (55 sq. Meter).
• S about - the total area of ​​\u200b\u200ball apartments (5000 square meters).
• V cr - the amount of thermal energy spent on heating water (4 gigacalories).
• V W - the amount of heat consumed by all residents for billing period(3 Gcal).

All values ​​in brackets are conditional for the calculation example.

(75 - 5 - 0.014 * 1700 - 3 - 4) * 55 / 5000 = 0.43 Gcal.

The cost of heating ODN: 0.43 Gcal * 1000 rubles. = 430 rubles.

The cost of payment for one unit is added to the cost of paying for an apartment, depending on whether there is an individual heat meter or not. Thus, the total cost of heating payment is obtained.

Method number 3

The calculation determines how much it costs to heat a house where a common house meter is not installed. In this case, it is worth counting according to known formulas.

• For apartments that do not have an individual meter:

P i \u003d V i p * T cr

• For apartments with an individual heat meter:

P i \u003d S i * N t * T t

Examples of how the cost is calculated using these formulas are given above.

Determination of heat consumption:

V i one \u003d N one * S oi * S i / S about, where:

• N one - standard heating consumption (0.014 Gcal per sq. meter).
• S oi - the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe common use room (450 sq. Meter).
• S i - the area of ​​​​the apartment (55 square meters).
• S about - the area of ​​\u200b\u200ball apartments in the house (5000 square meters).

Calculation example:

V i one \u003d 0.014 * 450 * 55 / 5000 \u003d 0.07 gigacalories.

The following formula is used to determine how much the cost of the ODN costs:

P i \u003d V i p * T cr

With a conditional tariff of 1000 rubles for 1 gigacalorie, ODN is:

0.07 * 1000 \u003d 70 rubles.

To determine how much it costs to heat an apartment in a house without a common house meter, it is enough to sum up the indicators of the cost of heating an apartment and the cost of one unit.

Tariffs 2015 and 2016

In order to determine the cost for heating in a given region, it is necessary to know the current tariffs. They change with enviable regularity. The cost of heating in 2015 was 990 rubles 50 kopecks. for 1 gigacalorie.

The normative consumption of thermal energy for the heating season was 0.0366 Gcal / sq. m. meter.

Since May 2015, the standard consumption amounted to 0.0122 Gcal/sq. meter.

With the onset of the new heating season in October 2015, tariffs rose and began to amount to 1170 rubles 57 kopecks. Standard consumption was 0.0322 Gcal/sq. meter, and since November increased to 0.0366 Gcal/sq. meter.

In 2016, the standard consumption during the heating season is 0.0366 Gcal/sq. meter, and the fee for 1 gigacalorie is 1170 rubles 57 kopecks.

With the end of the heating season, the value of standard consumption will be 0.0122 Gcal/sq. meter, and the cost for 1 gigacalorie will not change until July 1, 2016.

We do the calculation. Video

How to determine the cost of heating and water heating in 2016, this video tells.

AT this moment utility prices are high. To reduce them, it is necessary to take all necessary measures for warming the room and eliminate unnecessary costs. If you learn how to count correctly, you can find that often the payment is made not for the resources consumed. It is important to optimize costs here. The correct calculation will help to perform an online calculator. Based on the calculation, it is necessary to decide on the feasibility of installing a common house or even an individual heat meter.

In contact with

A centralized heating system provides homeowners with many benefits. They do not have to deal with the installation of the structure, perform current and overhauls. During the heating season, the system works constantly, providing proper comfort in the room. The only concern of the homeowners is the timely payment for the service provided. But this moment raises many questions and doubts. In order to dispel doubts, you need to understand how the heating in the apartment is calculated. This will allow you to independently check whether the requirements of the heat supplier are legitimate.

Calculation of payment for heating in an apartment is carried out on the basis of several standards. All organizations supplying heat must be guided by the main document, the government decree of the latest edition No. 354, issued on 05/06/11. Through the rules placed in it, the procedure for providing utilities tenants living in premises and owners of real estate in multi-apartment buildings. It indicates how the payment for heating in the apartment is made.

