Sanpin hot water temperature. Hot water requirements - hot water quality

Hot water should provide residents with comfort and safety plumbing use water resources according to all sanitary standards temperature hot water in an apartment building. Equipment for the supply and distribution of resources to consumption points throughout the building system is installed in accordance with standards. Such services should be safe, reliable and inexpensive.

DHW temperature

A little about what temperature the water should be. The temperature range of hot water is from 60 to 75 degrees Celsius. Such values ​​are chosen for a reason. When the temperature of the water in the tap is above the recommended limits, then burns are possible, especially on the sensitive skin of the child. Therefore, the standard must be strictly observed in children's institutions and health care organizations.

Many tenants are interested in why such a temperature value. When determining the temperature regime for the supply of hot water, we proceeded from such a phenomenon as the reproduction of pathological microorganisms. The risk of burn injuries was also taken into account.

The temperature difference of hot water should be such that harmful bacteria cease to exist, and burns do not occur. Warm fresh liquid is an excellent habitat for legionella, which is extremely dangerous and multiplies in the central water supply (sewage, heating). For example, not so long ago in the city of Verkhnyaya Pyshma, due to this bacterium, which entered apartments through the water supply, there were epidemiological forms of pneumonia in 160 residents of the city, and five people died in the hospital.

As a result, it is not necessary to provide employees of the managing organization with pretexts to blame all these issues on the residents of the house, because the sanitary standards for the temperature of hot water in apartments are enshrined in laws, and the causal relationships of owners and tenants of apartments do not apply. The main thing that is needed from residents is to be aware of who to write an application for recalculation of payments for housing and communal services, which were provided poorly.

IMPORTANT! Research that determines the temperature of hot water in an apartment should be entrusted to an accredited company that has license certificates that allow such activities to be carried out.

Hot water not up to standard

After the temperature measurements have been taken, and the standard for the temperature of hot water that is supplied to the dwelling is not met, you should complain to the appropriate organization. In addition to deviations in temperature readings, there may be the following anomalies:

• it happens that after turning on the tap, the water flows out warm, and sometimes cold, which is unacceptable;
• it also happens that tap water comes in a non-standard color and does not smell very pleasant;
• no hot water at all.

Unfortunately, the quality of services provided by companies is of inadequate quality, for which the perpetrators must be held accountable. When real estate owners are concerned with such problems, then you need to call the employees of the managing organization or to find out and eliminate the causes of the violations.

At the same time, it should be borne in mind that all apartment owners have the right to demand not only the elimination of prerequisites, and in as much as possible a short time, but also to perform for hot water, and when it is not in the water supply, then do not even pay for this service.

But it is often difficult for company employees to independently prove the violations that occur among residents, they are in no hurry to lay responsibility on themselves. In such situations, it is necessary to contact other licensed organizations that conduct an independent examination.

Where to go

If hot water deviates from the current standards, and the quality of the services provided is low, then the apartment owners write. An application must be added to it in the form of a copy of the examination conducted by an independent organization. After that, it remains only to wait for the Criminal Code to solve this problem, which will take time.

When the management company does nothing or only replies come in response, then the answer to the question of what to do in case of deviations is to go further. To the housing inspectorate or the prosecutor's office. In reality, many tenants often encounter similar situations when the management company does not want to eliminate its flaws, but only nods at supposedly objective circumstances.

They often say that they are not authorized to resolve such issues, they are not in their competence, and UK is not responsible for the operation of pipelines. You can also find out that they are not at all aware of what temperature the DHW should be at the outlet of the draw-off point, so the management company is not going to do anything to resolve this issue.

It is necessary to firmly defend your own rights, because only the management companies are entrusted with the mission of public services. The DHW temperature at a rate of 60 to 75 degrees must be provided by management companies. Responding to all complaints and fixing problems is their direct duty. If this is not done, then the owners have the right to file a complaint with the prosecutor's office and Rospotrebnadzor.

Supervisory authorities

When deviations from hot water standards are detected, the management company negotiates with, and in some situations repairs the engineering and communication system on its own. It often happens that in order to save on users, some negligent contractors shy away from repairing the pipeline, which they are simply obliged to perform. In this case, you need to boldly complain to the prosecutor's office or Rospotrebnadzor.

Moreover, it is possible not to redirect the complaint to the supervisory authorities, as tenants often do. Know that you can always negotiate with the management company and recalculate hot water in a good way. In practice, many managing organizations themselves are hostages of such situations, when literally nothing depends on them.

Before you write an application for the recalculation of payment for utility bills due to services rendered of poor quality, you should find out all the subtleties of this issue, explore the pitfalls. This must be done in order not to get into various unpleasant situations. Everything can be solved in a civilized manner and according to the law.

But when all the attempts made have not led to any result, then the owners of residential premises should contact the supervisory structures. Then things will go much faster, and when problem situation actually, it will be solved in a fairly short time.

Cold water temperature

The quality of water supplied to apartments for drinking and household purposes must meet GOST and SanPin. The temperature spread of cold water is not regulated by any standards, but you should be aware that the indicators depend on the season. This corresponds to the values ​​in the sources of water intake and the temperature of the ground where the pipeline is laid.

AT main pipes the temperature reaches almost minus readings due to the fact that at high pressure the liquid freezes more slowly. Although the temperature of cold water in the tap is not regulated by regulations, regional regulatory authorities recommend a range of 4 to 20 degrees Celsius. AT winter period in some rooms it is very hot, while in others, on the contrary, it is cold. This is uncomfortable, even if the standards are observed, so they are regulated by the management company during the heating season.

