Electromagnetic lock 4 wires wiring diagram. Do-it-yourself electromagnetic lock installation

Security issues are very acute for the owners of private country houses and dachas, due to the fact that these objects are often left unattended. However, even if there are owners, there is no full guarantee against the penetration of unauthorized persons into the territory. An intercom connection scheme with an electromagnetic lock in a private house will help to effectively solve this problem.

Positive qualities of electromagnetic locks

In conventional locks, the locking element extends under the action of a rotating key. A completely different principle of operation magnetic lock, which can be opened with a simple push of a button. It cannot be opened with a master key, and control is carried out without leaving the room.

The main characteristic of these locks is the holding power. Therefore, the device can be used in all types of doors - in internal, lightweight type and external, heavy structures. In the first variant, the holding force is about 150 kg, and in the second, this parameter is in the range from 300 to 500 kg.

The designs of electromagnetic locks differ depending on whether the doors open inward or outward. Therefore, they are equipped with sliding or holding mechanisms used for different types doors. Overhead locks are in greater demand, which can be installed without restrictions, both outside and inside. The main disadvantage of such locks is the unlocking of doors during a power outage. Therefore, they are not installed on entrance doors, but are mainly used to open gates and gates.

Types of intercoms

Among all types of intercoms, it is worth highlighting the designs of digital and coordinate matrix devices, which are used not only in private homes, but also in apartment buildings. They have their own connection schemes and are highly reliable.

In digital intercoms, the signal call is transmitted via a two-wire line. With the help of special jumpers, the signal is transmitted over a twisted mesh for a specific subscriber. Coordinate matrix intercom systems are mounted quite simply. Switching a call to a specific handset is carried out using a switch connected to a coordinate communication device.

For connection, two cables corresponding to the individual number are used. To establish a connection, the signal is transmitted to the switch. After the signal is processed by the modulator, it is connected to the desired cable. As a rule, a parallel connection is used, requiring polarity. In the event of an incorrect connection, not only a certain line, but the entire system may suffer.

Intercoms for private houses

Intercoms used in private homes have their own individual characteristics. Usually, one set is required to establish a connection, including an outdoor and indoor speakerphone. Many modern units have the ability to connect another handset or a second terminal to use the system in second floor rooms, garages and other remote locations.

Installation of such intercoms, unlike multi-user systems, is quite simple. Each specific model staffed detailed instructions which greatly simplifies the installation process. Standard system consists of a power supply, a home speakerphone, a speaker button for calls, an electromagnetic or electromechanical lock, and a communication cable.

You should separately consider the work of internal and external communicators. Some designs, in addition to sound, can be equipped with a visual communication channel. The outdoor speaker button consists of a camera, a speaker and a microphone. An additional screen is installed on the internal speaker, displaying all visitors. External video cameras can be additionally connected to the video intercom. In addition, the internal speaker is equipped with a special button that gives a command to open the doors.

How to connect an intercom with an electromagnetic lock

For correct connection intercom, you must use the wiring diagram supplied by the manufacturer. In the absence of connecting cables in the delivery set, it is recommended to use a cable with cores in multi-colored insulation. During installation, wires of the same color are connected in series to the terminals of each node.

In the absence of video communication, an outdoor speaker can be connected using a four-wire cable. Distribution takes place in the following way: one strand general purpose, the second supplies power to the electronic part, the third serves as a signal wire, the fourth - to power the lock. If you need to connect a video connection, you must use another residential. The signal wires included in the cable are without fail shielded from other wires.

Cable lines can be laid in the ground or placed on supports. In the first case, a corrugated or protective tube is used, with good water resistance and resistance to aggressive influences. When mounting on supports, the cable is tied to a cable or steel wire stretched between the pillars. This is due to the low mechanical strength signal cable, which without additional supports will stretch, and the cores will break from the inside. The connection diagram for an intercom with an electromagnetic lock assumes power through, which significantly increases the reliability and safety of the entire system.

Alexey

Installing a locking device, even the simplest one, requires skills in working with a tool. If you have no difficulties in this matter, then the installation of an electromechanical lock is quite affordable for you.