There are no figures in the legislative act, it only includes the procedure for calculating. According to this document, payment for heat supply is subject to collection only during the months in which heat is supplied. The previous ruling recommended year-round payment. Heating rates, consumption rates for square meter calculated for each area. At the same time, climatic conditions, the state of heating mains, the volume of heat losses, etc. are taken into account.

You can see ads on the network: “I will buy a program that contains data on how the payment for heating in an apartment is calculated.” There is no need to purchase such products. On the Internet, you can use special utility calculators for these calculations. Those who wish to independently do the calculations, check the correctness of the charges can use the formulas provided for determining the amount of payment. It is important to consider that the procedure for calculating the cost of heating in an apartment building is selected depending on the availability of devices that take into account heat energy.

Orders for the installation of common house and apartment devices that take into account the flow of heat are increasingly received by our company. Practice shows that they can significantly reduce the cost of heat energy.

Calculation of heating in an apartment without a meter

In calculating the payment for heat supply in the absence of common house and apartment devices, the prices and developed heat consumption rates used in the area are used. The calculation of Gcal for heating in an apartment is carried out in each region, taking into account temperature standards for premises and climatic conditions. Rates are reviewed each year based on the amount of costs in the past season.

The local administration issues a resolution that reflects the norms for the consumption of thermal energy and the prices for its payment. You can find this document on the official website of the administration of the settlement. The tariff should also be reflected in receipts for payment of heating.

The formula for calculating heating in an apartment without a meter is simple. To obtain the amount payable, it is necessary to multiply the area of ​​\u200b\u200bhousing by the price of heat and the consumption rate. Information about the area of ​​​​the apartment is available in the certificate of ownership and in the technical passports. Tenants renting an apartment can find the details in the rental agreement. There are also receipts.

Example:

Consumption rate per 1 m 2 for the region is 0.028 Gcl; price for 1 Gkl - 1500; housing area - 52 m 2 :

The amount of payment for heat \u003d 52 x 1500 x 0.028 \u003d 2184 rubles.

To this amount will be added general house expenses for heating the non-residential fund of the building. For example, if the area of ​​the whole house is 8000 m 2 , and the housing stock occupies 5500 m 2 , the share of the apartment is - 0.95%. Based on the established norms, the consumption for heating non-residential area is determined - 15 Gkl, the payment amount is 22,500 rubles. The apartment accounts for 213-75. The final amount for the period will be: 2184 + 213-75 = 2397.55 rubles.

Calculation of payment for heating in an apartment in the presence of a common house meter

If there is a common house meter, its readings are taken into account in the calculations.

The proportion of heat consumed from the total volume is calculated based on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe dwelling. The following data are used in heat payment calculations:

• the volume of delivered heat according to the readings of the common house meter - V; the total area of ​​the building - Sd; housing area - Skv; the established price for heat - T.
• Payment amount = V x S sq : S d x T
• Data on meter indicators, the total area of ​​​​the building can be provided by the management company.
• Moreover, this formula for calculating heat for heating in an apartment is valid even if 90% of the housing in the building already has heat meters.

Example:

According to the general house device, the consumption amounted to 200 Gcl; total building area - 8000 m 2 ; housing area - 52 m 2 ; price for 1 Gcl - 1500 rubles.

Payment amount = 200 x 52: 8000 x 1500 = 1950 rubles.

Calculation of the cost of heating in an apartment building with installed meters

If the building has a common home heat metering device, there are devices in each apartment, a different calculation system is applied. In determining the amount of payment, the following information will be required:

• the total amount of heat supplied to the building - Vd;
• heat consumed by this housing - Vkv;
• the area of ​​the whole building - Sd;
• housing area - Skv;
• current tariff - T.

