Connection of copper pipes. How to connect a copper tube in various ways Connecting copper tubes with fittings

Copper pipes are used in the installation of hot water, cold water, air conditioning, heating, gas supply systems. They are expensive, but durable, plastic, resistant to corrosion. But in order for engineering communications from them to last for decades, the connection of copper pipes must be done correctly.

We will tell you how the installation of copper pipelines is carried out, ensuring the tightness of the transported medium or the circulating coolant. The article presented for review describes in detail the installation technologies. Based on our advice, the construction of systems will be done “perfectly”.

To perform the installation of internal pipelines in the house, you can choose a pipe made of plastic, metal-plastic or stainless steel. But only an analogue made of copper is able to serve without problems and overhaul for more than half a century.

Properly installed copper piping systems in practice work properly throughout the entire period of operation, which is assigned to a cottage or apartment building.

According to accident statistics, the fittings and joints used for installation by soldering turn out to be more reliable than the copper pipes themselves - if a breakthrough occurs in the system, then only on the wall of the tubular product

Copper pipes are not afraid of long-term thermal loads, chlorine and ultraviolet. When freezing, they do not crack, and when the temperature of the internal environment (water, sewage, gas) changes, they do not change their geometry.

Unlike plastic counterparts, they do not sag. This plastic is subject to expansion at high temperatures, with copper this does not happen by definition.

Pipe copper products have two drawbacks - the high price and the softness of the metal. However, the high cost of the material pays off with a long service life.

And so that the walls of the pipes are not damaged from the inside by erosion, filters must be installed in the system. If there is no pollution in the form of solid particles in the water, then there will be no problems with the destruction of pipelines.

Pipe processing and welding requirements

When working with copper pipes, the following rules must be observed:

1. When mounting cold water or hot water pipes by soldering, the use of lead solder should be excluded - lead is too toxic.
2. The water flow rate must not exceed 2 m/s, otherwise the smallest particles of sand or other solid matter will gradually begin to destroy the pipe walls.
3. When using fluxes, after completion of installation, the pipeline system must be flushed without fail - the flux is an aggressive substance and will contribute to the corrosion of copper pipe walls.
4. When soldering, overheating of the junction should not be allowed - this can lead not only to the formation of a leaky joint, but also to loss of strength of the copper product.
5. Pipe transitions from copper to other metals (steel and aluminum) are recommended to be performed using brass or bronze adapter fittings - otherwise steel and aluminum pipes will quickly begin to corrode.
6. Burrs (metal deposits) and burrs at the cutting points must be removed - their presence leads to the formation of turbulent eddies in the water flow, which contributes to erosion and a reduction in the operational life of the copper pipeline.
7. When preparing copper pipes for connection, it is strictly forbidden to use abrasives - their particles left after installation inside will lead to damage to the metal and the formation of a fistula.

If in the plumbing or heating system in the house, in addition to copper, there are also pipes or elements made of other metals, then the water flow should go from them to copper, and not vice versa. The flow of water from copper to steel, zinc or aluminum will lead to rapid electrochemical corrosion of pipeline sections from the latter.

Copper pipes are cut and bent without problems, even a novice master is able to cope with their connection into a single pipeline system. You just need to choose the right tools and follow the instructions.

Due to the ductility and strength of the metal, copper pipes are easily cut and bent. The pipeline can be rotated either by using a pipe bender or by using fittings. And for branching and connecting with various devices, there are many parts made of heat-resistant plastics, brass, stainless steel and bronze.

On the interaction of copper with other metals

In most private houses, household water pipes are assembled from steel and aluminum pipes. In heating systems, there are also radiators made of steel or aluminum. Incorrect insertion into such a copper pipe layout is fraught with considerable problems.

According to building codes, in order to exclude corrosion processes in the pipeline from pipes of different metal, the water flow should be directed to copper

The most optimal installation option is the use of pipes and devices exclusively from copper and its alloys. Now you can easily find bimetallic aluminum-copper radiators, as well as the corresponding fittings and valves. Combining different metals is only in extreme cases.

If the combination is unavoidable, then copper should be the last in the chain of pipeline elements. It is impossible to rid it of the ability to conduct electric current.

And in the presence of even a weak current, this metal creates galvanic couples with steel, aluminum and zinc, which inevitably leads to their premature corrosion. When installing a water supply system, it is imperative to insert bronze adapters between them.

Another potential problem is the oxygen in the water. The higher its content, the faster the pipes corrode. This applies to pipelines both from the same metal, and made from different ones.

Often, cottage owners make a serious mistake by often changing the coolant in the heating system. This only leads to the addition of completely unnecessary portions of oxygen. It is best not to change the water completely, but to add it when the need arises.

Mounting Choice: Detachable vs Fixed

In order to form a single pipeline system, you can use several methods of their articulation. Different plumbers use crimp and press fittings, welding or soldering. But before you start work yourself, you need to decide whether the pipeline should be one-piece or detachable.

There are three installation technologies for connecting copper pipes:

• electric welding;
• soldering with a torch or electric soldering iron;
• pressing.