Accidents affecting performance

Warming of cold water often occurs due to mixing at draw-off points for central hot water supply. This is due to uneven pressure in the pipes and a poorly adjusted mixer, which stands on the distributing riser. Sometimes mixing occurs during sanitary and technological work in the technical underground.

You need to know that all problems, when the temperature of cold water in the tap rises, the management company is obliged to eliminate as much as possible as soon as possible. Otherwise, damage to expensive household appliances, washing machines and dishwashers that operate on cold water from water pipes is possible.

To prevent this from happening, during the operation of any water heating devices, it is necessary to cut off the hot water supply circuits in time during the operation of the heating element, as well as to cut off the boilers when taking water from the common riser. With open double-circuit technology, hot and cold water often mix, which leads to high pressure, and then to breakdown of plumbing equipment.

What are the requirements for hot water? On what indicators does the quality of hot water supply depend? Regulatory documents that regulate the characteristics of hot aquatic environment in our homes. The main norms of hot water supply. Requirements for hot water in public institutions. Basic indicators hot water, their maximum permissible values. Requirements for hot water are stipulated by the current GOST 2874-82. The quality of hot water supply must comply with hygienic standards for drinking water supply.

Basic norms of hot water

Although hot water is not recommended to drink, but only used for household needs, the requirements for it are the same as for drinking water supply systems. After heating, the water must comply with the sanitary and hygienic requirements for water consumption. At the same time, very strict requirements are imposed on the temperature of such water. Both upper and lower temperature limits are limited:

• Hot water in our pipes must be heated to at least 60 degrees. This temperature indicator is not accidental, because at this value most of the dangerous bacteria and microorganisms die.
• The upper temperature limit for water in our homes is set at 75 degrees. If this value is exceeded, there is a high risk of burns.

Wherein normative documents also regulates the requirements for temperature in places of water consumption. These requirements for hot water supply are specified in SanPiN 2.04.01-85. In this case, the following temperature values ​​\u200b\u200bare indicated:

• In networks of centralized supply of hot liquids adjacent to closed heating plants, the temperature values ​​\u200b\u200bmust be at least 50 degrees.
• In hot water networks of centralized water supply connected to open heating plants, as well as for non-centralized networks of hot water, the normalized temperature indicator is 60 degrees.
• The upper limit in any situation is set no higher than 75 degrees.

Requirements for hot water in public institutions

1. As for hot water, which is supplied to the taps of washstands, showers in the facilities of social organizations, as well as in kindergartens, schools and other institutions intended for children, the temperature of the hot water environment cannot exceed 37 degrees. The same applies to all medical institutions.
2. If in all the above organizations and institutions it is required to use hot water of a higher temperature, then it is obtained through the use of local water heating devices (boilers and furnaces). These heaters can be gas or electric. For example, such a situation may arise in the part of institutions intended for the nutrition of children and adults. Here you need to wash dirty dishes, and for this you need to use water with temperature values ​​of at least 75 degrees.

hot water quality requirements

Since the hot water environment must meet the requirements of drinking water supply, water is also supplied from the drinking water supply system. It is strictly forbidden to produce an aqueous medium of drinking properties in the place where water is heated or where this liquid is consumed.

Since when water is heated, the likelihood of scale on the inner surface of pipelines increases, as well as the rate of corrosion processes, water for hot centralized water supply must meet the following requirements:

• The content of oxygen dissolved in the liquid must be within 0.1 mg/l.
• The concentration of suspended impurities is allowed no more than 5 mg/l of liquid.
• The temporary hardness of the water should be within the normal range of 1.5 mg/l.
• The total hydrogen number is allowed within the range of 8.3-8.5 pH.
• The concentration of ferrous compounds can be no more than 0.3 mg/l.
• The oxidizability of the aquatic environment is allowed equal to 6 mg/l.
• Normally, free particles of carbon dioxide should not be detected in such water.

As you know, when water is heated above 40 ° C, the carbonate hardness of the aquatic environment increases very much. All this can lead to scale on the pipes, which can clog the patency of the pipe. That is why the indicator of the hydrocarbonate hardness of the aquatic environment is very carefully controlled.

If you want to test the quality of hot water supply, you can order such an analysis from our independent licensed laboratory. We have passed state accreditation, so all test results will be legally binding. The cost of the analysis depends on the number of monitored indicators and is specified when ordering a check by phone.

Hot water is what every person needs, regardless of the time of year and the temperature outside, whether he lives in Moscow or in a village in Siberia. The probability of timely elimination of foci of various viruses and infections, as well as the likelihood of the development of pandemics and epidemics, depends on the presence of hot water in the pipes. Well, among other things, this binding rule, which allows you to observe sanitary and hygienic standards in the house, maintain cleanliness, live in comfort and not feel constrained by difficult life circumstances.

Basic temperature standards for hot water

According to the standards approved by SanPiN, the temperature of hot water should be approximately within the following limits:

• at least sixty degrees open systems heat supply;
• less than fifty degrees closed systems ah heat supply;
• no higher than seventy-five degrees - for both systems.

It is this temperature threshold that complies with sanitary standards and is necessary so that all harmful bacteria and viruses, which are abundant in tap water were doomed to perish. On the other hand, when water is supplied hotter than fifty-five degrees, there is a possibility of getting burned. Therefore, the use of hot water is recommended while turning on cold water. Temperatures above seventy-five degrees may well cause a quick breakdown of the plastic part of the water supply, which is in most modern apartments.

