Automatic elevator heating unit. Elevator unit of the home heating system: purpose and scope

Reduction of heat losses is the main task in planning district heating. For this, even at the stage of heating the coolant, special conditions are created for its transportation: increased pressure, maximum temperature regime. But in order for the level of heating to drop to the required level during the distribution of hot water, an elevator heating unit is installed: schemes, principles of operation and checks must strictly comply with the standards. Despite the fact that it is part of the central heating, the average user must know how it works.

Appointment of the elevator node

Even at the first stages of designing central heating, engineers faced the problem of saving thermal energy due to the length of heating mains. To reduce heat loss, two main methods are used:

• Maximum thermal insulation of the pipe surface;
• Installation of elevator units in buildings.

The operating temperature regime in the external heating pipes is 150 or 130 degrees. It is forbidden to supply water to consumers at such a temperature. That is why the adjustable elevator heating unit was developed. It is designed to mix hot and cold coolant flows in order to optimize its temperature. In addition, the pressure is also reduced to an acceptable level.

For normal operation an automatic elevator heating unit is installed in a pre-prepared room. For residential apartment buildings that is the basement. Installation and further maintenance should only be carried out by specialists. Any violation of the operating mode can lead to emergencies. Installation in private homes of such a heating element is impractical. This is due to the fact that the boilers will not be able to provide the proper temperature regime of operation. Therefore, it is used only to create branched heating systems with a large length of external heat pipes.

Taking as a basis the principle of operation of this elevator heating unit, you can make a similar system for autonomous system. But for this, two or three-way valves with thermostats are used.

Scheme of operation of the elevator unit

At first glance, the principle of operation of the elevator unit of the heating system should be quite complex system. However, in practice, a successful design was developed, which, in its own way, technical specifications similar to a three-way mixing valve.

Structurally, it consists of the following elements:

• inlet pipe. The coolant flows through it high temperature under maximum pressure;
• return pipe. Required to connect cooled water for further mixing with a hot stream;
• Nozzle. A key element of the scheme of elevator units of the heating system. Hot water enters it under pressure and creates a vacuum in the receiving chamber. As a result of this, the cooled coolant is mixed with the heated one;
• Outlet. It is connected to the distribution pipeline system for further transportation of liquid to consumers.

In addition to it, the elevator unit of the central heating system should include additional elements. These include mud diggers, shut-off valves and sensors. The latter are mandatory for installation, since they control the parameters of the entire system.

Having figured out what an elevator heating unit is, you need to learn more about its types and how to adjust the operating modes.

After checking the operation of the elevator unit and the entire heating system, it is imperative to require an updated passport for the device. It indicates the initial characteristics and the actual ones after the control checks.

Types of elevator heating units

This heating scheme of the elevator unit does not disclose the mechanism for adjusting the temperature regime. And this is the main way to optimize the consumption of thermal energy, depending on external factors- outside temperatures, the degree of thermal insulation of the house, and so on. To do this, a special cone-shaped rod is installed in the nozzle. Gears ensure its connection with the valve. By adjusting the position of the rod, the throughput nozzles.

Depending on the installed equipment There are two types of adjustable elevator heating units:

• Manual way. The rotation of the valve is performed traditional method. At the same time, the responsible employee must monitor the readings of pressure gauges and thermometers of the system;
• Auto. A servo drive is installed on the valve pin, which is connected to temperature and pressure sensors. Depending on the set indicators, the movements of the rod are performed.

A typical elevator assembly drawing should include not only the required elements, performance characteristics systems. And for this you need to make a calculation of the parameters. Such work is carried out only by specialized design organizations, as it requires taking into account all factors.

Installation of an adjustable elevator unit for heating in combination with a heat energy consumption meter will save up to 30% of the hot coolant consumption.

Features of installation and verification

It should be noted right away that the installation and verification of the operation of the elevator unit and the heating system is the prerogative of representatives of the service company. It is strictly forbidden for residents of the house to do this. However, knowledge of the layout of the elevator units of the central heating system is recommended.

