Why do black spots appear on cherries. Diseases of cherries: description and treatment Processing cherry bushes rotten berries on the vine

12.09.2017 6 678

Cherry diseases and the fight against them - effective treatment and prevention

In recent decades, due to the spread of diseases stone fruits gardeners are faced with a sharp drop in yields and even with the need to cut recently lush landings. It is not surprising that cherry diseases and the fight against them occupy the main place among the burning topics, photos and descriptions of dangerous ailments will help the owners of household plots to identify the problem in a timely manner, cope with it and establish prevention.

Until the middle of the last century, the unpretentious cherry that grew in gardens throughout the territory former USSR, there were practically no serious enemies. And the old, proven varieties regularly pleased villagers albeit not the largest and sweetest, but numerous berries. But since the 60s in a number of regions cherry trees more and more often, by the middle of summer, they stood almost without foliage, and fewer and fewer berries were tied on them. This is how coccomycosis, brought from the north of Europe, proved itself. Three decades later, Russian gardeners met another formidable enemy of stone fruit crops - moniliosis. Today, these diseases are the main, but not the only enemies of cherry orchards in Russia. Trees and crops are threatened by scab, perforated spotting, gum disease and other misfortunes.

General measures to protect cherries from diseases and pests

Unfortunately, fungal and related infections are so common today that to achieve good harvest, relying only on varietal characteristics and normal care, it will no longer work. Preventive and medicinal use fungicides on household plots- the norm. But even the most effective means have their own weak spots. The fungus already in the second or third year is able to adapt to earlier effective drug. Therefore, chemicals have to be changed regularly, not forgetting about the observance of agricultural technology and elementary attention to plantings.

In addition to spraying with fungicides, cherry trees need:

• in the ongoing;
• in the regular rejuvenation of fruit-bearing trees to the level of wood of 3–4 years;
• in harvesting fallen leaves and removing even inedible, dry fruits remaining on the branches;
• in competent fertilizer and mandatory watering of the garden.

Details about cherry diseases - video

In recent decades, due to the spread of stone fruit diseases, gardeners have faced a sharp drop in yields and even the need to cut down newly lush plantings. It is not surprising that cherry diseases and the fight against them occupy the main place among the burning topics, photos and descriptions of dangerous ailments will help the owners of household plots to identify the problem in a timely manner, cope with it and establish prevention.

Until the middle of the last century, the unpretentious cherry, which grew in gardens throughout the former USSR, had practically no serious enemies. And the old, proven varieties regularly pleased the villagers, if not with the largest and sweetest, but with numerous berries. But since the 60s, in a number of regions, cherry trees more and more often stood almost without foliage by the middle of summer, and fewer and fewer berries were tied on them. This is how coccomycosis, brought from the north of Europe, proved itself. Three decades later, Russian gardeners met another formidable enemy of stone fruit crops - moniliosis. Today, these diseases are the main, but not the only enemies of cherry orchards in Russia. Trees and crops are threatened by scab, perforated spotting, gum disease and other misfortunes.

In the zone of the greatest spread of cherry diseases and pests are gardeners in the North-West of the country, the Non-Black Earth Region and nearby areas. In relative safety, cherry plantings of territories with a warmer and drier climate, for example, the Caucasus, the Volga region, the Kuban and the south of the Black Earth region. But even here, without proper attention, care and prevention, there is a high probability of plant disease.

Coccomycosis: a description of the cherry disease with photos

Fungal diseases of cherries cause the greatest damage to the crop. One of the most dangerous and insidious is coccomycosis. The spread of the disease is facilitated by long wet periods when the air is warmed up to 20–24 °C. Such conditions contribute to the fact that the causative agent of infection, the fungus Coccomyces hiemalis, develops unhindered, multiplies and infects plants.

The disease manifests itself in the summer, and its characteristics, primarily visible on the foliage:

1. On the front side sheet plates rounded brownish or reddish spots are formed.
2. Gradually they grow, the tissues in the middle dry out, and on back side leaves appear areas with a pinkish bloom.
3. The foliage affected by coccomycosis dies off and falls off in the second half of summer, leaving the branches almost bare.

Judging only by outward signs, coccomycosis could be considered a cherry leaf disease. But this opinion is wrong! Due to the early loss of the green part of the crown, cherry trees are weakened and unprepared for wintering. As a result, some of the shoots die by spring, damage is found on the trunk and skeletal branches.