Deviation is already considered fifty-nine or seventy-six degrees. Minimum temperature hot water must be provided, regardless of the state of communications and heating equipment. All rules and conditions must be specified in the cooperation agreement between the client and the service provider.

What are the reasons for lowering the water temperature?

We all understand that some rules are immutable, especially when they directly relate to a person's health and are paid by him out of his own pocket. On the other hand, there are a number of reasons why the temperature of hot water can be lowered below normal, simply because it is simply impossible to do otherwise in the current situation. What are these cases?

1. The occurrence of an emergency on the supply line, pumping station or breakdown of housing communications in your home.
2. Implementation of planned and preventive maintenance of network communications.

During these events, the hot water supply may be interrupted, but this should not affect the quality of life of the residents. That is why there are norms that, in turn, limit the possibility of a prolonged cessation of hot water supply in an apartment building:

• eight hours in one month, in total;
• no more than four hours in a row;
• no more than one day (when it comes to an accident).

If these deadlines have been exceeded, then you have the right to recalculate tariff plan. The latter for the time of turning off hot water (reducing its temperature) should be reduced by fifteen hundredths of a percent.

How to check the norm and where to turn in case of deviations from it

The measurement of the temperature of hot water cannot be carried out in the way that the inspector immediately wanted. There is a clear algorithm that must be followed, and only then the result will be recognized as true. In all other cases, measurements are considered incorrect and invalid.

1. The faucet opens with hot water, and the water flows freely for two to three minutes. Thus, stagnant and cooled water in the pipeline descends, the temperature of which does not interest us.

1. Under the stream of hot water, after equalizing its temperature to a uniform one, a special glass is placed.

1. When the glass is full, it is removed, the tap is closed, and a sensitive thermometer with a scale of up to one hundred degrees Celsius (no less) is immersed in the glass.

1. It takes some time for the thermometer to heat up, and then readings are taken from it.

Despite the fact that in general a fairly wide range is given for the temperature of hot water, small deviations from it in any direction are allowed.

During the daytime, from five in the morning to midnight, these are fluctuations of three degrees Celsius, and at night (from midnight to five in the morning), fluctuations of up to five degrees Celsius.

I must say that every three degrees of deviation reduce the tariff by one tenth of a percent, but only for the current date.

If you find in your apartment deviations in the temperature of hot water from the norm, you should first contact the housing and communal services. If these problems are caused by an accident and unscheduled repairs, then the dispatcher with whom you contact is obliged to notify you of this, informing you of the estimated time for repairing the breakdown. In the event that there are no reasons for lowering the temperature at your site, you should accept the application and consider it in the near future.

In order to be sure that the application will not be shelved, as is often the case in such institutions, be sure to write down the application number, the time you called the housing and communal services, and the name of the person who accepted the application. After that, they will definitely consider it, and you can be sure that in the near future there will be an increase in the temperature of hot water in your house to the normal limits, or some other measures will be taken.

As you know, apartments in high-rise city buildings are most often supplied with hot water coming from central system water supply. This service is an integral part of ensuring the comfort of living in multi-apartment buildings. Perhaps many residents do not know, but the temperature supplied to the end points of water consumption is not a whim of boiler house workers or clerks. heat supply organization, and the standardized value established by the relevant legislative acts.

However, unfortunately, the temperature of hot water does not always meet the established standards, which leads not only to serious inconvenience, but sometimes even creates certain risks for human health. Therefore, one should not treat such violations passively, as they can lead to negative consequences, and the perpetrators will not bear any responsibility.

So, this publication aims to provide information on what the hot water temperature standard is set for - what to do in case of non-compliance with the standards, and where to contact on this issue.

Hot water in a house or apartment has long been considered no "luxury" - it is a necessary "attribute" of life modern man. However, sometimes it happens that the housing company, which has assumed the obligation to control the hot water supply at home, does not always fulfill its obligations in good faith (paid, by the way, by the residents themselves). In this regard, the owners or tenants of apartments have a fair question about what is the reason for these violations of the established temperature standards.

All apartment owners in high-rise buildings are well aware that hot water is sold to consumers at a much higher price than cold water. If the hot water supply is maintained within the established SanPiN temperatures, then the hot water is diluted large quantity cold, resulting in the most acceptable for the human body, warm. That is, in this case, much less hot water is used, and you will also not have to pay so much for it. But when the water from the DHW supply pipes is initially warm, then there is no need to dilute it with cold water, and in this option, the residents pay for it as for a full-fledged hot one, respectively, and the amount in the payment will be much larger.

However, unreasonably increased payment is not the biggest disadvantage of water not heated to the desired state. There are also more serious risks that can negatively affect the health of people, especially those with weakened immune systems.

AT Russian Federation, as in all civilized countries of the world, certain standards for the provision of public services have been developed, legally approved and applied in practice. This list includes, among other things, the quality of water supply, cold and hot.

In the Russian Federation, standardized standards for the supply of hot water to residential buildings are prescribed:

- in the "Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations" (SanPiN 4723-88 " Sanitary regulations arrangement and operation of centralized hot water supply systems”);

- in the "Rules for the provision of public services to owners and users of residential premises in multi-apartment and residential buildings", which are approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 dated 06.05.2011.