Amount of payment \u003d (V d + V sq ) x S sq : S d x T

Example:

Heat consumption according to the indications of a common house meter - 200 Gkl; heat consumption according to the readings of the apartment meter - 1 Gkl; building area - 8000 m 2 ; housing area - 52 m 2 ; price for 1Gkl - 1500 rubles.

Payment for heat = (200 + 1) x 52: 8000 x 1500 = 1959-75

Peculiarities of calculating payment for heating with distributors in half of the apartments in the building

In residential premises, not meters, but distributors can be installed. Radiators are equipped with these sensors. They show how much heat a given equipment emits. The installation of such devices is advisable in old houses with vertical wiring. heating system. In it, a riser leads to each radiator or two batteries. Equipping each of them with a counter will cost too much. When installing distributors, the radiator must be equipped with a thermostatic valve.

The legislative act specifies how the heating in the apartment is calculated in this case. To apply this formula, two conditions must be met:

• a common house meter is installed in the building;
• Distributors are equipped with more than half of the apartments.

Data used in calculations:

• total amount of payments for heat energy paid by apartments with distributors - P;
• share of the total volume, which falls on the distributor - D;
• number of devices in the apartment - K.

Heat payment amount = P x D - K

Increasing coefficients in the calculation of heating an apartment building

In 2013, a decree was adopted, according to which, for houses in which there is technical possibility installation of a metering device, but there is no meter, multiplying factors are applied. This indicator was calculated for each year.

In order to stimulate the process of installing meters that allow accurate accounting of heat energy consumption, the coefficient is constantly increasing. In the first half of 2015, it was 1.1; in the second half of 2015 - 1.2; in the first six months of this year it was 1.4; for the next six months, a multiplier of 1.5 will apply. For 2017, an indicator of 1.6 is provided. For example, if the amount of payment for heating was 2397 - 55, with a coefficient the amount will be equal to 3596 -33.

Therefore, in order to save the cost of paying for the supply of heat to residents apartment buildings it is worth doing the installation of a common house meter, if technical capabilities allow.

Installation of heat energy metering devices can only be carried out by qualified specialists who have the appropriate license. If you need to install apartment or common house meters, you can contact the EXPO-TERMO company. We have a state license to carry out such work, we have the required equipment and devices.

Reducing the calculation of payment for heating in case of violation of standards

There are certain standards for the air temperature in the room, which the heating system must provide. If the actual figures are lower established norms, according to the law for each hour the amount of payment for the supply of heat should be reduced by 0.15%. The temperature is determined at any inner wall. The measuring point should be at a height of one and a half meters from the floor and a meter from the outer walls of the house.

In order for the heating fee to be recalculated, if a violation is detected temperature regime the owner of the apartment can write an application and submit it to the DEZ. It is worth issuing two copies of the document, on one of which the representative of the DEZ must put a mark on the registration of the application. It should be reviewed within a week.

Temperature standards for heating seasons are as follows:

In bedrooms, living rooms, the air temperature should be 18-24°C; in the kitchen, bathroom, toilet and combined bathrooms - 18-26°C; in the hallway - 16-22°C; on the stairwell, in the lobby - 14-20°C.

During the heating season, the system must operate continuously. In emergency cases, it can be turned off for no more than 16 hours. Within a month total time shutdown should not exceed 24 hours. If these indicators are exceeded, the payment for heating is calculated with a decrease in the indicator by 0.15%.

Opportunities to reduce heating bills

Measures to insulate the building, for example, replacing ordinary windows with double-glazed windows or installing structures that insulate the facade, will increase the comfort of living. But these operations will not affect the calculation of heating in an apartment building. Only the installation of meters can reduce heat costs.

Most of the old buildings are equipped with heating plants with vertical wiring. With this design, each apartment has several risers. Installing heat metering devices will become too costly an operation. Therefore, for such houses the best option is the installation of a common house meter.

Quality and inexpensive heating – important indicator comfortable and warm apartment. Usually, it is calculated according to the indications of installed metering devices. They can be both general house and apartment.