All these technologies can be applied in the formation of both detachable and non-detachable systems. It is more a matter of using a variety of fittings and adapters or abandoning them.

If the structure cannot be disassembled without destroying its individual parts, then it is considered one-piece - it turns out to be cheaper, but it is more difficult to repair

If the pipeline system needs to be detachable, as well as simpler in terms of repair and adding new elements, then the connections must be made detachable.

For this, fittings are used:

• compression;
• threaded;
• self-locking.

Detachable connections are easier to make on your own, you can even do without soldering. They do not require unnecessarily high qualifications from the master.

However, such units need constant inspection and tightening of the nuts to prevent leaks. Pressure and temperature fluctuations in the system lead to loosening of the fasteners. And from time to time it is recommended to pull them up.

If it is planned to close access to copper pipes tightly with a finish or concrete screed, then it is best to connect them into a one-piece structure by soldering or welding. Such a system is more reliable, durable and resistant to gusts.

Threading is prohibited on copper products. This metal is too soft in structure. When installing a detachable pipeline, all threaded connections must be made using fittings. The latter can be connected to a copper pipe by pressing or soldering.

Before making connections, copper pipes are prepared in a special way:

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Copper pipe is cut with a hacksaw or a pipe cutter. The cutting line must be exactly at a right angle.

After cutting, the end of the pipe must be processed with a deburring tool to remove the slightest bumps and burrs

The part of the pipe immersed in the socket prepared for soldering is thoroughly cleaned of dirt and degreased.

It is mandatory to clean and degrease the socket of the coupling, bend or tee, which will be soldered to the pipe

Cutting copper pipe before joining

Deburring with a deburring tool

Degreasing and cleaning the outer surface

Cleaning the coupling socket and fitting

Three main connection methods

Before connecting the pieces of copper pipes, they must be cut in accordance with the wiring diagram and prepared. You will need a pipe cutter or a hacksaw, a pipe bender and a file. And for cleaning the ends, fine-grained sandpaper will not hurt either.

Only having a diagram of the future pipeline system in hand, you can calculate the required amount of consumables. It is necessary to decide in advance where and what diameter the pipes will be mounted. It is also necessary to clearly understand how many connecting elements are required for this.

Option #1: Copper Pipe Welding

Automated or manual welding of copper pipes requires electrodes and gas to create a protective atmosphere (nitrogen, argon or helium). You will also need a DC welding machine and, in some cases, a torch. The electrode can be graphite, tungsten, copper or carbon.

The main disadvantage of this installation technology is the significant differences in the characteristics of the resulting seam and pipe metal. They differ in chemical composition, internal structure, electrical and thermal conductivity. If the welding is not performed correctly, the joint may subsequently even disperse.

Due to the alloying of copper as a result of the action of the deoxidizer present in the electrode, the weld in many respects differs greatly from the base metal being welded.

Welding copper pipes can only be correctly connected by a qualified craftsman. This requires certain knowledge and skills.

This installation option has a lot of technological nuances. If you plan to do everything yourself, but there is no experience with a welding machine, then it is better to use a different connection method.

Option #2: Capillary soldering

In domestic conditions, copper pipes are rarely connected by plumbing welding. This is too complex, requiring specialized skills and time consuming. It is easier to use the method of capillary soldering using a gas burner or a blowtorch.

The technology of soldering copper pipes with solder is based on the capillary rise (leakage) of the latter after melting along the gap between two pressed metal planes

Soldering copper pipes happens:

• low-temperature - soft solders and a blowtorch are used;
• high-temperature - refractory alloys and a propane or acetylene torch are used.

These methods of soldering copper pipes do not have much difference in the end result. The connection in both cases is reliable and tensile. The seam with the high-temperature method is somewhat stronger. However, due to the high temperature of the gas jet from the burner, the risk of burning through the metal of the pipe wall increases.

Solders are used based on tin or lead with the addition of bismuth, selenium, copper and silver. However, if the pipes are soldered for a drinking water supply system, then it is better to refuse the lead version due to its toxicity.

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To implement low-temperature welding, it is not necessary to have special equipment and special skills of the performer. You can do it on your own

Low-temperature solder joints are mainly used in the assembly of pipelines from R 220 soft pipes. They withstand a pressure of 220 N / mm², which does not exceed the operating parameters in domestic heating and water supply networks

To perform low-temperature soldering, it is enough to heat up the pipe and solder with a standard blowtorch

To create a melt that fills the capillaries and the gap between the connected pipes, low-melting solder is used, which quickly melts and spreads freely along the socket

Low temperature welding at home

Cove with soft copper pipes

Blowtorch for low temperature soldering

Use of low-melting solder

There are two ways to solder copper pipelines:

• socket;
• with fittings.

The first option involves expanding the end of one of the connected pipes with a special expander. Then this socket is put on the second pipe, and the joint is soldered with solder.

The end is expanded in such a way that a gap of 0.1–0.2 mm remains between the outer and inner walls of the products to be joined. More is not needed. Solder on it due to the capillary effect will still fill the entire gap.