Already in the first year after infection, the cherry reduces the yield, the quality of pilaf decreases. If you do not urgently deal with the fight against the disease, the cherry, as in the photo, dies in the next few years.

Premature leaf fall in the middle of summer should seriously alert the gardener. All fallen leaves must be collected and destroyed, and the plants are treated with Bordeaux mixture, ferrous sulfate solution or systemic fungicides. Re-processing is carried out according to the instructions after 7-14 days after the first one.

The main measures to combat the fungal disease of cherries are aimed at destroying the pathogen and preventing its spread to healthy trees.

As a preventive measure in the risk zone, as well as in wet weather that contributes to the spread of coccomycosis, spraying of cherries is carried out in the spring, even before the flower buds open, and at the end mass flowering plants.

At the same time, one must be aware of the possible toxicity of sprayed products. The fruits remaining on the branches are removed, hands, respiratory organs are protected with gloves and a respirator. In order for the action of the drugs to be as effective as possible, they must fall on dry foliage and act unhindered for 2-3 hours. Therefore, for processing, it is better to choose a calm, fine morning or evening when there is no danger. sunburn.

Cherry moniliosis: photo of the disease and the fight against it

Moniliosis or monilial burn is already well known to gardeners middle lane Russia, Kuban, Chernozem region, southern regions of Siberia and the Urals. In some areas, almost all cherry plantings are infected with a harmful fungus, but, in addition, the fungal disease of cherries caused by Monilia cinerea is also dangerous for other fruit crops.

The primary infection of the tree occurs during flowering, when the spores of the fungus penetrate and germinate through the pistil and pedicel deep into the tissues of the wood. However, when cherry disease is noticed in the spring, gardeners often mistake its signs for the consequences of freezing or unsuccessful chemical treatment.

Indeed, branches, flowers and young leaves drying under the action of a spreading fungus seem to be burned. And from the outside, moniliosis lesions look like large solid spots in the crowns of recently completely healthy trees.

Secondary infection occurs through the fruits, in which the spores of the fungus ripen. Outside, the berries look dry, mummified, often covered with a grayish coating. They cling tightly to the branches and, if not removed, persist until spring, becoming a new focus of infection.

Infection is facilitated by wet spring-summer weather, irregular pruning of the crown and violations of agricultural technology. If the prevention of cherry disease and its treatment is not given due attention, within a few years the trees wither and die.

To minimize the number of foci of infection, be sure to:

• fallen leaves are removed, and the soil under the trees is carefully loosened;
• cut off, capturing part of the healthy wood, and destroy the branches affected by moniliosis;
• remove and burn the remaining fruits.

In the spring, before the buds open, cherry plantings are sprayed with Bordeaux liquid or other contact fungicide. Re-treatment is carried out in the second half of flowering. Special attention is given to plants that have already been attacked by a harmful fungus in the past. If cherry disease in the spring is noticed earlier healthy trees, you will have to resort to the help of systemic fungicides, for example, Skora, Topaz or Fundazol.

Clusterosporiosis cherries and treatment of the disease

Perforated spotting is in the third place in terms of destructive influence. Klyasterosporiosis also refers to fungal diseases of cherries and affects not only foliage and shoots, but also flowers. At first, the disease manifests itself by the appearance of brownish-brown spots. As they grow, the tissues inside dry out and crumble, leaving large rounded holes. The diseased foliage dries and falls off, the affected berries also do not pour and dry out. Spores of a harmful fungus hibernate:

• in the soil;
• on the remaining mummified fruits;
• inside cracks in the bark;
• on plant debris.

In addition to regular cleaning and destruction of fallen leaves and pruning of the crown, for the prevention and treatment of disease, cherries and the soil around in the spring are sprayed with a solution blue vitriol or Horus.

Developing as described, as in the photograph, cherry disease requires urgent action. In this case, complex action fungicides or Bordeaux liquid are used. Full-scale processing is carried out in several stages, starting from the green cone stage, ending summer days when just over 20 days remain before harvest.

Similar measures are taken when signs of brown spots and rust are detected on fruit trees. In both cases, the gardener is faced with the appearance of brown, reddish-brown or red spots on the leaves and ovaries, which are a manifestation of the activity of harmful fungi. All of these diseases negatively affect the yield and consumer properties of fruits, weaken plants. Therefore, at the slightest delay, the garden will need not only the fight against cherry diseases, but also pests, for which the affected plants become desirable and easy prey.