When designing and installing, the characteristics of the incoming coolant are taken into account. The branching of the network in the house, the number of heating devices and the temperature regime of operation are also taken into account. Any automatic elevator assembly for heating consists of two parts.

• Adjusting the intensity of the flow of incoming hot water, as well as measuring its technical indicators - temperature and pressure;
• Directly the mixing unit itself.

The main characteristic is the mixing ratio. This is the ratio of the volumes of hot and cold water. This parameter is the result of precise calculations. It cannot be a constant, as it depends on external factors. Installation must be carried out strictly according to the scheme of the elevator unit of the heating system. After that, fine tuning is done. To reduce the error, it is recommended maximum load. Thus, the temperature of the water in the return pipe will be minimal. This is necessary condition for precise control of the automatic valve operation.

After a certain period of time, scheduled checks of the operation of the elevator unit and the heating system as a whole are necessary. The exact procedure depends on the specific scheme. However, it is possible to make overall plan, which includes the following mandatory procedures:

• Checking the integrity of pipes, valves and devices, as well as the compliance of their parameters with passport data;
• Adjustment of temperature and pressure sensors;
• Determination of pressure losses during the passage of the coolant through the nozzle;
• Calculation of the offset factor. Even for the most accurate heating scheme of the elevator unit, equipment and pipelines wear out over time. This correction must be taken into account when setting up.

After carrying out these works, the central heating automatic elevator unit must be sealed to prevent outside interference.

Cannot be applied homemade schemes elevator nodes for central systems heating. They often do not take into account the most important characteristics, which can not only reduce work efficiency, but also cause an emergency.

Requirements for the premises

In the vast majority of cases mixing units installed in the basement of the building. To perform its functions, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the room - seasonal changes in temperature and humidity.

There are a number of requirements for these indicators, the implementation of which is mandatory. In particular, this applies to elevator units of the central heating system with installed automatic servomotors:

• The room temperature should not fall below 0°C;
• To prevent the appearance of condensate on the surface of the pipes, an exhaust ventilation system is equipped;
• For electrical appliances be sure to install a separate switchboard. It is recommended to provide an independent power supply in case emergency shutdown supply of electricity.

However, in fact, it is rarely possible to meet these rules. As a result, even for the most efficient drawing of an elevator assembly, its practical implementation can differ significantly. That is why alternative schemes for mixing coolant flows have appeared.

In some new apartment buildings connected to central heating, no heating scheme with an elevator unit is provided. For its installation, you need to contact the management company.

Other options for thermal units

Based on the basic principle of operation of the elevator unit of the heating system, we developed alternative ways maintaining the desired temperature level in pipes for users. Their difference from the traditional scheme lies in the presence of a complex electronic system management.

The first thing that the developers of this unit paid attention to was the optimal consumption of hot water. Therefore, a heat energy meter must be installed on the inlet pipe. It makes it possible not only to see the volume of coolant entering the house system, but also can automatically calculate its cost and transfer data to the management company.

The installed pumps allow you to control the rate of passage of the coolant through the pipes. This is necessary to reduce the error in mixing fluid flows in the nozzle. To do this, temperature sensors are mounted on the inlet and return pipes. If the water heating level is less than the set one, the return pump stops working. To increase the volume of hot coolant, the corresponding pumping equipment is activated.

The principle of operation of the thermal elevator unit and the water jet elevator. In the previous article, we found out the main and features of the operation of water jet or, as they are also called, injection elevators. In short - the main purpose of the elevator is to lower the water temperature and at the same time increase the volume of pumped water during internal system heating of a residential building.

Now let's figure out how working water jet elevator and due to which it increases the pumping of the coolant through the batteries in the apartment.

The coolant enters the house with a temperature corresponding to the temperature schedule of the boiler. temperature graph this is the ratio between the temperature outside and the temperature that the boiler house or CHP should supply to the heating network, and, accordingly, with small losses to your heating point(water moving through pipes to long distances cools down a bit). The colder it is outside, the higher the temperature of the boiler room.

For example, with a temperature graph of 130/70:

• at +8 degrees outside, the heating supply pipe should be 42 degrees;
• at 0 degrees 76 degrees;
• at -22 degrees 115 degrees;

If someone is interested in more detailed figures, you can download temperature charts for various systems heating.

But let's get back to the principle and scheme of operation of our thermal elevator unit.

After passing the inlet valves, mud collectors or mesh-magnetic filters, the water enters directly into mixing elevator device- elevator, which consists of a steel body, inside which there is a mixing chamber and a constriction device (nozzle).

Superheated water exits the nozzle high speed. As a result, a vacuum is created in the chamber behind the jet, due to which water is sucked in or injected from the return pipeline. By changing the diameter of the hole in the nozzle, it is possible, within certain limits, regulate water flow and, accordingly, the temperature of the water at the outlet of the elevator.

The elevator of the thermal unit works simultaneously as a circulation pump and as a mixer. Wherein he does not consume electrical energy , but uses the pressure drop in front of the elevator or, as they say, the available pressure in the heating network.

For the efficient operation of the elevator, it is necessary that available pressure in the heating network correlated with the resistance of the heating system no worse than 7 to 1.
If the resistance of the heating system of a standard five-story building is 1 m or it is 0.1 kgf / cm2, then for the normal operation of the elevator unit, the available pressure in the heating system to the ITP is at least 7 m or 0.7 kgf / cm2.

For example, if in the supply pipeline 5 kgf / cm2, then in the reverse it is not more than 4.3 kgf / cm2.

Please note that at the outlet of the elevator, the pressure in the supply pipeline is not much higher than the pressure in the return pipeline and this is normal, it is quite difficult to notice 0.1 kgf / cm2 on pressure gauges, the quality of modern pressure gauges is unfortunately at a very low level, but this is a topic for a separate article. But if you have a pressure difference after the elevator more than 0.3 kgf / cm2, you should be wary, or your heating system is heavily clogged with dirt, or when overhaul you have greatly underestimated the diameters of the distribution pipes.

The above does not apply to battery and riser circuits, only mixing circuits using control valves and mixing pumps work with them.
By the way, the use of these regulators is also in most cases very controversial, since most domestic boiler houses use precisely high-quality temperature control. In general, mass adoption automatic regulators by Danfoss was only possible thanks to the good marketing company. After all, “overheating” is a very rare phenomenon in our country, usually we all receive less heat.

Elevator with adjustable nozzle.

Now we have to disassemble how to easily control the temperature at the outlet of the elevator, and whether it is possible to save heat with the help of an elevator.

Saving heat with a water jet elevator is possible, for example, lowering the room temperature at night , or during the day when most of us are at work. Although this issue is also controversial, we lowered the temperature, the building has cooled down, therefore, in order to warm it up again, the heat consumption against the norm must be increased.
Only one win at a cool temperature of 18-19 degrees sleep better our body feels more comfortable.

For the purpose of saving heat, a special water jet elevator with adjustable nozzle . Structurally, its execution and, most importantly, the depth of quality adjustment can be different. Typically, the mixing ratio of a water jet elevator with an adjustable nozzle varies in the range from 2 to 5. As practice has shown, such adjustment limits are quite sufficient for all occasions. Danfoss offers with a control range of up to 1 to 1000. Why is this in the heating system completely incomprehensible to us. But the price ratio in favor of a water-jet elevator with an adjustable nozzle relative to Danfoss regulators is about 1 to 3. True, we must pay tribute to the Danfoss, their products are more reliable, although not all, some varieties of inexpensive ones do not work well on our water three-way valves. Recommendation - you need to save wisely!

In principle, all control elevators are made in the same way. Them the device is clearly visible in the figure. , you can see an animated image of the operation of the WARS control mechanism of a water jet elevator.

And finally, a short comment - use of water jet elevators with adjustable nozzle especially effective in public and industrial buildings where it allows you to save up to 20-25% of heating costs by lowering the temperature in heated rooms at night and, especially, on weekends.