In this technology, it is important not to damage the pipe during expansion. If it is made of hard copper (R 290), then it will have to be fired first. In this case, the metal at the junction acquires the properties of a soft analogue. It is important to keep these changes in mind when calculating the parameters of the working pressure in the pipeline.

The use of special fittings for capillary soldering eliminates errors with the degree of expansion of the pipe during the formation of the socket, they are initially adjusted to the desired dimensions

To simplify the do-it-yourself soldering of copper pipeline elements, it is enough to purchase ready-made couplings, turns, tees and plugs. They already have the necessary bell. The use of these parts leads to an increase in the cost of installation work, but greatly simplifies them.

To clean the metal at the place of soldering and lubricate the solder, the ends of the pipes to be joined are covered with flux. It should only be applied to the outside of the pipe walls. Bells and fittings are not processed from the inside. This is simply not necessary.

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High temperature soldering requires the use of a gas propane or acetylene torch

For prompt low-temperature melting, fittings with fusible solder fused into them are used. They can be used for high temperature soldering.

To improve the quality of the solder, the pipe sections to be joined are coated with a flux, which plays the role of lubrication and pickling of the metal. Borax is used as a flux in high temperature soldering.

For the production of high-temperature soldering, a refractory solder made of bronze or an alloy of silver and copper is required. It is supplied in the form of rigid rods with a diameter of 3 mm.

Propane or acetylene gas burner

Using Welded Solder Fittings

Flux treatment of the joint area

Solder rod

To perform soldering, the pipes are inserted into the socket and heated with a burner. When the desired temperature is reached, solder is brought to the gap. It starts to melt and flow inside.

If too much of it gets into the joint, it will flow out from inside the pipeline, which will lead to a narrowing of the internal diameter of the pipe. And at a low flow rate, the connection will not be soldered enough.

If problems arise with the use of solder, then you can use fittings in which it is already present in the required volumes. To simplify the work, a capillary belt made of the corresponding alloy is now introduced into these connecting elements from the inside at the factory. This part only needs to be put on the pipe and heated with a burner.

Option #3: Push-In Fittings and Press Couplings

One-piece connection of copper pipes can also be performed using press couplings or compression (collet) fittings. They use an o-ring instead of solder. The first option is clamped on the pipe with special tongs, and the second - with union nuts and a key to them.

The connection of copper pipes is made in three ways: on compression fittings, by means of capillary soldering and using press fittings. Each of these methods has its pros and cons. It all depends on the conditions in which it is planned to operate the plumbing system.

Connections on compression (compression) fittings

The main advantage of this technique is ease of installation, a minimum of auxiliary tools. Each person will be able to cope with such work, because you only need to tighten the nuts with two keys. Disadvantages of connection through fittings: limited maximum pressure (up to 10 bar) at a system temperature of 100 degrees.

Connection of copper pipes with compression fittings

During installation, it is also extremely important to prevent the slightest distortion. If the fittings are intended for "soft" pipes, a special bushing is required. The last factor is extremely important, but it is often neglected.

Connections made by capillary soldering

The advantages of soldering: accuracy and evenness of the seams, the minimum amount of solder required, democratic value. Operating characteristics: maximum working pressure 40 bar at maximum system temperature 150 degrees. Capillary soldering requires a torch (on propane or acetylene), flux, solder. This method of connecting copper pipes requires a certain experience and knowledge from a person.

With press fittings

Advantages of installation work without soldering: high reliability, average cost with a quick payback. To perform work without soldering, by means of press fittings, a minimum of knowledge and skills is required from a person. Connecting copper pipes in this way is a matter of minutes.

How to connect copper pipes with steel?

Traditionally, copper products are mounted with steel parts using compression (compression) fittings. Work technology:

The fitting is disassembled, then a pipe is inserted into it, on which a compression ring and a clamping nut are preliminarily put on.

The nut is tightened by hand until it stops. It is important to ensure that there are no distortions. Based on the diameters of the copper pipe or the instructions indicated in the passport documents or special tables, the nut is tightened by a certain number of turns with a wrench. Usually the number of turns is from ½ to ¼. It is important to follow the recommended RPM. Otherwise, the pipe may be deformed.

Connecting copper products to steel parts is quite simple. If you still don't understand something, we strongly recommend watching the instructional video, which explains in detail how to mount copper parts with steel pipes.

Mounting technology

How to connect copper products?

1. Cut off, as in the previous version, the desired segment of the product;
2. The outer and inner parts are cleaned of contaminants using a special ruff or sponge for copper;
3. The pipe is inserted into the capillary fitting to the limit, flux is applied, the excess of which can be removed with a clean cloth;
4. The connection is heated by means of a gas burner or a special building hair dryer, solder is applied. The solder should melt and evenly fill the mounting gap;
5. We are waiting for the natural cooling of the solder. Flux residues are removed with a damp and clean cloth.

Now you know how to connect copper pipes in several ways. If something in the installation of copper products seems unclear to you, you can always watch the instructional video. In principle, this work is quite simple and you can do it yourself, without resorting to the services of professionals.

