Duct air conditioner with fresh air. Fresh air mixing with air conditioning

Among all types of climate control systems, of particular interest is the ducted air conditioning system, which provides the supply of treated air through a network of air ducts in several adjoining rooms without cluttering the interior with unnecessary modules of technology.

The device and principle of operation of the channel system

Like any split system, the channel one consists of two modules: compressor-condenser (outdoor) and evaporative (internal), which are connected to each other by a copper pipeline with freon and electrical wires. The external module is installed outside the building, and the installation of the indoor module involves several placement options:

• in false ceiling;
• in a false wall;
• in the pantry, in the attic, in the back room.

Concealed installation of the evaporative unit makes the use of this type of air conditioner very practical solution for original designs.

There are certain features in how a ducted air conditioner is designed and works. These devices are supplied without finished system air distribution. It is provided during the creation of the project.

Design work and subsequent or semi-industrial premises are carried out at the stages of construction or overhaul of this object.

To adapters ( special holes) of the indoor module, iron or flexible air ducts are connected, which lead to adapters with gratings facing the surface of the ceiling or wall. Air circulates through them. The air ducts themselves are sound and heat insulated to eliminate unnecessary noise and condensation on the structure.

The air intake goes through the exhaust adapter through the air ducts, enters indoor unit. There it passes through a strainer, an evaporator and cooled out into the air ducts connected to the supply adapter.

One of the features of how a ducted air conditioner works is the air temperature at the outlet of the indoor unit. She's cold enough. In order to minimize the temperature difference between room and cooled air, it is necessary to choose the right supply grilles. The best option would be slotted, since it is given type is able to give out cold streams in thin jets and mix them as quickly as possible with the warm air in the room.

Air handling unit and fresh air intake

If there is a need for an influx of air from the street, then the duct air conditioning system has the possibility of taking air masses from outside. To organize such a process, you will need, to which another duct is connected and cut into the supply adapter. In order for outdoor air to enter several local points of the room, usually the ventilation pipe (air duct) coming from the supply unit is divided through a distributing tee into the required number of branches.

The supply unit is a standard module with holes on the sides. It consists of:

• fan;
• heating element;
• electronics block;
• pocket filter;
• dampers.

In summer, the heating element does not work, and in autumn and winter it heats the incoming air to the required temperature. Dampers are needed to block the outlet of the unit, through which, in standby mode, cold streams can enter the air ducts, and then into the room. Pocket (bag) filter is single stage system filtration used in supply ventilation systems. It is not subject to regeneration, so most often it is changed to a new one.

The supply unit and the ducted air conditioner with fresh air admixture have two different remote controls. The operation of the supply module is regulated separately.

But it should be borne in mind that for ducted air conditioners, the influx of fresh air is only 30% of the total circulating through the system. air currents. None of the ducted air conditioners can mix outdoor air in 100% volume.

Winter work

The duct air conditioner has the possibility of year-round operation. In this case, the outdoor module is mounted in a room where the minimum temperature values ​​are -3-5°C, and there is space for warm air to escape. If it is not possible to install an outdoor unit in the room, then it is simply equipped with a “Winter Start” device, which consists of three separate devices: compressor oil heating, fan speed control and drainage heating. But the cost of electricity will increase significantly.

At correct selection the power of the air conditioner and the correct laying of the network of ventilation pipes, the period of trouble-free operation reaches 10-15 years.

Types of channel air conditioners

All manufacturers produce models that operate either only in the cold or in the cold / heat. Duct air conditioners with fresh air admixture can be with inverter and non-inverter type of compressor control. These split systems differ not only in cooling capacity, but also in blowing power, that is, the pressure of the outgoing stream. There are low-pressure, medium-pressure and high-pressure ducted air conditioners. The selection of the length and configuration of the air ducts depends on the force of pressure (static pressure) that the fan creates.

Low pressure air conditioners

This air conditioner has a maximum static pressure of 45 Pa. It can process the air in one room, and the length of the ventilation duct is no more than a meter. Install low-pressure models in hotel rooms, small offices and apartments.

Medium pressure air conditioners

For medium-pressure systems, the pressure force can reach up to 100 Pa, and the total length of the air ducts is measured in tens of meters. They are considered the most in demand, as they best meet the needs of apartments with several rooms, small cottages, cafes, medium-sized offices and shops.

High pressure air conditioners

The pressure force of such models is up to 250 Pa. The length of air ducts can exceed a hundred meters, and their configuration can be complex and branched as much as possible. They install high-pressure ducted air conditioners in large offices, conference rooms, large restaurants and residential buildings with many rooms.

To remove the condensate accumulated during the operation of the device, the duct air conditioner with high strength head is usually equipped with an additional discharge pump. These devices have the highest performance in comparison with low- and medium-pressure devices. All of these characteristics help to distribute air even to remote rooms without any loss and in full.

Duct air conditioners with fresh air admixture are devices with a high pressure force.

What you need to know when buying

There are practically no shortcomings in the quality of the functioning of this climatic equipment, with the exception of the following nuances.

The height of the ceiling in the room must be at least 3 meters, otherwise the strong air flows coming out of the adapter with the grill will not have time to be distributed throughout the space, which will cause colds.

The duct air conditioner with all additional structures is mounted in the space between the ceiling and the false mezzanine. Its height must be at least 25 cm.

AT different rooms only the same parameters can be supported. This is not very convenient if one of the zones is on sunny side, where a lower temperature is required, and the other - in the north, where average indicators are sufficient.

Installation of a channel air conditioner

If you do not want to spoil the facade of the building with many external blocks, and clutter up the rooms internal modules, right decision will be the installation of a channel air conditioner, both in an apartment and in a private house.

In theory, everything is simple - compliance with the stages of work should ensure the normal functioning of the device in the future. But there are some difficulties in which the installation of a duct air conditioner with your own hands becomes simply impossible, namely:

• laying a network of air ducts with the calculation of their cross section and high-quality sound and heat insulation;
• calculation of power, static pressure, air capacity;
• providing access to the indoor unit for subsequent preventive maintenance;
• cutting off some rooms (toilet, kitchen) from the air intake system;
• installation of a supply unit, if a high-pressure duct air conditioner with fresh air supply is required.

A ducted fresh air conditioner is not as popular as its standard wall-mounted counterpart. However this device can often be the best solution for normalizing the climate at work or at home. The considered split system is designed for the transformation of cooled air through a network of air ducts. With its help, you can serve several rooms or one room with a uniform distribution of the cooling air mixture. Warm air is also supplied through special passages. We will study the features and types of this device, as well as how to install it.

Device

The fresh air ducted air conditioner consists of a pair of modular designs. The compressor and condenser part aggregates with the internal evaporative element using a pipeline in which there are electric wires and freon. outdoor sector mounted from the outside of the building, and internal detail has several installation options:

1. In the hollow part of the suspended ceiling.
2. In a false wall
3. In a closet or other utility room.

Thanks to the hidden placement of the evaporation unit, the use of the system becomes more practical, especially when implementing original design projects. A ducted air conditioner is supplied for an apartment without a ready-made air distribution system. It is worked out during the creation of the project.

Inside the box are the following items:

• Powerful fan.
• Thermal exchanger.
• Electronic control board.
• Condensate collection tank.

Since the cooling of a large area is accompanied by the release of a significant amount of condensate, some modifications have a drain pump.

How does the machine work?

The duct air conditioner operates with an influx of fresh air according to a scheme characteristic of all representatives of this type of equipment. The unit is based on a heat pump, in the circuit of which the refrigerant circulates. In addition, radiators, connecting pipes and a compressor are provided, forcing the gas to move in a circle.

Heat is transferred by alternating compression of the refrigerant. The first stage is carried out in the outer contour of the radiator, while the gas temperature increases. Due to the thermal difference, a thermal exchange between the refrigerant and air begins, as a result of which the gas gives off the energy received from the air mixture in the room. The intensity of heat exchange is supported by an external radiator fan.

In the outer compartment, the pressure increase is provided by a special throttle that passes gas in small quantities. Due to this, the injected refrigerant accumulates in the cavity in front of the throttle and is compressed. An ordinary long tube (capillary) is used as a delayed device.

Peculiarities

The compression pressure is calculated taking into account the possibility of gas condensation when it cools. This is because when the refrigerant liquefies, the efficiency of the fresh air ducted air conditioner increases as more heat is generated. As a result, the efficiency heat pump increases significantly. The outdoor heat exchanger is often referred to as a condenser.

The liquid refrigerant through the throttle enters in small doses into the internal radiator, where, under the influence low pressure the liquid evaporates, again transforming into a gaseous state. A small volume of gas occupies the entire space of the evaporator, which contributes to its expansion. The subsequent cooling and heating of the refrigerant allows a constant repetition of the cycle to be achieved.

Modern home fresh air air conditioners are designed to allow refrigerant transfer, allowing the internal radiator to be converted from an evaporator to a condenser, and the external counterpart to be vice versa. Such a solution makes it possible to pump heat in the reverse order, as a result of which the unit will function for space heating.

The features of this design are minimum costs energy. The user receives warm masses from cold atmospheric air. Compared to standard heaters on heating elements, this system will significantly save on electricity. On average, for every kilowatt consumed, four times more heat is produced.

The operation of the unit is appropriate under the temperature conditions recommended by the manufacturer, since a significant decrease in air temperature can lead to zero effect when using equipment in heating mode.

Varieties

Channel air conditioning for an apartment can be of several types. First hallmark is the indoor unit fan head (pressure measured in Pascals). There are the following types of technology:

• Low pressure models (up to 50 Pa).
• Medium pressure options (up to 150 Pa).
• High-pressure modifications (up to 300 Pa).

It should be borne in mind that with more air in the ducts, a stronger pressure will be required to allow air to circulate.

Also household air conditioner with an influx of fresh air is subdivided by type electrical circuit(operation mode):

1. Units with start/stop system. Such devices are equipped with a compressor operating at a constant one speed. This leads to the presence of an almost constant power indicator. maintenance temperature regime controlled by the cooler circuit breaker.
2. Inverter-type options are more "advanced" models. They are equipped with special electronic device, which makes it possible to generate alternating current of any frequency. This solution allows you to adjust the speed of the compressor and the power of the heat pump.

Installation of a channel air conditioner

Installing the fixture consists of the following steps:

Selecting a location for fixing the outdoor unit. It is desirable that it be on the north side or in the shade. Residents of apartments in multi-storey buildings should mount the unit near the balcony, which will facilitate the maintenance of the device. The block is located below the internal analogue at a distance specified by the manufacturer.

1. At the installation site of the inner part, a hole with a diameter of 8 centimeters is drilled, which will serve for laying connecting communications. final size depends on the identical duct value.
2. Brackets are fixed on the wall, the external unit is installed on them. It must be placed strictly horizontally. The maximum allowable difference between the wall and the fixture is 100 mm.
3. The interior of the unit is mounted in the room. The best option the unit will be fixed directly to the ceiling or wall, which will eliminate the vibration of the equipment. Otherwise, vibration dampers should be used.
4. Further installation of the duct air conditioner is to connect the electrics. A separate wire is drawn from to the indoor unit. Its cross section should not be less than 1.5 square meters. mm. The main line connection is via circuit breaker. Then the terminals of both blocks are connected.

Installation of freon pipelines

This operation includes the following manipulations:

1. A pair of copper pipes is cut off with a pipe cutter. Their length should be 1000 millimeters longer than the distance between the fittings, which will ensure smooth bends.
2. On the outer parts, the workpieces are bent by means of a pipe bender. Without this device, the metal can deform and crack.
3. The tubes are equipped with heat-insulating nozzles made of polyurethane.
4. Threaded flanges are attached to the edges of the elements.
5. Rolling of the ends of the workpieces is carried out. Tighten the nuts preferably with a torque wrench. Excessive force may damage the device.
6. The ends of the tubes are screwed by means of threaded flanges, which must be tightly tightened.

Final works

From the outside of the building, wiring, drainage and freon pipes are fixed with clamps or masked in a special box. The hole is blown out mounting foam. Then the system is evacuated. The pump should run for 60 minutes, which will allow excess moisture to completely evaporate. The refrigerant is launched into the circuit, while monitoring the pressure readings. Next, the unit is turned on for testing. If the system works without failures, connect the air ducts using flexible rubberized or tarpaulin inserts.

Channel air conditioner: price

The cost of the device in question depends on the power, design features and brand of the manufacturer. The simplest type of this unit is available within 14-15 thousand rubles. The quality of technology directly depends on the manufacturer. If it is a well-known and popular brand, the chance of acquiring a defective item is somewhat lower. It is also worth paying attention to warranty periods. Duct industrial air conditioners are much more expensive (from 100 thousand rubles and more).

Service

For normal operation device requires proper maintenance. Among the main manipulations:

• Removal of dirt from the condensate collection tank. You also need to check the tubes, processing them disinfectant solution to prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
• Refrigerant pressure control.
• Dust removal from air ducts.
• Cleaning of the channel conditioner in the filtering part.

If these measures are ignored, the volume of passing air will be reduced, and the unit will not be able to maintain the temperature set by the consumer. In addition, the device may simply break down or leak in the indoor unit. The price of a channel air conditioner is not so small as to risk its serviceability, neglecting the elementary rules of operation. The frequency of preventive and technical work indicated in the user manual.

The air conditioner is not designed for air exchange, it cleans and cools the environment in a closed space. But the ventilation shafts that have fallen into disrepair apartment buildings, the installation of sealed plastic windows deprived the apartments of natural ventilation. The air in the room becomes unhealthy, there is not enough oxygen, the proportion of carbon dioxide increases. Can an apartment air conditioner be a supply air conditioner?

It is not yet possible to combine the two functions of air preparation in a full-fledged mode. Most best systems can only use the air supply from the street for 30% of the total capacity. At the same time, the air conditioner becomes much more complicated and the price rises.

For houses and apartments, only single-block air conditioners, various modifications, split systems can be used. They serve to ensure the regime on an area not exceeding 100 m 2. We will not consider cassette and column air conditioners.

Duct air conditioner with fresh air supply

The device of the channel system is two-module. One block, compressor-condenser, is outside the perimeter, evaporator is located inside the room. They are connected to each other copper pipes with freon and electrical wiring. The evaporation unit can be hidden in the lining of the room. Air conditioners with the function of fresh air inflow from the street produce air exchange into the room for 2-3 hours. Physiologically, the air becomes healthy, saturated with oxygen. These air conditioners include systems from Daikin "Ururu Sarara". Hitachi and Haier created their own models with an influx of fresh air.

The technology for cleaning and mixing air flows is complex. In a special block outside the perimeter, the air taken from the street passes through a manganese catalyst, adsorption of impurities, including odors, occurs. There is a filter at the inlet to the air conditioning system, on which small debris, insects and other external dirt remain. After the gas flows are mixed and passed through a photocatalytic filter, where they are biologically disinfected. Clean air is enriched with vitamins and hyaluronic acid. The healing product is fed into the room.

Duct air conditioner with fresh air admixture

The apartments use multi-split systems. They represent an installation with one unit placed outside, there can be 2-4 indoor modules. The system is equipped with an additional device for preparing air from the street. In such air conditioners, fresh air intake does not exceed 10% of the total volume in the circulation system. A specialist can install and correctly calculate a multisystem. At all exit points, the air parameters will be the same. This is the main disadvantage of a multi-point split system. More than 4 sampling points are not provided, because it is difficult to balance such a system in terms of performance.

Using the admixture of air from the street, a split system with a wall-mounted indoor unit operates. But at the same time, the external unit of the air conditioner is modified, a fan and a mixing chamber are used. Near the perimeter, an air preparation unit is installed, providing winter heating and grid coarse cleaning from debris and living creatures.

Air conditioner that takes air from outside

The channel split system uses supply schemes most intelligently. Does this air conditioner take air from outside? One remote unit is located outside the circuit, the evaporators are connected to it by piping, mounted in a false ceiling or false wall. An outdoor air preparation unit is used, which is supplied to the system in several places. Condition - a place behind the wall or under the floor, sufficient to accommodate the equipment. The system is programmable, the regulation is carried out by an electronic unit. The installation for preparing the air supply from the street and the ducted air conditioner have different control panels. The admixture of fresh air can be 30%. As a result of renewal, the balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen content changes.

Fresh air conditioners for apartment

Another type of split system is the supply and exhaust air conditioner in the Hitachi product line, they are not very powerful, air exchange reaches only 8 m 3 per hour, but this amount is enough for a bedroom. An example of a supply and exhaust split system is the Hitachi RAS-10JH2 air conditioner. The model has an inverter compressor, 2 pipes are used - supply and exhaust. Air is removed forcibly, fresh air from the street can be heated. The remote control has separate options for supplying air from the street and removing exhaust. One mode is chosen, then the system is tuned to an equilibrium state.