Cherry scab: description of the disease and its treatment

Most often, scab, also caused by fungi, is found on apple trees and pears, but in household plots it can also affect stone fruit crops. If, as in the photo, a disease is found on a cherry, the fight against it should be carried out as seriously as with moniliosis or brown spot.

Dark scab spots with a cracking middle grow not only on foliage. They capture the pouring berries and drastically reduce the quality of the crop, making the fruits practically unsuitable for food and processing.

A good measure for the prevention and control of a fungal disease of cherries is:

• collection and destruction of fallen leaves;
• timely shaping and sanitary pruning of the crown;
• digging the soil under the trees;
• spraying plants and tree trunks with a fungicide solution, copper oxychloride or Bordeaux liquid.

As in other cases, processing is carried out in several stages in accordance with the instructions for the means chosen by the gardener.

Gommosis: a description of the cherry disease with photos

Drops of gum appearing on the trunk and branches of the cherry are also a disease. Gommosis or gum disease can be caused by several reasons:

• sunburn;
• frost exposure;
• improper use of dressings;
• left without due attention to mechanical damage to the cortex.

At first glance, a phenomenon that is not dangerous for the life of a plant is actually a harbinger of the most unpleasant consequences. In the area where the cambium is disturbed, the proper development of wood is hindered or stopped, but access is completely open for harmful fungi, other pathogens of cherries and pests.

In this case, it is equally important to prevent the appearance of new cracks, as well as to heal existing ones as quickly and efficiently as possible. In order to prevent gum disease after sanitary pruning and crown formation, it is imperative to treat with garden pitch. The resulting damage is pre-irrigated with a 1% solution of copper sulphate.

General measures to protect cherries from diseases and pests

Unfortunately, fungal and related infections are so common today that it will no longer be possible to achieve a good harvest, relying only on varietal characteristics and normal care. Preventive and therapeutic use of fungicides in household plots is the norm. But even the most effective means have their weaknesses. The fungus already in the second or third year is able to adapt to a previously effective drug. Therefore, chemicals have to be changed regularly, not forgetting about the observance of agricultural technology and elementary attention to plantings.

In addition to spraying with fungicides, cherry trees need:

• in the spring sanitary pruning of the crown;
• in the regular rejuvenation of fruit-bearing trees to the level of wood of 3–4 years;
• in harvesting fallen leaves and removing even inedible, dry fruits remaining on the branches;
• in competent fertilizer and mandatory watering of the garden.

If diseases dangerous for stone fruit crops are common in the region, it is better for the gardener to take care of the selection of zoned resistant varieties and hybrids already at the stage of laying the garden.

Proper care of cherries includes not only watering, pruning and loosening the soil. It is also important to protect plants from diseases that can leave you without a crop. Let's figure out how to protect cherries from major ailments.

List of all possible diseases cherries are quite large. We will tell you how to recognize and overcome them.

Cherry diseases

All cherry diseases are divided by distribution:

• Fungal, forming spots, death of leaves, berries, trunks. This is the most common type of disease. They are spread by spores, carried by a dirty tool, wind.
• Bacterial - microbial infection, insect pests, wind, dirty tools.
• Viral - introduced by insects, transferred from one site to another. drugs from viral diseases no, they show the vascular system. Only removing a diseased tree can save a garden.
• non-infectious - not proper care, frost cracks, at the wrong time and incorrectly carried out pruning, sealing raw cuts with wax, breaking branches under snow or fruit load.

Prevention measures, ridding the garden of pests, and careful attention to each damaged leaf will help keep the sweet cherry healthy.

Disease clasterosporiosis, or perforated spotting, cherries

This fungal disease can affect the entire tree: its buds, flowers, branches, but leaves are most often affected. In spring, they are covered with light brown spots, which darken and increase in size over time (their diameter can be from 1 mm to 2 cm). After about a week, holes form at the site of the spots. With a strong defeat by klesterosporiosis, the leaves dry up and fall off.

Prevention of clasterosporiosis of sweet cherry

Remove and burn all dry and damaged branches and leaves in a timely manner. Dig up the soil regularly in the trunk circle.