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How to connect copper pipes

Flare connection

2. Put the coupling on the pipe.

Threaded connection

Fitting is being prepared;

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How to solder copper pipes - soldering copper pipes

Pipe products made of copper materials and their alloys no longer look like a novelty in our heating systems; in addition, they are increasingly found today in modern water and gas supply lines of residential buildings and industrial enterprises. These reliable and plastic products are currently widely used as critical components of modern air conditioning systems and refrigeration units of various profiles.

copper pipe

All this is quite enough for us to have a desire to learn how to form one-piece connections from such products, or rather, to get acquainted with how to solder copper pipes at home. The fact is that the known techniques for connecting copper pipes have been used since ancient times and involve the introduction of a special molten adhesive composition or solder into the contact zone. What is especially important to know when mastering the process of soldering copper pipes is that reliable welding contact is obtained, as a rule, only when the melting temperature of the solder itself is slightly lower than the melting point of the pipes being welded.

We also note that high-quality and reliable soldering of copper pipes with your own hands will require the performer to be especially careful when working with the products to be welded, as well as certain theoretical training.

Benefits of Welded Copper Joints

Copper pipe welding

It is impossible not to mention in our article the many evidences that additionally confirm the undeniable advantages of copper structures obtained by the welded method. Such mentions only increase the ever-growing demand for products that are distinguished by a whole set of rather unique properties:

• durability and strength of welded copper products;
• availability and ease of processing of copper material;
• the ability to select the conditions for the formation of a welding contact (adjusting the welding mode).

In addition, the use of the latest welding techniques will allow you to save on mandatory assembly spare parts such as standard adapters and fittings, which significantly reduces the overall cost of manufacturing welded heating pipes.

Copper pipe soldering methods and tools used

When carrying out special operations related to welding of pipe blanks of various diameters, the following temperature conditions are most often used:

1. High-temperature mode with thermal heating of the melt zone up to 900 degrees, used for workpieces under significant loads.
2. The low-temperature processing mode, most often practiced in everyday life with a working temperature in the contact zone up to 450 degrees.

Gripper-pipe cutter

You may need the following tool to help you fix the jointed pipes during the soldering process:

• A special grip-pipe cutter that provides an even cut of the workpiece at the place of its intended welding.
• Chamfer preparation tool (including deburring).
• A special kind of expansion mechanism used to prepare the soldering site to a depth approximately equal to the diameter of the workpieces to be welded.
• And, finally, the welding machine itself or the gas burner, which is directly used for soldering copper joints.

soldering torch

In addition to this, you will certainly need a building thermal hair dryer, through which it will be possible to heat the joints of the workpieces up to 650 degrees (used mainly when working with low-melting solders).

Building hair dryer

The presence in the current tool kit of such a heating-welding machine will allow its owner to very easily regulate the temperature regime in the welding zone, as well as maintain it at an optimal level. In addition, a wide range of interchangeable nozzles included in the working kit of the welding device provides you with the ability to direct a jet of heated air to any place convenient for you.

Materials used in soldering copper blanks

Before soldering heating pipes with their own hands, any performer is simply obliged to thoroughly familiarize himself with the working materials used as thermal solders. In addition, he should certainly be aware that all these materials, according to their refractoriness characteristics, are divided into solders of hard and soft categories.

Solders

Solder

The so-called high refractoriness solders outwardly resemble elongated rods of an arbitrary profile and are usually used when it is necessary to heat the metal in the soldering zone to the highest possible temperatures (up to 900 degrees Celsius). Such temperatures provide a high-quality and reliable solder contact.

Note! Such soldering materials are mainly used in repair and restoration work carried out on critical supply lines or in the repair of industrial air conditioners and special refrigeration equipment.

The most typical representatives of solder solders of this class include self-fluxing copper-phosphorus compositions equipped with a variety of additives (such as Cu94 P6 and Cu92 P6 Ag2). A 6% addition of silver or phosphorus, almost imperceptible to the eye, will allow you to lower the working melting temperature of such a solder up to 750 degrees. And this is provided that the actual expansion rates of the materials used are almost exactly the same as for copper, which makes it possible to obtain a strong and reliable connection.

soft solder

Solders, colloquially called "soft", got their name due to the fact that they are used in the process of low-temperature processing of copper tubes produced at home. They are made, as a rule, in the form of rather thin wires and are developed on the basis of such popular chemicals as lead, tin, zinc or their alloys known to all of us.

Fluxes

Flux for soldering

In order to simplify the procedure for soldering copper pipes with your own hands, special pasty or even liquid compositions are often used (they are also called fluxes). It is important to note that often the success or failure of the operation performed can largely depend on the competent selection of one or another flux.

Like solders, the materials we are considering are also conditionally divided into low-temperature reagents (up to 450 degrees) and high-temperature chemical components used in soldering above 450 degrees.

These chemicals are used for the following purposes:

• help to clean the soldering area from harmful oxides;
• protect the working area from the ingress of oxygen, which is always contained in the environment;
• form favorable conditions for the uniform distribution of the soldering composition in the places of soldering;
• improve the quality of adhesion of products with solder.