The general brownie serves for mutual settlements between the council of an apartment building (SMD) and the company supplying heat. An individual metering device is used to calculate the amount of payment by the end user to the SMD company.

If any of the types of devices for thermal metering are not available in an apartment building, then the calculation is made in accordance with the standards established by law. When changing tariffs, the energy supply company must inform the consumer or the SMD company about this and indicate the reasons for these changes.

Methods for calculating the cost of heat energy consumption for apartment buildings just three:

• Calculation for apartment buildings without metering devices;
• Calculation for houses with a common house heat metering device and with individual metering devices not in all rooms;
• Calculation for apartment buildings with a collective metering device and with individual devices in each of the premises.

This method is considered obsolete, as it has low accuracy. It provides residents of an apartment building with huge payments for thermal energy, sometimes much higher than in houses with the same heat supply system, but equipped with specialized metering devices.

Overcharge is charged due to the fact that the calculation is made according to the general tariff and does not take into account temperature fluctuations on the street during the cold season. The calculation method for this method is quite simple and occurs by multiplying the established tariff for heating services for one square. meters of floor space total area all apartments, attics, basements, utility rooms that are heated.

The payment for an individual apartment is calculated by multiplying the size of the total area of ​​this apartment by the quotient of dividing the total result presented above by the total area of ​​all apartments.

If there are heated non-residential premises payment is made by other methods. Usually, calculations are made directly with the company supplying the coolant.

The temperature in all heated residential premises, according to the regulations, must be at least 18 degrees Celsius. But often this rule is not respected. And the reason for this is precisely this way of providing heating services and calculating their cost.

Also, non-compliance with the minimum temperature regime in individual residential premises (or apartments) is possible due to negligent residents who have replaced thermal radiators. This is especially felt by those residents whose apartments go in the heating chain after apartments with replaced radiators.

As a rule, the temperature in the former decreases, while in the latter, on the contrary, it rises. This is also due to the fact that when replacing, radiators with the same or large quantity sections, but with greater heat transfer. And one of the conditions for ensuring a temperature regime of 18 degrees Celsius in the room is certain amount battery sections.

Calculations for houses with a common meter

A collective heat meter is usually installed directly in an apartment building or in a special heat point located outside the house itself. It determines the temperature that enters the heating system and the one that is available at the outlet of the system. The difference between these two indicators is the cost that the entire apartment building spent in total.

This is the most common payment option for heating services. Even if individual metering devices are installed in 95%, the general calculation of the heating fee will still be carried out according to this principle.

With this method of determining the payment for heating, the following indicators will be taken into account:

• Indications of a common household meter (the average monthly result of the readings for the previous year is taken);
• The area of ​​the apartment;
• The tariff set for heat in a given region or locality.

When calculating all these indicators are multiplied among themselves

With this method of accounting for heat supply, the consumption of supplied thermal energy can be saved by 40%, compared with the method of determining the fee without metering devices, i.e. at a fixed rate.

The only drawback of this type of calculation is the inability to control installed sections batteries in apartments. For example, installing sections with a higher heat output in one apartment will reduce the amount of heat supplied to the apartment following it in the chain.

But the administration of the SMD can control and prevent such cases, because its function is to protect the interests of each tenant of an apartment building.

Modifications of thermal house meters are different. Some are designed to calculate only the heat energy spent on central heating, while others, in addition to the supplied heat, can also calculate the amount of hot water supply.

Calculation for houses with individual metering devices

This method is used if each apartment has individual metering devices or there is a system of individual distribution devices. The presence of apartment meters is possible only in houses with horizontal heating systems.

At vertical wiring heating systems, the installation of such devices is technically impossible. Such an individual heat meter cannot save heat, it is designed for its correct calculation. Savings with this method of calculation is to regulate the volume of heat supply with its excess.