The causative agent of the disease remains in the cracks in the bark and tissues of the shoots, so heal all wounds on the trees. First, clean them well, then disinfect them with a 1% solution of copper sulphate and cover them with garden pitch.

In early spring (before bud break), spray tree crowns and soil in trunk circles nitrafen or 1% copper sulphate.

Control measures

In the green cone phase (at the beginning of bud break), spray the plants with Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 liters of water). Repeat after flowering. 15-20 days after the end of flowering, carry out the third treatment, and no later than 20 days before harvesting - the fourth.

Bacteriosis disease (ulcer or cancer of the cherry)

As the name implies, bacteriosis is a bacterial disease. It affects trees aged 3-8 years. Bacteria are carried by rain and wind. In winter, they live in the buds and vessels of the tree.

Wet and cold spring with frequent rainy and windy weather contributes to their spread throughout all organs of the plant.

The branches of a diseased tree become covered with ulcers, gum flows out of them. Spots appear on the leaves and fruits irregular shape brown or black with a yellow border. The stalks are covered with small brown ulcers.

The wood on such trees dies, the leaves die off. Sometimes the cherry dies completely. Bacteriosis may not appear if the summer is warm and dry.

Treatment. Today, there are no methods to combat this disease; it is not for nothing that it is also called cherry cancer. Each type of sweet cherry is characterized by a different susceptibility to bacteriosis.

Trees that receive the necessary nitrogen nutrition and moderate watering are not very susceptible to this disease.

Brown spot disease (phyllosticosis) of sweet cherry

You can often tell if your tree is healthy or not by looking closely at its leaves. It is they who first give out infected plants.

If suddenly during the examination you notice small brown spots on the foliage, then the diagnosis will be disappointing - your sweet cherry is sick with phyllosticosis or brown spotting.

This is a fungal disease, which subsequently manifests itself as black dots on the leaves - spores of a pathogenic fungus. After some time, the leaves of a diseased tree dry up and fall off.

Treatment. Affected leaves must be collected and burned in a timely manner. Before bud break, treatment with 1% Bordeaux liquid, 1% copper sulfate, nitrafen is recommended. Re-treatment is carried out after flowering with Bordeaux liquid (in two to three weeks).

After another two weeks, spraying with Hom fungicide is desirable. In case of severe infection, another treatment is carried out in the fall, after leaf fall. Use a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

Important! Before spraying cherries, you must familiarize yourself with the safety rules. The main ones: the treatment should take place in dry, calm weather, the eyes should be protected with glasses, and the mouth and nose with a mask.

Since the spores of the pathogenic fungus that causes brown spot overwinter in the fallen leaves under the tree, in the fall it is necessary to carefully remove the dry leaves and dig up the ground in the near-trunk circle.

Verticillosis disease, verticillium wilt of sweet cherry, wilt

The names of the fungal disease that manifests itself in early spring usually on young trees. If the bark on the cherry bursts, most likely it is verticillium. Flowers darken and fade, gum appears on the branches and trunk, the bark exfoliates, and tissue necrosis occurs. The younger the tree, the faster the disease progresses. The death of a plant younger than seven years old can occur in a year, older ones - in three to eight years.

How to fight? Try not to damage the roots when digging, as the fungus enters the wound from the soil and rises through the capillary vessels. In the spring, before the leaves appear, spray the crowns with cuproxate or 3% Bordeaux liquid.

And when the foliage blooms, treat with a 1% solution a few more times: after flowering, after a couple of weeks, then at the end of summer and for the last time in October, before leaf fall begins. If the infection does not give up, use stronger drugs against verticillium wilt - Polycarbacin, Fundazol, Topsin, Vectra, polychrome.

Carefully clean the cracks from which the gum flows and cover with mullein and clay mixed with 2% copper sulphate. Cover stumps from cut diseased branches with garden pitch or oil paint. Often, verticillium wilt occurs in sunny and frosty areas, so in the fall, whitewash the trunks with a solution of lime with the addition of copper sulfate.

Fungal diseases of sweet cherry and the fight against them are not limited to the above options, they also include phyllosticosis - brown spot, powdery mildew, scab, cylindrosporiosis - white rust, most of which can be dealt with with fungicides. Real mushrooms also settle on the trunk of a cherry tree - sulfur-yellow tinder fungus, false tinder fungus. To prevent their occurrence, eliminate all damage to the bark in time.