During the work, the solder, heated to the required temperature, spreads evenly over the parts of the parts to be soldered, thus forming a reliable connection. After the soldering contact has cooled down, all excess flux is simply removed from the processing zone.

Video

This video is about soldering pipes with soft solder:

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How to connect copper pipes | All about pipes

Installation of copper pipelines involves the ability to properly make pipe and fitting connections. We will talk about this in this short article.

Copper pipes can be connected to the coupling without flaring the end of the pipe. The advantage of such a connection is that it can be disassembled and reassembled at any time. In the same place where it is not possible to work with a gas burner or it is impossible to completely drain the water from the old pipe, a flared connection is used. Such a connection is made as follows. The first step is to process the end of the pipe so that its surface is perfectly flat. After that, a coupling is put on the pipe, and a flaring cone is directed inside the pipe. After that, pull the flare clamp and slowly turn the flare screw. This must be done until the expansion angle of the pipe reaches forty-five degrees. After that, the screw must be unscrewed, the clamp loosened and the flaring device removed from the pipe. Now the coupling can be shifted towards the end of the pipe until it stops and tighten the nut.

However, more often copper pipes are interconnected using fittings. Unlike plastic pipes, fittings in copper pipes are not crimped, but soldered. Such soldering can be both high-temperature and low-temperature. In the first case, hard solder rod with a high melting point is used. The heating of pipes and fittings in this case should be done with acetylene or propane burners, since the temperature of their flame is very high. Low-temperature soldering uses soft solder in the form of a wire. Warming up can be done with a conventional blowtorch. In practice, high-temperature soldering is used for socket joints, and low-temperature soldering for fittings. The soldering technology is simple. First, the soldered surface of the pipe and fitting is cleaned of oxide and covered with flux. Then a fitting is put on the pipe and the place of the future connection is heated until the molten solder fills the gap between the pipe and the fitting. It should be borne in mind that the solder should not melt in the flame of the burner, but from the temperature of the heated metal. After cooling, the connection acquires high strength. After that, it remains only to remove the remaining flux from the surface.

Threaded connections are also used in copper pipelines. They must be handled with extreme caution, since copper threads can be torn off without even applying excessive force. In threaded connections for copper pipes, a ferrule is always used, which is designed to evenly distribute the load over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe connection. This work is done in the following sequence. First, the end of the pipe is processed, then a union nut is put on the pipe, and a compression ring is put on the very edge. Then the fitting is inserted into the pipe until it stops and the union nut is carefully tightened.

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How to connect copper pipes - construction

How to connect copper pipes

Copper pipes are connected when arranging various pipelines, using fittings and special methods. Everyone needs to know how to connect copper pipes, since obtaining a reliable joint requires certain conditions to be met.

Flare connection

Soft copper pipes are very often connected to a coupling in which the non-flared end of the pipe is sealed. It is not difficult to dismantle such a joint, and then it can be easily restored. Usually, a flared connection of copper pipes is used when it is dangerous to work with a burner and it is impossible to completely drain the water from the old pipe. The order of work is as follows:

1. Clean the end of the pipe. In this case, you need to remove all the burrs.

2. Put the coupling on the pipe.

3. Insert the pipe into the calibrated flare hole. Squeeze it in there well. The hole should be the same diameter as the pipe itself. Install the end of the pipe at the same level or slightly above the clamping surface.

4. Put a fixture on the clamp. Start turning the screw until the cone flares at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the end of the pipe.

5. Remove the pipe from the calibrated hole. Then you need to bring the coupling close to the flared edges. Wrap the threads of the coupling with sealing tape, and tighten the nut.

Connection with fittings

The connection of copper pipes with fittings reduces labor costs during installation, the time it takes to complete the work and guarantees the quality of the connection, since there is no metal retraction. Copper pipes with fittings are most often connected by capillary soldering, which is based on the capillary effect. There are two types of soldering copper pipes:

The soldering is high-temperature. For this method, rod refractory solders are used. Propane and acetylene burners are used to heat pipes;

The soldering is low-temperature. With this method, soft solders are used, which are rolled into coils. For this soldering, fire from an ordinary blowtorch is enough.

There are no special differences in these two methods, but high-temperature soldering is used for socket pipe connections, and low-temperature soldering is used on joints with fittings into which solder is fused.

The fitting method is as follows:

A fitting is put on a flux-coated pipe:

The joint is heated with a torch until the solder melts and closes the gap between the fitting and the pipe;

The structure is allowed to cool and then the exterior is cleaned with special cleaners for copper. After that, the pipe is ready for operation.

Threaded connection

The threaded connection of copper pipes is collapsible, and special ferrules are used. If there is a need for dismantling, the ring will need to be replaced. This type of connection is made as follows:

First cut off a piece of pipe of the required length;

If pipes with PVC insulation are used, it is necessary to remove the insulating layer from the end of the pipe with a sharp knife and remove the burrs that formed after the cut with a file;

Fitting is being prepared;

A union nut is put on the pipe, then a squeeze ring is put on;

The nut should be screwed on smoothly - at first it is twisted by hand, when it becomes impossible to do so, a key is used. During operation, the nut compresses the pipe and the joint is sealed.