According to them:

• The norm of the outlet hot water temperature indicator (on consumption devices) in apartments connected to the central water supply ranges from 60 to 75 degrees.
• In addition, a small exception-clarification was made. So, for houses connected to a closed heat supply system (wired from galvanized pipes and heated water in boilers), the water temperature must be at least 50 degrees, with an upper limit of 60 degrees. This is usually stipulated in contracts for the provision of relevant services.

Here it is necessary to clarify that the temperature of hot water should not depend on the season - it should always be in the specified standard range. Permissible deviations are stipulated, but even then they concern only the time of day. So, in the daytime, a deviation from the specified range (up or down) within three degrees will not be considered a violation, at night (it is considered, by the way, from 0.00 to 5.00) - five degrees.

There are several other temporary exceptions stipulated by legislative documents, when the heating rate can be reduced, or the hot water supply is suspended. Such situations include the following:

• Carrying out preventive scheduled work, during which problems that have arisen during the operation of the system are eliminated in various nodes of the communication network.
• The occurrence of an emergency on one of the sections of the highway or the failure of equipment at pumping stations.

At the same time, such situations cannot last for an arbitrarily long time - the rules also provide for temporary norms for suspending the supply of hot water:

• No more than eight hours (total) per month.
• No more than four hours in a row.
• Not longer than a day in the event of a serious accident.

In accordance with the above guidance documents, the organization responsible for the provision of public services to consumers is obliged, on its own or through the involvement of other persons or companies, to ensure Maintenance engineering systems inside the house, with the help of which the services specified in the contracts are provided. In addition, this organization must recalculate tariffs for poorly provided public utilities or their provision with interruptions that exceed the permissible duration.

For example, if the accident was not eliminated within 24 hours, the residents of the house (in the absence of meters) have the right to recalculate the payment for hot water for certain days of the given month.

What is the importance of temperature standards for hot water supply?

Control over the temperature of hot water supply is important, as mentioned above, not only for economic reasons, but also from the standpoint of maintaining the health of residents, which is especially true for children and people with disabilities. handicapped or chronic diseases. Therefore, water temperature indicators should not exceed the permissible threshold or be below normal.

• The first thing to consider is that the temperature can often be not only lower, but also exceed established norms, and this creates a considerable risk of burns. To eliminate the possibility of such damage, mixers are installed, with the help of which the desired water temperature is adjusted. Each user should remember what temperatures and how they can affect the human skin:

- + 50 ° C - partial burn is possible with an exposure duration of 90 seconds or more;

- + 55 ° C - the same situation, but the burn occurs in 15 seconds;

- +60°C - probably thermal damage to the skin when exposed for 5 seconds;

- + 65 ° C - severe skin burn in 2 seconds;

- + 70 ° C - immediate severe and deep burns of the skin and adjacent tissues.

This information must be taken into account if the apartment has Small child- consideration should be given to eliminating the possibility of his uncontrolled access to hot water taps.

• The reduced temperature of the incoming "hot" water is not only its overspending and other domestic inconveniences, but also a prerequisite for the emergence of a number of unpleasant situations. In particular, in the closed space of pipes, with a decrease in the temperature established by the standards, a favorable environment is created for the emergence and reproduction of various bacteria that can cause temporary intoxication in humans or even acute or chronic diseases.

A typical representative of such a pathogenic microflora is the legionella bacterium, the favorable habitat, development and reproduction of which is precisely warm fresh water. This microorganism is a gram-negative rod, no larger than 3 microns in size.

These microorganisms thrive in warm water, and also willingly settle in air conditioners and low temperature systems heating. Legionella can cause various diseases, flesh to lung infections and pneumonia with related complications. This bacterium can enter the human body while taking a bath, shower, when washing or brushing your teeth, as well as when eating from dishes that were washed with insufficiently warm water.

If the water meets the standards, then it is heated to more high temperatures minimizing the risk of infection to consumers. So, heated to 80 ÷ 90 degrees in boiler rooms central water supply water practically goes through the process of complete thermal disinfection.

The influence of temperature on the pathogenic microorganism discussed above looks approximately in the following way:

- Water below + 20˚С: the bacterium is inactive - it does not multiply, but does not die either.

- +25÷45˚С: the most favorable temperature for the development and reproduction of legionella.

- +55˚С: if this temperature is continuously maintained, then these microorganisms die in 5÷6 hours.

- +60˚С: the death of the entire colony of bacteria occurs within 30÷35 minutes.

- + 65˚С - legionella dies within 2 minutes.

How to achieve quality hot water services?

Monitoring compliance with temperature standards for hot water

So, in order to be able to achieve the restoration of the quality of the provision of such utilities, in order to make it possible to save on payments by making claims to the hot water supplier, it is necessary to periodically take temperature measurements. Moreover, this check should be carried out correctly, since a deviation from the established algorithm for its implementation will lead to a possible non-recognition of the result.

The measurement procedure consists of four stages and is carried out in the following order:

• The first step is to prepare a glass or other container and a thermometer for measuring water temperature, which has a scale of up to 100 degrees. Attention - mercury thermometers for such measurements in residential premises - are unacceptable.
• After that, the hot water tap is fully opened.
• Further, it is required to wait 3–4 minutes until the cooled stagnant liquid flows out of the pipeline (although, in theory, with a properly established circulation of the central hot water supply, there should be practically no stagnant sections).
• After water with a uniform temperature comes out of the tap, it must be drawn into a glass, which is installed directly under the stream.
• Next, a thermometer is placed in a glass filled with hot water. When the indicators on it are fixed, that is, the column (arrow) stops rising, the value must be recorded.