Gum disease

Non-infectious common disease. Cherries are particularly prone to this disease, as the tree is stronger than cherries or plums and grows thicker. As a result, enzymatic transformations occur in the cells and gum is formed. The disease manifests itself on trees damaged by unfavorable wintering or already affected by clasterosporiosis, moniliosis and other diseases of stone fruit crops.

Trees grown on acidic or highly moist soils, as well as after the application of high doses of fertilizers in high humidity, are especially affected.

Symptoms of gum disease: the release of gum on tree trunks, which hardens in the form of transparent glassy formations.

Control measures. It is necessary to follow all the rules of agricultural technology and cultivation of sweet cherries (increase winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases, fertilize trees in a timely and correct manner, monitor the water regime).

Wounds formed on the bark after pruning or for other reasons must be covered with garden pitch (petrolatum).

Wounds that secrete gum are cleaned, disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, then rubbed with fresh sorrel leaves 2-3 times with an interval of 10-15 minutes. After all, they cover it with garden pitch or nigrol putty (70% nigrol + 30% sifted oven ash).

Cherry scab disease

The leaves are covered with brownish-brown spots and infected among them curl up into a tube. Over time, they dry out and crumble. Green fruits stop growing and begin to dry.

Control measures. AT early periods spring, autumn, in order to eliminate this disease, it is necessary to dig up the ground along with foliage; get rid of sleeping fruits, leaves. You should also spray the plants, firstly, when the green buds stand out, secondly, the plants have faded and, thirdly, when the fruits have already been harvested. Spray with copper chloride (40 g / 10 liters of water) or 1% Bordeaux mixture.

Disease gommoz cherries

A non-infectious disease of the cherry tree, which is manifested by the abundant formation of gum in the cracks of the bark without visible necrosis and the formation of ulcers. The release of gum during gommosis is a reaction of tissues to the effects of various adverse factors, such as hyperacidity and waterlogged soils, excessive doses of fertilizers, incompatibility of the scion with the rootstock, low temperature, low or too high humidity.

Both mechanical damage to the bark and the spread of infectious diseases, many of whose pathogens produce toxins. Biochemical processes in tissues are disturbed, the growth and development of young shoots is suspended. Gum is a product of the breakdown of cell membranes, it flows to the surface in the form of a sweetish solidifying liquid. Abundant gum flow causes drying of young shoots and even entire trees.

Control measures. Compliance with all agrotechnical requirements for growing this crop, prevention of mechanical damage, frost cracks and protection from sun-frost burns. Disinfection of saw cuts with a 1% solution of copper sulphate with obligatory putty with oil paint. Liming acidic soils. Preventive spraying of trees annually in the spring, before the leaves bloom, with copper-containing preparations against a complex of pathogenic microorganisms.

Cherry chlorosis disease

With this sweet cherry disease, a uniform yellowing of the leaves between the veins occurs, which is associated with a large deficiency in the supply of nutrients to young growing leaves. The cause of this cherry leaf disease can be frost and bark death or the spread of root and stem rot, as well as necrosis. With a strong manifestation of the cherry disease in the spring and later in the summer, browning and drying of the leaves, and the death of branches and trunks are observed.

Control measures. Timely identification of the causes of chlorosis. Preventive spraying of trees in the spring, before the leaves bloom, 1% Bordeaux mixture or its substitutes (HOM, Abiga Peak). In case of mechanical damage and frost cracks, pruning, cutting down the fruiting bodies of tinder fungi, it is recommended to disinfect all saw cuts and cracks with a 1% solution of copper sulphate and cover with oil paint.

Disease moniliosis or gray rot of cherries

Characterized by darkening on the shoots, similar to burns. The fruits are covered with gray growths, they can rot. Its difference is in the random arrangement of plaque, in contrast, for example, from fruit rot, where a similar plaque is located in circles of the correct shape.

To overcome the disease, the affected branches are removed with fruits. The garden is treated with Bordeaux liquid or blue vitriol.

Preventive whitewashing of trunks, treatment of ants and caterpillars are carried out annually.

Berries from such a tree are not suitable for eating.

Cherry white rust disease

A disease of fungal origin. It is characterized by falling greenery in the middle of summer. After infection, the plant becomes weakened, losing its frost resistance. With a high degree of probability, in the spring it will need to be uprooted.