Yes, and connecting it to a video intercom will not cause any special problems, so you can safely get down to business.

If you are in doubt about own forces you can contact the experts. Today, there are companies providing this kind of service in every locality. In our article, we will give necessary recommendations for those who decide to do the installation themselves.

Features of electric locks

What is a locking device? This is one of the varieties of electric lock. Its principle of operation is based on the mechanical action on the locking mechanism, which is created by a solenoid or a miniature electric motor.

The advantages of this model include its unique characteristics.

After all, it is united in one whole best qualities traditional castles and high level comfort. In constructive terms, it differs from the classical one in that it can be controlled as plastic card or a remote key fob, or a classic key.

Outwardly, such locks are similar to classic mortise and overhead models. The only difference is the presence of locking elements equipped with electrical device, which includes crossbars and a solenoid.

We watch the video, the principle of operation and the device:

The installation of the lock largely repeats the installation of conventional models. But the locking of the door is provided by a locking bolt connected to the electric drive. Therefore, wires from the control device are suitable for the lock.

Let's move on to installation work.

The counterpart is positioned in accordance with the specifics of the design of the door frame. It can be done in two ways:

• Placement under the counterpart of the metal plate;
• Cutting the required opening with a grinder in the door frame.

We have reviewed general scheme installation of a laid on electromechanical lock. But there may be other mounting options, for example, on metal door. Mortise models also have their own scheme.

Connecting the lock to the intercom

If you decide to install a locking device in combination with an access control system, you can use one of standard schemes by choosing the simplest one. In it, the installation of a video intercom is carried out in the standard way, and a second cable is needed to connect a locking device to it.

The assembly principle of the installation and connection scheme of the electromechanical lock is as follows. First, a monitor and a power supply are installed, which will supply voltage to the locking device. From the intercom, the cable is connected to the panel, and from the battery to the lock. However, the last connection is made with a loop to the back of the ringer.

One of the supply cables is opened by the panel control contact, the second one remains free. With this connection, it turns out that by pressing the button, the locking device is controlled. A pulse is sent from the video monitor to the ringing device. It, in turn, closes the internal relay and voltage is applied to the lock - it opens.

We watch a video review, connecting to a video intercom:

It is also possible to use the wiring diagram with the controller. In this case, the lock can be opened using a magnetic key or a special card. This device stores the key codes in memory and controls the operation of the locking mechanism.

Basic installation requirements

If you decide to do everything yourself installation work, then we must take into account following points that may occur when connecting an electromechanical lock to a video intercom. It is important to take all measurements correctly. If mistakes are made in them, then the counterpart may be at a great distance from the main one, which will interfere with the normal functioning of the mechanism.

When installing the equipment, tighten all screws firmly. This is done because when the door strikes, they can relax. If they are loosely tightened, then over time it will be necessary to carry out installation on a new one.

After completing the installation work, take the time to test the lock. In the event of its unstable operation and periodic jamming, it is worth dismantling the equipment and reinstalling it, strictly observing all the manufacturer's requirements.

If you are sure that everything is done correctly, and the lock still does not work, then you will have to turn to the services of specialists. This will help save time and achieve a positive result.

The location of the equipment depends on the specifics of the building. If you decide to use an intercom and electric mechanical lock in own house, you can use a system that includes 2 or more panels, allowing you to control simultaneously from different rooms.

We watch video teamwork lock and intercom:

The monitor is usually located at the front door, but it can be installed in an office or living room. The purpose of the monitor is communication and remote control locking device.

The call panel is installed next to the front door. It can be with or without a video camera. Electromechanical lock for video intercom and intercom, you can choose any model. The power supply is determined depending on the system and its constituent parts. Connecting wires - experts recommend using a combined SHSM designed for such systems. All connections during installation should be soldered and insulated. This will help achieve effective work equipment under any conditions.

When buying wires, be sure to take into account how far apart the panel and monitor are from each other. If it is less than 30 m, then the above material is suitable. For systems with a longer length, experts recommend choosing a coaxial cable for transmitting a signal from the camera, for other connections - in a shielded braid. The cross section for the supply cable must be more than 0.75 mm² and the ShVVP brand.