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Press-N tee bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x3/4"x22 - a fitting-adapter from a threaded to a press connection if it is necessary to branch in the installation of copper pipes in cold and hot water supply systems, heating systems, sanitary equipment. The material of the press-N tee is bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x3 /4"x22 - bronze. The scope of the tee press-N bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x3 / 4 "x22 - water, air, glycols, fuel oil and other non-aggressive liquids. Operating conditions of the tee press-N bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x3 / 4"x22: maximum temperature 110 degrees Celsius, maximum allowable pressure - 10 bar. It is allowed only a single compression of the tee press-N bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x3/4"x22 with pressing tongs. Complete set of the tee press-N bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x3/4"x22 - HNBR sealing elements. Sanpress press fittings are equipped with the SC-Contur (micro-groove on the fitting) safety loop, which allows you to visually identify unpressed joints during pressure testing, and the resulting

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Discount price: RUB 1,851.00

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1 +1

Amount: RUB 1,851.00

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Tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 15x1 / 2 "x15 - a fitting-adapter from a threaded to a press connection if it is necessary to branch in the installation of copper pipes in cold and hot water supply systems, heating systems, sanitary equipment. The material of the press-B tee is bronze Sanpress VIEGA 15x1 / 2 "x15 - bronze. The scope of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 15x1 / 2 "x15 - water, air, glycols, fuel oil and other non-aggressive liquids. Operating conditions of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 15x1 / 2"x15: maximum temperature 110 degrees Celsius, maximum allowable pressure - 10 bar. Only a single compression of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 15x1 / 2 "x15 with press tongs is allowed. Complete set of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 15x1 / 2"x15 - HNBR sealing elements. Sanpress press fittings are equipped with the SC-Contur (micro-groove on the fitting) safety loop, which allows you to visually identify unpressed joints during pressure testing, and the resulting

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Discount price: RUB 731.76

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Shipment rate: 1 pc.

Number of units:

1 +1

Amount: RUB 731.76

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Tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x1 / 2 "x22 - a fitting-adapter from a threaded to a press connection if it is necessary to branch in the installation of copper pipes in cold and hot water supply systems, heating systems, sanitary equipment. The material of the press-B tee is bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x1 / 2 "x22 - bronze. The scope of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x1 / 2 "x22 - water, air, glycols, fuel oil and other non-aggressive liquids. Operating conditions of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x1 / 2" x22: maximum temperature 110 degrees Celsius, maximum allowable pressure - 10 bar. Only a single compression of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x1 / 2 "x22 with press tongs is allowed. Complete set of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 22x1 / 2" x22 - HNBR sealing elements. Sanpress press fittings are equipped with the SC-Contur (micro-groove on the fitting) safety loop, which allows you to visually identify unpressed joints during pressure testing, and the resulting

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Discount price: RUB 1,028.57

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Shipment rate: 1 pc.

Number of units:

1 +1

Amount: RUB 1,028.57

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Tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 28x1 / 2 "x28 - a fitting-adapter from a threaded to a press connection if it is necessary to branch in the installation of copper pipes in cold and hot water supply systems, heating systems, sanitary equipment. The material of the press-B tee is bronze Sanpress VIEGA 28x1 / 2 "x28 - bronze. The scope of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 28x1 / 2 "x28 - water, air, glycols, fuel oil and other non-aggressive liquids. Operating conditions of the press-B tee bronze Sanpress VIEGA 28x1 / 2"x28: maximum temperature 110 degrees Celsius, maximum allowable pressure - 10 bar. Only a single compression of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 28x1/2"x28 with press tongs is allowed. Complete set of the tee press-B bronze Sanpress VIEGA 28x1/2"x28 - HNBR sealing elements. Sanpress press fittings are equipped with the SC-Contur (micro-groove on the fitting) safety loop, which allows you to visually identify unpressed joints during pressure testing, and the resulting

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Discount price: RUB 1,286.42

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Shipment rate: 1 pc.

Number of units:

1 +1

Amount: RUB 1,286.42

The water socket crimp-B with a plastic ring TIEMME 10x1/2" is designed to connect copper and steel pipes with taps in the water supply system, heating and plumbing equipment. The material of the water socket crimp-B TIEMME 10x1/2" is CW617N brass with a plastic ring (P.T.F.E.) . The scope of the water socket is water, glycols, non-aggressive liquids, oil and compressed air. The norms for the pipe limit the operating conditions of the crimp-B water socket with a TIEMME 10x1 / 2 "plastic ring to the following data: the maximum operating temperature is 120 degrees Celsius, the maximum allowable pressure is 30 bar. The thread of the crimp-B water socket with a TIEMME 10x1 / 2" plastic ring - ISO 228 (GOST 6357-81), connection type - crimp and internal thread.

Pipe type fittings are used to connect pipes of a wide variety of diameters and sizes. Certain types of fittings are required to bend the pipeline, such as T-fittings and Y-fittings, as well as bends.