Requirement to recalculate or change the tariffication of the service

If measurements regularly taken throughout the day show that the temperature differs from the standard by more than 3 degrees, then it is possible to require the management company to eliminate violations, and if such elimination is not possible at the moment, then reduce the tariff for hot water (providing payment discounts).

This rate reduction is 0.1% per hour for every three "missing" degrees. Well, if the temperature of the incoming so-called "hot" water is below +40 degrees, then payment for the service should be made in general at the rate of cold water supply.

However, such a reduction in payment is possible only if the temperature indicators are not only recorded by the consumer, but also documented. Unfortunately, employees of organizations responsible for hot water supply practically do not constantly monitor the temperature state of water, and even when contacting them with appropriate claims, they carry out such monitoring with obvious reluctance.

Therefore, before contacting the management company, very often tenants independently calculate the required discount. Similar calculations are made after taking temperature readings for several days:

• For this, the number of days in which a decrease in the temperature of hot water was observed is taken - this number must be divided by the number of days in a month.
• The resulting result is multiplied by the established tariff for hot water supply. This value will become the discount that will have to be deducted from the total monthly tariff.

Thanks to independent calculations, it would seem that it is possible to control the recalculation that the management company will do. But in reality, everything turns out to be much more complicated. Therefore, in order to achieve a reduction in invoices for payment, after self-measurement of indicators, the following actions must be taken:

• The first step is to call the emergency service to inform the dispatcher that water is entering the house that does not meet the standards. The dispatcher accepting the appeal must register it under a certain number, which must be remembered, but it is better to write it down. In addition, it would be reasonable to record the name of the employee who accepted the application and the time it was submitted.

It is possible that the responsible employee is already aware of the reasons that caused temporary deviations from the norms of hot water supply and can inform you when everything will be restored. If not, then let's move on to the truth.

• According to the received appeal, within a few days, the management company must send an inspector or another of its representatives, who, after making sure that the information is correct, draws up an act on inadequate quality water.
• In the event that the employees of the managing organization are “in no hurry” to visit the house in order to sort out the reasons, the act can be drawn up independently by inviting several neighbors who must sign the document, thereby certifying the data received.

Such a document is recognized as legally significant, therefore, on its basis, it is quite possible to draw up an application addressed to the head of the State Housing Inspectorate or public utilities, indicating in it all the data received, as well as legal documents regulating service standards, and the time of consideration of the application.

The application must also indicate the reason for the appeal - " poor quality water". On the document submitted to the housing inspection, the inspector should receive a response about accepting the application for work, after which it remains to wait for a solution to the problem.

It should be noted that the best option will be the preparation of a collective application from the whole house or from the majority of its residents. In this way, you can speed up the procedure for considering a complaint and restoring hot water temperature standards.

Installation of modern devices for quantitative and qualitative accounting of water consumption

AT recent times Increasingly, apartment residents, faced with similar problems and desperate in the fight against housing and communal services bureaucrats, are trying to establish individual appliances accounting for water consumption, both cold and hot. And if there is a financial opportunity, then the best choice there will be a “smart meter” installation - it will justify itself pretty quickly.

A temperature sensor is installed before entering the water meter. As a result, such a device captures water consumption in real time, taking into account both volume and temperature. If the value of the hot water temperature does not meet the standard, then the billing automatically goes at a reduced rate, or even in general - as for the consumption of cold water.

By the way, there are cases when employees of management companies flatly refuse to register such multi-tariff devices accounting for water consumption and accept payment according to their testimony (despite the existing certificates of conformity of water meters), motivating this with a bunch of all sorts of obscure excuses. It is understandable - often such a technique becomes a "bone in the throat" for them, since there is nowhere to escape from the dispassionately recorded timing of violations.

If you are faced with such opposition, you should seek recognition of your innocence, referring to the already mentioned above Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No.

Below is a quote from Article No. 31 of this Decree (an extract of two paragraphs, “t” and “y”), which, after a careful reading, should, in theory, remove all questions on this issue:

Contractor (that is, a legal entity, regardless of the organizational and legal form or individual entrepreneur providing utility services to the consumer) is obliged to: ...

t) not create obstacles to the consumer in exercising his right to install an individual, common (apartment) or room metering device, corresponding to the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on ensuring the uniformity of measurements, including a metering device, the functionality of which makes it possible to determine the volumes (quantity) of consumed communal resources differentiated by time of day (set periods of time) or by other criteria reflecting the degree of use of communal resources, even if such an individual or common (apartment) metering device is functionality differs from the collective (common house) metering device, which is equipped with an apartment building;

at ) to carry out, at the request of the consumer, commissioning of the installed individual, common (apartment) or room metering device, corresponding to the legislation of the Russian Federation on ensuring the uniformity of measurements, even if such an individual or common (apartment) metering device differs in functionality from the collective (general house) metering device that an apartment building is equipped with, no later than a month following the date of its installation, and also proceed to the implementation of calculations of the amount of payment for utilities based on the readings of the metering device put into operation, starting from the 1st day of the month following the month when the metering device was put into operation; …

Water consumption meters - how to choose and install yourself?

By installing water meters, many problems related to the quantity and quality of consumed utilities are often solved at once. Read more about it in a special publication of our portal.

How to write a claim for the elimination of violations?