Conclusion

The principle of connecting a video intercom in combination with electromechanical lock with his own hands was set out in our article. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in it, and if there is a desire, everyone can cope with this task.

Main distinctive characteristics electromagnetic lock- easy operation, high degree of protection, relatively easy installation and long service life. It is all these factors that should be considered when choosing door locks.

The principle of operation of an electromagnetic lock

The principle of operation of this type of locks is very simple. Due to the force of attraction of an electric magnet to a metal plate, it is difficult to open a door with this type of lock without a special key.

The iron plate is attached to door leaf and a magnet to the door. When an electric current enters its winding, the necessary electromagnetic field is formed, which attracts the plate on the door leaf. When a special command is given, which disables this field, the door opens. If the field is not turned off, then, accordingly, the electromagnetic lock will continue to work, and the door will not open.

Types of electromagnetic locks

Even this type of locks has its own subspecies, namely: with magnetic keys, mortise and overhead. They may also differ in internal design.

The most popular are mortise types of locks, because thanks to them, the structure and fasteners can be hidden at the end of the door and the electromagnetic lock will not take up extra space.

The advantage of electromagnetic locks over others

The friction between the elements is minimal, which means that the service life is quite long. Also, the installation of an electromagnetic lock and its connection will be possible even for a non-professional. The equipment does not lend itself to corrosion and freezing, because the mount is located in the doorway.

fasten electromagnetic lock on the door pretty quickly and easily. But if you are unsure of your abilities, then it is better to entrust this matter knowing person, as there is a risk of spoiling the door.

Disadvantages of locks

The only, but, at the same time, a significant drawback is the inability to work without electrical power. So if you do not have an additional power source that can work in a split second after a power outage, then all the benefits come to naught. If there is such a threat that the electromagnetic lock may lose power, then it is recommended to install it together with a mechanical or electromechanical lock.

Where are these locks installed?

Most often, electromagnetic locks are installed in offices and organizations, as well as on entrance doors apartment buildings. It is worth considering that they cannot be installed on the emergency exit door.

Other types of electronic locks

Everything electronic locks inherently are the most reliable and durable. The electromagnetic lock is just one of many. It is the simplest in its design and operation. But, as already mentioned, it has significant drawbacks that can be decisive when choosing this castle as a home.

Many prefer electromechanical devices, the system of which uses levers and a key cylinder. By appearance they are reminiscent of classic mechanical locks. However, they do contain an electromagnet. small size, which makes the whole system work. Outside, you can open the door with a key, and inside it will be enough to press a button, which is very convenient for apartment buildings, intercoms.

Electric motor locks are similar in principle to electromechanical locks. The difference is that the levers are driven by a small electric motor. The system provides the principle of "smooth opening", which extends the life of the lock.

Installation and connection

You can connect the electromagnetic lock yourself. The connection diagram is presented on many sites on the Internet. Also, you can find similar information on the official websites of manufacturers or contact them for advice.

When installing an electric lock, take into account its dimensions and weight, as well as in which direction the door will open. The patency of the doorway is very important. If the door is expected to be opened and closed frequently, an electromagnetic door lock is recommended due to its durability. But if there is even the slightest doubt about the continuity of electricity, which is necessary for normal operation such a lock, it is better to give preference to an electromechanical lock, which, in which case, can be opened with an ordinary key.

How to install an electromagnetic lock with your own hands

If you do not have enough money, but there is enough free time, then you can install an electromagnetic lock with your own hands. You will need:

• Electromagnetic lock.
• Copper wire with six branches with a cross section of half a square millimeter.
• Network version for intercom and controller.
• Backup or uninterruptible power supply.
• Copper power wire with a cross section of 0.75 and 0.5 square mm.
• Call button panel.
• Key and reader for this key.
• Video intercom.

On the entrance doors or gates, install a call panel, a key reader and an electromagnetic lock itself. The connection diagram is as follows: power up the lock, and place the controller in a water-repellent case. The power supply must be installed indoors together with the video intercom. Now you need to connect everything with wires in order for the circuit to work. Wire from the call panel to the video intercom. You also run one line to the mains, controller and intercom. The power of the last two lines should be equal to twelve volts.

As you can see, the circuit of the electromagnetic lock is very simple. But if you have not previously been involved in installing and connecting such things, then it is better to ask for help or advice from a professional. If you buy a lock in a specialized store, then you will certainly be offered their assistance in installing and connecting. In addition, there you will receive a guarantee, and in which case, you can demand a monetary refund.

Installation of an electromagnetic lock in the door

If you are going to install an electromagnetic lock on a wooden door, you may be faced with the question of how to properly cut the door for the lock. to install mortise lock on your own, you will need:

• Simple pencil.
• Drill.
• Hammer.
• File.
• Screwdriver.

First, determine how high the castle will be from the floor. Usually this height is one meter.

Attach the lock to the door and circle it with a pencil. It is necessary to apply to the butt. Now, choose a drill bit that will match the thickness of the lock. If you don’t have one, then it is allowed to use a drill that is a little less castle. Mark the allowable drilling distance on it.

Drill to the bottom mark. The resulting hole must be "brought to mind." Trim its walls so that it is smooth and fits well with the castle. From time to time try on the lock and cut out the excess with a file.

When the lock will go all the way, you can outline with a pencil where to cut out the front plate. It may be more convenient for you to choose required space with extended lock. It can be attached to the door, opposite the already cut hole. Drill the necessary new holes.

Insert the lock and fix it with screws. Check how the whole structure works. Close the door and turn the key, do it with force so that there are marks on the door frame.

Drill holes according to the marks and trim the walls in the same way as you did before. Prepare a notch for the bar and connect the electromagnetic lock to the mains. The device is completely ready.

It often happens that if the client installs the lock himself, and during the connection some kind of malfunction is detected, then the guarantee does not apply, that is, the money is not returned. Therefore, be extremely careful and attentive. Measure everything several times, consult with family and friends. Try on the lock after each cut. After all, if you remove something that was not necessary, then the lock will simply fall out or move too much in the door, as a result of which the screws with which it is fixed will not hold it, but, on the contrary, will spoil the door and grind holes even more.

It is also recommended to install a lock on removed door to make drilling easier. After all, the drill must be held strictly perpendicular to the door, not to move or lean to the sides. Do not rely on the fact that you can cut everything neatly without preliminary marks, most often this is a rash opinion.

Modern home security systems have long gone ahead, focusing on electronics and electromechanics, which can control access much more reliably than an elderly concierge or a combination mechanical lock. At present, intercom systems equipped with magnetic locks, which combine simplicity and reliability at the same time, have become very widespread in multi-apartment and private houses. The lock can be used even without an intercom, which reduces the cost of the circuit, and also makes connecting a magnetic lock easier.

One way opening

Each manufacturer of magnetic locks must attach documentation with a description to their products, which also indicates the connection diagram of the magnetic lock, which may have some special nuances regarding this brand. In enterprises where there is a need for the constant presence of staff on duty, the so-called one-way opening is used, that is, the magnetic lock is opened by the operator who receives the call via video or audio intercom and decides whether to let the visitor in or not. This connection option is the most reliable, which is why, in fact, it is still used, while the lock and intercom work as separate components of the circuit.

The intercom is connected according to the instructions, and in order to connect the lock, one more wire is brought out for mounting the call panel. A monitor or intercom loudspeaker is installed in the duty room and a power supply is connected, from which a pulse is sent to the magnetic lock. From the power supply, the cable is pulled directly to the lock. The positive supply wire must pass through the control contact of the panel, the return wire remains intact. Thus, when the operator gives permission to enter and presses the corresponding button, a pulse is sent to the call panel, which leads to the closing of the relay contacts and opening the lock.

Double sided opening

An equally common use case with the right to open with a magnetic key or contactless card. In this case, the connection diagram for magnetic locks, in addition to the elements described above, provides for the presence of a controller. Its memory contains codes for cards or keys, and in addition, it controls the position of the lock. Now, quite often, universal controllers have begun to be used, which are installed not only in magnetic lock circuits, but also in electromechanical ones. It is enough to install the jumper on the case, in the position corresponding to the type of lock.