Main types of fittings

Straight fittings have components such as plugs, adapters, and couplings. Examples of fittings are shown in the figure below. How each fitting is made depends on the material used to make it.

Examples of steel, copper and plastic fittings

1. Copper fittings, both threaded and unthreaded:
2. T-piece.
3. End sleeve with 90 degree rotation.
4. U-shaped tee.
5. Couplings.
6. Adapter.
7. Copper and plastic fittings:
8. Fitting with internal thread.
9. Fitting rotated 90 degrees.
10. T-piece.
11. U-shaped tee.
12. Adapter.
13. Coupling.
14. Steel fittings:
15. Internal plug.
16. Threaded options.
17. Cap with plug.
18. Sgon.
19. Fitting option.

Photo fittings from a variety of materials

And now a small photo gallery showing the impressive variety of all kinds of fittings that are presented on our market.

Steel chrome fittings

Copper fittings

Fittings made of plastic (PVC)

Coupling, adapter and squeegee

The coupling is necessary for combining two pipe segments with the same diameters into one line. If the pipes have different diameters, you will need adapter. Used frequently drive is a steel tube with an external thread, which is usually available in small pieces up to 30 cm long.

The drive is necessary to increase the length of the pipeline and connect the pipe sections, which can be disconnected at any time. A plug is needed to block the end of the pipe. If pipes made of different materials are combined, then specialized fittings are required to connect them, some of which are shown in the figure below.

A variety of fittings for connecting pipes made of various materials

1. Fitting for connecting a copper pipe to a steel pipe:
2. Thread for screwing a metal pipe.
3. Copper pipe, connected by solder to another copper pipe.
4. Copper fitting, connects with copper pipe.
5. End for screwing into a nut.
6. Rubber gasket.
7. The plastic part is inserted into the nut.
8. Copper pipe.
9. Fitting connected by solder.
10. Fitting for connecting a plastic pipe to a copper pipe:
11. Steel pipe screwed into the nut.
12. End for screwing into a nut.
13. Rubber gasket.
14. Plastic pipe, glued into the insert in the nut.
15. Fittings for connecting plastic pipes to steel.
16. Plastic insert.
17. Screw.

Pipe connections of various materials

How is a steel pipe connected to a copper pipe? For this, a fitting is used, at one end of which there is a thread for fixing on a steel pipe. There is no thread on the other end, it is completely smooth, since the copper pipe will be fastened by soldering.

When installing a pipe in such a fitting, the threads should be wrapped with plastic sealing tape, after which the coupling is screwed onto the pipe. Such a sealing tape is necessary so that corrosion does not begin in the junction of two types of metal.

Steel and plastic fitting

Another example is a steel and plastic fitting. It is also made in two parts. The first part looks like a nut with a threaded segment that is screwed into a steel pipe. The other part is plastic, with gasket and nut also made of plastic.

Standard fitting consisting of steel and plastic parts

The nut is screwed onto another extension of the first part, which has an external thread. Further, a special solvent is used to fasten the plastic insert with a plastic pipe.

Fitting made of plastic and copper

There is also a popular fitting made of plastic and copper, which also includes two components. The first component has two ends. One is made of copper and has a thread, but the other end is completely smooth - it is he who is attached to the copper pipe by soldering.

Plastic fitting with copper thread

The other component is a plastic nut with a gasket. The nut is screwed onto a copper thread, and its other end is glued to a plastic pipe.

Fittings for copper and plastic pipes

Soldering is used to connect copper pipes, but plastic pipes are connected with a specialized adhesive or solvent. As for cast-iron risers, bushings are usually not used to connect pipes.

Standard method for connecting fittings and cast iron pipes without the use of bushings

1. Cast iron pipe.
2. Casing made of stainless steel.
3. Collar.
4. Part made of neoprene rubber.
5. T-piece made of cast iron.

Sleeves made of neoprene rubber are used to seal the joints of sewer pipes. In this case, the sleeve itself is fixed by a casing made of stainless steel.

The following figure shows options for some pipe connections without bushings.

Standard fittings for connecting cast iron pipes without bushings

1. T-piece.
2. curved segment.
3. Curved segment with flange, designed for the toilet.
4. U-shaped tee.

To fasten the casing directly, ordinary casings are used.

Video review of fittings for polypropylene pipes

Consider the use of special fittings for plastic polypropylene pipes. Types of fittings, their purpose and characteristics.

The materials from which pipes are made

For the manufacture of sewer pipes, materials such as plastic, cast iron and copper are used. In the construction of underground collectors located outside the building, glazed ceramic pipes are usually used.

However, it is not uncommon for a certain area to only allow a specific type of pipe. You can find out from local authorities.

The ideal option for a sewer pipe is cast iron pipe. It is perfect for creating collectors, sewer risers, sunbeds and ventilation. Any cast iron pipes are of two types - internal and heavy. The length of a standard cast iron pipe is 1.5 meters.

Cast iron toilet pipe

Copper pipes, with a yellow label, can also be used for sewer pipelines of any type.

Worth mentioning separately ceramic pipes, coated with a special glaze. Such pipes are reliably protected from the influence of sewage waste, whether it be various alkalis or acids.