If the desire to restore the normal temperature regime in the hot water supply system has not passed, then after fixing the violations, it is necessary to proceed to the “documentary part” of the process. So, the consumer (or a group of consumers) expresses his claims by filing an application.

The application is drawn up according to the established model, in legible and neat handwriting.

• In the right corner of the document being drawn up, you should indicate the official and organization to which the application is sent, as well as the last name, first name and patronymic of the person from whom it is written, and his contact details - residential address and telephone numbers. If a collective complaint is filed, this fact should be clarified.
• Further, retreating 50 ÷ 60 mm down, the word “Statement” is written and it is indicated on what occasion it was drawn up. In this case, it is best to indicate Article 7.22 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, which provides for liability for violation of the rules for the maintenance and repair of residential buildings.

• Next, the text of the complaint itself is written, which is also drawn up according to certain form. First, the address of the house is indicated where the hot water supply standards established by SanPiN are not met, and then the essence of the problem is described.
• At the end of the drafted text, there is an appeal to the manager of the Housing Inspectorate with a requirement to check the fact of the violation, and issue an order to eliminate the problem that has arisen, as well as recalculate hot water tariffs for a certain period. In addition, we can safely demand, in accordance with Article 7.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, that administrative penalties be applied to employees guilty of regular violations of hot water supply standards.
• At the bottom of the document is the date of the application and the signature of the applicant or applicants, when filing a collective complaint.

Filing an application can be called the first part of the process of restoring justice. Further, after filing a complaint, you should wait for a response from officials who are required to respond within (maximum) 30 working days from the date of receipt of it. Then troubleshooting should follow. If this did not happen, and the normal temperature regime of the water was not restored, and the recalculation was not made within a month and a half, then the residents of the house have the right to go to court. In the same way, a complaint is filed if the water has bad smell, taste, dirty or cloudy appearance.

In order for the consumer to have a chance to defend his rights in case of violation of water quality standards, it must be remembered that when drawing up an agreement between him and the supplier, all the norms of the public services provided, which are defined by law, must be prescribed. Therefore, before you put your signature on the contract, you should carefully study it, including all footnotes, including "written in small print."

Expected changes in the standards for the provision of DHW services

Recently, Rospotrebnadzor has been actively discussing the issue of lowering the temperature standard for hot water supply from 60 to 50 degrees.

At the same time, two options for solving the problem are proposed in order to save energy:

• The first option is to use special disinfectants for high-quality water purification, instead of heating. At the same time, experts assure that consumers will not be infected, as this is a more effective way to improve the quality of water supplied to apartments.
• The second option under consideration is to lower the water temperature to 50 degrees constantly and heat it up to +70 degrees only once a day. According to experts, when offering such a measure of thermal disinfection, it is more effective, and this is proved by world experience, since in many countries of the world this is the method of purifying water from bacteria living in it. To avoid accidental thermal injury among consumers, heating to high temperatures is suggested to be carried out at night.

There are, of course, ardent opponents of such changes, who operate on the following quite fair considerations:

• Firstly, they believe that it is still necessary to take into account the opinion of the consumers themselves on this issue, since the changes will primarily affect their comfort and the amount of payment for the services provided (it seems that although the lower heating limit will be lowered, the service will not be cheaper will follow).
• Secondly, with, alas, the current approach in the Russian public utilities to various changes, it is necessary to be prepared for output parameters that will be below the established standards, since even today they are far from being always met. For example, if we are talking about reducing the level of heating of hot water to 50 degrees, then in practice it is quite realistic to get no more than 40 ÷ 45 degrees at the output, which already "does not climb into any gates." And discounts for such temperatures, taking into account the permissible 3 degrees of deviation, will turn out to be generally ridiculous. In short, the consumer is once again the loser.
• Thirdly, the practice of functioning of the Russian housing and communal services in no way allows you to be sure that in all municipalities without exception, high-quality cleaning cold water before heating it. Well, this may well lead to an increase in the likelihood of various infectious diseases. Therefore, the opponents of the discussed initiatives believe that in the conditions of the Russian communal system, only thermal treatment of water supplied to apartments is a truly effective method of disinfection in modern realities.

To date, the previously developed standards are still in force, while the new ones were planned to be introduced from March 2017, but so far there has been no official confirmation or refutation of this issue. It is known, however, that such an idea has not yet received approval from the Government of the Russian Federation. But who knows, maybe this will happen someday if alternative proposals that have long been adapted in our public utilities are not heard.

Video: Insufficient hot water temperature is a problem in most regions of Russia

All residents apartment buildings they know well that the temperature of hot water in the tap, according to the standard, should be ... hot. If you ask several people in a row, it is unlikely that someone will be able to immediately clearly explain what are the values ​​​​of permissible parameters, how they are measured, and who should monitor all this. Such ignorance of residents is often used by unscrupulous representatives of management companies, who send astronomical bills for services that no one even dreamed of. If the water temperature clearly does not meet the standards, it is necessary to take some measures, contact the appropriate authorities. There is also little clarity on this issue. Well, we'll figure it out.

Why is temperature control important?

First of all, compliance with the temperature regime of hot water supply is prescribed by the requirements of GOST, SanPiN and SNiP standards. In addition, the provision of hot water supply is a service paid in accordance with the current tariffs and requiring compliance with the terms of the contract between the consumer and the supplier. There are more specific reasons forcing to strictly observe the temperature regime of hot water supply:

1. Lowering the water temperature below the minimum set threshold can provoke the growth or outbreak of infectious diseases, while if the specified temperatures are observed, pathogenic bacteria die.
2. Excessively hot water can cause burns.
3. Most modern apartments are equipped with plastic piping or other plumbing fixtures. Excessively heated water can disable them, melt or cause deformation.