The controller must be located near the door, usually using a sealed junction box. The call panel contact is connected to the exit button contacts, so when the panel relay contacts are closed, the controller perceives this as pressing the open button and unlocks the lock.

Despite the seeming simplicity, these schemes require the utmost care and qualifications when installing the equipment, since in the event of an incorrect connection, sensitive system components can be damaged. The specialists of our company will design and install access systems of any complexity, as well as help you choose the most suitable best options equipment.

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In the process of arranging his home, every owner wants to make it not only cozy, but also safe. Currently, there are a huge number of locking mechanisms various types, but one of the most effective is the electromagnetic lock on the door.

Locking device

An electromagnetic lock is a fairly simple device. The main components of the mechanism are the core with the winding and the case. In most cases, the core is glued from electrical transformer sheet steel. This material is chosen to provide a reduction in the effect of residual magnetization when opening the lock. Also, to eliminate residual stress, the application of a special paintwork. However, this does not give the full effect of eliminating the accumulated stress.

In most cases, the element is made in the form of a set of small plates welded in the form of the letter "Sh". However, sometimes a solid core is also used, which is much smaller in size, but has significant disadvantage: such an element is capable of intensively accumulating residual stress. Therefore, in a circuit of devices of this type, a capacitor is installed parallel to the core large capacity from 200 uF.

The winding is a coil with a huge number of turns copper wire covered with enamel. The body of the product is often made of aluminum or of stainless steel. It is possible to use elements made of plastic, but this design is not durable and reliable.

Principle of operation

The principle of operation of the product is to activate the magnetic elements as a result of applying voltage to the winding and housing through the wires and terminals of the core. As a result of these actions, from a voltage of 5 W or more, an adhesive force of magnets of 150 kg or more arises.

When the voltage is turned off and the lock is opened, an oscillatory circuit is formed with alternating current. The discharge process, due to the presence of a capacitor, occurs through the winding. This changes the polarity of the magnet element. The rest of the current goes to remagnetization.

If the capacitor fails, it becomes necessary to open the door with considerable effort. In this case, the part needs to be replaced. The new capacitance is installed parallel to the terminals. However, it must be non-polar.

Types of electromagnetic locks

Given the possibility of using different locking mechanisms in the device, products are conditionally divided into the following types:

• Shear;
• Retaining.

The main difference between the systems lies in the principle of operation. So, electromagnetic locks on a sliding-type door have a small anchor installed in cross section. The holding anchor works on separation. The advantage of shift electromagnetic locks is the possibility hidden installation inside the door leaf. Such a product does not block the opening.

Electronic sensors

Often, electromagnetic locks are equipped with built-in Hall sensors. This device responds to position locking mechanism and locking the door leaf. Such a sensor is always located inside the product, therefore, with an external visual inspection it is impossible to say with certainty whether the lock is equipped with such a device.

Thanks to the Hall sensor, signals are sent to the core of the mechanism at high speed and with its help you can find out not only the door is open or locked, but also how many people have passed through it.

A significant advantage of such sensors is high anti-burglary performance, as well as wear resistance. Products are not sensitive to temperature changes and humidity levels. In addition, it is impossible to open the mechanism using standard tools in the form of master keys.

Features of electromagnetic type mechanisms

It is worth knowing that not all electromagnetic locking mechanisms have electronics inside. Products without internal electrical elements are much easier to use and manage. Each of these devices has markings in the form of the letters "ML" and accompanying numbers. The numbers indicate the weight in kilograms required to open the door.

During the installation of the retaining lock, the mechanism is applied to door leaf. The overlay is mounted on top of the door, thereby taking away free space and narrowing the opening. For this reason, mortise-type locking mechanisms are much more convenient.

Installation and adjustment of the electromagnetic type locking mechanism must be carried out only with the power supply turned off. Such measures are necessary, since during the installation process there is direct contact with the parts of the product that conduct current.

Installation of electromagnetic type locks is carried out even at emergency exits, since they are much safer than conventional locking devices mechanical type. In the event of a power failure of the electromagnetic unit, the lock will automatically open.

Device selection

When choosing an electromagnetic lock for a door, the main criterion is the weight and thickness of the door itself. In the presence of light door do not mount locking device with a maximum holding force of 500 kg. For such products, a lock with an indicator of 150 kg is ideal.

Locking mechanisms with max. possible indicators holding magnets, it is advisable to install in reinforced and armored door structures.

Installation of an electromagnetic lock

Mounting the lock is quite simple on your own. Before the installation process of the product, you should prepare all the tools necessary in the process of work:

• Building level;
• Hammer;
• Roulette;
• Screwdriver;
• Electric drill;
• wire cutters;
• Fixing tool;
• A simple or construction pencil for marking.

Mounting technology

Before starting work, it is necessary to choose a suitable place for placing the device. Installation of an electromagnetic lock on a door can be performed both horizontally and vertically. The main condition is the observance of the indent from the door hinges.

To determine the location of the response plate, an overlay is made on the door leaf of the main part of the device. After that, the stencil of the response plate is glued. To fix the part itself, it is necessary to mark the location of the fasteners. Pins are needed in this case to securely fix the counterpart.

Before drilling holes, make sure that the installed drill has the same diameter as the hole according to the stencil. After preparing the holes, the plate is screwed to the canvas with washers. For a high-quality fit of the product, 2 washers are screwed onto each of the screws: steel washers on the side of the door jamb, and rubber washers are screwed on top of it. This fastening system allows the contact system to sway a little, which ensures high density core attachment.

To determine the exact location of the corner, the mechanism is again applied by the main part to the anchor element. Using a hexagon, the plate is shifted to the required plane. To check the correct location of all components, it is necessary to loosen the fixing bolt. Thus, the counter plate is released. One of the most important features, ensuring the correct functioning of the product, is the placement of the plate parallel to the base.

Installation options

The principle of installation of the product depends on the type door structure. Based on these features, there are several ways to mount the product.

Installation is made on the top inner part jamb with the placement of the core to the canvas. The contact element is opposite. Additional fasteners are not required. IN glass door the lock is mounted with contacts inside. An angle is used instead of a steel plate Z-shaped. In this case, the canvas opens into the room.

For mounting on a narrow jamb, overlays in the form of corners are used. After such an expansion, the installation is carried out with the placement of the core to the canvas on the inside of the jamb. If it is necessary to unlock the door in the direction of the lock location, the contact pad, like the plate, is fastened with the help of corner plates in a horizontal upper position.

Power connection

The final stage of installation is the connection of the electrical part. This procedure is quite simple due to the presence of markup. So, the wires with the “+” sign are connected to the terminal with the corresponding designation. The wires marked with a "-" sign are connected through the relay. To connect the elements, it is recommended to use a two-core wire with a cross-sectional thickness of 0.5 mm.

The installation instructions that come with the products always note that the functioning of the lock is directly dependent on the supply of voltage to the relay. Before starting installation, to ensure the quality of the product, it is recommended to purchase a closer device and a source backup power in the form of a UPS block.

Product advantages

One of the main advantages of the mechanism is the absence of systematic direct contact of parts with each other. Due to this, there is no breakage as a result of abrasion of the elements.

During use, depending on the maximum holding force of the mechanism, the power consumed by the lock is from 5 to 15 W, which is less than the power of an energy-saving light bulb. Thus, the device is very economical.

Currently, there is a universal electromagnetic door lock on sale that can work without the use of electrical energy. Its discovery is made mechanically and, at the same time, it is possible to unlock the device when voltage is applied to the product. Thanks to this feature, it becomes possible to open the door in the absence of power supply.

Optional equipment

When using any of the installation methods for electromagnetic locks, it is possible to equip the structure with an additional functional unit in the form of a video intercom. The scheme for installing and connecting the lock device remains unchanged and may have several variations. However, for video communication, it is preferable to mount the product on the upper inner part of the door jamb.

For the manufacture of individual electronic keys under the lock, a special controller with program encoding for the main master key is used. Such a system is justified when installing an electromagnetic lock at the entrance to office space or entrance.