The central pipelines for the supply of thermal energy for apartment buildings are complex complexes. They transfer heat through pipelines from the supplier to the final consumer. Hot coolant is fed through the distribution manifold and gradually fills the radiators inside the house. To equalize the temperature, a special device is used - an elevator unit.

Use the elevator assembly to adjust the supply temperature

general description

Before dealing with the scheme of the elevator heating unit, it must be said that, by its design, the elevator is a kind of circulation pump, which is located in the heating system along with pressure meters and valves.

Thermal elevator units perform a number of functions in their work. For starters, this electronic device distributes pressure in the heating system so that water is delivered to consumers in heating batteries with a certain pressure and temperature. During circulation through pipes from the boiler room to multi-storey buildings the volume of the heat carrier in the circuit is almost doubled. This can only happen if there is a supply of water in a separate sealed container.

Most often, a heat carrier is supplied from the boiler room, with a temperature of about 110-160 ℃. For household needs, in terms of safety, these high temperatures are unacceptable. The maximum temperature regime of the heat carrier in the circuit cannot be more than 90℃.

From this video we learn the principle of operation of the elevator heating unit:

It is also noteworthy that in the SNiP today the temperature standard for the coolant is indicated in the range of 65 ℃. But in order to save resources, there is an active discussion regarding the reduction of this standard to 55℃. Taking into account the opinion of experts, the consumer will not feel a significant difference, and as a disinfection, the heat carrier will need to be heated to 75℃ once a day. However, these changes to the SNiP have not yet been adopted, since there is no exact opinion regarding the effectiveness and expediency of this decision.

The scheme of the elevator unit of the heating system makes it possible to bring the temperature regime of the heat carrier to the regulatory requirements.

This device helps to prevent the following consequences:

• if the wiring is made of propylene or plastic pipes, then it is not designed for the supply of hot heat carrier;
• not all heating pipes are designed for continuous operation elevated temperature under high pressure- these conditions will lead to their rapid failure;
• Very hot heating radiators can cause burns if not handled carefully.

Elevator Advantages

Many consumers say that the heating elevator scheme is irrational, and it is much easier to supply users with a coolant at a lower temperature. In fact, this approach implies an increase in the diameter of the central heating pipeline for the circulation of a colder coolant, which implies additional costs.

That is, a high-quality scheme of the heating unit allows using part of the cooled water from the return with the supply volume of the coolant. Although some sources of elevators are old hydraulic devices, in fact, they are the most efficient. There are more modern appliances, which replaced the systems of the elevator unit.

These include the following types devices:

• mixer equipped with a three-way membrane;
• plate heat exchanger.

Principle of operation

Considering the scheme of the heating elevator, one cannot fail to note the similarity of the finished equipment with water pumps. And for work it is not necessary to receive energy from other systems.

By appearance the main part of the device resembles a hydraulic tee, which is installed on the return circuit heating system. Through an ordinary tee, the coolant would calmly pass into the return line, bypassing the batteries. This scheme of the thermal unit would be impractical.

IN standard scheme heating elevator the following items are found:

1. A preliminary chamber and a heat carrier supply pipe with a nozzle of a certain diameter installed at the end. Water from the return circuit circulates through it.
2. A diffuser is installed at the outlet, which is designed to supply the coolant to users.

Regulation of the heating system can be done both manually and with the help of technology

To date, you can find nodes in which the size of the nozzle is adjustable electric drive. As a result, the required temperature of the circulating water can be automatically adjusted.

The choice of the scheme of the heating unit with an electric drive is made taking into account the fact that it is possible to change the mixing ratio of the heat carrier in the range of 3-6 units. This cannot be done in elevators where the nozzle section does not change. Thus, units with an adjustable nozzle can significantly reduce heating costs, which is important for multi-storey buildings with central meters.

Heating unit scheme

If the heating system uses a heating unit scheme apartment building, then its high-quality work can be organized only on the condition that the working pressure between the return and the supply circuit is higher than the calculated hydraulic resistance.

Scheme of operation of the elevator in thermal node next:

• hot heat carrier is fed through the central pipeline to the nozzle;
• circulating through pipes of small diameter, the coolant begins to increase speed;
• moreover, a discharged zone appears;
• the resulting vacuum “sucks” water from the return circuit;
• turbulent water flows through the diffuser to the outlet.

Main disadvantages

Despite the fact that the elevator assembly has many advantages, it also has one significant drawback. It's just that the elevator circuit does not provide for the possibility of adjusting the temperature of the outgoing heat carrier.

If the temperature of the water in the return circuit indicates that it is very hot, then it will need to be lowered. This problem can be solved only by reducing the size of the nozzle, but this can not always be done due to the design features of the equipment.

In some cases, the heating unit is equipped with an electric drive, thanks to which the size of the nozzle can be adjusted. He moves main element designs - a throttle conical needle. This needle moves a certain distance into the hole inside the nozzle. The depth of movement makes it possible to change the diameter of the nozzle and thereby regulate the temperature of the heat carrier.

On the shaft can be installed as manual drive in the form of a handle, and a remotely controlled electric motor.

It must be said that the installation of this temperature controller makes it possible to improve the overall heating system with a thermal unit without significant material costs.

Possible malfunctions and repairs

Despite the reliability of the equipment, in some cases the elevator heating unit may fail. Hot coolant and high pressure quickly find vulnerable areas and provoke the failure of this device. This inevitably happens if individual elements have a poor-quality assembly, the calculation of the nozzle size is incorrect, and also due to the appearance of blockages.

Noise in the heating pipe. Elevator node heating during its operation can create noise. If this is noted, it means that irregularities or cracks appeared at the nozzle outlet during operation.

The reason for the formation of these defects is the misalignment of the nozzle, which is caused by the supply of hot water under high pressure. This can happen if the excessive head is not throttled by the flow regulator.

Wrong temperature setting

The high-quality operation of the heating elevator can be called into question if the temperature at the inlet and outlet circuits differs significantly from temperature graph. Most likely, the reason for this is the oversized nozzle.

Incorrect coolant flow

A faulty throttle can lead to a change in the flow rate of the coolant, in contrast to the design indicator.

This violation can be easily determined by changing the temperature in the supply and return pipes. The problem can be solved by repairing the flow regulator.

Faulty assembly parts

If the scheme for connecting the heating system to the external main is independent, then the reason for poor-quality operation of the elevator can be caused by faulty water heating elements, circulation pumps, protective and shutoff valves, various leaks in equipment and pipes, failure of regulators.

To the main reasons that negatively affect the principle of operation and the circuit pumping equipment, refers to the destruction of elastic membranes in shaft connections electric motor and pump, wear of bearings and failure of the seats under them, the appearance of cracks and irregularities on the housing, leakage of seals. All of the above breakdowns can only be repaired.

Poor-quality operation of water heaters can be observed if the tightness of the pipeline is broken, sticking or destruction of the pipe assembly occurs. The only way to solve the problem is to replace the pipes.

Blockages and pollution

Blockages are one of the most common causes poor quality heating. Their appearance is due to the ingress of dirt into the heating system, if the mud filters do not cope with their task. Corrosion growths inside the pipeline can also increase the problem.

The level of contamination of the filters can be found from the pressure gauges that are installed near the filter and behind it. A strong pressure drop can confirm or refute the assumption about the level of contamination. To clean the filters, remove dirt through bleed valves located at the bottom of the case.

Any malfunctions in the system of heating equipment and pipes must be corrected immediately!

Any remarks that do not affect the operation of the heating system without fail must be registered in special documentation, it must be included in the plan for capital or current work on the repair of equipment. Troubleshooting should be carried out in the summer before the heating season.

The heating system is one of critical systems life support at home. Each house uses a certain heating system, but not every user knows what an elevator heating unit is and how it works, its purpose and the possibilities that are provided with its use.