Utilities in our country often violate the standards for hot water temperature

Finally, we should not forget about the most important thing - the convenience and comfort of consumers, because hot water is supplied only for them. It should be borne in mind that in the vast majority of cases, people complain about too cold water.

It is important! Complaints about excessively hot water are much less common, since there are much fewer conditions for creating such situations, and it is much easier to solve the problem. Basically, people are outraged by the need to pay for hot water, but in fact not be able to use it.

In order to understand the difference in the reaction of human skin to contact with water different temperatures Let's make a small table.

The temperature of hot water in an apartment building

So, the temperature of hot water in an apartment building is not someone's whim or opportunity, but a strictly standardized indicator that must be observed. It should be clarified that the temperature requirements are duplicated in SNiP, SanPiN and GOST, although they do not differ from each other. This situation arose because of the need to coordinate technical, sanitary and general standards, bring them into full compliance, eliminating the possibility of discrepancies and abuses. Otherwise, confusion could arise when doctors nod at technicians, technicians at GOSTs, and so on without end. The value of the standards has been worked out by many years of practice, the existing equipment is configured for it, it allows you to get the most comfortable mode of hot water supply.

Standards SanPiN, SNIP and GOST

The temperature of hot water, measured in a standard way at the point of analysis, must be in the range from 60 ° to 75 °. Wherein:

• Not lower than 60 ° - in open water supply systems;
• Not lower than 50 ° - in closed water supply systems;
• Not higher than 75° - in any case.

A lower temperature (from 50°) is allowed for closed systems and applies to heating. Analysis of water for domestic needs is not carried out from them, so it makes no sense to consider them.

You can measure the water temperature yourself

These standards have been in force for a long time and have been worked out by many years of practice. Any serious deviation from the set values ​​means serious changes in the technology of hot water supply, the presence of any violations or omissions. At the same time, there are permitted deviations from the specified values, due to the lack of water intake at night. Hot water tends to cool down. Being in pipelines for a long time without movement, it loses thermal energy. The values ​​by which the temperature can be reduced due to the natural loss of heat are also clearly defined by the current regulations.

Permissible parameter deviation

In 2011, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 “On the provision of public services to owners and users of residential premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings” was issued. It clearly indicates all the parameters and conditions for the supply of both hot and cold water. Among others, the permissible deviations of the water temperature at the points of analysis are indicated:

• At night from 00 to 05 hours - no more than 5 °;
• In the daytime from 05:00 to 00:00 - no more than 3 °.

It also states that at a temperature of hot water below 40 °, the calculation should be made as for cold water. This Ordinance is a very useful document that allows homeowners to assert their rights in court or other instances.

Tenants of apartment buildings should know normative indicators and be able to defend their rights

It is necessary to have a copy of this document in order to substantiate your claims to the representatives of the service provider at the right time. It also indicates the maximum period during which the absence of hot water is allowed - a total of no more than 8 hours per month or 4 hours at a time. An exception is made in case of an accident on a dead-end highway, for such situations a maximum limit of 24 hours is set.

Minimum temperature

With considering tolerances, the lowest temperature of hot water at the draw-off points can be:

• At night (from 00 to 05) - 55 °;
• In the daytime (from 05 to 00) - 57 °.

Any consumer knows that hot water gets very cold at night. Immediately after opening the tap, its temperature is obviously lower normative values. On this account, there is also a rule according to which water should gain the necessary parameters when passed for 3 minutes (no more). If this does not happen, there is a violation of the rules for supplying hot water.

Reasons for the drop in temperature

The main reason for the drop in temperature is the usual loss of thermal energy when the water in the pipelines is still. At night, the water intake stops almost completely, which causes a noticeable cooling of hot water, when it takes some time to pass it, waiting for the temperature to rise. Most users treat this with understanding, although if the wait is too long, legitimate questions arise - all the time, while cold water runs from the hot tap, the meter regularly winds up the amount of payment for the consumed resources.

Even if the water is below the set temperature, you have to pay for hot water

In addition to this natural cause others are possible:

• The pipelines of the circulation system are gradually clogged with salts, sludge and deposits, which significantly reduces them. throughput and change the mode of water supply.
• The condition of valves and valves often requires urgent intervention.

In the overwhelming majority of cases, the culprit of such situations is operating organizations that use the labor of unskilled or negligent workers who allow abuse or deliberate restriction of the supply of hot water and cold water in relation to the standard parameters. If the user is convinced that his rights are violated by the operating (managing) organization, he must file a complaint with the relevant supervisory organizations. In practice, it was found that the most effective is the appeal to the housing inspection. Often, one mention of it is enough for public utilities to regain their former vigor and begin to eliminate comments that they had not reacted to before.

Rules for measuring the temperature of hot water

Before making an official request to the management company, you should independently measure the water temperature. This is necessary at least in order to make sure that you are right and have specific figures on hand, on the basis of which any claims can be made. It should be borne in mind that these data are necessary only to be sure of one's own correctness, to confirm the correctness of one's own assumptions. They cannot be used as an official document confirming the fact of violations.