If you notice that in the summer for no reason a tree sheds leaves, then it must be urgently collected, taken out of the garden, it is better to burn it. Drying shoots cut off. Prepare a mixture of Bordeaux liquid with water, lubricate the sections and spray the crown.

Cherry pests and their control

1. Cherry fly. This is the most common and dangerous pest for cherries. The cherry fly lays its eggs in the still unripe fruit, where the larvae then eats away the pulp. Fight the cherry fly with insecticides.
2. Cherry shoot moth. This insect destroys the buds, leaves and flowers of the cherry. The mole is destroyed at the stage of swelling of the kidneys with the help of the preparations "Holon", "Chlorophos", "Karbofos".
3. Cherry sawfly. This insect makes whole spider web nests on the tree. Sawfly larvae eat the pulp of the berries. Treatment is carried out with the same drugs as in the fight against shoot moths.

It is noteworthy that sweet cherries are subject to the same diseases and pests as cherries and plums. Therefore, having studied the methods of struggle using the example of sweet cherries, you can take care of a rich and fruitful garden.

Cherry pests: video

If you think that with the planting of cherry seedlings your mission is over, you are deeply mistaken. To achieve a good harvest, you need to provide the trees with proper care. Also, take care of their health. To your attention the most dangerous diseases of cherries, methods of their treatment. Photos will help us figure it out.

General factors disease-causing cherries:

1. climate;
2. weather;
3. correctness, peculiarity of care;
4. soil condition;
5. tree injury;
6. implementation or lack of preventive measures;
7. the presence of other fruit trees in the garden;
8. destruction (or not) of pests;
9. other unpredictable factors.

Clasterosproiasis is a common disease of stone fruit trees caused by a fungus. high humidity air in hot or warm weather contribute to its appearance. For wintering, spores of the fungus choose the affected areas of the cherry. They infect healthy tissue. The pathogen is carried by rain, wind, insects.

The first symptoms of the disease are noticed already in early spring. The leaves are covered with dotted spots. Their red color gradually reaches brown. The spots have a crimson blurry border. This distinguishes perforated spot from other fungal diseases of cherries.

The diameter of the spots soon becomes up to 5 mm. In their place, holes appear due to drying (hence the name of the disease). Soon the perforated leaves fall off. In addition to leaves, flowers, cuttings, buds, fruits are affected. Young infected shoots are distinguished by a bright red edging that increases in length. They secrete a liquid (gum). If the sprouts are severely affected, then they soon dry out, then fall off. Sick flowers darken, then crumble. The buds turn black, releasing gum, dry out, but remain on the tree. These signs are clearly conveyed by the picture.

Fighting methods:

• Cut off diseased branches. Disinfect the cut site with a thick solution: 1% copper sulphate plus 3% iron sulphate. Then smear with garden putty;
• Fallen leaves, flowers, cut shoots should be burned immediately. This is a place to dig;
• Spray the tree twice with 3% Bordeaux liquid for a large lesion.

coccomycosis

The disease came from Scandinavia (the middle of the last century). Has received widespread distribution. The fungal pathogen persists in cherry leaves, living there during the winter. Weakened plants are most susceptible to coccomycosis.

Treatment of coccomycosis is the same as that of perforated spotting. Behind recent times breeders have bred varieties that are less susceptible to coccomycosis. They need less processing.

Moniliosis (gray rot)

This cherry disease is also known as monilial burn or gray rot. It is relatively “young” for our regions. Appeared only in the 90s of the last century.

The fungal pathogen lives in diseased parts of the tree. Here he will overwinter well, if preventive maintenance is not done in a timely manner.

Almost all cherries are affected: foliage, trunk, shoots, fruits. Therefore, moniliosis is considered the most formidable disease. Affected areas look like burned. Leaves are infected first. Then the bark of the plant is covered with gray growths. They are located randomly. Where such "burns" appeared, the site begins to rot.

Affected shoots crack, releasing gum. After which they die. The berries are deformed, almost all crumble.

Fighting methods:

• Fallen diseased parts of the tree should be burned immediately;
• Cut branches - 10 centimeters below the affected area. Disinfect, treat with garden putty;
• Clean the bark of the trunk to a healthy tissue;
• Spray cherries with one of the preparations: 3% copper sulfate, Bordeaux liquid, nitrafen, iron sulfate, oleocuprite.