Haier offers 2 models of premium fresh air conditioners: Aqua Super Match AS09QS2ERA and LIGHTERA HSU-09HNF03/R2(DB). In these units, the supply air system is an optional extra. But having bought the equipment, it is possible to provide air renewal with a flow rate of 25 m 3 / hour. Both models of conditioners have the built-in function of an admixture of air from the street. For this on outdoor unit there is a pressure fan and a chamber for mixing two gas streams. A flexible hose with outdoor air can be introduced directly into the room in one way or another.

Rules for placement of block air conditioners with air supply from the street

When installing evaporators on the ceiling, it is important that the flow of cool air does not reach the location of people. Therefore, narrow slotted blinds are used. The higher the ceiling, the better the oncoming gas flows are averaged. In a channel split system, the distance between the normal and false ceiling not less than 25 cm. The same applies to false walls behind which channels pass.

In any case, ducted air conditioners or split systems with an influx of fresh air will cost more and are more difficult to operate than a separate supply and exhaust system and an air conditioner. Devices 2 in 1, naturally, have somewhat truncated capabilities.

Air conditioner with forced ventilation

Modern climatic conditions force mankind to look for new sources of air purification. Apartment buildings are practically airtight and do not have effective ventilation. In this regard, the oxygen concentration in the room decreases and, accordingly, the mental and physical activity residents.

The only solution for today is the creation of forced ventilation. The premises are equipped with special devices with valves supply air. Such air conditioners with air flow from the street usually deliver no more than 40% of the air into the room.

Need for fresh air

It's no secret that fresh air is vital to maintaining health. Therefore, manufacturers in the area climate technology increased attention to ventilation issues. Every living being needs oxygen, but because of the pace modern life people forget to take care of themselves, which leads to poor health and illness. Purchasing an air conditioner with a fresh air intake mode will make it possible to work effectively throughout the day in a closed room.

Why you need constant micro-ventilation:

• Constant air changes increase the level of oxygen in the room.
• Oxygen has a positive effect on metabolism and the functioning of the respiratory and immune systems.
• There is a stabilization of pressure and the work of the heart improves.
• Thanks to oxygen, stress levels are reduced and the brain works more efficiently.

Consequences of lack of oxygen:

• General well-being worsens, malaise appears.
• The pressure rises and the headache increases.
• There is irritability and constant fatigue.

Modern air conditioner performs not only a function. It simultaneously serves as a cleaning system, a heating device, and can supply air to the room.

The main task of a split system is to provide comfortable conditions life.

Types of split systems with admixture

The air conditioner with air flow from the street differs from the classic split system by the presence of a separate air duct. Models of this type differ from each other in the structure of this channel.

Consider the types of air conditioners:

1. With membrane. Such an air conditioner is equipped with a membrane, it is she who is responsible for the operation of the channel. Feature: uneven throughput. The membrane is designed so that oxygen passes through it better than other gases. Such devices are quite expensive and rarely found on the market.
2. Modular system. This is an addition to existing system in the form of a heat exchanger with an air duct. It is equipped with an outdoor unit and is installed outside the room next to the air conditioner. The module has two tubes through which air exchange and thermoregulation take place. Minus: overall outdoor unit and low air exchange. The modern market almost does not sell such designs, since they are significantly inferior to their counterparts.
3. Modified outdoor unit. This solution is the most logical and is a combination of cooling and ventilation units. between external and internal parts air conditioner, an air duct channel is installed to supply oxygen. Minus: high cost and average air exchange (the amount of ventilated oxygen is calculated for the presence of only one person in the room).

The price of air conditioners with air flow from the street starts from 30 thousand rubles. and depends on the required functionality.

Also on sale you can find modifications of these types of systems. But all of them have a drawback - a low rate of air exchange. Channel systems give a better result, but their installation is difficult for an ordinary apartment.

Duct split systems

Hitachi outdoor air conditioner

The most popular among the products of this manufacturer is the Air Exchanger series. These air conditioners are also distinguished by the presence of a modern Nano Titanium filter, which is able to capture, in addition to dust, formaldehyde and bacteria, as well as purify the air from odors.

When the night mode is on, the air conditioner independently regulates the temperature and humidity in the room. The system has a built-in pollution analyzer that provides information about the freshness and purity of the air.

Principle of operation: when laying a freon route, a hose is additionally installed to supply air masses. The outdoor and indoor units are equipped with oxygen supply fans. Due to this design, additional noise is created in the room.

Such air conditioners have an inverter type of control. This ensures the economy of the models and the smooth operation of the device.

Features of air conditioners Hitachi:

• High work efficiency.
• Inverter power control.
• Nanoparticle filter.
• Ozone-safe 410 freon.
• Ability to work in a wide range of temperatures.
• Micromesh fine filter.
• Air quality sensor.

Air conditioners Daikin with air admixture

Among Daikin products, the Ururu Sarara series is popular. These are modern models equipped with the latest technology. Air conditioners are quite expensive, but one such device can replace several. These are not just air conditioners, but at the same time effective cleaners and humidifiers.

Feature of the models: the system that is responsible for the air supply is located in the external unit, which minimizes the noise of the operating device.

Principle of work: air masses from the street pass through the filter located in the external block. Then they enter the blades of the cassette made of zeolite (a hygroscopic material that ensures the transfer of moisture), which direct the air into the heating zone.

Peculiarities:

• In automatic mode, the split system independently regulates the humidity in the room.
• The kit includes an 8-meter reinforced hose, which is made of antibacterial material.
• The air passes through the finest filters.
• Timer management.
• 3D airflow.
• Turbo mode and wide-angle blinds.

in warm and comfortable houses often have problems with natural ventilation, and as a result, the oxygen content drops sharply. This affects the health and activity of homeowners and employees of enterprises.

To solve the problem, use supply ventilation forced type. A modern air conditioner with an influx of fresh air is an example of efficient and affordable climate equipment.

A common mistake among users is that they consider any air conditioning system to be ventilated. In fact, only certain types of equipment can work with outdoor air masses in the active air exchange mode. To make it clearer, first consider the device of a conventional split system.

Household air conditioners, which are commonly called split systems, are a set of two separate modules that have a different structure and are located in different places. The first module is an evaporative unit, which is installed on the floor, hung on the wall or partially masked with a ceiling cladding. The second module is a remote compressor and condenser device, usually mounted on the facade of a building.

Schematic representation of the device with the indoor module mounted on the wall. The two modules are connected to each other by thin copper tubes through which freon moves. Tubes are hidden in strobes for decorative trim or in plastic boxes (+)

The principle of operation of the air conditioner is simple. Through the fences room air enters the unit, where it is cooled, and then discharged through the air ducts to the outside. The change in air temperature is based not on the production of cold, but on the transfer of thermal energy.

The carrier is freon, which enters the remote module in a gaseous state, and returns in a liquid state. To go into the gaseous phase, freon takes some of the heat from the exhaust air in the evaporator.

In fact, there is no replacement of air masses, and cooling (as well as heating and filtration) is carried out by recirculation. Supply equipment is arranged differently. An example of a split system with fresh air supply is a duct type device.

The design diagram of a duct air conditioner, which performs the functions of ventilation and temperature control inside the room. Required element designs - a heater built into the pipe (+)

Of course, ordinary split systems are easy to install, have many additional functions, have a beautiful modern design, but they, unlike the supply ones, do not freshen the air in the room - and this is their main disadvantage.

What is the feature of multi-split systems

Speaking about air conditioners in a general sense, it is necessary to mention multi-split systems, which are also used for equipment multi-room apartments, private houses, office and industrial buildings.

They differ from ordinary ones in that they have only one remote block, while there can be several internal ones. The minimum number is two modules, the maximum is limited to four. If use more indoor units, the system will lose its performance and will not operate at full capacity.

The number of pipelines increases, respectively, the cost of equipment increases and the installation of some parts of the structure becomes more complicated. It is important to create conditions for laying all connecting elements (+)

The multi-split system is not always used, but only in some cases when the installation a large number outdoor units is not possible for a number of reasons:

• the building is a historical or architectural monument;
• there is a ban on the installation of remote units on the facade;
• for hanging equipment, the architecture of the building provides for certain places limited in area.

Sometimes mounting a large number of remote modules is abandoned for aesthetic reasons: beautiful facade buildings, hung with large buildings, looks unpresentable.