Calculation for heat consumption in this way is made according to the established tariffs, different for different regions and set by the city government. In addition, as a rule, about 20% of the heat consumption is added to the obtained figures from the readings of an individual meter, which is used to heat various common areas.

One of the most important good points the use of this method of accounting is the most accurate control of the consumed heat and the ability of each apartment owner to influence the amount of payment for the heat of his apartment.

But there are also disadvantages here - the device itself and its installation cost a lot of money, which, however, pay off over time.

How to save on heating bills in an apartment building

There are 2 ways to save on heating if it is impossible to install individual apartment meters:

1. Cancellation of services district heating and installation of the boiler;
2. Installation in an apartment building heat meter and individual heating point.

The first method has a rather high cost and complexity in terms of obtaining permits. This option is more suitable for owners of private housing construction.

And the second option is much simpler and does not require such enormous costs. It is well suited for SMD, which manages an apartment building on its own, without the participation of the Housing Office.

Residents, having collected a certain amount of funds from each individual apartment, can buy and equip in basement individual heat point. It will regulate the amount of heat supplied from the district heating system, taking into account the temperature outside, and will also take into account the heat consumed by the house.

The installation of such a meter provides quick effect– you can save about 25% of the cost of paying for the supplied heat.

This is done through automatic adjustment supplied thermal energy and due to the absence of the need to pay at inflated (about 10-20%) established tariffs central heating, which usually include the cost of losses in heating mains.

And if you add the insulation of apartments of the entire apartment building to the installation of such a device, you can still save up to 15% of expenses. Such savings will help to quickly recoup the costs of installing an individual heating point.

General conclusions

Reducing the cost of housing and communal services is the desire of every tenant of an apartment building. In addition to installing various metering devices for heat supplied central system heating, it will not be superfluous to take measures to insulate the home:

• Replace old windows with plastic ones;
• Insulate the building;
• To modernize the heating and heat supply system of an apartment building;

The joint careful attitude of each of the tenants living in an apartment building will help to really reduce the payment for heat supply. At the same time, during the heating season, the house will be warm enough, and the bills provided for payment for services will be reduced several times.

It is worth remembering that a heat meter in any apartment building is not a means of saving on heating and reducing fees, but a reflection real desire each tenant to keep their funds.

Warmth in the house in the cold season is the key to comfort and a pleasant stay in it. And, once again calculating the amount of payment for the provided heating, think about your home and how to reduce this payment.

Good heating and a comfortable temperature are a reality and do not require a huge fee, but require some effort from all the residents of the house.

When planning the heating system of our house, we face the question of how to correctly calculate the heating. And the calculation in this case has two aspects: on the one hand, it is necessary to find out which devices should be installed to maintain a comfortable microclimate in the room, and on the other hand, to calculate the amount that will need to be spent on paying for services.

Heating of a private house

Boiler type and power

If we are planning the construction or reconstruction of a private house, then one of the most important design points is the choice of a boiler that is optimal in terms of power. If you install an insufficiently productive boiler, then in the cold season it will work in forced mode, which will lead to its rapid wear. On the other hand, we also don’t want to pay for the power we don’t need!

Note! The use of a boiler with excess power leads to an increase in energy consumption by 20-30%

The first thing to decide - this is the type of the boiler itself:

• Solid fuel- relatively inexpensive and economical, but have some inconvenience in operation. Such inconveniences include, for example, the need for periodic fueling (in severe frost - up to 3-4 times a day).
• Liquid fuel- are quite acceptable operational characteristics, but a large number of toxic products of combustion makes their use insufficiently environmentally friendly.
• Electrical- quite effective and easy to use. Main disadvantage such boilers high price electricity.
• Gas- the preferred option for most parameters, including ease of use and economical use of energy resources. The key disadvantage is high price the equipment itself and dependence on the presence of a gas pipeline.

Regardless of the type of installation used to heat the house, it is necessary to choose its optimal performance.

There is a fairly simple formula to calculate it:

Wcat \u003d Wud * S / 10

In this case:

• Wkot - the minimum allowable power of the boiler.
• Wsp is an indicator of specific power per 10 square meters.
• S is the area of ​​the heated room.

Note! Specific power is normative indicator and differs in different regions. So in Moscow and the Moscow region, this parameter is 1-1.2, in the northern regions it can reach 2, and in the southern regions it is 0.7-0.9.

Calculation of radiators

In addition to the boiler itself, it is also necessary to produce. Below we will tell you how the heating of the main area of ​​\u200b\u200bour house is calculated.

The following formula is used to calculate the number of batteries:

W=S*h*41

• W is the power of the radiators, sufficient to provide comfortable temperature in room.
• S is the area of ​​the room.
• H - height from floor to ceiling(excluding suspended structures).
• 41 - the rate of consumption of thermal energy per cubic meter of internal volume.

The result of the calculation using this formula is the total power installed radiators. We divide the resulting figure by the heat transfer of one section of the battery (the instructions for the radiator should contain this information), and we get required amount sections. To provide best heating The resulting number is best rounded up!

Naturally, after completion of all calculations, it is necessary to choose optimal models radiators, and install them in such a way that heat loss is minimal. The technology for installing heating radiators is clearly demonstrated in the video tutorials that are posted on our portal.

Pay calculation

Payment without a common house meter

Not less than important point is the calculation of payment for the heat supply of your apartment. According to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 "On the provision of public services ..." heating payment includes:

• Payment for heating provided in your apartment.
• Payment for heating of common premises.

The calculation technology depends on whether your house is equipped with heat meters. In our article, we will consider both options, which will allow you to do the calculations yourself in any situation.

So, how is the heating tariff calculated in a house in which a common meter is not installed?

Payment for heating the apartment itself, in which an individual heating meter is installed, is made according to the formula:

P i = V i * T k, where:

• V i - the amount of heat consumed according to the indicators of the individual metering device.

For example, the meter showed that you spent 1.5 gigacalories of heat in a month. In this case, the total will be:

1.5 * 1400 (heating tariff) = 2100 r.

If there is no counter, then another formula is used:

P i = S i * N t * T t , where:

• S i - room area
• N t - consumption standard
• T t - tariff set for the region

In this case, the calculation example looks like this:

• The consumption standard is 0.025 Gcal per square meter.
• The area of ​​the apartment is 75 square meters.
• Tariff - 1400 rubles.

As a result, we have:

77 * 0.0025 * 1400 \u003d 2,625 rubles.

As you can see, a careful calculation shows the effectiveness of installing a heating meter in each apartment, because the savings are very significant.

P i = V i * T k, where:

• V i - the amount of heat provided for general house needs for the reporting period.
• T k is the tariff established by law.

For example, if on general heating 1 gigacalorie was spent, then the cost of payment will be 1400 rubles.

• With established individual devices accounting: 2100 \u003d 1400 \u003d 3500 rubles.
• Without individual counters: 2625 = 1400 = 4025 rubles

Payment with a public meter

If the house has general appliance for accounting, then the calculation of individually consumed thermal energy is calculated as follows:

P i \u003d V d * S i /S d *T t, where:

• V d - the amount of heat consumed for the period according to the indicators of the general house heating meter.
• S i is the area of ​​the apartment.
• S d - the area of ​​\u200b\u200ball the premises that make up the house (including residential, non-residential and utility).
• T t is the tariff set in your region.

Payment for heating of common areas is made according to the same formula as in the previous case.

Another way is to use utility calculators. Today there are several such calculators, and the data obtained as a result of their application provide sufficient accuracy of calculations.

In our article, we showed how the calculations of the required power of heating boilers and radiators are performed to heat your home, and also clearly demonstrated how to calculate the tariff for heating an apartment in different situations. We hope that the formulas and examples given here will be useful, because strict accounting is the most important condition for reducing costs!