Electric heating elevator

Operating principle

The best example that will show the heating elevator working principle will be multi-storey building. It's in the basement high-rise building among all the elements you can find an elevator.

First of all, let's consider which drawing has an elevator heating unit in this case. There are two pipelines here: supply (it is through it that hot water is coming to the house) and reverse (cooled water returns to the boiler room).

Scheme of the elevator heating unit

From the thermal chamber, water enters the basement of the house; there must be shutoff valves at the entrance. Usually these are valves, but sometimes in those systems that are more thought out, they put Ball Valves of steel.

As the standards show, there are several thermal modes in boiler rooms:

• 150/70 degrees;
• 130/70 degrees;
• 95(90)/70 degrees.

When the water heats up to a temperature not exceeding 95 degrees, the heat will be distributed throughout the heating system using a collector. But at temperatures above normal - above 95 degrees, everything becomes much more complicated. Water at this temperature cannot be supplied, so it must be reduced. This is precisely the function of the elevator heating unit. We also note that cooling water in this way is the easiest and cheapest way.

Purpose and characteristics

The heating elevator cools the superheated water to the calculated temperature, after which the prepared water enters the heating appliances that are located in residential areas. Water cooling occurs at the moment when the elevator mixes hot water from the supply pipeline with cooled from the return.

The scheme of the heating elevator clearly shows that this unit contributes to an increase in the efficiency of the entire heating system of the building. It is entrusted with two functions at once - a mixer and circulation pump. Such a node is inexpensive, it does not require electricity. But the elevator has several disadvantages:

• The pressure drop between the supply and return pipelines should be at the level of 0.8-2 bar.
• The outlet temperature cannot be adjusted.
• There must be an accurate calculation for each component of the elevator.

Elevators are widely applicable in municipal thermal economy, as they are stable in operation when the thermal and hydraulic regime changes in thermal networks. The heating elevator does not need to be constantly monitored, all adjustment consists in choosing the correct nozzle diameter.

The heating elevator consists of three elements - a jet elevator, a nozzle and a rarefaction chamber. There is also such a thing as elevator strapping. The necessary shut-off valves, control thermometers and pressure gauges should be used here.

To date, you can find elevator units of the heating system, which can adjust the diameter of the nozzle with an electric drive. So, it will be possible to automatically regulate the temperature of the heat carrier.

The selection of this type of heating elevator is due to the fact that here the mixing ratio varies from 2 to 5, in comparison with conventional elevators without nozzle control, this indicator remains unchanged. So, in the process of using elevators with an adjustable nozzle, you can slightly reduce heating costs.

The design of this type of elevators incorporates a regulating actuator that ensures the stability of the heating system at low costs. network water. In the cone-shaped nozzle of the elevator system, there is a regulating throttle needle and a guiding device that spins the water jet and plays the role of a throttle needle casing.

This mechanism has a motorized or manually rotated toothed roller. It is designed to move the throttle needle in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle, changing its effective cross section, after which the water flow is regulated. So, it is possible to increase the consumption of network water from the calculated indicator by 10-20%, or reduce it almost to the complete closure of the nozzle. Reducing the nozzle cross section can lead to an increase in the flow rate of the network water and the mixing ratio. So the temperature of the water drops.

Malfunctions of heating elevators

The scheme of the elevator heating unit may have malfunctions that are caused by a breakdown of the elevator itself (clogging, an increase in the diameter of the nozzle), clogging of the mud collectors, breakdown of fittings, violations of the settings of the regulators.

The failure of such an element as a heating elevator device can be seen by how temperature drops appear before and after the elevator. If the difference is large, then the elevator is faulty, if the difference is insignificant, then it may be clogged or the nozzle diameter is increased. In any case, the diagnosis of a breakdown and its elimination should be carried out only by a specialist!

If the elevator nozzle becomes clogged, it is removed and cleaned. If the calculated diameter of the nozzle increases due to corrosion or arbitrary drilling, then the scheme of the elevator heating unit and the heating system as a whole will come into a state of imbalance.