Amendments are periodically made to the rules for the improvement of large cities, prohibiting the placement of air conditioners on facades overlooking the central streets. Exit - installation of the block on the courtyard wall of the building

The advantage of a multi-system is the installation of one remote module, the disadvantages are complex work on the installation of pipelines, a decrease in productivity and reliability. In addition, all indoor modules must operate in identical modes: either heating or cooling.

Supply duct models

The function of replacing exhaust air masses with air from the street is fully implemented only in ducted air conditioners, so we will analyze their features performance in details. A well-designed and installed channel split system copes with the tasks of ventilation and control of the microclimate in the premises.

Distinctive features of the air conditioner with inflow

Recirculation models of duct air conditioners (CC) are similar to conventional split systems in terms of operation, but they differ in design and installation location. Indoor modules are built into suspended ceiling structures, and air circulates through the channels connecting them to the outdoor unit.

Image gallery

It looks like a simple recirculation model that is not able to supply fresh air. In order for the system to perform the supply function, a built-in heater is required. This is regulated by the rules of SNiP, according to which the lower threshold for the temperature of air masses coming from the street should be +14 ° С.

If the outside air temperature is above -15 °C, the heat pump handles the heating function. However, with more low temperatures models of air conditioners with water or electric heaters. Heating equipment can be either additionally installed or built-in.

The heating system is equipped with an automatic unit, thanks to which the supply of fresh air to the various modes, depending on the season. The control of the automatic block is carried out using the remote control

Programmable air supply systems are more expensive than conventional wall-mounted room modifications, but they are much more efficient and more functional than them due to the combination of ventilation and air conditioning. The amount of oxygen in the air meets sanitary requirements, the temperature is easily regulated, and appearance does not create discomfort, since all the working parts of the system are in the invisible zone, above the ceiling.

The principle of operation of the supply system

To transport air from the street to the premises, air ducts are provided, which are not found in conventional split systems. First, the air from the street through the outdoor unit moves into the insulated channel, then into the mixing chamber. There, the incoming air is combined with the exhaust air, refreshing it.

Then the air mixture passes through the filters and, according to the selected mode, is processed. Dehumidification, heating or cooling of air masses occurs. After that, the purified, filtered, partially refreshed air of a given temperature enters the premises.

Channel modifications with admixture are used in large rooms, which are separated from each other by non-capital partitions. These are apartments with ceilings from 3 m, clinics, catering establishments, sports and educational institutions, offices, etc.

As a rule, the temperature maintained depends entirely on the season. In summer, supply duct air conditioners work for cooling, in winter - for heating. In the cool season, the functioning of the heat pump is sufficient, the heater can not be used during this period.

Types of equipment with admixture

As you already understood, only duct equipment with air ducts and heating can fully cope with the replacement of air with fresh air. However, some other types of models can also provide ventilation, but within 10% of their performance. The share of fresh air is often referred to as "admixture", the main part of the air masses is occupied by the "working out" processed in the indoor unit.

Traditional wall models

Models, the indoor unit of which is mounted on the wall, are the most popular for the improvement of residential premises. There are models that provide a comfortable microclimate on an area of ​​10 m², but there is also more powerful equipment designed for halls up to 100 m². Not so long ago, inverter models equipped with a supply and exhaust fan appeared.

Regardless of whether the air conditioner is operating in heating or cooling mode, it can operate in parallel supply and exhaust system. An example of a wall-mounted outdoor unit is the Air Exchanger series. famous brand HITACHI.

Before entering the room, the air mixture is cleaned by a filter system from exhaust gases, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, etc., while eliminating odors

The wall-mounted evaporative unit is installed anywhere in the room, but the area near the window is preferable. The shorter the line between the indoor and outdoor units, the higher the productivity of the equipment. Wall models have a pleasant design and a large set of additional options.

Cassette air conditioning systems

Often in public buildings you can find air conditioners with internal cassette-type modules. Such systems are suitable for servicing large areas– from 40 m² to 150 m². They are high performance and stand out. minimum indicators noise.

The working part of the models is placed above the suspended ceiling structure, only visible decorative lattice standard size 60x60 cm. The movable parts of the grille are controlled from the remote control or from the adjustment panel installed on the wall

The performance of cassette air conditioners is from 3 kW to 15 kW, the main functions are lowering the temperature in the hall or working in the heat pump mode. A common design is in which air is taken from the hall through a central hole, and the supply is carried out along four guides in different directions. If one cassette is used, then it is mounted in suspended structure in the center of the room.