As a rule, ceramic pipes are used as the basis of an underground collector of a house, at a distance of up to 1.5 meters from the foundation. Pipes are laid to the city collector or settling tank.

It is not recommended to use ceramic pipes inside the house.

Both inside and outside the house are actively used PVC and ABS pipes. The connection of pipes made of copper and plastic is carried out in the same way as water pipes. A detailed overview of each type of pipe will be presented in the following articles.

Copper pipes are widely used in various engineering systems of houses and apartments. The main advantages of the material is resistance to corrosion and high temperatures, as well as ultraviolet radiation. In addition, copper pipes can be easily bent to any angle, making it easy to do-it-yourself connections.

As a disadvantage, it is often indicated that the material has a high cost, however, with such excellent characteristics of the metal, its price cannot be low. Installation of copper pipelines is carried out using fittings. They can be crimp or solder, depending on this, the connection of copper pipes also differs. Crimp fittings create a detachable connection, and solder fittings create a one-piece connection.

The main advantages and areas of use of copper pipeline

Copper pipes have a working temperature from -200 to +250 degrees, as well as a low linear expansion, which allows them to be successfully used for such systems:

• heating;
• Plumbing;
• Conditioning;
• Gas transportation;
• Obtaining alternative energy, for example, solar systems.

When installing copper pipelines for supplying cold and hot water, you do not have to worry about overgrowing or silting of the internal section. Also, they are not destroyed by chlorine, which is added to tap water in high concentrations. On the contrary, chlorine creates the thinnest protective layer on the inner wall of pipelines, which significantly extends the life of the pipelines. In turn, a small amount of copper is released into drinking water, which has a beneficial effect on human health.

Features of installing pipes for water supply

Installation of copper plumbing for cold and hot water does not differ in technology. However, attention should be paid to the appearance of pipelines and related fittings: parts intended for hot water are thermally insulated with PVC film. Installation of copper pipes for water supply can be carried out in one of the following ways:

1. With the use of threaded fittings.
2. With soldering.

Push-in connections with threaded fittings are the easiest and most affordable way to install with your own hands.

Threaded fittings create detachable connections that can be unscrewed or tightened repeatedly as needed. In order to carry out the installation, you must:

1. Slide the compression nut onto the pipes.
2. Put on top of the compression ring.
3. Connect elements together.
4. Tighten the nut.

The compression ring is responsible for the tightness of the connection, therefore it cannot be reused. If the connection had to be untwisted, the rubber ring should be put in a new one. Copper pipes can be bent in any direction, and therefore there is an opportunity to save on the number of fittings.

Soldering is a somewhat more complicated installation method, however, it is quite doable with your own hands. It is necessary to be careful and observe all safety measures when working with open fire. The connection itself consists of the following steps:

1. Cleaning the ends of the pipe and fittings with sandpaper to bare metal.
2. A thin layer of soldering flux is applied with a brush.
3. The pipe is inserted into the fitting up to the maximum mark.
4. The connection point is heated with a gas burner or a building hair dryer.
   It is very important to evenly heat the elements to be joined, for this it is recommended to use a blowtorch with two burners.
5. When the heating temperature is sufficient to melt the solder, it is injected into the joint.
6. After curing, excess flux can be removed.

On sale are copper fittings with a pre-specified solder in a special groove. This simplifies do-it-yourself installation: you just need to insert the end of the flux-lubricated pipeline and heat it to the required temperature. The solder will melt and flow into the gap between the pipe and fitting, creating a secure connection.

Features of installing a heating system using copper pipes

Installation of copper pipes for a heating system begins with preparatory work. The material can be easily bent and cut, but it must be done in the right way. Key recommendations:

1. Before installation, it is necessary to cut the pipes into segments of the required length.
2. It is better to cut pipes for heating with a pipe cutter or a hacksaw.
3. The inner surface of pipelines must be free of burrs and metal chips. To complete this task, you will need a file and scraper.
4. The cut point must be leveled, especially in cases where the cutting was carried out with a hacksaw for metal, which slightly deforms the pipe.
5. You can bend the tubular product manually or using a special tool.
6. If the heating system has curved sections of a particularly complex shape, it is recommended to use a pipe bender. Such a bend will protect the material from unwanted creases, which can subsequently become a place of corrosion.
7. Products should be bent with the minimum allowable radius.
8. The bending radius when performing work with a pipe cutter must be at least 3.5 times the diameter of the pipeline. If pipes are bent by hand, a bending radius of at least 8 diameters should be performed.

The connection of elements of the copper heating system is carried out in two already known ways:

• Crimp fittings;
• soldering method.

Due to the fact that copper can be easily bent, installation is simple and requires a small number of fittings. However, it is necessary to remember some rules for combining materials in a heating system.

Copper pipes must not be connected to aluminum radiators.

If the use of aluminum radiators cannot be avoided, the transition must be made through a steel pipe. This will help to avoid the onset of corrosion when joining copper and aluminum. As for radiators made of other materials, such as steel or cast iron, there are no such problems.