Appliances that are installed on the lower floors will overheat, and those on the upper floors will receive less heat. Such a malfunction, which the operation of the heating elevator undergoes, is eliminated by replacing it with a new nozzle with a design diameter.

Clogging of the sump in a device such as an elevator in a heating system can be determined by how the pressure difference has increased, controlled by pressure gauges before and after the sump. Such clogging is removed by dumping dirt through the drain valves of the sump, which are located in its lower part. If the blockage is not removed in this way, then the sump is disassembled and cleaned from the inside.

For a heating system in residential premises, there is a norm for the temperature of the coolant. In accordance with established norm the temperature of the water that enters the radiators should not be more than +95 degrees. But along the mains of heating networks, a coolant can be supplied, the temperature of which exceeds this indicator and is in the range from 130 to 150 degrees. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the water temperature to the desired value. The solution of this problem is entrusted to the elevator heating unit.

it looks like an elevator for a heating system

The elevator works in this way: the coolant from the main is fed into a removable cone nozzle, in which the speed of water movement increases and as a result, the water jet from the nozzle enters the mixing chamber, where it mixes with chilled water that enters there through a jumper from the return pipeline.

After mixing the superheated main water and chilled water, the coolant of the required temperature enters the heating system and heating devices. And in order to prevent large particles from entering the elevator, a sump is installed in front of the device.

Elevators have become widespread due to their sustainable operation aimed at changing thermal and hydraulic modes in thermal networks.

Elevator heating units do not need constant monitoring. Their performance is regulated the right choice nozzle diameter. To select the dimensions, the diameter of the pipes of the elevator assembly and the diameter of the nozzle, you must contact the design office of the relevant competence.

Now let's take a closer look at how the elevator works in the heating system and whether it is possible to do without this device.

Scheme of the elevator heating unit

The scheme of the elevator unit for the heating system looks like this.

Here we see that this scheme includes a supply heat pipe (No. 1), as well as a return heat pipe (No. 2), other components of the elevator assembly are valves (No. 3), a water meter (No. 4), mud collectors (No. 5), pressure gauges and thermometers numbered 6 and 7, and, of course, the elevator itself (8) and heating devices (9).

Scheme of the elevator node

The diagram below shows the simplest basic configuration of an elevator assembly. But if necessary, the elevator unit can be supplemented with other elements: regulators, branches of primary and secondary coolants, filters, metering devices, etc.

The principle of operation of the elevator unit in the heating system

The operation of the elevator unit consists of several stages:

1. Water from the main network enters the nozzle, narrowed at the outlet, and is accelerated due to the pressure drop.
2. The superheated water comes out of the nozzle reduced pressure and at great speed. As a result, a vacuum is created and water is sucked into the elevator from the return pipeline.
3. The amount of both superheated and return chilled water is regulated so that the temperature of the water that leaves the elevator unit corresponds to the design value.

We figured out that the elevator unit, located at the inlet to the local heating system, reduces the temperature of the coolant that is supplied from the central main network to the local heating system, this happens by mixing return water.

Now consider what consequences can be expected local sewerage if the elevator assembly is not installed.

Do I need an elevator in the heating system?

The elevator is a water-jet pump, which, due to the pressure drop, increases the pumping of the coolant in the internal heating system. That is, takes a certain amount of water from the main network, dilutes it with return chilled water from the local heating system and sends it back to the heating radiators to heat the apartments.

Now let's see what can happen to our heating without it. desired device. If water is supplied to the heating system above 130 degrees, then it will be very hot in the apartments that are located at the beginning of the heating system, and a stable low temperature will be established in the apartments that are located a little further.

Do not supply water with high temperature (over 130 degrees) to cast iron batteries, which can burst with a sharp temperature drop. For polypropylene pipes, which are now universally installed in heating systems, working temperature water above 95 degrees is invalid. For a short time, polypropylene can withstand temperatures of 100 degrees.

From all this we can conclude that the elevator unit for our heating system is vital.