On the market you can find both traditional modifications and cassette systems with admixture. For example, Airwell CK air conditioners are designed for installation of multi-split systems and, thanks to the built-in heater and air ducts, carry out a metered supply of fresh air. Advantages - beautiful design and high performance, disadvantage - installation only in a suspended structure.

Floor and ceiling devices

In some rooms there are no conditions for mounting cassette models, and the performance of wall-mounted air conditioners is not enough. In this case, universal floor-to-ceiling devices are used, which have fasteners for installation on the floor and for hanging from the ceiling.

The Japanese company Daikin specializes in the production of floor and ceiling devices with a mixture of 10% fresh air. New supply models save up to 30% of electricity and have high cost- from 60 thousand rubles. and higher

Air conditioning is carried out thanks to a jet of purified air, which is directed along the ceiling or wall - depending on the installation location. The highest power of devices is 15 kW, but for relatively small rooms (40 m²), equipment with parameters of 5-6 kW is sufficient.

Column models of split systems

As the name suggests, air conditioners are shaped like columns leaning towards the ceiling. They surpass other types in terms of power (average 17 kW) and can serve rooms up to 180 m².

The principle of operation of column-type models is the same as that of previous air conditioners, however, they differ in the supply of purified air. The jet is not directed along the walls and not in the center of the room, but towards the ceiling. There, the cooled air diverges in different directions and descends, displacing the already heated air.

An example of a column device with an inflow mode is General Climate GC. The air exchange is more than 1900 m³/h, and the heating power is 22 kW. Cost - 109 thousand rubles.

Recirculation models with a partial admixture of clean air have high performance, but their noise level is higher than that of steel types– up to 50 dB.

Benefits of multi-zone air conditioning

Multi-zone room service is a more advanced version of multi-split systems, which creates a certain microclimate over a large area. Fundamental difference from standard split systems - an increased length of highways connecting modules located in different places.

Advantages of the multizone system:

• up to 20 indoor units can be connected to 1 remote unit;
• distance from the internal module to the external one - up to 150 m (in some cases - more);
• height difference between modules - 50 m.

Thanks to the listed parameters, the remote outdoor module is installed in the most convenient remote places - in the attic, roof, in the yard behind the fence, etc.

Scheme possible installation outdoor unit. If for some reason it is impossible to carry out installation on the roof, the module is installed directly in the courtyard of the house, ensuring safety

The multi-zone system is more economical, since the inverter control allows you to change the capacity of the system depending on the number of functioning indoor units. In this case, you can use modules that are completely different in type and performance. Adjustment and control over the operation of all equipment can be done in the system mode, from one remote control.

Before purchasing a split system for home use or for office use, you must first decide whether ventilation is needed. Perhaps the room is equipped efficient system ventilation and does not need additional devices of this type.

If the air exchange is weak, pay attention to the models of supply air conditioners.

For rooms with high ceilings, any built-in models are suitable - channel, cassette. But do not forget that in order to mask the working elements, you will have to build a suspended structure.

If the ceilings are low (for example, 2.5 m), the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bceiling models will not work. Perhaps, according to the technical characteristics, it is possible to choose a device with a wall-mounted module, which simultaneously carries out air intake from the street. For large rooms, a more productive model will be required, for example, with a floor-to-ceiling installation.

Hotel halls, foyers and vestibules are large. In addition to channel systems, column models are installed in them, which are distinguished by their productivity and high air exchange rate.

Regardless of the type of device, it is necessary to analyze its technical characteristics and performance: to clarify what area the model is designed for, what is its power, whether it is possible to connect additional modules. The latest programmable air conditioners with a large list of additional options are much more expensive, but some features are really important.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

To better understand the device and the principle of operation of the supply split systems, we suggest watching an overview video.

Video review of Haier ducted air conditioners:

About the advantages of channel type models:

More about multizone systems:

To enrich the air in the room with oxygen, it is not necessary to keep open window or install additional ventilation. Sometimes it is enough to correctly choose an air conditioner model, which, if necessary, will not only cool / heat the room, but also carry out air exchange.