It is important! To obtain a full-fledged document, it is necessary to make measurements established order, in the presence and direct participation of representatives of the managing organization.

Procedure:

1. The temperature is measured.
2. An act is drawn up, which reflects the results of measurements.
3. The act is signed (or not) by representatives of the management company and the owner of the housing (recipient of services).

The temperature measurement procedure must be carried out according to certain rules. There is such a document - Guidelines MUK 4.3.2900-11 "Measuring the temperature of hot water in centralized hot water supply systems." It clearly defines the course of action. In particular, the approximate pressure of the jet during sampling is indicated - at least 2 l / min. It is not uncommon for utility engineers to turn the taps off as far as they can go, arguing that "at least" means "as much as possible." Formally, they are right, but in normal household use, no one opens the water so that the spray flies in all directions.

It is important! In addition, it is necessary to remember about the time of preliminary draining of water. In this matter, one should be guided by Government Decree No. 354, where the time is clearly indicated - 3 minutes.

A representative of the management company may begin to refer to the same Guidelines MUK 4.3.2900-11, which says about holding until a stable temperature is set for up to 10 minutes. The situation is controversial, but not a stalemate. The fact is that the Government Decree has much more weight than departmental rules, so in this case, any court will be on the side of the user.

Based on the measurement results, an act is drawn up.

Act on the results of checking the temperature of hot water

Often they make up plain paper by hand, on which they put all the necessary signatures and seals. They are also valid, although the level of organization of work in such management companies is immediately visible, which may indirectly affect the court decision. It must be borne in mind that if employees of the management company violate the rules for measuring temperature, or try to somehow rig the results, the user has the right to refuse to sign such an act. In such cases, it has no legal force and is not recognized by the court.

What if the hot water is low temperature

As a rule, the first thing people do is contact their management company. This is quite reasonable: hot water supply is their economy, and they decide the issue. Most often this happens - clogged risers, failed valves and other problems are found. However, sadder stories also happen when you have to act more formally. First of all, you need to understand what results you need to achieve. Usually this:

• Correction of the situation with the water supply;
• Recalculation of the fee for the entire time during which the service was not received in the proper amount.

To do this, follow these steps:

1. File a formal complaint with the management company about inadequate hot water temperature.
2. Wait for the engineers to visit, measure the temperature in the prescribed manner.
3. Draw up an act on the results of measurements.

The received act (copy) is already an official document confirming the fact of violations and giving grounds for applying to the supervisory authorities.

How to write a complaint to the management company

Compiled written claim addressed to the head of the management company, which indicates the essence of the problem.

Application form to the management company

As can be seen from the text of the form, the user must first measure the water temperature. This will not be considered a proven fact, but will make the claim more substantiated. After receiving such a statement, the head of the Criminal Code is obliged to respond to the user within 3 days and give him information about further intentions. The date and time of the check is usually assigned.

Where to go

Having an act of checking the temperature in your hands, you can contact more influential authorities:

• Prosecutor's Office;
• State Housing Inspectorate.

Practice shows that the most influential and effective option there will be an appeal to the Housing Inspectorate, and here's why: the court and the prosecutor's office will definitely react, but as the issues raised earlier are resolved. That is, until the case reaches the consideration of the complaint received, it can take many months. All this time, the situation with the supply of hot water will remain unchanged. In addition, the specificity of these organizations is such that the punishment of the guilty is at the forefront. This means that even with a positive result, it is quite possible to remain with an unsatisfactory hot water supply regime.

Appeal to the Housing Inspectorate brings much more successful results. The application is drawn up in free form and submitted to the organization in physical form (not in electronic form). According to the law, the application will be considered within 30 days from the date of submission, after which the applicant will receive a written response outlining the list of measures taken. In addition, often the very intention of the user to contact the Housing Inspectorate affects public utilities much more effectively than all threats of judicial or prosecutorial sanctions.

It is important! Here is a specialized supervisory organization that has a lot of leverage on the management company, up to the suspension of activities. It is much easier for them to resolve the issue peacefully than to contact powerful representatives of the State Housing Inspectorate.

Recalculation of DHW payment

By current rules for every 3° decrease in temperature, the payment is reduced by 0.1% per hour. That is, if the temperature at the point of intake is 51 °, then, taking into account the permissible deviations, 14.4% of the payment amount will “run in” in 3 days. When the temperature of hot water is below 40 °, you have to pay for it as for cold water. In this case, the management company itself will not recalculate. It is necessary to collect all the documents confirming the fact that the service was not received in the proper amount and apply to the court with them.

It is important! If it is not possible to prove the non-compliance of water quality regulatory requirements, the recalculation will be denied. Therefore, it is important to immediately document all detected deviations, otherwise it will be very difficult to prove the existence of the problem retroactively.

Video: how they steal on our hot water

The temperature of hot water is one of the most "sore" issues. Many management companies save on heating, this is especially noticeable in regions with high prices for electricity. However, the problems of the Criminal Code should not fall on the shoulders of residents of apartment buildings. They pay utility bills and should not receive less of them in any form. In addition, excessively low water temperatures can cause the spread of pathogenic bacteria, an example of which happened not so long ago in one of the regions of the country. The discrepancy between the DHW parameters led to an outbreak of infection that claimed the lives of 5 people. If the temperature of hot water was within the norm, the bacteria would die within a few minutes. Given the severity of the consequences, it is necessary to treat compliance with the norms and requirements of SanPiN in the most rigorous way and respond to identified shortcomings immediately.