Anthracnose

The disease affects mainly cherry fruits. The onset of the disease can be missed. Since the fruits are immediately covered with barely noticeable light spots. Later they become small bumps with a pink coating. In hot weather, the cherries dry out. Wet weather can aggravate the course of the disease, destroying 80% of the fruit.

For the treatment of anthracnose, the chemical preparation "Polyram" is used. They spray the plant three times: before flowering, after, and two weeks later again. This measure is sufficient for recovery.

Gum treatment

All of the above fungal diseases of cherries cause gum to leak from the affected parts. It is a transparent liquid. Flowing out, the gum hardens. This process is called gumming. Possible reasons: abundant watering of the soil, excessive top dressing.

It is necessary to fight with gum disease. Since the liquid contains pathogenic spores, they will spread to healthy plants by rain and wind. Treatment consists in preventing, that is, preventing such a condition. First of all, proper care is needed, the destruction of pests, the timely detection of diseases, and their treatment.

Rust

Cherry leaves are covered with reddish spots. Their yellow border resembles. Hence the name. The upper side of the leaf shows signs more clearly than the lower side.

• Remove coniferous plantations growing nearby;
• Collect all diseased leaves, dispose of;
• After flowering, spray the cherry with the Hom chemical preparation (it contains copper oxychloride). Dilute a bucket of water with 80 grams of powder;
• When the cherries are harvested, spray with 1% Bordeaux liquid.

Scab

scab - pretty dangerous disease cherries caused by a pathogenic fungus or bacteria. Infection occurs during the flowering period. Spread is facilitated by wet weather.

Spores of the pathogen appear on the foliage as brown-olive velvety spots. Cherry fruits may be affected. Mature - covered with cracks, green - shrivel, stop developing. In the presented photos, you can clearly see all the signs of cherry diseases.

Scab treatment measures are reduced to prevention.

• In early spring, spray cherries and soil with nitrafen;
• When the buds begin to bloom, treat the trees with Bordeaux liquid (10 liters - 100 grams);
• Three weeks later, when flowering ends, repeat the previous procedure;
• Spray a third time after the fruit has been fully harvested;
• With a strong infection, a fourth spraying can be done two weeks from the third.

Prevention of cherry diseases and consequences

1. First of all, proper care of fruit trees minimizes the risk of infection;
2. Timely collect, burn fallen, diseased parts of the tree;
3. Pruning of affected branches is best done in the fall in dry weather, before the leaves fall. Rain can spread disease-causing spores;
4. Mid-spring - cut off all weak, dried shoots, branches that thicken the crown. This procedure will give the tree additional nutrients necessary for growth;
5. Make sure that the near-stem circle is cleaned when fertilizing;
6. Protect cherries from injury. If there are any, then delete the branches that can no longer be saved. Clean the rest of the wounds, grease with garden putty;
7. Avoid sunburn of foliage, frostbite (whitewash the trunks with lime in time);
8. Remove gum promptly. Treatment with vitriol will prevent gum disease;
9. Spray the plant in the spring with 1% Bordeaux liquid, before the buds open. The second time to do the processing after flowering. The third is in two weeks. Autumn spraying is also effective when the foliage falls. Conduct annually;
10. Treat trees carefully chemicals otherwise it may cause burns. This is especially true for the Bordeaux liquid. To prevent this, it is necessary to make a "control" spraying of one branch. The burn will appear as a necrotic stain. In the fruit, the leaf is like a mesh. Then you need to temporarily stop processing.

These diseases harm not only cherries, but everything garden plot. The yield of fruit trees is decreasing. Leaves fall prematurely. The appearance of the fruit spoils. Plant growth is inhibited. Their immunity is reduced.

It should be remembered:

• After the spread of infections fruit trees careful, proper care is needed. Then a rich harvest can be expected;
• After processing, thoroughly rinse the berries under running water;
• Specialty shops will provide you big choice finished preparations for the treatment of plants;
• It should be remembered about the high toxicity of copper sulfate. Use it carefully. If necessary, you can change to another drug. Less toxic, for example "Fundazol". It is especially effective in flowering;
• It's good when the tree is preserved as much as possible more leaves. Then it will better endure the winter;

Video “Diseases of cherry coccomycosis”

What to do if the cherry leaves flew around, you will learn from the video: